., Illlllllll THE MORNING OREGONIAN, FRIDAY, JANUARY 26, 1017. V v ROOT INTERPRETS SPEECH OF WILSON Ex-Secretary Sees Admission That Only Way to Avoid War Is to Be , Prepared. PEACE REQUIRES FORCE Monroe Doctrine Declared Main tained in Past Only by "Willing ness to Fight for It and by Balance in Europe. WASHINGTON, Jan. 25. The world peace address of President "Wilson to the Senate was interpreted by Elihu Hoot in a speech here tonight ae an admission that there is no way out of war except by preparation for war and as a denunciation of the course of Ger many. He said he was in full sym pathy with the purposes of the speech, which contained "such noble idealism." Mr. Root spoke before the National Becurlty League Congress of Construe tlve Patriotism, beginning a three-day session. He appealed for a return to the "basic principle upon which this Government was founded," universal military service, as the only adequate measure or defense. American free dom was threatened, he declared, by the principle of "liberty of National evolution" asserted by, Germany, the application of which had meant the overwhelming of Serbia and Belgium, and which, if approved by the world, will mean that "our American free dom Will eurely die, and die while we live." - Universal Service Cheered. The speaker's plea for universal serv ice and his denunciation of Germany Drought his hearers to their feet, cheer ing time and again. His address was the feature of a day filled with vigor ous appeals for universal military training and service, which promises to be the central theme of the Congress, although a long programme in which other questions of National defense will be treated has been mapped out. Taking up the President's address. Mr. uoot said: "The President has recently made a speech in the Senate, of which we have all been reading, and I wish you to ob eerve that the only way he sees out of the war that is devastating Europe is Iby preparation for war. There i much noble idealism in his speech. with its purpose I fully sympathize. The kind of peace he describes is the peace that I long for. But the way he sees to preserve that peace is by preparation for war. Now, if some of our friends among the cornfields and the cotton fields and the mines and the citrus fruit orchards will sit up and read this clause of the President's speech, telling how we may prevent further wars, they may have reason to wonder whether they haven't forgotten something. Effort Meaningless Without Power. "Here It Is: "Mere agreement may not make peace secure. It will be abso lutely necessary that a force be cre ated as a guarantor of the permanency or the settlement so much greater than the force of any nation now engaged or any alliance hitherto formed or projected, that no nation, no probable combination of nations, could face or withstand it. If the peace presently to he made is to endure it must be a peace made secure by the organized major iorce or mankind.' "Now, I hope that paragraph means wnat I nope it noes. I do not under stand it ee intended to commit the United States to enter into a conven tion or treaty with the other civilized countries of the world-which will bind the united States to go to war withou the people of the United States having an opportunity to say whether they win go to war or not. "What I understand by it is that convention shall be made by which all the civilized nations shall agree with all their power to stand behind the maintenance of peace thus agreed upon and u that peace be infringed upon then, under the sanction of that agree ment, each nation shall determin what its duties are toward the main tenance of that peace. Force Must Be Built Up. "But observe that that is worthless, meaningless, unless the nations that enter into it keep the power behind it. Jt will be a worthless agreement on our part if we haven't a Bhip or a sol dler that we can contribute to the war, If war there ought to be. for the main tenance of that peace. "And it absolutely requires that we shall build up a force, potential powe of arms, commensurate with our size, our numbers, our wealth, our dignity, our part among the nations of th earth. Just one other sentence of thl speech about which I will say a word una that Is the declaration that th peace must be a peace without a vie tnry. Now, I sympathize with that But the peace that the President de scribes involves the absolute destruc tion and abandonment of the princlpl upon which thi war was begun. It doesn't say 'Serbia,' it doesn't say "Bel plum,' but there the chosen head- the American people has declared th principles of the American democracy in unmistakable terms, has declared for the independence and equal rights or all small and weak nations, has de clared for a Monroe Doctrine of the whole world.' "State EiIsmct" Discussed. "Every word of that declaration which I believe truly represents th conscience and Judgment of the Ameri 'an people, denounces the sacrifices of Belgium and of Serbia and the prln ciples upon which they were made.' Mr. Root said the European war was begun on the principle that a stat exigency is superior to those rules morality which control individual 2Ie continued: "Upon that principle it was declared there was no obligation upon a nation to keep the faith of a treaty if it did not suit its interests. "It doesn't matter much what you and I think about these things. What does matter is that approximately one-half the entire military power of this world supports that proposition. And I say if that principle of National conduct be approved, then our American freedom will surely die, and die while we live. "Look for a minute at the German note proposing a peace conference, which used a phrase which apparently describes the concrete application of the principle about which I am talking. It said, 'We were forced to take the sword for justice and for liberty of national evolution. X n X m t Inn RHlltlMB. "Liberty of national evolution! It was national evolution that overran Serbia. It was national evolution that crushed Belgium and national evolution lias 'extended over Asia and Africa, all over the world, except America, North and South eager and grasping and resolute, gathering in tinder its flag, under domination under national con trol, the territory of the earth." Mr. Root declared that no nations had Veen guiltless, that even the United Ftates still had Mexico to answer for. "What had maintained the Monroe Doctrine, he said, was the willingness of the men of Monroe's time to fight, the i-uropean balance of power and the British fleet. Now I ask," he added, "what that Monroe Doctrine will be worth if we aren't ready to protect it? Suppose the result of this war is such that these foreign influences that have helped preserve the Monroe Doctrine disappear and we aren't ready to defend it?" COEDS CAN'T EVEN WAVE Barnard College Girls Are Dis- tressed Because of Rules. BOSTON, Mass., Jan. 19. Dear! dear! dear! If any Barnard girls who live In Brooks Hall break any of the rules fter this, they must report them selves. Isn't that distressing? Until a recent meeting there was a real warm argument, the old honor ystem prevailed. Under it. if a Kirl broke the rules the other girls were supposed to report her to the presi- ent. It wouldn't be so hard If It hadn't been decided also at the meeting that there must be no more signaling from tne aormitory windows to young men rernaps you can imagine how embar rassing It would be to have to go to the president and say: President, I waved my hand out of the window to my young man tonight ana ne waved back. Oh. dear! 1 m sorry I was so reckless." 99 0HI0ANS ARE INDICTED Frauds in Last Presidential Elec tion Are Charged. CINCINNATI, Jan. 25. Eleven men. among them two Republican City Coun- ilmen. an assistant clerk of the City Council and a Hamilton County Dep uty Sheriff, who were named in indict ments returned by the Federal grand ury today in connection with alleged frauds at the last Presidential election, were taken into custody tonight by United States Marshals. Numerous others mentioned in the six sealed indictments against 99 men are expected to be brought into court to morrow. WOMEN OUT FOR VOICE (Continued From First Pape.) of $6 or 18 a week. A pair of shoes, nowadays, costs $10. Every woman here has at least one child. We are against the lives we lead as well as you. But what are you going to do about it? I know. I have been in hospitals and institutions and have seen the blind and the defectives. I know what caused their conditions. I am a mother of a girl of 14. An other girl in my house is the mother of four. She was sick. She wrote to her brother, a Methodist preacher. for help. "He answered: 'Trust in the Lord. Harvest of "Wild Oats Seen. "Tl ese women before you are prod ucts of men of shame who buy them. You say, 'I don't want these women around my church. My church must be pure.' That is not what Christ said to the MagrdaleL "You and your people say "our boys must sow their wild oats.' All right, you see before you the harvest of those oats." ' She said that church women should quit gossiping and rear their sons so that they would not debauch women. This is the saddest moment of my life," replied Mr. Smith, as Mrs. Gamble stood awaiting his reply. "How many of you have children?" he asked. Turee-quarters of the women raised their hands. 'How many of you are In this life because you couldn't make enough to live on?" All hands were raised. ".'low many of you made less than $8 a week?" Half of the women raised their hands. Girl Said to Need 20 a Week. A girl." said Mrs. Gamble, "can't live on less than $20 a week. Men who are heads of families get less tnan zo. replied Kev. Mr. Smith 'How many here would work for $10 a week.' The women laughed at him. Not El hand was raised. The pastor introduced Miss Florence Brookman, a helper. She said she would harbor any who came to her. Yes, come to church," said Rev. Mr. Smith. Yes, but your parishioners wouldn't let us stay among their daughters." one woman hurled back. "Come and see," said the pastor. "I can help one of you to reconstruct your lives," said the pastor. "You may come to me at any time." Tremendous Question Raised. "You have raised a tremendous ques tion and I pledge myself now to help you and to work for decent wages. But I don't think a woman has the right to sacrifice her purity for luxury and fine clothes. Christ gave his sym pathy to the Magdalen, but he exhorted prostitutes to lead a white life. I have never said, 'Drive them out.' I do not blame them. I blame the men who take your wages and the owners of property where you live. The system is wrong, but it seems the "woman must pay.' " The women applauded when Mrs. Gamble said, in telling of a hat girl in a hotel who worked for $25 a month: "How long is that little girl going to stay pure with a mother and little sister to support?" "There are boys at the University of California," Baid Mrs. Gamble, "between 19 and 22, come to my house regularly with the money their fathers give them, to buy women. They are not fit to be blown to hell. That's why women are in my house. Plea for vXew Girls" Made. "If you want to stop prostitution, stop the new. girls from coming in. Don't mind us. We have our cross. The girls coming in will always be coming in so long as conditions, wages and education are as they are. You won't do any good attacking ue. Why don't you attack those conditions?" said Mrs. Gamble. "We want to stop it. "It won't do any good to drive us out of the city. Has your city- and your church a different God that you drive evil away by sending us to other cities? "It's the men who preach morality and contribute to churches, who take support from women to whom they pay wages that drive these women here into the life they lead. "We will work for a living wage." The church echoed again with ap plause. "The women that you want to pay attention to," she continued, "are not the prostitutes so much as the mothers who sit there drinking cocktails aft ernoons, leaving their children to serv ants. "Before you go into the vice meet ing tonight, try to think what will become of us," said Mrs. Gamble. Then the women left. Rev. Mr. Smith said it was a "his toric meeting," and that a minimum wage law for women was a necessity. Dreadnought Mississippi Launched. NEWPORT NEWS. Va.. Jan. 25. The i uoerdreadnought Mississippi was successfully launched today in the pres ence of Secretary Daniels, distinguished visitors and more than 15.000 specta tors. Water from the Mississippi River was used in the christening. FRAUD UNDER NEW LAND LAW CHARGED Secretary Lane Told Plan Is Under Way to Corner Large Areas of Range. ENTRIES UNDER SUSPICION Complaints Also Reach Members of Congress Department May Forestall Action by Refusing to Promulgate Rules. OREGONIAN NEWS BUREAU. Wash ington, Jan. 25. If charges, filed in great number with the Secretary of the Interior, prove to be well founded, the new 640-acre homestead law may not be put Into operation until Congress has an opportunity to amend it, or until the Interior Department, in co-opera-1 tion with the Department of Justice, has opportunity to prepare to guard the Government against fraud. The substance of the charges on file is that large sheepmen and cattlemen in the West have been sending their herders and other employes in large numbers to file applications to enter under the 640-acre law, the assumption being that the employers are to finance their agents and the agents, in turn, after acquiring title from the Govern ment, are to convey the land to the employers. Men Hired to Enter Lands. One of the charges was submitted by a well-known citizen of one of the big livestock states. He said: "Immediately upon the 640-acre law coming Into force, the sheepmen rounded up their herders and camp tenders and they flocked into the United States Commissioner's office here and I am Informed that most of the locations of land made under this act have been made by the sheepmen and their employes. That in effect means and it is what one sheep-herder said here that the sheepmen are hiring these herders and camp tenders to enter these lands, under contract to deed the property to the sheepmen as soon as title can be obtained. This means that all the good grazing lands they can enter will be covered by these fraudulent entries and finally get into the possession of the sheepowners." Another informant, writing the Sec retary, cited a case in which 17 herders employed by a single sheepman had made preliminary applications to make entry, their Joint applications covering 17 consecutive sections where this man has been accustomed to run his sheep. These complaints are coming in large numbers and also 4re being received by Senators and Representatives from the Western states. Secretary Lane has declared his purpose to hold up all 640 acre entries until he can investigate. tan Intended for Real Settlers. The 640-acre bill was passed on the theory that it would encourage the set tlement of vast areas in the West that will never be homesteaded under the 160-acre law or the 320-acre law and advocates of the bill maintained that it would prove a great boon to thou sands of settlers. The law is so drawn that no actual entry can be filed cover ing 640 acres until after the Secretary of the Interior has designated areas wherein such entries will be allowed, nor can any entries he made until the departmental regulations have been promulgated. It therefore rests in the hands of Secretary Lasie to prevent entries and the preliminary applica tions that have been made by thousands have conveyed no color of title. The attempted fraud under the 640- acre law Is on all fours with dummy entries made years ago under the timber and stone act. If. on investiga tion. Secretary Lane becomes convinced that widespread fraud has been at tempted under the 640-acre law, he can do one of several things. He can start proceedings against those who are at tempting to make fraudulent entry. He can reject entries that are shown to be fraudulent, or he can refuse to designate any land under the 640-acre law and throw the whole question back to Congress. TIMBER OPTIONS CLOSED Continued From First Paye.) kane. 14.000 acres: J. O. Elrod. 8000 acres: Reed & Mackay, 6000 acres Standish-Hickey, 1000 acres, and other smaller tracts. The Reed & Mackay 1000 acres are supposed to contain 400,000,000 feet of timber and the other holdings a proportionate amount. The deal will bring to the Gardiner Mill Company $1,250,000 and the Reed and Mackay Interests will have a por tion that will bring- them a big sum, The payment to the C. A. Smith Com pany will be upwards of $1,000,000. Cash to Be Paid. When the property is taken over the deal will be closed for cash and all who are selling will be paid on the spot. The Smith options for the 27,000 acres' were furnished by A. E.. Adel sperger, of the A. E. Adelsperger Cruising Company, of Marshtield, for mer head of the Smith Timber Com pany. . The Smith holdings are practically all south of the Umpqua River, while the Gardiner Mill Company tracts lie north of the Umpqua, adjacent to the rail road and on Smith River, towards the head of tidewater. The Reed & Mackay timber is situated on the south side of the Umpqua and the Sparrow & Kroll land is north of the Umpqua and ad joining the railroad. New York Stockholders Approve. The stockholders of the company, at a meeting in New York last week, ap proved the options and probable pur chase, and the Boston stockholders fol lowed suit the first of this week. It is believed the deal will be consummated within the next six weeks or two months at the most. This large deal causes much specu lation, for the lay of the land, its near' ness to both rail and water shipping and its compactness make it admirable for carrying on operations with great est economy. Great Industry Probable. Naturally the question arises, will the company with such large hold ings operate or let it lie idle, as hundreds of other owners of tiro ber land in the Coast section are doing? The question has not been an swered as yet, but as the affair nears completion it is believed some declara tion of the company s Intent will b forthcoming. In the event of the com pany starting operations it would mean the largest industry that has ever lo cated in this section of the Coast. The only spruce remaining in thi part of the state now Is on the Coos Bay peninsula and in the district south west of Marshtield and towards Ban don. There is said to be sufTicien spruce in the Frank Boutin holding beyond Beaver Hill to supply pulp an paper mills for a number of years, bu it is held so high it does not meet with a ready sale. During the Summer of 1916 agents o foreign governments investigated th spruce supplies in this territory and went so far as to figure on an order of 50.000,000 feet for aeroplane stock and other utilities, but nothing came of lt C. J. Bruschke. who died recently, was the man who negotiated at this end fpr the sale. Another spruce contract, amounting to 12,000,000 feet, is to be taken this year from a point on the Coqullle River about five miles west of the City of Coquille. It will be worked up in saw mills at Coquille and either be shipped by rail or water. The purchase of this timber tract, if carried through successfully, means the establishment of a large industry some where on the Umpqua River that will employ 6000 men. A large deal of the same nature is said to be closing in the northwestern portion of Washington, and, although the property is isolated, it comprises quite aa large an area and as much paper spruce. The price alleged to be passing for the Washington deal is $4,000,000. The same Eastern concern is the purchaser, but operations there will not be immediate. HUfJGERSTRlKE WORRIES WOHEX TO APPEAL TO WILSON FOR BIRTH-CONTROL WORKER. Seattle Sympathiser Goes to Confer With New. York Legislators to Get Law Repealed. NEW YORK. Jan. 25. Friends of Mrs. Ethel Byrne, serving a 30-day sentence for her activity in birth-control propaganda, became alarmed today by her stubborn refusal to eat and drink and said they would appeal to both President Wilson and Governor Whitman. Mrs. Byrne has not touched food or drink since 8 o'clock last Mon day morning. A physical examination of Mrs. Byrne showed that her heart action was nor mal after 50 hours of fasting, but she was losing weight. Mrs. Byrne's attorney announced to day that he would endeavor to have the State Legislature amend the law which prohibits circulation of literature re lating to birth control. The first step was taken today, when Mrs. Lillian Fassett, secretary of the Birth-Control League of Seattle, Wash., started for Albany to confer with legislators. She will be joined tomorrow by other friends of Mrs. Byrne and the tatter's sister. Mrs. Margaret Sanger, who is facing trial here on a similar charge. Mrs. Fassett, a college graduate, came to New York from Seattle to assist the two defendants. Progress of the War. rpHB big battle between the Germans JL and Russians over the frozen Tlrul marsh southwest of Riga continues un abated. Further progress for the Ger mans along both sides of the Aa River Is reported by Berlin, which claims an advance over a front of about six miles and the capture of Russian fort po- itions, together with 14 officers and 714 men and 13 machine guns. Fetrograd admits that southeast of the river the Russians have had to fall back a third of a mile, but says th attacks by the Germans on the marsh were repulsed. Aside from this battle, the fighting in the various other theaters continues to be carried out mainly by the artil lery and small reconnoiterlng and raid ng parties. In Roumania the extreme ly cold weather has virtually put an nd to tne operations or the moment. Lively fighting has taken place on the lamous uead Man Hill in tne Ver un region of France, but no detail f it have been made public Reciprocal artillery duels, which have reached considerable proportions at , several points, are being fought from the Swiss frontier to the North Sea. The British treasury, under the de fense of the realm act. .will shortl requisition such foreign securities held n Great Britain as may be required to strengthen the country's financial position. The British labor conference at Man Chester, by a vote of more than 3 to has gone on record as being agalns an immediate offer of peace proposal COLLEGE REPORT IS MADE (Continued From First Paaje.) believe is an unnecessarily large num ber of people for an economic adminis tration." It is stated as the belief of the committee that the millage tax Is en tlrely adequate to carry on the wor of that school, as well as to make the improvements suggested, and to provid for other buildings that may be neces sary from time to time. Agricultural College Landed. In malting general recommendation for the Agricultural College it is stat ed that the school is in most excellent condition. The committee expresses the belie that the college needs a new building for library purposes and that the insti tution has not sufficient facilities to carry on the domestic science work. Inspection of rhe Monmouth Normal School convinced the committee that the institution does not employ an excel-, number of instructors and that the salaries paid in every Instance are reasonable. The town of Monmouth is found to afford very limited facilities for prac tice work and that President Acker man, considering the limited means at his command, is accomplishing most excellent results. "We are of the opinion, in the light of the foregoing facts, it is unwise for the state to spend further sums in the construction- of buildings at the Mon mouth Normal and that there is but one city in the state of Oregon of suf ficient size to warrant the state in en deavoilng to build up an ideal lnstltu tlo: of this character sufficient to ac commodate the necessary number of students and furnish the requisite num ber of children for practice work, con cludes the report. 2-YEAR TERM IS GIVEN fContlnued From First Pane.i showing an increase in the cost per pupil in Portland schools of late years after the adoption of the two-group plan. This gain was explained in vari ous ways; in fact the gain In cost per pupil in all schools of the city was shown to be $2.72, due to increasing cost of materials, and the fact that lessened attendance at the grade schools has not reduced the overhead organization cost materially. The new schools, too, have swimming tanks and other more elaborate facilities than was the case In former years. Some opposition to the two-group plan was said to be felt by teachers. Mr. Lockwood declared that a teacher had just asked him to transfer her to another Bchool, as she had heard the two-group system was to be installed where she was and she did not like it. "Why doesn't she speak to the super intendent and he will no doubt place her in another Bchool?" asked Director Plummer. Superintendent Alderman assured the Board this was so and said the new plan would not be Introduced into any school where the principal was op posed to its adoption. The Board voted 1 for the new system as promising great- 1 er efficiency. $15 Department for Lien Entire Third Floor. 1 ML CLOTHES I sell to men the best clothes that can be made at the price best in style, best in quality, best in workmanship. The man who spends fifteen dollars for a suit or overcoat is entitled to the same consid eration as the man who spends forty dollars; he receives it here. Hundreds of fifteen-dollar gar ments are displayed see them, men! BEN SELLING Morrison at Fourth STRIKE BILL READY! Senate Committee Agrees on Railroad Legislation. TRESPASS IS FORBIDDEN liaiv Does Not Penalize Strikes, but Provides Penalties for Going; on Railroad Property to Pre vent Moving of Trains. WASHINGTON, Jan. 25. After sev eral weeks' consideration the Senate interstate commerce committee tonight practically agreed on railroad legisla tion supplemental to the Adamson law. Chairman Newlands expects to intro duce the measure this week. As now framed, the bill would not forbid a strike or lockout, but would make it a criminal offense for a strik ing railroad employe to trespass on railroad property with a view to pre venting, by violence, intimidation or threats, the operation of trains. A fine of $100 or imprisonment for six months Ire the penalties for violation of this provision. Chairman Newlands Baid it would not apply to picketing and the use of peaceful persuasion by strikers. The committee has incorporated a section declaring nothing in the bill shall be construed to annul the pro visions of the Clayton act exempting it's the talk of bare facts j I the town the laid bare I sensation of the truth : years. as it is. . ' I Only Two J ti , hi... I uixyvt fiuic, i a , Go- Today. " I . wim , a 1 . o mmm, 8 1 ri J H I I n. - . II in i i h y ii i u ti u 9 1 H tomorrow hurry ' L J Mary Miles Minter U labor and other organizations from the operation of the anti-trust statutes. Work on the military necessity fea ture of the bill virtually was concluded tonight, and the authority to be given the President will be confined to the taking over and operating "such part of" a railroad or its equipment as is necessary to move troops or munitions in time of war, -threatened war, or in surrection. Suggestions that it be ex tended to include cases of emergency in times of peace were voted down. COUGAR LEAPS INTO SLEIGH Idaho Men Have Unwelcome Pas senger In Woods. OROFINO. Idaho, Jan. 25. (Special.) Fred Crocker and Robert Shumaker had a hair-raising experience early this week while driving through a stretch of timber to the Park country, when a large cougar Jumped into the back end of their sled. Fresh meat had recently been hauled In the sled and .t is thought the ani mal cented it. As the sled passed a large tree over hanging the roil the cougar dropped in he rear of the sled, but almost in stantly made his escape. . BISHOP DEMANDS VICTORY W ilson s Suggestion Alluded to as "Ludicrous Impossibility." LONDON, Jan. 25. The Bishop of Sheffield, presiding at the diocesan con ference today, and making reference to President V ilson s address, said he be lieves with his whole heart in ultimate and complete victory in the war. He had no belief whatever in peace without victory. It was a "positively ludicrous impossibility, he said. HUNGARY IS MODERATE PREMIER WOI LD MAKE TERMS AC CEPTABLE TO ENEMIES. Resistance, However, Will Be Contin ued ao Look aa Entente Alms at Destructive Purpose. LONDON, Jan. 25. Reuter's Amster dam correspondent sends a Budapest dispatch giving the reply of Count Stephen Tlsza. the Hungarian Premier, to a question put by a member of the opposition party in Parliament con cerning President Wlleon's address to the Senate. "Pursuant to our peaceful policy be fore the war and our attitude during the war, as well as our recent peace action," Count Tisxa is quoted as hav ing said, "we can only greet with sym pathy every effort aiming at the resto ration of peace. We are therefore in clined to continue a further exchange of views regarding peace with the United States Government. "In view of the fact that President Wilson in bis address makes certatn distinctions between our reply and our enemies' reply, I must especially state that the quadruple alliance declares it is Inclined to enter into peace negotia tions, but that at the same time it will propose terms which, in its opinion, are acceptable for their enemy and cal culated to eerve as a basis for a lasting peace. "On the other hand, the conditions of peace contained in the enemy's reply to the United States are equivalent at least to the disintegration of our mon archy and of the Ottoman empire. This amounts to an official announcement that the war alms at our destruction and we are therefore forced to resist with our utmost strength so long as this ta the war aim of our enemies." 1