THE MOTINTXG OREGONTAX, TTJESDAT, JANUARY- 23, 1917. PRESIDENT WILSON MOVES TO PLACE THE UNITED STATES IN LEAGUE TO ENFORCE PEACE AMONG NATIONS OF THE WORLD President Desires End of War in Europe Without Victory for Either Side Senate Addressed in Special Session, Setting Precedent New to More Than Hundred Tears He Would Extend Monroe Doctrine to AU Countries and Every Continent and Proposes Government With Consent of Governed. WASHINGTON, Jan. 22. Th full text of President Wilson's speech I today before the Senate, In 1 which he urged that the United States loin a league to enforce world peace, was: Gentlemen of the Senate: On the 18th of December last I addressed an Identic note to the governmente of the nations now at war requesting them to state more defi nitely than had yet been stated by either group of belligerents the terms upon which thoy would deem it possible to make peace. X spoke on behalf of humanity and of the lights of all neutral nations like our own, many of whose mout vital Interests the war puts in constant jeopardy. The central powers united in a reply Which stated merely that they were ready to meet their antagonists in conference to discuss terms of peace. Entente Reply More Definite. The entente powers have replied much more definitely and have stated in general terms, indeed, but with sufficient dcfinite tiess to- imply details, the arrangements, guarantees and acts of reparation which they deem to be Indispensable conditions of a satisfactory settlement. We are that much nearer a definite dis cussion of the peace which shall end the present war. We are much nearer the dis cussion of the International concert which must thereafter hold the world at peace. In very discussion of the peace that must end this war it Is taken for granted that that peace must be given by some definite concert of power which will make it virtu ally Impossible that any such oataatrophe mould ever overwhelm ns again. Ever juver or man Kin a. every sane and thought ful man, must take that for granted. Senate Held Councillor. I have sought this opportunity to address Ton because I thought that I owed it to you, as the council associated, with me In the final determination of our International obligations, to disclose to you, without re serve, the thought and purpose that have bnen taking form in my mind in regard to the duty of our Government in these days to come, when it will be necessary to lay afresh and upon a new plan the foundations of peace amonir the nations. It Is Inconceivable that the people of the TTnited States should play no part In that Kre.il enterprise. to take part in such rrrvice will be the opportunity for which they have sought to prepare themselves by the very principles and Durnoses of their pohty and the approved practices of their government ever since the days when they set up a new Nation in the hlsrh and hon orable hope that It might in all - that it was end did show mankind the wav to lib erty. -They cannot, in honor, withhold the eervtce to which they are now about to be rhillenged. They do not wish to with hold it. But they owe it to themselves and to the other nations of the world to rtate the conditions under which they feel Service Most Be Given In Honor. That service Is nothine less than thli to add their authority and their power to the authority and force of other nations to pruarantee peace and justice throughout the woria. bucn a settlement cannot now be Jonff postponed. It Is right that before it co nes this Government should frankly formulate the conditions upon which It would feel' Justified .in asking our people to approve its formal and solemn adherence to a league for peace. I am here to attempt io Biaie mose conditions. The present war must first be ended; but wo owe it to candor and to a just regard for the opinion of mankind to sav that so far as our participation In guarantees of juture peace is concerned it makes a great cai or oiirerence in what way and upon what terms It is ended. The treaties and agreements which bring It to an end must embody terms which will create a peace miiai is worm guaranteeing and preserving. a ic ace that will win the approval of man kind; not merely a peace that will serve the reveral interests and immediate alms Of the nations engaged. America's Voice to Be Heard. We shall have no voice in determining wnat inoae terms snail oe. out we shall. Tel sure, have a voice in determining whether they shall be made lasting or not by the guarantees of a universal covenant end our judgment upon - what Is funda mental and essential as a condition prece dent to permanency snouia be spoken now, not afterwards, when it may be too late. No covenant of co-operative peace that ones not include tne people of the new world can suffice to keep the future safe against war, and yet there is only one sort of peace that the peoples of America could loin in guaranteeing. The elements of that peace must be the elements that engage the confidence and satisfy the principles of the American Gov ernment, elements consistent with their political faith and the practical convictions which the peoples of America have once fur all embraced and undertaken to defend. Peace Alone Insufficient. I do not mean to say that any American Government would throw any obstacle In the way of any terms of peace the governments now at war might agrea upon or seek to upset tri em wnen made, whatever they might De. i only take it for granted tha mere terms of peace between the belliger ents will not satisfy even the belligerents themselves. Mere agreements may not make peace eure. It will be absolutely necessary that force be created as a guarantee of th permanency of the settlement so muc greater than the force of any nation now engaged or any alliance hitherto formed r projected, that no nation, no probable combination of nations, could face or with stand It. If the peace presently to be made jn to endure It must be a peace made secure by the organized major force of mankind. The terms of the immediate peace agreed upon will determine whether there is a peace of which such guarantee can be se cured. The question upon which the whole future peace and policy of the world de pends Is this: Community of Power Essential. T the present war a struggle for a Just and secure peace or only for a new balance of power 7 If it be only a struggle for a new balance of power, who will guaran tee, who can guarantee, the stable equilibrium cf the new arrangement? Only a tranquil Kurope can be a stable Europe. , There must be, not a balance of power, but a community of power; not organized rival ries, but an organized common peace. Fortunately, we have received very ex plicit assurances on this point. The states men of both of the groups of nations now arrayed against one another have said in PERTINENT SENTENCES FROM PRESIDENT'S APPEAL FOR W ORLD'S PEACE LEAGUE. . In every discussion of the peace that must end this war It Is taken for granted that that peace must be given by some definite concert o! power which will make it virtually impossible that any such catas trophe should ever overwhelm us again. It is Inconceivable that the people of the United States should play no part in that great enterprise. ... They owe it to them selves and to the other nations of the world to state the conditions under which they will feel free to render service. That service is nothing less than this: To add their authority and their power to the authority and force of other nations to guar antee peace and justice throughout the world. The present war must first be ended; but we owe it to candor and to a lust regard for the opinion of mankind to say that so far as our participation in guarantees of future peace is concerned it makes a great deal of difference in what way and upon what terms it is ended. I do not mean to say that any American Government would throw any obstacle in the way of any terms of peace the govern ments now at war might agree upon or seek to upset them when made, whatever they might be. I only take it for granted that mere terms of peace between the belligerents will not satisfy even the belligerents themselves. There must be, not a balance -of power, but a community of power; not organized rivalries, but an organized common peace. Victory would mean peace forced upon the loser; a victor's terras imposed upon the vanquished. It would be made in humiliation, under duress at intolerable sacrifice and would leave a sting, a re sentment, a bitter memory upon which terms of peace would rest, not permanently, but only as upon quicksand. No peace can last, or ought to last, which does not recognize and ac cept the principle that governments derive all their Just powers from the consent of the governed, and that no right anywhere exists to hand peoples about from sovereignty to sovereignty as if they were property. I take it for granted, for instance, . . . that statesmen everywhere are agreed, that there should be a united, independent and autonomous Poland. So far as practicable, moreover, every great peopje now strug gling toward a full development of its resources and of Its powers should he assured a direct outlet to the great highways of the seas. Where this cannot be done by the cession of territory, it can no doubt be done by the neutralization of direct rights of way under the general guarantee which will assure the peace itself. ' And the paths of the sea must alike, in law and in fact, be free. . The freedom of the seas is the sine qua non of peace, equality and co-operation. . The question of limiting naval armaments opens the wider and perhaps more difficult question of the limitation of armies and of all programmes of military preparation. Difficult and delicate as these . questions are, they must be faced with the utmost candor. I am proposing, as it were, that the nations should, with one ac cord, adopt the doctrine of President Monroe as the doctrine of the world that no nation should seek to extend its policy over any other nation or people, but that every people should be left free to determine Its own policy, its own way of developmtnt, unhindered, unthreatened, unafraid, the little along with the great and powerful. There is no entangling alliance in a concert of power. . When all unite to act in the same sense and with the same purpose, all act in the common interest and are free to live their own Uvea under a common protection. -r 1 t terms that could not be misinterpreted that i it was no part of the purpose they had in mind to crush their antagonists. But the implications of these assurances may not be equally clear to all may not be the same on both sides of the water. I think it will be serviceable if I attempt to set forth what we understand them to be. Peace Without Victory Needed. They imply first of au that it must be a peace without victory. It is not pleasant to say this. I beg that I may be permitted to put my own interpretation upon it and that it may be understood that no other Interpretation was in my thought. I am seeking only to face realities and to face them without soft concealments. victory would mean peace forced upon the loser. victor's terms imposea upon me van quished. It would be made In humiliation, under duress, at an intolerable sacrifice and would leave a sting, a resentment, a bitter memory upon which terms of peace would rest, not permanently, out only as upon quicksand. Only a peace oetween equais can iasi , onlv a neace the very principle of which is equality and a common participation in a common benefit. The right state of mind. the right feeling between nations, is as necessary for a lasting peace aa is the Just settlement of vexed questions of territory or of racial and national allegiance. Equality of Rights Object. The equality of nations upon which peace must be founded. If it is to last, must be an equality of rights; the guarantees ex changed must neither recognize nor imply a difference between big nations and small, between those that are powerful and those that are weak. Right must be based upon the common strength, not upon the indi virinai rrntrth of the nations upon whose rnnrrt oeace will depend. Kquallty of territory or of resources there, of course, onnf nor anv other sort of equality not gained In the ordinary peaceful and legitimate development of the peoples themselves. But no one asks or expects anything more than an equality of rights. Mankind is looking now for freedom of life, or for equipoises of power. People's Sovereignty Involved. And there is a deeper thing Involved than even equality of rights among organ ized nations. No peace can last, or ought to last, which does not recognize and ac cept the principle that gorernments de rive all their just powers from the consent nt thn aroverned. and that no right any where exists to hand peoples about from sovereignty to sovereignty as if they were orooerty. I take it for granted, for Instance, If T may venture upon a single example, that statesmen everywhere are agreed that there should be a united. Independent and auton omous Poland, and that henceforth In violable security of life, of worship and of industrial and social development should be guaranteed to all peoples who have lived hitherto under the power of governments devoted to faith and purpose hostile to their own. I speak of this not because of any desire to exalt an abstract political principle which has always been held very dear by those who have sought to build up liberty In America, but foi the same reason that I have spoken of the other conditions of peace which seem to me clearly indispensable be cause I wish frankly to uncover realities. Principle Most Be Recognized. Any. peace which does not recognize and accept this principle win inevitably be up set. It will not rest upon tne affections or the ronvlctlons of mankind. The ferment of spirit of whole populations will fight subtly and constantly against it, and all the world will sympathize. The world can be at peace only if Its life is stable, and there can be no stability where the will is In rebellion, where there Is not tran quillity of spirit and a sense of justicetyind freedom and right. So far as practicable, moreover, every great people now struggling towards a full development of Its resources and of Its pow ers should be assured a direct outlet to the great highways of the seas. Where this cannot be done by , the cession of territory. It can no doubt be done by the neu trail ra tion of direct rights of way under the gen eral guarantee which wilt assure the peace Itself. With a right comity of arrangement no nation need be shut away, from free ac cess to the open paths of the world's com merce. Sea Most Be Free. And the paths of the sea must alike In law and in fact be free. The freedom of the seas is the sine qua non of peace, equality and co-operation. No doubt a somewhat radical reconsideration of many of the rules of international practice hith erto sought to be established may be nec essary in order to make the seas indeed free and common in practically all clrcum tances for the use of mankind, hut the motive for such changes Is convincing and compelling. There can be no trust or in- macy between the peoples of the world without them. The free, constant, nn threatened Inter course of nations la an essential part of the process or peace and of development. It need not be difficult to define or to secure, the freedom of the seas If the government of the world sincerely desire to come to an agreement concerning it. X. Imitation of Anns Broached. It Is a problem closely conected with the limitation of naval armaments and the co operation of the navies of the world In keeping tne seas at once free ana saro. And the question of limiting naval armamenl s opens the wider and perhaps more difficult question of the limitation of armies and of all programmes of military preparation Difficult and delicate as these questions are they must be faced with the utmost candor and decided In a spirit of real accommoda tion, if peace is to come with healing In Its wings and come to stay. peace cannot be naa witnout concession and sacrifice. There can oe no sense of safety and equality among the nations if great preponderating armaments are hence forth to continue here and there to be built up and maintained. The statesmen of the world must plan fot peace and nations must adjust and accommodate their policy to It as they have planned for war and made ready for Pitiless contest and rivalry. The question of armaments, whether on land or sea, is the most immediately and intensely practical question connected with the future fortunes of nations and of mankind. I h ave spoken upon these great matters without reserve and wttn the utmost ex- pllcltness because It has seemed to me to be necessary If the world's yearning de sire for peace was anywhere to una iree voltre and utterance. Perhaps I am the only nerson In hltrh authority among all the peoples of the world who la at liberty to cpeak and hold notning nacK. a am speaking as an Individual and yet I am speaking, also, of course, as the responsible head of a great government and I feel con fident that I have said what the people of the United States would wish me to say. May I not add that I hope and believe that I am in effect speaking for liberals and friends of humanity in every nation and of every programme of liberty ? I would fain believe that I am speaking for the silent mass of mankind everywhere who have as yet had no place or opportunity to speak their real hearts out concerning the death and ruin they see to have come already upon the persons and the homes they hold most dear. Traditions Not Broken. And In holding out the expectation that the people and Government of the United States will Join the other civilized nations of the world In guaranteeing the perma nence of peace upon such terms as I have named, I speak with the greater boldness and confidence because it is clear to every man who can think that there Is In this promise no breach as a nation, but a ful fillment rather of all that we have pro fessed or striven for. I am proposing, as It were, that the na tions should with one accord adopt the doctrine of President Monroe as the doc trine of the world; that no nation should seek to extend Its policy over any other na tion or people, but that every people should be left free to determine its own policy, its own way of development, unhindered, un threatened. unafraid, the little along with the great and powerful. No Alliance In Concert. I am proposing that all nations hence forth avoid entangling alliances which would raw them into competitions of power, catch hem in a net of Intrigue and selfish rivalry and disturb their on affairs with Influ ences Intruded from without. There is no entangling alliance In a concert of power. When all unite to act n the same sense and with the same purpose all act in the common interest and are free to live their own lives under a common protection. I am proposing government by the oon sent of the governed: that freedom of the seas which 4n International conference after conference representatives of the United States have urged with the eloquence of those who are the convinced d Lac 1 pies of liberty; and that moderation of armaments which makes of armies and navies a power for order merely, not an Instrument of ag gression or or seirisn violence. These are American principles, American policies. We can stand for no others. And they are also the principles and policies of forward looking men and women every where, of every modern nation, of every en lightened community. . They are the prln ciptes of mankind and must prevail. J&L 1 i - V ft. "-,"5 lean enioy myself aain since Isinolooap cleared my '811111. When my complexion was red, rough and pimply, I was so ashamed that I never had any fun. I imagined that people avoided me perhaps they did But the regular use of Resinol Soap with a little Resinol Ointmtht just at first has given me back my dear, healthy skin. 1 wish you'd try it! Resinol Samp and Resinol Ointment are sold by mil drugw ffista. For samples of each, free, writ to Dept. Mi, Rss inoU Baltimore. Md. WILSON'S IDEAL COMMENDED, BUT DIFFICULTIES ARE SEEN Editors Comment on President's Striking Address, Involving Departure From Traditions and Calling for Much Consideration. EDITORIAL comment by leading newspapers of tha United States on the President's address to Con gress yesterday Included the following: St. Louis Globe-Democrat President Wilson's address to the Senate was an extraordinary event, amazing In its suddenness, spectacular In its setting, disquieting In its potentialities, admir able in its purposes. It Is either a monumental mistake or an act that will fill a flowing page In history. It Is likely to be construed as an appeal In behalf of the Teutonic powers, al though it is addressed to both alike, for it follows so closely the uncompromis ing declaration of the allies that it can hardly be considered less than a reproof of the severity of their demands. Kurope, obviously It Is our right to say upon what terms we will accept the new burden. ... Mr. Wilson's pro posals, however well they square with American theories and convictions, call for a good deal of consideration. . v e build Utopias easily In our blessed land. Practical Obstacle. Numerous. Kansas City Star In the plan for a league to enforce peace President Wil son undoubtedly has presented to the country a lofty ideal and one that must arouse the sympathetic attention of the world. While there can be no disposi tion to "take snap judgment on such a question, the Star cannot refrain from pointing out now, as it repeatedly has pointed out in the past, that the practi cal obstacles In the way of such a league are so great as to seem Insurmountable. The St. Louis Republic For two and half years Europe has been at war. There are in St. Louis great communi ties of Germans, Bohemians, Serbians, Bulgars, Greeks and Russians. Have we had any race riots? Not one. Why not? Because all are now Americans and, to Insure peace on earth, it is not necessary to have a dominant race; it is necessary only to have a dominant idea- President Wilson is seeking to do away with war by proposing to the world an agreement upon the idea which, in the United States, has made one people of 100,000,000 whose fore fathers came from every country in Europe. ENFORCED PEACE IS URGED (Continued From First Page.) the present was the last ?reat war In which the United States could be a neutral; that It no !ontrr could remain Young Men's Spring Suits I have received direct from New York a number of the very latest models for young men, in weights suitable for late Winter and early Spring. Young men who like to be among the first to don the season's new apparel are invited to see these remarkably clever examples of the tailors' art. These new clothes are very modish in fabric, color and model; among them may be noted the new Kombo suits, the coats of which may be worn either with belted or plain back; also 2 and 3-button English model, with high waistline. Shown on the Second Floor TS C fl. ixMorrison at Yova&s in the position of being "half in and half out" of world affairs. In his speech accepting his second nomination and in other public addresses he has touched upon the same sentiment which found Its full development In his ad dres today. While the United States would have no voice in what those terms might be. the President said, it would have a. voice In determining whether they should be made lasting by guarantees of universal covenant. "No covenant of co-operative peace." he said, "that does not include the peoples of the new world can suffice to keep the future safe against war, and yet there is only one sort of peace that the people of America could join in guaranteeing. The elements of that peace must be the elements that en gage the confidence and satisfy the principles of American governments, elements consistent with their political faith and with the practical convic tions which the peoples of America have once for all embraced and under taken to defend." CASCADE BILL IS NEXT OREGON CITY PREPARES FOR DE FEAT OP ANOTHER SPLIT. ties. A crowd of anti-divlsionists will probably go to Salem Thursday to at-' tend a meeting of the committee. ALASKA TO GET CANNERIES Eugene Plans Com Show. EUGENE, Or.. Jan. 22. (Special.) The agricultural bureau of the Eu gene Chamber of Commerce has been asked to consider plans for a Western Oregon corn show, to be held In Eu gene next Fall. N. R. Robb, County Agriculturist of Lane County, will out line the plan. The idea was suggested by the success of the Lane County corn Lou of Oswego Annexation Plan la Pleasing to Workers Against All Division Measures. OREGON CITT. Or., Jan. 22. (Spe cial.) Following the defeat of the Os wego annexation to Multnomah plan In the Senate this morning, the Oregon City Commercial Club and all others opposed to a split of the county are now centering their efforts on Esta cada's proposal to create ' Cascade County out of the eastern part of Clackamas. "We have still one fight before us, even though we have defeated the Os wego annexation plan." said O. D. Eby, president of the Commercial Club. "The members of the Clackamas delegation in the Legislature who are opposed to a split of the county told me over the telephone today that we should not relax our efforts. It is needless foV us to say that we are much' pleased with the Senate's vote." The bill to create Cascade County has been Introduced in the House and Is now before the committee on conn- Cold-Storage Plants Are Expected to Handle Record Output. SEWARD. Alaska, Jan. 22. Prepara tions already in progress point to the most active season in the history of salmon canning in Southwestern Alaska. A packing company, with headquar ters at Bellingham, will build a cold storage plant and a salmon cannery here. The company's boats will op erate between SewarC and Kodlak. A . salmon cannery will be constructed on the municipal dock at Valdez, and It is said that Seldovla will hae a new cannery. Klamath May Get Federal Building. KLAMATH FALLS. Or.. Jan. 22. (Special.) Klamath Vails may have a Federal building soon. A telegram re ceived Saturday from Representative N. J. Slnnott, in Congress from this district, states that the House appro priated $10,000 for the purchase of a site for a Federal building in Klamath Falls. The appropriation has yet to pass the Senate and receive the signa-t-'r of the President. Chicago Herald President "Wilson' address ... is a model of straight forward statement. ... Neither side has definitely renounced "victory, but, in spite of all that, it is well to call attention of the belligerents to the undoubted fact that the fate of perma nent peace is largely bound up in the terms of the treaties that will end this particular war. . . It is particu larly timely to admonish those Ameri cans who oppose the peace - league movement not only that it Involves no "entangling alliances," such as Wash ington had in mind, but that the sort of peace it would and could guarantee must be rooted in the best traditions of America. Both Gronps May Be Irritated. Baltimore Sun It Is a bold utterance in its assumption that peace, if it is to be lasting, must come without victory. It conceivably will Irritate both groups of contending nations. But, we fancy, neither of them will be able to ignore them, and neither of them, in view of ! the unanswerable logic of those para graphs referring to the country's Inter est In a settlement that will create a peace worth guaranteeing and preserv ing, will deny the President's right to speak. Allen's Foot-Eass for the Troops. Many war sone hospitals have ordered Allen's Foot-Ease, the antiseptic powder, for use among the troops. Shaken into the shoes and sprinkled In the foot-bath. Allen's Koot-Eau slves rest and comfort, takes the rrtctlon from the shoe, and prevents the feet s-ettlnn tired or foot-sore. Drug and Ee-r-srtment Sio: e everywhere sell It, 25c Don't accept mag sajwiituta. Try It UxUj. Issue for Those Who Paid Price. Phicago Tribune Considering the sacrifices being made by the peoples of Europe, we can hardly fail to sym pathize with the view, not infrequently expressed abroad, that the terms of whatever peace is arrived at are a mat ter strictly for those who have paid the price. We assume, therefore, that Mr. Wilson's suggestions, which would otherwise seem Intrusive and premature, are advanced upon some clear intima tion that they would be timely. If it Is determined that we are able to be invited, to balp keen the peace of The Worcester Telegram (Mass.) Somebody may yet find an excuse for President Wilson rushing into the lime light with a banner signifying that he is willing to pawn the United States to buy peace for the world, but in the meantime there will be a chance to in form the President that he is not elect ed to pledge the peace and dignity of mis country to start a theoretical peace for the world. Des Moines fla.) Register Looked at from a practical standpoint, bearing In mind what has taken place In our mili tary policy and in the thought of the people, as well aa what has taken place In Europe, the question before the United States Is not whether we shall forsake our isolation but whether we shall forsake it on the side of peace or the side of war. President Wilson has spoken for peace. He has uttered the sentiments which those who have seen what the United States was rushing Into have boped be -would utter. A WONDERFUL YEAR! To the Policy-holding Owners of The Prudential Insurance Company of America: During 1916 your Company issued OVER FIVE HUNDRED AND NINETY-ONE AND ONE-HALF MILLION DOLLARS of Paid-for life insurance at the' lowest expense-rate in your Company's history. This is the largest year's business ever paid for by The Prudential. The gain in insurance in force was $283,000,000. Although your Company is but forty-one years old, you are now the holders in force of OVER total insurance .of 15,000,000 policies representing a THREE BILLION DOLLARS. Since your Company was organized it has paid to its policyholders the great sum of $428,000,000, including more than $28,750,000 not called for in any way by the policy contracts. The 1916 payments to policyholders were over $47,278,000. This wonderful growth and these remarkable figures reflect anew the confi-' dence the insuring public has in The Prudential, and area reindorsement of its -;aims, its .achievements and its service. f) IS in .President. i scini.wissW Ihm 1m flhc Sis Jrmtm Hsme Office, Newark, N. J. Branch Offices ia AO LaadjBf Goes