19
THE 3IORNIXG OREGOXIAN,, WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 10, 1917.
mt flawiYrtittait
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POBTLAM), WEDNESDAY, J AX. 10, 1917.
THE GOVERN OR'S MESSAGE.
One does not have to read through
several columns of greetings, con
gratulations and administrative re
view to find the meat in the Governor's
message. It is devoid of extraneous
material and in that respect It is
somewhat novel. This much must be
admitted even by those who do not
approve its recommendations.
In the main the Governor's advice
to the Legislature Is pertinent and
sensible. In some particulars it is
courageous, for a few of the suggested
measures for curtailment of expendi
tures invite vociferous objections, be
cause they tread on their toes, of of
ficials and Institutions entrenched
behind custom and state tradition.
Some of the good recommendations
will not be heeded. It is ever so. The
wholly . proper suggestion that the
Legislature cut Its own expenses fell
' yesterday on the ears of a body that
had already begun business along the
old lines.
The message Is devoted In consider
able part to this subject of retrench
ment. The Governor's proposals, as
he admits, may be largely modified
and revised, but they are a good work
ing basis. We could, ourselves, sug
gest an Important item or two that
might be added to them. Consolida
tion of commissions and offices could
attain a broader scope, for one thing,
without Impairment of state functions.
The Governor's proposed reductions
amount to $461,000.' It is necessary
either to eliminate some $715,000 or
provide additional revenues. The
Governor proposes an Increase in in
heritance taxes and in the tax on in
surance premiums to make up the
deficit. We would cut the entire
$716,000 from the budget and, if more
revenues were available, apply them
to road construction or some other
Imperative need.
There is reason in the Governor's
recommendation that there be a
greater centralization of authority
over state institutions. In control of
the penitentiary, for example, the
Governor's voice is no more author
itative than that of Secretary, of State
or State Treasurer. Yet if there is
failure in administration of that in
stitution the Governor, who is ex
ecutive head of the state in name but
not in fact, gets all blame. This is but
one illustration.
The Governor is elected with all the
solemnity that attaches to the selec
tion of a leader. Discussion as to his
executive qualities produces tons of
literature and loud trumpetings In all
the halls of the state. But he cannot
lead in fact, because in apparent fear
that his leadership might not justify
the people's confidence, his authority
is divided among other officials whose
qualities as leaders have not been in
Issue. The people do some queer
things, but nothing queerer than
blaming a Governor for not doing
something that they are wholly re
sponsible for his not doing.
The Governor's recommendations
(concerning employment of peniten
tiary Inmates at construction of a new
. prison unquestionably is sound. His
suggestion for limitation of appeals to
the Supreme Court is In the interest
of poorer litigants, as well as of the
overburdened Supreme Court, and is
not antagonistic to true justice.
His urgency of a sterilization law,
applying to the feeble-minded. Is fear
less, if nothing more may be said con
cerning it, though we think a good
- deal may be uttered in commendation.
Sterilization has been defeated by pop
ular vote. We shall await expectantly
the criticism that this recommenda
tion Is in defiance of the rule of the
people. The chances are it will come,
too, from some flagrant offender in
the resubmission of revolutionary or
experimental legislation, otherwise
known as a ."friend" of direct legisla
tion. But, as we are frequently re
minded, no issue is settled until it is
settled right. Why the pestiferous
"friends" should be entitled to ex
elusive use of the latter argument is
beyond comprehension.
There Is much in the Governor's
message to be heeded and much to
be seriously and carefully considered
It comes from one who is in close
touch with state affairs and there are
serious economic and other problems
confronting members who are not so
familiar with them. Self-sufficiency
Is a common fault of legislators. Yet
the very method of legislation, con
fined as It is to forty days and en
trusted to men chosen from near and
remote sections of the state, bespeaks
the need for wise counsel from one
equipped to give it.
BONDS FOR ROADS.
There was introduced in both houses
at Salem yesterday a bill, adoption of
which will insure that Oregon may
fully avail itself of the Federal road
funds apportioned to this state.
The Government money that may be
expended in Oregon for rural post
"roads In the next five years exceeds
.$1,000,000. In addition there will be
available in the same period $638,970
rtof Government money for construc
tion of roads and trails within or part
ly within the National forests of Ore
gon. To acquire these funds Oregon must
appropriate dollar for dollar. If It
falls to do so the Government funds
will be expended elsewhere. By pro
viding $1,800,000 for road construction
in the next five years Oregon will get
$3,600,000 worth of roads.
The bill introduced at Salem is a
form of emergency law. There are
limitations on state taxation that may
make it impossible to meet the Gov
ernment allotments. In the event tax
or other road revenues are not suf
ficient, and only in that event, the
Board of Control is authorized by the
bill to Issue bonds to make up the
deficit.
In other words, passage of the bill
a
(
may not mean that bond3 will bo Is
sued. It only means that they will
be issued in event the' proceeds from
their sale are necessary to duplicate
the Government appropriation.
There is no question as to the legal
authority of the Legislature to provide
for issuance of such bonds. There is
some doubt as to fhe validity of
every other method proposed for
increasing road funds. It seems to
The Oregonlan to be a sensible pro
cedure, in fact one that is demanded
by the exigencies of the road fund
situation.
GIVING THE3I A REASON.
Representative Anderson, who fath
ered the present year-old dry law
passed by the Legislature of 1915, has
been placed in a position of similar
responsibility as chairman of the
House committee on alcoholic traffic.
Dr. Anderson has given needed relief
to a great many troubled spirits (we
do not use the word alcoholically) by
saying that he is opposed to the pro
posal of the ultra-drys for a Stearch-and-seizure
clause.
Search and seizure is an after
thought of the radicals. They are not
content with abolishing the saloon,
with stopping the manufacture and
sale of liquor and now with prevent
ing its importation. They aspire to
loftier levels of reform. They aim
now at individual custom or habit and
would stop drinking by anyone in any
quantity.
Over in Idaho It Is a felony for one
to have liquor in his possession but it
is a mere misdemeanor for one to get
drunk. An Intoxicated citizen, who
had no visible whisky about him, was
convicted by a virtuous jury and sen
tenced to the penitentiary by the sa
pient Dogberry on the bench, after a
ruling that the liquor he had drunk
was undeniably in his possession.
Possibly we shall attain in Oregon
the heights of non-alcoholic purity
dreamed of in Idaho. But as a prac
tical proposition there are lions in
the path.
It is said that if the extremists suc
ceed in putting a search-and-seizure
clause In the law a great many mem
bers now favorably disposed will re
fuse to vote for the emergency clause.
The drys say that this action will be
a mere pretext or excuse. It will be
more.
It will be. a reason, and a good one.
BUTT A IX) BIXJ,.
Nothing In his life became him
like the leaving of it," said the great
est poet through the lips of young
Malcolm In Macbeth. Buffalo Bill,
calmly awaiting the final summons,
not only realizes the ideal of Shake
speare, but closes fittingly the long
chapter of heroic episodes which have
marked his life. Possibly the average
American boy, long edified by the sto
ries of Bill's encounters with the In
dians, would have preferred that he
die with his boots o; but it has been
ordered otherwise, and it is well.'
The passage of William F. Cody
removes the last of the great scouts
and plainsmen of whom the famous
Kit Carson was perhaps the earliest
and best example. He got his pseu
donym from his hunting adventures.
for it is of record that in the days
when the slaughter of bison was le
gitimate Bill killed about 6000 in
eighteen months and sold hides and
meat. He was better known as ' a
scout than as a hunter. He served
with a Kansas regiment throughout
the Civil War, and was probably in
more Indian campaigns than any
other man.
Who does not remember the most
thrilling of all exploits when Bill Cody
fought and killed Yellow Hand, the
fiery and valiant young Cheyenne
chief? The plainsman was then at
the height of his prowess, if not of
his fame. Yellow Hand, at the head
of the warlike Indians, which were
being pursued by the Fifth United
States Cavalry, rode in true cavalier
fashion from amongst his copper.
skinned braves and challenged any of
the enemy to single-handed combat.
Buffalo Bill promptly accepted the
gage, and there, on the plains, under
the blue skies and before the eyes of
many hundred Cheyennes and other
hundreds of American soldiers. Bill
shot to death the Indian, after his own
horse had been killed. It was an
exploit which fashioned the plot of
a thousand dime novels.
Buffalo Bill was not in any sense
a bad man, as many dead-shots, usual
ly known as Wild Bill, were. But he
lived by his physical courage and by
his expertness with the rifle. In after
life he was a showman, and a good
one.
The plains are not what they were
The last frontier has given way to the
farm, the schoolhouse and the church
The wickiup has been banished to the
reservation, and the Indian follows
peacefully horse and plow. The cow
boy and his chaps are seen now chief.
ly at rounds-ups, and Buffalo Bill
shoots glass balls before peaceful and
admiring thousands. One may be
pleased that it is so, but nevertheless
there will be regret that the pictur
esque frontiersman has told his story
ana passed on.
PRACTICAL DIET EXrERIMTCNT.
There is promise of practical re
sults from the new diet experiment
in New York, in which a squad of
hypky young policemen will try to
demonstrate that they can live com
fortably and wholesomely upon an ex
penditure of 25 cents a day for food.
This will cut 6 cents or more from
the average established by the in
conclusive experiment conducted un
der the direction of Dr. John Dill
Robertson in Chicago, and at the same
time . will be based upon a class of"
men of high physical development and
presumably well-developed appetites.
If they can be fed four days for $1,
it will be concluded that the case of
the "average man" is not at all as
hopeless as some persons would have
us believe.
A far more encouraging showing
than any other recently made public.
however, is made by the report of the
Indian Bureau of the United States
upon the cost of feeding grown stu
dents at the Carlisle school. In the
year recently ended the school suc
ceeded in giving good, wholesome food
at a rate for the individual of 16 2-3
cents a day, $1.17 a week, or a little
more than $5 a month. The advan
tage of buying in large quantity, at
course, was present, as will be shown
by the amounts of some of the com
modities that figure in the total.
There are, to begin with, 527'students.
Certified and itemized records show
that these consumed on a regular day,
of three meals, 900 pounds of bread,
880 pounds of beef, eighteen pounds
of butter, eighty pounds of flour,
thirty-five bushels of potatoes, twenty
five gallons of milk and other articles
in due proportion. There Is no evi
dence of dissatisfaction on the part
of the students, the annual cost of
whose subsistence Is calculated to
have been $60.63. The secret of this
economy la probably revealed In the
sentence from the report which says
that this result has been accomplished
"only by careful and exact calculation
and the absolute elimination of waste."
A fine farm Is operated In connec
tion with the school, but any criticism
as to the insufficiency of the figures
is forestalled by the statement that all
the products of the farm that were
used on the table were charged against
the Institution at the prevailing mar
ket price in that locality. This was
profitable both ways, because it in
sured the students good quality and
at the same time created a market for
the farm products in which the mid
dleman was absolutely eliminated.
Nevertheless, the Carlisle school seems
to have solved an important problem,
since the reduction of the cost of liv
ing to $1.17 a. week, even upon the
basis of a group system, must be re
garded as an Important achievement.
The students maintained good health
and many of them were employed In
industrial occupations. Their dietary
needs probably are not far from those
of an average family, in which some
of the members are employed at man
ual labor and others at sedentary or
Indoor occupations.
The Indian school also has solved
to a substantial extent the problem
of the cost of clothing, but In this
respect the example will not be so
valuable to the ordinary citizen. The
students are clothed at a cost to the
Government of $28.43 annually, which
covers all clothing shoes, uniforms,
undergarments, hats and shop over
alls. The average man is fortunate
who can clothe himself for $5 or $6
month, and not many, succeed in
doing so. It is also of academic in
terest that the entire cost to the Gov
ernment of the support of -an Indian
student is $210. This Includes his
education, medical and dental atten
tion, physical and military training
and -entertainment. Another item is
transportation to and from their dis
tant homes. This would be deducted
from any comparative figures as to
the cost of living for a family. The
result gives some hope, as also will
the experiment conducted by the New
York policemen, since it has been
made to appear recently that what is
needed is not a demonstration that the
family can live on .'40 cents, or even
31 cents, a day for each person for
food, but on some amount that is
within an earning capacity of many
heads of families that makes even
these figures Impracticable. When we
begin even to approach $60 a year
per person for a wholesome diet, we
can say that we have a message for
a large class of persons to whom the
higher figures are not even theoret
ically Interesting.
THE MHAKNNIAI, TIES.
Henry M. Lamon, head husband
man of the Government farm in Mary
land, told the exhibitors at a recent
poultry show in New York that the
hen of the future would have white
plumage, yellow legs, red ear lobes
and a moderate-sized comb. Also It
will have as much meat on Its body as
a Wyandotte or a Plymouth Rock. In
its laying qualities it will resemble a
Leghorn.
Unfortunately for , an impatient
world, Mr. Lamon does not Indicate
the approximate date of the arrival of
this prodigy, which is of course what
we have long been looking for a fowl
combining the laying qualities of the
Mediterranean type with the pot-pie
qualifications of the Asiatic.
But the wonder Is that he has not
been driven from his all-purpose am
bitions by 'the discouragements of
every man who ever attempted to de
velop the all-purpose breed in any
other department of husbandry. The
all-around horse Is yet to be found,
after all these years, and we are still
a long way from having bred the cow
whose male descendants will be as val
uable for beef as his sisters are for
production of butter or cheese.
As a matter of fact, we have not
even attained the type that is as val
uable in a country of condenseries as
it would be where the creamery Is
the vogue.
CBAW EtETATORS ARE NEEDED.
Public attention is directed to Port
land's need of Improved facilities for
shipment of grain by Mr. Hegardfs
report on the changes which are mak
ing in methods of grain handling. The
days of sacked wheat stored in in
terior warehouses, shipped to- the
Coast In open cars, again stored In
warehouses and then loaded in sacks
on sailing ships for the long voyage
around Cape Horn to Europe have
passed away. Elevators are being
built in the grain belt to handle wheat
and other cereals in bulk, rail trans
portation in bulk has begun and
elevators have been built at Seattle
and Vancouver, B. C. for loading In
bulk on board ships. The higher price
of sacks and the difficulty of obtain
ing them have called the attention of
farmers to the fact that, since the
opening of the Panama Canal and
with the rapid passing of the sailing
ship, sacking is no longer necessary
and has become a needless expense.
Sacking of grain was made neces
sary by the manner in which It was
exported. Grain was loaded on sail
ing vessels which were often becalmed
for many days In the tropics, during
which period the grain .would "sweat."
Thence the ships passed through the
almost Arctic seas of Cape Horn,
where there was danger that storms
would shift a bulk cargo, then north
ward to pass again through the tropics
before they entered the temperate
zone in the North Atlantic. Even had
there been no danger of "sweating,"
methods of stowing cargo were not
so well perfected that men were will
ing to risk loss of crew, cargo and
vessel by the listing of the ship In a
storm.
Change has at least minimized these
considerations so greatly that they no
longer control. The Panama Canal
has reduced the time which a ship
spends in the tropics and has elimi
nated the perilous passage around
Cape Horn. Grain is loaded more and
more in steamships, which can pro
ceed in calm or wind. Sailing ships
are built with auxiliary, engines, which
keep them moving in calms. Shifting
boards are used to make a bulk
cargo safe. The transition from sack
to' bulk shipment is now mainly . a
matter of providing port facilities for
loading grain on shipgoard In the lat
ter shape and of overcoming the
proverbial conservatism of the farmer.
It is probable that the latter will
abandon sacks as fast as the ports
provide facilities for bulk shipment.
Portland must move promptly and
effectively to meet this new situation,
for upon such action depends its posi
tion as the 'leading wheat-shipping
port of the Pacific Coast. Mr. Hegardt
shows that about 35.000,000 of the
60,000,000 bushels of wheat produced
In the three Pacific Northwest states
come from territory where Puget
Sound competes with Portland for the
business. Railroad rates being equal,
this wheat will come to the port
which provides the best and cheapest
means of export. Already Seattle baa
taken the lead In flour exports . In
consequence of Its superior steamship
service. Unless Portland moves quick
ly and In the right direction. It may
lose Its supremacy as a wheat port.
The burning of several of our old
style grain docks has made the erec
tion of new ones necessary and has
furnished the opportunity to make
them fit the new conditions. As the
city has undertaken to provide dooks
by issuing bonds for the purpose and
by establishing the Dock Commission,
It Is proper that this body erect elevat
ors at public expense. Issue of bonds
for this purpose is not open to the same
objection as would be a bond issue
for Improvements which yield no rev
enue. A public elevator, properly con
structed and managed, would be an
investment which should earn the
cost of operation and Interest on Its
cost. While It would be advisable
to provide at the outset a site large
enough to leave ample room for ex
pansion, the buildings could be erected
In units as the grain business grew.
There is no reason to expect that the
present famine of ships and rail ship
ment of our export surplus will con
tinue beyond two years at the most.
At the expiration of that period we
may look for abundance of ships and
an Increased foreign demand for
wheat. If the Dock Commission were
to move now. It could probably not
complete the first unit of elevators
sooner than this revival of wheat ex
ports began.
Scarcity of rubber and the necessity
for employing the available supply in
the prosecution of the war has taxed
the Ingenuity of German manufactur
ers to find material for bicycle tires.
and they have met with some success,
although the item of cost is still se
riously to be taken into consideration.
Wooden tires have been developed
that are better than no tires, but they
are not completely successful unless
shock absorbers are attached to the
fork of the front wheel, and this In
creases the cost. Leather and canvas
covered tires also are used, and are
made more durable by attaching small
bits of steel to the wearing Burface.
Another tire that is meeting with a
considerable degree of favor is com
posed of two parts, the inner part
being solid and filled with a prepara
tion resembling rubber. The effect
Is to give the tire sufficient elasticity
so that it can be used without shock
absorbers, but the cost Is considerable.
The substantial result of all the ex
periments made has been to demon
strate that the true rubber substitute
is Btlll far off aud that rubber will
come back Into use again as soon as
it Is available.
There are still several things which were
taxed In the Civil War which have not yet
been harnessed by Mr. Wilson and his party.
Among them we may mention all manufac
turers, physicians.' pedlers. lawyers, hotels
and rock and coal oil; We offer this supple
mentary list without opinion one war or the
other, belns; merely- anxious to help the
Administration out of its difficulties with as
little discomfort to the country as possible,
New York Sun.
Just think of the possibilities pre
sented by railroad and theater tick
ets and by the poor man's tea and
coffee. The great Democratic at
tempt to put sugar on- the free list
has been only temporarily abandoned.
The billion-dollar Congress was a piker
in comparison with Its present suc
cessor. Those Pacific Coast ports which fall
to be selected as a naval base will at
least have the satisfaction of knowing
that some high officers of the Navy
have gained direct knowledge of their
merits. We should hear no more from
Washington about ships not being per
mitted to enter the Columbia River
lest they run aground. The Naval
Base Commission could not find the
bar at the river's month, and it would
have difficulty in finding the bars In
the channel. About the time when
the state went dry the river went
very wet.
The motorshlp Oregon, being named
after this state, owned by an Oregon
corporation, built with Oregon mate
rial and hailing from Portland, should
be made a means of expanding Ore
gon trade. Her owners are willing to
use it In carrying Oregon goods to
Alaska, If Portland merchants will
supply the cargo and find a market
for It. It is not too much to ask. The
same opportunity has lain neglected
for many years; will Portland at last
seize it?
Wilson "stalled" yesterday when he
told the delegation that visited him
for another purpose that he was lead
er of a party that had not indorsed
suffrage. Four months ago he might
not have said as much.
There Is no closed season on fight
ing in Roumania. That unhappy
country got into the war just In tim
to furnish occupation "for- the Teuton
armies during the closed season on
the main fronts.
The 16-year-old girl who left Port
land in August to escape drudgery
and went to Los Angeles with an Ital
ian does not realize she will drop into
worse aruagery wnen oiaer.
The new officials of Halfway are
more patient than those of Jefferson
County, or they would not have waited
till the City Attorney brought back the
key of his office.
. Wliile there Is no civil service In
county employment, qualified men
must be kept on their jobs. Reap
polntment of Mr. Yeon is a 'good
start.
Senator Smith's bill to reduce sal
aries of Circuit Judges is a startling
innovation. The general Idea was that
Legislatures always increased pay.
Trousers and underclothes with
small waistbands are now the fash
ion In Europe, and waists threaten to
grow smaller as v waste progresses.
Perhaps the East is effete, but In
New Hampshire a wife-murderer has
been found guilty and the Jury recom
mended capital punishment.
In concluding to go to prison and
not appeal, Caplan shows wisdom. The
earlier he begins time the sooner he
gets out.
If Mr. Lawson knows all that he
says he does, the wondef grows that
one small head can hold so much.
Twenty skunks from Pennsylvania
are at Albany. Nothing personal Is
intended these are real animals.
Brother Tufts is needed In Dakota,
where the Sunday-closing question
needs an energetic man of peace.
There -ought to be somebody who
can give Tom Lawson the third de
gree. Buffalo BUI la looking for -"sign."
How to Keep Well
By Dr. W. A. Etu
Questions pertinent to hygiene, sanitation
and prevention of disease. If matters of gen
eral interest, will be answered In this col
umn. Where space will not permit or the
subject is not suitable letters will be per
sonally answered, subject to proper limita
tions and where stamped addressed envelope
Is Inclosed. Dr. Evans will not make diagnosis
or prescribe for Individual diseases. Re
quests for such services cannot be answered.
(Copyright, 11. r Dr. W. A, Evans.
Published by arrangement with the Chicago
Tribune.)
EXERCISES FOR 1VIXTEH.
TWO months ago the publlo health
servloe began one of Its health
news letters with this Illustration: "Dog
fanciers have long noted that when a
house dog begins to get fat and wheezy
it Is apt to be attacked by a stubborn
skin disease. In such a case they cut
down the diet and Increase the open
air exercise, thus relieving the over
burdened body of poisonous sub
stances." There are nicer comparisons,
but none more apt than this.
Human animals have been housed for
two months now. They are getting fat
and flabby. Many of them have noticed
that they are. getting short of wind.
Some are noticing that they are getting
wheezy their wheezlness they call
asthma. More of them have noticed
stubborn skin eruptions.
If they had masters something would
happen. They would be put on short
rations. Less meat and less fat would
be given. They would get more col
lards, spinach, turnips, beets, potatoes
and fruit. v
A way would be found to make them
take more exercise and to get more
fresh air. It is scarcely feasible to put
man to chasing rabbits, but good
substitutes can be found. One of these
substitutes Is skating. Skating is the
ideal exercise for midwinter. It takes
one into the open air. ine exercise is
good for the wind and for endurance,
It builds up the muscles. It cultivates
control by the nerves and co-ordination.
It is sport and- has all the ad
vantages of competition and play com
blned.
Another substitute for chasing rab
bits Is walkins: in the snow with snow
shoes or without. People who waltf
with uncovered faces In enow storms
rarely complain of pimples and black
heads. Pitching horseshoes, while -not so
pleasant as later in the season, can still
be classed as a Winter sport, especially
in those sections where the ground is
not covered by snow. It trains the
muscles and cultivates controL It has
in It the necessary elements play and
competition.
A form of indoor sport adapted to
Winter conditions is bowling. It de
velops the muscles and cultivates co
ordination and nerve control. Unfor
tunately, the air in bowling alleys Is
often bad. The great objection to bil
liards is the almost uniform bad ven
tilatlon in billiard parlors.
Diphtheria and Baby.
J. F. writes: "Which Is the safes
way to save the baby from the dlph
therla? Wo have a 17-months-old girl
How can we keep her In good health?
REPLY.
Keep her awey from other children as
much as possible until aha Is 3 years old
Whatever her age, keep her away from chil
dren with sore throat of any and every
kind. Make a fresh-air slrl of her. Have
her sleep In a well-ventilated room. Have
her play In the open air every fair day,
There Is a vaccination known as the Von
Behrlns method. It Is fairly aatlsfsctory.
I think the health department will vaccinate
her If you ask.
Wash Baby's Month.
C. F. T. writes: "My five-weeks-old
baby's tongue is coated. I understand
it Is not good to wash a baby's mouth
the first year. Please let me know If
this is serious and what can be dona
Could this be caused by rubber nipple
on bottle7"
BEPtT.
If your baby's mouth needs -washing;, wash
It. It la much more necessary to wash th
baby's mouth durlns the first yesr than In
any other year. Especially Is this true If
the baby takes condensed milk or baby
foods.
Spitting.
De W. writes: "'Spitting habit' may
be "better," I doubt it. There's much
more spitting, due, perhaps, to th
great Increase in catarrh and like all
ments. For a permanent exhibition of
the spitters' make nothing can surpass
the 'ramp' or Inclined walk to th
'concourse' In the Hudson terminal.
The cement Is well spotted and but
little Is done to clean the walk of th
scats. But we must not blame th
commuters, whose dally rides through
the dusty tubes make spitting an act
of self-preseryatlon."
- REPLY.
For several years I have made It a custom
periodically to count ths spit marks on
certain strip of pavement. I think ths habi
Is lessenlns. I note now thatytho number of
spit marks msde by persons with bronchitis,
coug-hs and colds (probably eonsumptlon
possibly pneumonia) are fewer. Most of the
spit marks are saliva mads the products o:
smokers. I Judge.
Red Spot on Fare.
M. T. writes: "I have had a red spot
on my face for about two years.
Itches at times and a small Bcab forms.
It Is growing larger. Do you think it
needs attention?"
REPLY.
Myadvlce Is that you leave if alone. From
such places when persistently Irritated can
cer )s liable to develop. If you must do
something have It removed either by opera
tion or by carbonlo acid snow, or have
treated with radium. X-rays, or light.
Books on Infanta' Care.
C. A. writes: "Can you tell me where
to write for a free booklet on 'How to
Care for Infants"? Can you suggest
any other book besides 'Dr. Holt's Care
and Feeding of Children' T"
REPLY.
Write to the Children's Bureau. Depart
ment of Labor, Washington, D. C. Also ask
for "Pre-Natal Care."
Bran Not Harmful.
Lafiln writes: 'T have been takln
bran with milk every night and find
beneficial. I have, however, been latel
told that this bran fills the appendi
and later causes appendicitis. Is this
true?"
REPLY.
No.
Pensions for Soldiers' Widows.
PORTLAND, Jan. 9. (To she Editor.
Please Inform me If there has an
law been made in the past year to in
crease the pension of widows of of
ficers and soldiers of the Civil War.
READER.
Pensions of soldiers' widows more
than 70 years old were Increased to $20
a mentis.
FISH ARB ITrXTRED BY HANDLING
Few Released Trout or Salmon Arc
Able to Reach Cpper Itosrae.
ASHLAND, Jan. 7. (To the Editor.)
-There are a few points to this fish
controversy In the Rogue River Valley
here that must bo taken Into consid
eration, as there are two sides to every
question.
For 40 years the settlers In Rogue
River Valley and Its branches, if they
wanted a salmon, went down to the
river with spear or gaff and took what
they wanted, and did no barm to the
trout or other fish; it Is true they did
not make their living by commercial
fishing, but they did clear up the coun
try, build the roads and bridges and
make the valley what It Is, and they
own several hundred miles of - land
along the river and Its tributaries. It
is hard for them to understand that It
not special privilege) for one man
with a little strip of land, at the mouth
of the river, to have the right with
seines to catch nearly all of the sal
mon that come Into the river.
With the salmon, the steel head and
other trout are also pulled out. Grant-
ng that the trout are all thrown back
Into the water, the pounding they get
by the heavy fish and with the sand
hey get In their gills and the handling
they get In being thrown back, they
are put In such condition that very few
ever see the upper river. A few steel
head with fungus growths about the
head and gills, caused by handling,
can be seen In some of the dead water
of the upper river. The man who
takes a salmon with a spear takes the
fish he Is after and disturbs nothing
else, but under the present laws. If he
does take one salmon he will have a
heavy fine to pay and his fish Is taken
from him, although he may own twice
the river frontage that the special
privilege man at the mouth of the river
does. If he wants salmon for break
fast his only alternative is to hitch up
and drive to town and get a piece of
salmon at the market that was caught
out of his river, shipped to Portland
or Seattle, and reshlpped Into the
Rogue River Valley and sold at a high
price.
The Medford editor who takes a stand
a sportsman. Is all right and we
want thousands more of them to whip
their flies on the Rogue, but the man
who tolls all day in the field and wishes
to step down to the river and spear a
salmon for breakfast, should have his
rights also. As to the financial side of
the question, more money is invested
for fishing tackle and all that goes
with the sport up the river than there
is at the mouth of the river.
Many wealthy residents of the valley
were attracted hero by the good fishing
and many more will come and the thir
ty thousand people in this valley will
not allow the fish to be destroyed
where they enter the narrow river.
here the conditions are totally differ
ent from salmon fishing on the large
rivers. ' ' E. T. MERRILL.
BEX Ii. XORDEX AS A DEMOCRAT
But His Son. Ben L.. Xorden, Was and
Is a Republican.
PORTLAND, Or, Jan. 9. (To the Ed
itor.) "To err Is human; to forgive
divine." I very much fear that I shall
have to classify The Oregonlan with
the genus homo, while I adopt for my
self, if for but a passing moment, one
of the divine tributes. The Oregonlan
has been delivered at my home every
morning for the last 50 years, but I
have not been fortunate enough to
have been a reader throughout the en
tire period. One of the features or
your publication which dally attracts
my attention Is your column entitled
In Other Days," wherein is reprinted
the news of 25 and 50 years ago. Very
often I have read in that column of my
father's activities during the forma
tive period of this city's growth.
Yesterday morning there appeared.
under the caption "Twenty-five Years
Ago," a list of names of the gentle
men selected by the old Tammany So
ciety as representatives to the state
convention of Democratic societies, and
among those names was that of my
father. Ben I. Norden. That news item
was originally printed just one day be
fore my 13th birthday.
You can Imagine my surprise when
this morning I discovered your edi
torlal devoted to "Six Democrats." and
my sincere regret that your declara
tion that "all of them are yet happily
alive and well" was far from true. Ln
doubtedly the identity of names caused
the error. My father never forsook
the Democratic party. He helped to
fight the battles of that party In Ore
gon from the very day this state was
admitted to the Union. He was a Dera
ocrat every inch of him. He thought
he was right, and triat made him right
in his own eyes. And when ho went
to his last sleep In 1898 he was mill
staunch and true to the political faith
of his early manhood.
In 1900 I attained my majority. My
father had always taught me the great
American principle of political and re
llglous tolerance and permitted me to
decide tny own political affiliation. My
first vote was cast for William Mo-
Klnley and every successive vote since
that time has been cast with the Re
publican party, I am Ben I Norden,
whom the Republican voters of this
county have twice elected to office.
Back In the late "70s my father was
also twice elected to public office, but
as a Democrat always a Democrat.
But mark you thlsl Neither my father
nor myself was ever accused before
of "back sliding" or ""flopping." He
thought he was right 60 years ago.
feel certain that I am right (politically)
today, and I hope that when 1 have
reached the end of my allotted days
I may, like my dear old daddy, go
down Into the valley of the shadow
loyal and true to mv colors.
BEN L. NORDEN, M. D.. LL. B.
WHES LEGISLATOR IS INELIGIBLE
Conrts Net Likely to Interfere With
Decision of Fellow Members.
HOOD RIVER. Or.. Jan. S. (To the
Editor.) Can a man be legally seated
in the Oregon Legislature who holds,
a remunerative office in the United
States Army a captain's commission
in the Federated militia?
This is a question which Is very
pertinent In tho minds of a number of
Hood Elver people at this time.
On page 23 Oregon Blue Book, constl
tution of the State of Oregon, unUer the
head of lucrative offices, we find this
statement:
"No person holding a lucrative office
or appointment under the United States,
or under this state, Khali be eligible to
a seat in the Legislative Assembly."
Tho law closes with the statement that
where the compensation does not exceed
$100 per annum itvshull not be deemed
lucrative.
The counties of Hood River and
Wasco have elected a man as joint
Senator who Is a captain In the Con
Guard Artillery, which position to the
best information that we have at hand,
dbvi A salary of $600 a year.
I and many of the readers of The
Oregonlan in Hood River and Wasco
counties would like an opinion frim
you on this matter. ROY D. SMITH
The constitution declares such a per
son ineligible to sit in the Legislature
and it also vests each house with au
thority to determine, the qualifications
of its members. Probably the Legis
lature could seat a constitutionally
Ineligible member without successful
con tro ven tion.
The courts might restrain the placing
of an ineligible person's name on the
ballot or later restrain delivery to
him of a certificate of election, but
they are not likely to Interfere with i
legislative decision made afi-r a mem
Iter has presented his credentials. In
other words the Senate can winlt at
the constitution in this case, if the
facts are as utrfted, or It can deny the
member his seat.
In Other Days
Half a Cestsry Ago.
From The Oregonlan of January 10, 1S6T.
Wo are In receipt of a codt of ths
Portland directory for 1S67. a book of
145 pages. The directory is decidedly
an Improvement over those of former
years.
The special canvassers for tha Port
land directory return the population as
boos, while a year ago It vra esti
mated at C0C8.
Washington. Jan. . Dr. SXudd.
Spangler and Arnold, the assassination
conspirators. It Is not Improbable, will
do iiDerateo. In consequence of the
decision of the Supreme Court and
brought from Dry Tortugaa and deliv
ered to the custody of a civil tribunal.
Jefferson City. Jan. S. The Missouri
Senate yesterday ratified the consti
tutional amendment by a vote of SC
to S.
One of the results of the lite Cath
olic fair at Oro Fino Hall Is that the
church building Is now being sur
rounded by a neat and substantial
enclosure.
Twenty-five Years Ago.
From The Oregonlan of January 10. 1S02.
Canton. O., Jan. 9. Governor-elect
McKinley left this morning In a special
car for Columbus and the inaugura
tion. He will be Inaugurated Monday.
Berlin, Jan. 9. The Reichstag this
week will debate the bill for the re
pression of drunkenness. The Bundes
ratli has approved the measure as orig
inated by Emperor William.
The horrors of the famine In Russia
and the attempts of the generous peo
ple of the United States to do some
thing in behalf of the starving people
is a subject that attracts the attention
of e'very philanthropist.
The purchase of a block of ground
between Hawthorne avenue and U
street on East First street by R. M.
Wade means the establishment of a
lartje investment on the Kast Side.
San Francisco. Jan. 9. The harbor
fortifications in the course of con
struction at Fort Winfield Scott will
soon be supplied with an armament of
large, new guns and carriages.
MADAME nrBB DESOtXCES
FASHIO.v.
At meeting of the Women's Club,
above McAdam's store, Madame Eu
genia Myrtle Grubb asked leave to take
tho floor. She said, in voice of angry
ring, by fashion's fool decrees the la
dles' skirts the coming Spring would
scarcely hide the knees. Economy was
now the cry, since women had to pay
price for fabrics 'twas so high it
took the breath away, and it was ter
rible to think that skirts would be cur
tailed till modesty was on the blink
because of limbs unveiled. Necks now
were cut dc-col-l-tay among the upper
push until the ghastly nude display
would make an angel blush, and upper
crust society may even go so far that
such display may reach near the appen
dicitis scar. She hoped the women of
the land would rise in hostile arms
against the mad designers and conceal
their so-called charms, and as for her,
she would defy the rules of. female
wear and not appear In skirts so high
twouid cause rude men to stare. Until
she rose on wings to where they twang
the golden harps undress attire she'd
never wear to please th.? fashion
sharps. The ancient poet's rhyme she
scorned that made the silly boast that
beauty when 'tis unadorned is sure
adorned tho most. The whiskered
modistes horrid men ait like thev
fain would see the women folk at
tired again In Eve's simplicity. Her
sister clubbists well knew why sha
scoffed at fashion's whims and railed
'gainst skirts cut so hiRh the'd par
enthetic limbs, and wore a wishcone
that was quite unfit for public view;
the epidermis fit so tight the knobs
seemed wearing through, and nature,
cruelly unjust, had given to the dame
deep concavity of bust that was a
beastly shame, and not a dame upon the
floor, 'mong all assembled there, could
censure her volcanic roar 'guinst un
dress female wear.
JAMES BARTON ADAMS.
WHEN THE LEG I SL ATI' R E MEETS
When the Legislature meets
And the buoyant member greets
His returning fellow worker with a
smile,
Twouid bn hard for you to think
That before they'd time to wink
They'd be quarreling like the deuce
acrofu the aisle.
They will gather 'round in groups
And express their mirth In whoops.
As they call up some event two years
ago
But which then had made them mad
"You're another, sir, b'gad.
Mr. Speaker, put me down as voting1
nol"
He is sure he'll fight until
That appropriation bill
Is whittled down from every point of
view;
He Is "of the poorer classeo,"
He "hears the struggling masses,"
And that's the way he foels about It,
too.
But In less than 20 days
He has fallen Into ways
That at first he thought could easily
be mlseed;
And from that time on he bellows
That he thinks the other Wlows
Should eliminate their bills from off
the list.
And thus we have a tangle
That precipitates a wranplo
And the legislative fur is in the air;
And the way they sling the verbs.
The very commonwealth disturbs.
And presents a scene that's racy, rich
and rare.
But they're a pretty decent bunch
When they get the proper hunch.
And we'll overloek the many things
they say.
For, though we give them all the rope
They may want to spiel their dope.
That per cent amendment saves the
day. T. T. GKER.
What Constitutes a Stater
MEDFORD. Or.. Jon. 7. (To the Edi
tor.) I am compiling a brief historical
sketch of Medford and am in need of
the poetry in which the following
lines occur:
What constitutes a state?
bit
embattled towers, or moated walls,
men, high-minded men.
I can think of no other lines and my
library is inaccessible to me and I do
not know where to search for it In the
Carnegie local library, so I come to the
"Encyclopedia" of Oregon that It may
help me out and publish the poem with
name of author, date, etc.
S. S. PENTZ.
The correspondent has In mind an
extract from Sir William Jones "Ode In
Imitation of Alcacus" (1772):
What constitutes a state?
Not high-raised battlement or labored
mnind,
Thick walls or moated gate;
Not M;ip fair, v.ith spires and tsrrets
crow ncd.
Nn; men. h:-:h-mlnd.d mn.
Men who tt-.eir duties know.
But know tnelr rights, and knowing dare
malntsm.
And Hcwielsii law, that state's collective
will
O'er thrones and globes elate.
Sits empress, crownlus (ood, repressing Ui.