Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937, January 08, 1917, Page 8, Image 8

Below is the OCR text representation for this newspapers page. It is also available as plain text as well as XML.

    8
THE MORXIXG OREGONIAX, MONDAY, JANUARY 8, 1917.
PORIXAXD, OREGON. ''.
Entered at Portland (Oregon) Postoffloe as
second-class mall matter.
Subscription rates invariably In advance:
(By Mail.)
Iaily. Sunday Included, one year $3.00
Ijally, Sunriay Included, six months ..... 4.23
Ially, Sunday included, three months ... 2.23
Ially, Sunday Included, one month ..... ."5
Iaily. without Sunday, one year 6.00
Oatly. without Sunday, three months ... 1.75
X'aily, without Sunday, one month ...... .60
Weekly, one year l.SO
Sunda. one year 2.50
Sunday and v eekly ................... 3.30
(By Carrier.)
Dally, Sunday Included, one year 9.00
Daily, Bunda!, included, one month TS
How to Remit Send postofClce money
order, exrress order or personal check on
your local bank. Stamps, coin or currency
are at sender's risk. Give postofflcs address
in full, including county and state.
I'ostaice Rates 12 to 16 pages, 1 cent; 18
to pMKts. 2 cents; 84 to 48 pages, 3 cents;
- AO to 0 pages, 4 cents; t2 to 74 pages. 5
cents; 78 to t2 pages, tj cents. Foelgn post
age double rates
Kastern Business Office Verree A Conk
lln, Brunswl-.-k building. New York; Verree
A Gonklln, Stenger building, Chicago. San
f-rancisco representative. R. J. Bidwell, 742
Market street.
PORTLAND, MONDAY, JANUARY 8, 1918.
NOT A WATCH FT'l, WAITER.
On this anniversary day of an. historic
American victory at arms, dedicated
by custom to the memory of a great
President, let it not be forgotten that
the most signal service he rendered t6
the American people as President was
his courageous and effective resistance
to the dangerous and too popular-doctrine
of nullification.
The Southern idea, represented by
the secessionists, Calhoun and Hayne,
wasthat the states were sovereign and
had the right to resist the operation
of any Federal law ox act which they
considered an invasion of their consti
tutional rights.
i The Kentucky Resolutions (1798)
declared that the Union was merely a
compact between the states, and that
every state had a right to Judge for
Itself the measure of its powers as dis
tinct from the National authority.
The Virginia Resolutions 1799)
added that "a nullification by these
sovereignties (the states) of all unau
thorized acts done under color of that
instrument (the Federal Constitution)
Is the rightful remedy." We have had
more than one appreciative indorse
ment during the past four years of
these notable resolutions, from the
President of the United States.
In 1832, the state of South Carolina
undertook to carry the theory of nulli
fication into practical effect by an or
dinance which declared the tariff acts
of Congress null and void. It was
promulgated officially that if the Fed
eral Government undertook to lnforce
the tariff, or coerce the state. South
Carolina would proceed to organize a
separate government forthwith.
Civil war was Inevitable. President
Jackson met the crisis with vigor and
determination. He issued a proclama
tion solemnly warning the people of
South Carolina of the consequences of
their seditious act. He made ade
quate military preparation. The
United States troops were ordered to
Charleston. The nullifiers were star
tled and dismayed; and they yielded.
It is a mattr worthy of patriotic
conjecture, on this eighth day of Janu
ary, what would have been the subse
quent course of events In the United
States, and particularly what South
Carolina and other states, in sympathy
with the nullifiers, would have done,
if President Jackson had followed the
line of easiest procedure, and adopted
a policy of watchful waiting.
TTOAT GERMANY MIGHT HAVE WOS.
The war is pronounced a great
blunder on the part of Germany by
the New York Evening Post, because,
according to The New Europe, the
empire was in a fair way to obtain by
treaty in 1914 all that could be ob
tained were peace made at this time.
Britain, France and Russia were then
seeking an agreement with Germany
regarding German colonies and legiti
mate outlets for German trade in
Turkey. The Post says that treaties
are understood to have been actually
drawn, and it quotes The New Europe
as epitomizing their stipulations as
drawn from the writings of several
authorities, British, French, German
and American.
Germany was to have been recog
nized as the sole concessionaire of the
Bagdad Railroad, and France and
Britain were to have bound them
selves to build no competing lines.
Germany was to have been given a
good part of the French Congo, with
"a sort of right of pre-emption over
the Belgian Congo." In return, France
was to have been given the French
speaking portions of Lorraine, in
cluding Metz; Luxemburg was to
have been joined with Belgium in a
customs union, and Britain and Rus
sia were to have had territorial and
political concessions. This arrange
ment is said to have been ready for
Germany's acceptance when the war
began.
But Germany desired far more than
this, and It gave little more in the
near East than Germany already had,
while the proposed agreement obliged
the Kaiser to give up something which
he valued highly. Turkey was already
under German domination and the
Bagdad Railroad was already half
finished by German capital. Germany
might well expect to keep what It al
ready had In Turkey without binding
Itself not to take more, and could ex
pect to prevent its rivals from ob
taining any concessions. It wished
to make an open road to the Aegean
c Sea by pushing Austrian power to
Saloniki, and thus to form direct con
nection with Turkey. It was neces
sary that this be done before Serbia
and Greece had recovered from the
drain of the Balkan wars, had consoli
dated their alliance, had drawn Rou
mania into it or had become recon
ciled with Bulgaria. German ambi
tion in the East did not stop at Bag
dad. . . ,
It extended Into Persia, which
Russia and Britain were then divid
ing between them, and regarded that
country as the stepping-stone to India.
Through a Turkish alliance, Germany
aimed at a revival of Mohammedanism
as a militant force to undermine the
British Empire. It had designs on
T-gypt and the abortive war of the
Sultan of Darfur on the British in the
Soudan was the result of German
schemes in Central Africa. The
Chauvinists, who then shaped German
policy, far from surrendering any
part of Lorraine, desired not only the
adjoining French iron district of Briey,
but the coal and Iron of Belgium and
Northeast France, and of Russian Po
land. . By stripping their neighbors of
coal and iron, they hoped to render
the latter powerless for war and to
establish German domination firmly In
Europe. These were splendid dreams
,which far surpassed anything which
the entente powers would willingly
concede. The German chiefs may well
have regarded the large concessions
which the latter were ready to make
without firing a shot as a measure of
the ease with which much more could
be obtained by war.
If Germany were now to obtain the
terms of .peace which the Berlin
government is reported to be ready
to offer, it would be better off if it
had accepted the terms which the
entente powers were ready to make in
1914. If the empire regained its col
onies' in exchange for the evacuation
of France and Belgium, it would still
have the occupied ' Russian territory
and Balkan states to bargain with. It
might still hold out for a' kingdom
of Poland under German tutelage,
giving up only part of the proposed
grand duchyof Lithuania In return
for the Austrian territory which Rus
sia has occupied. That would still
leave the Teutons supreme in the
Balkan peninsula, and any arrange
ment regarding that area would have
to take cognizance of this fact. Russia
might be allowed to keep Armenia
without endangering Turko-German
power at Bagdad, from which the
British army is still more than 100
miles distant. ' Britain would not give
up Lower Mesopotamia as' long as the
Turkish wedge remained in Persia, and
then might hold it as a sphere of in
fluence, but might be compensated
elsewhere for withdrawal.
Were Germany to make peace on
the basis of the present military map,
it would be much better off as re
gards both territory and opportunity
for commercial expansion, than It
would have been by accepting the
allies' offer in 1914, but the gains
would not suffice to compensate for
the immense flood of blood and treas
ure which it has poured ,out. Yet
when one considers how magnificent
were the dreams of -world-empire
and by how narrow a margin they may
have failed of realization, one cannot
condemn them as utterly impracti
cable. They were worthy of an Alex
ander, a Caesar or a Napoleon.
HOME OR J ATI.?
The esteemed New York Times, be
ing far removed from the Oregon bat
tle between wets and drys, may be
pardoned the following:
Oregon, we believe, has changed from
limited to "bone-dry" prohibition, but the
disinterested obcerver who has been told
and la willing to believe that prohibition has
worked well in that state finds himself not
a little puzzled when the Mayor of so con
siderable a city as the Oregonlan Astoria, a
Mayor -lately elected by a vote of 1800 to 600,
says at a mass meeting: .
"If a man Is arrested for intoxication,
and the officer doesn't take him home to
his family, but takes him to Jail, then the
officer had better look for another Job
there and then."
The liberality and economio wtedom of the
Mayor's sentiment may be applauded by
sociologists, but it throws st queer light on
the severity of prohibition in his city.
Oregon Is not bone-dry. Not yet.
The voters have merely approved the
principle. It now remains for the
Legislature to put It Into effect if it
can. '
There may be some question, too, as
to the approval that would be given by
sociologists to Mayor Harley's promise.
The source of immediate supply is the
home; that is, if the law is obeyed
and nearly everybody asserts that it is
rarely violated. In other words, it is
unlawful to have intoxicating liquors
anywhere but in a dwelling. So, to
take the intoxicated person home is
to take him back to the bottle, provid
ed he has not already emptied it.
The saloon, to which it was once
the custom to return the drunken
man, is gone from Oregon. There
is no place for drunkards but home
or jail. Probably many of them
would prefer the ministrations of the
jailor to those they would receive at
home.
But these are only fleeting thoughts.
We are not condemning the views of
Astoria's Mayor. We are not a sociologist.
MOW BIO IS THE LOSS'
There is a wide discrepancy between
figures published by The Oregonlan as
the sum wasted by gasoline users in
Oregon because of the specific gravity
test and figures given on the same
item this week by the Oregon Voter.
Mr. Chapman discusses the subject
also In a communication published to
day. The Oregonlan's figures were pre
sented only as an estimate, after in
quiring at a proper source of such in
formation. So were Mr.. Chapman's
without a doubt. Yet The Oregonian
gives the waste at 8250,000 in 1916.
and the Oregon Voter makes It $1,737,-
500.
The higher figure is approximately
that given The Oregonian by one of
the large oil companies, which report-
ea a consumption of 3,4 50,000 barrels
of 50 gallons each in Oregon in 1916.
At one cent a gallon, which is added to
all gasoline sold in Oregon because of
the worthless specific gravity test, it
appeared that $1,725,000 was annual
ly thrown away.
But such consumption of gasoline
seemed so "high that The Oregonian
was in doubt as to the accuracy of
the estimate. It made another re
quest for figures from the same com
pany and got back the same estimate.
Then it applied to two other compan
ies for estimates, and both were so far
below the first company's estimate
that it was apparent a mistake had oc
curred somewhere.
That more than 172,000,000 gallons
of gasoline are consumed In Oregon
yearly Is incredible. It is a low esti
mate that 75 percent of the gasoline
is used by automobiles. There are
about 83,000 automobiles In Oregon.
At that rate they would consume
somewhere near ten gallons of gaso
line a day, and at an average of ten
miles to the gallon, would travel 36,
500 miles a year. That would also
mean that each car Is wearing out
five or six sets of tires a year, and
that the average auto owner is on the
go from morning till night every day.
Whatever the true figures, they are
high enough. Oregon gasoline con
sumers have been forced to squander
hundreds of thousands of dollars In
the last four years by the ill-advised
gasoline test law.
UK LP FOR THE IRRIGATOR.
Action of the Oregon Irrigation Con
gress shows that it fully feallzes that
progress In irrigation depends on fi
nancing. Much aid was given by Mr.
Keating by explaining what the bond
buyer demands and by what means
California has been able to market
bonds. The irrigator can derive help
from arnerrdments to the state law
which will make it conform to that of
California, but he needs further aid in
raising funds to equip, stock and de
velop his farm.
Apparently both the Federal rural
credit law and the state constitutional
amendment do not permit loans on
farms against which there is a lien for
irrigation, for both require first mort
gage securities. The law which is to
be passed by the Legislature putting
the amendment in effect may provide
relief without contravening the consti
tution if it can lawfully be provided
that loans may be made subject to the
lien for bonds, where water has ac
tually been delivered to the land and
where interest and installments' of the
principal due on bonds have been
promptly paid. Success of an irrigator
is mainly contingent on his ability to
secure capital with which to make
a good start.
The chief obstacle to "sale of bonds
would be removed if the Government
were to back them with its guaranty.
It is not necessary for this purpose
that the district should hand over the
work of construction to the Reclama
tion Bureau. Approval of .the plans
and estimates by the bureau, with suf
ficient supervision by ito Insure that
they woJd be carried out, should suf
fice. In this respect the Jones bill is
to be preferred to; the Chamberlain
Smith bill, as the latter would take the
matter entirely out -of 'the district's
hands. '
The bureau Has burdened the set
tlers with costs far exceeding the
original estimates in so many cases
that there Is justifiable hesitation to
place construction unreservedly in its
hands.
NO ROOM FOR A THTKD PEX.
The third sex has been brought to
the front again by Dr. Bertha Van
Hoosen, of Chicago. It is to chal
lenge the male sex in every activity of
life except parenthood. Though it. is
to be composed of those who have
suppressed their sexual Instincts, it is
to be recruited only from the female
sex. Since' neither Vhe" nor "she"
can be fitly applied to members or
this third sex, we presume the neuter
pronoun "It" is to be used in speaking
of it
Slnce members of this new sex are
to. suppress their sex instincts, why
should it Include only persons femi
nine in physical structure? Men sup
press sex, as witness celibate priests
and monks. Then why not admit
them? Presumably the Intent is to
set apart a class which is feminine in
all respects except the craving for hus
band and children. By the same rule
persons who are male In physique but
who are celibate and desire neither
wife nor offspring should be, set apart
as a fourth sex. . If we are to call
bachelor girls a sex, why not equally
distinguish males wh"o by the " same
rule should be called "old maid boys?"
Such women never can be a sex, for
the condition of their existence forbids
their perpetuation. Their ranks can
only be recruited from among the
ranks of the female sex, by selection of
the abnormal, hence by being classed
as of the third Bex they would be
classed as merely abnormal . women.'
Yet they would not be marked out as
persons who had sacrificed their nat
ural instincts to a lofty purpose, such
as religious celibates espouse. They
would merely set the gratification of
some ambition, the pursuit of some
oareer, above performance of woman's
normal functions. Only a perverted
society would do honor to such an ar
tificial sex.
The proposed artificial category
would do a great Wrong, because it
would confuse those women who set
themselves apart for noble service to
mankind with those who remain soli
tary for purely selfish reasons,', A
woman who devotes herself to accu
mulation of a fortune by building up a
big business is not fit to be mentioned
in the same category with a woman
like Jane Addams. The latter's ma
ternal instincts are not suppressed;
they are broadened beyond the rearing
of a family of her own to embrace
thousands of the poor and unfor
tunate. As much may be said of
Frances Willard, Florence Nightin
gale and others, who remained in the
highest sense womanly, though they
never were wives and mothers. They
would have scorned the suggestion of
being members of a third sex.
The after-effects of war are likely
to prove the present time peculiarly
inopportune for invention . of more
sexes than nature provided. The sadly
depleted population of Europe and the
bright fire of patriotism which the
war has set alight is more likely to
make every right-minded woman de
light in the opportunity to become a
wife and mother and do her part In
restoring the shrunken nation for
which she has suffered. In such a
nation the woman who is denied that
opportunity is likely to be regarded
with pity, while she who rejects it
may well be looked upon with con
tempt. AT TTIK EVD OF ITS STRING.
Of no less importance than the
other questions which crowd for ac
tion by Congress at the present short
session is that of reorganizing the Na
tional finances. By the happy-go-lucky
practice of spending what it
likes and then finding the money to
spend. Congress hs swelled our an
nual outgo to a total which is esti
mated by Representative Rainey to
reach 11,655.000,000 in the fiscal year
1918. This sum exceeds that which
the London Economist estimates as
the budget of any of the belligerent
nations if the war should end a year
from March 1, though the enormous
interest and sinking fund-charge for
the war debt is included. The esti
mate for Russia Is the highest 81,
600,000,000 but that is $55,000,000
less than that for the United States,
while the estimates for other leading
nations are: Great Britain, $1,200,
000,000; Germany, $1,800,000,000;
Austria-Hungary, $1,400,000,000. Our
expenditures in jeace threaten to ex
ceed those of these nations after they
shall have gone through three and a
half years of the most tremendous war
in history.
Plain common sense dictates a thor
ough overhauling of our entire system
of revenue and expenditure. The first
essential is that all unnecessary
sources of expense be cut off, the
next that the cost of necessary gov
ernmental work be reduced to the
actual value, of . the eervice rendered.
But Congress proposes to spend $45,
000,000 on draining private land ' in
the Mississippi Valley, $28,000,000 or
$30,000,060 in erecting buildings in
small towns, and villages and $10,000,
000 in starting'new river and harbor
projects, besides $30,000,000 in carry
ing on projects that have already
been started. When the Government
faces the prospect of a deficit that is
estimated anywhere from $230,000,
000 to $300,000,000, all of these ex
penditures except the last should be
cut off, and that exception could be
materially reduced without damage to
or suspension of useful work.
This time of financial stress is, how
ever, chosen for a horizontal increase
of civil service Employes, who num
ber nearly half a million. The House
has already passed a bill granting the
Increase to those at the capital, and
contemplates like action on behalf of
all others throughout the country.
Thus a further $60,000,000 would be
expended. The average salary of
employes In Washington is $1200 a
year, while the latest reliable statistics
place the average annual earnings of
employes in factories and stores at
$519, and of farmers. Including-their
entire families, at less than $600. All
of the recent advances In wages and
in the value of farm produce, taken In
conjunction with the advance in the
cost of living for salaried men, would
not suffice to make up this difference.
Any change should take the course
of rooting out the drones, incom
petents and superannuated, pensioning
off those of long service, and paying
higher salaries to & smaller number
of competent persons in their places.
Probably this change would go far to
ward saving that $300,000,000" a year
which the late Senator Aldrich said, a
business man could save on Govern
ment expenses. - But Congress even
refuses to cut off the miserably petty
graft of $250,000 for free seeds.
Though Congress has .very definite
ideas as to what it should spend, it
has very vague ideas as to where it is
to get the money. Restoration of the
Payne-Aldrlch tariff is impossible,
and, if it were possible, the limit of
revenue which can be raised from cus
toms is placed at $350,000,000. Spread
of prohibition is diminishing the reve
nue which can be obtained from taxes
on liquor. The tax on large incomes
is already as high as that which" any
civilized nation has Imposed In peace,
and reduction of exempted incomes as
low as $1000 would cause an outcry
before which the pork grabbers would
shrink, and it would not raise the
enormous sum needed. . Stamp taxes
are-a petty exaction which angers the.
people and-would reallze'the relative
ly trifling sum of $33,000.000. . In his
search for new sources of revenue.
Representatives. Rainey, of the ways
and means committee, draws' back
from some because they are utterly
inadequate, from others because Con
gress dare not use them for fear of
popular wrath.
Congress is in the position of a spend-'
thrift who Is at the end of his 'String.
So long as those expenditures which
are unavoidable and those which its
prodigality dictates kept within the
limits of the indirect taxes derived from
the tariff, and from internal taxes on
such luxuries liquor and tobacco. It
could go its way unhindered by pub
lic criticism. . So long as no need for
a large and efficient army and navy
seemed imminent, it could use our de
fenses as a means of extracting 'pork
from the treasury. Its wastefulness
has now exceeded tie. bounds of those
taxes which the people pay without
complaining because they pay uncon
sciously. It is now compelled to dig
deeper and deeper into the pocket of
each citizen. At the same time it is
called upon to give us real defense for
the great sums paid for that purpose
sums equal to those which have
enabled Germany to perform military
wonders. It does not know how to
comply with the latter demand, for it
only knows how to waste. It shrinks
tremblingly and guiltily from impos
ing more direct taxes, for it fears that
the people will turn upon it. Popular
wrath may not arise while the people
are so prosperous that they hardly
miss the money, but the wasters in
control of the Government dread what
may happen when the sting of depres
sion causes the people to consider
where each one of their diminished
dollars is going. As when . reckless
management drives a railroad into the
hands of a receiver, a reorganization
committee takes hold, so the time is
coming when a like situation will put
riew men with radically new ideas in
charge of the Nation's finances.
The strange story of Rasputin's rule
over the Czar may, when fully told,
explain events in Russia which have
seemed inexplicable. His assassination
seems at first sight to have cleared
the way for the Liberals to gain that
influence with the Czar which would
help greatly in' democratizing Russia,
but there is always the danger that a
man who is so susceptible to. such in
fluences as the Cza has proved to be
may fall under the spell of another
Rasputin.
The mystery attached to the case of
the girl who leaped from a Salem
hotel window and remained uncon
scious for many days is solved by her
explanation that she was so shocked
at finding herself in a hotel room with
a young man at an unseasonable hour
she sought the most ready way to
leave. This statement is satisfactory
all around and the matter is dropped.
The Kaiser admits to his troops that
he is fighting against destruction of
Germany, and no German will stand
for that. Under that consideration,
there can be no peace this year.
Alcohol is becoming the goat for all
human ills. It causes so many deadly
diseases that man must be a particu
larly tough animal to have survived so
many generations of alcoholism.
,. "Pitiless publicity" has at last been
turned on the Administration, and we
shall perhaps learn whether any of its
members have been flirting with the
war-brides. ,
Ashland, which, keeps a record on
tramps, finds she entertained 9890
in 1916. -This is a burden that should
not exist, but a remedy is not visible.
A Harvard professor has been placed
on the Tariff Commission, which fits
into the belief that a Democratic
tariff is a theory and not a fact.
If most men who have hallucina
tions knew they would be sent to the
asylum there would be a remarkable
number of self-cures.
Another bunch of National Design
ers says men's waists will be higher
next Fall and Winter, but "it can't be
done" on some men.
The murder mystery at Philadelphia
is developing into the' same old man-and-woman
affair about which there
is little mystery. .
Now they would supplement the
Adamson law, but they cannot supple
ment the election result, "Bunk" has
its limitations.
Every day or two there is announce
ment of the sinking of a Norwegian
steamship, yet Norway finds profit in
neutrality.
Why cannot an eclipse of the moon
be pulled off in August, when the
Oregon sky Is clear and early rising a
pleasure?
Dealers say shoes are higher, and
certainly some of the tops are, but
there is little complaint.
Pierce hangs out the "Welcome"
sign for the soldiers, with decorations
worth $2,000,000.
The Oregon men who put the "pep"
in mint will soon meet in Albany.
t
The new coins look so good that
everybody wants a lot of them.
Those frogs at Rldgefield are "soon-ers."-
How to Keep Well
By Dr, W. A. Evans.
Questions pertinent to hygiene, sanitation
and prevention of disease. If matters of gen
eral interest, will be answered in thla col
umn. Where space will not permit or the
subject la not suitable letters will be per
sonally answered, subject to proper limita
tions and where stsmped addressed envelope
Is lnolosed. Dr. Evans will not make dlagaoels
or prescribe for individual diseases. Re
quests for such services cannot be answered.
(Copyright. 1916. by lr. ' W. A. Evans.
Published by arrangement with the Chicago
Tribune.)
MEDICAL. PHILOSOPHY OP BENJA
MIN FRANKLIN.
DIALOGUE between Franklin and the
gout October 23. 1780.
Franklin Eh! O! Eh!. What have I
done to merit these cruel sufferings?
Gout Many things. You have eaten
and drunk too freely and too much in
dulged those legs of yours In their In
dolence -
Franltlin Who Is It that accuses me.?
Gout It is I. even I, the gout.
Franklin What! My enemy In per
son? Gout No, not your enemy.
Franklin I repeat It; my enemy; for
you wonld not only torment my body to
death, but .ruin my good name; you re
proach me as a glutton and a tippler;
now all the world that knows me well
allows that I am neither the one nor
the other. .
Goufe The world may think as it
pleases; it Is always complaisant to
Itself and sometimes to Its friends; but
I well know that the quantity of meat
and drink proper for a man who takes
a reasonable degree of exercise would
be too much for another who never
takes any.
How Franklin solved the high cost of
living is. told in his autobiography.
When 16 years of age he read a book by
Tryon advocating an exclusively verse
table diet.
"I made myself acquainted with Try
on's method of preparing dishes and
then proposed to my brother that if he
would give me weekly half the money
he paid for my board I would board
myself. He Instantly agreed to it, and
I presently found that I could save half
of what he paid me," he said.
"In 1746 I lost one of my sons, a fine
boy of 4 years, by the smallpox, taken
in the common way. I long regretted,
and I still regret, that I had not given
it to him by Inoculation.
Franklin more than once advocated
Inoculation, the method of vaccination
then in vogue.
He gave some good advice on malaria
as well. In 1750 he wrote to the Rev.
Samuel Johnson: "If you have not been
used to the fever and ague, let me give
you one caution. Don't imagine yourself
thoroughly cured and bo omit the uvse
of the bark too soon."
He wrote on seasickness in 1767: "If
ever you go to sea take my advjee and
live sparingly a day or two beforehand.
The siokneBs. if any, will be lighter
ana sooner over."
To William Franklin (1772) he wrote:
"The resolution you have taken to use
more exercise is extremely proper, and
I hope you will steadily perform it. It
is of the greatest importance to prevent
diseases, since the euro of them by
physic Is so precarious. ... The
dumbbell Is another exercise of the lat'
ter compendious kind."
To Dr. Barbeau Dubourg he wrote
"The exercise of swimming Is one of
the most healthy and agreeable in the
world.
In 1773 he wrote to Le Roy: "Our
physicians have begun to discover that
fresh air is good for people in the
smallpox and other fevers. I hope in
time they will find out that if does no
harm to people in health." About this
time. Franklin prepared notes for an
essay on colds and fresh air. The fol
lowing are a few extracts frdm the
notes taken for this essay:
"People think they get cold by com
lng out of such hot rooms; they get
tnem Dy being in.
"Most follies arise from full feeding.'
".Scarce any air abroad is so un
wholesome as air In a close room often
breathed."
"Costiveness occasions colds."
"A general service to redeem people
from the slavish fear of getting cold by
showing them when the danger Is not.
and that where it Is, it is in their power
to avoid it.
Remedy for Lip Sueklnsr.
Dr. T. W. B. furnishes the following
method for preventing a child from
sucking its lower lip. Stick a piece of
adhesive plaster to the skin of the
lower lip, beglnniner Just below the
vermillion border. Pull on the adhesive
strip so that the lip - rolls outward
slightly. Carry the strip over and under
the chin. Fasten It, Leave on for sev
eral days (about six). Remove with
benzine. Reapply If necessary. Continue
to reapply until the habit Is broken
(say six weeks).
. Outdoor Sleeping.
A. M. J. writes: "My little girl is
sleeping on an outdoor porch with
southern exposure, with awnings to
shield from rain. On her hammock mat
tress I have a rubber sheet, then a
Kernwood sleeping bug (wool), with
sheet inside, and over that two wool
blankets Incased In a cotton blanket
for cleanliness, and over all a rubber
blanket in the daytime. At night we
put the rubber blanket on hooks, so
there Is circulation of .air to prevent
sweating. She wears outing flannel pa
jamas, a wrapper, hocks, and wool
hood with cape to hold it down under
wrapper. In your Judgment Is that the
proper way to clothe and wrap her for
W inter weather? It Is Impossible for
me to bring her bed clothes In daytime.
Do you think they will collect damp
ness? They feel dry to the touch even
on rainy days, and occasionally I bring
them in to thoroughly dry them. As I
am asthmatlcal I cannot go out to
bring them in daily, so she would have
to sleep Indoors. I am particularly anx
ious for her to sleep out, so as to
strengthen her lungs, so she will not
get asthma, and I find her general
health Is better out there, anyway.
RBPLT.
You sre proceeding: properly. Sunllrht and
air will take care of dampness under All
ordinary circumstances.
Liquor Still Available.
PORTLAND. Jan. 7. (To the Editor.)
There seems to be some difference
of opinion as to the right to purchase
liquor from mall order houses under
present conditions.
The writer has always understood
that It is permissible to order liquor
(every 28 days until the Legislature
passes an act and until said act be
comes effective. As there Is no desire
to violate the law, and as The Orego
nian is generally well Informed on
matters of public policy, I take the lib
erty of asking for Information, If the
same Is available. CITIZEN.
The bone-dry amendment is not en-
forclble until the Legislature provides
penalties and other essentials of going
legislation.
"Wlae Bride Is She).
London Tit-Bits.
"Now." said the bridegroom to the
bride, when they returned from their
honeymoon trip, "let us have a clear
understanding before we settle down
to married life. Are you the president
or the vice-president of the society?"
"I want to be neither president nor
vice-president." she answered. "I will
be content with a subordinate position.
"What position is that, my dear?"
"Treasurer."
Plea of a Lover.
Boston Transcript.
Her Dad Of course you have heard
my daughter sing. Suitor Tes. sir;
but I should like to have her in spite
of that.
GOOD WORDS FOR THE OREGOMAX
Annual la Praised by Newspapers of
Oregon aad Washington.
Seattle Argus.
That was an exceedingly beautiful
holiday edition of the Portland Ore
gonian. published on Monday.
All Others Excelled.
Cottage Grove Sentinel.
Of all the manv srnnri Now Vanr'a
editions, that of The-Oregonlan was
probably the most creditable.
rrevloss Efforts Excelled.
' Bend Daily Press.
The New Year's number of The Ore
gonlan Is one of the best ever pro
duced by that paper.
Northwest Well Covered.
Albany Democrat.
The Oregonian annual is a good one.
Made up in the" form which has char
acterized it for many years, it covers
the Northwest field in a striking man
ner, speaking for the great resources
of this country.
Stat Will Derive Benefit.
Astorlan.
The New Tear's edition of The Ore
gonlan proved up to the standard in
all respects. It Is an All-Oregon edi
tion and the stats at lares will re
ceive much good advertising from its
circulation broadcast over the Nation.
i
Sustained Goodness Is Marvel.
La Grande Observer.
How The Oregonlan year In and year
out manages to put out an annual
wnich not only keeps up to the high
standard maintained in the past but
surpasses it each year Is one of the
marvels of the newspaper business. The
secret is careful work and preparation
oy ins editorial and art staff.
Good Things for Northwest.
Chehalis (Wash.) Bee-Nufrjtet,
The annual New Year's edition of the
Portland Oregonian comes to our desk
this week equal to the usual high
standard of that publication. The
special edition should find its way into
the homes of thousands in the East,
where it should do much good in at
tracting attention to the resources, of
tno Northwest.
Cause for Congratulations.
Catholic Sentinel, Portland.
The DllhHlthr ft t Vl Xtwnlno-
. - v ' '
CTOnian are tn h rnnprnt-ilut sir.
their splendid New Y'ear number. As
a mercantile guiae to western Oregon
iuB maSTaZine section 1 llnsnrniasAH
The story of the great resources of
wrcn, oi me proaucts of rarm and
toresi, river and ractory is told by
experts. The illustrations merit es
pecial, notice.
Beats All Every Day.
Mentesano (Wash.) Call.
The annual edition of The Oregonian
tnis year Is the best ever put out by
that splendid newspaper. It will cer
tainly put a spirit of optimism into
the heart of the greatest dyspeptic in
tne lana. isy the way. The Oreironian
in our estimation, is the best dally
newspaper we have ever read and we
have been so located at various times
that we have read the dailies of St.
Louis, Kansas City. Omaha. Salt Lake
City, San Francisco. Spokane and Se
attle, and of the dailies published in
these cities not one comes up to The
oregonian.
HOW MICH GAS CSED IX OREGOXt
FIsTures on Motor Fuel Consumption
Show Startling Discrepancy.
PORTLAND. Jan. 7. (To the Editor.)
It is to be hoped the Legislature will
adopt yor recommendation for the re
peal of th-e law requiring a useless and
costly test of gasoline in Oregon. Your
editorial in today's Oregonian sizes the
situation up sensibly.
Your statistics, however, are startling
In comparison with figures obtained by
myseit irom supposedly authentic
sources Indicating a gasoline consume
lion nearly seven times the amount
indicated by you. If my authority is
correct, the extra cost to Orearon of
this foolish law is over $1,500,000 in
stead of the $250,000 a year estimated
by you a waste which is large enough.
I he ngures furnished by my author
ity are borne out by the statistics of
the Merchants Exchange, to the effect
that o. 190. 410 barrels approximately
(2BO.ouo.000 gallons) of oils were Im
ported by ship into Portland during
1916. Much also came into Oregon by
rail for locomotive fuel consumption.
Deducting reports of quantities used
by the gas company for gas manufac
ture, by buildings for heating purposes,
by industrial plants for fuel purposes
and by railroads for fuel; also deduct
ing reports of oils other than gasoline
shlrped by rail out of Oregon, there
still remains a total of 150.000,000 to
173,000.000 gallons unaccounted for. a
quantity equal . to the gasoline con
sumption reported to me.
In Oregon there are 900 garages and
100 gasoline distributing stations not
connected with garages. According to
your figures, each garage or station
would only dispense an average of 60
gallons of gasoWno a day a profit of
only 60 cents, or $1 a day. Your flirures
also presume an average mileage of
15 miles a day, or 5000 miles a year,
for the average of Oregon's 35,000 autos
and auto trucks.
It may be the mileage and gas con
sumption Is as small as that, but tak
lng into consideration the mileaee cov
ered by Jitneys, delivery trucks and
touring earq. the average would see
to be low.
Probably the truth Is somewhere be
twen the big figures given by my au
thority and the small figures quoted
by yourself. The subject Is interest
ing, and I trust The Oregonian will
pursue It further, so as to give some
Idea of the volume of the gasoline and
oil business, and the waste due to the
191S law which Imposed so expensive
and useles a test.
C C "CHAPMAN.
OLDER MAX GETS AXD HOLDS JOB
Though 112. Ho Give . Satisfaction at
" Ltong Honrs and Hard Work.
PORTLAND. Jan. 7. (To the Editor.)
"Wanted, night watchman, between
45 and 50 -years of sge, some hours'
Janitor work each night. $60. Applv at
1 P. M. Portland Trust Building,
room 7."
This advertisement appeared In The
Oregonlan a few years ago. When the
clock struck 1 that day nearly a hun
dred men were crowded In the corridor.
Most all were In the prime of life. I
was there, aged 59. and I had waited
since noon. I would have applied at 6
A. M. had not the advertisement said
1 P. M.
But at 1 o'clock the door opened and
the employment bureau's superintend
ent told us that his Junior partner had
hired the first applicant at 10 o'clock,
a young man of 23, who was too anx
ious to wait till called.
Some of us older men grumbled, say
ing that we had complied with the
terms of the advertisement, which he
had violated, but no use. The young
partner had hired his choice over the
protest of his older associate and it
must go. We all had to go, too. How
ever, I handed in my address and rec
ommendations. But, again tho youth probably found
something better, .as he never showed
up again, and I was called by telephone
that night to go on duty. I got the
job as watchman at the bank and have
held It three years.
There are 13 hours a day, including
about six to eight hours Janitor work,
sawing' wood and making the morning
fires. I like the place and expect to
stay with it. The young man felt the
call of the wild and went his way. The
boss says that I can have the situation
so long as I do the- work as well as
now. s ,.
What's the matter with tlno old man?
NOT AFRAID TO WORK.
In Other Days.
Half a Century Ago.
From Tha Oregonlan, January S, 1667.
Washington. Thad Stevens is pre
paring several measures to be lntro
ducea on the reassembling of Congress.
They look to radical changes in the
executive and Judicial departments.
H. G.' Struve, editor of the Vancouver
Register, denies the Walla Walla
Statesman's report that ho is a candi
date for Congress.
The Toung Men's Law Association
has elected S. A. Moreland. president;
R. S. Bybee. vice-president; R. F. Hen-
sill, secretary, and Lafayette Lane,
treasurer.
A new lodge of Oddfellofs. to bs
known as Hassalo Lodge, No. 14. was
instituted Monday evening by William
Morton. There are 18 charter mem
bers. Jacob Stltzel. Joseph Bachman
and C. Bills are among the officers.
George E. Cola, who was a passen
ger on the Pacific, was recently ap
pointed Governor of Washington Ter
ritory, vice Pickering, removed, we
are told on good authority.
Twenty-five Years Ago.
Prom The Oreronlan. January 8. 1892.
Columbus. Ohio. Tho Republicans
of Ohio have spoken and John Sher
man Is to succeed himself in the Unit
ed States Senate. Foraker. ex-Governor,
is defeated, but even in defeat
his leadership excites admiration of
his opponents, and he is tonight more
than ever the idol of the young Repub
licans. Washington. Senator and Mrs.
Doiph entertained the President and
Mrs. Harrison at dinner last night.
Miss Ella Kelly, who has been spend
ing the holidays at her country home
near Arlington, has returned.
A. H. Johnson, meat dealer, whose
advertisement has been running in
The Oregonian for 40 years, ordered
the "ad" discontinued yesterday, as he
has quit business.
Among the members of the Tammany
Society elected as delegates to the
state convention of Democratic Soci
ties are J. N. Teal. Sanderson Reed,
Frederick V. Holman. W. D. Fenton.
Henry Blackmail and Ben L. Norden.
Miss A. F. Jeffrey. M. D.. of Cleve
land. Ohio, who has been visiting her
cousin. Hon. Jeff Myers, in Linn Coun
ty, will locate in this state permanent
ly. Dr. Jeffrey practiced in Ohio sev
eral years.
PIANIST VICTIM OF DISCOIRTESV
Conversation Cauallr Mars Selections
Requested aad Encored.
PORTLAND. Jan. .6. (To the Edi
tor?) Why are pianists asked (and
even urged) to play for lectures and
like entertainments? Being myself a
pianist I am earnestly seeking the rea
son, for the audience, except for a few
stray listeners, takes the first note of
a piano solo as a ttignal for animated
conversation, using the greatest pos
sible number of words containing the
letter "s."
An eminent musical critic Is credited
with the statement that it requires a
higher grade of intellect to interpret
as well as to appreciate instrumental
music than for singing, as the singer
has the medium of words to assist
him, while the pianist has but his
tinners and the violinist hus bow with
which to convey his message, and.
therefore, it requires great concentra
tion on the part of the player to en
able him to tell his tone story. But
the audience which listens attentively"
to a song will converse diligently to
the strains of th piano or violin, thus
seriously hindering the artist in his '
work. Then when the number' is fin
ished they applaud heartily, persist
ently demanding an encore, which, if
granted, allows conversation to resume.
Nor Is this behavior confined to pub
lic affairs, for even In the homes of
our friends we are subjected to the
same exasperating treatment, though
we may be playing the "favorite" com
position they have requested.
Is this to be attributed to ignorance
or simply had manners?
Why do they ssk us to play fusuallv
rratis) for their entertainment and
then deny us the courtesy of a hear
ing? A RECENT VICTIM.
SMALL PROFIT IX RABBIT PELT
Harney Resident Sn?s Hatter's Prlee
for Skins la Not Attractive.
RILEY. Or.. Jan. 4. (To the Editor.)
I noticed in an arUvie in The Ore
gonlan that Mr. tMntiott believes he has
a ready market for rabbit pelts and
that he is offered from-15 to 18 cents
per pound. I hope Mj Sinnott will
come out here tn Harney County and
catch all tie rabbits there are at IS
to IS cents per pound for their pelts.
Perhaps lie enn make money at it.
When a person sells his pelts at 15
to 18 cents per pound delivered tn St.
Loui it takf a man with capital, ns
he has to buy his ammunition and
traps and snares, to say nothing of
overalls and shoes that a person wears
out on rock and sage brush. No man
can make enough to pay for all of
those things and eell his rabbit scalps
at 15 to 18 cents per pound delivered at
St. Louis.
We have a bounty here on jack rab
bits for their earsand scalp from the
ear down to the nose, at 5 cents per
pound. We kill quite a few, so if we
kill the rabbit for bounty we have
him. but even then It does not pay to
skin him for the scalp at 15 to 18
cents per pound delivered.
I had eight scalps and they weighed
one "round for the eight ecalps. That
would not bring two cents per pound
clear, after delivering them. So there
fore I say It is not a homesteader's nor
a poor man's job. He can't make both
ends meet. He has to have a little
capital to help him. But I wish Mr.
Sinnott good luck. A. J. B OC KH OLD.
PUBLIC ADMINISTRATOR NEEDED
Mr. Schnabel Advocates Creation of Ap
pointive Office.
PORTLAND, Jan. 7. (To the Editor.)
I advocate enactment of a law pro
viding for the appointment of a public
administrator, at least In counties of
over 50,000 inhabitants, the appoint
ment to be made by the Governor, and
the appointee not being a coroner or a
deputy coroner, for the following rea
sons, among others: .
In a city of this size many persons
die without leaving friends or relative's
in the state, leaving property and in
terests to be looked after. Again, n
public administrator would have no
self interest to subserve. It would be
preferable to have the Governor of the
state select a man of experience and In
tegrity to administer upon the estates
of such persons than to have private
Individuals, whose experience and in
tegrity may never have been inquired
into, have themselves appointed ad
ministrators of such fstaWs, which In
many instances are exceedingly valu
able. This' Is not a novel question. It has
arisen in other Jurisdictions and the
Legislatures of many of the other
states In their wisdom have enacted
laws providing for the 'appointment of
a public administrator to perform these
duties. Oregon would do well to emu
late their system and example In this
respect. CHAS. J. SCHNABEL.
Suspicious of It.
Life.
"It Is unnecessary to go over all
that ground. The principle is as old as
the hille and has always been accepted
by everybody." "Exactly. And that
is just what makes me suspicious
of it."