is
THE MORNING OREGOMAX, WEDNESDAY,
DECEMBER . 6, 1916.
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PORTLAND. WEDNESDAY, DEC. 6, 1916.
TUB PRESIDENT'S KAILKOAO POLICY.
President Wilson stands by the pol
icy he adopted last August for settle
ment of labor disputes on railroads.
The storm of protests which has arisen
against his proposal to forbid strikes
or lockouts pending Federal Inquiry
Into a dispute has not moved him from
tha position he then took. He places
the right of the public to uninter
rupted service above the right of the
railroads and their employes to fight
out their differences by suspension or
Interruption of traffic.
The criticisms -which were made by
The Oregonian of the Adamson law
are as valid now as they were at the
time when that law was passed. There
is undoubtedly a growing preponder
ance of public sentiment in favor of
eight hours as the standard workday
In all industries to which it can be
applied. The Adamson law does noth
ing to establish the eight-hour day on
railroads beyond Increasing the wage
per hour so much that railroads will
have an interest in arranging 'their
train service bo that a run may be
completed within eight hours. As it
stands, the law does not establish the
eight-hour day; it only increases
wages. As the first act of Congress
fixing rates of wages, it is a dangerous
innovation. As a concession to a small
part of the Nation extorted by the
menace of suffering and loss to the
whole Nation, it establishes a still
worse precedent. But the people seem
to have condoned that offense by their
votes. What is done canpot be un
done. It remains only for the Presi
dent and Congress to deal with things
as they are.
The programme laid before Con
gress by the President is the best that
can be devised under circumstances.
It is the least that can be done with'
Justice to all interests those of the
public, which are paramount; those
of the railroads and those of the em
ployes. In proposing that strikes or
lockouts be forbidden pending inquiry,
the President relies upon investigating
bodies to lay the facts and merits of
any controversy before the people in
such plain terms and with such im
partiality that the people will have
no difficulty in forming a Just con
clusion, and he relies on the influence
of public opinion to restrain employes
from entering upon an unjustified
strike, or to restrain railroads from
declaring an unjustified lockout. The
United States is warranted by the suc
cess of this system in Canada in giving
it a trial. Should it not prove effect
ive in preventing obstruction of the
people's highways the railroads by
strikes, it will become the duty of
Congress to go still further by for
bidding strikes ' and lockouts alto
gether and by establishing a tribunal
which shall arbitrate all railroad labor
disputes according to the principles
of justice.
By adhering to this policy the Presi
dent invites the opposition of those
labor organizations which rallied to
his support because he approved the
Adamson law. He exposes himself to
the imputation that, having got what
he wanted out of them at the election
their votes he now is indifferent to
their wishes. He anticipates this in
sinuation by presenting his present
programme as simply the completion
of that which he presented last Sum
mer. He answers their clamor against
prohibition of strikes pending inquiry
with a logic which will convince every
unprejudiced mind. The people are
not likely to trouble their minds about
the President's motive for not having
insisted on this policy, four months
ago, nor will they be influenced by
outcry from labor leaders that he has
duped them. It will be enough for
the people to know that the President,
whatever his motives and whatever
political obligations to special interests
jib may disregard, now proposes a
wise policy which will keep the rail
roads in operation and will at the
same time do justice to their em
ployes.
The complaint of brotherhood lead
ers that, by forbidding railroad men
to strike. Congress would compel them
to work at terms which thev have re
jected and would thus in effect reduce
them to slavery, is not likely to have
any weight with those people who re
member the means which were used
to obtain the Adamson law.- Prohibi
tlon of a strike would not prevent men
as individuals from leaving railroad
service; such action is not a strike,
hence the law would not apply to it,
The proposed law would apply only
to "concerted action by organized
bodies of men," to which alone does
the term " strike refer. By deferring
such concerted action until a Federal
inquiry had been made, the brother
hoods would only 'do what they have
heen doing for nearly a year, during
which they have been working under
old terms while negotiating for new
terms. compulsion would be put
uptt them only to respect those rights
of the people which would be.violated
by a strike.
The labor crisis has simply given
added weight to the already sufficient
arguments for enlargement of the
membership of the Interstate Com
merce Commission. If the Commis
sion is to inquire Into questions of
wages and hours of labor In connec
tion with its many other duties, it cer
tainly needs more members. The most
serious criticism to be made of the
President's recommendation in this re
spect is that it does not go far enough.
The delay in adjudication of rate ques
tions is already so serious as to
amount to a denial of justice and to
an obstruction of business. An In
crease from seven to nine in the num
ber of Commissioners is only a first
installment of what is -needed. The
provision in the bill -now before the
Senate, that the Commission may sit
by divisions of one or more members,
shows that Congress has annkling
of the true remedy for the growing
.congestion. The bill is a step toward
that system of regional commissions
under a supreme National commission
which The Oregonian has suggested.
The proposal that the Government
be given power to "commandeer"
railroads and equipment and to draft
railroad employes into military serv
ice was proved necessary by the crisis
of last Summer. The railroad situa
tion became threatening at the time
when the National Guard was mobil
ized, and the Nation faced the possi
bility that its transportation system
might be tied up by a strike at a time
when a foreign war made its use by
the Army urgently necessary. Should
strikes be forbidden only pending in
quiry, this possibility, though remote,
would still exist. It could only" be re
moved by absolute prohibition of rail
road strikes and by adoption of com
pulsory arbitration. In any case, the
Government should be vested with the
proposed power for times of military
necessity, for it is conceivable that
the National safety might require full
Government control of the railroads
for movement of troops and supplies,
though no strike threatened.
It is the earnest hope of The Ore
gonian that Congress will adopt" the
recommendations of the President.
They would do substantial Justice to
the railroads, the employes and the
public. The minds of Congressmen b
should now be so free from all thought
of catering to any special interest that
they will be able to legislate calmly
and deliberately for the common good.
The people do not desire that the rail
road men be given less than justice;
the railroad men surely do not desire
more. They should be content to lay
their case fairly before Congress, ap
pealing only to reason and trusting
that all their Just claims will be
granted.
THE SUM OF (3,000.000 AM) 70.000 ACKES.
The Tacoma plan to buy 70,000
acres of land near American Lake for
z.ouo,ooo, and offer it to the Govern
ment as a division headquarters of
the United States Army, is a reminder
of the good old , boom days, when
everybody talked In terms of millions
and made himself rich by the easy
process of raising over night the price
of his real estate, which he either
owned or thought he did, or had un
der option.
Naturally the grand Tacoma scheme
excites more than passing interest In
Portland. It is not so much as to the
value of f 0,000 acres of real estate
near that thriving city as the nature
of the colossal project. There are to
be $2,600,000 in bonds against Pierce
County to buy this extensive tract, and
It is to be given to the Government,
which is expected in ten years to
Invest something like $70,000, 000 in
developing a great Army post. Evi
dently Pierce County cannot lose, If
the scheme pans out.
The Chamber of Commerce of Port
land rises to ask some questions about
the thing. "Will donation of land by
local interests to the Government be
a controlling or any factor in Gov
ernment's selection of military center
for the Northwest?" it inquires, in a
telegram to Senator Chamberlain,
chairman of the Senate military af
fairs Committee.
A most pertinent Interrogation.
There is no desire or expectation in
Portland that Senator Chamberlain
will determine his attitude in this
great matter on any basis other than
the largest Interest of the Nation; but
it is desired and expected that he
lend his support to no project which
Ignores the proper deserts of Van
couver. DXFFEB ENTL4L REMOVED.
A traveler from the East, desirous
of seeing the Pacific Coast, has found
for a number of years that. In the
railroad lexicon, California was quite
the whole show. It is true enough
that the literature of the railroads
at least of the northern transcontinen
tal lines has not laid special em
phasis upon the incomparable attrac
tions of the Golden State; but the
passenger rates have been discrimi
natory.
For example, a tourist from Chicago
could buy a round-trip ticket to San
Francisco, with return via Los .An
geles, El Paso and New Orleans,' for
the same rate as by direct return via
Ogden; but if he desired to go back
via Portland or Seattle thee was a
nice little extra charge of $17.50,
The additlqnal charge is called a
differential. It has been so marked a
differential that "the Northwest has
had hut 6 to 10 per cent of the total
Coast tourist travel.
Now the Interstate Commerce Com
mission says the rate cannot be higher
through the Northwest than through
the South and Southwest. The infer
ence may be drawn, however, -that a
higher fare may be charged for round
trip service via El Paso and New Or
leans than if the traveler goes and
comes by the direct East and West
route. On this phase of the decision
the railroads appear to rely for a
readjustment of rates which will per
mit them to retain the so-called
"Shasta differential." But if they
keep it, they will obviously be obliged
to impose a similar excess chajrge
against southern points. It Is clear,
therefore, that there must be, under
the decision, an equalization between
the Pacific Northwest and Southern
California. The crux of the grievance
of the northern cities lies there, and
it must be removed, whatever new
schedules may be arranged.
The result must be a great stimulus
to tourist travel by way of the Pacific
Northwest.
TEArmSO CURRENT - HISTORY.
The educational value of the news
paper is only just beginning to be ap
predated by schoolteachers. Not that
the teaching of current events in the
classroom is wholly new, for it has
been done for some years In advanced
communities, but . the custom is only
lately becoming general. It seems
safe to predict that within a few years
the newspaper and the periodical that
review current events will take- their
place beside the other textbooks that
are employed every day.
Too much stress has been laid in
the past upon the idea that history
deals only with the past. It is only
a few years since some reputable
encyclopedias were edited upon the
theory that events that were still in
the crucible, or men who were still
living, were improper subjects for
treatment and discussion. As eu mat
ter of fact, the student, needs to be
impressed with the fact that he is
living "in the midst of history," a
fact that he is apt to lose sight of
under the old plan of instruction. It
will help him to visualize Plutarch's
men, for example, and to understand
their problems if he has been taught
to regard history as a living thing, as
he will do if together with his stud
of events that have gone before he
combines a lively interest in the'.af
fairs of today. ' ',"
Saloniki, which is one of the centers
of interest in the news of today, makes
ancient Thessaly and Thessalonica
seem more real than ever, and its as
sociation with Mount Olympus' 'and
itn
Ossa and Pelion brings ancient his
tory down to date. Our domestic is
sues, even our political campaigns.
have an infallible power of breathing
hew life Into the happenings a century
or more ago nearer home. Caesar
does not seem so far away when his
armies and his battlefields are com
pared with those of the present, nor
Cicero, so vague when we are made
to realize by sundry references in the
news that oratory is not . yet dead.
Comparison not only is an aid to mem
ory, but it helps develop the reasoning
faculty. It furnishes to the history
of bygone times the one thing it has
needed to make it interesting to the
average boy the connecting link that
proves it to be a study of things that
have the breath of life in them.
It goes without saying that knowl
edge of geography is stimulated by the
study of current events as they are
related by the newspapers, and it 1s
perhaps unnecessary to add that the
same is true of the important topics
of political economy and sociology.
Initiative is encouraged by the effort
to apply the lessons of yesterday to
the happenings of today, and good
citizenship is fostered because any boy
who seriously gives himself to the
contemplation of the problems of gov
ernment is made by that fact alone a
better prospective citizen.
HIGHER COST OF ANCIENT ART.
From" our valued contemporary, the
New York Times, we learn the details
of the sale of "paintings from the
Davanzatl Palace, "at Florence, Italy,
which has just been held at the Plaza
Hotel, In America's gteat metropolitan
center of art and art appreciation. The
pictures, it seems, were "primitives,"
and the moderns were not represented.
except in the crowd of buyers, which
is described as exceptionally large and
liberal. There was some spirited
bidding over an ancient panel "Ma
donna With dhild and Saints"
which brought the highly satisfactory
price of $41,000. But the real thrill
came when two Titians were offered.
Let the Times tell what followed:
'The reserve price on the pictures. said
the auctioneer, "la $25,000. They will be
put up at that price. They will not be sold
for less. If they are not sold Professor
Volpi will take them back to Italy, and they
win be presented to a museum. The pic
tures will be put up together and sold for
not less than $25,000 each, one with, the
privilege of both."
Thore- was silence for several seconds as
Mr. Klrbv ceased speaking. It looked as
if the picture- - were going; to be returned
to Jtaly.
"TwentB-flve thousand dollars," said Otto
Bernet, 5r. Kirby's assistant. There was
another silence while the andlence waited.
'One or both?" asked Mr. Kirby.
'Both,' said Mr. Bernet. The audience
drew a lQng breath of relief. The pictures
ere to stay ln.(iis country.
Thank heavth, the tragedy of a
great artistic loss to America was thus
happily averted, for only $50,000. The
real nature of the magnificent ac
quisition to Amsyica's treasury of Old
Masters will -lie better understood
when -the paintings are described.
"The two Titians," says the Times,
are similar pictures. In each is a
plump damsel holding aloft a trencher
of food."
When any humble citizen of - New
Tork, struggling with the higher cost
of living, desires consolation for his
troubled spirit, not to say relief for
his depleted pocket, let him go to
the gallery where hang the two beau
tiful Titians. What more can he ask
than that he be privileged to see what
$50,000 worth of food looks like?
CAPITAL EEMOTAl AGAIN".
The latest proposal to change the lo
cation of theWashington State capital
will probably be received with forti
tude by Olympia. Olympia is accus
tomed to capital-removal fights. They
have been recurring now for more
than twenty-five years. Moreover, the
new effort seems to have grown out of
pique, and pique bills are not gener
ally popular when they call for ex
penditure of large sums of money.
Dash Point, which is the plebeian name
for Hyada Park, ought not to be a
very strong contender for tha site of
state government buildings. Dash
Point, according to our recollection,
Is the promontory around which the
boat from Seattle makes its first ap
pearance to impatient watchers In the
peaceful confines of . Tacoma s mu
nicipal dock. One can reach Dash
Point by steamer or, if courageous,
by automobile. It is now a Summer
colony and its attractions are a light
house and a view of Vashon Island
Id- one direction and of Tacoma in an
other, across Pu get Sound.
There are both historical and senti
mental reasons for retaining the cap
ital in Olympia. The objections raised
against it do not grow out of Olym
pia's faults but are often improperly
laid at Olympla's door. In truths a
botch -has. been made of the state
buildings at Olympia. But Olympia
is not blamable for that. The city
has always been anxious and willing
that state departments be properly
housed.
Since 1806 wooden sheds have cov
ered the foundation for a proposed
million-dollar Capitol. The sum spent
for the foundations and for architects'
fees was more than $100,000. In 1901
the state purchased the Thurston
County Courthouse for $375,000 and
spent that much, or more, for an ad
dition wJilch added room but no
beauty to the structure. Later, $300,
000 was appropriated for a Temple of
Justice and the money was used to
construct the shell of a building that
will, ultimately cost thrice as much If
ever - completed. It lacks both out
ward and interior finish. About, all
that.can.be said for it is that It is in
keeping with the unfinished Capitol
foundation near which it stands. A
handsome Governor's mansion has
also been erected near the foundation,
but the patched-up Courthouse-Capitol
is blocks away.
It is quite the fashion cruelly to
blame these makeshifts upon Olym
pia when m fact Legislature and State
officials are responsible. The city
itself has a commendable civic pride.
It' is olean well paved and is not
lacking in handsome homes. It was
there that pioneer history of Puget
Sound began. It was the chief trad
ing post of the old Oregon country
north of Portland in early days. It
was the seat of Washington's terri
torial government. There the state
constitution waa framed.
Once poor transportation was an
argument against Olympla's retention
of the capital. But the city has lately
acquired another railroad, while im
provement of highways has caused the
inauguration of auto-bus transporta
tion to Tacoma. About the only thing
left to charge against the city is its
lack of ample hotel accommodations.
But what can one expect of local in
vestors when the permanency of the
need fora larger hotel is put into con
tinual doubt by recurring agitation for
removal of the capital?
The charge of lack of hospitality
on which the Riley removal bill is
founded will not stand. Olympia has
always tried to be cordial and ac
commodating toward capital visitors.
Its good intent was demonstrated fol
lowing the destruction, just before one
legislative session, of the old Olympia
Hotel.' That hotel was noted for its
great lpMSy, where legislators and
lobbyists would foregather evenings to
mull over pending legislation, or the
third bouse convene for its burlesque
deliberations. .There or lrv adjacent
rooms the fate of several candidates
for United States Senator was settled.
When the hotel burned the people
of. Olympia believed' that the legis
lators would be lonesome and discon
tented, if not lost, without a lobby.
So they fitted up one In another build
ing at their own cost. The friendly
Intent was good, even . if the new
lobby was not a success.
But in the fact that Olympia lacks
metropolitan attractions lies a prac
tical argument for retention of the
capital. There Is no competition of
vaudeville or all-night grills -to tempt
the law makers from their duties. But
more important there Is probably no
substantial demand for. a change after
all- these years. The people consider
the capital permanently located. The
Legislature can now do nothing more
appropriate than to forget the agita
tion and spend future Capitol-building
appropriations wisely. -
Careful experimentation 'has proved
false the theory that the creative
power of a flower ceases when It la
cut from the parent stem. The con
clusion has been reached by perfume
manufacturers that many flowers con
tinue to produce perfume long after
they have entered upon what formerly
was supposed to be their "decline."
Actual weighing of the odorous mat
ter extracted from certain blossoms
showed that in some Instances ten
times as much was produced by a
process which kept them alive as by
an alternative method which sought to
extract the full measure at once.
Knowledge of this peculiarity of flow
ers is valuable to others than perfume
manufacturers, since it points the way
to longer enjoyment of cut flowers In
our homes. Careful preservation of
flowers in an ice box overnight and
exposure to fresh air at suitable times
will cause certain varieties to give
forth perfume even for weeks after
they have been cut, while clipping the
stems also prolongs life by reopening
the pores and causing the flower to
gain new life from the water In the
vase.
Pondlcherry, the scene of last
week's destructive cyclone, in which
several hundred lives are said to have
been lost, is the capital of the French
possessions in India and has had a
checkered history. It was founded .in
1683 by a Frenchman on .the site of a
village given him by .the Governor of
Gin gee. The Dutch took it In 1693 but
restored it, after having greatly inj
proved It, in 169 7. It was captured
and restored from time to time. Sir
Hector Munro destroying its fortifica
tions in 1778; it was retransf erred to
the French in 1J83 and. once mora re
captured by the' British in 1793. Then
it was again - restored to the French
by the treaty of Amiens, but the Brit
ish took it again only a year after
wards. .. The French have kept it ever
since 1816, when it was restored a
second time. It exports considerable
quantities of ground nuts, oil, cotton
goods- and rice, and weaving is its
principal Industry.
The death of John D. Archbold
marks the passing of another among
the old crowd cf Standard Oil men.
A new crowd is taking hold of the
great octopus -and its affiliated Na
tional City Bank, of which Frank A.
Vanderlip is the type. The old crowd
shunned publicity and defied the pub
lic; the new crowd courts publicity
and tries to keep step with the march
of progress and with the advance of
public opinion. Let the captains of
industry and finance once convince the
people that they are for the square
deal and are willing to promote their
own interests only by promoting the
interest of all, then the people may
overcome their distrust and accept the
valuable services which can be per
formed by the leaders of business.
Portland's experience with commis
sion government has revived the love
of some -for the-old, much-cussed and
much-discussed council manic system.
The chief advantage of the new sys
tem is that we know whom to blame,
while under the 'old form we could
never find the goat. But the goat un
der the present plan seems to enjoy
the distinction, so what is the use?
A Danish statistician figures total
losses of the allies at 15,100,000. This
means casualties, not deaths.. A pris
oner is as much loss as a dead man,
but a wounded man can recover and
resume fighting.
( 1
Republican Candidate Campbell has
a plurality of thirty-two and is elected
Governor of Arizona. It is only in
the Solid South that a man's election
is unanimous.
President Ripley had a card in the
hole when he began to fight t the
Adamson law. On Its face Is a 10 per
cent bonus to all employes of proper
standing.
Those women who Judge a man by
his clothes would do well to take
wartiing from the SOO victims of
Charles H. Wax's wiles.
The allies are becoming so nervous
about submarines that to them every
ripple looks like the wake of a
periscope.
When you visit the poultry show.
look a big rooster straight In the eye
and watch him succumb to hypnotism,
The owners of the Bear have come
to the conclusion that half a ship is
better than no ship at all.
Only a mean man would use his
stenographer as proxy to get the usual
two quarts. -
As this is Electrical week, buy
something -to give father a shock at
Christmas.
Federal officials in the East are on
a smoky trail, hoping to locate Jack
Johnson.
In Europe sugar is needed to save
babies' lives and copper to kill 'their
fathers. y
A British Cabinet without Lloyd
George will lack a stiff Welsh punch
Tou do" not hear any "swat-the-rooster!"
talk at the poultry show.
Western Union messengers will hear
many an envious "Ah. chee!"
As between Wilson and labor, it's
anybody's funeral.
- The message has the merit of
brevity.
Wax- had- a way with women.
How to Keep Well
By Dr. W. A. Evans.
Questions pertinent to hygiene, sanitation
and prevention of disease. If matters of gen
eral Interest, will be answered In thla col
umn. Where space will not permit or the
subject is not suitable,- letter will be per
sonally answered, subject to proper limita
tions and where stamped addressed envelope
Is inclosed. Dr. Evlna will not make diagnosis
or prescribe for Individual diseases. Be
quests for such services cannot be answered.
(Copyright, 1916, by Dr. W. A. Bvans.
Published by arrangement with the Chicago
Tribune.)
GOLF AT AN" ASYLUM.
STJPT. GAHAGAN, of the hospital for
the insane at Elgin, 111., had a
rough, rolling, cocky piece of poor pas
ture land at one end of the grounds.
He had 2100 inmates in the asylum
under his charge. He had at his dis
posal a fund left by a philanthropic
gentleman to be used for the enter
tainment of patients in this hospital.
The patients needed exercise and en
tertainment, the money was available,
and the pasture was a poor one at best.
Two years ago Dr. Gahagan made the
poor pasture into a typical Scotch golf
links. '
I spent the afternoon of election day
playing on these links. I played with
a patient in the institution. He out
played me. He played a much more in
telligent game than I did, and he would
have beaten me worse than he did ex
cept for-a sore hand. I had asked this
very considerate gentleman and sporty
player whether he had been benefited
by , playing. Ha told me that It had
been a source of great help to him. His
troubles began in a great sorrow, and
he was given to spells of depression.
Playing golf had occupied his mind, as
well as taken him into the open air. He
played 18 to 27 holes whenever the
weather was good.
I failed to meet the champion of the
Institution. He plays 18 to 27 holes
"before supper.
Of the 2100 patients in the hospital
about 600 have played on the course.
About 200 go over the course each day,
some as players and most as galleries.
More than half the patients- have been
over the course either as players or
galleries. Some of the. Improved pa
tients on some sort of parole play
around several times a day on every
suitable day. The seats on the course
are the strong chairs used under the
old system as restraining chairs. The
old 'canvas-retaining binders hava'been
cut up and made into golf bags.
The work on the course is done by
patients. A few of the clubs have been
made by patients.
The plan is therapeutically sound. It
quiets many of the violent patients. It
stirs many- of the despondent, quiet, al
most mute patients into taking an In
terest in life. As physical exercise It
Is far better than tennis or baseball.
As' a contest it is better for mental
cases than is the keener, more excit
ing competition of baseball or tennis.
To strike the .ball Just right means co
ordination of muscles, which in turn
means co-ordination of nerves, which
means mental control.
' It gives employment. It furnishes
Interest. It fakes the patient into the
open air. Hundreds can participate
where only a few can belong to the
baseball nines. Through the galleries
it furnishes a motive for getting hun
dreds out into the air, on the grass,
over tha hills and into the valleys,
and with their Interest stimulated by
the plays. And the cost Is small enough
to make golf within the reach of most
state asylums.
Rheumatism and Nasal Trouble.
Mrs. E. B. writes: "Will you please
explain in what way throat and nasal
troubles are responsible for rheuma
tism and stiff joints? A woman 38
years of age has had slightly enlarged
and diseased tonsils and also nasal
catarrh more or less for 20 years. She
also has rheumatism at times, and the
joints become stiff if held in one posi
tlon for any length of time.
"1. Would treatment of the two for
mer troubles relieve or cure the other
troubles?
"2. If so, what treatment would you
advise?
"3. Would the removal of the tonsils
affect the vocal cords?
"4. Does catarrh of the head eVer
communicate Itself to the stomach or
other organs of the body?
Keply.
1. Tes. Bacteria enter the system by way
of the tonsils and nose. They get Into the
bloodstream and are carried to the Joints.
Locating In the Joints, they cause rheuma
tism. 2. Have the tonsils and nose attended to,
operated on If necessary.
8. No.
4. In the sense used In advertisements of
catarrh medicines, no.
" Vaccination Necessary.
S. H. writes: "My wife was vficcl
nated when a child and for some reason
her arm became swollen and caused her
a great deal of pain such pain that
she now says that under no considera
tlon will she allow our child to be vac
cln'ated. I think that when the child
is old enough (now S) she should be
vaccinated. (1) Pleasa tell me if there
is any other way to avoid smallpox. (2)
la smallpox a dangerous disease? I un
derstand that very few people die with
It. Do you know of any way that I
ought to put the matter up to my wife
so she will see the folly of her stand in
not wanting our child vaccinated?"
Reply.
1., No: none that fs effective.
2. It is. Two hundred and twelve people
died with smallpox In 1014 in the registra
tion area. This would Indicate that the
number of deaths in the country from
smallpox was nearly 40q. Tha disease is
not so harmless as you nave been led to
think. .
3. Ask your state or local Board of Health
to furnish you with pamphlets giving the
argumsn-u
Round Shoulders.
W. J. B. writes: "Will you kindly
tell me through your column If you
know of any suspenders that are so
constructed as to help bracethe sh'oul
ders, thus decreasing the tendency to
become round shouldered?"
Reply.
There are none. The only way to prevent
round shoulders is to develop the great
muscles of the neck and tack through work
and exercise.
Sinsrle VoKe Common.
PORTLAND, Dec. 5. (To the Editor.)
May I suggest that Mr. Tuttle'a con
ception of "yoked together" would
hardly pass muster?
The old trains of Red River cafts
In an early' day, carrying freight from
St. Paul to the Pembina country, before
James J. .Hill inaugurated better means
of transportation, were drawn, each
two-wheeled cart, by an ox yoked be
tween the shafts, while the pair
plowed with, many Summers, on my
father's farm In Illinois, were yoked
together. C. E. CLINB.
SACRIFICE BEGETS PATRIOTISM
AJIegrlance VVould Be Stronger Under
Universal Military Training;.
ALBANY, Or.. Dec. 4. (To the Ed
itor.) As a Democrat I naturally n
not agree with you In all of your edi
torials. But In your editorial on com
pulsory military service, I think you
have hit on a subject on which . all
patriotic and common-sense Americans
should agree with you. I believe that
the only opposition to universal mili
tary service is from two sources; these
who are ignorant of the necessity and
those visionary sentimentalists who
overlook present practical needs for an
Impossible ideal.
There Is no one who would not gladly
abolish the expense of police depart
ments if human nature would Improve
to such an exten that they would be
unnecessary. But tha actual genus
homo is such that it is necessary to
spend millions of dollars for police pro
tection against lawless members of so
ciety. In the same manner we must be
prepared to protect ourselves against
attacks of lawless and unscrupulous
nations. The trouble with the average
pacifist is that he wants to solve prob
lems on the basis of the way men and
nations ought to be and not on the
basis that we actually find them.
Besides the protection to the Nation
of universal service, there would be
certain other benefits. In the first
place, the physical benefits to the
young men of the country would be
valuable. In the second place there
would be an educational value In the
rubbing of elbows of the young men
from different sections of the country.
In the third place the discipline
afforded by Army life Is sadly needed
In this country of individualism, and
unbridled license. We need to be taught
the lesson of teamwork. Finally it
would tend to make more homegeneous
the heterogeneous mass of our people,
Alter serving under the same flag,
our hyphenated Americans would sure
ly have more of the visloH of America
as the country of their allegiance. We
have had no citizens who have been
more Interetsed or more loyal than the
G. A. R. in civic and economic ques
tions. This may be laid to the fact
that they have sacrificed something for
their country. And appreciation of
country is greatly stimulated by.
sacrlfloe.
Sooner or later the American peo
pie will-come to see the needs of uni
versal service. It is merely a matter
of education. The great body of in
telligent American citizens are now In
favor of it. For several years. I have
had opportunity to observe the sent!
merit In colleges and universities and
find that, especially in the universi
ties now having military training, both
among students and faculty, it is prac
tically unanimously in favor of unl
versal service of a kind adapted to a
democracy such as our country. This
sentiment will tell in time, but the
average citizen- needs to be educated to
the needs and advantages of universal
military service and it is through the
newspapers that this must be done
Such editorials as the one in The Ore
gonian will help. May we have many
more of them. A DEMOCRAT.
PRODUCTS IX STORAGE TOO HIGH
Original Purchase Price Does Not
Justify Present Retail Charges.
PORTLAND, Dec. 5. (To the Edl
tor.) In a communication in The Ore
gonlan Mr. W. K. Newell, president of
the Oregon State Dairy Association,
refers to an article In which I have
been accredited with the statement
that cold storage .does not particu
larly concern the farmers.
In order that I may not be misun
derstood in this matter, would you
kindly permit ma to say that 1 agree
in full with Mr. Newell in his state
ment of the value of cold storage, both
to producer and consumer, and what
I intended to say Is that the farmer or
producer Is' not interested nor In any
way responsible for the high prices of
some commodities when such high
prices are created and maintained by
manipulating the market through cold
storage.
I know from practical experience
that the dairyman and poltryman is
at the present time receiving only
small portion of the high prices paid
for butter and eggs.
During last April, May and June
farmers sold eggs for from 20 to 23
cents per dozen; today those same
eggs are being sold in Portland, mar
kets at from 40 to 50 cents per dozen.
Butter for which the farmer was
paid 25 to 30 cents per pound dur
ing last June, July and August i,
being sold today for from 37 to 40
cents per pound. Who receives the
difference? I contend that the con
sumer Is entitled to a portion of It
inasmuch as the cost of preserving or
conserving butter for that length of
time In cold storage Is nominal.
I feel that there should be some
regulation put upon the cold storage
of food products, but such regulation
should be reasonable and not burden
some to those who are. legitimately
using that method of preserving foods.
However, it is often the case that in
drafting and enacting such a law, in
order that it may be effective In regu
lating the business of the person or
corporation seeking illegal protits, the
person or corporation that is a rea
servant and friend of the public finds
his or Its operations are also restricted
In a way that Is disadvantageous.
J. D. M1CKLE.
Dairy and Food Commissioner.
AT GRETNA GREEN VANCOUVER.
Across the stream, with love-llt een
the bucko and his mate hie to Van
couver's Gretna Green, where preach
ers lie in wait. The car seems lag
gard in Its pace, the boat seems short
of steam in bearing them toward the
place, where they will double team
Their eyes are blind to everything ex
cept each other, and the way the war
bling Joybirds sing would queer
German band. With license In his fist
they trot toward the dominie, and when
he has secured the knot and his ex
pected fee, he steers her up against a
place where transients go to chew, and
has her feed her blushing face on hash
or mutton stew; and then to show his
ducky-duck that he Is no cheap skate,
he orders shredded ice cream truck and
cake at ten a plate. Then back across
the stream they float to the domestic
hearth, he feeling like he owned the
boat, she like she ,owned-the earth
and oft a happy smile will speed athwar
his faclalflront at thought ha did no
help to feed a doctor's bank account
for thumping him upon the chest and
squinting at his tongue and sticking
'phone against his breast in search of
busted lung, and to his new-made
owney-own he wags triumphant jaw
'bout how he beat that dingus known
as the eugenic law.
JAMES BARTON ADAMS,
Chinese Eggrs Next.
HILLSBORO, Or.. Dec. 4. (To the
Editor.) The women who are trying
to force the price of eggs downward
should wear- glasses which are cal
culated to remedy a defect known as
near-sightedness.
The same number of. eggs which a
year ago cost us 90 cents to produce
now cost $1.50, yet we get little. If
any. more for a dozen eggs today
than ve got a year ago.-
I am sure the average flock of hen
In this vicinity has not paid for its
food this Fall, notwithstanding the
high price of eggs, and if the price is
forced to 30 cents at this stage of the
game, the farmers will send their hens
to market and the price will be vo
low some of these rich women will
be tempted to give the neck or a piece
of the back of a chicken to the hired
girl, and next Spring, when fresh eggs
should be 20 cents, they will be 40
cents, and these same . women will
devour so many eggs frem China that
they will be able to give Ah Sin orders
in his native tongue.
AIRS. C. H. ORE.
In Other Days.
Twenfy-Sve Years Ako.
From The Oregonian of December 6, 1S91
, . eni,nus"stic rally of the James G.
Blai
" -uu as neia at the Builders'
exchange last night.
The Elks will hold their annual lodge
of
. v "i me luarquam urand The
ir todav it ! P ir ah .
ate
th
to
??eJ now in the clty are requested
Berlin. Dec. 5 On t,,.jo
Chancellor von Capnvl will introduce
Into the Reichstag the treaties of com
merce recently negotiated with Austria
and Switzerland.
New York. Dec. 5. Dr PfM siA tv.
afternoon he did not have such encour
aging hopes about Cyrus W. Field's
condition as on the two previous even-
iiibs. j.ne patient, he said, is very
much depressed mentally and it is dif
ficult to build him up under those cir
cumstances. Half a Century Ago.
From The Oregonian of December . 1569.
The weather is now cominr in fnp
much attention and it is declarort h
weather-wise people that a hard Win
ter is impending because of the fact
that squirrels and birds have laid In
an unusual supply of creature comforts
ior winter consumption.
The Fannie Patton came down from
the
- . . nvj jcoter-
day with a big load of wheat. Great
quantities of it are stored on the upper
river In the expectation of a rlaa in
price.
-ww wnimeiie valley yester-
The lecture of Judsre Deadw hefnr.
tha Young Men's Law- Association la
open to the public. Judges Deady and
Shattuck and perhaps other gentlemen
win oeiiver lectures during the Winter.
The Tillamook schooner Chamnlon
arrived safe and sound Tuesday night.
She had a cargo of butter, produce and
elk pelts. She had suffered no injury
by being blown ashore in Tillamook
Bay.
WINTER EGGS YIELD NO PROFIT
Cost of Production About 75 Cents a
Dozen. Says Ponltryman,
REEDVILLE. Or.. Dec. 4. (To the
Editor.) I would Jike to say a few
words In regard to thpse who com
plain that It costs so much to keep
their bread baskets filled. Whaf Is
their object In boycotting the poultry
man? Do they want to put him out
of business? There is not much chance
of hurting tha cold storage interests,
as they are one-fourth short on their
egg crop at present, and they are able
to take care of themselves. They must
have it In their heads that the fellow
with a few. hundred bens .is making
a fortune.
I wish to Inform them that many of
us are not making expenses at pres
ent. With wheat, at retail, 2 Vi cents
a pound, corn 3 cents, oats 3 cents;
with bran, shorts and middlings away
up, grit shell and charcoal high, and
a poor year for developing pullets,
what could they expect?
1 sent to Portland six weeks ago
three dozen eggs, the produce of one
wek, that coat me $9, besides my
labor. I received $1.35 for them. The
farmers' hens are not laying eggs In
the Winter time and many a poultry
man's hens are not paying expenses
now.
Where would they get the fresh,
sterile egg that is raised under san
itary conditions if they put the small
poultryman out of business tributary
to Portland? Perhaps the boycotters
are eating cold storage and stale eggs,
and that is what ails them. If such is
the case, I would advise them to stop
4t at once, and start eating fresh, ster
ile eggs so the producer can get some
where near the cost of production,
which is 75 cents per dozen.
E. L. JAMES.
GOOD EGG PROFIT IS ESTIMATED
Consumer Attempts to Turn Producer'
I'lKurra Against Illnl.
PORTLAND. Dec. 5. (To the Editor.)
In your editorial Tuesday morning
under the caption "Who Is to Blame?"
you quote from an article by a subur
ban egg producer wherein you say ho
has stated his case very plainly.
According to the statement of this
producer, who evidently . feels himself
injured and aggrieved, he sold in 1915
about 300 dozen -esgs for which he re
ceived 85, or 2S 1-3 cents per dozen.
The cost of food for this production
was $30, or 10 cents per dozen. In 1916
ha sold about the same number of
eggs, the food cost of which was $45.
or 15 cents per dozen. The producer
does not say what he received for these,
eggs, but' it is evident that if he re
ceived his proportion of the increase of
cost to the consumer, his returns must
have been at elast 45 cents per dozen.
From this It would appear that the
producer, by increasing his cost 3 cents
per dozen. Increased his profit 16 2-3
cents per dozen, or something over 330
per cent.
To the average and ordinary business
man this would be a satisfactory profit,
and it would not appear that a man
was gifted with much business acumen
or perspicacity who would cut off the
heads of perfectly good and faithful
hens under such conditions.
A VERY MODEST CONSUMER.
WORK FOR VOLUNTEER FIREMEN
Clerical Jobs in Addition to Other Un
rruiunrratrd Services Proposed.
- TILLAMOOK, Or., Dec. 4. (To the
Editor.) Oh. I say! A brand new fire
marshal! Doesn't Harvey Wells know
that every volunteer fire department
is the best on earth, and that every
chief of a volunteer fire company is.
the only one that ever happened? Would
you degrade the boys to the level of
mere Sheriff, Constable, policeman and
the rest of the army of officials who
are now all paid to prevent crime, in
cluding arson?
The idea to have fire chiefs report to
the state official all the details of
every fire within 10 days Is good. The
reports" might be devised with all the
ingenuity of a well-paid official who
has nothing else to do. and by all
means attach a severe penalty In case
of failure to report on time. You know
the volunteer firemen get sucft a big
salary nothing a month and board and
clothe themselves.
But would it be possible to slip one
over on the Legislature take the pros
pective expenses, of the proposed new
office, including salary and extras, and
spread it around among the fire boys
as an encouragement to do better work,
if possible? A little help In that line
would be appreciated, and would pro
duce just as good, if not better, results.
' THOMAS COATES.
Jobs In Pallmaa Service.
GRANTS PASS, Or., Dec. 5. (To the
Editor.) Would be 'pleased to have
you publish the addresses as to the
proper place to apply for- position of
Pullman conductor of the different or
principal railroads out of Portland.
A CONSTANT READER.
Write to Charles Lincoln, district
superintendent, Pullman Company,
room 25, Union Depot, Portland, Or.
Knr Way to Settle It.
PORTLAND, Dec 4. (To the Edi
tor.) Why is this not an effectual way
to settle the illegitimacy problem?
When a man marries, let him take the
woman's name. This will end all con
troversy as to the name of the child.
SUBSCRIBER.
J