Morning Oregonian., November 08, 1916, Page 10, Image 10

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TITE 3IOKXING OREGOXIAN. .WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 8, 1916.
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POEIIAXD, OREGON.
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PORTLAND, WEDNESDAY, NOV. 8, 1916.
AMERICA RESURGENT.
The spirit of '76 and '61 the voice
ef a dominant and triumphant Amer
icanismhas prevailed, and Charles
Evans Hughes has been elected Presi
dent of the United States.
The easiest way Is not the best way
for a great, proud, self-respecting and
capable Nation.
Duty done is the record demanded
of an American Administration; duty
avoided makes no' call upon its con
science or its pride.
A President for all the people, and
not a President for some of the peo
ple, fulfills the American tradition and
realizes the American ideal. For that
reason, Mr. Hughes has the verdict
from the sovereign states of the Union.
FRENCH VICTORY AT VEEDCJf.
One of the outstanding events of the
war is the rapid recapture by the
French of Forts Douaumont and
Vaux north of "Verdun. It ranks with
the rapid blows by which Germany
smashed the forts of Liege, Namur
and Antwerp and overpowered the
Russians on the Donajec River.
The long-continued battle for Ver
dun is without parallel in the history
of war. Sieges' have lasted for years,
but never before has a battle been
renewed day after day for eight
months, especially between armies of
such magnitude, equipped with artil
f lery of such destructive force. The
. battle was begun by the Germans on
February 21, and on February 25 they
captured Fort Douaumont. They
hammered away, expecting in a few
days to enter Verdun, but they con
sumed months in gaining Fort Vaux,
Damloup battery, the Thiaumont work
and Fleury, east of the Meuse, and
the heights west of that rives from
which the eastern heights could be
enfiladed. The French held on grimly,
with the password "They shall not
pass," and have more than made it
good. From a military standpoint the
position was not worth the sacrifice
made by either army, but the Ger
mans, having undertaken its seizure,
could not abandon the attempt with
out confessing defeat, while to France
Its retention became equally a symbol
of victory.
Notwithstanding heroism without
precedent, even in the glorious annals
of France, the Germans made gradual,
though slow, progress. When the
Anglo-French offensive on the Somme
began on July 1, they had driven the
French back to the inner ring of forts
and to the last hills which overlook
the Meuse. The French were in the
last ditch, and the belief is that the
Somme attack was hastened by a few
days in order to relieve the pressure.
It forced the Germans steadily to
withdraw men and guns from Verdun,
and it gave the French time to in
crease their artillery, especially of the
new sixteen-inch guns, until it became
overwhelming. The Germans further
weakened their forces in order to farm
the armies of Von Mackensen and
Von Falkenhayn, which were neces
sary to keep Bulgaria in line and to
prevent Invasion of Hungary.
General' Nivelle began a bombard
ment on October 24, which was so
terrific that it smothered the German
fire. It was followed by an Infantry
attack so irresistible that in six hours
it recouped the most serious losses of
the preceding eight months. Eight
days later Fort Vaux was so nearly
surrounded that the Germans aban
doned it in order to escape capture.
The most valuable part of the ground
which had been won in eight month3
at the cost of half a million Germans
was lost in as many days, and the
heart of France was lifted up to a new
determination to see it through.
Some ascribe this dramatic event to
under-estimates by the Germans of
French reserve forces. While this
may be, there is as good reason to
believe that in revising the plan . of
campaign upon becoming Chief of
Staff, Von Hindenburg voluntarily
risked the loss of that which the
Crown Prince had gained, his purpose
being to use his forces to gain or hold
ground in other fields which was of
far more military importance. It was
necessary to limit Anglo-French gains
on the Somme in ordei to avoid the
necessity of a general withdrawal in
the west. It was also necessary to
prevent & Russo-Roumanian Invasion
of Bulgaria in order that the road to
Turkey might be kept open and that
the pro-ally party in Bulgaria might
not gain the upper hand; also it was
desirable to gain control of Rou
mania's oil and food supplies. Ad
vance of the Roumanians through
Transylvania into Hungary must be
prevented in order to hold the grain
supply of the latter country and to
prevent the outflanking of the Teu
tons who held the Carpathian passes
from Bukowina. Victory in the east
would amply console the German peo
ple for the sacrifice of ground in the
west, which had small military value.
The allies, on the other hand, can
see in the French success at Verdun
evidence that the German man power
has so shrunk that it can gain ground
in one field of operations only by
yielding in another field; also that
their gun power is at least equal, if
not superior, to that of the Teutons.
They will feel encouraged to look
forward to the day when the Teutons
will be no longer capable of an of
fensive on any front, but will be every
where on the defensive. To neutral
onlookers this latest swing of the
pendulum Implies prolongation of the
war to a day which confounds the
best guesser.
A Boston writer has performed a
doubtful service for literature by com.
piling a dictionary of 285 substitutes
for the word "say." The demand, as
will hav been observed by readers
of ultra-modern polite fiction. Is espe
cially keen in vacation novel factories,
but it is not confined to these. "Stated
he" and "murmured she" and "bel
lowed the boss." and so on down the
line, are all provided in the new dic
tionary so completely that it will be
absolutely unnecessary for the young
author, who is properly studious or
has a copy of the newest thesaurus
before him, to have his characters
"say" a word over again. Perhaps it
is a part of our growing longing for
change in everything such a longing
as has resulted in the wearing of fan
tastic garments by some women and
the restlessness of the man who no
sooner gets an automobile than he
begins thinking about what next year's
model is going to look like. We may
be headstrong sometimes, but we are
not going to be called old-fashioned if
we can help it, even in our use of
language.
FREE RIOT.
Something more than the right of
free speech is involved in the disor
derly and murderous affray at
Everett, Wash., last Sunday. It
is the right of a citizen, or any
body, in a free country, to go about
his business without molestation from
hecklers, or heelers, or hoboes, and
the right of a community to have
peace and order in the pursuit of Its
own affairs.
A strike of shingle-weavers has been
under way at Everett and the I. W. W.
(Industrial Workers of the World,
they call themselves) concluded to
take a hand. There were scenes of
disorder and lawlessness, incited by
the I. W. W., and they were finally
expelled from the town by the local
authorities, aided by citizens. Last
Monday some of the so-called Workers
returned and they were again put out.
Then followed a call to arms from the
leaders of the organization, summon
ing their followers from all quarters
to march on Everett and "vindicate
the right of free speech."
The men were armed, and they
numbered about 300. and it was their
intention to defy the' forces of law
and order in order nominally to assert
an abstract principle and actually to
insist upon their privilege of playing
the common nuisance wherever and
however they saw fit and of making
their usual contribution to social and
political unrest and excitement. The
soap box is the prized habitat of the
average L W. W. and a Sheriff or a
policeman is the common enemy.
Seven men are dead as a result of
the I. W. W. excursion, and the cause
of free riot has not been materially
helped by them. THey say they are
going to have the Everett citizens
arrested for murder; but it is not
likely they will try it. An appeal to
the law would have been far more ap
propriate when they were driven out
of Everett. If they were there for any
lawful purpose, they would have got
protection. But instead they sought
their own remedy force and mur
der Is the result. If they had a
grievance, they lost the right to- have
it satisfied by orderly processes when
they proposed at the point of the
pistol to coerce the people of Everett
to tolerate their presence.
PROBLEM OF UNUSED LAND.
There is a vast amount of good agri
cultural land in Oregon lying idle and
useless because the owners, chiefly
large corporations, have not sold it to
those who could and would make use
of it. All know that, and recognize
the fact that Oregon would be a far
different state from what it is if there
never had been any of our public
domain given to railroad and wagon
road builders. But it was done, and
there is no use in crying about it.
But' let us look at the matter in
another way. Is it not true that not
50 per cent of the land held in private
ownership and presumably farmed is
bringing in anything like the returns
it should? We have in Oregon a few
as good farmers as there are in the
world; we also have some who are
shiftless or indifferent. We all know.
But there is still another class doing
as much harm as the shiftless ones
mentioned, and they are the fellows
who farm from 40 to 60 per cent of
their land and allow the rest to lie
idle, the most of it covered with brush,
producing no returns whatever, a pest
to the neighborhood, an eyesore to
every observer. You can find thou
sands of acres of it near Portland, as
good land as the sun ever shone upon
lying waste, dormant, unused. Tet
if you try to buy that land you will
find the owner asking anywhere from
$100 to $300 an acre for it.
As you decry against the railroad
grants and the road - grants because
the former are not sold at low prices,
do not forget these small sinners, who
are doing quite as much to hold us
back as the grantees of the vast tracts
did.
It is the condition they provide that
gives a form of foundation for recur
rent single-tax agitation. There are
among us those who would wipe out
all private titles in order to reach un
used land, thus inflicting injustice on
the many along with an element of
Justice on the few. Their agitation is
as great an obstacle to Oregon's full
advancement as are the more direct
effects of holding land at unreasonable
prices.
-
6TILL IN POLITICS.
One obstacle to the attempt to keep
down the city tax levy confronted by
the Commission this year is previous
postponement of obligations in order
to make a temporary and superficial
showing of economy. This policy was
adopted following enactment of pro
hibition and the loss of saloon license
revenues.
It is a policy that is peculiar to a
system of frequent election of offi
cials, whose main interest is likely to
be not so much public service as the
remuneration of the office.
Dayton, Ohio, when it adopted the
Commission Manager system, en
countered the effects of that policy.
The previous administrations had used
the proceeds of bond issues to pay
certain current expenses and had fixed
a comparatively small levy. Under
the new charter the tax rate rose, but
floating debts were paid . off. Since
the first year of the new form the
tax levy has steadily decreased.
But significant of what a city man
agement can actually accomplish in
an emergency was the result of a cir
cumstance which arose in 1916. When
the year was more than half over
the county authorities, acting under
the peculiar Ohio law, cut off $164,000
of expected revenue from Dayton. Tet
the Commission and Manager were
able to readjust the municipal pro-,
gramme within a few hours, so that
the year was finished without a
deficit.
We fancy the Portland Commission
could have done as well, in spite of
the loss of saloon license revenues, had
all members been as interested in run
ning the city as they were in running
for office). It la apparent that there
is to be more postponement of In
evitable obligations this year.
The Portland charter eliminates
partisan politics only. Politics, of the
personal kind, still influences much of
the activities at the City Hall.
MAKING FARM LIFE PLEASANT.
"Good farming depends upon good
neighboring. Living on good terms
with folks is a part of modern farm
ing as truly as -knowing how to farm."
Thus reads the first paragraph of a
farm, bulletin Issued recently by the
Wisconsin Agricultural College.
The bulletin mentioned goes on to
say: "A higher level of efficiency is
reached in the science and art of local
agriculture when families know one
another, well and meet frequently."
Wisconsin, through its great college,
was among the first to differentiate its
treatment of the subject of farming
with a campaign for the benefit prin
cipally of the farmers' wives and fam
ilies, for better neighboring, f closer
communication for all and everything
tending to elevate and make the farm
folk happier and better contented.
While the art of agriculture has
nothing to do with management of the
household, with the play spells of the
mothers and children, with the fur
nishing of the parlor or better condi
tions in the kitchen, still It is true that
for the farmer to get the best returns
from his farm labors in dollars and
cents the entire machinery of the
farm, indoors and outdoors, must run
like clock-work, regularly and almost
unerringly. To do that, father, mother
and the boys and girls must pull to
gether as a unit, which cannot be
done as one would manage so many
serfs or slaves.
The greatest of all 6teps toward a
united household is a better under
standing with each other, a closer
communion, days of play and evenings
of enjoyment in the home and In the
homes of neighbors, in grange, farm
clubs and other meetings.
There is too little of this spirit in
Oregon, but many of our communities
are endeavoring to get closer together
through the medium of various clubs,
composed chiefly of the young, and
beginning with corn, pig and other
clubs in the public schools. That' is
good, and the fathers and mothers
should not only encourage the young
sters in such work, but should go with
them to the meetings and get in closer
touch with the neighbors.
Farm life can be made more pleas
ant than city life, if the matter 'is
taken hold of in the right way and
followed up with the right spirit. If
this Is done, the answer to the back-
to-the-farm movement will not be dif
ficult to discern.
REAL CAUSES OF CAR SHORTAGE.
Railroads in the United States and
Canada increased heir purchases of
cars and locomotives in 1916, but not
nearly in proportion to the shortage
which now prevails. The total num
ber of freight cars ordered in the ten
months ending October 31 was 88,398,
against 70,798 in the same period of
last year. The orders for locomotives
were 2130 against 1612. But so long
as shippers are permitted to use cars
as warehouses and so long as inade
quate terminals cause cars to stand
idle during days and even weeks of
congestion, there will be a shortage of
cars whenever traffio requires service
of the full supply. Also, so long as
railroads pay a practically nominal
charge for the use of each other's cars.
they will hold in their own service all
the cars they get on their lines nd
will leave the owning roads to whistle
at a remuneration of 45 cents per day
per car.
The question of car supply on Amer
ican railroads has become as impor
tant to the American as war has made
the question of vessel supply to the
British people. The British govern
ment has taken control of the use to
which British vessels shall be put in
time of war; the United States Gov
ernment will find It necessary to regu
late every part of railroad manage
ment which affects car supply. The
Interstate Commerce Commission may
be given authority to make orders
which will insure the maximum serv
ice of cars by penalizing the dilatory
shipper, the railroad which does not
provide enough cars for its own traf
fic, the railroad which uses other
roads' cars and the railroad which is
too slow in moving cars.
The last-mentioned point brings up
the question of terminals, for the
greatest cause of Eastern congestion
is the Inadequacy of terminals to make
up and break up trains. Enlarge
ment of terminals requires large cap
ital expenditure, which is possible only
by maintaining credit of the roads
at a high standard. That can be done
only with thorough efficiency, honesty
and economy in finance and manage
ment, and with rates which yield rev
enue sufficient to pay the current rate
of profit on invested capital. The
present blockade Is the consequence
of railroads' inability to make ter
minal Improvements and to provide
cars sufficient to handle the flood of
traffio which now overwhelms them.
This inability was due to low credit
arising from insufficient income.
which in turn was due to the people's
refusal to permit higher rates. The
people were punishing the railroads
for past misdeeds. They now discover
that, in so doing, they punished them
selves and are paying the penalty.
GOOD MANNERS AND TRADE.
Education in some of the finer
points of what we commonly call
manners" Is to be part of the coming
course of study of salesmanship for
Americans, if they succeed ln getting
a share of the trade of South America,
Whether we deserve it or not, we are
not in high standing in this regard
among Latin-Americans. Frederick J.
Stimson. United States Ambassador to
Argentina, recently emphasized this
point in an address, and pointed out
that we are confronted with other
problems than factory costs and bank
credits if we are to make headway to
ward permanent business relations.
One of the first essentials Is a better
understanding of the kind of people
we are to deal with.
In the first place, says Ambassador
Stimson, the people of Argentina have
& civilization older than ours. They
have a university at Cordoba, in the
foothills of the Andes, some twenty
years older than Harvard, and as
Latins they take pride In the belief
that they have a culture dating back
2000 years or more, while they say
that the Anglo-Saxons are entitled to
make no such boast. Of course, if
we are seeking them as customers
we shall be too polite to dispute them
on this score, whether we agree with
them fully or not. But it is true that
they do place emphasis on education
that they have an altruistic conception
of the duties of those who are more
fortunate in financial affairs than
their neighbors, and that they do not
esteem an Idler merely because he is
rich. It is their conception of social
ethics that a man so situated as to
be able to do so should qualify him
self to become a leader, or at laast
contribute something to the thought
of the world. High value Is placed
upon the honors of learning. It Is a
fact that In a South American coun
try a visitor will meet a surprisingly
large number of men versed In inter
national law and history.
It may be disconcerting to Ameri
cans to find they are not highly re
garded wherever they may go. but our
experience in Europe In. the years
immediately preceding the war was
beginning to disillusion us. There
were exceptions, of course, but mainly
Americans were rated for their ability
to spend money and for nothing much
else, and were treated with kindly
tolerance by those who had designs
on their purses. In South America
the situation will be reversed, if we
are going after business seriously. We
shall have need of all our artifices
to making a good Impression and
undo the damage already done. We
shall need to study etiquette out of
a new book. We are noted now for
being brusque and business-like. We
must cultivate the graces, too. An
Argentinan. for example, regards It
as the height of bad manners to ad
dress a letter to "John Smith, care of
Senor So-and-So." He would write
it, "Senor So-and-So, for John Smith."
We call this nonsense and are too
Intent on our main purpose, which is
to sell the goods, to pay attention
to little things. But the reformation
must come. It is going to be im
pressed upon Americans, at their cost,
if they do not heed.
We have a reputation for "hustle"
already made, but It will not avail
among a people who do not particu
larly regard "hustle" as a cardinal
virtue. It Is admitted that we have
kind hearts, on the whole, but the
opinion of us Is that we are thought
less. Latins think that haste does
not excuse Indifference. There is also
a strong idea that we are too vocal
in our assertion of our democratic
spirit, which seems to men -of sensi
tive natures to be In bad taste. And
at any rate, whether our manners are
worse than other people's or not. It Is
up to us to change them if we are
to make substantial progress In the
new field in a business way.
That hope does spring eternal In the
human breast, as the poet said It did.
Is Illustrated by the experience of the
warden of the State Penitentiary of
Maryland, who recently established a
school where convicts are taught to
read and write and who has found
life-termers to be among the most
avid of his students and the most
earnest In application to their studies.
The percentage of illiteracy in the
Maryland prison Is said to be high,
by comparison with similar institu
tions in the Western states, and 60
per cent of all the inmates have volun
tarily enrolled in the school. Another
disclosure of the new order of things
is that the prisoners take especial de
light in a military organization that
has been formed, and a drill squad
of 400 members, officered by com
petent leaders, shows great pride in
the precision of its evolutions. The
Maryland warden says he has man
aged to awaken Interest without "cod
dling" the men and he has much hope
for the success of his system.
The tide of war prosperity continues
to rise in the United States. Exports
In September beat all records, exceed
ing the record August total by nearly
$3,000,000. September Imports were
over $35,000,000 less than those for
August and were exceeded by exports
to the amount of $348,719,343, a fa
vorable trade balance greater than
the total exports for September, 1915,
and exceeding that for August this
year by $38,000,000. Our exports
seem to have settled down to a month
ly total of over $500,000,000. The
trade balance for the nine months
ending September was $2,117,552,501,
as compared with $1,229,447,337 in
the same period of 1915. If the pace
set by September should be kept up
during the remainder of the year, the
total trade balance for 1916 will con
siderably exceed $3,000,000,000.
The official military strategist of
The Oregonian was more disgusted
with the miserable strategy of the I.
W. W. army than with its lawless
action. When repulsed at the Everett
wharf, they headed the steamer back
to Seattle, where they ran right into
the arms of the police. Any General
who cannot do better than that de
serves to go to Jail. Tet those men
want to run the United States.
Plumbers at Billings, Mont., are
past masters in increasing the high
cost of tinkering. They are striking
for $8 a day. In extenuation of what
are held to be high charges for work,
it will be observed many times that
plumbers are obliged to dig and delve
In dark and dirty holes and corners,
and that Is worth something.
Women three million years ago had
to grab their skirts and leap on a
very high stool when a pillotherlum
scurried across the floor. The pillo
therlum, by the way, was a rat as
big as a modern bear, and the bones
of one have recently been dug up In
Colorado.
Some men should not be allowed by
law to marry. Here is one who seeks
a. decree because his wife, ho alleges,
made him cook his own meals, and
this in a city that has eating-houses
innumerable. The mother of a man
of that kind did not raise him right.
Great Britain's demand on Mexico
to preserve strict neutrality on Ger
man submarines is legitimate, as she
hasN the power to enforce it. The
United States cannot interfere, being
very busy in the interior, watching
Americans get killed.
The Republican National Committee
lived up to its promise to add "pep"
to the campaign as it went on. It
gave us an old-fashioned wind-up with
red fire and parades In many places,
which got the people keyed up to the
voting point.
The weather man must be a suffra
gist, else why did he provide the
women with such a fine day for their
first vote for President.
There is comfort in sight. There
will be a day of thanksgiving for
victor and vanquished in three weeks.
The German view of the Somme
drive is that it is another. Verdun, the
gain not worth the price.
It pays to be a good losor. Some
times It Is not the lucky man that is
elected.
Maine is again vindicated as the
state which points the way.
Tony Weller never contemplated a
"wldder" with $70,000,000,
How to Keep Well.
By Dr. W. A, Etsss.
Questions rertlnent to hygiena. sanitation
and prevention of disease, if matters of gen
eral Interest, will be answered in this col
umn. Where apace will not permit or the
subject Is not suitable, letter will be per
sonally answered, subject to proper limita
tions and where stamped addressed envelope
is inclosed. Dr. Evana will not make diagnosis
or prescribe for Individual diseases. Re
quests for such services cannot be answered.
(Copyright. 1916. by Dr. W. A.. Evans.
Published by arrangement with the Chicago
Trlbuue.)
Blindness of Babies.
ONE-HALF of all the blindness is
preventable. One-tenth of all the
preventable blindness is due to ba
bies' sore eyes. Stephenson describes
babies sore eyes as "an Inflammatory
disease of the conjunctiva usually ap
pearing within the first few days of
life and generally due to micro-organisms."
These terms may be too technical.
Let us state It again in simpler lan
guage. Within two days after the birth
of the baby some matter Is noticed in
the corner of the eyes. Within an hour
or two it will be noticed that the eyes
are red and yellow pus la oozing from
between the lids. A little later the
eyelids are noticed to be puffed. If a
little of this pus be placed under the
mlscrosoope It will be seen that the
suppuration Is due to pus germs.
The more frequent pus germs caus
ing babies' sore eyes are gonococcl,
chain cocci and pneumonia cocci.
Babies' sore eyes are preventable, are
contagious, are curable If treatment la
started early. If treatment is de
layed a single day it may be found
that the sight la gone, since the dis
ease runs a very rapid and violent
course.
Some mothers think that babies' sore
eyes are due to the light or to cold.
Some even think that It Is due to the
conjure put on the baby by some evil
person. The first group of mothers
laugh at the Ignorance and supersti
tion of the second group, but without
justice, since their opinion Is no near
er the truth than that of those at
whom they laugh.
Babies' sore eyes are an infection
and are due to pus cocci getting Into
the eye during birth, at the time of
birth, or soon after. Thirty-six years
ago a German hospital surgeon. by
name Credo, noted that one-ninth of
the babies born In his hospital de
veloped babies' sore eyes. He com
menced the policy of dropping a 2 per
cent solution of nitrate of silver into
the eyes of each baby as soon as It
had Its bath. In six years the babies'
sore eyes rate in his hospital dropped
from one In nine to one in 400.
The result of this experience was a
new policy In caring for the eyes of a
newly-born babe. Immediately after
birth the babe Is given his bath and
his eyes are treated. Each eye la
wiped with a piece of absorbent cotton
dipped In a saturated solution of borlo
acid (boiled water will do as well as
borlo acid solution). A Separate pled
get of cotton is used for each eye.
The cotton Is not put back Into the
solution after touching the eye. Next
the eyelids are gently separated with
the fingers and one drop or two drops
of 1 per cent solution of nitrate of
silver is dropped into each eye. This
is dona only once. It is done not to
cure sore eyes, but to prevent eyes
from becoming sore.
If the eyes begin to suppurate the
doctor must be sent for without delay.
The sight cannot be saved unless
treatment Is begun at once.
Essentially the above facts are taken
from an illustrated pamphlet on "Sav
ing the Sight of Babies," issued by the
National committee for the prevention
of blindness. This committee, located
at 130 East Twenty-second street.
New York, has Issued a series of six
pamphlets on preventable blindness.
They will give one pamphlet to any
person sending a stamped addressed
envelope. The pamphlets can be bought
for a few cents each.
Leukemia.
Kindly let me know what causes my
7-year-old boy to have leukemia. He
was always a strong, husky child and
was never sick; had the best of care.
A few weeks ago he got a cough. I
called a doctor; be tapped him twice
and got two quarts of a bloody fluid.
Spleen is now enlarged and the heart
is pushed to the right side. There Is
so much fluid he Is losing appetite.
Kindly tell me in your opinion what
caused it and If you think there Is any
cure. All family healthy."
Reply.
The cause of leukemia Is not known. There
Is a theory that acute leukemia is a result
of Infection entering through the gums, ton
sils or nose. This theory la founded on the
sudden development of a few cases subse
quent to dental work and manipulation of
the nose and tonsils. Some cases of leuke
mia have been apparently cured by X-rays
given with special tubes.
Dnniloess at Work.
S. L. S. writes: "Will you kindly in
form me as to the cause of a drowsy
feeling every afternoon around 2 or 3
o'clock? I am a stenographer, and
around that time in the afternoon 1
can barely keep my eyes open.
Reply.
If you will eat a lighter lunch and then
take a brisk walk at noon and will open a
window near your desk you will not be
troubled with drowsiness In the afternoon.
Wbooplnjr Coach Vaccine.
Mrs. O. M, W. writes: " (1) While
sitting in a badly-ventilated streetcar
this afternoon with my 18-months-oId
boy a little girl across the aisle
coughed as If she had the whooping
cough. I moved to the front of the car
and opened the door, but am afraid
he might have contracted it while sit
ting there. Is it likely? If be did. is
there anything I can do to prevent the
cough from developing? (2) Is there
anything to the theory that the con
stant wearing of tennis shoes by a
child is hard on the eyes?"
Reply.
L Whooping cough vaccina 1 of service
In such cases. The Incubation period of
whooping cough Is seven to 14 days. There
fore you would have time to use the vaccine.
2. No. Wearing of a aoft-soled shoe
strengthens the arch of tha foot. The eyes
are altogether out of It.
Am to Certificate of Deposit.
PORTLAND, Nov. 7. Does a certifi
cate of deposit in any bank have to be
renewed every seven years or may it
run indefinitely? A SUBSCRIBER.
It is a disputed point. Better renew
it every six years (not seven) and be
on the safe side.
He Could Not.
IRONSIDE. Or.. Nov. 3. (To the Edi
tor.) If a man is threshing grain for
the public in a certain locality, and
if he should go by a man's place and
not thresh his grain, could or could
not this man make the man who was
threshing come back to thresh his
grain by lawZ TRUE READER,
ATTRACTIONS COULD BE ADDED
Writer Soggeits Mean of Opening.
HlSbvray to More People..
PORTLAND. Nov. 7. (To the Editor.)
Knowing the great interest you are
caking in developing Oregon, in fact
the Pacific Coast, so as to attract the
world's tourists, I must say I was much
interested in reading in The Orego
nian Wednesday of the Interest that
was being taken to beautify the Co
lumbia River Highway. I really think
many thanks are due to the City Coun
cil for giving all the surplus shrubbery
from the city nursery toward this pur
pose. And while this subject Is up, I
would like to call attention to our peo
ple to the great necessity of develop
ing a walk or boulevard for pedes
trians and horseback riders along the
Highway.
It Is a well-known and admicted fact
that if you wish to eeo the beauties of
the Columbia River Highway you must
walk or ride, and today it is a Ions
way from being safe to walk, as when
the automobiles are anything like thick
along there you are liable to be right
up against it. I have on several oc
casions myself had to walk into the
ditch to save myself, and have seen
others do the same. In fact I have
had many complaints made to me re
garding this condition.
Now. there is a plan under way for
securing a bunch of ponies and don
keys so that our own people, as well
as the tourists, will be able not only
to ride along and see the beauties of
the Highway, but can also take some
of the many beautiful side trips. And
if we are going to get part of the
many millions that the tourists of the
world are spending In sightseeing, we
must provide some accommodations for
them, and I would like to suggest (as
there is about 20 feet on each side of
the present Highway, for the greater
part of the way. belonging - to the
county) that a walk for pedestrians
and a track for riding animals to walk
on be built. This could be done on
both sides of the road. or. one side
could be used for pedestrians and the
other for riders. A like condition ex
lets on the Hudson River Driveway, as
well as many other places.
Now. there walks, or boulevards If
you like, need not cost very much, as
thev need not hp hard-surfaced. I be
lieve most of the material could be
found along the road, so that It would
only be for the work, and that need
not require much skilled labor.
And another thing; we must see that
In the next Legislature there must be
a herd law passed prohibiting the
roaming of cattle alng this Highway.
Tf not. Multnomah County one of these
davs will be paying some hie clnmsge
suits. CHAS. COOrEY.
AFTER TIIE B ATTLE.
The battle Is over 'twas bitterly
fought the victors are whooping, the
vanquished are hot: the losers regret
fully settle their bets, the winners are
paying their outstanding debts, and
legions are wearing new three-dollar
hats and poking the doners with glee
in the slats. All over the land with
a mob at their heels the losers are
pushing: wheelbarrowmobiles. while
winners ride In them with tailor-bent
pins, their faces distorted with Jub
ilant grins. The barbers are mowing
mustaches from lips and disrobing
chins with the glittering clips and fool
men with toothpicks at clubs sadly
play shinny with neanuts along the
highway. The girlie who promised
John Henry In fun she'd wed him if
such or such candidate won is wonder
ing now how John Henry will take
his medicine Dill after losing the staice.
Now bet-losing hubbies In all of the
states In gaudy new scenery dress their
dear mates, and many who won rrom
their wifies recline r.t ease wearing
slippers of crazy design. And thus
It was ever, and ever will be, in this
land of the brave and the home of the
free freak bettors will do their ridicu
lous stunts with half-shamed grins and
laborious grunts, while sensible ones
will, with smiles, come across and enter
the sums under "Profit and Loss."
JAMES BARTON APAM3.
Ilovr to Tan Hide.
PORTLAND. Nov. 7. (To the Editor.)
Please publish a receipt for tanning a
small hide with the riir on.
SUBSCRIBER.
Mix bran into soft water until there
Is enough of the mixture to cover the
skin. Put It into the bran water and
keep covered for 24 hours. Then re
move, wash clean and carefully scrape
off all flesh. Prepare a tanning liquor
by dissolving one pound of alum and
one-half pound of salt In one gallon of
hot water. When the liquor is cool
put the skin Into It for 24 hours. Then
dry and rub well or work out soft.
Immerse skin again in the liquor for 24
hours and then dry as before. Then
Immerse in a mixture of oatmeal and
warm water or flour and water for
24 hours. Then dry and work out soft.
This makes white and soft and fit for
Immediate use.
Naval Gunnery and Federal Tax.
LENTS. Or.. Nov. 6. (To the Edi
tor.) (1) Has the United States any
battle cruisers? 12) What is the per
centage of gunnery In the United
States Navy? (3) What country has
the largest radius of cruising In sub
marines? (4) Do the various states In
the Union help to support the Federal
Government by direct or Indirect tax
ation? ROBERT F. CHAPMAN.
(1) No. (2) Gunnery records are
published by Individual vessels In each
classification. The following vessels
held the records in 1916: Battleships.
Georgia, 8S.347; torpedo class. Pater
son, 87.075; submarines, K-8, &8.026;
cruisers, Galveston. 94.172; gunboats,
Mayflower. 99.063. (3) Probably Ger
many, but such statistics are not fully
available in war-time. (4) The Gov
ernment collects no direct taxes from
the states. Its chief income Is from
internal revenue taxes (cigars, liquor.
Income, stamp tax. etc) and tariff rev
enues. Prices Paid for Coins.
ORE3UAM, Or.. Nov. 6. (To the Edi
tor.) Is there a premium on the fol
lowing coins, if so how much and where
could I redeem them? One-cent piece,
dated I860; 1-cent piece, dated lbtf-;
2-cent piece, dated 1464; 3-cent piece,
all silver, dated 1865?
CONSTANT READER.
The only coin of the list in demand
by collectors Is the 3-cent piece of 1865.
It has a market value of about 60 cents.
Write to New York Stamp & Coin Com
pany. New York City.
Information on South America.
BAKER, Or., Nov. 6. (To the Edi
tor.) (1) In counting the words of a
manuscript intended for magazine pub
lication is "a" classed as a word? (2)
Where can one obtain pamphlets, lit
erature, etc., pertaining to commercial,
financial and labor conditions in South
American states. Chile or the Argen
tine, for example? M. E. BROWN.
(1) Yes. (2) Write to Director, Pan
American Union, Washington. U. C.
Prices Paid for Coins.
WOODLAND, Wash., Nov. 6. (To the
Editor.) Please let me know if an
American gold piece of- the mintage of
1849 has any more than face value.
S. M. F.
It depends on its denomination. A
double-eagle of 1S69 is worth about
.100, $3 piece, S.60; SI piece. 11.75,
In Other Days.
Half m Century Ago.
From The Oregonian. November 8, lsso.
A movement Is on foot among the
Good Templars to start a temperance
organ at Salem.
The Willamette University bas Just
received a new bell weighing 610
pounds.
Several foot races have been held in
Olympia the past few days at which an
enterprising Webfoot boy has cleaned
out the Olympian sports of their loose
change.
Cornelius VanderbUt is spoken of aa
mo musi prominent canciaato for the
.resiliency or the New York Central
Railroad, left vacant hv th cv. .r
the late Dean Richmond.
Our eilrl t-J . xj -r , r . . .
- . rficecr, eaiiea
yesterday upon the steamer Montana
bound for his former home in the state
of Ohio. Mr. 1L has for four yeara
been a resident of this citv. two years
- umo ny Auaitor. He has
Deen a popular and efficient officer
and he leaves & hn.r rt f.-i... i . v i
city. W e wish him health and success
ucicer no may go.
Recent rains have raised the Wil
lamette to an excellent boating stave
".th boat3 making regular trips
with heavy cargoes of freight.
Tvrenry-flvo Years Abo.
Prom The Oregonian. November 8. 1S31
Olympia. The courtmartial of
Colonel Haines took a recess hero yes
terday without deciding the case
Colonel Haines seemed to have the
best of It.
Numerous bank failures are being
reported throughout the country, es
pecially in Pennsylvania. Kansas and
Massachusetts.
Hyams. Pauson Company's new
store In Portland, -The Hub." at the
northwest corner of First and Taylor
streets, has been formally opened. The
opening attracted quite a concourse of
people,
Cork. The election returns show
Martin Flavin elected to the vacancv
in the Commons, with John E. Redmond
second and Captain Sarsfield. third.
C. J. Peterson, the well-known sten
ographer who acted as Superintendent
Mitchell's assistant at the exposition,
left last night on a pleasure trip to
San Francisco.
Mrs. Julia E. Towle. who for some
months was tne successful manager of
a girls' boarding house here, has re
turned from Seattle, where the was
engaged similarly.
Albert Klingenberg. pianist, wl'.l give
a concert tha latter part of this month.
IL C. Fenton and Magirie Kenton vis
ited the last week at Oregon City as
the guests of C. O. T. Williams.
Tho proprietors of the first-class
saloons say they are willing to close
on Sunday.
The United States Grand Jury has
indicted B. P. Watson for sending
through the mails his Sunday Mer
cury containing at two different times
obscene stories. J. W. Hibbert- was
also Indicted for sending through the
mails a copy of his Astoria Town Talk,
containing a lottery advertisement.
OWN SELECTION ALWAYS IRGED
Hygiene Society Advises Only 2 Per
Cent of What Doctors to Consult.
PORTLAND, Nov. 7. (To the Edi
tor.) As a few physicians who have
been misinformed concerning the alms
and methods of tha advisory depart
ment of the Oregon Hygiene Society
have given a wrong Impression in cer
tain quarters concerning our work, the
directors ask that you publish the fol
lowing letter, written to one of the
objecting physicians, which accurately
states our position.
W. T. FOSTER.
President The Oregon Hygiene Society.
Portland. Oct. 28. Dear Sir I thank you
for your letter, and I assure you that, as
president of the Oregon Social Hygiene So
ciety, 1 am grateful for help from any source
which will enable us moro successfully to
carry on the educational work lor which
subscriptions and state appropriations have
been made.
1 unuerstand from your letter that your
sole objection Is thai the society has not ad
lsed applicants to go to you for treatment.
There are various possible ways of deal
ing with men who com to us lor advice
concerning diseases:
A first way la to give them medical treat
ment, but that is impossible lor us, since
our funds are provided lor educational pur
poses oniy.
A second possibility Is to refuse to help
them in any way, but this obwously wou.d
be an lndofenslote course.
A third possibility is to refer ail appli
cants to one ph)siciaa: but Hi. 3 would be
a burden on him, since many of the men
cannot pay for medical treatment.
A fourth possibility wou.d bo to refer all
who appear to need medical treatment to a
clinic, conducted by the medical school of
the University of Oregon, and this we wl.l
gladly do as soon aa tne state makes the
necewiry provision.
Meantime, the oniy possible course seems
to be to use every effort to i;et a pjdicantis
to consult men whom they th,mseies sug
gest, in whom they have continence, and, as
a last resort, to suggest some of tiie men In
whom our directors have confidence.
This last course, has commended itself to
the ltf members of the executive committee
who are nut physicians. If anyone has a
better one to propose we shall be glad to
consider it. These 1!) men are: Les.ic Butler,
P. I. Campbell. Norman F. Coleman. S. L
Eddy. W. G. hlllot, Jr.. Edward tlhrman. A.
F. Fierel. William T. Foster. Li. S. Jusseiyn.
John KavanauKh. William J. Kerr, C It.
WacXaufc-htoti. Gilbert V. Fholrs. It. I. Sa
biu. H. W. Stone, notert II. Mrons. Jonah
IS. Wise. Adoljyhe Woife. W. K. Woodward.
As a matter of fart I find from the care
ful and couipleto records of our advisory de
partment, which are oien to the public, that
for the last eight we ks less than one case
per week has been referred to anybody. I
estimate that this does not constitute - per
cent of the work of the Oregon Soc.al
Hys-lene Society.
I trust you will consider with care the
list of men on our executive !oard who hain
Clven tnany hours a month for ,ars to this
work, with no other condensation than the
satisfaction of serving suftermtr hunnr.ilv.
Surely you would not, even if you could co
so. care to Injure a irreat siatenide work
of such fundamental social iTi.portan-'o
simply because your Judgment differs from
tiiat of the men 1 ho.vo named reaper in
the conduct f 2 per cent of our v..rk.
Sincerely yours. WILLUAS! T. FOSTIIK.
Death of Jesse Jamrft.
MOLALLA. Or, Nov. 6. To the Kdi
tor.) (1) Please advise me when Jcss
James was shot, in what year and
where? l!) In what year was the Ti
tanic sunk, and how many lives were
lost and how many caved. Also who
was to blame. F. M. M.
(1) Jesse James was killed by Bob
Ford at St. Joseph. Mo., in 1SS2.
(2) Titanic was sunk April 14. 1&1S;
153 lives lost: 76 saved; blame not
definitely fixed.
Customs Set Dance.
FORT CANBY. Wash., Nov. 5. (To
the Editor.) Kindly tell me if it is cus
tomary at a private dance for a man
to dance the first dance with his wife.
What Is the proper thing at formal and
Informal dances? H. A. J.
Tes, the first dance may be danced
with your wife at both formal and In
formal dances.
Yea.
ALBANY, Or., Nov. 6. (To the Edi
tor.) Has an office seeker the right
to vote? SUBSCRIBER.