Image provided by: University of Oregon Libraries; Eugene, OR
About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (Sept. 26, 1916)
THE 3IORXIXG OREGONIAN. TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 2G, 1916. WILSON FORECASTS HEW ERA IN TRADE Business Men and Employes Told to Act Together in Their Work. PARTISAN ACTION DEPLORED Time Declared Past When Domestic Market Is Chief Concern Amer ican Business, Says Speaker, Has Burst Its Jacket. (Continued From First Page.) the bands of American business men were tied, the President discussed his Ideals for the new tariff commission. "We have admitted." he said, "that on the one side and on the other side we were talking theories and managing policies without a sufficient knowledge of the facts upon which we were act ing." He added that he hoped he could find men for the commission who will "see the facts and state them, no mat ter whoso opinion those facts contra dict." The President In his address said: 1 want to speak to you about the business situation of the world so far as America is concerned. I am not going to take the liberty of discussing that business situation from the spe cial point of view of your association, because I know that I would be bring ing coals to New Castle. I know that I am speaking to men who understand the relation or the grain business to the business of the, world very much better than I oo, and I know that it is true that, except under very unusual circumstances, such as have existed in the immediate past, the export of grain from this country has been a diminishing part of our foreign com merce rather than an Increasing part, that the increase of our population, the decrease in proportion to that increase of our production of grains, has been rendering the question of foreign markets less important, though still very important, than it was in past generations so far as the dealing in grain is concerned. Grain yield to Be Doubled. "I also remember, however, that we have only begun in this country the process bf which the full product of our agricultural acreage . is to be ob tained. The agricultural acreage of this country ought to produce twice what it is now producing and under the stimulation and instruction which have recently been characteristic of agricultural development, I think we can confidently predict that within, let us say, a couple of decades, the agri cultural production of this country will be something like double, whereas there is no likelihood that the popula tion of this country will be doubled within the same time. Vou can look forward, therefore, it seems to me, with Mine degree of confidence to an in creasing and perhaps a rapidly increas ing volume of the products in which you deal "I have come to discuss the general relations of the United States , to the business of the world, in the decades immediately ahead of us. We have swung 'out, my fellow-citizens, into a business era in America. 1 suppose there is no man connected with your association who does not remember the time when the whole emphasis of American business discussion was laid upon the domestic market. But it hap pened that American production, not only in the agricultural field and in mining, but also in manufacture, has increased in recent years to such a volume that American business burst its jacket. It could not any longer be taken care of within the fields of the domestic markets, and when that be gan to disclose itself as the situation we also became aware that American business had not studied foreign mar kets, that they did not know the com merce of the world, and that they did not have the ships in which to take their proportionate part in the carry ing trade of the world. Banking Laws Inadequate. "One of the most Interesting circum stances of our business history is this: The banking laws of the United States I mean the Federal bank laws did not put the National banks in a posi tion to do foreign exchange under fa vorable conditions, and it was actually true that private banks and sometimes branch banks drawn out of other coun tries, notably out of Canada, were es tablished at our chief ports to do what American bankers ought to have done. It was as if America was not only un accustomed to touching all the nerves of the world's business, but was disin clined to touch them and had not- pre pared the instrumentalities by which It might take part in the great com merce of the globe. "Only in recent years have we been even studying the problem of provid ing ourselves with the instrumentali ties. Not until the recent legislation of Congress, known as the Federal re serve act were the Federal banks of this country given the proper eauip ment through which they could assist American commerce, not only in our own country, but In any part of the world where they chose to set up branch institutions. British banks had been serving British merchants all over the world, German banks had been serving German merchants all over the world, and no National bank of the united States had been serving Ameri can merchants anywhere in the world except in the United States. Scene Completely Changed. "We had, as it were, deliberately re frained from playing our part in the field in which we prided ourselves that we were most ambitious and most ex pert the field of manufacture and of commerce. "All that is past and the scene has been changed by the events of the last two years, almost suddenly and with a completeness that almost daunts the planning mind. Not only when this war is over, but now, America has her place in the world, and must take her place in the world of finance and com merce upon a scale that she never dreamed of before. "My dream is .that she will take her place in that great field Ln a new spirit which the world has never seen be fore; not the spirit of those who would exclude others, but the spirit of those who would excel others. The first thing that brains have to feed upon is knowledge, and when I hear men proposing to deal with the business problems of the United States in the future as we dealt with them in the past, I do not have to inquire any further whether they are equipped with knowledge. I dismiss them from the reckoning because I know that the facts are going to dominate and they know nothing about the facts. "The most that we can supply our selves Just now is not the detailed pro gramme of policy, but the instrumen talities of gaining thorough knowledge of what we are about. Every man of us must for isome time to come be from Missouri.' We. must want to know what the facts are, and when we know what the facts are we shall knot what the policy ought to.be. "What instrumentalities have w e provided ourselves with in order that we may be equipped with knowledge? There has been an Instrumentality in operation for four or five years of which, strangely enough. American business men nave only slowly become aware. Some four or five years ago Congress established in connection with the department which was then the Department of Commerce and La bor (now the Department of Commerce) I a bureau of foreign and domestic com merce, and one of the advantages which the American Government has had is that it has been able to hlru brains for much less than the brains are worth. It is ln a way a National discredit to us, my fellow citizens, that we are paying studious men capable of understanding anything and of con ducting any business Just about one third of what they could command in the 'field of business; and it is one of the admirable circumstances of Ameri can life that they are proud to serve the Government on a pittance. "There are such men in the Bureau of Foreign and Domestic Commerce. They have been studying the foreign commerce of this country as it was never studied before, and I have found, to my amazement, that some of the best of those reports seem never to have been read. It needed the catas trophe and the tragedy of this war to awaken American business men to the fact that these were the things which they must know and know at once. Commlsxlon Friend of Business. "In addition to. that, there was re cently created tne Federal Trade Com mission. It is hard to describe the functions of that Commission, but all I can say is that it has transformed the Government of the United States from being an antagonist of business into being a friend of business. It has always been a fiction that there was a contest between the law and busi ness. There always has been a con test ln every government between the law and bad business, and I do not want to see that contest softened in any way; but there never has been any contest between men who intended the right thing and the men who' -administered the law. One of the functions of the Federal Trade Commission is to inquire, with the fullest powers, into all the circumstances of American busi ness for the purpose of doing for American business exactly what the Department of Agriculture has so long done for the farmer, informing the American business man of every ele ment, big and litCe, with which it Is his duty to deal. "Then, in the third place, you know that we have Just now done what it was a common sense thing to do about the tariff. We have not put this into words, but I do not hesitate to put into words. We have admitted that' on the one side and on the other we were talking theories and policies without a sufficient knowledge of the facts, and therefore we have established what is intended to be a non-partisan tariff commission to study the condi tions with which legislation has to deal in the matter of the relations of Amer ica with foreign business tranactions. Another eye created to see the facts! Information to Be Shared. "Then, when the knowledge is ob tained, what are we going to do? One of the things that interests me most about an association of this sort is that the intention of it is that the members should share a common body of infor mation and that they concern among themselves those operations of business which are beneficial to all of them, that instead of a great body. Instead of a large number of dealers in grain, acting separately and each fighting for his own hand, you are willing to come together and study the problem, as if you were partners and brothers and co- operators in this field of business. That has been going tn in every occupation in the United States of any- conse quence. Even the men that do the advertising have been getting together and they have made this startling and fundamental discovery that the only way to advertise successfully is to tell the truth. There are many reasons for that. One of the chief reasons is that when you .get found out, it is worse for you than it was before. But the great 'reason, the sober reason, is that business must be founded on the truth and you men get together ln order to create a clearing-house for the truth about your business. "Very well; that is a picture in small of what we must do in the large. We must co-operate in the whole field of business, the Government with the mer chant, the merchant with his employe. the whole body of producers with the whole body of consumers to see that the right things are produced in the right volume, and find the right pur chasers at the right place, and that, all working together, we realize that noth ing can be for the common benefit which is not for the. individual benefit. Webb Bill Explained. "You know that there was intro duced in the House of Representatives recently a bill commonly called the Webb bill, for the purpose of slating it is the policy of the law of the Lnited States that nothing in the anti trust law now exlstjng should be in terpreted to interfere with the proper sort of co-operation among exporters. The foreign field is not like the do mestic field. The foreign field is full of combinations meant to be exclusive. The anti-trust laws of the United oiaies are inrenaea to prevent any Kind or combination in the United States which shall be exclusive of new enterprises within the United States; but the export business is a big busi ness, a complicated business, an ex pensive business, and it will be possi ble and legal for men engaged in ex porting to get together and manage it in groups, so that they can manage it at an advantage instead of at a dis advantage as compared with foreign rivals. Not for the purpose of ex clusive and monopolistic competition. but for the purpose of co-operation, and there is a very wide difference there. "I for myself, despise monopoly and I have an enthusiasm for co-operation. By co-operation I mean working along with anybody who is willing to work along with you under definite under standings and arrangements which will constitute a sound business programme There can be no Jealousy of that and if there had been time, I can say with confidence that this bill which passed the House of Representatives would have passed the Senate of the United States also. So that any obstacle that ingenious lawyers may find in the anti trust laws will be removed. I was a lawyer once myself before I reformed. and I can divide a hair twixt north and northeast side, but I do not think It is worth while, and I do not think that statutes are the places for ingenuity. A statute ia intended to lay down a broad and comprehensive" and National policy, and it ought to be read in that light. But there would be no fun in punctuation if you had to read it that way. The purpose of legislation in the immediate future in this country is going to be to remove all Ingenious constructions and make it perfectly clear. what the liberties as well as the restraints of trade are in this country. "There must be co-operation, not only between the Government and the business man, but between the business men. Shippers must co-operate and they ought to be studying right now how to co-operate. There are a great many gentlemen in other countries who can show them how, and they ought to look forward, particularly to caring for this matter, that they have ve hicles in which to carry their goods. We must address ourselves immediate ly and as rapidly as possible to the re-creation of a great American mer chant marine. Our present situation Is very like this: Suppose that a man who had a great department store did not have any delivery waggons and de pended upon his competitors in the same market to deliver his goods to hlH customers. You know what would happen. They wouli deliver their own goods first and they would deliver yours only If yours were to be deliv ered upon the routes followed by their wagons. That is an exact picture of what is taking place in our foreign trade at this minute. Foreign vessels carry our goods where they, the for eign vessels, happen to be going, and they carry them only if they have room in addition to what they are carrying for other people. You cannot conduct trade ln that way. That is conducting trade on sufference. That Is conduct ing trade on an "if you please" plan. That is conducting trade on the basis of service, the point' of view of which is not your advantage. Therefore we cannot lose any time ln getting deliv ery wagons. New Connections Must Be Made. "There has been a good deal of dis cussion about this recently, and it has been said. 'The Government must not take any direct part in this. You must let private capital do it,' and the reply was: 'All right, go' ahead." "Oh. but we will not go ahead unless you help us." We said, very well, then, we will go ahead, but we will not need your help because we do not want to com pete where you are already doing the carrying business, but where you are not doing the carrying business and it has to be done for some time at a cost. We will undertake to do it at a cost until that route is established and we will give place to private capital whenever private capital is ready to take the place.' That sounds like a very reasonable proposition. 'We will carry your goods one way when we have to come back empty the other way and lose money on the voyage, and when there are cargoes both ways and it is profitable to carry them, we shall not insist upon carrying them any longer." "It is absolutely necessary now to make good our new connections. Our new connections are with the great and rich republics to the south of us. For the first time in my recollection they are beginning to trust and believe in us and want us, and one of my chief concerns has been to see that nothing was done that did not show friendship and good faith on our part. . West Coast of South America Near. "The great interesting geographical fact to me is by the opening of the Panama Canal there is a straight line south from New York through the Canal to the western coast of South America, which hitherto has been one of the most remote coasts in the world so far as we were concerned, and that the west coast of South America is now nearer to us than the eastern coast of South America ever was to us, so that we have the open Atlantic upon which to approach the east coast. "Here is the loom all ready upon which to spread the threads which can be worked into a fabric of friendship and wealth such as we have never known before. The real wealth of for eign relationships, my fellow citizens, whether they are the relationships of trade or any other kind of intercourse, the real wealth of those relationships is the wealth of mutual confidence and understanding. If we do not under stand them and they do not understand us, we cannot trade with them, much less be their friends, and it is only by weaving these intimate threads of con nection that we shall be able to estab lish that fundamental thing, that psy chological, spiritual Nexus which is. after all, the real warp and woof of trade itself. "There is only one thing I have ever been ashamed about in America, and that was the timidity and tearfulness of Americans in the presence of for eign competitors. I have dwelt among Americans all my life and am an In tense absorbent of the atmosphere of America, and I know by personal ex perience that there are as effective brains in America as anywhere in the world. An American afraid to pit American business men against any competitors anywhere! Enterprise, the shrewdness the Americans have shown, the knowledge of business which thev have shown, all these things are going to raane ior tnat peaceful and honor able conquest of foreign markets, which is our reasonable ambition. "A friend of mine was once invited to attend a peace meeting. He said he would come with pleasure if he mignt De permitted to explain that most of the men sitting on the nlnt- form were engaged in fomentlnsr war. and when he was asked to explain this pieasing meaning, he said: "I have looked over the list of the men who constitute your Legislative committee ana almost every one of them is en gaged in doing things to excite the hostility and disturb the National feel ing or men In foreign countries, nar. ticularly in the Orient, which will in- evitamy lead to war sooner or later.' The combinations of the modern mrM that are lasting are not the competi tions of physical force. They are the competitions of intellectual force. The competitions of business either lay the foundations of respect and mutual con fidence, or the foundations of suspicion ciuiL mutual nostlllty. STILL HELD is An on poiak's wife seeks aid OK STATE DEPARTMEAT. Washington Attaches Special Signifi cance to Germany's Action in Seis in Mall on Dutch Vessel. WASHINGTON. Sent. 25. Official State Department advices today report seizure of the Dutch steamer Prins Hendrik by German warships, but did not say on what charge Isador Polak. ine naturalized American, removed from the vessel, was being held. The department 1h investigating further. Much significance is attached bv of ficials to Germany's seizure of mail aboard the steamer. Some time ago Ger many claimed the right to censor let ter mail on the basis that The Hague convention, declaring the "inviolabil ity" of such mail had been rendered In operative by failure of several of the belligerent nations to ratify It. but more recently the practice apparently nan oeen discontinued. LONDON. Sept. 25. Mrs. Isador Polak. who was awaiting the return here of her husband from Holland, vis ited the American Consulate today and requested aid of the officials there to obtain his release. Polak was removed from the Dutch mail steamship Prins Hendrik when that vessel was taken by German naval forces into Zee- brugge last week. The State Department at Washing' ton has been informed of the Ameri can's plight and a message also has been sent to James W. Gerard, the American Ambassador at Berlin. $N5 OF METAL POLISH K r 3d polishes. Quickest of all. Imparts a brilliant, lastins lustr to doorknob, bras railings and all bright metals. Bold in two size cans by all Grocery, Hardware and Drug Stores. 7 TTai 1 V f 1 f BRUSS1L0FFS FULL FRONT IS ENGAGED Bitter Battle Raging in East, Centering Near Lutsk, Ha licz and in Carpathians. CONFLICT ZONE SPREADS Entire Theater From Pripet Marshes to Danube ln Action as ln First Period or Latest Russian Advance. PARIS, via London, Sept. 25. Al though official communications have shed little light on recent develop ments in the war situation, it is learned from staff officers that the battles at all important points on General Brus- siloff's front are again assuming the intensity which characterized the first period of his advance. The principal centers of action are the districts near Vladimir Volynskl and west of Lutsk, the Halicz region and the Carpathians, and in each of these territories there has been a gen eral resumption of the fighting, which has spread to adjacent sectors until the whole southwestern war theater from the Pripet marshes to the Danube may be said to be again in action. tente allies come from their various war chancellories. West of Fiorina the Russians have captured a hill from the Bui gars, the Serbians have crossed the frontier into their own country and reached a position north of Krusogrud, while the French northeast of Fiorina have- penetrated the outskirts of Pe torak. The British to the north of Lake Tahinos, on the eastern end of the bat tle line, also report an advance, but Berlin says that all their attacks were repulsed. Aside from th,e capture by the Ital ians of an importatnt mountain peak on the Trentlno front, only bombard ments have taken place in the Austro-Italian- theater. Notwithstanding the loss of two Zeppelins in an air raid on Eastern England Saturday night, the Germans Monday night again returned to the attack with airships and dropped bombs in the northern and northeast counties. IS POSTMASTER BITERS POINTS OUT LEGISLATIV E ACHIEVEMENTS. VEXIZELOS IS AGAIN ACTIVE Greek Kins; to Get Last Chance to Avert . Dethronement. LONDON, Sept. 26. According to Ath ens dispatches received here, M. Ven izelos will Issue a manifesto to the Greek people from Canea. Island of Crete, where he probably will direct the formation of a separatist government. Besides Admiral Concuriotis, the dis patches add, those accompanying M. Venizelos include all the members of his former Cabinet, with the exception of M. Raktavin, Minister of Justice. The proclamation of M. Venizelos, it is said, will Invite King Constantino to put himself at the head of a National defense movement. An Athens dispatch to the Dally Chronicle says the Venizelos procla mation will provide the last opportunity for King Constantino to plaoe himself and his government in line with the wishes of the majority of the Greek people, who do not want any declara tion of the dethronement of the monarch. The dispatch says Venizelos will call for a general mobilization throughout the Island of Crete for the purpose of national defense. He will then visit Mytilene. Chaos and Samoa before pro ceeding to Saloniki. Monday's War Moves A TTACKING simultaneously on an ii arc of 13 miles, running from Martinpulch to the Somme, the British and French forces have delivered an other smashing blow on the German lines and pushed forward their posi tions for notable gains. From Martinpulch to Combles. a dls. tance of six miles, the British have driven in their wedge to a depth of more than a mile and captured ln the attack the importatnt strategic towns of Lesboeufs and Morval. the' latter a scant mile north of Combles. To the French fell the town of Ran court, two miles east, and the outskirts of Fregicourt, one mile northeast of Combles. In addition trenches near Fregicourt, in the vicinity of Bon chavesnes and to the south from the vicinity or the Canal du Nord to the Somme were taken. The capture of Morval by the British and of part of Fregicourt by the French apparentry seals the fate of Combles, which the Germane have de terminedly held for weeks despite the violent attacks thrown against it. The defenders of the virtually surrounded town have left to them for escape only the valley, a mile ln width, running north-northeast, and ln the traversing or which they must come under the guns of the British and French, re spectively, from Morval and the vicin ity of Fregicourt. Another noteworthy step in their ap proach upon Peronne is marked in the capture by the French of trenches in the Canal du Nord region. Except in France there have been no important engagements on any of the various fronts. Berlin reports the re pulse of Russian attacks in Volhynia, Gallcla, and the Carpathian Mountains, Petrograd is etill silent as to the opera tions on the eastern front, but unof ficial advices say the Russians have begun a new offensive on a large scale in the hope of putting down the counter attacks of the Teutons and piercing their front before Winter sets ln. The Roumanians are still straggling for supremacy over the Teutonic al lies in the Szurduk and Vulcan passes of the Transylvanian Alps, but accord ing to Berlin, all their attacks have been repulsed. In the Macedonian campaign con- tinned reports of successes for the en- Dlstrlct Attorney Reames Declares Adimiea Bill Is One of Bis; Measures of the Day. F. S. Myers, postmaster, spoke of the achievements of President Wilson be fore the Democratic Women's League at the Central Library last night. We charged there existed an unholy al liance between Charles E. Hughes and President Ripley, of the Santa Fe Rail road, to fight the newly enacted Adam son bill. As distinct achievements Mr. Myers pointed to the child-labor law. Eu ropean diplomacy, the postal surplus of more than $5,000,000. rural credits, the Adamson bill and many other pieces of legislation. He also spoke of the ex tension of rural mail delivery to many country districts, and the beneficial ef fects of the parcels post service. "The Adamson Bill was the topic of an address by Clarence Reames. United States District Attorney. "I regard the Adamson bill as one of the biggest measures of the day," he said. "The man who drives the train, who holds the lives of his passengers in his hands, is entitled to the same consideration as a trained worker, as the doctor and lawyer. Why shouldn't he have eight hours for his day?" Miss Leona Larrabee presided- and Miss Bessie Seaberger sang, accom panied by Miss Emma KlippeL Letters of Henry Morgenthau were read by Mrs. George M. Nolan. dm-f The Veiling Section Offers The New and Very Fashionable Duo Veil Of Chiffon and Soft Finished Mesh ' Very Special $ 1 .75 la black, brown, navy and white, Made to be draped over the hat, and is worn as a face veil and a hat-drape at the same time. First Floor. An Air of Distinction and Refinement Without Losing an Atom of Smart Style Dominates These Newest Sealette Plush Coats $35.00 - For social occasions and practical wear, women of fash ion will find these coats to their liking. The material is so rich, the tailoring and styles most correct Even the lining, a most important part of a woman's coat, is specially fine. Fashioned in the latest 42-inch model, belted all around, and flaring most becomingly. The finishing touch is a large, luxurious, fur tnmmed collar. Third Floor. Baby Days With special sales on everything needed in the nursery Baby Room. 4th Ft. Earl of Essex Found Dead. LONDON. Sept. 25. The Earl of Es sex was found dead In bed today. He had been ill for some time. He was 59 years old. He was a large land holder, owning about 15,000 acres. His second wife, whom he married in 1893. was Adela Grant, daughter of Beach Grant, of New York. One-fifth of th earth's surface bslonsa to the Hrtt'Hh KmpflT. Many a Man who has willingly parted with $50 to $75 for a new suit or overcoat, during good times, now says: "I think I will try a Buffum & Pendle-ton-Benjamin suit." And to that man, our $30 and $35 suits look like "Fri day morning bargains." "We sell him and when flush times return he is still ours, because he "never knew such good clothes were to be bought." And so we grow hard times and emergency cases being blessings in disguise for this progressive store. We specialize on the fa mous Benjamin clothes, be cause of their superior tailor ing. New Suits and Overcoats $20 to $35. Buffum & Pendleton Co. Clothiers, Hatters and Hab erdashers. 127 Sixth St. F. N. Pendleton. Winthrop Hammopd. CLARA KIMAALL YOUNG 'THE DARK SILENCE" One Week, Beg. Sunday, Oct. 1. T & D THEATER ASK FOR and GET THE ORIGINAL MALTED IVUQC Cheap substitutes cost YOvT same price I CAPACITY HOUSES j are witnessing great tri-feature programme J NORMA TALMADGE j ; IN ; "The Social Secretary" I Keystone Heavy Artillery '.'The Winning Punch': j Mazamas and the Three Sisters ! TONIGHT IS BIAZAMA NIGHT COLUMBIA Washington at Sixth Novelty Silk Hosiery . Now Afore Fashionable Than Ever Before ' (Also Conservative Plain Black and White) Are Offered in the Greatest Sale Today ft At 98c A price made possible because these are samples of a nell-knov.'tt make. Plain black ivilh sill( or lisle garter tops, all while, fancy stripes, clocks, and lovely hand-painted effects. All nn'tfi high-splicing and double soles for extra wear. -No phone or C. O. D. orders filled at this very low price. First Floor. CrMercKandiao of cMcrit.Only" ' The Woman of Distinction the woman xvho attracts favorable com ment everywhere is the tvoman properly cor seted. Never overlook this fact. You can be properly corseted in one or two ways. You can have a corset made to your order, or you can find a corset which will fit you perfectly among the great variety of Fall models of the ?3. a la ipirite Corsets So give a little time and thought and have our ex pert corsetieres fit you with the C B. best suited to your figure. Priced at $1.00 to $5.00. The Standard Everywhere For the W oman of Fashion Fourth Floor. 4jL N NEVER have car buyers seen coach-building brought to such a high development. See the original Kissel ALL-YEAR idea that changed the motoring habits of a nation. This is ALL-YEAR. tSKoW Week Note how the All-Year Tops are built-in not on to the Hundred Point Six the car of a Hundred Quality Features. Come this week compare these models with other so-called convertible types. Pacific KisselKar Branch Portland Branch, Broadway at Davis Street. Phone Broadway 321. SAN FRANCISCO LOS ANGELES OAKLAND PASADENA SAN DIEGO SEATTLE KisselKar cvurrmcn cab Phone Your Want Ads to The Oresonian Slain 7070, A 6093 o I c I I c i c t i c I c I ft f