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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (Sept. 20, 1916)
the aibramro oregoxiatt. wedxesdat, September 20. 1916. HUGHES DENOUNCES LATEST FORCE BILL Wilson's Demand on Congress to Yield to Force Called Humiliating Spectacle. FAIR INQUIRY IS DEMANDED Burden Utlimately Falls on Public, Says Nominee, and It Is Entitled to Know Details of Delicate ' Questions Involved. Continued From First Page.) of immediate political expediency at the expense of public welfare." Mr. Hughes spoke before a crowded house that frequently interrupted him to applaud. His speech tonight was his second in Springfield. The. first, at the State Fair Grounds this after noon, dealt chiefly with his ideas on the protection of American industries, American rights and preparedness. He also touched tonight on the protection of "American rights. "The America of which T have a vi Bion the America of the future is an America maintaining American rights on land and sea. without fear or favor throughout the world," he said. The audience cheered and applauded loudly. Mr. Hughes left Springfield at 11 P. M. for Milwaukee. He will reach there tomorrow night and will deliver six speeches en route. Humiliating; Spectacle Presented. Mr. Hughes, after declaring that "the Just Interests of labor are the concern of all" and asserting that he desired to see safe and wholesome conditions of work, adequate opportunities for edu cation and recreation, reasonable hours of labor and fair wages, said in part: . "The Adamson bill is a force bill. It was legislation without inquiry, with out knowledge. The demand by the Administration for such legislation as the price of peace was a humiliating spectacle. It was not only a serious misuse of official power, but a deplor able abdication of moral authority. . "The excuses presented are futile. The Adamson bill is not a bill provid ing for an eight-hour workday. It does not fix hours at all. It regulates wages. Its provisions do not require any employer to employ any set of men for only eight hours a day. Eight hour day laws are to avoid fatigue and over-strain- by prohibiting employment in excess f the requirement. There is nothing 01 that sort in this bill. Klght-Hour Day Not Created. "What it does is to provide by law for an increase in wages for certain men. They may work just as long as before. They may work 10 hours or more. They are simply to get more pay. The act provides that in contracts tor labor and service 'eight hours shall be deemed a day's work and the meas ure or standard of a day s work for the purpose of reckoning the compensation for services to all employes of the sort described." Mr. Hughes quoted the Adamson law, showing, he said, "in plain English," that the men affected are not required to work eight hours, but are to hav&.lu hours' .-pay for eight hours' work. wVth additional pay for additional hours. "We have words which may seem to mean one thing and in fact mean an other,", the candidate continued. "The phrase 'eight-hour day' is apparently used to tickle the public ear in order to establish something quite different. If it were proposed to give an eight hour work day, why were not work for longer hoars, and all contracts for longer service, prohibited under pen alty save where emergencies exist?" Bill Judged by lta Provisions. "It is said thte bill will have a ten dency to- procure an eight-hour day. This is extremely doubtful, but we are dealing with what the bill actually enacts, not with inconclusive sugges tions of tendencies, toward something else which is not enacted. "This' bill must be judged by what it provides, not by what it does not provide. It is nothing more than a measure to fix wages and as a measure to fix wages it must be judged. If as such a measure its passage was justi fied, it needs no further excuse. If not, its passage is not to be condoned by reference to another eight-hour work day which it does not establish. Such reference can only be regarded as a subterfuge. "We are therefore not concerned with anything that is said of the Judgment of society ' with respect to an eight hour work day. There is plainly no judgment of society upon the increase of wages this bill requires. "If the asserted judgment of society inspired it, why does the act apply only to a limited number of . railroad men, relatively few? The obvious fact is that there was a demand by certain men for an Increase in their own wfcges and the' Administration in advance of investigation surrendered to this de mand." Need of Investigation Conceded. Pointing out that the Adamson bill Itself conceded ttfat the subject was one requiring investigation, Mr. ugnes said tnat lr there was any thing requiring a careful inquiry it was "a proposition affecting readjust ment either of rates or of expenses of carriers, upon whose efficiency "the community depends." He continued "What is fair and right must be done. but what is fair and right must first be ascertained. When railroads are re quired to spend additional millions this burden must ultimately fall on the public. If expenses are necessarily in creased beyond what existing rates will stand, the rates must be increased. "It was proposed in substance by the Administration that increased rates should be charged to shippers so far as required to pay this increase of wages. Assurance was given that 'no obstacle of law' would be suffered to stand in the way of railroads in Increasing their . revenue to meet resulting increased ex penses so far as development of their business and of their administrative efficiency did not prove adequate to meet them. What Are "Obstacles of lwl" "We may pause to ask what is the significance of this reference to od stacle of law.' The law provides for 'reasonable rates- and an appropriate percentage for fixing of reasonable rates by the Interstate Commerce Com mission. Were these proceedings and the provisions of law the 'obstacles of law' to which reference was made? Were they to be overcome, if neces sary to accomplish the desired in crease? It must be understood that the burden of increased rates is passed on to the public. It necessarily affects a host of activities, agricultural and in dustrial. "Increases of wages for selected classes of men on railroads might re sult in restrictions on a great number of other working men, not only those employed by railroads, but upon those employed in Industries throughout the country, if the latter be required to op erate under increased transportation . charges. "Again, what becomes of present ad justments and business agreements re lating to the men whose services are involved in this bill if wages are fixed by law in this manner? "Manifestly we have here an ex tremely intricate question of rates and outlays. What was the manifest duty of the executive? Plainly to insist that investigation should precede action and that nothing should be yielded to force. It was stated by the executive in his address to Congress that 'the matter' had been agitated for more than a year. Why. then, was it not investigated? Could the Administration command all necessary machinery for fair and thorough inquiry? Not only did the Administration fail to take proper ac tion on its own initiative, but the busi ness men of the country appealed in vain to the Administration for investi gation. Their request won no favor able action. "Time was allowed to run. and then came the surrender that shocked the people throughout the land. Was the 'crisis' unforeseen? Why was it per mitted to arise, when the Administra tion was forewarned? "I stand for the principle of arbitra tion in industrial disputes. Labor least of all can afford to have that principle surrendered. It is a civilized method as opposed to the injurious contests of force, which impoverish labor and im peril the social order. The essence of the matter is a fair and reasonable hearing of all parties concerned and a just determination according to the facts. Method Mnst Not Be Subverted. "It is no answer to say that the awards of arbitration are not always just. The effort should be to Improve reasonable methods, not to subvert them. Railroad companies refusing ar bitration have been condemned at the bar of public opinion and great prog ress has been made in the direction of peaceful and reasonable settlement of labor disputes. "To say that fair and prompt arbitra tion could not have been had in this case is to indict both the Administra tion and the American people." Mr. Hughes held that there was "no justification of the yielding of prin ciple." Of those who sought to excuse the Administration on the ground of exigency he would ask, he said, "how far do you propose to yield to force?" Asserting that force "can reject courts as well as arbitration, that it can dis pose with any part of the orderly pro cedure of Government which it may oppose," Mr. Hughes continued": "When force is proposed and arbitra tion is refused, there is but one stand to take and that is to appeal to the judgment of the country , to vindicate the processes of reason. Had the ex ecutive, when arbitration was declined, at once directed the entire force of public opinion, as he easily could, to the demand for tho recognition of the principle of arbitration, I have no doubt he would have won and the Na tion would have been his debtor. Public Opinion Still Rules. Had the executive gone at once to Congress for immediate authority to secure prompt and thorough investiga- lon of the stated grievances in advance of action and had he thus made instant provision for an inquiry so entirely ompetent as to command the respect of the country, I am satisfied there could have been no strike. We are still uled by public opinion and no admin istration need fear results if it stands firmly for essential principle." Mr. Hughes explained that he was not speaking of "the propensity or ad visability of fixing wages by law," but of a more fundamental question "leg islation according to the facts, as op posed to "legislation under pressure in the absence of inquiry. He continued: We have undoubtedly too much leg islation without adequate consideration but tlere are usually the forms and presumptions of legislative consider ation on the merits of proposals. Here even those were absent. Within a few hours on demand of the Administration. Congress provided a mandatory increase of wages, in volving millions of dollars, without any idea whether the increase was or wa not justified. And this action was taken in connection with the essen tial instrumentality of commerce, the arteries of our commercial Ufa. Mr. Adamson said of his bill: 'It is hasty legislation, I admit, to meet an emergency.' What emergency? The emergency of force to which the Ad' ministration had capitulated. 'Mr. Underwood said: 'We have no information on which to legislate and to fix rates of wages, which we are going to do- and are attempting to do. Contrast the action of this Admin istration with that of Grover Cleveland in 1886. who said with respect to labor legislation: All legislation on the sub ject should be calmly and deliberately undertaken, with no purpose of satis fying unreasonable demands or gaining partisan advantage. It is idle to excuse the action taken by the Adamson bill by a request for additional legislation with respect to the future. That legislation was not obtained. We are dealing with what was demanded and actually enacted. One of the foremost friends of la bor in this country states the plain truth in writing to me as follows: Those of us who know the labor struggle and have helped In the fight for standarizing in our industrial life well know that in the end laborers gain nothing by violence. unjust or arbitrary action of any kind, or the exercise of anti-social power of any description. However, some groups may be advanced in economic power by illegitimate means, the common in terests of the great group or toners can never be. Such gains are always at the cost of nublic opinion and sup pbrt, are temporary and evanescent in character and operate to lessen the co operation of that just public sentiment for the well-being' of the woraers o: the world so essential to their improve ment of the conditions of labor. Issue Is Fundamental. TVe have seen an unjustifiable at- tembt to use the public sentiment with respect to another eight-hour work day in order to Justify, a bill which does not provide another eight-hour work day but relates solely to an in crease in wages. we nave seen tne choice of what seemed to be the easi est way, which escaped the necessity of a determined stand for principles. We have seen what has appeared to be the consideration of immediate po litical expediency at the expense of public welfare. The i6sue thus presented is iunaa- mental. The multiplying activities of the Government would be intolerable if we did not proceed in , accordance with Judgment based on an examina tion of the facts. These processes of reason are the only alternative to tyr anny. We are an alert and Intelligent people with every opportunity for as certaining the facts of any situation. Our problems in the future are likely to be in the main economic problems and they will severely test our capac ity, but we shall find solutions if we are open-minded and thorough in our investigations. "We can stand mistakes in policies if we are sound in method, but we can not yield reason to the rule of force. That is the path of sure disaster. I should not take the first step in that path." VALLEY FLOODED AS GREAT DAM BREAKS Center of Glass Industry in Bohemia Devastated; Many Lives Are Reported Lost. MILLS ARE SWEPT AWAY r Innpvation . Wardrobe Trunks . In the new models. Styles for both men and women. In large, medium and steamer sizes. ' ' , - Sob-Basement. . Modart Corsets The Best Front-Lace Mod el, worn by all particular women and shown here in the newest Fall models. Prices $3.50 to $15.00 Fourth Floor. Water Rushes In 12-Foot Wave, Car rying Timbers on Its Crest, Tear ing Through Towns and Car rying Ruin In Path. LONDON, Sept. 19. Many lives have been lost and enormous damage has been caused near Gablonz, Bohemia, by the bursting of a dam in the valley at Weissendesse. according to a dispatch to Reuter's from Amsterdam, quoting a telegram received from Gablonz. The villages of Dezzendorr, uieren bach, Tannewald, Schumberg, Schwarow, Grosshammer and Haratz are inunaai' ed. Ten bodies of victims have been recovered and identified. BERLIN. Sept. 19. (By wireless to Sayville, N. Y.) The dam near Gablonz, Bohemia, which today was reported to have burst, was in the mountains of Bohemia, near the German frontier. Water to the depth of two meters (six feet) swept through the neighboring villages, carrying away trees, wooden houses, parts of bridges and corpses. The number of the dead has not been ascertained. The dam was 62 meters wide at the base and 13 meters high. The basin had a capacity of 400. 0U0 pnbln meters of water and was con nected with another basin holding 7,000,000 cubic meters. Dam Complied Only Year Ago. The dam. which was situated above Tannewald. was completed only a year ago. As the great mass of water was released, it rushed in a lz-toot wave down the Weissendesse Valley, carrying thousands of feet of lumper on its crest and hurling it with great de struction and violence against buildings and bridges in the villages in the cen ter of the Bohemian glass industry. Ninety minutes after the break the flood had reached Tannewald and mounted to six feet above the bridges tearing through the town and carrying away virtually everything in its path. Similar scenes were repeated in the vil lages below Tannewald, where the waters destroyed glass-cutting works. mills and houses. 250 Dead Reported. Thus far only 10 bodies have been re covered. That the loss of life was not greater was due partly to the hour of the catastrophe, which was late in the afternoon, when most of the factories were empty, and to warnings that were telephoned down the valley ahead oi the flood. A dispatch from Hlrschburg, Silesia, says tnat, according to aispaicnes re ceived there, 250 bodies had been re covered up to noon Tuesday. These in clude many children. The disaster came so suddenly that it was impossible to give timely warning to ail localities. Messages speak of waves 20 feet high destroying everything in their path over a stretch of 12 or more miles. WOMEN SNUB SEX 'PARTY L Eugene Suffragists Infuse to Help Attack on President Wilson. EUGENE. Or.. Sept. 19. (Special.) No organization of the Woman's Party was formed in, Eugene, because of the party a autivity in opposing- inu i e-uit; tion of President W'ilson. Every one of IB women, who attended the meeting at Osburn Hotel called by Miss Margaret Whlttemore, of Detroit, and Miss Mary Fendall, of Maryland, refused to affiliate with the Woman's Party, saying that they regarded its activity in the Presidential campaign as detrimental to the suffrage cause. Miss Whittemore and Miss Fendall had been in Eugene several days con ducting street meetings. They left for Pendleton to campaign during tne Round-up. FEWER IRISH GO INSANE Liquor Restrictions and Better Liv ing Work Change. ' DUBLIN. Sept. 19. Insanity in Ire land has lately shown a decrease, chiefly among women. This is some thing new, as Ireland's statistics for insanity have- always been unusually hlsrh. The superintendent of the asylum at Belfast declares the reason is due en' tirely to the improved standard of liv ing and to the restrictions on the liquor traffic. Many who lived in poverty are now in comparative lux ury. There are, he declares, solid grounds for the hope that, especially among women. Ireland will witness a great diminution of neurotic disorders. CORVALLIS RECTOR TO GO Rev. C. B. Runnalls to Occupy Pul pit Here Temporarily. Rev. C. Bertram Runnalls. rector of the Church of the Good Samaritan of Corvallis, has resigned and will leave soon for Detroit. Before returning to the East Mr. Runnalls will have charge of St. David's Church, Portland, during the absence of the rector, the Rev. Thomas Jenkins, who will be a delegate to the general convention of the Episcopal church in St. Louis. Bishop Sumner has not announced Mr. Runnalls' successor. INDIAN TIMBER TO BE SOLD San Francisco Lumberman May. Bid on Klamath Lot. OREGONIAN NEWS BUREAU, Wash lngtorx Sept. 19. Cato Sells, Commis sioner of Indian Affairs, is preparing to make extensive sales of timber from the Klamath Indian reservation, which he visited last month. E. H. Cox, of San Francisco, presi dent of the Weed Lumber Company, a prospective bidder for some of the timber, was in consultation "with the Commissioner today. The Apparel Store Announces A Very Special Sale of Fine Wool Velour Coats (For Women) In Navy, Brown or Green At $18.50 They are 45 inches long, in a full loose-back style with large coachman collar trimmed with beaver fur, also beaver trimming on cuffs and buttons. cJ"MercKnd.o ofJ Merit Only" Third Kloor. We Are Featuring Today a Very New Straight Model in Women's Serge Dresses Very Exceptional At $16.Q5 -In black, navy blue, brown and green. Built on the. new straight lines and coat effect as i 1 1 u strated, with white col lars and trim mings of satin and buttons. Third Floor. i i I i i $9.95 $18.50 ; Women $25.00 $15.00 $32.50 $13.50 The Fourth Floor Store for Misses and Small ' Announces a Special Exhibition and Sale of The New Fall Coats and Suits In Six Different Styles as Illustrated At $9.95, $13.50, $15.00, $18.50, $25.00, $32.50 Coats at $9.95 are of plain brown or navy cheviot, and green or gray mixtures. f Coats at $13.50 are of fancy mixtures, cravenettes, navy or brown zibelines. Coats at $15.00 are of brown and gray diagonals, fancy zibelines with wool plush collars and cuffs, or brown and green velour. Suits at $18.50 are of gabardine in navy, brown and green. x-Suits at $25.00 are of corduroy and new gabardine in brown, navy and green. Suits at $32.50 are of velour. broadcloth and gabardine, in navy, brown. Burgundy and green. Fourth Floor. The Waist Section Announces the Arrival and Sale of More New Veribest Blouses Of striped voiles and rice cloth, showing an other version of the large square sailor collar. I Very Special $1 .00 Third Floor. We Shall Offer Today Silk Lisle Stockings In White With Black Clocks Of an exceptional quality,- made with double soles and high splicing on heels. In All Sizes, O C nr.jyj the Special, pah Firmt Floor. O WILSON LAYS PLANS President Is Indignant Over Tale He Is Uneasy. SHORT TRIP TO BE MADE Speeches Will Be Made in Illinois, Indiana, Missouri and New York. Campaign to Bo Opened Sat urday at Shadow Lawn. ' LONG BRANCH, N. J., Sept. 19. President Wilson announced tonight that he has no Intention of making any campaign tour, but he will carry out plans already tentatively made for several speeches on public questions before non-partisan organizations. This announcement followed a conference between Mr. Wilson and Vance McCor mlck, chairman of the Democratic Na tional Committee. The President and Mr. McCormick ex pressed indignation over stories printed today to the effect that as a result of uneasiness over the Republican cam paign Mr. Wilson had changed his plana! and would stump the country. Other Speeches Dlaemiwed. Chairman McCormick discussed with the President many invitations received from different parts of the country urging Mr. Wilson to make speeches, but afterward it was said officially that the daces and dates had not been decided on. It was understood that some of these speeches will be in Illi nois. Indiana, Missouri and New York. When asked whether the President would go as far West as the Pacific Coast, Mr. McCormick replied: "Hardly that far." Secretary Tumulty authorized the following statement: "The President has no intention-of making any campaign tour. He does not intend to change the programme already agreed upon by those in charge of his campaign to accept invitations from non-partisan organizations . to discuss political questions." Flrat Speech Set tor Saturday. The President plans to make ad dresses on the porch of Shadow Lawn to delegations from various states who will call on him. The first of these will be made Saturday to a delegation of business men. Mr. Wileon will dis cuss the record of the Administration's business legislation. ' Chairman McCormick had a portfolio filled with letters from Democratic lead ers and invitations Jrom political and non-political organizations. He urged that as many as possible be accepted. He also told the President of his re cent trip to Indianapolis and the Mid dle West. Preparation of the speech the Presi dent will deliver next Monday at Balti more before the convention of the Na tional Grain Dealers' Association has been begun. In it Mr. Wilson will re fer particularly to the rural credits bill passed by Congress. Mr. McCormick denied emphatically reports that Democratic leaders arj alarmed over the political situation. He said that during his Middle Western trip he found strong Democratic senti ment. He predicted that within a few days Republicans will be on the de fensive. BOY, 17, HELD FQR ROBBERY Looting of Tolo Postoffice Is Laid to Carroll Powell, Medford. Carroll W. Powell, of Medford, is being held by Government officials on a charge of . robbery, pending investi gation by the Federal grand Jury now in session. Powell, who is 17, is ac cused of breaking into the postoffice at Tolo, although he is connected by authorities with other depredations in which the Government has been tho sufferer. The robbery of the postoffice at Tolo occurred September 6. Young Powell Is said to have taken stamped envel opes, postcards and other Government material. He was arrested last Sun day. His father aided the Medford chief of police in locating the boy. POLICY JUST TOO LATE PRF9SB DRIER BURNS AS OWSER IS GETTING 1SSIRASICE. Harvey Fleming Receives I.ons;-Dla-tnnee Call at Vancouver Telling of Loss at Farm Fast of Camas. VANCOUVER. Wash.. Sept. 19. (Spe cial. "Write me a policy of insurance on my prune drier." Harvey Fleming told J. B. Atkinson, of this city, yester day afternoon, as he stepped into Mr. Atkinson's office. Mr. Atkinson started to comply with tho request and began to write the policy. "There is a long distance call waiting for you." Mr. Atkinson told Mr. Fleming. Answering the call, Mr. Fleming found loss of his drier will amount to $2500. while the fruit in the drier and picked in the orchard will add another $2500 to his loss. It was Mr. Fleming's second serious loss within two weeks. A whole herd of blooded dairy cows. 16 in all, died less than two weeks ago from eating larkspur, which poisoned them. Six years ago Mr. Fleming lost several thousand dollars, when fire destroyed a cafeteria which he had opened in this city but on which he had no insurance. Georgia convict camps are beins conpoli Hatea becaune of a lort:iKe of convicts. Sixty deputy wardens huve lieen dijchHrsr(J. To Overcome Eczema Never mind how often you have tried and failed, you can stop burning, itch ing eczema quickly by applying a little zemo furnished by any druggist for 25c, Extra large buttle, $1.00. Healing be- his daughter waiting on the phone. A,hort time usually every tra ot im few brief words were exchanged and , , hi.ri,),.. Mr. Fleming turned to Mr. Atkinson and said, "Never mind about the In surance: the drier has Just burned." - Mr. Fleming is a prominent dairyman and prunegrower owning property a few miles east of Camas. He had just nicely started on harvesting his big prune crop, which was rapidly ripened bv the warm east wind last week. The rash, eczema, tetter diseases will be re- ples, blackheads. and similar skin moved. For clearing the skin and making It vigorously healthy, zemo la an excep tional remedy. It is not greasy, sticky or wa'.ery and it does not stain. When others fail it is the one dependable treatment for all skin troubles. Zemo. Clex'eland. ARMY SHIRKERS PUNISHED Fnnston Orders 174 Guards Who Quit Hike to Make Long March. SAN ANTONIO. Tex.. Sept. 19 One hundred and seventy-four of the guardsmen who left here last Saturday on the marcn to Austin dropped out and have returned to Camp Wilson here. General Funston said tonight. They have been put in the guardhouse and tomorrow will be conveyed by motor-truck to Hunter, where they will rejoin their organizations. General Funston express disappoint ment that so many men lacked spirit to make the hike. All of the 174 will be compelled to do the 83 miles to Austin, however, and further punish ment probably will be devised for them later. General Funston indicated. Damages of $30,000 Asked. Damages of $30,000 are asked of Willet & Burr, C. A. Smith Timber Company and Smith-Powers Company, by Angel Pappas in a suit filed in the Circuit Court yesterday. Pappas was injured seriously in a fall of 45 feet from a trestle being used temporarily during construction of a railroad line in Coos County. September 20, 1914. says hia complaint. BANK DEPOSITS SHOW GAIN Seattle Institutions Report Increase of $4,587,885 Siuce June. SEATTLE, Wash., Sept 19. (Spe cial.) With 29 banks of 31 in Seattle reporting in response to the Control ler's call for statements September 12, deposits of $98,209,455 are shown, be ing an increase of $4,587,885 as com pared with statements of June 30. The gain by individual institutions varies from $2000 to $1,300,000. Welfare Exhibit at Hood River. HOOD RIVER, Or.. Sept. 19. (Spe cial.) Under the auspices of the Hood River Woman's Club, the Children's Welfare Commission of Oregon is mak ing daily exhibits here this week. To morrow Mrs. Robert Tait, president of the commission, will deliver an illus trated lecture. Mr. Chamberlain Leaves Friday. OREGONIAN NEWS BUREAU. Wash ington, Sept. 19 Senator Chamberlain will leave for Portland next Friday. To be Had V at every first-cla9place ha Unstif-passed Mineral "Wevter. his iff the ArVater now x- r i , given preierenue my th American public Unexcelled table Water. Blends incomparably with all liquors' ROPING - RACING 1 BULL-DOGGING RIDING WILD BRONCHOS ROUN DUP PENDLETON, SEPT. 21-22-23 TRAIN SERVICE FROM PORTLAND. Leave Union Station. Arrive Pendleton. 7:50 A.M...'. 5:00 P. M. 10:00 A. M 5:10 P.M. 6:15 P. M 2:20 A. M 11:20 P. M 7:20 A.M. Journal "Let er Buck" Special 11:00 P. M., Thursday 6:15 A. M. Round TripPare$8.60 if feM hR Ktja -via- Elfe 0-W.R.R.&N. UNION PACIFIC SYSTEM Information and Tickets upon application CITV TICKET OFFICK, ' WitKliinuton lit Third Street. Ii roadway 45(H), A VIZI. 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