TlTE MORNTTG OREGOXIAIf, WEDNESDAY. SEPTEMBER 20, 1916.
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PORTIAN'L), WEDNESDAY, SEPT. SO, 1916
OVIt RETALIATION POLICY,
The main difference In principle be
. tween the allied and German methods
of injury to each other's trade is that
the former has shown respect for hu
man life, -while the latter did not do
'so until an American ultimatum
brought about a change. Both claim,
the right to place their own construc
tion on international law. Both main
tain that military necessity is superior
to neutral rights. There being no
tribunal authorized to lay down the
law to them or capable of enforcing
respect for its own construction of the
law, neutral nations have no recourse
except to retaliate upon the commerce
. of the offending nations. War upon
' all offenders is Impracticable while
. they are engaged in war with each
other, and war upon any one group of
' offenders would enroll the injured
neutral nation on the side of the other
group. Commercial retaliation re
mains the only means available of en-
forcing respect for neutral rights. To
this Congress has authorized the Presi
dent to resort.
Under the leadership of Great Brlt
, aln the allies have adopted several
hostile measures against Germany
which the United States holds to be
unlawful. The blockade of German
Baltic ports being Ineffective as
against Scandinavian nations, we
maintain that it Is ineffective as
against neutral nations. Limitation of
Imports to those nations to their do
mestic needs as prevailing before the
. war, in order to prevent re-exports to
' Germany, is an aggravation of that
Illegality. A further aggravation is
, the limitation of imports of European
neutrals to certain agencies such as
the Netherlands Overseas Trust, which
contracts to permit no re-exports to
Germany. It is a practical invasion
of neutral sovereignty. This Invasion
extends to the United States, for im
ports of wool from British territory
to American ports are permitted only
to a combination of textile manufac
turers. Still more arbitrary is the
prohibition of trade with certain
American firms alleged to be con
trolled by Germans, to be using their
neutral status as a means of evading
the blockade and to be adding to Ger
many's financial resources. The right
;of a belligerent to prevent trade be-
. tween its subjects and its enemies is
not denied, but it has no right to pre
vent trade between two neutrals on
its mere assertion that one of the
parties is in fact an enemy.
Restriction of use of allied ships to
certain commodities and prohibition
or limitation of carriage by sea of
other commodities is defensible on the
ground that a Nation may control its
own ships and that when war has
rendered the supply of tonnage insuf
ficient for normal commerce, it may
designate for carriage those com
modities which are necessary to war
. and its own sustenance. But exercise
of this power is open to grave abuse
and should not be permitted by neu
trals without consideration for their
commerce.
Right of a belligerent to search
mails for contraband of war is con
ceded by International law, but until
the present war private correspond
ence was exempted by special agree
ment between nations, and great laxity
was shown In exercising the right. It
was held that the possible injury
which might result was too slight to
justify the labor of search and the
Irritation which might be provoked
among neutrals. But in this war the
mails have been extensively used by
both parties for purposes of propa
ganda and espionage, the extension of
parcel past has caused large quanti
ties of contraband to be sent from
neutral countries to Germany by mail,
and business with Germany has been
kept alive. Hence the allies are exer
cising the full rights which had lain
dormant. The complaint is that they
have gone far beyond their rights by
delaying business correspondence, by
revealing business secrets to their own
people who compete with neutral
firms, by actually destroying letters,
by confiscating printed matter and
preventing transmission of news let-
' ters or altering their text. In fact,
the allies have established a censor
ship over all Intercourse by mail
anions: all nations and to that extent
have assumed sovereignty over the
world.
The allies deny avoidable delay or
destruction of correspondence, but
they admit seizure of letters written
for purposes of espionage, of mer
chandise and of seditious and inflam
matory literature designed to promote
uprisings. They say that information
obtained from business correspondence
Is used "for the sole purpose of guld
' ing the action of the government in
the conduct of the war," but that
"honest business and trade secrets"
are safe in their hands. They- defend
censorship of press dispatches on the
ground that they are "German lies"
designed to poison the mind against
the allies.
That- last plea shows the length to
which the allies are going in censor
ing what the world shall read. They
are free to contradict the so-called
"German lies," but they deny neutrals
the opportunity to read the German
side of the case, while they proclaim
their own case by Industrious prop
aganda. They have undertaken to say
what Americans shall or shall not
read about the war. When they usurp
such power, what value can we at
tach to their assurances that the cen
sorship does not Invade our rights in
other respects, or that the blockade
..does not far exceed their lawful au
thority?
In order to force the allies to bring
their action within international law.
the President has been given author
ity to deny the use of United States
mails, express, telegraph, wireless and
cable facilities to any offending na
tion; to deny clearance to vessels
which give undue advantage to any
persons or descriptions of traffic, or
yhlch discriminate between classes of
traffic; to deny commercial privileges
to any nation which does not accord
full and equal facilities to American
citizens, even to the point of prohibit
ing' Imports from such a nation.
The allies depend to so large an ex
tent upon this country that these re
taliatory measures should bring them
to reason. Denial of clearance to their
vessels would deprive them of many
supplies which they sorely need. De
nial of commercial rights would pre
vent borrowing of American capital
and would obstruct purchase of Amer
ican goods. Prohibition of imports
would seriously reduce the foreign
trade upon which they largely rely
to maintain their economic strength.
If- these measures should fail, an em
bargo could be placed on exports of
food and munitions. That measure
would not injure us so much this year,
when our wheat crop is short and our
meat supply depleted as it would in
a year of bountiful crops. The United
States is so strong economically that
it has ample weapons of defense short
of war.
MIXING WITH THEIR OPPONENTS.
The Aberdeen World has made the
not astounding discovery that Demo
crats participated in large numbers in
the recent Republican primary there.
For proof if proof is needed of a fact
and a condition known to the least
acute observation the . testimony of
the Aberdeen Herald, a Democratic
newspaper, is adduced- The Herald
makes this altogether reasonable ex
planation:
riesnfte the ft forts of the state Democratic
organization, the vote in the county (Gray!
Harbor) shows tnat democrats generally
Darticinated in the Republican primaries.
This is due largely to the fact that there
were no filings for county offices by Demo
crats, which left the -oters of that party
open game for the army of aspirants on
the Kepubllcan tlcKet, so tnat tne oiame,
if blame there be, is at least divided be
tween the parties. Some Democrats voted in
the opposition primaries as a protest against
the Drovision of the law which compels sep
arate ballots for local officials, and with
mem tins practice win not cease until a
ballot is provided containing all candidates
the same as those at the general election.
Thus a Republican primary in Ore
gon and Washington is an election
where the members of all parties meet
and vote.
Why, then, a primary, if there is
no protection for a party and no pre
tense of compliance with the rules,
which are that there Is a Democratic
primary for Democrats, a Republican
primary for Republicans, and so on?
In point of fact, the first in oractiee
is a farcef the second a mere form.
Quite clearly, the end will be that
there will be no primaries or no par
ties. Or both.
POrNDEXTEB AMI HUGHES.
The Oregonian observes with inter
est and not without satisfaction that
Mr. Poindexter, Republican candidate
for United States Senator from Wash
ington, does not look upon his re
nomination as a "vote of confidence in
President Wilson" an interpretation
placed by sundry hair-trigger Demo
cratic oracles upon the result of the
Washington Republican primary. A
letter written by Mr. Poindexter to a
supporter Mr. J. E. Chllberg, of Se
attle appears to be designed to clear
up the misunderstandings various citi
zens. Republicans and Democrats
alike, have had about his attitude to
ward issues of National moment, and
particularly toward Mr. Hughes on the
one hand and Mr. Wilson on the
other. The Oregonian quotes the let
ter in full:
SPOKANE -Wash.. Sept. 15, 1916. J. E.
Chllberg, Alaska Bldg., Seattle, Wash.: Hope
you will make it plain to every one Inter
ested, particularly Republicans, that I have
consistently voted and worked for a tariff
upon lumber, shingles, wheat, wool, coal
and all the other raw products which con
stitute the production of the Pacific North
west. The same thing is true as to every
article of American production which needs
protection. I mention the foregoing as ot
special interest in this state.
I declared in the primary campaign un
equivocally my support of Hughes and Fair
banks and shall work for their election and
urge others to do likewise.
My objections to the Underwood tariff bill
are shown by scores of votes to change its
schedule In the particulars mentioned and
many others, and I shall take advantage
of the earliest opportunity and every occa
sion to substitute for this bill a tariff bill
carrying out the policies' of the Republican
party as expressed In its recent platforms
end distributing uniformly the benefits of
protection. m.
I am very much In hopes that all elements
In the Republican party can unite for the
election of the entire ticket.
MILES POINDEXTER.
Thus we find that Mr. Poindexter
pledgesjiimself unequivocally to th6
Republican nominees and to protec
tion, and specifically to a tariff for
those articles of production in which
his state is particularly concerned.
Meanwhile his Democratic opponent,
Mr. Turner, in a public statement at
Spokane, indorses President Wilson
and all the Wilson policies, declaring
that he is wholly in sympathy with
the Democratic record. "I will be,"
he says, "a Democratic Senator."
Obviously, those Democrats who en
tered the Republican primary for the
purpose of giving a "vote of confi
dence" in President Wilson through
the nomination of Mr. Poindexter were
in the wrong pew.
The voters of Washington are, after
all, to have the opportunity of choos
ing between a candidate for Senator
who has the Republican nomination
and who is for Mr. Hughes and his
policies, and a Democratic candidate
for Senator who is for Mr. Wilson and
his policies.
TRADE WITH ALASKA.
During August Seattle exported to
Alaska goods to the value of $2,339,
104 and imparted thence goods worth
$8,696,153, dispatching forty-one ves
sels northbound and receiving forty
eight vessels. Twenty years ago Se
attle shipments to Alaska were less
than a million dollars for the entire
year. The trade In one month is now
more than double that of the entire
year 1896. This is the result of nurs
ing along a trade that was in its in
fancy, of not despising the day of
small things.
If Portland should now engage In
the Alaska trade it would be late at
the feast and would find the daintiest
dishes consumed, but there is always
room for one more at the Alaska banquet-table
and there is still plenty to
eat. The letters from Frank Carpen
ter which are appearing in The Sun
day Oregonian give us to understand
that the development of the great
northern territory is about to begin on
a large scale with construction of the
Government railroad. Opening of coal
mines will supply cheap fuel, which
will make development of low-grade
metal mines profitable. Miners of
coal and metals and employes of rail
roads will make a market for products
of Alaska farms and ranches, and
other industries will naturally follow.
The trade of Alaska will be too great
to be absorbed by a single port. Alas
kans will welcome competition, and
Portland may yet win a share.
The time when this port la building
its own ships is peculiarly propitious
for making this long-postponed ven
ture. At no excessive cost wooden
motorshlps could be built and operated
in the trade with Southeastern and
Western Alaska, carrying supplies to
the mines and canneries and bringing
back: coal, ore and canned fish, The
one requisite is permanence, for Alas
kans will not break established busi
ness relations to patronize a line which
abandons the field after one season.
It would be better to start on a small
scale with one ship and build up year
by year than to start on a grand scale
and break down.
WHY NOT BOTH?
Quite a natural inquiry from Mr.
McCants ' Stewart, one of the leaders
of the colored race In Portland, is
printed elsewhere in The Oregonian
today. It concerns the failure of the
Legislature, when it submitted an
amendment to repeal an inoperative
section of the constitution prohibiting
the franchise to negroes, to Include in
the repeal another inoperative section
denying the right of negroes to settle
in Oregon or own property in this
state. 1
Both sections are part of the original
constitution which was adopted prior
to enactment of the fourteenth and
fifteenth amendments to the Fed
eral Constitution. The latter insure
equal rights to all citizens regardless
of race or color and override the Ore
gon sections.
Both are relics of another age.
Neither has the slightest force or ef
fect. Both should be eliminated from
the constitution.
Probably failure to include both sec
tions in the repealing amendment was
pure oversight. In any event, omis
sion of one should not prevent adop
tion of the repeal as it is submitted.
SPRING SHOOTINO PROHIBITED.
From the southern border of the
United States to the northernmost lim
its of the British possessions in Amer
ica, which is almost synonymous with
the North Pole, Spring shooting of
wild game birds is made unlawful by
the terms of the game-protection
treaty into which we have just en
tered with Great Britain. These birds,
including swan, geese and several va
rieties of the duck, have breeding
grounds far from the haunts of men,
in the gTeat swamps west of Hudson's
Bay and along the fringes of the
Arctic Ocean. Once in these inacces
sible places they are safe as can be
from interference by hunters. The
real aim. of the treaty has been to
protect them while on their way and
in the mating season. Other migratory
game birds that are protected include
woodcock, plover and snipe. Their
migrations cover nearly the entire
country, and under unrestricted shoot
ing they were threatened with the ex
tinction which already has overtaken
the passenger pigeon and is about to
engulf the wood duck.
These waterfowl are valuable ad
juncts to our food supply and they
furnish sport for hunters, but another
issue is involved in the protection of
insectivorous birds that also are in
cluded in the treaty. The actual loss
to crops as the result of ravages of
insects is enormous and there is no
feasible way to check them, or even
to make appreciable inroads on their
numbers, except by protecting the
birds that live on them. A young bird
that will eat more than its own weight
of insects every day is the farmer's
best ally and the appetite of a grow
ing bird is marvelous. It is held by
some agricultural authorities that the
only salvation of the cotton crop lies
In cultivation of birds to combat the
boll weevil, and every farmer knows
what the commoner birds mean to
him.
Game protection has a double val
ue. It has its present benefits in dol
lars and cents and it cultivates the
spirit of doing something for the com
ing generation. If the bars were let
down it is possible that we should
not suffer for years to come, for it
would take years to make serious in
roads on the present supply of birds,
but the day of their extinction would
come eventually. By our protective
measures we are storing up treasures
that will be rich indeed for our
descendants
COMMAND OF THE AIR.
That "command of the air" is only
a relative military phrase is asserted
by Claude Grahame-White and Harry
Harper in a review of the first two
years of operations by aviators in the
war in Europe, in the Fortnightly Re
view. War secretaries may talk in
boastful vein of holding such com
mand, and to the superficial observer
It may seem that one side or the other
actually does dominate the situation in
the skies, but the writers observe that
"only on occasions has it been possible
to win and hold some temporary su
periority." This is due to the fact
that the personnel of the service al
ways has been entirely insufficient
One reads in the official dispatches
from time to time of clouds of aero
planes on scouting duty or engaged in
aerial combats, but thrilling as these
are, they fall far short of what the
enthusiastic advocate of the aeroplane
in warfare would have them accom
plish. There is a constant dearth of
men. The fatalities are high. Ma
chines would be plentiful, if men could
be trained to operate them. But where
millions are sent to the trenches, rela
tively few are found fit for the essen
tial duty of the aviator.
The writers give interesting com
parisons of the uses made of aircraft
by the various belligerents. The Ger
mans were first to show conclusively
how the aerial observer, by signaling
to the gunners below, could increase
to a marked extent the accuracy of
shellfire. This was so because the Ger
mans had gone seriously into the ques
tion before the war and had made a
series of experiments. It was not new
to them. The details had been worked
out, even to the systenvof signals. Then
the entente allies learned the lesson.
The review of their work says that
the British soon gained superiority in
scouting- because they had built their
machines for speed rather than pri
marily for stability. The Germans
made use of their- machines in the
beginning rather for defensive pur
poses. They were brave, but not so
venturesome aa British or French.
They contented themselves for a long
time with defensive tactics. "That is
to say," the writers observe, "they
sought to keep the enemy's aeroplanes
away from the front by attacking
them when they appeared." But both
French and British sought combat and
carried the war over the German lines.
They were not more courageous, but
were more bold. It seemed as if they
made use of more initiative, or else
the Germans were restrained by their
superior officers from undertaking
enterprises in purely adventurous
spirit.
It 'is Interesting also to learn that
the airmen of the entente allies have
to a much greater extent than the
Germans cultivated the raid. Par.
ticularly the French have engaged In
large expeditions of this nature, hunt
ing out Zeppelin sheds, munitions fac
tories and storehouses and attacking
them, Lven the movements of troops
have on occasions been interrupted
but this, the writers assert. . has not
given them the "command of the air.'
At soma other point, and perhaps at
the same time, their enemies have
been able to send up numbers of aero
planes. It will be remembered that
only a day or so ago the Germans told
of an attack by seaplanes on allies'
ships off the coast of Flanders. There
is disagreement In the official reports
as to whether damage was done, but
that fact is relatively unimportant.
The point is that the Germans found
an unguarded spot and were able to
venture an attack on what seems to
have been a rather large scale. To be
able to meet air attacks at all points
would require a veritable army corps
of aviators and machines, which it is
quite apparent none of the belliger
ents, even after two years of war, pos
sesses.
The article contains a warning to
Americans who will read it. Mr.
Grahame-White believes that there
will come a time when wars will be
begun by "great fleets of powerful
aeroplanes," which will unite in
paralyzing attacks, "destroying gov
ernment buildings, arsenals, factories
and railways, paralyzing all communi
cations and blotting out whole cities."
Three years ago even at the be
ginning of the present war this would
have seemed fantastic. Now it will
be accepted by nearly everyone as at
least a reasonable possibility. He adds
that disaster awaits a nation that
ignores the lesson.
The aeroplane is as clearly in Its
infancy as was the steamboat a cen
tury ago. Its development in the past
two years is only an indication of
the rapidity with which changes can,
be brought about. It is not impossi
ble that a war in the near future may
bo won by a nation that because of
its foresight is able actually to take
and hold command of the region of
the clouds.
Finding of a note in a bottle on the
California coast the other day serves
to recall some noteworthy journeys
made by messages cast into the sea.
The most remarkable bottle adventure
in all history probably was the one
recorded by the Boston Herald. A
doctor started a sealed bottle from
Mozambique and it was picked up
thirty-seven months later, twenty-
seven miles above the Impassable
Maredo Falls, on the Sunrlam River,
in- Dutch Guiana, and contained traces
of clay peculiar to a diamond district
far in the interior of South America.
Numerous other bottle tests have been
made, but they seem by comparison
like staying: at home and reading the
guide books would seem to an ex
plorer. A fellow of the Royal Geo
graphical Society once sent out five
bottles from East London, of which
four were returned to him from the
west T;oast of Africa and the fifth
from New Zealand. Most bottle mes
sages have proved to be hoaxes, but
they have been seriously employed in
efforts to obtain information about
the ocean currents, only infrequently
with effect.
Puddlers, the men who "boil the
iron" in the mills in the East, having
recently agreed on a wage adjustment
on the basis of $9.30 a ton, which
was acclaimed as the "highest rate
of wages ever paid," the Pittsburg
Leader dusts off its history and shows
that the highest rate ever paid was,
as a matter of fact, $16 a ton. In the
years immediately following the Civil
War, when iron was literally king in
the industrial world and prices were
paid for it that would paralyze the
industry in the present day. Iron rails
at that time commanded as high a
price as 6 cents a pound. The pres
ent rate, however, is regarded as high
ly satisfactory by the men, and Is not
expected to continue forever. The
present extraordinary demand Is due
to war conditions, and it is predicted
that there will be a return to normal
when peace has been declared and the
uses to which Iron is put and for
which steel is not equally suitable be
come fewer.
Chaplain Gilbert is mistaken. The
public is not indifferent to the troops.
Almost every citizen has a friend or
two in the ranks of whom he is proud
and whose career he has watched with
approval. He rejoiced at the quick
response to the call and was glad
when his friend returned unhurt. But
he long since began to look upon the
whole affair as a play-day thrill, and
until the Third Oregons get back to
their armories and resume their old
standing he cannot change his view.
What man with wealth and in his
prime can escape a trap baited with
voluptuous feminine beauty? Even
Ulysses only withstood the song of
the Siren by plugging the ears of his
crew and binding himself to the mast
of his ship.
The Mexican commissioners, speak
ing for the republic, promise to run
down and capture Villa; but that is
what the de facto government has
been trying to do for a year or more.
It is always the doings of the other
fellow of similar name that put the
joke on a man, and it Is the one great
bit of humor to enliven a dull world.
Who should worry?
Von Hindenburg plans to hold the
allies in the west while he smashes
the Russians, but he has not consulted
Douglas Haig at all as to the way the
plan will work out.
One unfortunate side of the strike to
be pulled off in New Tork Friday Is
that the wages of 700,000 will cease,
with a hard Winter in sight.
Pershing has been a kind of goat
in this Mexican trouble, but he's go
ing to be made a Major-General ; so
it's worth while.
Insantiy is said to be on the de
crease in Ireland, due, no doubt, to
the fact that the "tyrant" is busy else
where. The injunction may lose 'its terrors
for labor unions if they find it an
effective weapon against employers.
Spend one afternoon at Forest
Grove and another at St. Helens and
see two good county fairs.
Seattle has a lower death rate than
Portland, for the obvious reason of al
leged population.
The sun is about to cross the line
and bad weather is due, but all signs
fall in Oregon.
Horse chestnuts are ripening and
soon the early frost will put on the
finish.
The "outlaws" are taking their oats
uncrushed at Pendleton this week.
There's a pretty good fair running
at Canby, too.
Isn't Is great to be alive) these Sep
tember days? . , ." , .
How to Keep Well.
By Dr. W. A. C -vans-
Questions pertiaent to hygiene, sanitation
and prevention of disease. If matters of gen
eral Interest, will be answered In this col
umn. Where space will not permit or the
subject la not suitable, letter will be per
sonally answered, subject to proper limita
tions and where stamped addressed envelope
Is inclosed. Dr. Evans will not make diagnosis
or prescribe for Individual diseases. Re
Quests for such services cannot be answered.
(Copyright, 1916, by Dr. W. A. Evans.
Published by arrangement with the Chicago
Tribune.)
PUEVESTIOJf OP DIABETES.
DIABETES is not exactly a disease.
In a certain sense it is a symptom.
In another sense it is an expression of
the fact that the individual
concerned can assimilate only a
limited amount of sugar and
starch. We speak of 150-grain
(10-gram) tolerance or 1500-graln (100-
gram tolerance, or ZOOO-graln (200
gram) tolerance, meaning thereby that
if the individual should eat more than
150. 1500 or 3000 grama of sugars and
starches in the 24 hours he would ex
crete some sugar in the urine. Under
these circumstances it is proper to
speak of finding sugar in the urine
under the head of diabetes.
Every person should have his urine
examined for sugar and also for albu
min once a year. Fat folks and folks
who inherit diabetes should have a
urine anaysia twice a year at least.
Joslin auggesta that every person
should have an examination on every
birthday.
One factor that will prove helpful in
controlling dlabetea la the Increasing
tendency of the people to take out in
surance and the increasing tendency of
insurance companies periodically to. ex
amine their policy holders.
Dlabetea runs In families. It Is in
herited In soma cases. Jews are very
subject to it. Persona who inherit a
tendency to diabetes should have the
urine examined twice a year. They
should guard against obesity and espe
cially against diabetes by eating no
candy or other sweets and by limiting
the amount of starches and particularly
breads, cakea and pastries any food
made from flour.
Obesity Fat people are very prone
to dlabetea. They should have their
urine examined for sugar twice a year.
They should experiment to determine
the amount of sugar and starch which
they can stand and keep alwaya below
the, limit.
Physical inactivity and mental over
work Joslin aays: "The man who, in
middle life, gives up hard physical
work and is promoted to an office chair
with increased mental worry is exposed
to dlabetea."
An essential part of the Allen treat
ment of dlabetea la regulated exercise.
This is almost as important aa a regu
lated diet.
It follows that one way to prevent
diabetea is to keep physically fit; to
keep the muscles firm, solid and well
under control of the nerves. In the
Allen treatment the patients are direct
ed to take aome exercise immediately
after eating. It la a matter of common
information that when on has eaten
heavily he will feel better if he will
take a walk in the open air or other
wise exercise. If exercise just after eat
ing helps to cure diabetes it should
help to prevent, and it does.
Joslin aaya: "It is too early to cay
whether we shall be able to train the
soft muscle diabetlo into an athlete, but
there la no doubt but that it is worth
whila to try to do no." Allen aaya: "It
is hoped that an end may be put to the
period of the pale, feeble diabetlo
dressed in double unaerwaar. hugging
the radiator and growing mora neu
rasthenic all the time."
This applies to the prevention of dia
betes as well as Its cure.
Mental Hygiene Hodgson says that
diabetics should be kept mentally Indo
lent and physically active. A factor in
the prevention of diabetea is freedom
from -worry, great mental excitement
and mental overwork.
Itch Is Contagious.
Mrs. H. M. writes: "I have the Itch.
It cornea in groups of little Ted pim
ples, then forms a blister. Have used
several medicines on it. but it will heal
and then come back. The Itching la ter
rible. Can you answer in your column?
I have several friends who have this,
so it must be contagious. You would
be doing a favor,
REPLY.
There la such a disease as the itch and It
Is contagious. It la due to the female Itch
mite. At bedtime take a hot bath. Scrub
the Infected parts with a towel and some
yellow laundry soap. Dry the skin by vigor
ous rubbing. Rub sulphur ointment vigor
ously Into the akin over the affected areas.
Do this on Saturday, night. Monday night
and Wednesday night, three applications.
Put on fresh undsrwear after each applica
tion. Boil underwear used while the Itch
la active.
Baby la Hun gry.
Mrs. C. E. D. writes: "I have a baby
girl almost 9 months old. and it seems
that, in spite of frequent breaat feed
ings day and night, aha always appeara
hungry. Do you advise alternating the
breast food with other? If ao. what is
a good diet, please? I give her a
zwieback or two each day with butter
spread over It and ahe likes It. She
has never had a day's Illness."
REPLY.
Give her no food but breast, awelback; and
butter until after October 1. When the
weather sets cooler civ her the breast twice
a day and artificially feed her at the other
feeding times. Attsr October 1 ahe can eat
swleback. cereals, orange and prune Juice,
vegetables, chopped very fine, meat broths.
and even very finely chopped meat, milk
and eggs. Begin the use of cow's milk b
using- pasteurized or boiled milk diluted with
an equal quantity of water. After two weeks
if all goes well change to milk, two parts;
water, on part. Give the mils: out ot a cup.
Hives.
V. a. A. wrltea: "(1) Ara there dif
ferent kinds of hives?
"(2) Is there any cure after they
become habitual, or, rather, after they
have given trouble for years?
"(8) What is the direct causa
of
hives?
"(4) What is a cure for hivea?"
REPLY.
1. Tea
9. S and Hivss is a disease ot the akin
In which the blood vessels dilate, local swell
ing occurs, and Itching; Is very prominent.
The cause of hives Is poisoning by food. The
food which causes hma in one person may
be wholesome for everybody but that one
person. In faot, the person affeoted is more
at fault than la the food. He baa a sensi
tiveness to the particular foods which cause
the disease In him. The cure of hives Is a
matter of finding out which foods disagree
and avoiding- them. Sometimes a person csn
experiment with foods and find out for him
self what to avoid. Some physicians are
able to make vaccinating tests with foods
and in that way find out the cause la a
ive case, .
REAL FAULT IS WITH PEOPLE
Those Who Litter Hlajhway Need Rev
erence for Nature's Beauty.
PORTLAND, Sept. 19. (To the Edi
tor.) I have read with much interest
and satisfaction the letter in The Ore
gonian on "Preserving the Beauties of
the Columbia River Highway." Two
weeks ago I went over the Highway
with some Eastern friends and was
much distressed, to notice the manner
in which some of our good-natured.
but careless, pleasure-seekers threw
their lunch boxes and refuse in all di
rections.
Ten years ago, when I flfst beheld
the wondrous beauty of the Columbia
River and the marvelous scenery along
lt banks, I considered that such a river
and auch surroundings must surely be
a great asset to any city in the vicinity.
As the train wound its way along the
river bank and I feasted my eyes on
the beauty all around, I felt indeed
blessed that fortune had cast my lot
amid such sublime surroundings. 1
meditated on the time when a good
road would be built along the banks
of this lovely river; little thinking it
would come so soon.
The Columbia River Highway needs
no decorations; the artistic bridges and
unique atone work are enough. Nature's
lavish hand has done the rest. Mr.
MacLaren, who laid out Golden Gate
Park, when asked by the park board of
Ashland, Or., what he would advise
them to do to beautify their City Park,
said: "Do nothing, you cannot Improve
it." We cannot improve the Columbia
River Highway. Our privilege being to
protect It.
The many beauty spots of the old
world are jealously guarded. People
are not allowed to throw refuse about.
They would be arrested. Yet we want
some higher motive than fear to in
spire our sightseers to protect our
scenery.
The writer in The Oregonian thinks
that something is lacking in our Gov
ernment, Is the fault with the Govern
men or with the people themselves?
We are reminded that the standards of
a people, do not depend on their gov
ernment, but are the effect of their
manners and customs and their man
ners and customs are the effect of their
character or habitual mode of think
ing. "As a man thlnketh In his heart,
so is he." What is really lacking:, then.
i "reverence." the kind of reverence
that John Mulr felt as he uncovered
his head when confronted by nature
In all its majesty and mystery. Let us
clean out the weeds that are choking
it and give this much-neglected virtue
a chance to blossom anew in our Na
tional character.
However, until that time comes we
are compelled to call on the strong
arm of the law to enforce- decency and
order.
MRS. JOHN M. SCOTT.
FOR STOCKRAXC.E OR SETTLEMENT f
Crane Prairie Withdrawal Asserted
Benefit Livestock Men.
PORTLAND. Sept. 19. (To the Edi
tor.) I respectfully submit these facts
In answer to Roscoe Howard, general
manager of the Central Oregon Irriga
tion Company, whose letter appeared
recently in The Oregonian. He claims
the cheapest storage is at Crane
Prairie in Central Oregon, which is not
the truth, aa time will prove. They
have Big Cultus Lake, only two miles
above there, which is about one mile
wide and four miles lonsr and has been
sounded to 160 feet in depth and no
bottom found. They also have 16 other
lakes above there that are natural
storage reservoirs, but the prass does
not look as green to Mr. Howard or
the association of stockmen he refers
to, as the grass on Crane Prairie.
We have an acknowledgment from
the Reclamation Service that the with
drawal was made without any investi
gation aa to other storage possibilities.
Now I will leave the public to judge
which would be best for the state, to
let the stockmen have it with about
1800 head of cattle at little or no ex
pense or let 100 families make good
homes and have about 4000 head of
cattle which the prairie would sup
nort bv cleaning: up tho balance of the
valley. We will admit that it snows
some there In the winter, dui tms aues
not necessarily mean that this would
in any way detract from the agricul
tural qualities of the land. The water
he refers to was caused mostly by a
dam at the lower end of the prairie,
but Mr. Howard need not worry, it
will be drained.
As the matter stands now, this close
corporation, with its herds of cattle, is
securing unwarranted benefits from the
Government at the expense of misin
formed Government officials and many
families who are ready and willing to
homestead the land. They (the present
beneficiaries) are simply endeavoring
tn rilscouraare an Impartial hearing.
fearful, no doubt, that the revealing
of the real facts would take rrora tnera
the easy pickings which they are now
enjoying.
A hearing would not hurt anyone un
justly and in this case should right a
present great mistake.
S. S. MOHLEH,
1031 Arnold street.
ACTIOV TAKEN IV GOOD FAITH
So Saya Mr. I'Ren Concerning Protest
In Benson Hesring.
PORTLAND, Sept. 18. (To the Edi
tor.) I believe that it is only fair that
you and your readers should know my
aide of the Smith protest asainst Mr.
Benson's admission to citizenship be
fore passing final Judgment.
Mr. Llghtner's official position and
standing in this community Justified
Mr. Smith and myself in believing his
statements and accepting his promise
to repeat them in court under oath. Mr.
Llghtner has been County Commis
sioner for 12 years, and I believe has
had the continuous support of The Ore
gonian. In this position he has baen a
leader in doing things. When ha waa
elected, the county was several hundred
thousand dollars in debt. Since his
election the county has built the Court
house, has built miles of paved roada.
paid all its debts, and has money In
the treasury. There are plenty to tell
Mr. LIghtner'a shortcomings, but in
these things he ia credited with having
been a leader.
Before I wrote Mr. Smith's affidavit
of protest. Mr. Llghtner told me that
he had testified before the grand Jury
that Mr. Benson had threatened to
spend $35,000 to recall him if he did
not vote for tha use of what Is com
monly known aa Warrenlte or bitu
llthlo pavement for the Columbia High
way. He said Mr. Kiernan would cor
roborate his statement. Afterward he
told the same story to Mr. Hazzard. the
Federal naturalization officer. In tha
presenoe of Mr. Smith and myself. He
said he had made thla statement to the
grand Jury when his enemies were try
ing to "get something on him."
I waa unable to see Mr. Kiernan per
sonally before tho protest waa filed and
when I did see him a few minutes be
fore the hearing, ha refused to corrob
orate Mr. Lightner. Mr. Llghtner's
courage deserted him and he left the
courtroom after Mr. Benson was called
for examination.
I do not believe that Mr. Smith waa
moved by any personal feeling and I
know that I was not.
WILLIAM 3. U'REN.
Indemnity.
Exchange.
The indemnity demanded of Turkey
at the close of the Russo-Turkish war
of 1877 was 6725.000.000. but Russia
agreed to accept territories for $500,
000,000 of that sum. It seems incredi
ble that indemnities bearing a like re
lation to costs can be assessed at tiie
close of the present struggle.
In Other Days.
Twenty-five Years Ago.
'From The Oregonian of Sept. 20, 1S01.
The bear hunt In the hills northwest
of the city did not materialize last
Sunday, but if the weather is at all
favorable, an effort will be made to
hunt bruin down today. There is one
bear that has had his home on the
hills for several years. Ha has been
seen and shot at several times.
Notwithstanding the threatening
weather and sloppy streets, 10,000 peo
ple found their way out to the Expo
sition last night and there was a
perfect jam in the art gallery.
The laying of the water main along
the Macadam road to the city limits
will be completed in a few days and
then the extension x of distribution
mains for this season will be finished.
San Antonio, Tex., Sept. 10. Tha
revolutionary movement in Mexico Is
looked upon with the gravest appre
hension by the authorities of that re
public A dispatch from tho City of
Mexico states that President Diaz
called his councillors about him and
discussed the impending trouble.
The steamer City of The Dalles,
built here to run in connection with
the portage railway, and the steamer
Regulator in the middle river, was in
spected yesterday and given a certif
icate and will leave this morning on a
trial trip to the Cascades.
Half a Century Asro.
Krom The Oregonian of Sept. 20, 1S88.
Tho Chicago papers say that the
"Grapd Army of the Republic." a benev
olent and patriotic association of of
ficers and soldiers of the late volun
teer army. Is rapidly Increasing in
numbers throughout the state. It now
has posts In evary county and all tha
eoldiera ara flocking: Into it.
The woods are on fire In the moun
tains north of Mount Anderson, imme
diately adjacent to tho southwestern
part of the city.
The friends of William Harrington
will be pleased to learn of his reap
pointment as marshal of Washington
Territory. Mr. Harrison has proved
himself an efficient officer and haa
discharged his duties with general sat
isfaction. The appointment was well
bestowed.
The mail route from Salem, via Jef
ferson, to Lebanon, has been changed
to run via Condit and Scio to Lebanon.
The public service is a weekly one. but
the people along the route are carrying-
one a week by private enterprise,
so that they have semi-weekly mails.
WHY ONE BUT NOT TIIE OTHER!
Submitted Repeal Leaves In Constitu
tion Inoperative Block-Law Section.
PORTLAND. Sept. 19. (To tho Edi
tor.) In the "Proposed constitutional
amendments and measures (with argu
ments) to be submitted to tho voter
of Orefron at the general election Tues
day. November 7. 1916." attention la
called to the constitutional amend
ment referred to tha people by tho
Legislative Assembly negro and mu
latto suffrage amendment to remove
the discrimination against the negro
citizen by repealing Section 6 of Ar
ticle II thereof, which reads as follows:
"No negro. Chinaman or mulatto shall
have the right of suffrage."
There appears to be no affirmative
or negative argument In tho pamphlet
Issued and compiled by the Secretary
of State. I have wondered ever since
I first saw the general laws of Ore
gon, 1916, who was responsible for this
enactment and why? Tho fifteenth
amendment to the United States Consti
tution rendered of no legal force or
effect this provision restricting- tho
elective franchise to whito persons:
Wood vs. Fitzgerald. 3 Ore., 679. Ne
groes or mulattos born or naturalized
in the United States and subject to the
Jurisdiction thereof by virtue of the
fourteenth amendment are now citi
zens of tho United States and of tho
state wherein they reside, and, there
fore, by virtue of the fifteenth amend
ment are entitled to the right of suf
frage in this state the same as whito
persons. The same is true of all per
sons born or naturalized in the United
States and subject to tho jurisdiction
thereof. I would rather have removed
Section 35 of Article I providing that:
No free negro or mulatto, not residing
in this stute at the time of the adoption
of this constitution, shall come, reside or
be within this state, or hold any rest estate,
or make any contracts, or maintain any
suit therein; and the Legislative Assembly
shall provide by penal lav. s for the removal
by publlo officers of all such negroes snd
mulattos, and for their effectual exclusion
from the state, snd for the punishment of
persons who shall bring them Into the
stute or employ or harbor them.
Also. Sections 2 and 4 of Article
XVIII had to do with tho negro.
Now, Oregon Is known as a "black
law" state and if an attempt is being
made to erase from the face of the
constitution those ante bellum laws,
why not have done so with one swoop?
Are you going to take them one by one?
Isn't it more expensive? Again, is It
proposed in this to continue and. also,
reject Section 2163 of Lord'a Oregon
laws providing:
Hereafter it shall not be lawful within
this state for ' any white person, male or
female, to Intermarry with any negro.
Chinese, or any person having one-fourth
or more negro, Chinese or Kanaka blood,
op any person having more than one-half
Indian blood; and all such marriages, or
attempted marriages, shall be absolutely
null and void.
Also. Sections 2164 and 216S? Any
one of these sections is as barbarous aa
the other.
Who started this and why? Waa tho
Legislature flirting with the Colored
Woman's Republican Club or the Na
tional Association for the Advancement
of Colored People?
M'CANTS STEWART.
UHEMSM IS BLIGHT OF COUXTRT
Continual Meddling; Frightens Away
Investors, Saya Writer.
PORTLAND. Sept, 19. (To tho Ed
itor.) It is Indeed disgusting to see
such men as ITRen appearing in court
trying to keep Simon Benson from
becoming a citizen. If we had a few
hundreds more men like Mr. Benson
and a few hundred less like ITRen,
Oregon would soon take on the con
dition of prosperity its resources, cli
mate and geographical position justify.
U'Renlsm is the curse of Oregon, and
wo can never amount to much until
we can get rid of it. How to do this
ia a serious question.
Several times the voters hava told
him they do not want single tax. and
yet he tries to force It onto us through
fraud and deception by covering it up
In his land and loan bill.
Oregon needs capital to build rail
roads into the unsettled districts and
develop the latent resources, but we
can never get capital to come into the
state for investment until tho danger
of U'Renism is removed.
I voted for the initiative, believing
it -waa right to put the law-making
power in the hands of the people, but
its operation is proving our undoing;
because of the use and abuse that are
being made of it by a lot of disgrun
tled political experimenters.
Capital will not Invest In an enter
prise so long- aa a lot of political
wolves loose with power are ready to
Jump on and legislate it out of all Its
profits. If wo could load a barge
with these political meddlers and tow
it out to sea and submarine it. we
would clear the financial atmosphere
and encourage tho investor of outside
capital to come in and start something.
J. A SOESBE.
452 Fourth Street.