Morning Oregonian., August 18, 1916, Page 8, Image 8

8
THE MOKXTNG OREGOXIAX. FRIDAT, AUGUST 18, 1910.
PORTLAND, OBECOS.
Entered at Portland (Oregon) Postofflce as
second-class, mail matter.
Subscription, rates Invariably In advance.
S - (By Mall.)
Dally, Sunday Included, one year SS.00
Xnlly, Sunday -Included, six. mouths. ... . 4. -5
Dally, Sunday Included, three months... 2.2o
Dully, Sunday included, one month...... .75
.Daily, without Sunday, one year. ...... . 6.00
Daily, without .Sunday, six months
Daily, without SimdLay, three months... 1.75
Daily, without Sunday, one month U
"Weekly, one year 1.00
Hunday, one year....................... 2.5o
Sunday and Weekly. . . . . ............. U.oO
(By Carrier.)
Daily, Sunday included, one year. ..... . 9.00
Daily. Sunday included, one month..... .75
f!rr to Remit Send postofflce money
order, express order or personal check on
your Jocal bank. ' Stamps, coin or currency,!
are at sender's risk. Give postofiice address
in fult, Including county and state.
Postitflre Kaie -12 to Id pages. 1 cent; 18
to ivj p.tees. - cents; 34 to 4S pages. 3 cents;
r0 to Ot .pases, 4 cents; 62 to 76 pages,
S cents;. 78 to S2 'pases. S cents. Foreign
postage, double rates.
Ka.f rrn Bmioew Office Verree St Conk
Iln, iirumrwiok building. New Tork; Verree
c Conklii, Steger building, Chicago. San
Krancisco representative, K. J. Bidwell. 742
Market sti eet.
PORTLAND FBIDAT, AUGUST 18, 1916.
. OHEGOX itAI.T.TKS TO SUt. HCGirES.
By gatheiing in thousands -without
precedent from all parts of the state
to hear Mr. Hughes, the people of
Oregon demonstrated their intense In
terest in the cause of -which he
is the . spokesman. They had, to
use his owrn expression, man
damused him to become a candidate
and had thus given most impressive
evidence of thei1r belief in his honesty,
sincerity and ca.pacity, and in the prin
ciples for whhih he stands. They
gathered in a gxeat host to .hear him
set forth those principles; they ap
plauded . him with an ' enthusiasm
which proved tnem of one mind with
him.
That immense audience at the Ice
Hippodrome was not the result of po
litical organization or of machine
methods. It waa not a tribute to Mr,
Hughes personally, highly esteemed as
lie is as a man. It was an outpouring
of the Republican masses to hear an
exposition of the Republican pro
gramme by its chosen exponent. It
proved that the Republican party,
united and earnest, is on its toes with
Interest in the cause for which he
peaks. It expressed intense approval
of that programme. The. heart of the
masses in Oregon is with the Repub
lican party and with Mr. Hughes as
its leader,,-''
Mr. Hughes' speec."h was a forth
right, unqualified declaration of Re
publican principles. There was no
hedging, no evasion of issues. He was
not turned aside by the 'absurd plea
that he should not criticise President
Wilson. Having challenged Mr. Wil
Bon's fitness and the soundness of Mr.
Wilson's policies by becoming a can
didate for the office .which he holds.
Mr. Hughes could not do otherwise
than attack htm, not personally but as
President. The issue before the people
is the issue between Air. Wilson as
leader of the Democratic party and
Mr. Hughes as leader of the Republi
can "party. Reeking to supplant Mr.
Wilson as President, Mr. Hughes is
bound -to set his own policies in op
position to those which his rival has
followed and purposes to continue fol
lowing.
There is no question about what Mr.
Hughes stands for. His speech was no
mere criticism of has opponent; he put
forward an affirmative policy on
every important issue.
He "stands for efficient administra
tion of the Government as an instru
ment for industrial and commercial
organization of the Nation to meet the
fierce cmipetition which will follow
me war?
To that end he proposes a protective
tariff framed under the guidance of
a tariff commission as a permanent
policy.
He proposes to combat the clash, of
class interests by treating the United
Ctates as "a great co-operative enter
prise," in which all are "fellow-work-
Ingmen"; to protect children and worn
n from exploitation.
In foreign policy he desires "to see
America standing erect among the na
tions, in conscious self-respect, seek
ing no trouble, not aggressive or blus
tering, demanding only what is just,
but being firm in her demands and
prepared to maintain- them." He
would cultivate friendship with all na
tions but would not "invite disrespect
or permit ourselves to be insulted be
cause it is thought we will take the
insult."
He would have an efficient military
system, with a regular Army large
enough to police the border without
calling the National Guard away from
its civic duties and to defend us against
foreign foes.
He would have a Navy "adequate
on both coasts, efficiently led, effi
ciently organized" by men "specially
qualified for such work," not by "men
who are simply of political conse
quence." He would make a friend of Mexico,
secure its respect, aid Mexico in estab
lishing a stable government, but "have
it understood that American lives and
the rights of American citizens are
going to be maintained."
"We ought not to tolerate the sug
gestion of scuttling the Philippines."
"We need throughout our adminis
trative departments high standards of
public work."
There is in those definitions of Mr.
Hughes' policy no suggestion of war
like adventure, jingoism or militarism
only the ideal of a Nation firmly
maintaining its rights and amply
armed to do so, but respecting the
rights of other nations. There is no
hint of favoritism to. any class or in
terest only the ideal of an efficient
government devoted alike to the serv
ice of all. The Hughes policies do not
appeal to the imagination, as might
others more ambitious but more dan
gerous, but they do appeal to the sober
judgment and .sense of rectitude and
self-respect of the people.
CNGBATEFCL AMERICAN'S.
Authorization by Congress of the
expenditure of part of the balance of
the fund appropriated two years ago
to rescue Americans who were caught
in the war rone of Europe, for the
purpose of bringing suit to recover
money so advanced, comes as a. pain
ful reminder that some of our own
countrymen are unappreciative of
what their Government has done for
them.
It will be remembered that the out
break of the war caught a great com
pany of travelers unawares. It was In
mid-Summer and the tourist season
was at its height. Suddenly the cata
clysm came. Financial systems went
to smash. Money orders, carefully pro
vided in advance, became valueless.
Tracks and trains were turned over to
the armies of the belligerent nations.
No one, in the first haste of mobiliza
tion, had much time for a mere for
eigner, and least of all a foreigner
without real money at his command,
Every man was a stranger to every
otheror nearly so.
Then our Government stepped in.'
Grateful Americans still remember, for
example, .the work done by Ambassa
dor Herrick for his countrymen in
France. Our diplomats in many in
stances drew on their own stocks of
ready cash, trusting to the future for
reimbursement. In due time Congress,
made an appropriation for the pur
pose. Americans who had suddenly
found themselves mendicants in Eu
rope were enabled to return home by
advances made to them out of the
Treasury of the United States.
Of course, the money thus advanced
was regarded as a loan. There was
presumption that it would be repaid
at once, since our Government is in
no sense responsible for the travel bills
of its tourist citizens. So it is amazing,
on the whole, to read the figures as
to those who have neglected to pay.
The number of individuals is large,
the sum they owe to Uncle Sam is
slightly in excess of $400,000.
The reason why some men think
that beating the Government involves
no moral turpitude is not easy to
analyze. The amount involved in this
single-affair is greater than all the
contributions to the "conscience fund"
of the United States Treasury in a
good many years. Every customs of
ficial knows what the experience is.
and every income tax collector. Most
of the men who are being proceeded
against by the Government would feel
the odium if they were being sued for
a private, admitted 'debt. They are not
all of the class of men who go into
bankruptcy when they have money to
pay. But they make a distinction in
their peculiar ethics between beating
the Government and swindling a
neighbor. It is a peculiar condition
of morals that seems to go with living
in a free country by people who do not
know exactly what freedom means.
Nor is inability to pay a factor. The
Government has made provision for
fthe really indigent cases and they have
been "written off" the account. It is
said that in bringing suits, the Treas
ury Department is limiting itself to
those instances in which there is a,
reasonable chance of collecting when
judgment is taken. But the expense
of litigation promises to be large and
the Government will be out of pocket,
in any event. There is no way of
compelling people by law to be grate
ful. AS TJSTJAI
Astoria fails to get a submarine or
naval base or much of anything out
of Congress, except that it has a
chance to present its case to the board
of experts which will inspect all coasts
and report on all locations.
Astoria is about where it was in the
beginning. Astoria made a gallant
fight. It deserved better from a Con
gress which' has voted many millions
for preparedness, and has given huge
sums for a greater naval programme.
But while Astoria is left to whistle
in the wind for favorable future con
sideration, the Puget Sound Navy-yard
comes off with flying colors. There
will be a great shipbuilding yard at
Bremerton.
Astoria is thus left to chew the cud
cf fragrant reflection over the lot of
a community and state left to hold the
Dag. Legislative snipe-hunting is a
great game. The way the eager As
toria hunters were led through the
Congressional woods and departmental
bogs by Oregon's two great Senatorial
jokers will "forever be a classic story
in the annals of the Astoria naval-base
pursuit. The picturesque Harley ver
sion adds verisimilitude to an other
wise impressive tale.
Meanwhile Astoria will gulp down
its disappointment and congratulate
the state of Washington upon its ef
fective representation in Washington.
A RE AT, MAYOR.
The new city administration of Den
ver does not quietly accept the impu
tation that the cause for the over
throw of commission government last
May was political and not economic
Writing from the Mayor's office to
The American City, a magazine de
voted to city problems and activities,
Edgar C. MacMechen, publicity agent.
disputes an article appearing in an
earlier number which attempted to
minimize the commission issue in the
Denver reversion.
"Denver abolished the commission
form deliberately after it had been
weighed in the scale of public opin
ion for three years," says Mr. Mac
Mechen. There is a table appended
which discloses an astonishing record
concerning the city's general fund.
This fund is under the exclusive con
trol of either the Mayor or Commis
sioners in the matters of revenues and
expenditures. Compared with 1911,
for example, Denver under commis
sion government in 1916 collected in
general taxes $280,000 more, spent
$92,000 less for permanent improve
ments, and instead of the surplus of
$240,000 which remained in the treas
ury at the end of 1911, had a deficit
of $210,000. In one way or another,
more than $800,000 in excess of the
amount expended for such purposes
in 1911 had gone into ordinary city
operation in 1915. And before leaving
office the commission levied for 1916
a sum $801,000 in excess of the levy
for the preceding year.
But Denver, according to this writer,
has not gone back to the Mayor form
of government as it existed before
adoption of commission government.
The new charter embraces the best
in the old forms, and the Mayor, it is
boasted, possesses more power than
the Mayor of any other city.
We gather from this report that
Denver, without knowing it, has
adopted a sort of city manager system
The new charter resolves itself into
that when there is elected a Mayor
who has real managerial qualifications
and full supervisory authority over all
departments is vested in the office
Denver's Mayor has lopped off sev
enty-seven city jobs since taking office
less than three months ago and has
reduced the salaries of thirty-five more
to a fixed standard. A grave fault
with commission government, as Den
ver had it and as Portland has it, is
division of governmental authority.
We have five Mayors instead of one.
each interested chiefly in his own of
ficial affairs. The tendency of every
independent, unrestrained department,
whether in" private or public enter
prise, is toward topheaviness. Port
land's need is a real executive bead
and it does not make much difference
whether he be called Mayor or city
manager.
A concession which has long been
desired by National banks is made by
the bill amending the Federal reserve
law which has passed the Senate. It
permits a member-bank of a Federal
reserve bank In a city of more than
100,000 people and having $1,000,00
capital and surplus to establish not
more than ten branches within the
city, in states which permit branches
of state banks. An attempt was made
to extend this privilege to a radius of
twenty-five miles or to the country
limits, but it failed. The United States
is making progress toward the branch
bank system, which has put the en
tire banking business of Canada in
the hands of a few powerful banks.
f THEY DETEST EXPERTS.
One thing upon which Mr. Hughes
has laid stress in his speeches is that
reliance upon expert knowledge is the
essence of efficiency in government.
For example, he said at Chicago:
The more democratic the Government is.
the more you need hard sense and expert
knowledge and a willingness to listen to
people w-ho know what they are talking
aout.
He would have a tariff commission
composed of experts. He would rely
pon experts for administration of the.
Army and Navy. That has been in
creasingly the disposition of Repub
lican statesmen. President Roosevelt
sent an expert financier to straighten
out the tangle of Dominican customs
and to establish a collection system.
He sent in turn Wallace, Shonts and
Stevens, expert organizers of great
public work, to set things going on the
Panama Canal. He steadily extended
the merit system in the diplomatic
and consular service, in the postoffice
and other Government departments.
President Tart extended the same
system, and applied it in his Tariff
Commission appointments and in crea
tion of the Economy and Efficiency
Commission.
Senator Burton and Representative
Frear proposed to turn the river and
harbor business over to experts, either
by relying solely on Army engineers
or by establishing a waterway com
mission. As Secretary of War, Elihu Root
caused the Army Staff to be estab
lished and Secretary of the Navy
Meyer relied on the judgment of the
General Board of the Navy. They put
faith in the man who is specially
trained to do one thing well, for their
goal was efficiency.
To the Democrats the expert is a
nuisance, for he stands between the
Congressman and his pork, between
the office-seeker and his Job. Thus
experts were crowded out of the diplo
matic service to make way for de
serving Democrats. Subordinates of
Internal revenue collectors and mar
shals were excepted from the civil
service law -that men who had been
appointed because they were com
petent might give way to others.
chosen because they were Democrats.
Employes in the Income Tax Bureau,
of the Federal Reserve Board, of the
Federal Trade Commission and of the
Farm Loan Board were excepted from
that law, in order that no- legal re
quirement of competency might stand
in the way of Democrats.
When opportunism moved the Ad
ministration to establish a Tariff Com
mission, the House cut out the veto
on appointment of members or ex
members of Congress, because it would
have given experts preference to lame
ducks. Advice of the War College
experts as to Army organization was
contemned by James Hay, chief pork
grabber of the House, and that of the
General Board of the Navy was pushed
aside by Secretary Daniels.
The expert is the evil genius of the
spoilsman, and the pork-loving poli
tician.
OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES.
It would seem that a multiplicity of
diseases is one of the penalties we pay
for our high civilization. We lack data
as to the woes of man in prehistoric
times, but it is safe to assume that
they were confined to such injuries as
stone bruises and aliments occasioned
by malnutrition, for our very early
forefathers were noted for their lack
of thrift and were likely to go hungry
in the seasons when the hunting was
poor. As for germs, it Is probable that
to a greater or less extent primitive
man built up his own immunity to
them. Eugenics as a science was un
known, but the ruthless process of
survival of the fittest worked its way
to the ultimate analysis. We have
traditions, which it would be easier
to accept than to disprove, that men
in those days lived to a great age. But
perhaps this was not true of all of
them. Accurate statistics as to in
fant mortality in the Stone Ago are
lacking.
But as we become more highly spe
clalized with the advance of scientific
division of the task 3 of men, so also
we grow more sensitive to peculiar
maladies; so much so that the Ameri
can Chemical Society at its convention
in New Tork next month plans to con
duct a symposium on the subject at
which some of our foremost scientists
are to be heard. It is explained that
the purpose is to find a way of pre
venting these diseases. There are, "to
begin with, a long list of trades in
which work Is carried on in the pres
ence of much dust. Diseases of the
lungs follow in their train. The chem
ical trades in oartieular are fmhlect
to many especial perils. Almost every
one has heard of chimney-sweep's can
cer, which is said to be causVd directly
by the irritation set up by soot. "Lead
poisoning" is common in paint mills
and among smeltermen. Nerve trou
bles result from employment in rub
ber factories, owing to the fumes of
carbon di-suplhide.. We have baker's
itch and grocer's itch, both occupa
tional diseases, and regarded as forms
of eczema, and there is motor neuritis.
or writer s cramp, which afflicts book
keepers and novelists. Until recent
Federal legislation on the subject re
moved the danger, the manufacture of
phosphorus matches was attended by
a nigh death rate. Sawing certain
kinds of wood is productive of inflam
mation of the nasal passages. It is a
curious fact that "housemaid's knee.
which used to be a sort of medical joke
among the half initiated, proves to bo
one of the chief afflictions of coal
miners. Of course, the reason will be
apparent on a little thought.
Investigation would be useless if
there were no prospect of remedy, but
the scientists hold out hope. Pro
fessor Baskerville, of the College of
the City of New York, has made an im
portant contribution in the discovery
that most of the ills caused by breath
ing the dust of the streets an "occu
patlonal" disease to which every dwell
er in a city- is liable can be prevented
by the simple expedient of flushing
the streets with chlorinated water.
This has been tried in New Tork, and
is said to have been proved successful
as well as relatively Inexpensive. It
is not altogether a question of the
purity of a city's water supply, since
street dust Itself is laden with bacteria,
a considerable proportion of which
may be bad. Treatment with chlorine,
scientists say, materially reduces the
death rate.
Then there is a newly discovered
and somewhat astonishing remedy for
lead poisoning. A Philadelphia physi
cian is responsible for it. He places
the patient with his hands in one tub
of salt water and his feet in another,
while a pole of an electrio battery is
placed in each of the tubs. The cur
rent carries the lead that it finds on
its way through the body of the pa
tient and deposits it on one of the
electrodes. The thing is so simple that
one wonders why it was not discovered
long ago.
The ideal for which scientists are
striving is a condition in which we
shall have the advantages, the com
forts and the pleasures of modern
times without the distress that also at
tends them. If we insiston traveling
a hundred miles an hour, we must ex
pect to be pretty well smashed up
when our vehicle stops suddenly; if
we will fly high, we must fall far
if we fall; but we are lessening the
dangers of collisions and other purely
mechanical accidents day by day. The
new movement ia in the direction of
eliminating the diseases that are either
caused directly by new trades or are
due to weakened resistance traceable
to pampered constitutions. What we
are striving for is a table set with pate
de fole gras and a Stone-Age digestion
with which to enjoy it. Perhaps the
day will come.
Most persons now living can remem
ber the time when the smallest pur
chase involved no end of what was
called dickering. The one-price sys
tem is of comparatively recent origin
in our business life. Now, It appears,
long credits are making their last
stand at the outposts of the business
world, for long credits had involved
to a great extent the making of various
prices, adjusted to the prospect of
early or distant payment. There was
a reason for annual settlements in our
own frontier days, though they were a
heavy burden on the merchant, but
that is in the past. Latin-America
and South Africa are said to be the
two remaining regions where the busi
ness evil must be combated, and the
movement against it is making defi
nite progress. Boer farmers are just
awakening to the fact that they pay
as much as 100 per cent more for
goods they pay for in the indefinite
future, and South Americans are said
to be beginning to appreciate the value
of the cash discount. Since the chief
obstacle to our own trade expansion
has been the long credits we did not
care to extend, the trend is all in fa
vor of the extension of our business
on a big scale.
Wo look with grave displeasure on
the proposal, Jnst because the country
is threatened with a paper famine, that
the people delve into their-attics and
bring out all the "letters tied in rib
bons" that are reposing there and sur
render them to the maw of the paper
mill, in order that we may have more
stationery and more best sellers. The
reader will be surprised, no doubt, to
know that the author is a woman.
and a Boston woman, at that Mrs.
Mary Schenck, director of the Wom
an's Trade and Industrial Union. Nat
urally, it will be guessed that she is
a sociologist. There seems to be some
thing particularly destructive of sent!
ment about overstudy of alleged sociol
ogy. ' There are so many reasons why
the tender missive "tied in ribbon" has
a better right to existence than the
average book that would be replaced
by a bundle of them sent to the un
poetic vat, that it is hard to believe
that Mrs. Schenck means what she
says, while If it were a man who had
advanced the idea,-- people probably
would simply think no more about it.
Mrs. Schenck is little likely to win sup
port among her own sex for her much
too-utilitarian plan.
The new process of manufacturing
paper from cotton stalks will not at
present be of much use to Germany,
where it was discovered but where no
cotton grows, but it-may prove valua
ble to the United States. Should it
succeed, it will be one more added to
the several products of the cotton
plant. At first only the fiber was
used, then oil was pressed from the
seed and the refuse was used aa cattle
feed.
Although tho late J. P. Morgan was
esteemed one of the shrewdest and
most conservative of investors, it is
stated that in the valuation of his
estate stock- having-ja par value of
$7,219,344 Were appraised as worth
less. That par value is more than one-
tenth of the entire value of his estate.
There may be an interesting story in
the manner of his acquiring this stock.
The Congregatlonalist is having a
hot discussion in its columns on the
proposal to expunge "land of the pil
grims' pride" from "America." It
seems that descendants of the Puritans
consider themselves excluded by the
use of the word "pilgrims," which they
apply only to the Boston and Salem
settlers,. Hence the storm in a tea.
pot- s
The first successful submarine,
which was built by Jaatfes- Holland,
has been bought by Dr. Peter J. Gib
bons and his son, Austin Flint Gib
bons, to be preserved as a relic. As
it is Bixty-one feet long and weighs
sixty-nine tons, the finding of a mu
seum to accommodate it will not be
easy.
An insane man was caught trying
to get into Windsor Castle to collect
an alleged bill from King George, and
the dispatches give his name as Pat
rick Callaghan, humorously adding:
"Said to be an American." That is
a Joke that can get into the English
dome without the use of hardware.
Bryan is like the typical Democratic
office-seeker who will accept a shirt
if not given a coat. A possible Sen-
atorship from North Carolina looks
better than an impossible Presidency.
Hughes clubs of women are popular
in Oregon, and if the candidate could
appear in all the cities and towns there
would be equal number of clubs.
Nothing less than a Republican Ad
ministration and a Republican Con
gress will see the necessity, of a naval
base at Astoria.
There may be people in Denmark
who feel as Americans would if some
nation wanted to buy the Philippines.
Governor Dunne enjoyed the 8-cent
banquet with Illinois ' troops on the
border because he had the appetite.
Party welfare demands that Wilson
whrp the Senate Into line to secure
early" adjournment.
Georgia women are to get the right
to practice law and in time will have
the right to vote.
Portland was on its good behavior
Hughes day. There waa not an un
usual arrest.
It looks like Hughes from now until
November, a plain proposition.
Just as all the money is spent on
vacations, the dog tax is due.
That was what may be called a
vagrant shower yesterday
How to Keep Well.
By Dr. W. A. Enu. -
Questions pertinent to hygiene, sanitation
and prevention of disease. It matters ot gen
eral Interest, will be answered in this col
umn. here apace will not permit or the
subject Is not suitable, letter will be per
sonally answered, subject to proper limita
tions and where stamped' addressed envelope
is Inclosed. Xr. Bvans will not make diagnosis
or prescribe for individual diseases. Re
quests for such service cannot be answered.
(CopyrlBbt. 1918. by Dr. w. A. Evans.
Published by arrangement with the Chicago
Tribune.)
Somewhat Reerst Cures) for Infantile
Paralysis.
Netter of Paris has treated a few
cases of Infantile paralysis by inject
ing into the spinal canal blood serum
taken from some one who has been
cured of the disease.
He gives an injection a day for about
ten days. The amount of blood serum
injected is about one and a half tea
spoonfuls (7 c. a). In one injection
he gave about three teaspoonfula (13 c
c), but the smaller dose waa the one
usually given.
The curative substance begins to ap
pear In the blood of a person sick with
the disease on the third, to the fifth
aj It remains in the blood a long
time. It has been found in the blood
of a person who had had the disease
83 years before the test was made.
Netter made use of blood from per
sons who had had the disease as long
ago as 28 and 29 years. Blood from
any person who has ever had infantile
paralysis could be used. A Wasser-
man test should be made to prove that
the person la not a syphilitic
The earlier the -injection is given the
better. 'While one case cured by Net
ter was very severely eick and In a
somewhat advanced stage of the dis
ease, Netter's advice is that the treat
ment Ehould be used early. The
amount of blood required is small. It
may be possible to use the blood of
monkeys that have had the diabase.
Flexner and Lewis showed that the
blood of monkeys that had had the
disease when injected into monkeys
sick with infantile paralysis would
prevent paralysis from developing.
ADRENALIN The papers Inform us
that Dr. Meltzer of the Rockefeller in
stitute advocates the injection of ad
renalin into the spinal canaL Adrena
lin is made from the inner er yellow
part -ot the adrenal gland. Just above
each kidney there is a email gland
called the adrenal or the supra-renal.
This small gland is divided into two
parts the outer or cortical and the
inner or medullary coat.
The adrenal gland has no duct. Its
secretion is absorbed into the blood.
In the adrenal secretion are several
chemicals, the best known of which is
sometimes called adrenalin and some'
times epinephrln. There is always
some adrenalin in the blood stream.
By injecting it into the spinal canal.
Meltzer gets Us effect directly on the
infected inflamed areas as in the spi
nal cord. The treatment is being given
trial in New Tork City.
Lovett has developed a method of
testing the muscles as a means of
diagnosing the mild cases of infantile
paralysis. In some cases of Infantile
paralysis, when ordinary observation
does not indicate that there is any
paralysis, an electrical test shows that
certain muscles are weakened. He has
also improved the after treatment of
infantile paralysis by massage, passive
motion, and electricity.
-Puffins of Kyclids.
L. L. u. writes: l'ieaso toll me
what would bo most apt to cause a
puffing out of tho upper eyelids, so
they hang down on the outer sidea
each morning. I drink lots of water,
not miar.h, coffee or tea, and no beer;
get reasonable sleep, work hard; have
no bad habits. What is tho cause?"
KE5PLT.
Ilava your urine examined. If that Is nega
tive, have a physical examination.
Cocoa la Nourishing.
D. M. Wrltos: "I would appreciate
your opinion of cocoa as a beverage
for both adults and children."
REPLY.
It Is good. It has more food value and is
less of a stimulant than coffee or tea.
"o Food Before Snlni.
S. writes "In commenting on a re
cent drowning at the beach, a friend
of mine made the remark: 'Some of
them deserve to get cramps, consider
ing what they eat.' He went on to any
that he had noticed numbers of these
young fellows go up to the lunch
counter and eat such mixtures, for
example as 'hot dogs' and ice cream,
or some iced drink, and then go back
Into the water 'Is it any wonder they
get cramps?" he asks."
REPLY.
I h.ve no doubt but that the customs re
ferred to contribute to cramps. Night cramps
In the legs result from Intestinal fermenta
tion, then why not cramp while bathing?
Going In the water while digestion la un
der way is always bad. Swimmers should
not eat anything directly before going in or
while lounging on the beach, or drink any
thing, or smoke. After a swim one bus a
great thirst and a good appetite, He should
drink freely of wholesome drinks in order
to supply the water lost during the swim.
It ts all right to eat heartily aoon after a
swim, but not Just before ono.
Curvature of Spine.
C. R. writes: "I am a young lady
of 20 years of age and I have a curva
ture of the spine. About two years
ago a physician advised me to buy a
brace, which cost me $25. My left
shoulder blade Is much larger than the
right and my right rib Is larger than
the left. I did not wear the brace
long, as it was very uncomfortable.
1. Do you advise me to wear the brace?
2. Will It get worse as I grow older or
after my 21st birthday will it get
worse? 3. Is one-half inch considered
a bad curvature?"
REPLY.
1. Yes. '
3. Bomewhat. In all probability.
3. One-half Inch Is not much curvature.
If your left shoulder blade is much larger
than your right and the ribs of the two sides
ar markedly unequal In length you prob
ably have more than one-half inrh of curv
ature. If you ars to be cured or curvature
of the spina you mill have to put up with
considerable inconvenience.
Widow Inherits Half. Child Half.
PORTLAND. Aug. 17. (To the lid
itor.) What is the state of Washing
ton law in . regard to the following:
Husband died, property all in wife's
name, one child under age. Must there
be any process of law before v if a can
sell property or dispose of It in any
manner? MRS. SMITH.
Assumption is made that the prop
erty left is community property and no
will was made. The child inherits the
father's one-half, the widow retaining
half. The widow would be compelled
to probate the estate unless It was
valued 'at $1000 or under, in which
case special arrangement is made.
IM THE DEMOCRATIC CEMETERY
Mr. Geer Points Oat Some Important
"Mortuary Monument a.
PORTLAND. Aug. 17. (To the Edi
tor.) The reference by Governor
Hughes in his speech Wednesday night
to the tendency of the Democratic party
at this time toward abandonment of Its
time-honored opposition to a protective
tariff it declared such a tariff uncon
stitutional in 1912 was one of the hap
piest hits he made. He said:
If I were a member of that party and I
looked over the platforms of the past I
would feel that I were passing through a
cemetery richly embellished with mortuary
monuments.
The great force of this declaration
will be more fully appreciated after
reading this plank in the Democratic
National platform of 1S64:
After four years of failure to restore the
Cnlon by the experiment of war. during
which, under the pretense of military neces
sity or war-power higher than the Consti
tution, the Constitution ltaeir hss been dis
regarded in every part, and liberty and pri
vate right alike trodden down, and the
material prosperity of the country essen
tially impaired. Justice, humanity, liberty
and the public welfare demand that imme
diate efforts be made for a cessation of
hostilities, etc
Increased interest ia found in this
plank when we recall that it was Lin
coln himself who waa thus accused of
these high-handed assaults upon the
Constitution, liberty and the public
elfare the same Lincoln whom we so
frequently hear during these latter
days in certain sources canonized as
the faultless model the very same Lin
coln who made for himself a name sec
ond to none in the world's t history for
kindness, justice and firmness during
the four years he was the great war
President of the Republic
And, likewise, the following plank
found in the Democratic National plat
form in 1S68 Is a real gem of its kind.
Condemning the Republican party, it
said:
Its corruption and extravagance nave ex
ceeded anything1 known In history, and. by
its frauds and monopolies It has nearly
doubled the burden of debt created by the
war. It has stripped the President of his
constitutional power of appointment, even
of hts own Cabinet. Under its repealed as
saults the pillars ot the Government are
rocking on their base, and should it succeed
In November and Inaugurate Its President
we will meet as a subjugated and con
quered people, amid the ruins of liberty and
me scattered fragments of the Constitution.
Of course, this prophecy was perfect
ly horrible, so frightful, in fact, aa to
cast a snaaow of doubt over the real
sincerity of those who promulgated it.
especially when we remember that the
man who was to lead in this maelstrom
of destruction of constitutional rights
and things waa Ulysses S. Grant, the
second greatest character developed by
the Ulvll War the man who. "if elect
ed In November" would surround us
with "the scattered fragments of the
Constitution"; the man who, while not
too proua to right, found the expression
of his real nature in the famous phrase.
"Let us have peace!"
No doubt Governor Hughes ran
across a few of these "mortuary monu
ments" and they made him smile.
T. T. GEER.
LETTER "1" IS HARD FOR IN'DIAX
But Only at Beginning; of Word, Avers
Correspondent.
PORTLAND. Aug. 17. (To the Edi
tor.) Kd C. Ross good-naturedly en
tered the controversy over the pro
nunciation of the name "Rlckreall" and
Its origin. When he wrote on the 13th
Instant as he did. he immediately gave
me an opportunity to contribute my bit.
Ho used the expression. "KlicRet,
wako close muc-a-muc, nlka tickey
labbit." but omitted to tell us that this
was the old Chinook jargon and not
one of -the several languages of the
Coast. This draws the comment. Ross
nica halo cumtux Slwash wawa. Delate
cultus wawa, as far as the use of this
old trading jargon to concerned.
The change from La. Creole to Rlrk
reall ts very probable because at the be
ginning of words the Indian fimis it
very difficult to pronounce his "la." but
never at the end of words. His "1"
Is changed to "r" at the beginning, but
it remains unchanged In the body and
end of words. It is very possible that
"la" wa changed to "ra" and as tho
next "1" was at the end of the word
the Indian had no difficulty in pro
nouncing it. But the words might have
been blended so that Instead of having
La, Creole we now have RickrcalL
My line of thought would bo more
consistent than that of Mr. Ross be
cause he. used the example of "Dog
itiver-uog uvr, ana just Derore
using this Illustration he said that the
Indian always changed all hH "r.s"
From my statement, the way the old
Indian pronounced the name, the
changing of the "I" at the beginning,
but not at tho end. would be true.
Being of Indian origin and having
lived with them and also with those
having modern "civilization" I have
had an especial opportunity to observe
the Hlosy ncrnsles of both the language
and habit of the aborlglnee. My ob
servation Im not limited to what one old
Indian might have told me nor to the
observation of a couple of oM settlers.
"IX J UN."
Procured Nominations I'nlavrful.
PORTLAND. Ausr. 17. (To the Edi
tor.) I read In The Oregonian tin
oyher day about an attempt made to
nominate a second independent canal
date for County Judge of this county,
and that lack of numbers at the meet
ing was the only reason for not car
rying out the plan. The movement
appears to me to be. Just as your pa
per stated, an attempt to split the vote
of George M. McBrlde. He la makins
the race for County Judge because of
unfitness of Tazwell.
There Is a law against "stalking
horses." if my memory serves me right.
Did not the Legislature enact a statute
a few years ago making it a mlsde
meanor for ono to run for an office
In the Interest of someone else that
Is. run not to win, but simply to divide
the vote? E.
Section 3321 (Lord's Oregon Laws.
Vol. II) Procuring person to become
candidate, prevention and penalty. It
shall be unlawful for any person to
accept, receive or pay money or any
valuable consideration for becoming or
for refraining from becoming a can
didate for nomination or election, or
by himself or in combination with any
other rerson or persons to become a
candidate for the purpose of defeating
the nomination or election of any
other person and not with a bona fide
Intent to obtain the office. . . .
Any Circuit Judge ia empowered to
issue an injunction on proper com
plaint against such "stalking honse,"
restraining such person's name from
going on the ballot. The penalty is
11000 or one year in the County Jail.
I.nw Has Little Effect.
HILLSBORO, Or.. Aug. 16. (To the
Editor.) Recently In The Oregonian
considerable lias hern said about the
so-called eugenic law. This is a law
Intimately associated with morals.
Morality cannot be legislated Into peo
ple. My experience as a. physician has
brought to me a large number of men
who wished to be certain that their
health waa good before marriage. I
tan see no difference in this respect,
through- the passage of the eugenic
law, nor can I see any advantage to
the state or society by the action of
such a law, .except as it becomes a
stimulus to the gaining of honest in
formation. Any physician knovos that a viciously
Inclined person can destroy the work
ing of this law ao far as he Is person
ally concerned. It is possible for an
applicant, under this law. to complete
ly mnsk any serious Infection that he
may have. Fortunately for "jciety.
such men are few. I have never met
such a villain. L W. HYDE. M. D.
In Other Days.
J
Ilalf a Century Ai.
From The Oregonlan August IS. 1&S6.
Philadelphia. Aug. 14. Henry Claj
Dean, of Iowa, copperhead, was forced
to resign last night. Various delega
tions were in session yesterday and to
day and it seems to be resolved all
around that the convention shall be
harmonious. President Johnson baj
presented a paper urging all delegates
ti present a bold, harmonious and
united front, and suggesting that triors
he little speaking. General Du. Min
ister to The Hague, was made tempo
rary chairman when the convention or
ganized. The permanent chairman li
Senator Doolittle, President Johnson's
man.
The changes In tho postal laws prrs
vide that all prepaid and free letter
shill be forwarded at the request ot
the party addressed, from one postof
fire to another without additional
charge. Returned dead letters are to
be returned to the writer free of post
ege. Letters bearing a return address
shall be returned without further cost
also. Money orders are now authorized
for any sum not to exceed $50. After
October 1 the advertising of letters in
newspapers is restricted to first-class
offices.
Oraer Bryan reports the discovery oC
gold in the Coast Range near the Ne
balem River.
R. II. White has begun the eon
struction of a large wharf at the rear
of the new Columbian Hotel.
David Monnastes. of the Portland
Foundry, is preparing new shops a
Second street, between Alder and Mor
rison streets.
Tvrenty-Klve Years Ago.
From The Oregonian August IS. 1531.
Baron KrunD Is hesitating nhnnt
hlbiting some of hi3 great cannons at
the Chicago World's Fair.
James John Lawrence, the 9-vear
old son of President John Lawrence.
of the Oregon Telephone & Telegraph
Company, arrlvt-d in Omaha Monday
rrom Chicago. He Is making the trlr
froi England to Portland alone. H
left Liverpool August 1. and arrived
August 10 in New York on the Auranla-
He carries a letter to the various pas
senger agents and conductors, who looks
after him.
Sarakichl, the famous JaDdnc.i
wrestler, is dead at the age of 33. Con-
sumption, encouraged by draining too
heavily on his reserve force is given aa
liio cause.
Barney Johnson, a farmer living tir-ir
Salem, was sandbagged and robbed re
cently in Salem.
Amonj the policemen rusticating?
at the beach are Officers Thomas. Aus
tin. SnOW. Tichenor nnH Hiltrhinq nn
Chief Tarrlsh and Mrs. Parrih.
There .Is some hitch or misnnrtaN
standing in regard -to the promotion of
Adjutant-General J. C. Shofner to the
rank of Brigadier-General and the ap
pointment of 11. W. Mitchell to Adjutant-General.
The office of Adjutant
General is the only one that carries ,
salary and General Shofner ioes not
eiiKu oeing promoted out of it.
Frahk Boyd, son of C A Rmj
cued a boy from drowning- SnnH.r
Captain F. H. West and family, ac
companied by Miss Marv Joseph!, will
leave today for Sea View.
STATE AS EVERYBODY'S I.ADI.01U
Writer Sees Hardship Ahead If I. a ad
Latv Is Adopted.
GRESIIAM. Or.. Aug. 16. (To the)
Editor.) I have read carefully t.he
"people's land and loan law." to be
presented to the people of Oregon in
November, 1916. at the general election.
We have been for years, and are at
the present time, inviting capital to
come to this great State of Oregon to
develop the soil by farming, and the)
cities by establishing industries of dif
ferent kinds. But the "people's land
and loan law." If enacted, will not only
stop the investor from coming here
but will turn his eyes the other way.
toward some state that will offer liv
ing inducements for his capital. Peo
ple owning property will be forced te
sell or give It away. Why? Because
the "land rent tax." as prescribed it
the amendment, will force them to un
load It on to some one who Is anxious
to make a home for himself and fam
ily. The poor fellow sees great fortune)
for him in store by forcing his neigh
bor to unload on to him the load he
himself is not willing to bear. Hence,
the poor fellow gets a piece of land
at apparently a bargain; he takes his
family, and his earnings for years, and
moves onto the land or lot with his
heart light and gny; he spends his earn
ings in improving as far as it will go;
ho then appeals to the state for a loan
through "the people's land and loan
law." He gets the loan all right, yet
up to this time he did not realize that
the "land rent tax" which Is a part of
the "people's land and loan law." re
quires from him taxes equal to rent,
or equal to the earning value or rental
value of his land, and leaves nothing;
In the pocket of the poor fellow who
has worked faithfully and honestly to
make & home, to make hris home com
fortable or Improve further.
He then sees that the great and glor
ious State of Oregon has fastened a,
yoke around his neck. He must pay.
as taxes a sum equal to rent, equal to
the Income of the land, for the rest of
his life, and hand the yoke to his wife)
If she survives him, then pass the same)
yoke to his children. This looks like
a long road to prosperity.
The state will ultimately take over
all the land with all Improvements for
tho taxes owed. We will certainly hav
a very rich state with all the people
of the state as tenants to one land
lord the State of Oregon.
I believe that every voter shoultl
have a full understanding of this land
and loan law before going to the polls.
This amendment should be ir two dif
ferent and distinct measures: First, the
land tax rent law; second, the loan law.
JOHN BROWN.
Author of Quotation.
ROSEBURO, Or., Aug.. 18. (To the
Editor.) Who was the author of "The
pon is mightier than the sword?"
J. M. M.
The quotation as written is found in
Richelieu. Act II. Soene 2 (Bulwer
Lytton.) Practically the same thought
is expressed in other words in
some of the Latin proverbs. Saint
Simon in his Memoirs (1702) comes
closely to It in the following: "o
much had the pen, under the King, ad
vantage over the sword." James How
ell quotes the following: "Anser, apis,
vitellus, populus et regna gubernant"
goose, bee and calf L e. pen, wax
and parchment govern the world.
Illgheat Premium on Gold1.
PORTLAND. Aug. 17. (To the Edi
tor.) Please state the highest premi
um ever paid for gold In this country.
WILLIAM P. W1IISLER.
Gold sold first at premium early In
January, 1862. the New York banks
having suspended specie payments on
December 28. 1861. The highest point
reached was 28T on July 11, 1864. The
premlnm on gold disappeared at the
end of 1878. Just prior to the resump
tion of epecle payments.