9
THE MORNING OREGONIAN. WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 9, 1916.
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Eastern Business Office Verree & Conft
Jln. Brunswick building. New Torft; "Verree
& Conklin. Steper building, Chicago. San
Francisco representative, R J. Bldwell, 742
Market street.
the rights of the workingman. Mr.
Hughes sets forth the same principle
when he says that employers should
think of men not as "mere economic
units" but as "human beings." The
record of the Republican party shows
that, without any loud professions, it
has acted on that principle. The proof
is to be found in the employers' lia
bility laws, the laws limiting hours of
labor on railroads and on Government
work, in establishment of the Bureau
of Mines, which has greatly increased
the safety of miners' lives, and in ef
forts to prevent child labor. The
Democracy in this as in many other
cases claims monopoly of a virtue
which it possesses In common with
the Republican party, and the Repub
lican record of social betterment legis
lation does not suffer by comparison.
POBTLAMD, WEDNESDAY. AUG. 9, 1916.
DEEDS ABOVE TALK.
President Wilson will not find it
easy to evade the arraignment of his
Administration made by Mr. Hughes
et Detroit. The President has ex
pressed in most beautiful language the
most admirable sentiments, with which
in the main everybody agrees. Mr.
Hughes proves by incontrovertible
facta that Mr. Wilson's actions have
been in direct conflict with those sen
timents. He insists that the Admin
istration be judged by its deeds, not
by its sentiments, and he refers to the
latter only to show the contradiction
between deeds and words.
In no way has this faithlessness to
promise been more glaring than in the
spoilsmen's raids on the civil service.
These raids have extended from the
highest diplomatic posts to the lowest
offices. Whether it be in the appoint
ment of an Ambassador to a great
country, where the vital Interests of
the Nation are staked largely on the
fidelity and skill of a single man, or
in that of a fourth-class postmaster,
the practice has been the same to
make party service rather than fitness
for office the ruling consideration.
While professing to labor most ear
nestly for improvement of relations
and increase of commerce with Lafin
Axnerican countries. Mr. Wilson has
made practically a clean sweep of the
experienced diplomats who were sta
tioned at the capitals of those coun
tries and has filled their places with
Inexperjenced men whose sole claim
was that they were deserving Demo
crats and friends of Mr. Bryan. When
new laws created new offices, pro
visions have been Inserted excluding
these offices from the operation of
civil service laws. By riders to ap-
propriatlon bills existing offices have
been taken from under those laws and
made a prey to the spoilsmen. Party
rapacity has everywhere been gratified
at the cost of efficient public service.
The same conflict between deeds
and words in Mr. Wilson's treatment
of Mexico was exposed by Mr. Hughes.
Though his party vociferously boasts
that he has "kept us out of war," Mr.
Wilson made "very ignoble war" in
seizing "Vera Cruz. While professing
an unbending purpose not to intervene
in the internal affairs of Mexico, Mr.
Wilson has repeatedly intervened to
pull down one man and set up another
as ruler of that country. The only
purposes for which he has refused to
intervene were the protection of Amer
ican citizens and their property, to
which he was pledged by his platform.
and the assistance of Mexico in estab
lishing a stable, orderly government.
Having got rid of Huerta, he coquetted
with the monster. Villa, and thereby
provoked the armies of Carranza to
repeated barbarities upon Americans.
By alternately imposing and lifting the
embargo on exports of munitions, he
enabled first one faction, then an
other, to obtain the weapons and the
ammunition wherewith the Villa fac
tion slew our citizens at Santa Ysabel
and Columbus and the Carranza fac
tion slew our soldiers at Parral and
Carrizal. In a burst of indignant en
ergy he sent a punitive expedition to
catch Villa, but through fear of pro-
yoking Carranza's hostility he ab
stained from seizing the railroads and
occupying the towns which were nec
essary to its success. This timidity
encouraged Carranza's troops to at
tack the American forces, tempted
Carranza to order our forces out of
Mexico and brought about a state of
war which is to be ended by negotia-
tion after the Mexicans have begun
hostilities and without retaliation on
our part.
After having intervened to expel
Huerta, the President proclaimed his
purpose to leave Mexico to settle its
own affairs by fighting, then inter
fered by threatening to intervene if
the rival chiefs did not get together
and finally recognized the one among
them who had been most insolent and
contemptuous in his attitude. This
neglect of our obligation to protect
our citizens, while alternately med
dling and yielding to pressure, making
war and backing out of war, has made
American citizenship "a cheap thing,
a dishonored thing" in the eyes of the
world. Well may Mr. Hughes ask
"What is the President's policy? Does
any one know?"
The oft-reiterated charge of the
Democrats that the policy offered by
the Republicans as an alternative to
the Wilson policy whatever that may
be involves war, conquest, aggression,
annexation, was effectively answered
by Mr. Hughes. There is no need to
ask what he would do, for he outlines
a policy which involves none of these
things. He would follow "a straight
and clear path. He would give the
Mexicans to understand that "we do
not intend to meddle with their af
fairs, that we desire that they shall
perform their obligation to protect our
citizens and that, "if they can estab.
lish a stable government, we will do
all that we can to support it." That
policy Implies no aggression on our
part; it implies only firm action if
there should be aggression by Mexico
upon our citizens or our territory. The
promptness with which not only Mex
lco but other nations have ceased ag
gression upon our citizens whenever
Mr. Wilson has made a momentary
display of firmness warrants belief
that this policy will attain its pur
pose without war. Hence the alterna
tive is not between Mr. Wilson's pol
icy and war; it is between Mr. Wll
son's zigzag policy of war without re
suit, of meddling without force, and
of yielding to threats, and a policy
of firm Insistence on American rights
accompanied by scrupulous respect for
Mexican rights.
In his speech to the Detroit em
ployers. Mr. Hughes exposed a habit
ual misrepresentation of Republican
policy. The Democrats, by their dec
laration that labor is not a commodity
- and by their false charge that the Re
publican party is the slave of the In
. texesta claim a, superior, regard, Xs.
THE SAME Oil) STUFF.
The Lebanon Criterion and The Oregonian
propose to reform the initiative and refer
endum by bringing all initiative measures
before the Legislature. To propose that the
legislature reform the initiative and refer
endum is indeed refreshing. Rut who would
reform the Legislature? What else but the
follies of the Legislature caused the people
to adopt the Initiative and referendum? It
was a Legislature that passed ths "midnight
resolution." Portland Journal.
For ten years the public has had
from this source, without profit to
itself, this style of defamation of the
Legislature and representative govern
ment. Incidentally, there is the cus
tomary purposeful misrepresentation
of what The Oregonian has said. No
such suggestion or proposal has been
made by The Oregonian.
The Legislatures of Oregon have for
twelve years been nominated through
the direct primary and elected by the
people. If Legislatures are no better
than they were previously, the direct
primary has failed to make them bet
ter. If Legislatures have improved in
personnel and efficiency, the direct
primary ought to have due credit.
It is time that an honest, intelligent
and . dispassionate consideration be
given to the direct primary and that
the discussion be based on what it is
and what it is doing, and not on the
faults and defects of the system which
preceded it. The men who say the
system is perfect and should not be
criticised, or modified, or developed,
or corrected, or improved, yet de
nounce its results, are the state's worst
enemies.
effect of the amendment on improve
ments located on land sold for delin
quent taxes is darker still. They may
not be purchased by the state at a
sale for delinquent land rent taxes nor
by any other purchaser. If land thus
offered for sale is improved with clear
ing, plowing, drainage, fences, well,
houses, barns and other things perma
nent to the land, the original owner
would still hold title to them. He
could not remove much of them, for
much of them is not capable of being
removed. He could not use them
without trespassing on others' prop
erty and he could probably enjoin oth
ers from use of them.
The measure is largely a jumble of
words, dangerous In intent and am
biguous in meaning.
WELCOME TO THE BUYERS.
Increased arrivals on the first day
signify greater appreciation among
merchants in the Oregon country of
the opportunities of Buyers' Week in
Portland. By seeing what they buy
and by personal conversation with the
seller, they are able to buy with more
discrimination. They are also able to
inform the wholesale men of the pe
culiar needs and tastes of their par
ticular localities, and thus assist in
making better provision to supply
what is wanted.
The liberal purchases, which already
far exceed those of the first day of
last Buyers Week, are practical test!
many to the prosperity prevailing
throughout the Northwest. It has be
come habitual to speak of business in
this section as dull, and so it is when
compared with times of intense de
velopment and of speculation, but
when we consider the basic productive
industries, business is good. The proof
is the heavy demand of the producers
on farm, forest and mine for articles
to be consumed by them.
Whether the visitors made any pur
chases or not, Portland would gladly
entertain them. Every visitor who
departs praising the hospitality of
Portland, its equable climate, its
scenic beauties and highways, is an
asset for the city. They stretch
strong, though invisible, cords of
friendship between Portland and ev
ery community In the Northwest, and
bind together the states of this region
in the common cause of development
and progress.
SERBIAN'S AGAIX IX THE WAR.
News from the battlefront In Mace
donia, fragmentary as it is, indicates
that the Serbians are giving again a
good account of themselves. They are
said to have attacked the Bulgarians
opposed to them and to have won a
minor victory. The fact that Bulgaria
denies the decisive nature of the con
test only leaves the question open.
From what we know of the perform
ances of the Serbians in the past, we
are quite prepared to believe that
wherever they are placed they are giv
ing a good account of themselves.
This, then, makes the fourth war in
which Serbia has been engaged in as
many years. In the first two "it was
successful. Then came the sweeping
disaster in which the army was driven
completely from native soil. It seemed
at this distance as if the Serbs had
been exterminated, in a military sense.
That was the outcome of what may be
termed the "third war." For months
little was heard of the Serbians, who
were reported as "recuperating" on
the Island of Corfu, in the Mediter
ranean and being restocked with mu
nitions by their allies.
The fourth war begins auspiciously.
As to the report that there are 150,-
000 Serbians, fully equipped and mu
nitioned, now in the battle line, judg
ment would, perhaps, be best reserved
ntil the complete history of the war
shall have been written: but one thing
is certain: that is that, man for man.
they are going to prove the equal of
any army in Central Europe. It is in
the nature of things and the result of
the process of selection. Not only has
every Serbian who had any tendency
whatever to show the white feather
been eliminated long ago, through op
portunities for escape or capture, but
so have all the physical weaklings.
Only a man fit to endure all hardships
and overcome every obstacle would be
alive after the ordeal through which
the Serbian army passed in its retreat.
its battle with plague and its long sea
son on scant rations. Obviously, what
ever the strength of the army may be in
numbers, it is carrying no waste hu
man material.
It would appear, from the meager
accounts that have passed the censors,
that the Serbians hav been consti
tuted an advance guard of the French
and British troops in Macedonia. This
would be logical, since their familiar
ity with the terrain and their acquaint
ance with the methods of the Bulgars
would fit them peculiarly for the work.
It may also be supposed reasonably
that it required no urging to induce
them to take the front of the line.
The fires of revenge, no less than of
patriotism, must be burning Intensely,
making the opportunity to deliver a
blow at their enemy a most welcome
one.
MUDDY LAW.
The intent of this year's variety of
single tax amendment is menacing
enough without being coupled with
obscure and unworkable provisions.
Yet the text in some particulars is in
comprehensible and in others piles
dangers on dangers. Dealing with de
linquent taxes, it has this provision
The State Land Board shall bid the
amount ot delinquent tax and land rent
taxes, with penalties and costs, but no more.
on any land offered for sale at delinquent
tax sales. The title to all land that may
be sold the state for said delinquent taxes
shall vest absolutely in the state at the ex
piration of two years from the date of sale,
if the land is not sooner redeemed. The
title and ownership of Improvements on
In and under any land sold for taxes shall
not be acquired by the state or any other
purchaser on such sale, unless the improve
ments are also sold for a tax levied on
the Improvements.
Existing laws for collection of de
linquent taxes are left in force.
'and such laws may be changed by
amendments and rules made hereafter
in accordance with this section."
The "rules" referred to are doubt
less those the State Land Board is
empowered by "the measure to adopt
in order to apply and enforce the
provisions of this section." But
whether the Board may adopt rules
which repeal or amend provisions of
existing tax collection laws not already
repealed or amended by the measure
itself is a matter of doubt. The only
'amendments and rules" that may be
made in accordance with this section'
seem to be the rules and amendments
made by the State Land Board, and
such rules cannot be changed by the
Legislature, but only by vote of the
people at a regular election.
There is strong presumption that
existing tax collection laws not
changed by the amendment itself are
thus to be given constitutional ef
fect, for they are continued in force
by a measure which is offered as
a part of the constitution. The Legis
lature could not change them, and it
is doubtful if the Board could in the
surviving particulars.
Thus land taxes will be greatly in
creased and will become immediately
delinquent under the terms of the
amendment. when due and un
paid. But under existing laws
a certificate of delinquency cannot be
foreclosed until the lapse of three
years. Anyone who bid in land at
such a delinquency sale would, under
the terms of existing law, be com
pelled to pay accrued taxes. If the
owner had paid no taxes during the
three years the bidder would have to
offer three years' market rental, plus
a high rate of interest, on the land
before he could acquire it.
If the state bought it, the state
would not get title for two years
longer. The owner of property who
could not pay the high taxes would be
privileged to remain in possession and
enjoyment of the land for five years
without paying taxes at all.
How government would manage to
survive under this amendment, which.
as heretofore pointed out, exempts th
vast timber interests and all railway
property except bare land and bare
right of way, if much other land be
comes delinquent. Is a problem in
minus calculations.
la. addition, to this QompUcation the
matter how they mismanaged, there
would be no danger that any great
power would seize the islands and
thereby imperil American Interests.
But in the absence of such an organi
zation, there is such danger. The quea-
How to Keep Well.
Br Dr. W. A. Evans.
Questions pertinent to hygiene, sanitation
CREDIT BELONGS TO MR. ELLIOTT
Writer Declares Ysnac Eaglaeer Con
ceived Mitchell Foist Teasel.
SALEM. Or.. Aug:. 7. (To the Edi
tor.) I have seen in the World's Work
tion becomes a practical one of our and prevention of disease, it matters ot sen- an article giving Samuel C. Lancaster
National safety rather than a theo- Sk.1"..,, Ipse. Vu'no.rmiV'o'r VS. "LX" 'Abw.' Vte
retical one of the islanders abstract subject is not suitable, tetter win be per- EiL-IL w. , ? .
rights. The United States can Justify ""r answered, subject to proper limits- 'men' woria Henry uowioy claims
Vii !LiT ;t .v?fCr tlon " whsre "tamp-d addressed envelop all tha credit. An article in the Ore
its action With the thought that, if 1. inclosed. Dr. Brans win not make diagnosis gonlen states that Henry L. Bowlby
we ao not tajce me lsianas, some otner i or prescribe tor individual diseases, rs- i conoaived tha idea and supervised the
nation will, and will give the lnhab- Siii"1 ""wf Arrant construction. An article by Samuel C.
published by arrangement wits the Chicago I lam racing v nnnuan jo-
Tribuns.) I vocste states that J. A. Elliott should
have the credit, which statement is
itants far less freedom than we should
give, as has been proved by our treat
ment of other islands in contrast with
other nations treatment of their
colonies.
The same principle applies to Na
tional armament. Did such a league
of nations exist as would give the
United States assurance against at
tack, we should have no justification
for arming, and to arm would be
wasteful folly. But we cannot shut
our eyes to the facts that no such
league exists, that nations do attack
each other and that the unprepared
nation is often stamped out of exist
ence. We all hate war, but It would
be folly to ignore the obvious lesson
that, if we do not arm against it, a
worse evil than war may befall us
National subjugation. Our salvation
demands that, while striving to realize
the ideal of universal peace, we shall
govern our present action by the ex
isting, though abhorrent, facts.
IT ii
poi
Is
Testa for Feebfe-Mlnded.
1 T is important to know as early as
possible whether a child Is normal,
backward. Is moron, is feeble
minded or Is an Imbecile or Idiot. Qen
erally speaking a child is said to b
feeble-minded
nlil i - 1--- I .
.knfl,. ", ..-. - k Mr. "Bowlby was no more connected
children of the same age. Or If. when wlth th. Mltch.u Polnt 8PCtion of the
over years om, it is tnree years oe- highway than he Was with the Mult
correct.
A grave injustice Is being done Mr.
Elliott in placing- the credit where it
does not belong. Hs is one of the best
civil engineers In tha state and a most
estimable young man, possessing the
qualifications which enabled him to
ded if. when It is years P'" " execute so marvelous a piece
It is two years behind other ofxr"MltcnelLPolnt tunl
. . . . I Mr. "Bowlby was no more connected
hind.
Using this method of measuring;, the
lowest grade idiot must be 8 or 4 years
old before It can be determined to be
subnormal; a middle-grade Imbecile
must be 7 or and the highest grade
moron must be IS or 1 before he can
be safely pronounced a mental defeo-tlve.
Then there is the additional dlffl-
nomah portion, which Mr. Lancaster
built. At the tlms Mr. Elliott moved
his highway camp from Wyeth to
Mitchell Point I called on htm and he
took me out and showed me Mitchell
Point. We also climbed "Bis: Mitchell
at which time he said. "I want to run
the highway around the base of the
cliff, making a viaduct over the shell
rock slide and tunneling that rock
lor about 400 feet.'
To me it looked
like an lmnosslhla linHr1alrln..i,4 T
eulty which, arises from three groupa I remarked tha same to him. -What h.
v.rst. oacxwaro. slow-learning children; Mr. Bowlby think of this?" I asked.
r t a t-.i i-in i lecooo. cnuaren wno aeveion, at a nor- i 110 1 1 not. at. so a ao not Know.
1 il - a mil rate ut to a certain and then I was the reply.
uu wiiiuu tiuuKreaa lias juni sereea - 1 - . . , . . .
....... . I .n. t.i4 viu-- v j i -i I m speaaing to the people In Hood
xaiis enorx or adequate preparedness """" River Valley I found not one who
was shown by Representative Gardner I l UI to certain age and then stop. thought the tunnel could be placed
in the House. Though the Treat board I meet an. tnese ueiects uou aa-1 there. One man said. "I have the
of Army experts reported that the I vises that a conclusion as to potential I greatest confidence In Elliott, both ss
United States should expend a total
of $441,000,000 on field artillery and
ammunition in order to have enough
on hand for war with a first-class
power, the bill appropriates only $38,
feeble-mindedness of a child be based I a man and an engineer, but I am In
unnn flva aeta nf Inmail rattAm- I OOUDt Ot that tunnel."
T, i , i , , i vi ... j- ivuru inp a mquirea .air.
t- .v. I- .... . ,, I " """-"-
Ithe proposed tunnel and be said. "He,
with others, thinks it can not be done,
Half a Cesttary A so,
rfnra The Orcconian of Ausust ,
There will be a trial of a reanen
with a hew self-raker, at the oat field
r Mr. Lloyd Brooke, west of the Port
land Academy, today at 10 o'clock. aS
which time the publio is invited to at
tend and see for themselves how th
machine works.
Victoria. Aug. 1. It was proposed
yesterday to send a congratulatory
message over the new Atlantic cable to
London and the money was contributed
to pay the tolls. Following is the mes
sage: "To the Lord Mayor of London
The infant colony of Vancouver. 800O
telegraphic miles distant, sends oordial
greetings to Mother England."
Olympia. Wash.. Aug. 5. The town-
authorities enforced the Sunday law
on one of the saloons this week. To
evade the law, the saloonkeepers 1
lowed the customers to enter at tha
back door. Complaint Was made by-
he bartender of the other saloon and
the defendants were broucht before
the justice and mulcted some $50 fine
and costs.
The Indians on the plains can't asree
even with each other. Some of the
tribes are at war. One hundred war
riora of the Utes lately crossed tha
North Platte on an expedition after tha
Sioux. Pity that they couldn't extermi
nate each other all around.
Olympia. Wash.. Aur 6 Last RsIiim
day afternoon the alarm of fire was
heard. It proved to be the residence
of Judge Ross. A general rush was
made for the place of the disaster and
a line was formed from the house to
the beach, buckets of water being;
passed from hand to hand, and in a
short time the lire was stopped. No)
serious damage was done.
000,000 for that purpose. At that rate, by Qoddard. but other, tests are made! but I think I can convince htm it la
between eleven and twelve years
would pass before we had the required
amount. At present the United States
has 698 field guns and 545,300 rounds
of ammunition, while the British army
expended 1,000,000 rounds in one
day's bombardment on the Somme.
use of also. all right.'
Bor.onri Th'. n.vnkA..ii -..I Elliott fought his way against bitter
aminatlon. The basis of this test is the 2?J,"!"f1? X"? 1 J0" '
. . , I nls plans. The work was be pun on
child s record In school. 1 Mitchell Point .bout .rv 1
Thlrdi Family history. If the psycho-1 the same time Mr. Bowlby left the
logical examination causes the exam-1 office of Highway Engineer. It Is en
lner to suspect that the child Is feeble- """eiy owing to J. A. Elliott that this
The War Department a year ago had Llaied the famllJr hl8tory may be of wonderful piece of work has been
abundant knowledge from the war of
the necessity of artillery, ammunition
and machine guns, but the appropria
tion bill of that year only provided
one-seventh of the amount carried by
this year's bill
great service in clearing up the case.
Fourth Personal history. "Poten
tially feeble-minded children will ordl-
narlly have a history of late walking
and talking. Dentition may be de
layed, infantile characteristics are
dded to the Columbia River Highway
and it is only just that he should be
given the credit for it. In speaking to
air. .Elliott about the matter he said
with his quiet smile. "O. well, if It had
caved in with the Winter snow or
something else had cone wrons-. there
would have been no doubt as to who
H. J, REITZ.
Mile. Dydinska, a Frenchwoman, de- Blow to disappear." The child Is late In built it.
Clares France can save twentv billions learning to talk or talks indistinctly
in five years to apply on the war debt I or ha" some defect In Its speech. The EARLY IDENTITY OFTEV OMITTED,
by economizing on food, and she- Is I school record shows retardation and I
right. Those people can feed the I abnormality of behavior. The child may I Memloa in Publications of Oaly Married
world the rest of the week on what
the world wastes in three days. The
work of a French cook not a chef
is gastronomic art. It is said that
following the Franco-Prussian War,
the cooks over there became so ex
pert that in filling an order for "ham
and" one egg was cleft so deftly as
to appear as two in the frylngpan.
be slow In learning to dress and care
for himself and his personal habits and
manners may be bad.
Fifth Subjective characteristics. Ab
REUNION OF QUAKER BECTS.
As a part of the general movement
among religious bodies to renew for
merly existing ties, recent overtures
on the part of the Liberal Friends, oth
erwise known as the "Hicksite Quak
ers, are somewhat significant. As a
religious body, both in the United
States and in Great Britain, the Quak
ers long have wielded influence quite
out of proportion to their numerical
strength. Almost from the beginning
they have manifested strong feelings
of disregard for statistical superiority.
Proselyting has been permitted to take
its own course, while the members
devoted their talents and energies to
their own spiritual upbuilding. For
many years their policy of enforcing
tha "discipline" rigidly kept the mem
bership almost stationary.
Yet this insistence on spiritual qual
ity, rather than quantity, has borne
fruit, as is witnessed by the large re
sults accomplished in something less
than 300 years of existence of the de
nomination. It was about 1647 that
the Friends began to organize. The
movement was the outgrowth of long
ing for a higher and more spiritual
life than was common in that time.
Opposition to slavery was one of their
early tenets, and Ellas Hicks, whose
followers are now mentioned as among
the leaders of the movement for re
union, is credited with having done
more than any other man to bring
about the passage of the law in New
York in 1827 for the formal emancipa
tion of slaves.
The Friends, or Quakers, were a
powerful force in the anti-slavery
movement from its beginning. Advo
cacy of peace and refusal to obey "in
lquitous" laws marked them at various
times for persecution, while the obli
gation to military service in most
European countries prevented them
from getting a foothold, as a religious
denomination, on the continent of
Europe.
The Quakers have accomplished
wonders in education and philan
thropy. They have given much at
tention to the care of prisoners and
to Improvement of the condition of
the insane, which in the still remem
bered past was deplorable. Their
schools are numerous and include not
a few excellent institutions of higher
learning. One example is Newberg
College, in Oregon, which was founded
as a result of their efforts, though now
classed as an undenominational insti
tution.- The famous Bryn Mawr was
similarly brought Into being, while
Swarthmore owes its existence, and no
small measure of Its efficiency, to the
early work of the "Hicksites." There
are many others.
The Quakers cava been divided
nearly a century. The desire for a
union of effort is said to be quite
strong and to have struck a responsive
chord. It is among the extreme prob
abilities of the next few years.
Had the previous duties on wool
been continued by the Underwood law,
the revenue would have been increased
nearly $122,000,000 between Decem
ber 1. 1914, and June 30, 1946, and the
price would have been no higher, as
it would still have been controlled by
the world market. Here is more evi
dence that the new internal taxes were
made necessary not by decreased im
porta they have reached record to
tals
and Navy increases, but by the failure
of the Underwood tariff as a revenue-
producer.
Karnes of Pioneer Women Pnsalin
PORTLAND. Aug. 8. (To the Edi
tor.) From your announcement of
wedding In Newberg in The Oregonian
11,1.. . i ... v, I i I """f l a iiii.jv j ii.in extract: Airs.
a , ,Z , , , , ' 1 . 7, I Wiley-Edwards was the first white girl
dull voice, lack lustre eyes, defective baby Dorn ln Oregon." But what all the
speech, tendency to early fatigue, ab- old-timers would like to know and
sence of curiosity, lack -of originality I what we could not learn from this wed
and novertv of Ideas. - I ding announcement Is this: Who was
Doll warns that no one of these I,r" f,rl oabyr v hat was the
name ane dot oeiore 6ne acquirea
i..inn .. ho ho. -a . k I -"." . . -" ---- "
rc..v. v. rimoniai route 7
facts disclosed by the other examina-l This lesds me further to mention the
tlons. Many a slow-talking boy de-1 a bad practice has obtained of men
velops normally. Many an overslsed I tlonlng the name of some Oregon worn
or undersized boy Is normal mentally. an wno crossed the plains as a girl
The rate of progress ln school Is not
necessarily a measure of the intellec
tual capacity of a child.
Rarely can a diagnosis of feebli
ever so long ago. married someone,
giving his name and many other par
ticulars. raised so many children, giv.
ing their names with numerous othe
particulars, but not a word as to th
nor by the expenses of Army I mlndedness be made on a bad heredity I identity of the woman before her mar-
As a continuous) battle the struggle
for Verdun threatens to continue as
long as the war. The French have
started to win back the ground they
have lost and at their present rate of
progress they will be as long ln re
gaining as they were in losing it. The
hills of the Meuse are one vast ceme
tery.
PRACTICAL. IVKHGS POIICT.
Discussing the ethics of American
acquisition of the Danish West Indies,
the New Republic, while approving it.
frankly calls it "a project of Imperial
ist expansion" and presents an alter
native by saying:
Americana who are opposed to Imperial
expansion should fight It, not by lighting
projects of expansion, which can be Justified
as a matter of legitimate National Interest
but by aiming to substitute lor it an inter
national organization which would seek: se
curity for ail peoples rather than for those
only who are powerful.
Did such an international organiza
tion exist, the people of the Danish
West Indies might be left to manage
or mismanaga their own Lffairs Nq
alone. The ' most dependable of re
sults are those from the Blnet-Slmon
test. But when conclusions are based
solely on this test mistakes are liable
to result- The safest conclusions are
those based on the fivefold examina
tion.
Wool Irritates Baby's Skin.
L. F. S. writes: "Mothers! Never nut
wool flannels next to your baby's skin, f7"- befor8 "h" waa tto wUe of "any
Put some fine, flimsy cotton or linen
riage. not even her maiden name, nor
as to who her family or people were.
My recollection Is that girls who aft
erwards became the honored wives and
mothers in this state were of just
good birth and lineage as were th
men whom they afterwards married.
protest against the custom of obllterat
Ing the memory of those so worthy of
remembrance.
Allow roe. In this Instance, to show
that the lady of Newberg was "some
fabric next to his skin and then wool
en flannel over that. In this way you
protect baby from the irritating wool
and the prickly fibers of burrs that
possibly were spun into the yarns from
which the flannels were made. Your
All the eggs of Germany are not in
the war basket. Technical research
goes on. Just now the discovery has
been announced of a way of making
naner of cotton stalks. That" is of
benefit to the world 6utsido of Oer- baby will be less restless; keep as well
many, and particularly the United I and free from colds as when pun-
States. I ished with the irritating wool.
REPLY.
So far ss ths hot weather is concerned
your advice to use a woolen garment !
bad, even though a cotton garment Is worn
beneath It.
In Other Days.
Twenty-live Years Ago.
From The Oregonian of Aucust . IS-Sil.
Chicago. Aug. 8. This was the hot-
test day of the year. The Signal Serv
ice thermometer registering; S3 degrees
at noon. There were several prostra-
tlons from the effects of the heat.
George Francis Train look dinner si
New York Friday with the captain ot
the steamer Mystic. They discussed
Train's proposed tour of the world snd
screed that the best time to sail was
me month of December.
The work of laying the floor of tha
new Armory drill hall la well under
way and by the first of next month on
of the finest drill halls In the country;
win da compietea.
The Medford distillerv r-eoDle talk
of working up next year"s crop of small
peaches Into peach brandy. This will
make a market for culls, which are
usually a dead loss.
The entire track of the state portage
railroad at the Cascades Is laid from
end to end. except the trestle work at
the western incline, which is being;
pushed rapidly forward by the bridge-
ouuaing crew. Laborers are busily em
ployed ballasting the track and tha
whole presents the appearance of be-
Ing a good, substantial road.
body.
In the year 1854 I was ln school
Forest Grove. There was a young girl
there, and 1 heard it said that she wa
'the first white girl born In Oregon.
By the way. Cyrus II. Walker was
also there and, as everybody knows, h
was the "first white boy born ln Ore
gon.
This girl was a very pleasant youn
lady and a favorite among her friends.
Her name was Jane Baldra. Her par
ents were from Canada and arrived
here ln time to present Oregon with
its first-born "white baby girl." The
The Baldras lived on a farm about
three miles north of Hillsboro.
When I saw the mention of Mrs. Ed-
Sew.,;. Pnrtflctlon. bared 'the schoolgirl of Forest Grove,
V. R. writes: "I am Interested In the I i began to think there must have been
rr,i, e-e nnn ,, i Question or sewsge purification. Jaat I two nrst-norn wnite osDy gins, r l-
infantile paralysis will spur research. Fall you spoke of an experimental nally 1 got the threads of my ."iemrj;
but the probability Is someone w1UUeod th.t had
The Astoria naval base has been
dropped by the conference. That is
a charge against the Democratic ma
jority. Astoria and the whole country
must look to the Republican party for
preparedness and all that goes with it.
the same "first white baby girl."
ED C. ROSS.
stumble on the solution and be more during low temperatures ln Winter, and
satisfied with the glory than the that further experiments as to purlfl-
money. I cation in Winter would be made.
Do you know if experiments were THESE WILL. PIT HIM IX HOLE
What has become of all the people 1 made during the past Vv inter and
who enlisted in trie Army of Good In- I whether the method you spoke of has I Important Orgsnlsstlon Pnts Posers I'p
tent at the outbreak of the "war" in I since proven successful?" I to Mr. Hngb.es.
Mexico? Paving Hades must be hot I REPLY. 1 New York Sun.
work in warm weather. I xrr Rattoa In charge of tha Mllwaukss I The Amalgamated League of Chinese
eawas-a disnosal works reports that the I Laundry Signpalnters and Business
A Coos Bay man. caught by the I activated sludge method worked during the I Men's Lunch Menu Composers decided
leg in the crotch of a tree, showed
wonderful nerve ln freeing himself by
chopping the limb. It was the limb of
the tree, however.
cold weather of last Winter. The recant re
ports on this method are favorable.
Keep Beaches Clean.
Visiting guest writes: "Is it neces
sary to keep the beaches clean? Filth
causes files to multiply. Children
By all means, light-colored stone
must go in the Postofflce buildlnsr.
There is enough dinge in that quarter, swarm the beaches ln hot weather.'
REPLY.
The country's loss in yields of wheat I It is desirable under any circumstances. In
at a meeting ln Central Park yester
day to ask Charlea E. Hughes ten ques
tions so that the members may more
easily compare him with President Wil
son:
1. Do you think it Is the humidity
rather than the heat?
2. Was John L. Bulllvan ever cham
pion of the world?
S. Do you believe that spinach should
be served without hard boiled egg?
4. Is a child born at sea under the
and corn will be made up in something th presence of sn epldemlo ot infantile pstagonian .flag eligible?
Just as good potatoes, for example. I ""'-"
Arguing for the child-labor law.
Senator Lane holds humanity above
the Constitution.
The gratifying news is printed that
an auto thief is in jail, but can be be
kept there?
Improved Buttermilk.
Mrs. D. N. L. writes: "T notice Dr.
Metchnlkoff has passed away. He was
a great believer ln the use of sour milk. ,trs.tery of the Thirty Years War?
6. For what?
6. How far is It from Schenectady
to Troy?
7. Who Is Lieutenant-Governor of
New York?
S. Will you state your views on the
A woman is running for Congress ln I '
tvansaa, ana you cannot always ngure
on Kansas.
I would like to ask you whether you
consider milk soured by culture of
selected lactic bacilli better than home
made buttermilk for auto Intoxication?
If so. where csn the cultures be ob.
Who says woman has no head for
business? Look at the buyers here
this week.
a. What is your favorite author?
6onsr? Flower?
That was all the meeting could think
of to ask. but a committee of three was
appointed, to find a tenth question. It
being the sense of the meeting that no
little arroup was right in asaing iir,
Artificially soured buttermilk Is better I Hughes less than ten questions. A mo-
thao the old-fashioned kind. Your drug-1 tion to pool questions with the Group
gist can get a lcuo mdd culture for you. I ot Authors was overwhelmingly de-
" P""" " " fMLt.lL
EARLY NEWSPAPERS ARE irOTKI.
Mr. Ford Fortifies Position on Rick
rrsll With Record of IMS.
DALLAS, Or.. Aug. 8. (To the Edi
tor.) One word more In regard to
RIckreall. and then I am done. A re
cent correspondent to The Oregonian,
for whose opinion I have the greatest
respect, sets up the claim In behalf of
certain pioneers that "RIckreall" was a
corrptlon of La Creole by the "South
erners" who located on the Rickreall in
the early pioneer days.
In a former communication to The
Oregonian I made the statement that
my father, Mark A. Ford, a college
graduate and French scholar, a pioneer
or 1644. had Investigated the aborigi
nal name of the stream by going to)
the original source of information the
Indians themselves, and I cited a cer
tain Instance In detail. I wish to add
that he also had long talks with Qua
tala (pronounced Quat-a-lay ). the aged
chief of the Rlchrealla, whoso memory
ran back before ths coming of the
white man. and whose testimony cor
roborated the statements given in my
previous article.
It Is a fact easily within my memory
that certain well-meaning and edu
cated people round about Dallas early
become Infatuated with the name La
Creole, a name probably of French
Canadian origin. I do not wish to be
understood as controverting this as
sumption, but I do "deny that "RIck
reall" was a corruption of La Creole.
The one name unquestionably had aa
legitimate an origin as the other, tha
first was sn Indian derivation and the
second probably aa given above. The
dictionaries give the definition of both
la and "Creole, and the two com
bined .make quite a euphonious but
meaningless word or name. Webster's
Unabridged dictionary gives the first
definition of "la" aa "the feminine form.
of the French definite article." A free
translation of La Creole would prob
ably be "French Lady." hardly a suit
able name' for a sparkling mountain
stream. Be that aa It may, ho'wever.
correct definition of La Creole la
very difficult to arrive at Will soma
French scholar kindly tell lis what it
Is? I do not know why ths pioneer
champions of La Creole should have
twitted the "Southerners" who located
on the RIckreall with corrupting the
French-Canadian name, and I esteem
It a privilege to stand tip for the intel
lectual perspicacity of one young South
ern pioneer who has long passed out
of reach of our little controversies.
I wish to supplement this contribu
tion with the following data supplied
by George H. Himes. to wit:
"In The Oregonian of September fi.
1851, the editor, Thomas J. Dryer,
speaks jot 'the country between the
KlrreaJl and Yamhill rivers, etc.'"
Also, "in the Spectator of Aprtl SO.
1S46, the word the stream Is known by
is spelled 'RIckreall.' in sn advertise
ment prepared by John E. Lye LI. the
first teacher in Polk County."
Although Mr. Lyell ln later days was
won over to the name La Creole, yet it
Is quite evident that In 1846 he ac
cepted the name "RIckreall" as authen
tic The writer remembers Mr. Lyell
as one of Polk County's most worthy
pioneer citizens, and may his memory
long remain green. J. T. FORD.
REPLY.
Don't let anybody get your goat.
Take It to the Round-up and have It
roped.
Difference la Wooing.
Houston (Texas) Post.
"I think the one you refused Is much
It is Roosevelt's misfortune that he
cannot visit the Coast this Fall.
The latest from the Deutschland is
that the water is fine.
Inviting to Local Capital.
MILWAUKEE. Or.. Aug. 8. (To the
Editor.) When I saw a couple of years
the Oregon State Fair, I expected to the more attractive of the two." "I
find that machine sometime on the admit that, but when he proposed he
market, but have never heard or seen went into ecstasies over tow happy I
any mors of it. It caused at that time could make him. but the one I accepted
. j ,- - r-, snoke earnestly of how happy he would
Dressed the wisn to possess such a "
labor-saving device. I believe that
many a ton or hay couia have been
saved this season if such a machine
had been at hand.
The principal Idea of that device
seemed to me a good one and I won
der why that Inventor did not push
Wilson will have the last whack at I things ahead as. ln my opinion, such a
These showers are needed for the
country dirt roads.
us ln October.
People attend to hear Hughes, not
to see him.
new device would have had an unlim
ited demand over the whole country
that the largest factory would hardly
be able to supply. I think any cap
italist would gladly Invest in an enter-
I a? . V. lrinrt Yn,-t1i i Am m tir
Old Relative Humidity has. a sticky f.-torlea and. ss all the farm machinery
job. comes from the East, it would be a
. I great uplift for ths city to have such
xne ast, 04 iao jLAura vreauns are I a manufacturing pia.ui.
r 1 FARMER. AM
off.
FARMER AND OBSERVER,
I90O Net Leap Tear.
PORTLAND. Aug. 8. (To the Edi
tor.) Will you kindly tell me whether
1900 was a lesp year or not?
V. X.
It was not. A century year must
be divisible by 400 to be a leap year
Politeness In Soup.
Judge.
"Sorry, old man, to hear that you
spilled some soup on Miss Andrew's
gown at ths dinner last night." "So
was I dreadfully put out about it. You
know it Isn't polite to- ask for soup
twlcv
Magazines for Seamen.
MILWAUKIE. Or.. Aug. 8. (To the
Editor.) Will the people- of Portland
please donate their latest reading ma
terial to the boys in Mexican waters ?
I feel sure the skipper of the South
Dakota will be only too glad to take
them to the boys when he sails south
with tha citizens from hare this month.
Many of the boys have no one to send
them books and magazines, while oth
ers have wives who would be only too
glad to, but can't afford to. It gets
pretty monotonous playing pinochle
and fishing month sfter month.
If anyone would like to send maga
zines each month to the boys, they
can do so by addressing them to "The
Seaman's Rest." San Diego. CaO. The
latter will gladly send them south on
the first boat leaving.
MRS. CHA8. BRATTV.
An Enlisted Man's Wife.
More and More Tenth.
Washington (D. C.) Ftar."
The fashions for women are arettinsr
more youthful every year." commented
ons man. "Does that meet with your
disapproval?" "Not a bit. If it goes
on this way a few seasons more my
wife will be willing to give up her
automobile and ride ln a baby
prints,"