9
THE MORTN'G OREGOXTAN, TXTESDAT. JT7IT 23, 1916.
POKTLASD, OKECOX.
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FOR.TI.ANT, TUESDAY, JII.Y 25, 1916.
WCM. JOUf YOC, MB. HXLL.
One engaging quality of Louis W.
ITill is his outspokenness. He does not
palaver when discussing a community
and Its prospects. He does not (latter.
The results of his observations are
candidly expressed, even though they
may contain unpleasant truths. But
bs to his own Intentions and those of
his railroads he Is as close-mouthed as
was his illustrious father."
"We have great admiration for Louis
W. Hill. He Is young, energetic, force
ful, observant and far-seeing. He Is
not alone an expert in railroad science,
hut through study and by natural apti
tude Is an adept at exploitation. As re
gards material community growth and
progress he stands In the same light as
does the efficiency expert to the large
business enterprise. Therefore the
things he has said about Oregon's de
ficiencies are not to be lightly brushed
aside.
Mr. Hill says in. effect that the peo
ple of Oregon are too easy-going. In
general, life In Oregon has not in
volved great hardships. A living, often
a competence, has come without great
effort on the part of the individual.
We have become accustomed to having
Fortune dump her largess in our laps.
We have not learned to he aggressive,
and therefore at a time when ag
gressiveness Is necessary In order to
keep pace with other communities, we
lag 'behind.
There can be no denial that nature
has not been bountiful to Oregon and
that "things have been coming our
way." During the period when pros
perity visited us we overspeculated In
land, overbuilt in the cities, while we
neglected agriculture and devoted an
excess of spare time to consideration
of governmental problems. In all
these things we exhibited "abundant
energy but in none of them more than
In study of government. Oregon was
once exploited by corporations and
politicians. It required grave injury
to arouse us from inertia. But when
once aroused we went the limit.
Not only has Oregon corrected some
of J:he abuses mentioned; It has gone
to the other extreme. The never-ending
propaganda of dreamers and ex
perimenters whose efforts run to dis
couragement of legitimate private en
terprise is still viewed with tolerance.
Not that the public does not or would
not welcome capital with open arms,
hut once capital is established we give
It only a measure of proper protection
we do not severely frown upon the
constant efforts of law-tinkerers to
sandbag It.
For example, the puhllc would
doubtless warmly commend any large
extension of the street railway system
Into unserved districts or the building
of cross-town lines. But after the
street railway company had expended
large sums In paving and construction
and In building up traffic the public
would tolerate the entry ot cut-throat
and irresponsible Jitney competition.
Nor would there be a general demand
upon the City Commission for regula
tion of the Jitneys, nor would the City
Commission regulate them. But let
the Commission fail to tie up the street
railway with a franchise that protected
the public interests to the last Item of
a legitimate share of the company's
profits and the city would arise en
masse.
The anti-corporation and the antl
polltlclan campaign which gave us di
rect legislation and the laws that go
with it is still something more than
an echo. Corporation baiting was
a ready vehicle for the outs to ride
Into office on, and it has not been
forgotten by anyone who has a polit
ical or other kind of ax to grind.
It is Injected into development of
our natural resources. The Eastern
conception of conservation which Is
nothing but reservation has its vo
taries in Oregon. The slightest lift of
the edge of the reservation blanket is
here protested by some strident voices
because, although the puhllc would
profit, capital might also profit. Bet
ter, they think, let a thousand men go
naked than to clothe them, lest one
fret two suits while each of the other
8 99 gets but one.
Development is discouraged on the
one hand by abuse of a system which
the people are too Indolent to correct
and by a lock-and-bar system imposed
upon the state by a bureaucracy which
the people have not the energy nor the
nerve effectually to combat.
It will be observed that The Orego
ytian has been as candid perhaps as
Mr. Hill. We have admitted a lot of
unpleasant things. And we trust that
it is with proper exhibition of humility
concerning our own shortcomings that
we now approach what seem to us to
he the shortcomings of Mr. Hill and
his railroad associates.
The Great Northern and the North
em Pacific Interests a few years ago
combined in a needless contest for su
premacy with the Harriman system in
Central Oregon. Millions of dollars
were sunk In pure spirit of rivalry in
the two Deschutes railroads. Money
that Bhould have been expended in
providing feeders for one trunk line
was devoted to duplication of trunk
lines wnich reach but the edge of a
great and potentially rich area un
served by transportation. It is be
cause of superabundant energy once
exerted by the railroads that the Stra
horn project in Central Oregon is, un
3er the co-operation of the president
of one of Portland's largest banks, in
Its inception. It is due to a railroad
war not of Oregon's making that the
state has pot yet done more for East
ern Oregon.
Still the harm has been done, and
there Is now no use to -cry over It. But
there is the- North Bank Railroad.
owned Jointly by. the Northern Pacific
and Great Northern, which since the
days of its completion, has avoided its
natural field of local traffic exploita
tion and engaged only in combat with
its southern, rival. Not a branch, not a
feeder, which would compete in any
sense with the business of the two
railroads that own the North Bank
has been constructed, and this neglect
has existed in spite of the fact that
rich territory naturally tributary to
Portland is within easy building dis
tance. The North Bank road is a money-
loser. It will probably never be any
thing else until it becomes something
more than a mere occupant of a nat
ural route a railroad built and main
tained solely to keep others out. Not
even can it hope to get Its proper
share of the passenger business, we
fear, until it discharges and receives
its passengers in a Portland depot that
resembles something better than a liv
ery stable.
The point we most desire to make
is that it takes something more than
one-sided energy to build up a com
munity. The Oregonian would he glad
to exert its best endeavor to awaken
a real aggressiveness in Oregon In be
half of a greater development. But
we should like to have Mr. Hill Join
the movement in the intensely prac
tical way that Is open to him and his
great railroads.
FKTJETNTJ OB FOE?
The New York World does not find
itself in accord with the plan to hold
a Joint commission diplomatic suc
cessor of the late lamented A-B-C con
ference to determine what shsfll be
done by the United States about Mex
ico. Is Carranza friend or foe? asks
the World., continuing:
"We can think of no better way to reach
the truth of this matter than to deal sternly
and directly with the First Chief himself.
Does he still adhere to the orders which
resulted In the slaughter of the Tenth
Cavalry squadron at Carrizal? If o, he
is a foe and not a friend, and a Joint
commission will commit us to a ghastly
negotiation with a government which has
made war upon us once and may do so
again, no matter what the findings may be.
. . . Nobedy but General Carranza la
standing In the -way of honorable peace
in Mexico. There can be no honorable
peace in Mexico that Involves forgetful
nesa of calculated wrong and boastful
hostility.
We have been three years, and more.
trying to find out what to do about
Mexico, and now we think of leaving
it to others to tell us.
Meanwhile we are to forget Carrizal
and the honorable dead there. How
long before there is another Carrizal?
MR. DALY IOVT:S THE METER.
Commissioner Daly's arbitrary rul
ings in regard to water rates for sprin
kling are closely related to his deter
mination to install meters In defiance
of the expressed will of the voters.
Consumers through meters may) sprin
kle whenever they please, but flat
rate consumers are limited to alternate
days. This rule Is equivalent to dou
bling the rate for the latter, as they
are required to pay the same rate for
half the former amount of water.
By his new act of favoritism to
meter users, Mr. Daly practically ad
mits the Invalidity of his original pre
text for the alternate-day rule. This
was that the pressure or reservoir ca
pacity was Insufficient to supply all
consumers simultaneously In the dry
season and that It was necessary to
cut in two the daily consumption for
sprinkling.
The only explanation of Mr. Daly's
policy is the fiction that the Bull Run
supply is inadequate to give every con.
surner all the water he would like to
have, and that meters are necessary
to restrict consumption. That theory
was exploded during the campaign for
and against purchase of EOOO meters
but, like the Bourbons, Mr. Daly learns
nothing and forgets nothing. He Is a
standpatter.
ALL THERE.
If Mr.
Hughes were a Progressive, or
were a near-Progressive, he wouldn't have
been given the nomination. . . . Ralph
Williams would not be for him. Charley Ful
ton would not be ror him. The oregonian
would not be for him. Penrose would not be
for him, etc.
This Is a species of inverted logic
which appeals to the shallow and
twisted mind, of the Evening Journal.
Its supreme silliness is equaled only
by its offensive insincerity.
On a front seat, at the head of the
New York delegation at St. Louis, sat
the odious and unsavory Charles F.
Murphy, boss of Tammany, with a
Woodrow Wilson badge on his breast
as big as a meatplatter. On the plat
form, at the same convention, during
the ovation following the Wilson nomi
nation, stood for thirty minotes the
notorious Tom Taggart, waving a big
Wilson banner, as the accepted major
domo of the entire demonstration.
Somewhere in the heart of that big
Democratic body reposed Roger Sulli
van, gas magnate and head push of
the Illinois machine, ready to deliver
sixty votes to the Wilson managers.
Near the outskirts of the delegate body
was our own Will R. King, ex-National
committeeman, there to prove his
faithful adherence to the old spoils
man's doctrine that one good turn de-
serves another, for Wilson had given
him a Job. Bill Stone was there, and
every other mossback Senator and
brigadier the old phalanx of reaction-
ism and political stagnation, proposing
to deliver to Wilson the votes of
grateful South. All the surviving
barkers and spielers for states rights
were there, and they made their last
stand against the advance of woman
suffrage but however unenlightened
they were on that subject, and other
subjects, they were there to vote for
Woodrow, and they did.
The Tammany marching club, made
up of the prosperous ward captains
and well-dressed heelers of an easily
controlled and badly milked city, were
there, shouting for Wilson. The Cook
County Democratic Club was there to
demonstrate the interest of the praC'
tlcal politicians in Wilson. The old'
timers who had marched and fought
with Lee and Johnson, and Beauregard
were there some of them particlpat
ing in the frequent rebel yells that
greeted the strains of Dixie and test!
fylng to their loyalty to Woodrow
Wilson. There they were, the Old
Guard of the Scffth and the Big Bosses
of the North, clamoring for Wilson
all but Bryan, the original Democratic
Progressive, who could not even get
into the convention except as a spec
tator.
If Woodrow Wilson Is to be Judged
by the standards of the convention
that nominated him and the conventio
is to be Judged by the practices of
many of the men who composed it.
it will be we'! to avoid any compart
son either with Mr. Hughes or the
Republican National Convention.
Renewed rumors of the serious ill
ness of. Francis Joseph of Austria are
more credible In view of the great age
of this monarch, who was born In 18 30
and is therefore now 36 years old. He
has been on the throne since the ab
dication- of his uncle, Ferdinald I, in
1848, or for a period almost equal to
the allotted life of man. The house
of Hapsburg has reigned in Austria
since 1273. Francis Joseph has seen
numerous wars and has been afflicted
with more domestic troubles than any
ruler In Europe over had. Though
man of iron will, now perhaps broken
with the weight of years and sorrows.
e has been credited with holding &
high purpose and a sincere desire that
his people should be great, so that
quite irrespective of the leanings of
men in the present war there will be
widespread sympathy for him as his
light goes out.
A FOET Or THE IKOKLE."
It would be difficult to find an all-
embracing phrase with, which to char
acterize James Whitcomh Riley, who
passed away the other day. Neither
as a "children's poet" in. any limited
sense, nor as a writer of dialect verse,
nor yet as a "poet of the people" with
the restrictions that the words imply
did he acquire his enduring fame. He
was far more than either of these and
more than all of them. HLs place in
the hearts of Americans was perman
ently fixed because while his technic
was that of the student and the scholar
his experience was that of the every
day man. He plumbed the depths of
human sympathy. Pre-eminently he
was a ftoet of tenderness. His own
feelings can. be comprehended from
an Incident of his travels as a reader
of his own works, which he relates.
He had Just finished reading "The
Happy Little Cripple" when he no
ticed an old couple leaving the hall
without remaining to hear the rest of
the programme. Inwardly disturbed.
made careful inquiry and learned
that thew. had, a hunchback child of
their own. From that time on he
never read "The Happy Little Cripple"
again. In all his life he never know-
ugly Inflicted a wound.
We are apt to think of Riley as a
writer of dialect chiefly, -but this esti
mate does not do Justice to him. Even
his dialect verse was more than dia
lect. Once he wrote an interesting
article giving his own views of the
place of dialect in literature, in which
e defended it, but he threw light on
his own methods and the secret of
his own success. He said: "Dialect
should have full Justice done it. It is
worthy' of the highest attention and
the employment of the greatest mas.
ter In letters." He explained that our
forefathers were too busy founding a
Nation for the delicate cultivation of
the arts and graces of refined and
scholarly attainments. "It is a griev
ous fact for us to confront," he said.
a spirit of gentle raillery, "but
many of them doubtless said 'thisaway
and 'thataway,' and "watch y doin'
f ?' and whur y goin" at?" using dia
lect even in their prayers, to him who
in his gentle mercy, listened and was
pleased." So he approached the mak
ing of dialect reverently. The words
of his characters did not make them
caricatures. As he believed himself,
the public desires nothing but what is
sincere and so perfectly natural as to
be fairly artless. "It demands simple
sentiments that come direct from the
heart." This was-part of the secret
perfect sincerity and naturalness. The
grotesque played no part in his work.
When he wrote dialect, which was
often. It was good dialect. It stood
the test.
It Is of incidental interest that early
in his career he leaped Into promt
nence as the author of a hoax, the
now famous "Leonalnie," which was
the outcome of a brief moment of bit
terness growing from the belief that
editors were finding fault with his
own work who would have seized
upon it avidly if it had had the pres
tige of a great name. He had studied
the mechanism of Poe and wrote the
poem, the last stanza of which was:
Then God smiled and It was morning,
Matchless and supreme.
Heaven'a glory itemed adorning
Earth with Its esteem.
Every heart but mine seemed gifted
With the voice of prayer, and lifted
"Where my Leonalnie drifted
From me like a dream.
The tremendous literary storm which
ensued surprised even the conspirators.
for Riley had taken others into his
confidence. There followed the in
evitable expose by Riley himself, and
he was discharged by the newspaper
on which he was employed not, how
ever, for perpetrating the hoax, but
for permitting its exposure through
other columns. But It won him literary
recognition. Including a letter from
Longfellow,- and was an important
step in his career. Neighbors of Riley
named their baby Leonalnie, after the
poem and when this baby died, after
a short life, the poet wrote another,
To Leonalnie," in the fullness of his
heart, and said:
Peonainle!' Angela nursed her
Baby angels they
Who behind the stars had kissed her
E'er she came away;
And their little, wandering faces
Proopsd o'er Heaven's hiding places
Whiter than the lily vases
On the Sabbath day.
"All other real people," he wrote
once, "are getting into literature; and
without some real children along will
they not soon be getting lonesome,
too?" His children were real: they
appealed not only to other children but
to grownups aa well. TTiere, Little
Girl, Don't Cry" was a nearly perfec
example, and there were many others,
all simple and hopeful and as natural
as life itself. "I don't do it," he said,
when pressed for the secret of his
power. . "I'm only the willow through
which the whistle comes." The ten
derness of his thoughts and his meth
ods of expressing them are not better
exemplified than in "An Old Sweet'
heart of Mine," which closes:
But, ah! my dream Is broken by a step upon
the stair
And the door is softly opened, and ny wife
is standing there;
Tet with eagerness and rapture all my
visions I resign
To greet the living presence of that eld
sweetheart of mine.
His poems of nature covered a wld
scope and nature runs throughout his
lines. Who has made a stronger pic
ture than this, from his "Knee-deep in
June" ?
When the June comes, clear ray throat
With wild honey! Rench my hair
In the dew! and hold my coat!
Whoop out loud! and throw my hat!
June wants me and I'm to spare!
Spread them ahadders anywhere;
I'll get down and waller there
And obleeged to you at that.
March ain't never nothing new.
April's altogether too
Brash for me! and May I Jea"
Bomlnate Its promises.
"The Old Swimmin' Hole" was one
of the poems that made his name se
cure, though It Is difficult to say
which of his writings had most to d
with his tame. His influence was
simply a gradual growth, first local
then Isational. Then, It is not too
much to say. it extended wherever th
English language is spoken. "The Old
Swimmin' Hole" was a nature picture
that impressed itself on the mental
vision of nearly every old boy in th
land. It concluded:
And I stray down the banks, where the trees
ust to be
But never again will their shade ahelter
me
And I wish in my sorrow I could strrp to
the soul
And dive off in my grave like the old
swimmin' hole.
His kindly spirit was shown at its
best In his famous "Rubaiyat of Doc
Sifers." Even the poor rich man re
ceived bis heartfelt, catholic compu-
sion. Who has read the simple tale of
Doc Sifers who does not recall T
And Poe he's got respects to spare the rich
as well aa pore
Say he, "I'd turn ne millionaire, unshel
tered, from my door"
Says he. "What's wealth to Dim In quest er
honest friends to back
And love him for hisae'tT not Jea" because
nea mad his Jack 7
Friends will write nothing more
touching upon the death of the poet
himself than, he wrote In those lines
'Away."
cannot aay and I will not say
That he la dead he la Just away.
With a cheery smile and o wave of the hand
He haa wandered. Into an unknown land.
And at last:
Think of him still a the same. I aay;
is not dead out just away.
And, like his own Doc Sifers, "with
perfect faith In God and man. a-shlnln
in his eyes."
Shagreen is an interesting word to
which attention has been curiously
called by the presence recently on the
Atlantic Coast of unusual numbers of
sharks. Shagreen is applied In a trade
sense to certain kinds of leather so
treated as to give them a rough, grat
ing surface, and it appears that the
kin of the shark Is particularly suit
able in its natural state. A movement
has been started to hunt these trouble
some maneaters with the double pur
pose of' making bathing safer and of
Increasing the supplies of raw mate
rial for the tanneries. If it is true.
as some seafaring men assume, that
the visitation . of sharks has been
caused by a deviation of the Gulf
Stream which Is likely to make it
perennial. It is expected that a new in.
ustry of important proportions will
be built up. The devious way in which
we derive our language Is illustrated
In this connection by the word "cha
grin," a form of "shagreen," and the
rough, unpleasant sensation caused by
the skin of a shark when in contact
with the human body will give its own
clew to what we mean when we say of
a person that he "feels chagrin."
There should be no undue elation
over the flood of gold which is com
ing to the United States. It resembles
the water In a leaky boat which rushes
from side to side when a fool rocks
the craft. It is now on our side, but
when peace rocks the boat the other
way it is likely to rush over to Europe,
unless we revise our tariff, shipping
and other business laws In such man
ner as to keep It by expanding our
commerce. All other nations will try
to grab some of that pile of gold, and
they'll get it if we don't look out.
If dirt and poverty and general
shiftlessness are not aids to health,
how do the birth controllers account
for the continued existence of the six
teen children, the oldest 18 years, un
covered In a shack on the Sacramento
levee by the arrest of the father? The
uery Is not advanced in advocacy of
the Idea of large families, but merely
to call attention to the way In which
the Incident upsets all theories with
the sixteen solid facts.
Investment of large blocks of Amer.
lean capital in Russia has already be
gun. Grants have been made to twen
ty-four companies organized by Brit
ish and California men with $750,000,-
00 capital, covering 35 0 miles scat
tered over 250.000 acres In the Ural
Mountains. This land yields gold,
platinum, ridlum, palladium, osmium,
manganese and possibly precious
stones.
The British purpose In regard to
Interference with American commerce
seems to be to "stand us off" with cor
respondence until the war Is oyer and
then to say, "Sorry to have incon
venienced you. What is your bill?"
And the Bryan peace treaty gives the
United States no remedy except to
wait.
Ex-Senator Patterson was one of
the strong, forceful men who made
Colorado a great state and Denver
great city. Though he was led away
by the silver delusion, he was in large
and distinguished company. He served
his state and his party loyally and
built up a great newspaper.
Since every farmer in Kansas haa
acquired an automobile, nothing but
the best is good enough for the son
of the soil. Now he is pulling down
Juice from a transmission line and
using the power in his threshers.
Gillies Is oh the way to South Amer.
lea with a "lady," according to his
escaping partner, and if he lands In a
country where extradition does not
run the state of Washington will be
the gainer.
If David Lloyd George is as good
prophet as he is manager there Is com
fort in his prediction that the end of
the war is near. It would be well to
get an "O. K." on this from the Kaiser
Texas enjoys elections so much that
it spends all Summer nominating a
Senator. Not even the presence of an
army within Its borders can divert its
attention from the sport.
Every person who takes waste pa.
per to the fire engine houses today
will not only receive payment but will
help to limit the price of paper which
he will buy in future.
Spannell. who killed his wife and
Colonel Butler in a Texas town, is pre.
paring to become insane. Already he
has begun to gaze at a spot on the
wall.
Burning of old paper money by the
Carranza government is shameful
waste. It should be sent to the paper
mill to be made into new money.
The weatherfolk must arrange all
the rains for the middle of the week,
People have waited long enough for
picnic and excursion time.
Very likely the bomb murderer will
be found to be a fellow with the letter
"a" twice in his name.
Send the European mail on war
ships, even to Germany. No nation
will dare interfere.
"The King can do no wrong" in
extending clemency to Sir Roger Case.
ment.
Mexico will In a few days cremate
fifty millions of good stage money.
The allies may yet learn that two
can play at the blacklisting game.
Immigration Is booming In the Aus
trian colonies in Siberia.
The -Kaiser has
watch, the Bear,
cut across lota) to
European War Primer
By National Geo sr s h leal Society.
Troyes, which has bean the concen
tration camp of the Russian troops
brought to France to aid in the allies'
drive against the Germans, is situated
100 miles southeast-of Paris and 175
miles west of the Alsatian frontier. Be
fore the outbreak of the European
war the town of Troyes was known to
American Importers as one of the cen
ters of the silk, cotton and woolen
hosiery industry of France.
As the chief town of the department
of the Aube, this ancient capital of
Champagne, with a population of about
80,000. is charmingly situated on an
alluvial plain, with the Seine flowing
to the east and Its narrow, crooked
streets Intersected here and there by
canals. .
e J e
The history of Troyes includes many
stirring and. dramatic episodes. When
the Romans came they gave the name
of Auguatobona to this capital of the
Celtic Tricassi. One of the heroic fig.
ures of its early Christian days was
St- Loup, or Lupus, the intrepid bishop
who succeeded in persuading the sup
posedly ruthless Hun, Attlla, to spare
the town. But there was no dlplo
matlc churchman to stay the hand of
conquering Normans during the clos
ing: years of the ninth century; they
sacked the town, leaving it a heap of
ruins. Shortly after this calamity the
power of the bishops and of the nuns
in the famous abbey Notre-Dame-aux
Konnains began to wane and authority
was transferred to the Counts ot
Troyes, afterward known as the Counts
of Champagne.
For a short time during the 100
Years' War the city was the seat of the
royal government of France during the
period when the country was oelng
devastated by foes at home as well as
by those abroad, while the mad King,
Charles VI. raved, neglected, at feeniis.
It was at this ebb tide of France s na
tional pride that the treaty of Troyes
was signed In 1420. whereby Henry V
of England was made regent of the
kingdom and the dauphin, afterward
to become Charles VII, was declared
illegitimate. To make the bargain
more secure the new ruler took as his
bride Catherine, the dauphin's sister.
and the marriage was solemnized in the
Church of St. Jean, one of the 14th
entury edifices which Troyes still
treasures as a show place.
Nine years after this treaty and mar
riage Troyes was redeemed for France
by Joan of Arc while she was march
ing toward Rhelms, at the head of 12,-
000 troops, to attend the coronation of
the unworthy dauphin.
Following this momentous period
Troyes entered upon an era of great
prosperity and by the middle of" the
7th century had a population about
equal to Its present size. During that
time Protestantism had enjoyed consid-
rable recognition in the city, so that
the revocation of the edict of Nantes
In 1685 struck a staggering blow to the
community's industrial life, the popu
lation falling in a short time to 12,000.
. , , ,, . .,
Troyes boasts a large gallery of dlsJ
tlnguished citizens and of these none
did more for hia birthplace than the
humble son of a shoemaker who became
Urban IV, the Pope from whose three
years' Incumbency dated the prepon
derance of French Influence in the
councils of the church, leading event
ually to the removal of the Papal court
from Rome to Avignon and indirectly
bringing about the great schism. Ur
ban gave to Troyea a gem of Gothic
architecture, the Church of St. Urban,
one of the most beautiful ecclesiastical
structures of the 13th century. Here
also was born Chrestlen de Troyes, the
great French poet and founder of the
mediaeval courtly romance and an
adapter of Arthurian legends to the
uses of French literature of his day. It
was from a work of Chrestlen's that
Wolfram von Eschenbach received in
spiration for the great epic which was
the basis of Wagner's "Parsifal" lib
retto. The two Mlgnards and Fran
cois Gentll are among Troyes' great
artists, while Glrardln and Slmart are
her distinguished sculptors.
"" It is to this city that we owe the
measure "troy ounce" and "troy pound,"
this standard having been adopted by
Great Britain in 1497 for weighing
gold, silver, silk and other valuable
commodities. And while the apothe
cary and Jeweler pay honor to Troyes
with their balance scales, the eplcura
prizes this city as a place which ex
ports exceptionally fine snails and
dressed pork.
In Other Days.
Half a Century Ago,
From The Oregonian of July 25, 1806.
It is reported that the great contest
about the Poorman mine In Owyheethe
richest in the world, has been com
promised and that work will be re
sumed immediately.
Yesterday morning a gentleman drove
his horse into the water at the ferry
landing to give him a drink. The horse,
supposing he was to have a free bath
plunged boldly into the river, carry
ing man, vehicle and all with him. By
good management, the driver succeeded
in turning the horse's head toward
shore, but not until he was well-ducked.
A new ledge was discovered last
week on Florida Mountain, near Ruby
City, Idaho. The rock looks well and
Is being assayed.
The semi-weekly mail from Salem
to Dallas and other points west of
the river has been changed to a trl
weekly mail, leaving Salem every Mon
day, Wednesday and Friday.
A correspondent at Needy, Clackamas
County. Informs us that the teasels
used in the factories of the etate are
now raised here instead of being Ira-
ported, as formerly. It takes two
years to grow them and then one year
to dry them for use. - The climate la
well adapted to their growth.
Twenty-five Years Ago.
From The Oregonian of July 25, 1SOT.
New York. July 25. The World pub
lishes this morning a letter from Cal-
lao, Peru, containing the information
that June 1 a Bteara launch from the
United States man-of-war Penaacola
was blown up by the Chilian torpedo
boat Condell. Every man on board the
launch, six in number, was killed. The
Chilian cruiser had mistaken the launch
for an insurgent boat.
The stone for the Portland library
building is arriving and stonecutters
are at work on it- The building: is
only two stories and will bs under roof
this FalL
Mayor Mason says he never wante
to preside over another meeting of the
Council with the temperature at 102
In the shade. He says he never suf
fered so much from heat as he did at
tne meeting inunoay afternoon.
The Improvement of Eighteenth
street, on the East Side, will cut W.
S. Ladd's big farm in two.
When Senator Mitchell came back
from his Southern Oregon tour a week
ago he had a proraiee to fulfill to the
people of Eugene. That city la mov
ing Heaven and earth to have the Gov
ernment Improve their neighboring
harbor or Musi aw, and the Oregon dele
gation In Congress has been strug
gling with the War Department for
a long time to get appropriations
passed that would enable soma effec
tive improvement to bo made In the
harbor. .
SHALL, UTILITY IX CITY'S PARKS
Corrrapanaeat Avers Tfcera Is Too
Mack Glass Skowraae Poller.
PORTLAND. July 24. (To the Ed
itor.) While Commissioner Baker has
been complaining that funds are in
sufficient to keep the publlo play
grounds, he has been spending money
in unfit ting parks for children's recre
ation. Laurelhrust Park was bought
with taxes collected from the whole
city and should be developed for the
benefit of all the people, but partic
ularly of those who live within a mile
or two of It.
An urgent appeal for a swimming
pool In that park was made bv resi
dents of Central East Portland, Sun
nyslde and neighboring suburbs, but
In deference to the protests of a few
residents of Laurelhurst, who include
Mayor Albee, it was Ignored. That the
dignified calm of theae few people
might not be disturbed and lest the
value of Laurelhurst Iota might be de
preciated by the boisterous mirth of
young amphibians, the wishes of the
vast majority were set at naught and
an ornamental lake has been made. A
playground has been made nearby, but
no swimming pool.
The same policy has been pursued at
Holladay Park. Formerly there were
swings for children and the public was
free to ramble on the grass, sit on it
or lie on it. A swimming pool might
well have been made there and a few
arc lights would have prevented Im
proper use of'the freedom formerly en
joyed. But the swings have been re
moved and. at an expense of several
thousand dollars, straight paths have
been made, the grass has been fenced
off. ornamental flower beds have been
laid out and seats have been placed
here and there along the paths. The
whole thing looks as prim and precise
as an old maid's parlor. .
I contend that the purpose should
be to combine ornament with use. if
the public is to derive full enjoyment'
from the parks. It is better to have
turf rather worn by people lolling at
ease on a Summer afternoon, to have
bare ground where children scrape
their feet in swinging, to have pools
where they swim, wade and frollo In
the water than to have smooth turf
carefully fenced off and lakes on whose
surface water lilies repose. At no
greater expense than has been expend
ed in making Laurelhurst and Holla
day parks mere beauty spots on which
to feast the eye, parts of them might
have been set aside as children's play
grounds, which could have been kept
and policed all Summer. Portland haa
too few playgrounds and is frequently
the subject of Invidious comparison
with Seattle In that regard. The city
should equip the parks for public en
joyment In all respects and should be
less considerate of those votaries of
birth control who are annoyed by the
sounds of childhood's pleasure in their
vicinity. T. w. P.
AMEDMEXTS HARMFIX TO BILL
Permanence and Political Freedom
of
Tariff Commission Menaced.
CHICAGO. IlL. July 20. (To the Ed
itor.) The tariff commission bill was
shot to pieces by the House of Repre-
sentatlves when it passed the bill July
For the first time in history all po
litical parties Indorsed a permanent
nonpartisan tariff commission. The de
mand for it from the country was al
most universal and it called for a high-
class, well-paid permanent commission
from which politics and politicians
should be eliminated as far as possible.
The answer of the House to .this de
mand Is a commission (the most impor
tant ever created In the history of the
country and charged with the highest
responsibility and the greatest volume
of work)- and the salaries were reduced
by the vote In the house from $ 10.000
to 17500 per year! The bill as original
ly drafted carried f 12,000. The salaries
of the Federal Reserve Board are $12.
000 and the Federal Trades and Inter
state Commerce commissions are $10,000
each. Does such action Bhow good
faith, or Is It a plan to chloroform the
commission? What answer will the
people make? This amendment was car.
ried by votes of both parties.
The people demanded and all parties
promised a permanent commission, yet
the House refused to make permanent
the appropriation for its maintenance.
This subjects the commission to disci-
pine or destruction by an unfriendly
appropriations committee at any time.
It must go, hat In hand, and ask each
year for funds. This ought not to be.
It should require an act of Congress
and not the blue pencil of a committee
to change the commission's status-
does the word "permanent" mean noth
ing? Both parties are responsible for
this change.
The people demanded a commission
to deal with the tariff from the eco
nomic viewpoint, for the good of all
the people, eliminating politics and po
litical considerations; hence the pro
vision barring from membership ex
members of Congress politicians of
the "lame duck" variety. If politics is
to be taken out of the tariff, shall pol
iticians be put on the Job to do it? The
House says yes, the people say no!
It was charged In debate, and not
denied, that several ex-members of
Congress were on the ground lobbying
for the elimination of this feature and
some acknowledged they were active
candidates for the job. (See page 12352,
Congressional Record, July 10, 1916.)
The bill now goes to the Senate. The
press of the entire country, regardless
of politics, should demand the restora
tion by the Senate of the features men
tioned. Members from both sides of
the chamber voted to emasculate the
bill. It was not a party vote.
HOWARD H. GROSS.
President Tariff Commission League.
Ocean Depth.
Scientific Monthly.
The deepest regions of the ocean are
commonly close to the shore, and are
believed to have been caused by the
crumpling inward of the earth's crust
due to the pressure of the near land.
Such is the 'Tuscarora deep," a long,
narrow trough which extends north
ward from Japan along the coast of
Asia; Its bottom being more than 27
600 feet below the surface of the sea
and 12,600 feet below the general level
of the ocean's floor. An even more
profound abyss la the Aldrich deep
close to the Tongan and Kermandec
Islands, which sinks to a depth of 30.
830 feet. The greatest yet found, how
ever. Is the Swire deep off Mindanao
of the Philippines, this being 82.089
feet, or 1089 feet deeper than Mount
Everest, of the Himalayas. Is high.
However, one rains an idea of the
rarity of such abyssal regions from the
fact that or the 97o0 soundings that
have been made and reported in water
over 1000 fathoms In depth, only 17
were greater than 4000, and only three
exceed
60U0 ratnoma In depth. The
greatest recorded depth of the ocean
Is only 409 feet more than six miles.
Eicm of Speed.
London Standard.
The motor car shot down the hill at
the speed of an express train, and then
overturned, pinning the driver beneath
It. The village policeman approached
pompously. "It's no use your hiding
under there," he said sternly to tha
half -smothered driver. "You were ex
ceeding the speed limit, and I must
have your name and address."
War-Time Sketch.
London Punch.
Rural Constable Sketching the har
bor ia forbidden, air. Artist Oh, that's
ill right. I'm making a study of clouda.
Rural .Constable (impressively) Ah,
but supposing your picture got Into the
hands of the enemya aircraft depart
ment: see Iho use they could make of
It"
With Oregon goeti
Alaska's Awsktalsg.
The dawn! the dawn! Thrice welcome
morn, all halll
'TIs gala day that calls me to arise:
The day when artless maidenhood gives
place
To womanhood of queenly grace, en
dowed With wealth replete beyond ambition'"
ken
Or flight of dreams; my coronation
day.
As dawn rolls back the curtain of my
night.
The scene Is fair as angel eve
dreamed.
My mountains, and my rivers, lakes
and plains.
My thousand leagues ot billowy shore.
my vast
Expanse of forests dark, my beasts, my
birds.
My untold wealth of mineral atorea
ah! now
I must beware. That creature man,
who loves
So well the rosy lips of innocence.
To catch their secret, then 'turn pil
lager Shall not foil me, I vow. Let man
give heed:
For I've somewhat to say to him who
would
This conquest dare. I am no wanton.
spawn
Of shame, despoiler and despoiled.
Tis
men
Forsooth, not ravlshers. I rise to greet.
But yesterday there passed a motley
horde.
A cankerous greed for gold had blight
ed heart
And brain. In' league with flesh-lust,
demonry.
They scattered hell around, and made
my name
A byword and a Jest o'er half the
earth. "
Now day of triumph dawns, and I
hear voice
And footfall of a people who'll subdue
My land, plant seed, build homes, ac
complish deeds
Of Industry no man has e'er surpassed.
Let cowards go where pity may be
found:
No pity may I ever show to man.
I loathe the human parasite: I'll give
My bread to nourish honest toll, my
wealth
To him who seeks. Let vagrant dreams
of ease
Be gone; my land Is not a land of
ease.
Who loves my coast-land's balmy air
must win
His food and fame by battling with
the sea.
Who seeks remote Interior climes must
match
His wit 'gainst skill of powers In
visible: When Winter falls upon my lands be
yond
The great, white range, a death-like
sleep enchatna
The mightiest river of a continent:
Life seems to pause; both earth and
. sky are locked
In silence of the tomb. 'TIs only men
Whose minds hold treasures of their
own. who may
Withstand such solitude, or put to
flight
The specters of creation days that still
At times come hovering 'round to try
the faith
And fiber of a man. My soil, la rich;
But only sturdy, hands may put aside
The virgin growth that mocks the
longing seed.
My gold, my copper and my coal 'tis
naught
But toll can find the way that leads
thereto.
For health, the roving clouds ne'er
canopied
More favored land than mine. Its
fountains gush
With streams as pure as Eden ever
knew:
Its air is like the breath that gave to
clay
The stature of a god ...
But give me men.
Til nourish here a race who'll tread
the earth
As peers among the noblest of roan
kind. ROBERT JOSEPH DIVEN, M. A.
Row Many Gods f
One half the world la aad today
And half Is drunk on human gore.
Sad. since we're not what we should be
Or drunk because we're what we are.
Forsooth, what of our pretty dreams
Of noble man the higher llfeT
What other creatures hath Goo made
A match for us in brutal strife?
We thank our God for blessed peace.
But when dark clouds obscure the
sky.
Right or wrong, we use "For God aad
Our Country" as our battlecry.
Some pray to him. through Christian
faith.
To avenge poor Belgium's woes:
Some to defend the Kaiser's cause.
By wiping out his allied foes.
Some pray to groom the British lion.
And some to coach the Russian Bear:
And many, many others pray
As contradlctlve everywhere.
Our patriots Implore their God.
Our own beloved land to guide
Through paths of peace with honor's
pride.
While mollycoddles pray their God
To give us peace at any price.
We aay.
The pagan hath his many god a
Ye gods! How many gods have we?
T. P. KENDALL.
434 East Eleventh street.
Parted.
Once more I'm is my childhood's home.
itn childhood a menus around me;
Familiar are the sights and aceena
That greet me and surround me.
Back roll the years, again I live
The day when first I met you.
And well I know, till time shall cease.
I never can forget you.
Though we must part, and bravely try
To live the years before us.
The shadow of the past will lie,
A gloomy curtain, o'er no.
And all the years ahead will seem
Of love bereft, forsaken.
And all the years behind, a dream.
From which we'll never waken.
Perhaps, in years to come, we'll crave
The gifts that Fate now proffera.
Perhaps we'll take with hearts that
ache.
Still lesser ones she offers.
Perhaps, perhaps, oh, let us hope!
We'll pierce this veil of sorrow.
To find the grief we know today
Bears fruit of Joy tomorrow.
HORACE WILLIAM MACNEAL,
548 East Nineteenth street North,
aiaale In the Park.
(In reply to J. T. Dillon's Then anl
Now.")
Among the trees at c!Q?e ol day.
Adown the aelf-same glade.
Where cleft-foot Satyr danced with
Nymph
Stroll many a youth and maid
Through paths of Shadowy sweetness.
Llght-atepplnr. hand in hand.
They away along, with the rhythmlo
cone
That swings from the City Band.
Oh, lovelier far Is the music
Than any e'er piped by Pan
And finer than mythic dancers'
la the grace of maid and man.
Bigh not for vanishing wood-nymph.
For star-eyed youth ia alive.
Though the half-gods die with tire
seasons.
Tha goda them.elveei survive.
6ARAH HIVDS WILDER.
1391 Thorbura, avanus