Morning Oregonian., July 24, 1916, Page 6, Image 6

6
THE 3IOKXIXG OREGON! AN, 3IONDAT, JUIiY 24,' 1016.
PORTIAM). OREGON.
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PORTLAND, MONDAY, JVI.Y 14, 1918.
CAN YOU FIGURE IT OCT?
One peculiarity of the existing sys
tem of direct legislation in Oregon is
that the people are supposed to vote
Intelligently on several conflicting
measures that may be offered at the
came election. They are expected to
do this though knowing that if all
measures receive more affirmative
than negative votes the measure re
ceiving the largest number of affirma
tive votes prevails, while the others
go into effect as to the matters not in
conflict. Strange and chaotic results, al
ways menacing, have so far been avold
ed but the complication grows. This
year are presented a tax limita
tion measure and a rural credit meas
ure, both proposed constitutional
amendments and both conflicting as
to certain important particulars with
a. third amendment which proposes a
combination of single tax and rural
credit.
If all three of these measures be
adopted, and that is not impossible,
Oregon will have provided Itself with
an almost inextricable mess of tax
and rural credit legislation.
The tax limitation amendment pro
hibits the state1 or any other taxing
unit to increase by more than 6 per
cent over the preceding levy, except
y vote of the people, the tax levy in
any one year.
On the other hand the -single tax
amendment proposes to take, all the
rental value of land as taxes, which
is obviously more than a 6 per cent
measure. If the limitation measure
carries by a larger vote than the single
tax measure, the problem will arise as
;to whether the people by adopting
single tax have not also authorized a
tax increase of more than 6 per cent.
As opposed to that theory the argu
ment may be advanced that a
provision of the constitution already
existing governs the situation and that
provision is that the measure receiving
the greatest number of affirmative
votes prevails as to matters in conflict.
That construction would give Oregon
a land tax limited in amount. Other
provisions of the single tax measure
would stand but would be inoperative
because the contemplated amount of
money would not be forthcoming. As
te which theory would be adopted by
the courts The Oregonian is unable to
make a prediction.
The straight rural credit amendment
and the combination single tax rural
- credit measure differ in the particular
that one merely pledges the state's
credit while the other proposes to lend
, specific public moneys raised by tax
ation. Provisions as to amounts that
. may be borrowed, rate of interest and
other details are widely different.
Whether both would prevail if both
were approved by the people and the
state be overburdened with rural credit
obligations, is another problem, that
would trouble the courts.
We call this progressive law-making,
but if any one should propose that all
the good, bad, indifferent and conflict.
ing bills presented to the Legislature
should be voted on at the same mo
ment by secret balot by the members
of that body, he would be hastened
away to the insane aBylum.
THK HRSr BATTLE IN MAINE.
Maine assumes more than its usual
Importance in this Presidential year,
because In addition to the other Fed
eral and state officials it is to elect
two United States Senators at a time
when the balance of parties in the
Senate promises to hang nearly even.
The Pine Tree State has always been
held to point the way the Nation will
go by the result of its election in Sep
tember. This year interest is intensi
lied by doubt growing out of its vote
for Wilson in the three-sided fight of
1912 and out of its election of a DemoJ
cratic Governor and Legislature in
1914.
As is Maine's custom, prohibition
and local politics enter into the calcu
la tion of how the state will vote on
National officers. .The Republicans
are said by Democrats to have injured
. their chances by nominating Carl E
Milliken, an advocate of strict enforce
ment, for Governor, and Democrats
are charged with helping the country
districts in selecting a "real Prohibi
tlonist." They also count on animos.
lty resulting from Representative
Guernsey's declination of the nomina.
tion for a safe seat in the House, in
order to run against ex-Governor
Fernald, the defeated candidate for
the nomination to succeed Senator
. Johnson, at the special primary for
Benator to succeed the late E. C. Bur
lelgh. Guernsey's action has opened
the way for a new contest at a special
district convention among Colonel
Frederic H ParkhursL defeated can
didate for Governor; Albert A. Bur
leigh. brother of the late Senator, and
Jra G. Hershey, beaten by Colonel
Frederic Hale, son of the late Senator,
lor the Senatorial nomination. These
are the factional complications anion
"Republicans which raise Democratic
hopes, but the New York World sums
up the prospect by saying:
The Democrats cannot expect, aa things
now appt-ar, to get more than two Repre
entatives in the First and Second dls.
trictsi, and possibly one of the Senators.
The re-election of Governor Curtis (Demo-
crat) seems certain.
These forecasts do not harmonis
with the professed belief that Wilson
will carry the state. How little real
ground there is for this belief may be
inferred from the fact that 191J was
the first Presidential year in which
Elaine went Democratic since the Civil
War. Although the Republican party
!was split in that year, Wilson won by
a plurality of only 2618 in a total
vote of 129,641 and his vote was about
'2 4,000 less than the combined vote for
Taft and Roosevelt. Reliance is placed
on Wilson aa an "inspiration." on th
approval of his policies by many Re
publicans and on the prospect that
two or three speeches by him would
toe worth 10,000 votes. In a year whe
new issues have come forward an
Svlien old Issues are presented tn a. new
llg-ht there are likely to ba at least as
many changes In one direction as in
the other. In fact, in view of the
certainty that many Republicans voted
for Wilson In 1912 for factional rea
sons, there is ground to expect that he
will lose more than he will gain this
year.
The salient facts are that Maine
is normally a Republican state and
that the Republican party is united
except on local issues. The Democrats
will concentrate their big oratorical
guns there, but so will the Republi
cans. Mr. Hughes may speak there
after his Western tour, and he is at
least as good a campaigner as Mr.
Wilson. Though the Republicans must
fight, and fight hard, to carry Maine,
the odds are in their favor.
CHASING A RAINBOW.
It was to be expected that the
Democrats would put forth unwonted
effort to carry New Jersey for Presi
dent Wilson, but in 'basing any hopes
on. the winning of the Progressive vote
to their cause they are chasing a rain.
ow. Having dwindled from 145.410 in
912 to 18.864 in 1914, it is already
too small to overcome the combined
majority of 5 5,956 which Taft and
Roosevelt had in the former year.
But, notwithstanding the bolt of the
Progressive State Committee from, the
action of the National Committee in
indorsing Hughes, not even all of these
8,864 votes could be delivered to the
Democrats by any deal which, the com
mittee might make. A large propor
tion of them will surely follow the
ational rather than the state leaders
of their party on National Issues. This
is the more likely to prove true, be
cause the record of the party's vote
goes to show that the great total given
to Roosevelt in 1912 was a personal.
ot a party, vote. In 1913 Colby for
Governor got only 41.13C, and in the
ongressional election of 1914 the to
tal had shrunk to 18.864. The shrink
age is progressive, and it promises to
e greater than ever since the founder
f the new party has again become
Republican.
If Wilson is to gain enough votes
over his total .in 1912 to ensure his
re-election he must look elsewhere
than to the remnant of the Progressive
party. He cannot get them all, nor
more than a fraction of them, and if
e did they would scarcely suffice to
offset those Republican votes which
e got four years ago but can never
get again.
GO TO COOS BAT.
One of the most important events In
the. history of Oregon is the comple
tion of the Willamette Pacific line of
the Southern Pacific Company from
Eugene to Coos Bay. It reunites to
Oregon a section ' of the state which,
though politically in Oregon has
hitherto been geographically and
ommerclally annexed to California.
The barrier of mountains and bad
roads which has isolated it from the
rest of the state has been broken
down. Portland is no longer dependent
for communication upon a wagon road
or a long, steamship route. It can
reach Coos Bay by railroad in a few
hours of comfortable travel. The
southwestern counties are knit tight
to the state's metropolis by threads of
steel.
The new railroad opens to the com.
merce of Portland a country of great
and varied wealth, the full develop
ment of which has long awaited its
coming. It opens the dense timber
and fertile agricultural land of the
Siuslaw Valley and of all western
Lane and Douglas counties as well as
Coos County to industry. These coun
ties abound in timber, fisheries, farm.
dairy and fruit land and minerals and
Coos County has several producing
coal mines. The towns around Coos
Bay have great sawmills, creameries.
salmon, fruit and vegetable canneries
and shipyards.
In deciding to go by special train to
attend the formal opening of this new
railroad to traffic, the Portland Cham.
ber of Commerce displays proper and
friendly interest in the realization of
a long deferred hope of a progressive
community. There are no more ener
getlc, enterprising, public-spirited peo
pie than those of Coos County and the
Siuslaw Valley and Portland should
rejoice with them at the attainment
of their desire for railroad connection
with the rest of the state. Every
citizen of Portland who can possibly
participate in this celebration should
Join the excursion. Civic pride should
combine with neighborly feeling to
prompt him,. for San Francisco will
be well represented and special trains
will run from Salem, Eugene and
other Willamette Valley cities. Port
land must not be behind in the num
ber and character of its representa
tives. Bonds of friendship may thus
be formed w-hich will Increase the
social and business intercourse be'
tween thej two communities.
THE FKCIM OF PACTFISM.
As Czolgoscz was excited by news
paper calumnies to murder President
McKinley, so was the fanatie who
fired the bomb at San Francisco ex.
cited to the deed by the calumnies
uttered by pacifists against advocates
of preparedness. We say "excited,"
not "incited," for The Oregonian does
not charge that either Hearst in 1901
or the pacifists in 1916 deliberately
planned these hideous consequences
of their intemperance in political con
troversy. But, aa with Hearst, so with
the pacifists, they have been careless
of the effect of their words on those
disordered, because excessively logical,
minds which carry the verbal argu
ment to its logical conclusion in deeds.
The anti-preparedness campaign has
been founded on falsehood and ealum
ny. Its propagandists have made cer.
tain statements of fact and of purpose
which they either knew or could easily
have discovered to be false. They
have said that the aim of prepared'
ness was, or that its effect would be,
to establish militarism in this country
aa exemplified by Germany and Aus
tria. It is not; its utmost limit Is the
species of military organization which
has been adopted and actually used by
fawitzerland for defensive purposes
only. They have charged that the aim
was to establish conscription, which
withdraws the young men entirely
from civil pursuits for several years
to be devoted exclusively to military
service. It is not; the utmost aim is
to require each man to devote suffl
cient time during each of several years
to so much military training as can
be acquired while continuing his civil
vocation, and as will insure the Na
tion sufficient trained, equipped men
in time of need. They have charged
that the preparedness movement was
engineered and financed by munitions
manufacturers and have ignored chal
lenges to examine the accounts of or
ganizations advocating preparedness
which have offered to throw open
their books to inspection.
In spreading this last calumny the
pacifists have deliberately inflamed
the prejudice against corporations an
capitalists which, prevails iimoii; cer-
tain large elements of the population. I
They have known that these elements I
were a soil well prepared for the seed I
they wished to sow and to bear I
harvest. By resorting to this false 1
argument they have intensified that
class prejudice which it should be the
aim of every patriotic citizen to re-
move, and have, in effect if not in In
tent, undermined the patriotism of
those who entertain such prejudice.
The "direct action" of the San Fran-
cisco fanatic is the natural fruit of Id act at the battle of Lake Erie pro
these pacifist teachings. Ivoked Stone, editor of the New York
It is a mournful commentary on the I
entire pacifist line of reasoning that, I
while It is inspired by love of human- 1
lty and horror of bloodshed, every act
of its votaries has resulted in greater I
suffering for humanity and in more I
outpouring of blood. We have seen
its fruits in Mexico, on the high seas,
in the mangling of many persons
blown up with munitions factories and
now in the slaughter of women and
babies together with men at San
Francisco.
A most telling example of the
beneficent effects of that military dis
cipline Which pacifists condemn was
furnished by the Civil War veterans
who arrived at the scene of the ex-
plosion while it was still strewn with
the, darl and iniurftrl and iwhila amok-A
Httll nhRPiirprl tVi air All iha ttlpmpntfl
which start panic or an outbreak of
popular fury were present. At this
critical moment a veteran gave the
order: "Attention, march," and the
old soldiers, with the instinctive obedi
ence learned in their fiery youth, ad-
vanced as they did fifty-odd years ago
tr. th. n,prr.v' fir Th. rii-i-
pline which governed them was subtly
transmitted to the minds of the hor
ror-stricken throng, and peace and
order reigned, plainly the fruit of the
old soldiers' preparedness for Just
such an emergency.
The fruits of pacifism are not
peace. They are death and agony of
mind and body among dwellers on
land and travelers at sea, culminating
In such dastardly crimes as that of
Saturday. Peace is the fruit of force
directed by law when that law is the
composite wisdom of a self-governing
nation of high average intelligence
and high moral purpose.
BETTER CROP PROSPECTS.
The heavy rains, which in some in
stances could be likened to cloud
bursts, which occurred in Wasco,
Sherman, Gilliam and Morrow coun
ties in the latter part of May and the
first week or so in June, seem to have I
been local rather than general. The
Dalles Optimist estimates that the
present condition of the crops in those
counties is fully 90 per cent, which is I
above normal and therefore promising
of an abundant if not bumper yield.
' This is due largely to the season-
able rains of the last few weeks, which
have been of a more favorable nature
than for many years. The hay crop. 1
says the Optimist, now promises to be
the largest for many years. We pre-
sum- that arm Hps nrlnciDallv to Wasco
County for in the other counties men
tioned the farmers rely chiefly upon I
grain hay, there being but little
meadow grass cut In those counties.
The fruit crop also promises well
in Wasco County and that probably I
means that the prune yield will run I
un into Mia riiinrl rrl rf carloads for I
IVasco is a greater prune section than
mot people realize. I
No doubt while severe rain storms of I
late May and early June did much
local damage and will be a hardship to
a number of individuals, they brought
greater prosperity to the district as a I
whole. With the general prospect good
for almost a bumper yield of grains
these individuals will be able no doubt
to get assistance as they desire from
the banks or forehanded neighbors,
So the outlook for the three counties
Is very satisfactory.
NEff LIGHT OX l'KMMOKE COOPER.
A new light is shed on the life of
James Fenlmore Cooper by an article
on his unpublished letters in the Yale
Review by his son of the same name
Known best as the author of the
Leathersto eking Tales, he is here re
vealed to us as a man of adventurous
youth, whose middle life was given to
the consular service and to criticism of
his own country inspired by his rest
dence in Europe and to successful de
fense of his good name against viru
lent newspaper attacks, and whose
later life was devoted to literary work
and marked by a return of popular
favor. His life ended at the age of 62.
Cooper's boyhood was spent on a
farm at the foot of Otsego Lake "in
the wilderness of Central New York,'
where his father founded a settlement
in 1790, during the future novelist's
first year. His career at Yale was cut
short, it is said, by expulsion for an
attempt to blow up a classmate with
explosives, and he "shipped before the
mast, having a great love of the sea.'
He then served seven years in the
Navy as a midshipman, but resigned
in 1810, moved by the charms of Susan
De Lancey, whom he married at Ma
maroneck in the following year. The
following passage presents an inter-
estinsr contrast to the modern weddine
tour in an automobile, a Pullman car
or an ocean liner
Their weddsd life began auspiciously with
a game of chess. Then, driving two horses
tandem, they covered the -jou miles to Coop.
erstown in a gig.
Thus Cooper, the expelled student.
the sailor and lover of the sea, "mar
ried and settled down" at tha early
age of 22. After several years of out
door life on and near his farm, he be
gan his literary work to prove his
ability to his doubting wife. His son
saye:
One evening, after reading a fashionable
C-aglish novel, he is said to have remarked
to his wife that "he could write as good
a tooK as tnat mmseir. when tnis state
ment was received with doubt, he proceeded
to write nis iirst novel, -'rreoautlon," pub-
xisneo. anonymously.
This book was followed In the next
few years by "The Spy," "The Pio
neer," "Lionel Lincoln" and "The Last
of the Mohicans" and his reputation
was made, his biographer observing:
Cooper's success amounted practically to
a vindication ol American literature
time when England was blindly followed
in all matters of taste and was considered
the only legitimate source of works of art.
Appointed Consul to Lyons in 1826,
Cooper lived abroad for seven years,
became an Intimate friend of Lafayette
and an. acquaintance of Scott and drew
down malicious criticism on himself
in France by defending his country
men against "most distorted views"
of them prevalent in Europe. But
on his return in 1S33 he himself
turned critic, influenced by his contact
with "the parent civilization" and by-
aversion for the more modern com
mercial spirit." which "had largely
succeeded ii destroying- the old aristo.
cratic atmosphere." He severely criti
cised ' American lire and manners,
alienated both political parties and
the press became "highly personal,
then abusive
These assaults drew out a new phase
of Cooper's character and talents not
hitherto called into play. In 1837 he
began a series of suits for libel which
continued until 1S43, and was success.
ful in all except one minor case, beat
ing in turn Benjamin, Webb. Greeley,
N eed and Stone and forcing them to
publish . retractions, though ho was
one man against the press." This
period of controversy seems to have
been his period of greatest physical
and intellectual vigor, for during it he
wrote his "History of the United States
Navy" and his two best-known novels.
"The Pathfinder" and "The Deerslay-
er. His discussion of Elliott s con-
Comimerclal Advertiser, to bitter as-
saults, to which he retorted with
libel suit. The case waa arbitrated
land Cooper took a leading part in the
argument. His own description of the
dramatic scene attending his summing
up is quoted from a letter to his wife.
He says:
Some twenty of my most active enemies
crowded within the bar. . . . Jordan
took & seat directly opposite me. For half
an hour 1 could see that hi eyes were fas
tened on my countenance, then his head
drepped and for an hour It was concealed.
He could stand it no longer, got up and
went out- stone's countenance changed, be
came gloomy. Daer went out, and 1 had not
spoken for two hours before u that aet
vanlshed.
He spoke for six hours on the fol-
IowinS day and when he closed "there
vas a curst, or applause mat me con
oia.uiira Bixt;ii;GU, u.iiu a nuuureu 11 e I
"a CTowded. around me
His con
fidence that "we have carried all be
fore us" was Justified, for his son says
that "Stone was completely humiliated
and forced to publish the award
From 1838 onwards. Cooper lived
luetlJ ft Coopers-town, -but frequently
visited New York and Philadelphia in
connection with the publication of his
books. His son confesses that "the
novels written during this period are.
for the most part, not his best.
the imaginative matter seems to be
mingled and confused with the imme
diate Issues of the day." But these
days "were happily marked by a grad
ually growing appreciation of hia work
and a fading out of old enmities."
The letters abound in evidence of
abiding affection for his wife and have
the literary merit of a time when let
ter-writing was still esteemed an art.
They are full of lively sketches ot
well-known characters, of caustic or
kindly comment on customs and peo
pies and contain much evidence of
keen Insight into public affairs. For
example, in 1850 he foretold civil war
as an outgrowth of the slavery con
troversy. Cooper appears as one of
the founders of distinctively American
literature with characters and scenes
drawn from his own country, but as
much more than this, lie was first a
defender, then a critic, of American
manners and customs. When his criti
cisms stung the mouthpieces of shal-
low, spread-eagle Americanism to per.
sonal abuse, he became an intrepid
defender of his good name, incidental.
Mv of the right to tell unpalatable
I truths, and he forced his traducers to
ea their words. He was more than a
literary man. he was a man of all
around strong character, the best type
oi American.
Of S54T.5 of exports In 1915, 1686.8
went to British territory, while of our
11778.6 of imports we took 623.9 from
that territory. French territory was
our next best customer, buying 607
while it sold to us only 80.4. Among
niir f iistnmpra Ttnlv ia thirrl nHth 170 ft
land Russia .fourth with 169.5. bu
their sales to us have dwindled to
5 1.7 for Italy and 3.3 for Russia.
Among the allied nations all have
greatly Increased their purchases from
us, but Britain alone has Increased
sales to us
James Whitcomb Riley sang the
song of the common folk and sang it
Into their hearts. Unpractical In early
life, judged by the world standard, h
later developed his vein of humor un
til it brought fame and a competence,
A century hence people will be weep
ing and smiling as they read him, as
they have done for a generation. He
did not live in vain.
In forming an organization to buy
as well as sell the farmers of Jackso
County may prove to have taken th
lead in a movement which will develop
from the farm loan associations to b
formed under the rural credit law
German farmers buy and sell by
wholesale in this manner, and there is
no reason why American farmers
shold not do likewise.
Almost every nation which has been
prevented by war from obtaining sup
plies at its customary source has
turned to the United States, and almost
every nation which the war has ex
eluded from its customary markets
has found a buyer here. Naturally
peace will return the great bulk of
this new trade to its normal channels,
but our manufacture and merchants
should be able to hold a good pro
portion of it.
Oregon leads in rural school at
tendance, and by and by, when there
Is a hard-surfaee strip In the middle
of the county road and the children
go to school on roller skates In all
weathers, the lead will be far ad-
I vance-
If there
la one class of men for
I whom the law should snow no mercy
Jt B those who take advantage of an
epidemic like that of Infantile paraly-
sis to sell quack remedies.
The Western Federation re-elected
Moyer by the usual method of giving
him more votes than the other fellow
got. Protests alleging Irregularity re
ceived the customary treatment.
While the allies and Teutons
wrangle about how the people of
Northern France shall ba fed, starva
tion may decide the question for them.
Rains that hurt the hay and aid
the grain are a mixed blessing to the
man who- grows both and can break
even.
The murderer who packed the suit
case bomb will be caught, never fear.
In exultation he wilj give away him
self. The Dalles should get some rood
advertising from the 80,000 cases of
cherries canned there this season.
Cooking with electricity relieves the
head of the family of tha discomfort
of a Sunday session with the ax.
For a cripple Villa moves pretty
nimbly in keeping away from the Car.
ranza forces which pursue him.
The Du Ponts have a respite. The
dally "terrific explosion" Saturday was
in a Hercules plant, ,
The wife who is not "a famous
beauty" lacks much for which to be
thankful..
Perhaps the Deutschland is waiting
for a regular submersible to arrive
and clear tha path. ,
How to Keep Well
By Dr. ""V. A. Evans.
Questions oertinent to hygiene, sanitation
nd prevention of disease, if matters ot gen-
ral interest, will be answered in this col
umn. Where apace will not permit or tne'
ubiect is not suitable, letter will oe per
sonally answered, subject to proper limita
tions and where stamped adarosseo. en
velope is inclosed. Dr. Evans will not make
laguosls or prescribe for individual dis
uses. Request for such aerviaea cannot be
answered.
(Copyright. 1818. by Dr. TV. a. Evan.
Published by arrangement with the Chicago
Tribune.)
Not I rlo Add.
H T ANT neeple think tbey suffer from
J.Y.L urio acid. They have read about
urie acid or they have been told they
have urio acid and they charge against
that acid a mat and varying list ot
symptoms. On the other hand, a great
many medical men sav tnat mere is
no such disease as a urio acia nia,-
heaia. that urio acid is never a. source
of symptoms, and that all the symp
toms which in the publlo mind are
charged against urio acid are due to
other causes.
The oars urio acid has oeen
worked overtime by certain proprie-
ora of cures and by some pnysiciana.
Of thin thera can be no doubt. At the
same time it is proper to say tnat tna
other aide sometimes go too far. If
urio acid la not the source of almost
univeraal trouble that it la cnargea
with heins. neitirer is it wholly cleared
of the charge of causing some discom
fort to certain men. It may neip ua
tn recoarnlaa- what la not urio acid
poisoning if we read the symptoms of
a typical case of acuta gout.
Edwards aivea the following descrip
tion: The patient la awakened one to
three hours after mianlgnt oy
agonizing pain at the baae of the great
toe. The pain is deacnoea aa sub
Festive of crushing by a vies or burn
Inn bv a red-hot iron. In per cent
of the cases tha location of the paln,,f
of gout ia In the great toe. The toe
swells and tha akin becomes red. The
toe la very tender. Toward morning
the pain beoomea leas, but the swell
ing increases. Every night for a weea
about 1 to J o'clock the paroxysms of
pain return. Then the violence of the
nightly attacks gradually aubslde. In
the height of the disease the fever goes
to about 101 and the pulse to 100. After
a day -or two the fever about disap
pears
The Inflammation may Involve aome
other Joint such aa the knee or thumb
a few days after the attack In the toe.
In about 10 days it practically dis
appear. To lessen the number and severity
of attacks there must be a change In
the method of living. The amount -of
food eaten must be decreased. Three
light meals a day are proper. A full
heavy meal is highly improper. Alco
hol is forbidden, fruits and vegetables
are to he eaten freely. Water is to
be given freely. Moderate amounts of
fat are allowed. Certain meats are bet
ter than others. Boiled beef is good.
Milk and eggs are all right. Starches
and sugars are to be taken In limited
quantities only.
This Is a brief description of a typi
cal case of acute gout. Gout is the one
certain urio acid dlBease. There is no
question on that point. Nine out of
10 people who think they have uric
acid will see that if the above Is the
effect of urio acid their complaint is
of another sort. Most people who think
they are suffering from urio acid be
long in one of three groups. Some are
neurasthenics, who have hit upon uric
acfd because of the publicity that sub
stance has been given. Soma are suf
fering from deficient elimination or
constipation, or what was formerly
called billlousness. Some are suffer
ing from some form of rheumatism.
Coffe Intemperance.
J. E. W. writes: "Will you kindly
say something about excessive coffee
drinking, its results, etc.? My wife
drinks five and six to eight and nine
cups each day and has for years. Can
you suggest a remedy other than one's
own will power?"
REPLY.
A series of investigations made by a pro
fessor in Columbia University snowed that
there was very little harm from coffee so
long as the dally dose did not exceed two
cups of ordinary strength. When more than
that was taken harm resulted. There is no
specifio remedy for coffee drinking. Like
the oplnm and whisky habits, it is to be
cured by force -of will and not by medicine.
Breaking the coffee habit is easy.
Solitaries Common.
T. W. writes: "If convenient would
you kindly write a short articles on
what is commonly called shingles?
mere la a case or this kind in this
neighborhood and I would be Interest
ed to learn what you have to say about
this not common disease. "
REPLY.
Shlnsrles la a very common disease. The
cientlllo name for it is urticaria. The
eruption belongs in the same class wltn
fever blisters. Back of it is some constitu
tional state such as that which is commonly
known aa rheumatism. ' Treatment should
be for neural-ela or rheumatism. Shingles
does not endanger life. It is not contagious.
European War Primer
By "National Geographical Society.
The following war geography bulle
tin on Kovel, snows why this town in
the Russian province of Volhynla is
of such great value to the Czar's forces.
Kovel, a town of 30.000 people at the
beginning of th war, owes its Ira
mensa strategic Importance to the fact
that it Is the junction point for rail
roads which radiate, like the spokes
from the. hub of a wheel. In five dlrac
tions. To the northwest, 77 milea, is
the strongly fortified city of Brest-
Lltovsk, over whose possession there
was a terrific struggle when the oar
man were foldins: the Russians back
through Poland after the first telav
drive early In the war. To the south
east. 81 miles away. Is Rovno. a fort
ress with a poiTulation of to.ooo at tne
outbreak of the war and at that time
the headquarters of the 11th Russian
Army Corps. Lublin, with 65,000 Inhab
itanta. Is 100 miles due west, on the
railroad running to Warsaw, 209 miles
away. Then to the south is Vladimir
Volynskl, 35 miles distant, and to the
east runs the line which passes through.
Sarnl on Its way to Kiev.
In addition to these railway connec
tions, Kovel Is situated on the banks
of the Turiya, one of the tributaries
of the Pripet river, whose extensive
marshes lie to the north where forests
cover the land. In the- neighborhood of
Kovel. however, agriculture Is well ce
veloped and at the beginning of the
war fully one-fourth of the land con
tiguous to the city was devoted to the
production of cereal crops. Tha peas
ant farmers in the district of which
Kovel is the capital, like those of Vol
hynia generally, are more fortunate
than the peasants in most of thja. Rus
sian provinces, for here they own near
ly 60 per cent of the land.
e
If the Russians continue their ad
vance beyond Kovel they will soon be
In the vicinity of the famous battle
field of Dubienka. almost dua west, on
the banks of tha Bug and 10 miles
south of Dorochusk, a town of the Lub
lin-Kovel railroad. It was here that
Kosciusko, at the head' of 4u00 men
with 10 cannon, offered an heroic re
sistance to 1S.0C0 Russians with SO
guns. After holding the superior force
in check for five daya, tha "hero of
Dubienka" retired unmolested to War
saw. This brilliant achievement took
place Just nine years after a grateful
American Congress bad offered its pub
lic thanks to thia Polish artillery offl
cer. conferred upon him the rank of i
brigadier-igeneral, extended him th
privileges ef American citizenship, and
given him landed estates in appracia
tion of his distinguished services to
this country aa adjutant to Genera)
Washington during tha Revolutionary
war.
BOOT OF THE SSIALI. STATESMAN
Iveoatalatcstey "Vet a Important na
Cearata of Sew Con-rirtlona.
PORTLAND, July' 23. (To the Ed
itor.) Today it was the writer's priv-
ege to hear from one of Portland s
pulpita an able and well-timed sermon
on stability and consistency. The ser
mon throughout was characterized by
sense, and thia ia in nowise a criti
cism of it, but a suggestion that truth
may be many-sided. That is to say:
Strict conformity to any community
opinion and practice In religious mat
ters may ba much like a game of blind-
man a buff, equipping the average
n in a aort of prison garb of
the order holding him tlgU.1 and
fast. There is a certain dread of the
opinion of other membera that scares
ua from independence and a wholesome
self-reliance.
What if a man does sometimes con
tradict himself? Ho cannot do other
wise and live ever in a new day. m
man of acnao may in roost casea trust
hia impulses. A foolish fear of incon
sistenry is the hobgoblin of small men
small statesmen, half-baked acientists
and narrow-minded divines; whereas a
great soul with consistency has aim-
ply nothing to do. I am not now think
ing about the weak, shifting, religious
fanatic.
I like men who have the courage to
speak what they think today and to
morrow, though it contradict every
thing they have previously said.
Misunderstood! Certainly; but Luther
was misunderstood; ao waa John Wes
ley , Copernicus. Galileo and John
Brown of Oaawatomle. To be great is
nearly always to ba misunderstood.
But no matter how you gauge a atrong
character, it stands the teat. The great
ocean steamer going from Flavel to
Frisco makes not a few xigiag tacks,
but keeps a ateady main course.
One of the thlnga In our day to be
deprecated la smooth mediocrity. It
plays us false. Spontaneity of instinct
and emotion should have a fair shake.
a man for jnstance caims to know
and speak of God and carriea you back
to the phraseology and traits of some
old nomadio triba or moulded nation
in another country, another age and
another world, shall we swallow,' the
whole dose without pepper or salt, or
shall wo trust to aome of the things
we aee with our own eyea? Una criti
cism may ba made of our fathers in
theology and statesmanship they were
afraid to trust the coming man.
C E. CLIKE.
L.ASD LAW CHANGED 1Y CONGRESS
"Von-Irrlgable Homesteads of SSO Acrea
-Need "Not Be tn One Tract.
"Section 7. That any person who has
made or shall make homestead entry
of less than 820 acres of land of the
character herein described, and who
shall have submitted final proof there
on, shall have the right to enter pub
lic lands subject to the provisions of
this act, not contiguous to his first en
try, which ehall not with the original
entry exceed 320 acres; provided, that
the land originally entered and that
covered by the original additional entry
shall first have been designated, as
subject to this act as provided by sec
tion 1 thereof; provided further, that
la no case shall patent Issue for the
land covered by such additional entry
until the person making same shall
have actually and in conformity with
the Homestead laws resided upon and
ultivated the lands additionally en
tered, and otherwise complied with such
laws, except that where the land em
braced in the additional entry ia locat
ed not exceeding 20 miles from the land
embraced in the original entry no resi
dence shall be required on such addi
tional entry if the entryman is residing
on nis former entry. And provided
urther. that this section shall not be
construed as affecting any rights as to
location of soldiers' additional home
steads under section 2306 of the lie
ised statutes.
un tne same day this bill was an-
proved the President attached hia sig
nature to an act extending the leave of
absence privilege to settlers on unaur-
veyed lands, this act reading as fol
lows: .
That any qualified person who has
neretotore or shall hereafter in good
faun maae settlement upon and improve
unsurveyed, unreserved, unappropriat
ed public lands of the United States
with intention, upon survey, of enter
ing same under the homestead laws.
shall be entitled to a leave of absence
one or two periods not exceed Inn
In the aggregate five months in each
year after establishment of resldeace;
provided, that he shall have plainly
marked on the ground the exterior
boundaries of the lands claimed and
have filed in the local Land Office no
tice of the approximate location of the
lands settled upon and claimed, of the
period of intended absence, and that he
shall upon tha termination of the ab
sence and his return to the land file
notice thereof in the local Land Office."
THE QUESTION EDITOR.
I've been reading your paper a lifetime
rorty years I have followed the news
I have learned to swear by your columns
And agree with its editor's views.
I am seeking right now. Information
And I trust you will give ma the
same;
On your staff, there's ona who's en
titled
To a niche in tha Hall of Fame.
Knowledge flows from his pen like i
- d-qiqii.
Ever slacking tha populace' thtrat:
He's a friend in need, for the asking
W nen tne worst fin ly comes to the
worst.
Tour reporters are swift as Nemesis
As purveyors of thrilling "news
tales;
When the editor's yelling for "copy."
mere s one man in the pinch, never
tana.
And I wonder where you aver found
him
This strange man with a manifold
brain
This purveyor of Information:
1 Here a no problem ba cannot ex
plain.
'What ia best for a spray for young
prune treea?"
Pid George Washington die with th
gout?"
"Will you pleas define "woolly aphlsT
Will '.New Tho't" stop my hair fall
ing out?"
"Have the 'Futurist' painters a fu
tureT"
"Can a submarine airship fly high?
'Are whiskers, those false, on Car
ranza?"
"Did he die. Pancho Villa, or lie?"
Is this man Just a man or a woman?
Be ao good in your "next" to explain
Or still better.- please print his (?
picture
This Wise Ona with the Paragon
Brain.
OLD TIMER.
Hast Be an Tax Rail.
H1LLSBORO, Or.. July 22. (To th
Editor.)-( 1) Can a woman In Orego
vote for bonda to build, a new achoo
house, if her name does not appear o
tha taxroll with her husband's? (
Could she vote if she owned shares in
a farmers' telephone line? (3) Can ah
vote in any school mattera If she
not the head of the house? (4) What
is tne name and aaurenes of ona or
two moving picture companies to
which one could offer moving plctur
plays? IXQUiHEB.
(1) No. (3) Na. (S) She can If her
name Is on the tax roll. (4) Worl
Film Company. Los Angeles; Vnlversa
F(Im Company. Los Angeles, and V
S. E . . Incorporated, 1S00 Broadway
New York.
In Other Days.
Twenty-five Years lis.
From The Oregorlan July 14. 1691.
Pt. Paul The Minnesota Governor
stopped the proposed fight between Bob
. ..-..unions ana Jim nail, uovernor
Merriam held the militia in readiness
in case there was trouble.
Bayreuth. July 22. The greatest in
terest of the musical public centered
in today's production of the revised
version of "Tannhsuser," originally
performed in 1'aris in 1S61.
C. E. Xorton. city passenger agent
of the Canadian Pacific Railway In
Portland. is in deep distress over the
mysterious disappearance of his 17-year-old
daughter. Bertha, last Friday
evening.
Pendleton. Or.. July 13. Pendleton
contains a nephew of the famous sen
sational actress. Sara Bernhardt. J. H.
Keables ia the man. and ha has Just
discovered his relationship to the
famous actress. The discovery changes
materially the facts of Bernhardt'
lineage as heretofore published. The
story, if true, reveala Bernhardt as Sara
Kinp. an American girl, of French
Jewish parentage.
William Barnes. Jr., a grandson of
Thurlow Weed, and a prominent news
paperman and politician of New York,
passed through Portland yesterday.
The highest temperature 103 ever
recorded in Portland was registered
yesterday by the Weather Bureau.
Half a Centnry Agra.
"Frora The Oregonla-, July 24. lS6a
H. Glmbal announced tha repainting
and refitting of the Metropolitan Hotel
at G and First street.
The President has removed Mr. Ed
munds. Commissioner of the General
Land Office, and appointed Joseph Wil
son to the. vacancy.
Charles Gaylord has Introduced
steam thresher into Lenton Coijnty.
A Denver. Colo., dispatch says immi
gration is unprecedented since 181.
Large trains, mostly farmers and labor-
rs. arrive daily. The crops promise
n extraordinary yield.
News from the Sandwich Islands
tates that the funeral of Her Ronl
Highness took place the last week in
une.
Belle Boyd recently made her debut
t Manchester. England, in the "Lady
of Lyons" and failed.
It Is announced Julia Dean Hayna
ill bo the leading woman at one af
the St. Louis theaters next season.
Down With Maaqultoea.
PORTLAND, July 23. (To the Edi
tor.) Several times lately I have been
sat down on." and that good and hard
by mosquitoes. It is true we do not
ave as many of the pests as many
portions of the country, but they are
ere, ana we nave enougn to spare, xast
year and this there have been more
linn the usual number, it would seem.
and it is not too early to get rid of
hem. hether or not 4hey can carry
nfantlle paralysis, which is threaten
ng in the East, or any disease that
ever bothers this region, the writer
does not know, but they are a pest
at any rate, and if they could be ex
terminated on the Isthmus, why not
tre?
Some time ago (not this year) while
wulking through beautiful Riverview
Cemetery, I noticed a number of stag
nant pools, excellent breeding places
for mosquitoes, possibly disease. Why
not have those drained, or at least
non-mosquito producing?
Along the Columbia slough there are
many stagnant stretches left by the
high water. Could not the authorities
handle these without any great . ex
pense? e do not have many, of course, but
why have any? Let us get away with
their bills, any way.
C. C. HAMMERLY.
1014 Union Ave,
THE INVITATION.
Roses here and roses there.
Roses blooming everywhere:
'Mid sunshine bright and skies of blue.
In Portland there's a rose for you.
Roses pink and roses white,
Roses red, without a blight;
A rose for me, a rose for you,
A rose for all the sweethearts true.
Come from the east, come from tha
west;
Come to the land we love the best;
Come old and young, come short and
tall.
There's roses here for one and all.
MATTIE K. WILSON.
Value f Old Newspaper.
Sl'MPTER, Or- July 20. (To tha
Editor.) Please inform me whom to
write to to find out If a newspaper
printed January 4. 1800, with an ac
count of the burial of George Wash
ington In It has any value?
A SUBSCRIBER.
We know of no open market for such
curios. One must seek a purchaser
among the libraries and museums of
the country. One paper, the Ulster
County Gazette, containing an account
of Washington's death, has been re
printed and the country was ones
flooded with these facsimiles.
Hassalo'a First Run.
OAK POINT. Wash.. July 2S.-(To the
Editor.V I am In an argument and am
at a loss to find a satisfactory answer
so came to you for assistance.
Did the steamer "Hassalo" go on th
Astoria run before the year 1900? If
so, what date and year?
ED. McDANIEL.
The steamer Hassalo made her first
regular trip to Astoria Saturday, Juna
3, 1899. She was built that year and
her trial trip was held Saturday, May (.
Popnlar Vote In 1812.
HOLLY, Or.. July II. (To the Edi
tor.) Can you give tha popular vot
for the several candidates for Presi
dent at the last election?
J. R. SPRINGER.
Wilson. 6,293,019; Taft. 3.484,951;
Roosevelt. 4.119,507; Dens. 901,173;
Chafln, 107.928; Relmer. 19.259.
AddresiMlnajr a Correspondent.
PORTLAND, Or.. July IL (To the
Editor.) In addressing a business
house, attention a particular person,
which salutation is proper: "Dear Sir."
or "Gentlemen"?
"Dear Sir" Is preferable In this ease.
NVe Are Too RittsrsgssC
Buffalo Express.
American extravagance has grown to
auch an extent that tha American
Bankers' Association has decided to
make a Nation-wide campaign for
thrift. The executive committee has
estimated that needlesa expenditure in
tha United States have reached a year
ly total of 18.000.000,000. The Bankers'
Association purposes to awaken Amer
icans to a realization of the value of
money. It is a gigantic task,' but the
bankers are beet qualified to under
take it. Those who cry out against
enormoua budgets of European nations
ahould study the figurea prepared by
the Bankers' Association. These ihow
that extravagant expenditures In tha
United Slates annually reach an aggre
gate of about twice as much aa th
eomriined budgets tin normal times) of
Great Britain and Germany.