THE 3IORXIXG OREGOXIAX, SATURDAY, JULY
22. 1910.
PORTLAN D. OREGON.
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PORTLAND, SATCTTDAT, JULY S2, 1916.
BITTERNESS OF WAR.
It -will not be the- comlbatants -who
show the most bitterness after the war
Js over. The men who are doing the
fighting know what it is to meet a
torave enemy. If they conquer him,
eo much the better for them; in any
event, it is only part of the day's work.
Mo one knows better than a true sol
, dier that the man. opposite him is in
spired by the same feeling of patriot
Ism that he is offering himself for the
came supreme sacrifice.
Only the other day, .since the drive
of the allies on all the fronts began,
the British troops carried on a tre
mendous bombardment, followed by
the customary charge. For days the
Germans had been cut off, but they
fought valiantly. At length their am
munition gave out; the allies' effective
fire prevented the bringing up of sup
plies from the rear. Of two whole
regiments, there were only 126 men
left when the time came when there
was nothing to do but surrender. It
Is recorded that the British soldiers
presented arms when this handful
marched out, according to their enemy
the honors of war.
In Galicia a position of minor im
portance was held by an exceptionally
tenacious company of Hungarian in
fantry. Charge after charge failed to
dislodge them. At length one more
determined effort carried the day,
When the Russians took full posses
sion of the trench they found .not
man remaining alive who was not
wounded. News reports tell that the
conquering soldiers stopped in their
work of reorganizing the position to
give a mighty cheer.
These are isolated instances in
war in which the individual hero has
been lost to fame. It is possible that
the names of those who did not do
their duty will be the. chief ones to
come in for especial mention. Heroism
is rather common on all sides; doin
one's duty has come to be more or less
a matter of course. But the fighting
men value it in their foes as in their
comrades. The freemasonry of danger
already is welding them together
gain.
When the war ends there will be
attempts at reprisals in trade. It is
conceivable that a few academicians
will discuss seriously the propriety of
omitting each others' names from the
rolls of scientific societies organized
on national lines, though this is not
the prevailing spirit of true scientists
Some statesmen and a good many poll
tlcians will make capital of the wreck
of war. A vast number of stay-at
homes will curse their former enemies
for a generation or more to come.
But it is a certainty that the sol
diers themselves will be the first to
concede that the conflict is ended and
that it is time for starting over with a
clean slate. It was so after our own
Civil War. The Confederate Veterans
and the Grand Army of the Republic
were holding joint campfires long be
fore some of the non-participants
stopped "waving the bloody shirt." It
has been so in other wars. Bravery
and enduring hatred do not live in the
same atmosphere.
vioua years that the supposed superior
physique of the lad from the farm Is
not fully proved by experience. It is
largely true that country boys have
harder muscles, but it was found In
the army in the Civil War that the eity
boys withstood hardships better. Urban
life seemed to have steeled their
nerves to withstand a higher degree
of emergency strain." The advantage
of. the farm boy, if there la any. lies
in his amenability to discipline and
his readier acceptance of routine con
ditions. He is apt to possess more re
sources within himself and to be less
insistent on being amused when not
actively employed.
THE OLD GUARD AGAIN'.
A friend at Astoria finds himself
disturbed by a recent article of Samuel
a. Blythe in the Saturday Evening
Post on the recent Republican Na
tional Convention. "It does not agree,"
he writes, "in at least one important
particular with the statements by oth
ers (notably The Oregonian) that the
Old Guard cut no figure at any time
at Chicago. Blythe says that the Old
Guard was on hand and had control
of the convention and lost it through
its' inability to control its own pro
cured delegates, who voted for Hughes
against their will, but because they
felt, that they had no alternative."
The Old Guard is a tradition, a relic,
a fetish, a newspaper creation, a tar
get for smart political reporters, a
materialized ghost of immaterial fears
and fancies, a superstition, a theory, a
remnant, an obsession anything but a
potent force in present-day affairs.
The trouble with Mr. Blythe in his
political outgivings is that he has not
kept up with the procession. Belong
ing himself to the Journalistic Old
Guard, he sees the things of 1916 with
the eyes of 1912, and writes of current
things n the 'past tense. There was
an Old Guard which ran things, in
1912, and before; there must be one
now; so Blythe writes the old stuff
in the old way, assuming the old facts,
offering the old interpretations and
reaching the old conclusions.
Obviously, the Old Guard did not
nominate Hughes; so Blythe has it
that it had the will, the delegates, and
the machine; but something broke.
and it failed in its scheme to select
some unknown and unnamed candi
date, whom the Old Guard expected
to choose after the Favorite Sons had
been politely sidetracked and Hughes
and Roosevelt beaten. -
Why is it necessary for Blythe, or
any writer, to devise complicated
and impossible tale to explain a per
fectly simple and rational happening T
The people wanted the nomination of
Hughes, the delegates were in accord,
and they nominated him. That is the
whole story. . ,
neas man of keepiDg "overhead" with.
in bounds. There is a limit to the
rent even a Wall Street broker can af
ford to' pay. Property is valued ac
cording to what it will bring, in rent,
less taxes and other necessary outlays,
and it is attractive for investment at
a price which approximately matches
the rate of interest that can be ob
tained from other investments equally
secure. It was well known for years
in New York that sky-scrapers were
being built on a basis of a 4 per cent
return. Real estate took its value ac
cordingly.
The tremendous flood of war se
curities has brought about a change
in the money situation. Interest rates
are higher than they were. From the
time when a bond safe enough to be
considered a good investment for a
trust fund could be bought only on a
basis that would net 3 per cent it
has come to a pass when securities of
the belligerent governments of Europe
are offered on a basis of 5 per cent
at par and are being actually sold at
98. Naturally, money is not drifting
toward 4 per cent Wall Street build
ings when there are more attractive
prospects right at hand. The high
mark for New Tork realty" seems to
have been reached.
It is significant also that the meas
ure of security of the new offerings
seems not to be questioned. No one
appears to doubt that the belligerents
will redeem their promises to pay,
both the 5 per cent interest and the
principal when due. Possibility of re
pudiation enters nowhere into calcula
tions, with the end of the war .not yet
in sight. Faith that all of the nations,
win or lose, will redeem their pledges
continues strong.
improvements of agricultural prod
ucts are sometimes accomplished with.
in the life, yes, the last years, of
a single scientist. Nevertheless, ex
plorations in Peru reveal the past ex-
PROGRESSIVES ARK FOR HUGHES
'rward-aeeltlaa-. Net Archaic, Party
Is Their Choice.
PORTLAND, July JL (To the Edi-
lstence of a people of profound pa-I tor.) The announcement that the
tience and perseverance.- Primarily, I Democratic leader would soon inaugu
to them we owe the existing series of rate an organised bid for the votes of
American agricultural products. Sec- former members of the Progressive
ondarily, we owe at least one of them, party leads me, as one who still sub-
the potato, to the Spanish conquerors, scribes to the principles of the Pro-
They took it with the Inca gold to gressive platform of 1S1J. to give my
opam. r.urope was Slow in acfoptins reasons whv Progressive, cannot con-
i . . . , . . i
i-uuiio as roou. rianu u ursi -ere slstently vote the Democratic ticket.
Eruwii as Dotanicai curiosities. 10 To heir In witn th. mV,.r of the
French philanthropist is due much I pr.i . .v r.nk
v..it lur lu gcunrw mumutum. of ao-ealled Imurrrnt movement
iviany pernaps nave ODservea on that was r-.nnfine .ntiriv to the Re.
r rencn menu cards usea in issnion- publican party. They came from Mas
able cafes the word "Parmentier" in I sachusetts, where the first child-labor
the list of soups. If they gave the! laws were passed by the Republican
majority ana irom Wisconsin, cantor
nia, Oregon and the other Republican
states that have committed themselves
to forward-looking legislation. - The
leaders of the Progressive party had
no great quarrel with the Republican
party of the several states: it was the
National Republican organization and
the National Republican ticket that we
fought. This spirit of militancy was
an heritage from the great leaders of
Republicanism who so successfully
fought the stand-pat Democracy of '61
The Democratic party .is a party or
the past. Its backbone is still voting
for Andrew Jackson. It is a party of
negation which offers no constructive
HOW TO EEtT OUT, OF WAR,
President Wilson sent -an army to
Vera Cruz which fought a battle
wherein nineteen Americans were
Killed, but he kept us out of war.
He has sent an army in pursuit of
Villa, which fought bloody battles with
Mexicans at Parral and Carrizal, but
he kept us out of war.
He saw Mexicans murder and rob
hundreds of American citizens, but he
kept us out of war.
He sent troops to fight in Haiti and
Santo Domingo, but he kept us out of
war.
Hundreds of Americans have been
killed by German submarines, but he
kept us out of war.
He surrendered to Great Britain in
the Canal tolls controversy, but he
kept us out of war.
He failed to adjust-the California
alien land dispute with Japan, but so
far he has kept us out of war.
He has not induced the allies to
cease their illegal blockade methods
and by the Bryan peace treaties he has
made us powerless to bring more than
diplomatic pressure to bear. In that
manner he has kept us out of war.
President Roosevelt settfed the Japa.
nese school controversy in California
and thereby kept us out of war.
He acquired the Panama Canal Zone
for the United States, making con
struction of the Canal possible, yet he
kept us out of war.
He took charge of the Dominican
custom-houses, thereby pacifying San
ta Domingo and making it solvent, but
he shed not a drop of blood there and
he kept us out of war.
By speaking a few plain words to
the German Ambassador, he prevented
Germany from seizing a Venezuelan
island and maintained the Monroe
Doctrine, but he kept us out of war.
There are two ways of keeping the
I'nited States out of war. One the
Roosevelt way gains valuable rights
for the United States, settles danger
ous controversies-and makes American
rights and American policy respected
without expenditure of a single drop
of blood. The other the Wilson way
sacrifices our rights, leaves contro
vesies open, forfeits the respect of
other nations, yet results in the loss
of countless lives. The choice before
the American people is not betweeD
war and peace, or between militarism
and pacifism: it is between two ways
of keeping out of war.
BLOWING COLD, BLOWING HOT.
The Evening Journal has a Wash
ington bureau which faithfully re
fleets the partisan policies and polit
ical sehemings of that active organ of
"non-partisan" opinion. For example,
there appeared yesterday this dispatch
from Washington City:
Representative McArthur " expressed tn
opinion that the two House conferees on
the naval bill will not oppose the Colum
bia River submarine base. it this inionna
tion is correct the Oregon Senators, by ae-
curins the amendment in the Senate, likely
have achieved a success In spite of neglect
heretofore shown on the House side, where
the bill originated.
It is highly important to get from
Congress the $500,000 naval base ap
propriation and not especially impor
tant which particular mem'ber of the
delegation did the most or the least
for it. But for the 'sake of the truth
and without referring to current re
ports that the Senators have been
lukewarm and the Representatives
most diligent, let us quote from the
Congressional Record. Speaking on
the naval appropriation bill the other
day. Senator Chamberlain said:
The r,eoDle In my section of the country
have been insisting that a navy-yard ought
to be established -at the mouth or the
Columbia River. J have not been disposed
to agree with that recommendation in Its
entirety, after having- read what there i
on the subject, because, while I feel it
importance not only to that section, but
to the whole country. I think it is not
local matter. It Is a National matter, and
before this vast sum of money is expended
the people ought to be able to Judge from
the reports as to whether or not the expen
diture ought to be made at any particular
place.
And again the Senator who thus
complained that the money ought not
to be spent until the people are able
to judge (from the report "of a naval
board, no doubt) whether the expen
diture was justified, had this to say
further:
Very naturally. Mn President, I espoused
the Western side of that proposition, and
I was very anxious and solicitous that some
thing might be done In the way of the con
struction of a navy-yard at the mouth
the Columbia River. But after looking
into It and after consulting with the geore
tar-y of the Navy and distinguished nava
officers on the subject I felt that it would
be unpatriotic to undertake to get the Gov
ernment to adopt a plan and expend a vast
sum or money tor constructing a navy-yard
without having rufflcient information as to
what ought to be done in the premises.
First he was for it and then agains
it, and now he's for it again, if latest
Information, from Wrashington is cor
rect.
name a thought it was likely to try
to connect it with that of some French
chef. But Parmentier was the phil
anthropist who. during the French
revolution, established potato soup dis
pensaries for the benefit of the poor.
The poor liked it, the affluent still
partake of It. Today the potato has a
hundred culinary uses. It is a staple
of the civilized world as it was of the
pre-Incas. Tet the explorers In Peru
report that there now grow in Peru
varieties that are superior in flavor
anything produced in America.
Thev havA found nntAtAM srrtvwinar at
on alHtnri nf 13 nnn et Th. hin icgisisiion or no new iaea oi puum-si
found them growing on slopes so steep "?,n2myiif"' J!.,fi, 1
that were one to shake the tubers loose r.....i..i or,,.
from tne vines, as is a common prac- I from the "black belt." - They come from
lice in this country, the fruit would that section of our country which
roll away and be lost. The Spanish I offers the only serious opposition to
conquerors looted Peru, but it is esti-lthe great -reforms for which the Pro-
In its endeavors to meet demand
for men created by the increase in the
Navy, recruiting officers are calling
ttentlon to the fact that country boys
"make the best possible sailors." This
is said to be due partly to the desire
1o make the Navy personnel represen
tative of the entire country and in part financially
to the fact that the Coast states alone
cannot be depended upon for the. full
supply. It has been remarked ln-pre-
WALL STREET REAL ESTATE.
A distinct shock is conveyed by the
news that th,e owner of one of th
most valuable pieces of real estate In
New York has permitted it to go upon
foreclosure of mortgage. That is to
say, a margin of value which a few
years ago was regarded as safe by the
most careful money lenders in the
world has been wiped out. The prop
erty" was situated in a locality tf
which it used to be said that the value
of the superficial area could" be meas
ured by gold coins laid on edge to
cover it. This was a figure of speech,
but it was meant to convey the idea
of tremendous price. Each sale was
made at a higher price than the one
preceding it. No one seemed to be
lieve the trend upward ever would
change.
This particular bit of real estate
surrounded on three sides the famous
"No. 1 Wall Street," which was said
to be the most valuable town lot in
the world. It was held at $642 a
square foot; there are 43,500 -square
feet in an acre, which made land in
that neighborhood worth the stagger
ing sum of some $28,000,000 an acre,
in round figures. The property' that
was sacrificed under foreclosure was
assessed at $1,600,000. It is said that
the owner valued it a few years ago
at $3,000,000 and that he had refused
$1,000,000 for his equity. The mort
gage which absorbed it was for II,
100,000, with some few thousands in
accrued Interest and back taxes.
The incident is significant of impor
tant changes that have taken place.
One need not attach too much impor
tance to the contention that Wall
Street is diminishing as a financial
center or that people are much less
inclined to patronize the New Tork
Stock Exchange when in quest of
stocks and bonds. The locality will be
important for years to
come, but the people who do business
there have found themselves under
the same necessity as any other busi
REAL GOLD OF THE IXC AS.
Few persons find food for romantic
reflection in the Irish potato. It is
accepted as something perhaps com
mon, but nevertheless substantial. Tet
it contains both mystery and romance
for those who are familiar with its
history. The name Irish potato does
not signify the country of its origin.
Ireland, in fact the civilized world,
has known the potato but little longer
than 100 years. Tet centuries ago,
when our own half-naked ancestors
gained their chief food "from the chase
the potato was the basis of a people
long since vanished from the earth, a
people who left as monuments the
American series of agricultural prod
ucts, remarkable stone ruins, decaying
aqueducts and the remnants of won
derful hanging gardens.
The manner of this nation's extinc
tion is unknown ana probably never
will be revealed, but explorations by
an expedition sent out by the National
Geographic Society and Tale Univer
sity has supplied all who may be in
terested in antiquity with a fund of
new and marvelous information. The
results of the explorations have been
published in the National Geographic
Magazine.
The potato is the development of
wild plant, native of America, as is
the sweet potato, maize or Indian corn,
the peanut and the tomato. Probably
we inherited them all from a people
who built and thrived in the high val
leys of Peru before the days of the
Incas. Certainly the potato was this
nation's staple food, and the chief con
cern of its people was the tilling of
the soil. To provide irrigation, moun.
tain streams were straightened and
aqueducts that clung to the sides of
precipices were constructed. Without
blasting powder er steel drills tunnels
for conducting water were pierced.
The great reclamation projects- in
which we now take pride are but in
consequential when natural obstacles
overcome are compared with the work
of the pre-Incas.
Some of their aqueducts were sev
eral hundred miles long and paved
with stones. But the land reclaimed
was not a flat, semi-arid desert. It
was the steep mountain sides. Retain,
lng walls of stone were built to hold
the soil and the mountains were ter
raced by this means as high as plants
would live. Even the soil that these
walls retained was in many instances
transported from the lowlands. The
pre-Incas had no knowledge of mor
tar. Their walls were dry masonry.
Stones were shaped with infinite p
tience and walls were preserved by a
system of interlocking.
The extent of terraceai gardens re
veals that the pre-Incas were numer
ous. But plainly, they were under
constant menace of some danger. They
constructed great fortifications of
stone, and wallsd cities, temples and
outlook stations on the tops of high
mountains. Although it is apparen
they understood only the use of levers
and inclined planes, they transported
stones weighing as much as twenty
tons for use in their houses and forti
fications. That this could have been
done by employment of great num
bers of men is admitted, but how such
stones were faced and fitted with the
means presumably at hand is th
crowning mystery. The joints are stil
so perfect that the blade of a knife
cannot be inserted and frequently use
of a lens is required to reveal whether
the joint Is a true one or a groove
made for ornament.
The pre-Incas left no written or
hieroglyphic record of any kind. N
tradition survives to reveal their form
of government, the incidents of their
daily life or the manner of their going.
Only Tuins and the foods they evolved
survive. The native Indians of th
district, who still farm some of th
terraces, ascribe the presence of th
stone walls to enchantment. They are
aerriculturists, too, but they have no
Inclination to experiment with the food
properties of native plants or to im
prove the products they already know.
Extinction of the ancient potato
kingdom and decline of scientific agrl
culture at one of its earliest seats give
rise to more than one interesting spec
ulation. Choice lies perhaps between
some cataclysm of nature, an epidemic
of disease or invasion by a human foe.
The tendency of the people to build
towns on almost Inaccessible places,
look-outs and fortifications lends color
to the last-named theory. The pre
Incas were in advance of their time.
Other peoples, possessing the preda
ceous instincts of the hunter, perhaps
looked with covetous eyes upon the
granaries, storehouses and productive
lands of the upland nation. What
more reasonable opinion than that the
pre-Incas fell victims to the avarice of
stronger neighbors, who once they had
conquered the land, had rather the
initiative nor the industry to carry on
intensified agriculture or to maintain
and preserve the works they had won?
Perhaps, too, when we marvel over
the achievements of this "vanished"
race and compare them with our own
we are contrasting the work of cen
turies with that of a decade. After
lapse of a thousand or more years,
remnants of past industry do not re
veal much information as to how long
that industry was employed. The
works now found in ruins in Peru may
have been continuing projects of
countless generations. The potato may
have been evolved slowly, even acci
dentally, from the wild root. Our own
mated that one year's world crop of
the potato, which they also took with
them, far exceeds the value of all the
gold of the Incas.
a-resstve party stood. Woman suffrage
remedial child-labor legislation, mini
mum warn laws and other advanced
ideas are unpopular in the South. The
fountain of Democratic party dictum is
thus ' oolsoned by the aristocratic.
THe Mayor of Cleveland has decided I caste-serving, arrogant ruling class
that he is responsible for enough of I who talk patronizingly of democracy
the fortune nnd misfortunes of the while they uphold and practice
r vi- -.. vi thmit ,,iongarcnicai government,
rii.tTncT h..JV Tilt- .Ti.i I If the new nationalism means any
pleating himself in their marital af- thlnK ,t mean. tho antithesis of the
fairs, and has declared that he will states' rights dogma of the Democratic
marry no couples during ins term ot i party. A strong; centralized govern
office. Not only that, but he intends ment. protecting American Industry
to discourage as far as possible per- and American men, women and children,
formance of marriage rites by laymen may be erected by Republican sue
In any circumstances. He would put
he entire responsibility on the clergy.
Just how he expects this to relieve the
ituation, which he views with alarm
brought about by the growing number
of divorces, he does not make clear.
cess, but never by Democratic victory.
Ideals can never be obtained through
the "instrumentality of Tammany Hall.
Underwood, Bailey, et al. There snouia
be nothing- attractive to the real Pro
gressive in such company. v
Sincere Progressives snouia u
Couples unhappily mated and unwill- pleasure in joining Roosevelt and John
ing to bear and forbear still are com
pelled to go to the civil authorities for
relief, and the civil authorities do not
inquire whether the knot was tied by
a clergyman or a justice of the peace
Putting the "resoonsibilitv" on the
minister without eivingr him power to 1 dreamer, but a man of affairs. He Is
remedv conditions looks like a nlain not too proud to fight privilege or
evasion and nothing else.
son in voting for Hughes. The latter
embodies the best there is in Ameri
canism. He comes from the people; he
knows their story and appreciates their
wants. His hands are not tied. He Is
as fearless today as he was when Gov
ernor of New xorK. ne is not.
OSLT SMALL, MMBER BENEFITED
Mur Worse Off Thronrh Prohibition,
Asserts Correspondent.
PORTLAND. July II. (To the Edi
tor.) When the prohibition amend
ment was submitted to the people two
years ago the Prohibitionists took
pains to make it clear, both through
speakers and through the columns of
the newspapers, that the "dry move
ment" was not Intended as a "prohibi
tion condition," but that tile move
ment was only to better conditions by
putting the saloon out of being and
by reducing crime thereby.
Said the speakers and writers on
the drys, or was the movement one of
great wave of prosperity will sweep
over Oreron; all the laboring people
will have money; business enterprises,
due to the changed conditions, will
come to Oregon." Such statements
as the above, and numerous other sim
ilar ones, were heard! Is the pros
perity here? Are our stores, build
ings and houses filled with occupants?
Let the readers answer.
"Was the movement to put the sa
loons out of being, as was stated by
the days, or was the movement one of
prohibition? The last movement to
change"'- the amendment of two years
ago to one dryer still is a complete
answer and tells the shameful story.
During the dry campaign we were
told that from 75 to 95 per cent of all
crimes committed were due to the use
of intoxicating liquors. The drys in
making these estimates called drunk
enness crime, and drinks were consid
ered in the estimates of crimes committed.
1 wonder If the Prohibitionists have
been reading the Oregon papers of
late. Scarcely an issue that does not
report some horrible murder. It these
murders are caused by liquor, then
there is no prohibition in Oregon; if
these murders are not the result of
drink, then the "drys" were fooline;
the people when telling them that 95
per cent of all crimes committed were
due to booze.
Here are conditions brought about
by prohibition: There Is no loose
change or easy dollars floating around.
Those who now patronise the eating
oints are eating- 15-cent meals Instead
$1 steaks as formerly. The number
of 15-cent meals has largely Increased
the restaurants show a good patronage
of this kind. The small vendor of
sandwiches during the evenings has
nearly disappeared, family and all
gone, so this class of trade is now lost
to Portland.
A stream of boose money is flowing
to California. The average man gets
no beer but the alcohol consumer has
increased. Have we bettered condi
tions? For a few, yes; for the many
no. MRS. URSULA MEISTER.
$28 V, Third street.
In Other Days.
Tweaty-flve Years Acs.
From The Oregonian July 82. 13M.
St. Paul. The elerpy have Joined in
the protest airatnst the Fltnimmons
Hall prize fipht and a number of citi
zens have appealed to the Governor to
stop the gro.
Henry Irvinsr epigrarcmatically char
acterizes an English scheme for the
regeneration of the theater as missions
which propose to save the player's soul
by pointing the way to the workhouse.
A large number of the "4 00" of local
society have signified their intention
of accompanying the grand electric and
moonlight excursion on the new Union
Pacific steamer Victorian, which leaves
Ash-street dock tonlsht at 1.-0.
G. P. Rummelin is back from Alaska.
He was. not able to penetrate as far
Into the interior as he intended, owing
to the Stickine River flood.
H. S. Van Gisreh. of Paris. Is exhibit
in r. at the Portland Hotel this week
fine collection of French, English
and Italian water colors.
Mrs. Constance Ferris Lutz. the ac
complished and charming young lec
turer from the Minnesota W cman Suf
frage Association, will speak tonisrht
at the Unitarian chapeL She Is the
g-uest of Mrs. A. S. Duniway.
Paris. The report that Mrs. Jsmes
Brown-Potter had been divorced from
Mr. Potter and married the actor Bel
lew la denied by the lady's parents.
receives support from the death the atmosphere at Washington today,
mas Upham, a Boston merchant. Above all Hughes is a man of action
age of 105. His faculties were a red-blooded, double-f lsted 'iBhter
Metchnikoffs theory of possible Ion
gevity
of Thomas
at the age
so well preserved that the Springfield
Republican says, "To the end he
could hold a vigorous hand at whist'
and walked down town as late as last
Winter ana underwent a major opera.
tion last May. What changes he had
seen is indicated by the fact that when
he was born the war of 1812 had not
yet begun, Madison was President, the
first steamboats were navigating the
rivers and Boston had a population of
33.000. During his lifetime the first
steam locomotive and the first electric
car ran. the first telegram, cablegram
corruut government. He will remove
our Government from the maze of dis
trust, iincert&tntv. rldibule. mismanage
ment and peanut politics that pervades
whom we Progressives can depend upon
to keep the faith. His words are as
clear and true as hiB public acts have
been fearless and decisive.
CHARLES W. ACKERSON.
HOW COXKLIMG BEGAN ADDRESS
r.rmt Delegate Corroborates sir.
Green's Version of Speech.
MunTORD. Or.. July 20. (To the
Editor.) Permit me to add my post
tlvB testimony to Mr. A. B. Green's
statement in his communication ap
Senator La Follette has permitted
his mind to dwell on Wall Street so
exclusively that he sees Wall Street
behind every policy of which he dis
approves, and he opposes every policy
which anybody in Wall Street favors.
That is the explanation of his opposi
tion to a strong Navy.
nanHnar in The Oresronlan of this Gate
and aerogram were sent, the first tele- j quoting Senator Conkling's opening In
phone was used and the first aero-his speech nominating General Grant
plane flew. I at the Chicago convention when the
nnhle, 306 went down to oereat- xne
quotation Is aleolutely correct.
Senator uonKiing aid dcbih.
Tou ask what state he halls from
Our sole reply shall be
He comes from Appomattox
And its famous apple tree.
I sat In the front row of the alter
nate seats, was a Grant man Irom
Iowa and stood en a chair and helped
the aonlause that for 12 minutes 101
lowed that famous opening.
ome 10 years aero a man dlsputeo
my statement as to tne exact, woi u.-j
Conkling used, and after a reference
to the files of Chicago papers 1 en
joyed the pleasure of gathering in
few "bones ' from my rriena s pocKet
as a penalty for his doubting my mem
ory or veracity.
With the exception or Ingerso.is
speech nominating Blaine in 1878, old
convention attendants referred to
ConkllnE's as the greatest of like char
acter made to that date, and if It has
1 he curtain rods of Pullman cars
may not be designed for chinning.
but they should be strong enough to
bear a heavyweight Senator when he
ides from an upper berth to the
floor. As a passenger plunges into
space, he involuntarily grasps at some,
thing.
Opposition of Secretary Lane and
the Democratic leaders in the House
to Representative Sinnott's bill requir
ing that the 40 per cent of land grant I since been equaled it was when the
receipts allotted to reclamation shall reporters were asleep or out ior a
be spent in Oregon is an example of 'c. or course impossioie contin-
what Oregon may
Democratic party.
expect from the
gencies.
Judg Langguth shows he Is a friend
of the masses. To enable an offender
to hold his Job, he makes a ten-day
sentence run from 9NP. M. Saturdays
to the same hour Sundays. Is not
that considerate?
WHEX THB INVESTOR pats tax
Revenue Collector Holds Bayer Liable
If He Makes Business ef It.
PORTLAND. July 11. (To the Ed
It or.) The Oregonian, commenting: on
statement I made that as a private
investor, who was investing his own
funds for his own profit and not for
the purpose of reselling securities so
purchased, says that I was probably
compelled to pay a tax for doing the
same under some provision of the
state "blue-sky law." I will say that
the tax I was compelled to pay was
brokerage license, and the same was
paid to the United States Collector of
Internal Revenue at Portland. Or.
1 would further say that I am no
more a broker than 1 am a grocer, as
I buy groceries for my family; or
clothier, as now and then I buy
clothes. The point I was making is
that there are at least loOO people in
Oregon who are as much liable to this
tax as I am. and I venture not 15
know of it and they will be stuck for
a penalty as I was. INVESTOR.
The United States internal revenue
office In Portland holds that 'occa
sional' purchases on one's own ac
count do not involve tax liability as a
broker, but that where the person
makes it a business or a part of his
business to purchase such securi
ties,, either for his own account
or for that of another, he must pay.
Just what may constitute "occasional"
purchases and the point at which such
buying becomes part of a man's regu
lar business Is not specifically defined,
and it is stated that each individual
case must be determined on Its own
merits. The Portland office la bound
in Its actions by its instructions from
Washington.
FOOD VALVE FOUSD IJf RATIO
Watte Flear of Today ot Same as It
Was la .Civil W ar Tunes.
PORTLAND. July tl. (To the Edi
tor.) The Government ration issued to
our soldiers on the Mexican border, as
stated in letter of James T. Beach In
this morning's paper, would be bal
anced and sufficient if the bread were
made of whole meal, or if the hardtsck
were Ry-Krlsp or the "Swedish health
bread. Then it would contain the- nec
essary alkaline bases to carry on the
vital processes of digestion. Using
modern white flour to make the bread
and hardtack, the ration should contain
tar more of onions, potatoes and beans
and less bread.
Studies of the disastrous effect of
foods deficient in the salts and vita
mines, as white flour is deficient, have
appeared within the year In the reports
of the Public Health Service. If the
various departments of the Government
were properly co-ordinated, the discov
eries made in the Public Health Serv
ice would be available in a practical
way in the Army, in which esse white
bread would be banished frqra Govern
ment rations.
The discoveries referred to. by the
way, are new to the doctors of the
Public Health Service, but the fscts
have been long recognised by many
private food chemists, physicians and
health eulturlsts.
1 a word, organic soda, iron, pot
ash, sulphur, phosphorus, silicon, mag
nesia and other salts found In all nat
ural foods are required for the diges
tion of ttn foods containing them. In
grains, these, salts, and what are called
vitamines (bodies lately discovered, yet
concerning which little seems to be
known beyond their essential charac
ter as food elements) are contained
for the most part Jin the bran and germ
and outer layers. The gradual-reduction
process of milling, which came
into use In the late '70s. makes our
white flour a different article from the
white flour of Civil War days. Modern
white flour contains, the merest traces
of the elements mentioned, is by Itself
a starvation food, and if used at all
must be supplemented by large amounts
of vegetables or fruits, in which the
salts are conserved; otherwise the con
sumer suffers.
The diseases of food deficiency are
many, among them pellagra, beri-beri,
rheumatism, paralysis, anemia, neuras
thenia and even infantile paralysis, as
Dr. Simon Baruch points out in a late
article on the latter disease.
Whatever interferes with oxidation
and elimination as lack of these ele
ments does must pave the way for dis
ease; the form the disease takes will
be determined by other factors in the
life of the subject. LORA C. LITTLE.
A Matter of Taste.
Detroit Free Press.
"I"d rather play golf than eat." "But
what does your wife say to that?" "Oh,
she doesnt' care. She'd rather play
bridsre than cook."
Lord Crewe gave good reasons why
Britain undertook the Mesopotamia
expedition, but they were also good
reasons for ensuring its success and
for not exposing it to a disastrous repulse.
CREDIT TOR WORK OX HIGHWAY
Tunnel Was Idea ef Mr. Bowlfey, Who
Overcame Opposition to It. '
PORTLAND. July 21. (To the Edi
tor.) I have read articles In severs
different magazines on the Mitchell
Point section of the Columbia River
Highway. Some of these articles give
Samuel C. Lancaster credit for engineering-
this piece of work; others give
Henry L. Bowlby the credit, while 1
have been told by people In Hood
River that it was J. A. Elliott who con
ceived this idea and located this sec
tion In the face of a great deal of
criticism to the effect that it was an
Impossible piece of construction work.
Will you kindly inform me which one
of these engineers is entitled to the
credit, as every Ane who has seen this
There is one excuse for Mr. and Mrs.
Dick's neglect to see the Columbia
River Highway. A couple on a honey,
moon care only to see each other.
Later some couples would rather see I wonderful tunnel realizes It is one of
anvthiner or unvbodv than each other- I tne most eKinrui pieces or engineering
wurn in ixie tniieu Dimes, ir not in
The effect of the proposed muni- L.n who'i entitle to th. .i-Ht
tions tax on tne nascent lnaustry of I it should have It.
making potash out of kelp is a good
demonstration of the Democracy's
fatherly interest in infant industries.
Molalla is getting ready for the
teasel harvest. That section of Ore
gon has the distinction of being one
of the few places in the United States
where the teasel grows.
Evidently the British bulldog intends
to keep close on the trail of the Ger
man dachshund as it dashes between
the Virginia capes.
THOMAS G. HAYS.
Credit should be given H. L. Bowlby
for the construction of the Mttchell
Point section of the Columbia River
Highway. He first conceived the idea
of the construction of the tunnel and
he fought for the plan In the face of
strong opposition. As State Highway
Engineer Mr. Bowlby alfio superin
tended, to a certain extent, its construction.
Mr. Baraee Also Explains.
PORTLAND. July 21. (To the Edi-
Latln may be learned in a week, but! tor.) Lest the public gain a false lm-
the ordinary supply can be obtained
from the back of the dictionary in a
minute.
Oregon s norseless cavalry are an
eloquent commentary on the War De
partment's bpast of successful mobill
zation.
Oregon bathers should worry! A
nine-foot shark has been killed in San
Francisco Bay.
- The City Commissioners have not as
yet insisted on an extra fire hazard
tag on the red-haired man.
If a mother's mall-order catalogue
is missing, it may be found at the
nearest engine-house.
If it were not for an occasional
hanging in San Quentin, people would
lose hope.
pression from the letters by W. C. Ayls
worth. secretary of the city central
body and Moses Barltz of the dissen-
tloners, regarding Socialism and party
organization, published recently in The
Oregonian and the late controversy
regarding myself be taken as evidence
of general disruption in the state So
cialist organization, please allow me
to state, unofficially, that this is far
from being the case.
In fact, in my 16 years of first-hand
knowledge, the state within itself and
with the National party, has never been
more solidly united. The little flurry
regarding myself has burned out and a
minor election is now being held, prob
ably, as a consequence.
The note by secretary Aylsworth
was. no doubt. Intended to apply to the
Portland management and to my very
favorable co-operation. The city man
agement was never so well organised
and managed as now. These well-intending
but dissenting comrades never
did. sentimentally, belong to the party
organization. Their over-enthusiasm
will finally burn itself out and scien
tific Socialism and party organization
The Deutschland may be waitine- r-fr I be advanced thereby.
a fosr. . - C. W.
BARZEE.
What the Realty Dealers Said About
Their Home Towns in
T.he Sunday Oregonian
Stenographic reports of the 26 five-minute Epeeches, given in
a prize competition before the real estate dealers' big convention in
Portland this week, will be printed in full in The Sunday Oregonian.
They present the commercial and social attractions of 26 communi
ties in Oregon, Washington and Idaho. The oratorical contest was
one of the hits of the convention and the talks, in which a strict .
time limit was kept, are concise, breezy and convincing. Read them
tomorrow.
SOME TYPICAL MEXICANS This is a full-page description of a
few of the strange characters that the traveler meets down along
the Mexican border. There are vaqueros, peons, Indians, sheep
herders and dark-eyed senoritas. The story is illustrated by artists'
drawings. The whole provides interesting and timely study.
HOW UNCLE SAM FIGHTS DISEASE One of the most important
activities of the Government growing out of the threatened diffi
culties with Mexico is the precaution taken to protect the Army
' from disease. Every branch of the service is guarded and constant
vigilance is maintained. An Oregonian correspondent has just pre
pared a detailed story illustrated describing the methods pursued
to keep the soldiers well.
GERMANY'S GREAT FORTRESS This is. a story of the remarkable
protection that the Berlin government has thrown up along the
Meuse. An artist's drawings illustrate the tale.
WHO IS ORIGINAL AMERICANIST? This is the question that
Birsky and Zapp are tnying to answer this week They can't decide
whether it was Wilson, Hughes or Roosevelt, and Montague Glass
provides the reader with a lot of fun on the subject.
MORE POEMS TOMORROW Another page of "old favorite" poems
will be printed tomorrow. The Oregonian continues to receive con
tributions. Send yours along. It wjjl be printed.
THE IRON CLAW Here is another installment of the popular motion-picture
drama running in The Sunday Oregonian and at some
of the leading theaters.
SKETCHES FROM LIFE; Harry Temple has produced three more
realistic drawings illustrating some of the dramatic incidents in
every-day life.
WITH THE OREGON TROOPS The Oregonian is the only news
paper that has given an adequate account of the activities of the
Oregon soldiers on the Mexican border. Tomorrow the latest news
of the camps will be published, with illustrations.
PRESENT-DAY KLONDIKE Frank G. Carpenter has reached this
most interesting of all the Alaskan regions. He will tell tomorrow
how dredges and hydraulic giants are gathering gold overlooked
there by the miners in the great rush 20 years ago.
HERBERT KAUFMAN'S PAGE Many Oregonian readers are prof
iting mentally by reading the editorial contributions of Herbert
Kaufman which are an exclusive feature of the Sunday paper.
OTHER ATTRACTIONS Under this head may be included the sport--ing
section, the fresh reports from the mountains and beach resorts,
the motion-picture department, the automobile section, the comic
section and the usual variety of entertaining features.
i