TIIE ' 3I0RXIXG OREGONIAX, FRIDAY, JULY 14, 1916.
PORTLAND. OREGON.
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PORTLAND, FRIDAY, JVL.Y 1. ,1916.
TEACHERS' PENSIONS.
Certain defects in the system of
teachers' pensions adopted by the Car
negie Foundation are pointed out in
the annual report of the Foundation,
made through its president, Dr. Henry
S. Pritchett. The main discovered ob
jection, as might have been predicted,
was that the free pension was an
"evasion of economic responsibility."
The system established by the Foun
dation now affects seventy-three edu
cational institutions, and experience
has proved it to have been based on
sentimental rather than statistical
considerations, -with the result that it
may be confronted soon with the
necessity of appealing to the Carnegie
Corporation for more funds with which
to carry out its provisions on the
scale on which they have been be
gun. Another objection to the system
now in operation Is that It restricts
the migration of teachers from one
college to another. This is an unde
sirable restraint upon "the individual
liberty of the teacher. Still another
Is that no provision is made for the
widows of teachers nor for teachers
who become disabled before complet
ing the twenty-five or thirty years
'of service which would make them
eligible for the Carnegie pension. The
contention of Dr. Pritchett himself
that the system has the effect of evad
ing economic responsibility, is inter
woven "with this last-named objection,
practical experience has proved, it,
seems, that there are colleges which
take advantage of the pension prom
ise in arranging their salary sched
ules'. There is temptation, to offer the
teacher a little less in view of the fact
that his later years presumably are
to be provided for. But with this
smaller stipend he is that much less
able to lay by for the possibility that
he may break down before his allotted
term of service is up, and his widow
Is just that much poorer if he dies.
The situation-, however, is not with
out its hope of remedy. This is pro
posed in the form of "insurance at
cost," based on actuarial estimates,
for the teacher during the period of
his greatest risk the time of his ac
tual efficiency, when he is under the
same risk of death as the average man
and perhaps a little greater risk of
nervous collapse. This would be put
on a contractual basis; the Carnegie
Foundation would still continue to
contribute, as now, to the eventual
pension of the teacher, but it would
give the teacher a voice in the man
agement of the new system. The ob
jection of excessive paternalism, and
the charge that it is a "charity," would
be measurably met. There also would
be a tendency, it is believed, to do
away with the growing custom of
designating a fixed age for retire
ment, which has been found to be un
desirable. There are many teachers
whose value in their profession is not
impaired at the usual retirement age,
as everyone knows. A teachers' sav
ings association is to be created, as a
subsidiary, but membership would not
be compulsory nor a condition of en
joyment of other benefits. The main
idea would be to promote thrift; it
would' guarantee a fair rate of inter
est on accumulations and pay the ex
pense of administration.
Exposure of the defect that prom
ise of pension does in-some instances
operate in two (ways to the disadvan
tage of the prospective beneficiary was
to have been expected; it has only
been a little slow in coming. The one
phase, that colleges should have made
it the excuse for lower salaries, is a
iutie surprtsTngT but U waTaTmost a
foregone conclusion that there would-
be less incentive to save. Prudent
economy in life's business affairs is
not a sin; there is even, now a strong
demand, that a course in thrift shall
be included in the pra'ctical school cur
riculum. And the teacher who gives
no thought to the morrow is not in a
position to instruct the youth, in the
cardinal virtues of every-day economy
and business common sense.
MORE BEEF AT HIGH PRICES.
While a late report of the Depart
ment of Agriculture announces a
gradual expansion in cattle produc
tion in the United States in the last
two years, there is no immediate pros
pect of a decline in the price of beef.
Expansion of beef production is not
yet keeping- pace with growth of popu
lation. The condition is world-wide.
In none of the principal meat-exporting
countries -Argentina, Australia,
Canada, Mexico, Xew Zealand and
Uruguay is the- number . of cattle
much more than holding its own, ex
cept in New Zealand, where the in
crease is not large and the relative
importance of beef exports small.
The United States consumes more
meat per capita than any other coun
try in the world, with the exception of
Australia and New Zealand. We eat
twice as much meat as the Germans
do normally, while the normal con
sumption in Russia, Great Britain and
France is less than that of Germany.
As to cattle, we had on January 1,
1916, 61,441,000 on farms and ranges
and a human population of about 100.
000,000. Compare this with Argen
tina with 28,000.000 cattle in 1913 and
a population of 7,200,000. Being large
meat eaters, we now import more
beef than we export.
AHhough the . population 08 the
country has increased about 10,000,000
in the last decade, receipts of cattle in
1914 at the stockyards of Chicago,
Kansas City, Omaha, Sioux City, St.
Louis, St. Paul and St. Joseph were
fewer than in 1904 by more than
000,000.
There has also been a persistent in-,
crease in the number of hogs raised
during the last few years, except at
such periods that disease made in
roads on the stock. The number of
sheep, however, is decreasing. Sheep
receipts, however, show the only m.ate-
rial Increase at the stock yards men
tioned in the ten-year period.
While it may be inferred that the
people of the United States would be
better pff both financially and physi
cally if they ate less meat, large con
sumption of meat does not point out
the only defect in our habits of thrift
and health preservation. The average
family in its daily menu leans to va
riety, quantity and excellence of raw
material, no matter what may be said
about the quality of. the. cooking.
American prodigality begins with the
stomach and runs through the list
from clothing to amusements.
TEllOW "XOX-PARTrSANSHIP."
"Caution Is All Hughes Has 60 Far Pre
sented." "Crane Picked Hughes Long Ago."
"Marshall Picked as Most popular Vice-Pres-lilential
Possibility." "T. R. Dines with
Baptist Hypocrite.'" These few headings
picked at random are not titles for edi
torial screeds in a Democratic paper. Xf
they were, they might be Justified. They
are headings on news articles, in a self
styled "nonpartisan" newspaper. You can
have just one guess as to what the paper's
name is. Corvallis Gazette-Times.
It is the same paper that repeats
ceaselessly the falsehood that Hughes
is "for war" and that the Republican
party is "for war" and that The Ore
gonian is -"for war."
Here follows a clear definition of
The Oregonian's attitude toward Mex
ico and toward any other such nation,
or people, or government which has
murdered American citizens, destroyed
American property and assailed Amer
ican sovereignty:
I take this opportunity to inform you
that this Government would, have for its
object, not intervention in Mexican af
fairs, with all the regrettable- consequences
which might result from such si policy, but
the defense of American territory from
further invasion by bands of armed Mexi
cans, protection of American citizens and
property along the boundary from outrages
committed, by such bandits, and the pre
vention of future depredations by force of
arms against the marauders infesting this
region, and sarainst a frovernment which is
encnuragiujr and aiding; tnein In their hos
tilities. The Oregonian invites any of its
"non-partisan" friends to reproduce
from its columns any challenge to con
flict with Mexico, or any power, so
explicit and defiant a threat "by
force of arms" against the de facto
government of Mexico.
Yet The Oregonian would have it
understood that it approves this pa
triotic attitude of the. Wilson Admin
istration, voiced in the note of Sec
retary of State Lansing to the South
American powers. f
PRESIDENT COST'S SERVICE.
The retirement of Mr. C. C. Colt as
president of the Chamber of Com
merce calls for an expression of ap
preciation for the valuable and con
scientious service he has rendered
that organization and the community
during his incumbency. The consoli
dation of the old Chamber and the
Commercial Club was achieved under
President Colt. It took place in re
sponse to a general sentiment that
more efficient work could be per
formed by a single body; and the
results are in accord with that view.
It is true that there has been some
difficulty in getting the greater or
ganization in good working order; and
undoubtedly mistakes have been made.
It is not yet certain whether or not
the scheme of many bureaus "with
many heads is not too elaborate; but
the idea of co-relation of many public
activities, and putting many efficient
men to work at many necessary tasks,
all under a single general director, is
undoubtedly sound.
There has been a somewhat too gen
eral expectation that the Chamber
would at once accomplish many things
much needed by Portland and Oregon,
yet the attitude of the public toward
the Chamber continues favorable, and
even enthusiastic, with a better un
derstanding, perhaps, as to what can
be and what cannot be done. Presi
dent Colt has given much time, much
energy, much tact, much patience, and
much intelligence to the Chamber, for
which T.he public ought to be, and
doubtless is, grateful.
The election of Mr. O. M. Clark to
succeed President Colt, 'by unanimous
vote of the directors, was a deserved
recognition of a citizen who has done
much public work, and done it well.
Mr. Clark is fit for large tasks, and
is not dismayed by responsibilities nor
discouraged by difficulties. The con
tinued usefulness of the Chamber of
Commerce is assured under his com
petent leadership.
REMEDY FOR tYNCHINGS.
Stung to action by widespread criti
cism of their state because of its seem
ing inability to check growing lawless
ness in the form of lynchings, Geor
gians are determined to find and im
pose a remedy. This is not so easy as
might appear on the surface. "En
force the law" comes easily from the
"J bi" J?""".
cate public sentiment," another fa
vorite phrase of those who think shal.
lowly, proves a mere tinkling cymbal.
Lynchings go on while public senti
ment is belns educated. Reform of
the Judicial system would come slowly
if at all, and it is not enough to say
that Juries should convict more
promptly. Juries 'are 'what they are,
and despite their defects there is little
or no sentiment that would go so far
as to abolish them. The want is a
remedy which strikes hard, goes to
the depths and can be enforced.
There appears to be strong senti
ment behind a measure pending in the
Georgia Legislature which puts re
sponsibility directly on the Sheriff of
the county in which a lynching occurs.
It is proposed not only that this of
ficial shall be removed from office
by the Governor upon a showing that
he has failed to prevent a lynching in
his county, but that he shall be dis
qualified for the rest of his life 'from
holding office. It is admitted by the
proponents "that this is drastic, but
that is regarded as a point In its
favor. Objections that the penalty
would be unjust to an officer who had
done his best to protect the life of a
prisoner and perhaps suffered wounds
are met by a provision of the proposed
law that he shall have an opportunity
to satisfy the Governor that the lynch,
erg succeeded in accomplishing their
design only after the most strenuous
efforts on the Sheriff's part to prevent
it. Thus, responsibility in the larger
sense 13 shifted to the y:hlef executive
of the state.
To a greater extent than would be
true of any other official, the Gover
nor may be said to represent, the ma
ture sentiment of the entire state.
He might not be insensible to the ef
fect of his action upon voters, but he
would be less influenced by locally in
flamed sentiment. If the people of
Georgia are sincere In their professed
desire to free the state from the stigma
now upon it, they would have an op
portunity to do so by supporting a
Governor they knew would call to in
stant account any Sheriff who per
mitted this form of lawlessness to con
tinue. The theory of the proposed bill is
based, and we believe correctly, on
belief that a good proportion of
lynchings are. the. result of at least
clals sworn to uphold the law. There
are some exceptions, to be sure, but
the rule, broadly speaking, holds
good. The power of a vigilant and
determined. Sheriff is exceedingly
great. Fewer mobs "would be formed
if it were known in advance that their
chances of carrying out a lawless pur
pose, were small. Mobs do not often
assume great personal risk, known in
advance. The Sheriff who is con
fronted with the penalty of disquali
fication for life is likely to fight for
his prisoner if there is any fight in
him. The plan, for obvious reasons,
is more effective than existing laws
which contemplate trial of the negli
gent official for malfeasance before a
Jury in his own bailiwick.
Georgia now has a chance to prove
the sincerity of its assertions that the
people as a whole desire that lynching
shall be stopped. The unenviable no
toriety which the state has won in the
recent past has stung its best citizens
sorely; we shall see whether the peo
ple as a whole are as sensitive on the
subject of the good reputation and the
honor of the state.
I.ET US KEEP THE OLD NAMES.
Des Moines, Iowa, has become in
fected with that species of snobbery
which inspires shame of homely, fa
miliar names. The city stands neaf
the confluence of the Des Moines and
Raccoon rivers, and custom has ab
breviated the name of the latter stream
to Coon River. Some citizens of the
Iowa capital would change the name
to Bonnie Doone, or Adel or even
Peneuch.
What would be the feelings of some
wandering Iowan who returned after
many years to his old haunts and
whose mention of Coon River was met
with a blank stare of noncomprehen-
sion? How "long a schooling would
teach the Des Moines boys that Coon
River was no more and that Adel
River had- taken its place? Is not the
swimming or the fishing as good in
Coon River as it ever could be in the
same river by any other name? What's
in a name? Memory, association with
events and incidents of childhood,
softened and sweetened by lapse of
years.
There Is a class of finicky sentimen
talists and professed lovers of eupho
nious sounds which continuously tries
to supplant the old Anglo-Saxon or
Indian names with newfangled, mean
ingless French, Italian or Spanish
sounding names. Even when a nanTe
is appropriately descriptive, they pre
fer the Spanish or Italian equivalent.
To them Aguas Calientes is sweet mel
ody, though it only means Hot Water.
-Let us cling to the names which
were given by the "Indians and pio
neers. To us Tillamook, Klamath,
Clatskanle, Neahkahnie, even Scap
poose have a familiar charm, while
such names as Umatilla, Wallula or
Wallowa are euphony itself. Nor'
would we rob the dwellers on Puget
Sound of their Snoqualmie, Snohomish,
Stillaguamish, Skykomish, while even
Squak, Duckabush and Queets are not
to be despised. Let no pedantic word
monger commit sacrilege with that
which memory has fixed in our af
fections. LATEST PJIASES OF POWER PROBLEM.
That Senate and House leaders at
least are getting closer together on the
bill for development of water power
on navigable streams is apparent from
the speech made by Representative
Adamson in introducing his substitute
for the Shields bill. He called atten
tion to two points of hopeless dis
agreement. The Senate insists that
authority be given the Secretary of
War to approve plans and specifica
tions for power plants without a spe
cial grant by Congress in. each case,
a proposition to which, Mr. Adamson
says, the House would never agree.
As to the other point of disagreement
he said:
The House has heretofore Insisted mildly
on a proposition that I do not believe the
Senate would ever agree to. and that is. to
impose upon the approval of each set of
plans and specifications an uncertain, in
definite Kederal tax. to be periodically ad
justed at the pleasure of the War Depart
ment, which would forever, in my Judgment,
deter capital from Investment.
The first point of difference shows
a disposition of the House to cling to
authority which is far better entrusted
to an executive officer. If . a special
law must be passed approving every
water-tower contract made by the
Secretary of War, the questions now
in controversy will be raised repeated
ly, endless delays will result and de
velopment will be deterred. The in
efficiency and waste of our Govern
ment arise largely from the unwill
ingness of Congress, especially the
House, to delegate authority to execu
tive officers, after having laid down
general rules and a general policy for
their guidance. Had Congress been
less tenacious of its authority, we
might have had already a well-Improved
system of waterways, developed
water power, public buildings only
where they save rent equal to interest
on their cost. Army posts and Navy
yards only where they are useful, and
an adequate, well-balanced Army and
Navy. These things are possible by
legislative definition of policies and of
general terms for their execution
combined with executive working out
of their details. Our notorious fail
ures aTe due chiefly to attempts by
the legislative body to do that which
Is naturally the function of the execu
tive.
The manner in which Mr. Adamson
stated the second point of disagree
ment shows that he realizes the im
possibility of procuring development
if Congress insists on dictating terms
which capital will not accept. The
subsequent discussion revealed the
same errors as to first principles
which' have underlain the Federalist
argument throughout the water-power
controversy and which are mainly re
sponsible for blocking development.
These errors are the assumption that
the National Government has complete
Jurisdiction over navigable water for
all purposes; that if no charge were
made for gTants of power sites, the
developers -would make exorbitant
profits; and that, if a charge were
made, it -would be paid by the power
company without being passed on to
the consumer.
The Federal authority over naviga
ble streams is limited to protection
and improvement of navigation; for
all other purposes, Including power,
authority rests in the states. Congress
has authority to provide for erection
of dams for the combined purposes of
navigation and power. It may, as the
Shields bill provides, require free serv.
ice of locks and dams for navigation
as a condition of Its consent to their
erection for power purposes, but it
may not legislate as to terms on which
power shall be developed and sold
The latter authority belongs to the
states, as the courts have held and
as the Shields bill recognizes.
Having usurped this authority of
the states, the leaders of both parties
in the House . propose that Congress
exercise It by imposing a tax on power
developed on navigable streams. - In
spite of the fact that public regular
tion restricts profits Jo. reasonable
percentage over legitimate expenses,
it is -assumed that power companies
would make undue profits were no
charge imposed.
' The Federalists contend that, where
water power competes with steam
power, a tax should be laid on water
power nearly equivalent to its lower
cost of production. That policy would
result in no tax at all, or in a very
light tax, in the East and South, where
coal is abundant and cheap and where
power is often generated, by steam
more cheaply than by water, and in a
high tax in the West, where water
power is abundant and where coal is
scarce and dear.
Such a charge would have the ef
fect of a tariff protecting products of
Eastern and Southern steam power
against the competition of products of
Western water power. It would de
prive the West of any advantage it
might derive from its abundant water
power in compensation for its relative
scarcity of coal. The tax would fall
on practically .all Western industry,
for the largest future ur of water
power wilrbe in' manufacturing and in
agriculture through irrigation. A hy
droelectric plant at Celllo, where sev
eral hundred million horsepower may
be developed,' might be required to
pay a tax equal to the difference in
cost of generation by water power and
steam at that point. The Columbia
basin would then be deprived of the
benefit to be derived from its power.
Distance has the effect of protecting
Eastern manufacturers against Pacific
Coast competition, but cheap power
would nullify that protection... The
proposed tax would perpetuate it.
Considering the persistence of the
execrated dandelions. In the face of
the efforts of householders to remove
them from the lawns they desecrate,
It Is a little surprising to learn that
the roots have doubled In price on ac
count of the war In Europe, because
we have depended on the central em
pires for our principal supply for medi
cinal, purposes. Known botanlcally by
the more formidable name, taraxacum
taraxacum, its common synonym, is a
corruption of the French Vdent de
lion," from the fancied resemblance
of the leaves to a lion's tooth. The
root yields an active principle called
taraxlcin. and as a medicine the in
fusion made from the plant is valued
by some physicians for its tonic prop
erties and for its effect on the liver
and the digestive organs generally. It
is also used In times of stress as a
substitute for coffee but there is no
prospect that it will supplant that
beverage. Certain considerations of
technic In growing and preparing the
roots for medicinal use preclude
reasonable probability that there
will be an extensive market for the
common or lawn variety; growers of
the plant for market cultivate it in
fields by itself and make a business
of it.
The United States promises to lead
In one aspect of reconstruction work
after the war In Europe through de
velopment to a high degree of the in
dustry of manufacturing artificial
limbs. This already Is attaining im
portant proportions in Eastern cities,
with the added advantage of the In
vention by an American mechanic of
a set of fingers which can be moved
mechanically and will grasp an ob
ject nearly as well as does the human
hand. The "fingers" are made of
slender bits of steei, so connected with
the elbow or the shoulder that a
movement of-the upper member ma
nipulates the artificial -one and causes
it to take hold or let go at will. Faith
of many persons who have offered
financial backing for the enterprise
on a basis that will. permit distribution
at a relatively small cost Is regarded
as a strong Indication that the device
is practical.
Here Is a problem in arithmetic for
a high-school boy: If it takes the
United States three weeks to assem
ble 60,000 National Guardsmen on the
Mexican border, how long would it
fake to marshal 500.000 men on either
coast? The War College estimates
that an invading army could land
within three weeks, and that our only
means of gaining more time would be
the Navy. This is the measure of
preparedness we have attained after
a two-years' object lesson and agita
tion. Then how long will it take us
to become actually prepared?
There is a fine opportunity for the
American successors of the blockade-
runners of the '60s in the building of
commercial submarines. This country
has the material, the inventors and
the skilled workmen, and may be able
to overcome the difficulties of build
ing large boats which submerge rap
idly. So long as ships remain .scarce
and freights high, submarine freight
carriers may be extremely profitable.
When peace renders their use in com.
merce no longer profitable, the United
States Navy may find use for them.
The last-ditch Progressives are as
vociferous but as "few as were the
middle - of - the - road Populists who
stood out against fusion nearly twen
ty years ago. The issues now before
the people admit of only two parties.
Gresham sets the pace of Portland's
progressive suburbs by paving Its
streets. As other towns iouow its
lead, nothing will remain for the coun
ty to do except to pave the gaps be
tween towns.
Being a stubborn lot In the matter
f lnvoltv "!ana.dian nrisonera in Ger
many will not be forced into making
munitions. They 11 go to jail iirst.
and go they do.
Natives of Harney "Valley who never
saw a locomotive until recently have
not seen all. Walt until a big rail
road circus, with elephants and things,
arrives!
In the middle of Summer what can
the East expect but withering heat
That is why those who can. afford, the
trip come to the Pacific Coast.
Tiin Bf otiaf (Man f ttl 73lirpn.ll of
Labor finds the cost of living is a
point less than two years ago. e
must be a bachelor.
Making furious drives simultaneous,
ly at Germany, 'Austria and Turkey,
Russia is a very busy bear.
It is an actual fact that Dr. Lyman
is in the Federal prison at Atlanta,
but it is hard to believe.
That maneater off the New Jersey
shore will expect regular meals now.
Goethals work is done and no doubt
he is glad to let go.
A rising mercury will make Con
gress adjourn.
Mount Lassen is stoking
tourist travel.
up for
How to Keep Well
By Dr. W. A. Evans.
Questions pertinent to hygiene, sanitation
and prevention of disease, It matters of gen
eral Interest, will be answered in this col
umn. Where space will not permit or the
subject is not suitable, letter will be per
sonally answered, subject to proper limita
tions and where stamped addressed en
velop Is Inclosed. Ir. Evans will not make
diagnosis or prescribe for Individual dls
easea. Requests for such service cannot be
answered.
(Copyright, 101S by Dr. "W. A. Evans.
Published by arrangement with the Chicago
Tribune.)
Imitating; the Faker.
'To catch the man who Is already In
terested Js easy. It's the man wno
doesn't care a hang that we've got
to get."
The above quotation Is from La Toi
lette's Magazine. It Is a statement
made by Theodore J. Werle. a man who
operates a 20th century open-air medi
cine show. '
Werle has a rather heavy, very sub
stantial motorcycle. He sits in the
driver's seat. Behind him sits hi lan
tern operator. Strapped to the machine
is a bundle in which he has a few sup
plies, a tent, a projection lantern and
lides, a curtain, and a lot. of posters.
handbills and circulars. -
With this outfit he reaches corners
of the country not easily accessible by
railroad. Whenever he runs across a
crowd at a country store he stops, un
packs, sets up his lantern, shows some
pictures, gives a lecture, distributes
some circulars, tacks up some posters
and moves on.
Or he runs into a crossroads town.
He stops and parks his motorcycle. The
crowd, takes languid notice. He puts
up his tent. The crowd begins to gather
around. He hangs his curtain against
the side of a store. Interest and curi
osity Increase. Ho distributes his cir
culars, sticks up his posters and an
nounces his meeting. He adopts all of
the methods of the old-time medicine
faker, except the 'medicine and the
faking.
When he has caught the attention of
the careless and indifferent he begins
his story. In the main his story re
lates to how to live so as not to get
consumption. Incidentally he tells them
what should cause One to suspect that
he has consumption. Or he may talk
about ventilation or school hygiene.
Hs started out on one campaign with
several thousand patterns for baby
dresses. He called at homes of farm
ers and country merchants distributing
patterns free and throwing In some
information on the care and feeding of
babies for good measure the lagnlappe
of the Creoles.
Werle gives away healtft. He gives
it to the people who are not especially
Interested the fellows who will buy
a bottle of Indian blood purifier Just
because the fellow at the medicine
show is a good spieler.
This work is under the Wisconsin
Antl-Tu.berculosia Society. The plans
of that society for giving away health
are largely due to Dr. H. E. Dearholt,
the secretary of that society. In their
last annual report, published in the
Crusader, there is a diagram which
shows that the number of deaths from
consumption in 1914 was 2314.. whereas
had the 1908 rate prevailed In 1914 the
number of deaths from this disease
would have been 2672.
"Dry Catarrh."
Hall writes: "I am a victim of dry
catarrh in my head, nose, throat and
bronchial tubes which troubles me 1
great deal. Any exertion, such as or
dlnary fast walking, even only three
or four blocks, or sweeping and shak
ing my two small rugs causes me dif
ficult breathing and more or less
headache, which seems to be getting
worse. The last four months I have
had almost continual headache.
"I have been for nine years and am
yet a daily consumer of catarrh Jelly;
best on the market to be had; prac
tically live out of doors all Summer;
walk as much as possible, very slow.
which it must bet.
"Please give me your advice. If
change of climate It must be. how is
the state of Kansas? Kindly inform
me of the beet states."
REPLY.
l"do not know what is dry catarrh. There
is no such disease. If you mean by dry
catarrh bronchial asthma. Kansas will not
help you. The climate of Southern Cali
fornia is about as good as any, but climate
Is of limited service In the treatment of
asthma. If you have been taking catarrh
jelly for nine years don't you think It Is
time to stop? It is doing you no good. It
could not benefit asthma. Does it contain
cocaine? Many have contracted the cocaine
habit through taking catarrh remedies.
Too Fleshy.
J. S. M. writes: "Why am I ao fleshy?
Up to one year ago 165 pounds was the
limit; now I weigh 1S7. I am nearly
80. a small eater and do but very little
work. I eat Just a fair dinner, and for
the other two meals I eat less than a
pint of milk and bread at each meal.
The milk seems to. agree with me and
I like it. Should I change to some
thing else? If so. kindly state what.
My stomach bothers me very much. It
Is weak and my food sours often."
REPLY.
Tou are nearlng the aga when the ten
dency is to loss of weight through drying
out and hardening of the tissues. Therefore.
do not try very strenuously to reduce. Try
to hold your present weight, but not to
gain more. Nothing Is mora fattening than
milk and bread. Therefore, leave off the
milk and decrease the amount of bread to
two-thirds. Live largely oa fruits and Teg
etables. If you begin to lose flesh increase
your allowance of bread and take some milk.
Gallstones.
A. G. C. writes: "I would like to ask
your Judgment concerning treatment of
gallstones. Patient Is 7S years of age
and usually has attacks every six or
seven months. He has bad five or six
attacks, rbyslclan says operate. What
would you advise in the way of treat
ment, including diet? Patient with
gallstones has strong heart and luna.
but a little high blood pressure."
' " REPLY. '
If your physician has found your organs
sound and advises operation. I think you
had better take the advice. No medicine
and no diet will influence the course of the
aisease.
Word Not In Dictionary.
SALEM. Or.. July 12 (To the Ed
Itor.) Will you settle a Question, bv
giving a definition which we cannot
find in any dictionary in town, but
which Is said to be a now common
word? Just what la the meanlnsr of
the word mortician? Is It correct as a
synonym for undertaker or funeral
director? A. WILLIAMS.
Undertakers say the word mortician
is sometimes used in this sense. It
does not, however, appear In any of
the standard dictionaries at the Port
land Library. It is hard to define the
exact limit of usage for strictly tech
nical terms. New words constantly
are coined to fit the exigencies of
technical expression. Undertaker or
funeral director probably would be
considered better English,
MAX IX CASE IS responsible
Plea Made for Stricter Laws to Protect
Virtue of Young; Girls.
DALLAS, or., July 12. (To the Edl-
tor.) Your editorial entitled "The
Moral in the Orpet Case" was both in
teresting and instructive, but I think
that you overlooked an opportunity in
the discussion of this case to comment
on responsibility that should attach to
one who Is admittedly guilty of robbing
an Innocent girl of her chastity. If
when Orpet commenced his relations
with Marlon Lambert she was a pure
and chaste girl and. through his mani
festations of love, she was led to sub
mit to the ruination of her virtue, Or
pet Is responsible, for the same. If. by
reason of mental agony suffered on
account of her betrayal, Marion Lam
bert s mind became temporarily unbal
anced and she took her own life, should
the responsibility shirt, to her shoul
ders? Where does Orpet'a responsibil
ity leave off and hers begin? Virtue
Is woman's greatest possession, and
when once lost it can never be re-,
gained. It forms the very foundation
stone of morality, and without It what
would society amount to?
It is sad but true that the weaker
ex are prone to rely too much upon
the honor and integrity of man. Many
times are innocent girls led to their
ruin by the animal in man. the true
status of man's feeling being hid from
her by fervent love-making and osten
sible offers or promises of marriage.
Once caused to take the leap in the
dark, the girl of refined sensibilities.
good education and a well-developed
Idea of morality must, of necessity.
suffer many pangs of regret. It is a
matter of common knowledge the suf
fering such a girl undergoes. If the
one who betrayed her remains true.
he is caved to an extent; if he plays
false, her life is ruined forever. To
some the mental torture la so (treat
that only death can relieve them; to
others the torture Is such that they
seek to rid themselves of It by sinking
lower and lower in the .moral scale
and die a living death.
Of the two the first method of cure
la perhaps the easiest and perhaps the
best for the individual and for society.
But where does the blame rest? Are we
going to relieve the "animal" from the
burde-n of his wronftful act? Is he not
the direct cause, leaving out of consid
eration the legal ideas of remote and
proximate causes, and the doctrine of
the "last clear chance?" From his
wrongful act the whole tragedy en
sued. Therefore, It would seem that
the law. In Just protection of society,
and particularly in the protection of
the weaker sex from the wiles of anl
man man, should hold him accountable.
Orpet should not escape responsibil
ity for his wrong, even though Marlon
Lambert committed suicide. He is
guilty of a crime against this Klrl. as
well as against the moral standards of
the social compact. Perhaps the stat
utes of . Illinois provide no adequate
penalty and it is doubtful if any other
state in the Union provides an adequate
penalty. But this is not a matter for
study; Is It not a problem that needs
solution? - AMICUS CURIAE.
WAS TIME AT PIANO WASTED?
Girl Who Practiced While Mother
Drudged Criticised by Writer.
PORTLAND, July 13. (To the Edl-
tor.) I was acquainted with a tired
mother. She had three sons and one
daughter. The most of the girls in
the neighborhood had pianos and music
teachers, and. of course, this only
daughter must have a piano.
Practice was kept up for years. This
fond mother said there had to be six
hours' practice every day. The mother
did all the drudgery about the house
and never thought of letting Jennie
scrub, sweep or do any of the family
washing. It would make this young
ladv's fingers stiff and rough.
But I thought of this lonesome mother
in the kitchen doing the housework,
while Jennie, of course, had to stay in
the parlor hammering away on that
piano.
The only comfort the mother could
possibly get out of that eternal noise
was that some day Jennie could enter
tain her friends by furnishing the
music.
There was no time for the comfort
able, confident chats or interchange of
thoughts, ideas or wishes.
Just as soon as the practicing days
were over Jennie was married, the
"grand" piano was moved to the new
home. But no one ever thought of
opening that instrument any more: it
was simply an awkward, useless piece
of furniture.
Is it worth while to waste so many
precious hours of a young girl's life In
such a useless accomplishment s was
evidenced In this case?
MRS. MATTIE B. ROSS.
ROAD BETTER THAN LAST YEAR
II I Kb. Water Mskci Temporary Gs Be
tween Aberdeen and Portland.
ABERDEEN. Wash., July 12. (To
the Editor.) Please tell me how the
roads are between Aberdeen. Wash.,
and Portland.' and if one would neces
sarily have to cross the ferry at Ka
lama. We made the trip last Summer
and the roads were bad then. There
was a great stretch of crushed rock
road that was hard to travel and also
hard on the tires. SUBSCRIBER.
The general condition of the Pacific
Highway from Washington points to
Portland is much better than it was
last year, but the recent high water
has rendered the roadway between
Kelso and Kalama Impassable for the
time being. It is now necessary to take
the ferry at Carroll's Point for Goble
and pay a ferry charge of $4 for the
extra long haul. Prior to the recent
storms the better route was through
Kalama, Woodland, La Center and Van
couver, where the ferry charge Is 25
cents leading to Portland. Construc
tion work Is in progress in a few
places, notably between Centralis and
Chehalis, where a detour must bs made,
but there should be no trouble getting
through from the connection with the
Pacific- Highway at Olympla.
MISSOURIAN DEFENDS THAT STATE
Charsre Asralnst Poultry Keepers
Arouses Deep f ndlarnatlon.
PORTLAND. July 13. (To the EU1
tor.) Missouri ana Aiissourians are
guilty of many crimes against society,
If one may judge by what one reads.
Generally, I laugh at the accusations,
but when I read, as I did this morning,
that Missouri poultry. raisers often
sew their hens' eyes shut. I am Indig
nant. I spent most of my life In that
much-maligned state, among poultry
keepers, too, and I never heard of such
a custom. I am sure the woman in
question never saw this cruelty prac
ticed In Missouri, or anywhere else
this side of hades, and 15 fine seems
mighty small punishment for such
brutality toward a dumb animal.
Most people don't wilfully torture
animals and yet these warm days there
are many iowis witnout cold, iresh
water and adequate shade. Then, un
less one is eternally vigi)ant, the
mighty mite is making- life miserable
for the Diddles at night.
It is so easy to neglect things that
cannot tell us their needs. A little
care and thought, and the grateful
hens will more than reward their own
ers by an increase In nice fresh cackle
berries. "MISSOURI."
Water-Color Contest.
PORTLAND. July 12. (To the Edl
tor.) Please explain through the col
umns of The Oregonian the water-
color contest- D. M.
The trms of the contest are fully
explained In the advertising page given
to that subject in The Oregonian of
Monday.
In Other Days.
Twenty-fl-re Tram Ago. -
From The Orrgonlan of July It. lSt. - '
London. July 13. Herr Brandt, of Co- -.
logne. one of the best known railway
engineers and constructors In Germany,
haa been intruated with the construc
tion of the first railway to be built lr
China.
Los Angeles, July 13. News has been
received here that the Huntington and
Searles interests, carrying the control
of the Southern Pacific, had been ac
quired by the Standard Oil Company,
and that Rockefeller. Paine. Brice
Thomaa and others are expected to Into
the directorate of the company Sep
tember 1.
Detcctlves Simmons and Day yester
day arrested Albert Davis, wanted in.
Tacoma for the theft of some Jewelry.
Bids for the construction of th
Chamber of Commerce building will be
opened today at 2 o'clock.
In the company of "The Lilliputians.'
who open at the Marquam Grand next
Monday evening, there will appear a
grand ballet of 100 members.
D. P. Thompson returned from a flv-
Ing trip to California on the steamer
Columbia. Hia health was not Improved
by the trip and he is not as well as
usual.
The funeral services of the late Cap
tain J. M. Gilman will take place at
the Unitarian Church this afternoon at
2:30 o'clock. Rev. T. L. Eliot will con
duct the services.
Half a Century Age.
From The Oregonian of July 14, 1S4
General George B. McClellan. who is
still in Europe, gives it as his opinion
that, in the war between Prussia and
Austria. "Prussia must go to the wall."
News cornea to this city from Idaho)
that the Revenue Ledge In War Eagle
Mountain has been sold to a Phila
delphia company by Governor Curry
for 125.000. .
The river is still at a high stage, but
is falling rapidly. The bark A. A. Eld
ridge. Captain Abbott, with Sandwich
Islands freight consigned to McCrakrn.
Merrill & v.. is anchored off in the
stream, being unablo to discharge at
her usual landing place.
Information from several parts of
Idaho is to the effect that the crickets
have done a great amount of damage.
One farmer on Reynolds Creek lost
S000 worth of vegetables by them i-e
two days.
San Francisco. July IS. The Enter
prise and Gold and Silver Mining Co.
filed a certificate of Incorporation to
day. They propose working the En
terprise mine in Meadow Lake of the
Excelsior district in Nevada county.
The capital stock of the company is
fl. 500. 000.
Messrs. Lappeus and Knowlcs are
adding a balcony to Oro Fino hall. Port
land can now boast of a place to give
musical and other entertainments which
is aeat and comfortable.
The annual examinations at Willam
ette University began July 12. and will
continue until the nineteenth.
SUNDAY
CLOSING IS OPPOSED
Sir. Cottrell Asks Liberty to Be er Not
to Be Religions.
PORTLAND. July 13. (To the Edi
tor.) I was pleased to learn from a
statement made in The Oregonian by
Mr. G. L. Tufts, superintendent of the
Weekly Rest Day League, that his Sun
day rest bill would not be initiated.
The reason given therefor was that in
asmuch as Mr. Kellaher's initiative bill
to repeal the existing Sunday blue law
would be on the ballot, the board of his
"leas-ue" had decided it would" be bet
ter to withdraw their measure than to '
have two Sunday bills before the voters
at the same time. Wise conclusion, es
pecially so if they did not secure suf
ficient signatures to meet the require
ments of the law. It would be still
better if the league would decide never
to throw its influence again on the
side of enacting a Sunday law or any
other religious law; but leave free cit
izent. in a free country, free to choose
In questions of conscience and religion,
as doubtless each member of the Rest
Day League is doing relatively to his
personal rest at the present time.
Mr. Tufts appears to think that it is
the duty of the Sunday-closing league
to throw all their strength in opposition
to Senator Kellaher s repeal measure,
and if possible defeat it. and. if defeat
ed, "then we will ask the next Legis
lature," said he. "to amend the exist
ing law so as to make an up-to-date,
effective statute, free from any unjust
discriminations." Oregonian, July ,
1916.
If, as our superintendent suggests. It
may be possible that the Legislature at
Its next session will be asked so to
amend the present Sunday law that it
will be "free from any unjust discrim
inations," it must be admitted in all
fairness, according to the gentleman's
own opinion, that at the present time
the law of forced Sunday closing I
both unjust and discriminatory. Every
true American citizen, therefore, in
cluding the members of the league,
should vote in the November election
for the repeal of the "unjust and dis
criminatory" rcligio-civil law, and
stand for what our National emblem.
Old Glory, represents, namely, the lib
erty of choice to be or not to be re
ligious. H- W. COTTRELL.
Single Allowance of I.lquor.
PORTLAND. July 12. (To the Edi
tor.) Three of us. brothers, all single.
make our home with an aunt, paying;
for our board and lodging. Is each one
of us entitled to avail ourselves of the
monthly allowance of liquor?
SUBSCRIBER.
Tou are entitled to only one allow
ance of liquor, according to the con
struction put on the prohibition law by
the District Attorney's office. As the
law reads, "a person or family" Is en
titled to an allowance. Deputy District
Attorney Ryan, who handles the ma-.
Jorlty of the liquor cases, expressed the
belief that you would come under the
head of 'family" in the circumstances
mentioned.
Training ef Nurses.
SALEM. Or.. July 12. (To the Ed
itor.) riease Inform me the cost to
take training as a nurse.
MART WELLS.
Literature on this subject can be ob
tained by writing to a nurse's training
school. The St. Vincent's and Good
Samaritan hospitals. In Portland,
have nurse's training schools in con-,
nection. No tuition is asked in either
school. In addition. the student
nurses are provided with free board,
lodging and laundry. They also re
ceive a salary about sufficient to pay
for their books.
Bert Baxter's Mother Wants Him.
DAVENPORT. Wash.. July 11. (To
the Editor.) Will you please try to
find my boy? Ha is 28 years old. His
name Is Bert Baxter. When I Jaat
heard of him he was In Portland. That
wa last December. Bert has never
written to me sines May. 1915. I am
worried about him. I am his mother.
MRS. MARTHA BAXTER..
Count In (iime of Horseshoes.
ST. PAUL. Or.. July 13. (To the Ed
itor.) In a game of horseshoes: - Jt A
throws a single and B throws two
leaners, who counts? SUBSCRIBER.
B counts one.
tacit, coaniYanc on the, part or ottl