10
THE 3IOKNTNG OREGOXA!T, TTJESDAT. JTJXE 27, 1916.
, FORTLA5D, OREGON.
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FOBKLaM), TUESDAY, JXE 27, IB 16.
I 1
I DUTY AND PATRIOTISM.
"Theodore Roosevelt is a patriot a
great patriot. If there is a greatest
patriot, The Oregonian would not
ihesitate to bestow the title upon
"Roosevelt; but in a Nation, of many
patriots many million patriots It
would be Invidious to measure patriot,
tim by the size of the man.
The Oregonian has heretofore said
that it has looked upon Theodore
Roosevelt as the ultimate American.
"When he was asked if he was a can
didate for President, he said the Re
publican convention should not nomi
nate him If it were not in "a heroic
Imood." Yet he was accused by un
thinking and prejudiced critics of
courting the Republican nomination
and shaping his course to that end.
To The Oregonian it has all alxng
appeared that Theodore Roosevelt
had phrased - his words and planned
3us actions, during eighteen months,
without reference vto the political con
sequences to himself. If he was mere
ly playing politics it was the worst
possible politics: and Roosevelt is not
a poor politician.
But what a miserable imputation
upon his honesty, a shocking travesty
upon obvious truth, to say that he
was speaking, writing, acting, as a
jolitician! -
"I am not, said Roosevelt in Janu
ary, thinking of myself. Clearly he
was not. He was thinking of his
country. For it he put aside all per
sonal ambition and sought to arouse
It to a sense of its responsibilities and
perils.
Let anyone read the Roosevelt let
ter, printed today, and say if he can
that Roosevelt hafe not performed a
deliberate act of self-sacrifice. Where,
moreover, was personal performance
ever accompanied by more fitting
words, or a , loftier and nobler call
upon the Nation to duty?
Roosevelt has not abated his devo
tion to the principles set forth In the
Progressive platform of 1912. He has
simply recognized that the people are
not willing to accept a new party as
the means of putting them in effect
and that the new Issues raised by the
war, by the Mexican muddle and by
"Wilson's Incompetent handling of
our foreign relations generally are of
vastly more importance. Those new is
sues are summed up in that "clean
cut, straight-out Americanism" for
which Roosevelt and Hughes alike
xfnri and in wVilr-h tn nrfnrinlpa of
the third party are incidental. Re
publicans are now of one mind with
Progressives thjat "there must be spir.
itual and, Industrial preparedness,
along the lines of efficiency, of loyal
service to the Nation, and of practical
application of the precept that each
man must be his brother's keeper.
The choice lies between Hughes and
Wilson. The Republicans, without his
solicitation, without the influence and
against the wish of the bosses, nomi
nated Hughes. He is "the unfaltering
opponent of invisible government, a
man of unbending integrity, of orig
inal and trained ability," whose "past
career is a guaranty that whatever he
says before election will be made good
by his acts after election."
In contrast with this ungrudging
tribute to the fitness of Hughes,
Roosevelt tsets the record of Wil
son. ' "His deeds contradict his words"
end "his words absolutely contradict
one another." We owe tour trouble
with the professional German-Ameri
cans to his "timid and vacillating
course." He "stands against that
spirit of farsighted Nationalism which
is essential." '
"V lion callod upoii lo choose be
tween two such men, Roosevelt could
not .hesitate to choos Hughes. Hav
lng chosen, he could not fail to realize
that by putting a third candidate in
the field the Progressives would sim
ply divide the vote of those who favor
the things for which Hughes stands,
and would thereby help Wilson. Put-
ling country above party and personal
ambition, he declines" to become the
means of this division and of aiding
the man whose defeat he considers it
his patriotic duty to promote.
Roosevelt disposes once for all of
the report which Democrats busily
circulate, that Hugrties is the German-
American candidate because his nomi
nation was supported by the German
American Alliance. These hyphenates
were animated not by desire to nomi
nate Hughes, but by fear and desire
to prevent the nomination of Roose
velt. The latter's indorsement of the
Republican candidate combines with
Hughes' own declarations to warrant
the prediction that, when the latter
makes his speech in reply to the for
mal notification, he will leave small
cause for joy among men whose loyal
ty to the United States is second to
their loyalty to Germany or any other
country.
There is no doubt that the vast
majority of Progressives . will follow
Roosevelt's patriotic lead by voting for
Hughes. Among a few of the dissi
dents the feeling of chagrin at the
waning-of a party which they joined
with high hopes, and sincere purpose
to render service to the Nation will
doubtless obscure their minds to the
conditions which prompted the disin
terested action of their leader. But
as they watch the tragic developments
from Wilson's bluntaare in Mexico, as
they see the struggle of a wofully un
prepared Nation to put an adequate
army in the field a,nd as they wit-
ness evidences of intrigue by "pro
fessional German-Americans" against
. the United. States, all except an irre
concilable . few are likely to come
around to Roosevelt's way of think
ing and to act as he advises. By putting-a
third ticket In the field to the
hindrance of the National cause, these
few would only hasten and make more
certain the demise of a party the last
reason for whose existence disappeared
with the nomination of Htrghes.
The policemen's tribute to Hetty
Oreen nheds a new light on the old
lady's character- She stints herself
in the name " bf : thrift, - but "gives
money aplenty to churches and char
ities." Many who sneer at her petty
economies reverse her rules. She also
acts on the words of Scripture: "Char.
lty vaunteth not Itself," for she says:
It isn't real charity wihen you give
and telL" How many public sub
scriptions would succeed if that rule
prevailed ?
NOT EAST.
The Mexican war. If It eomea about.
will be a good sort of a war to be In many
victories and little killing; one or two bat
tles will break the backbone of the or
ganized Mexican army. Pendleton East Ore-
The United States has had three
years to prepare for war with Mexico
and has done little in the way of pre
paredness. Whether President Wil
son thought that, because he desired
above all things to avoid war, there
ould and would be no war and there
fore no need of preparation, or wheth
er he regarded Mexico as an easy nut
to crack, it may now be idle to ask.
out if Mexico Is easy, Jt may well
be wished the job had long ago been
undertaken and finished. Tet the
voices that were clamorous against
any kind of action in Mexico 'blind
devotees of watchful waiting were
papers like this Pendleton organ of
easy pacifism.
Mexico is not, alas! an easy joib.
Not now. It will not be difficult, per
haps, to conquer the Mexican, army
in the field, but the subsequent job of
pacification will be long, costly, tedious
and awkward.
For have not the Mexicans, through
three long years, been taught that the
American Is afraid of him?
HIGH , STREET ASSESSMENTS.
The paving campaign which began
In 1909 or 1910 and continued until
last year undoubtedly went beyond
reasonable bounds in some sections of
the city, and on . the contrary did not
arouse other sections, closer In, to a
proper degree of progressive spirit.
Yet it Is idle for those who now find
home ownership endangered by im
provement assessments to blame
either commission or councllmanle
government.
It can hardly be considered that if
the form of government had been dif
ferent during the period of solid
growth and abundant prosperity Port
land enjoyed, brakes would have been
clamped on the paving movement.
Street improvements are Initiated by
property owners who believe they will
be benefited and are forestalled by
property owners who object. The
city s part in the larger sense is a
formality. The property owner now
cramped by assessments can blame
his neighbors' enthusiasm, his own
lack of foresight or his own apathy.
as tne case may ne.
Lately the Commissioner of Public
Works has increased the percentage
of property required, on improvement
petitions, so that before nlans and
specifications are prepared there is
a more representative demand for the
improvement indicated than formerly.
But prior thereto the right of remon
strance existed and ;the effect of the
new rule has been more to conserve
the cost of preliminary work, which
is paid for by taxpayers tn general,
than to halt improvements themselves.
In other words, it is doubtful if the
higher percentage now required on
petitions would have prevented much
of the improvement undertaken dur-
ing the paving boom, had it then been
in effect. It would, however, have
prevented the repeated revival . of
projects by small groups of deter
mined property owners in . opposition
to the will of the larger number, as
did occur in the past.
Mr. Dieck's figures on street im
provements chargeable to the four
preceding years, as published yester
day in The Oregonian, are illuminat
ing principally of the rise and fall
of the paving movement, and the ful
fillment of the present needs and de
sires of the property owners. In the
same period there was a. building
boom. Houses, apartments and office
buildings were erected in great num
ber. In only a slightly lesser way
did the form of city government have
a bearing on such enterprise, which
means that form of government had
next to nothing to do with amount of
street Improvements.
CONSUMERS BALK AT DEARER SHOES.
There are indications that shoe
manufacturers may reconsider their
purpose announced some months ago
to add "another dollar" to the price
of shoes before the end of the year.
This change of policy will be the re
sult of protest arisrng from within
the trade a.n3 from more careful study
of the statistics of leather imports.
Those who hold the advance to be not
justified by good business policy point
out that the consumer already has
reached the limit of his ability. Or at
least his cheerful willingness to pay.
They feel that a substantial increase In
price at this time would have the ef
fect of killing the goose that laid the
golden egg. People as a whole are
wearing shoes of a better grade than
ever and it is predicted that they will
be driven to economies unprofitable
to the shoe manufacturer if unduly
high prices are forced upon them.
Just at a time when a market for
the more expensive kinds of footwear
Is being fostered this would spell dis
aster for the industry in the long run,
would cloud Its future and result In a
setback requiring years to overcome.
Misreading of the statistics and
failure to judge the possibilities of
S"buth American sources of supply are
charged against the manufacturers.
This has led them to replenish their
supplies on a much larger scale than
was necessary. Leather buyers have
been competing with each ,other in
all the possible sources of raw ma
terial. Each working on his own ac
count, all together have contributed
to the amassing of exceptionally large
stocks on hand. Much capital has thus
been tied up, but the effort to make
the public pay interest on that cap
ital may be doomedtto failure.
Hide and Leather, the chief organ
of the trade, believes that the manu
facturers read only a half truth when
they reached the conclusion that since
the United States before the war pro
duced only half the leather It used
and most of the deficiency was made
up by imports from Russia, Germany,
Austria, rYance, Italy and Scandinavia,
it would follow that here would be
a shortage while the war was in prog
ress. South American countries con
tributed from their vast resources an
unexpected but welcome 27.000,000
pounds in the eight months ended
with February. 1916. an increase from
IS, 000, 000 pounds for the same pe
riod of the year just previous and
from 9,000,000 pounds for the year
before that. This supply, coming in
the nick of time, is relied upon to
avert the threatened advance in
prices to consumers. Hide and Leather
says : . . -
From careful study of conditions In the
hide, and leather industries, there does not
seem to be any reasonable ground for ex
periencing shortage in raw or finished ma-
terlals. Outside e stocks of leather ana
shoes in first hands, there are accumulations
to some extent of shoes and other leather
merchandise carried by Jobbers and retailers.
Undoubtedly there may be scarcity of novel
styles in shoes, but the great trading In
staple goods does not seem In any way ham
pered by dearth of supplies.
The same authority adds:
It Is anoarent that ouf loss on Imports
of hides from Europe has been more than
compensated for by Imports from other
place. e
It will be of only Incidental interest
to the public that with the coming of
shorter riding habits than usual fash
ion has decreed longer boots for wom
en who ride. It is asserted that wom
en may be called upon to pay as high
as $20 a pair' for riding boots next
Fall, where they have been . paying
only J 12 in the past.. But the people
will be chiefly concerned with the
main decision to let prices for "staple
goods" remain as they are for a while.
NOT LAW EXFOBCESIXST.
In a letter today Mr. Duniway dlc-
cusses with some emphasis the Im
portance of adhering to technical rules
of pleading.' The desideratum, of law
enforcement is presented by him as
the one thing that ought tp control
one s views on the subject. We also
are strong advocates of laW enforce
ment and of equity and justice. We
do not concede, however, that rigid
application of the rules of theory and
practice at the expense of justice is
law enforcement.
The case In point Is the one re
versed jby the Supreme Court because
the plaintiff denied an allegation that
the deceased "carelessly and negli
gently" turned his back to an ap
proaching auto truck when the plain
tiffs reply, lrr order to comply with
rules of pleadings, should have denied
that deceased "carelessly or negligent,
ly" turned his back.
In the ordinary comprehension, the
defendant first violated rules of pro
cedure by falling to answer the com
plaint "in concise language, without
repetition." "Negligently" and "care
lessly" are synonymous. It has
happened that because, ' adopting a
strained construction of language, the
plaintiff denied the allegation of care
lessness,' but did not deny the repeti
tion, put In in violation of the law
which Mr. Duniway would so relig
iously uphold, the plaintiff has vio
lated the law and must prosecute a
new trial.
The cold hard fact remains, never
theless, that the case-had gone to trial
before a jury- If the plaintiff proved
to the Jury's satisfaction that her hus
band did not "carelessly" turn his
back, not tie slightest improvement
could have been given her case by
also proving that the husband did not
"negligently" turn his back. If she
proved that he was not careless she
also proved that he was not negligent,
heedless, unmindful, unconcerned, in
attentive or regardless. They all mean
the same. No more advantage was to
be gained by including or denying one
or all of these synonyms in the plead
ings -than by taking testimony on
them In " the trial of the case.
There was a piffling repetition in the
pleadings which was not met by the
other side in the technical form prescribed-
by law, and behold, although
It cannot reasonably be assumed that
the verdict would have been some
thing else If technicalities had been
observed, -the Judgment Is set aside
and the case remanded for new trial
This is done in spite of a consti
tutional amendment, which charges
that "if the Supreme Court shall be
of the opinion, after consideration of
all the matters submitted, that the
Judgment of the court appealed from
was such as should have been ren
dered in the case, such Judgment shall
be affirmed, notwithstanding any error
committed during the trial."
Mr. Duniway places rules of plead
ings above Constitution and when the
rules are rigidly applied calls it "law
enforcement." We call -it something
else. It is the old practice of placing
science above results "the operation
was successful but 'the patient died."
JUMPIXG THE WAR BARRIER.
Germany is doing business with
Russia, indirectly through neutral
countries of Europe, and, paradox!
cally, steel isvone of the commod
ities it Is selling to subjects of the
Czar. A trade surveyor of New
York has discovered that new madt-
n-Germany razors are now sold in
large quantities in the Russian realm.
The system is simple. The German
manufacturers are labeling the razors
"Mussul Razor Works," followed by
the Russian words meaning "To a
Brave Russian Soldier for Dlstin
guished Services." Naturally, those
desiring- to send a. present to men at
the front buy one of the razors and
In due time the money goes .back to
the German coffers.
But razors are only one of the com
modities. German leadpencils, the
well-known Johana-Faber brand, are
being sold in Russia with various
French, English, Swedish or Danish
markings, as, for Instance. "Heimdal
the name of the famous Danish hero.
With even greater commercial daring,
the Germans have opened in a Swedish
city, under a Swedish name, a large
electric plant and are now selling
their product to Russia. The owners.
it is said, feel they will be in. a strong
position In Russia during and after
the war.
Russian trade has always been
sought by European powers, and Ger
many in the last forty years has built
up a marvelous volume. To be ex
act, 62. 6 percent of all goods bought
by Russia the year before the war
was furnished by Germany, according
to a report by J. S. Bache & Co., of
New York. That one year's trade
amounted to 1332,000,000, During
this period England's export to Russia
actually decreased from 31 per cent
in 1870 to 13. 8 per cent In 1913.
Forty-three years ago Germany
bought of Russia 21 per cent of the
total goods exported by Russia. in
1913 Germany bc-ught.32 per cent of
Russia's output. It was Germany's
method. England's goods were of
better quality than the German prod
uct," but the English failed in that
they neglected to take into account
tner character of the Russian masses
with its "low buying" power. Ger
man variety, novelty and cheapness
appealed more than English standard
quality and lack of variety and novel-
tv. Also, Germany extended credit.
England frowned on and even dis
couraged the idea. The English asked
the Russian buyers to pay a month or
six weeks before the goods arrived
and this was fatal to trade. The Ger
mans treated the Russians exactly as
if the negotiations were between two
firms in their own country. German
salesmen also spoke Russian and used
catalogues" printed in Russian and of
fered goods marked on the Russian
system of measuring and prices fig
ured in rubles and kopeken.
These facts are pointed to for the
obvious benefit they should be to
American manufacturers and brokers
who no doubt have realized that a
rich trade field awaits cultivation in
Russia.' "Financiers " of the United
States recently have extended 150.
000,000 credit to Russia, and that step
should be a big one lrr establishing
new and cementing old commercial
relations between the United States
and Russia. Other countries . have
awakened to -the opportunities withiii
reach In Russia and already have is
sued catalogues and 'price lists -in the
Russian language. If, as everyone
feels, Russia is on the edge of a great
industrial, agricultural and railroad
development, the United States Is In
a position to profit by the years of
experience and . ultimate example
Germany.
of
CIVILIAN HONOR UPHELD.
A new point of honor was-decided
recently by a British tribunal in the
case of a civilian who ' pleaded exemption-
from service under the com
pulsory service act on the ground that
he had made an undertaking with the
enemy the Germans as a "condition
of his release from captivity that he
would not take up arms against the
central powers. The point was novel
in the respect that while the parole
of a soldier has been recognized since
time immemorial as binding upon
him, and upon his country so. far as
he Is concerned, the status of a. civil
ian In the same position has not been.
made so- clear. ,
Tne civilian In this Instance had
been out on the Gold Coast of Africa
and on' his way home on the Appam
was captured by the German auxiliary
cruiser Moewe. He was set free, but
was compelled first to sign an under
taking that he would not engage in
the war in behalf of his own country.
Later, in due course, he was called
on for service by the military author
ities, and protested that having given
his word he should not be required to
do anything In violation of it.
Somewhat nicer distinctions were
involved than appeared on the sur
face. . It was contended "by some that
a promise was a promise, and that
having been given It should be kept
in any and all circumetances: that the
Tionor of & soldier"; was no more
sacred than the honor of any citizen:
that a civilian was expected by the
codes of civil conduct to keep a prom
ise to pay made In a business trans
action, and that his other pledges
should be no less binding. On the
other hand, there were those who held
the view that a proznlse obtained by
duress under circumstances not modi
fied by any Implied assent to the rules
of war, such as wouisi have been in
volved If the prisoner had been a sol
dier, was not bin-ding, under the gen
eral rule applying to undertakings
made under compulsion and in grave
fear of the consequences of refusal.
This view was rejected, the court put
ting the honor of the civilian and the
soldier on precisely the same plane,
and' holding that the man should not
be required to go to war.
Thus another lino of demarcation
between the duty of the professional
soldier and the obligation of every
citizen was obliterated by two coun
tries by England In recognizing the
solemnity of the civilian's pledge, and
to an equal extent by- the Germans
in exacting it and thereby giving as
sent to the principle Involved. The
theory that honor was a peculiar qual
ity of the fighting man had Its origin
in the days when war was left to pro
fessional soldiers, who held themselves
aloof from those people who were
merely engaged in the arts of peace
and whose lives and property it was
their mission to protect. In the new
democracy of war the obligations of
every citizen, in and out of the ranks
of armies, are put on the same "plane.
Should Mr. Wilson act' upon the
fact,' which is obvious to all who view
the situation without Illusion, that war
with Mexico has already begun, and
should he set about the work of, over
coming Carranza and 5.11 who oppose
our forces. The Oregonian will uphold
him. This newspaper will not, how
ever, cease to maintain that his errors
of Judgment have brought about this
war and have made military occupa
tion of Mexico necessary. The apology
that he has been trying to withstand
the importunities of exploiters and an
nexationists will not avail. A brave,
strong man does not refrain from
taking the right course from any such
motive. He takes it tnd at the same
time' refuses to be led aside into
wrongful acts.
The way to provide for the families
of Guardsmen going to the border is
to hand them money equivalent o
their needs as a matter of right and
not make them objects of charity by
furnishing flour, salt, sldemeat and
potatoes. If "relief" is to be given, it
must go in a manner that ewill not
lessen the self-respect of the recipient
With Przemysl and Czernowitz out
of the-way for the time being, let our
thoughts dwell a space on Klmpollng,
Jokybenj, Betromettl and Miz'nic,
which are beginning to figure In the
news of the day. The map-makers
have contributed their mites toward
the horror of modern war.
It was -hardly necessary for anyone
close to Bethmann-Hollweg to deny
the rumors .that German Influence
was inspiring Mexico. Germany knows
the friendship of the United States
will be worth having as the great war
draws to a close.
What would the Socialists do with
people who do such. -treacherous acts
as that at Carrizal ? Arbitrate and let
them continue to trap American sol
diers in ambush until the decision is
given ?
The status of the automobile as a
dangerous weapon seems to be estab
lished, as the man .found guilty has
accepted the sentence and the parole
that followed. The next man who loads
his weapon may not get off so lightly
The new meastickets in Berlin pro
vide each person' with nine ounces a
week, about the consistency of tur
key hash three days after Thanksgiv
ing day.
Trooper Harris' story of his -flight
from Carrizal would furnish the text
for a new version of "The Arab's
Farewell to His Horse."
Portland wants an opportunity to
cheer that Third Battalion as it leaves.
It has not forgotten the day the Sec
ond Oregon left. -
It would have been too much glory
for Oregon to .allow the Third Bat
talion the record of being first to
entrain.
The Panamanians are thoroughly
up-to-dae . in their election methods,
Is the President's last ""note to Car
ranza hl9 ultimate ultimatum?
Prettly soon we'll get that long-
delayed salute from Mexico. .
Gleams Through the MUt
ly Deai
Collin
ballade: of the haxdt candi-
. . DATE.
The poet lifts a merry song,
Joy the cartoonist's soul Imbues.
They carol sweettly all day long
And dance about In gleeful shoes.
For fortune gives them now their
dues
And smoothes their rugged pathway
soon;
There's many a dandy, rhyme for
Hughes: ,
Whiskers are easy to cartoon.
When watchful
waiting
all went
.wrong
Ko'Thyma for Wilson could we urfe.
To Roosevelt few rhymes belong '
When we the lexicon peruse.
And, while Hughes' merits make us
choose.
On top of that we softly croon:
"There's many a, dandy rhyme for
Hughes;
Whiskers are easy to cartoon."
We shun the Democratic tong
And rhymelesa Wilson gaily lose.
While smooth-faced statesmen play
ping-pong
We turn away with loud pooh-poohs.
And o'er a rugged chief enthuse.
Whose features grant- our humble
boon
There's many a dandy rhyme for
Hughes;
Whiskers are easy to cartoon.
L'ENVOL
Chief, we poor servants of the news
Our throats to whole-souled praise
attune
There's many a dandy rhyme for
Hughes: .
Whiskers are easy to cartoon.
"Sir," said the Courteous Office Boy,
Waldemar, the cockroach, has played
hooky and hidden in the speaking tube,
to escape his lesson In cleaning paste
pots today."
"Call up to the composing room, my
son,' 1 suggested, "and tell tbem to
drive him back down stairs."
The C. O. B. hesitated.
"What is It?" I queried.-
"I wouldn't mind following your ad
vice but for one misgiving that haunts
me," he sighed,
"Speak on." I said, deeply Interested.
"The foreman at the upstairs end of
the speaking tube might blow first.
y'know," reflected the C. O. B.
Wa hnvA D-ntfl V ala m a a r-t In
dsflnrte vacation, have hung a cage
over our end of the speaking tube and
are pursuing a policy ot watchful wait
lng.
ix the: garden.
Crouch, crouch down on the veined leaf
of green;
There are footsteps stalking up the
" swaying rose's stem I
The green aphis huddle.
In the curled leaf they cuddle.
For the savage, ruddy lady-bug
coming hunting them.
Is
We are preparing a gibbet BO cubits
high for one F. F. Smith, of Hazel Fern
place, who lyricked about Ebenezer
Sweet and Jane Lemon, and who has
since been found guilty of a compound
fracture of the rules of the game. Mrs.
Nicholson found him- guilty of a semi
plagiarism on an old favorite a few
weeks ago. and now John Bell, of the
Newberg Enterprise, leads us aside
and shows us where F. F. took the
Sweet-Lemon stanza, body and soul,
from Marse Henry Watterson.
If there is any further testimony to
be given in before the gibbet Is put to
use, we are prepared to take It.
THE SHORTEST POME- WINNERS,
"H. V.," the first to discover that the
shortest pome in the English or any
other language Is a blank space has
been awarded the first prize of $10,000.
The. compositor has allowed the deci
mal point to become badly shifted to
the right in giving the amount of the
prize, but we will correct this error
before bestowing It.
The Mexican double cross of the first
class, accompanied by a purse of 1000
pesos. Huerta currency.ls won by Dale
B. Slgler and F. Wander, of Boise, who
were the next two who burst Into the
vacuum of poesy.
To Phil Wilder, who was fourth to
guess it, we measure out the weight
of the pome in gold or radium, which
ever he may prefer.
And -we present masmanlmously tne
half of our kingdom to "Bou B.." on
of our captious critics, who guessed It
also, finding that the two blank lines
signified "Waste apace." We beg- to call
attention to the fact that hla rhym
is incorrect, and we hope he will b
less cruel In his criticism of us in fu
ture. i
Lastly, we bestow upon the devil In
the office of the Salem Capital Journal
full right and title to all of our estate
In Erzerum and Treblzond, for he was
also among those who guessed It first.
Flnally, brethren, we drew a dead
line on shortest pomes twb weeks ago
and have submarined all that came In
since then.
From this time on any movement on
the part of a shortest pome writer,
either to the South. East or West or
any of the Intervening points of the
compass will be regarded by us as ade
quate reason for commencing hostili
ties.
THE PRONOUNCING GAZETTEER,
"B. B." (which denotes, ve under
stand, a bullet of very small caliber!
still carps about our pronouncing gaz
etteer and its treatment of Tillamook,
and offers this substitute:
He walked the sands of Tillamook
.He heard them sing; "He's still muckP
And reverting to the cause of th
criticism, he says:
You must admit It was a fluke.
Your rhyming Tillamook with duke
hk likes rr: ! !
The 's a universal car;
I like it;
It runs along without a Jar:
I like it;
Although It Is the butt of jokes
For all the comic paper blokes.
And is despised by the rich folks.
I like it.
C. A. F.
"C. A. F." had the name In the blank
space above, but we outwitted him by
leaving it out, and now nobody will
ever know what he was writing about
Resonrcea of Arsrentlna.
BAXIDA. Idaho. June 26. (To the
Editor.) Please advise me where I can
Pret information as to public lands and
the stockralfing Industry of the Ar
gentine republic. N. N. F.
Write to John Barrett, director of
the Pan-American Union, Washington.
D. C
MEXICANS NEED GUIDING HAVD
People ' Never Can Develop Their
Resources am Their Oira Account.
PORTLAND. June 16. (To the Edi
tor.) Some of our people think that
our country has been unjust to Mexico
In the past. They believe the war ox
846 waa a war of conquest, and blame
our Government for that policy at the
present time.
Aow I want to say a few words on
the matter. I have lived In both Texas
and New Mexico. Last Winter I was
teaching among the Mexicans in a
quaint little adobe village where I did
ot see an American tor six months.
know Mexicans. I know their traits
and their custom s.
The point la this: From a historical
standpoint have the Mexicans a prior
laim to Texas, xoew Mexico and Ari
zona? ' Contrary to the general opin
ion, tfley have not- Texas was dis
covered by the French priest. La Salle.
At the time of the Louisiana Purchase
boundaries were not clearly defined.
The French claimed this vast territory
by right of discovery, and we claimed
the same to be a part of the Louisiana
Purchase.
The Spanish also claimed this ter
ritory from the fact that they had ea
abllshec missions there. To compro
mise matters with Spain, we actually
xchanged thlaterrltory for Florida In
519. This is one of the most remark
able events in American history. Five
years after Spain obtained formal gios
session of this territory. Mexico gained
her Independence from Spain. Upon es
tabllahing the Republic of Mexico.
they claimed this to be a part of their
republic If in 1S24 we had not yielded
to them this disputed territory, the Rio
Grande would have been the boundary
line without the loss of thousands of
Uvea of Texas settlers.
The Mexican Republic offered great
Inducements to American settlers. They
came by the thousand: aome - whole
counties In Texas were settled under
one leader, aa the Moaea Atistin colony.
Now here Is where the Inborn treach
ery of the Mexican race asserts Itself
When our people had settled In Texas,
and Improved It, the Mexicans confis
cated their homes, and declared Ameri
cans to be undesirable citizens. The
Americans refused to leave their
homes. The blood that flowed at Fort
Alamo, where a whole garrlaon waa
murdered in cold blood, should con
vince everyone that this was a war In
defense of hearth and home. General
Sam Houston gained the decisive
battle at San Jacinto. The Texas Re
public waa established In 1838. with
Houston for the first president. This
noble little republic endured ten years.
at the end of which time it was an
nexed to us.
We had no Intention of having war
with Mexico. We gave them the
credit of having Intelligence enough to
know better tnan to invite war witn
us, when they could not even whip
Texas. But Mexican conceit Is some
thing wonderful.
The Mexicans In Southern New
Mexico think El Paso Is the largest
city In the United States. Francisco
Villa osce tried to prove that Mexico
was larger than the United States.
Look here," he said, triumphantly,
"by your own map you can see it." He
had a small map ot the United States
and a large map of Mexico.
Of course we have no doubt of the
final outcorre of war with Mexico, but
cannot help but feel that our troops
are making a mistake to Invade the
State of Chihuahua, the worst desert
region on the continent with the ex
ceptlon of Death Valley. Chihuahua
Is a rugged country, with few water
lng places. The Mexican bandits
know every nook and cranny in Its
rocky heights for a thousand square
miles. I firmly believe that the attack
on Columbus was planned with the
purpose of luring our troops into
part of Mexico where every natural
force Is against, them. For it is evl
dent Mexico wants war with us. If our
troops had marched south through
Coahullla, or better still, had they
been sent to Vera Cruz, and then to
Mexico City, matters could have been
settled quickly. It Is with deep regret
that we see our boys sacrifice their
lives needlessly.
To any that have sentiment tn re
srard to the Mexicans I would aay that
Mexicans would be far better off un
der our rule. Here our Mexican clti
sens have their 'homes and many have
attained wealth and prominence. In
Mexico their property rights are no
safe. ,Even under the Diaz regime,
vast numbers of small land owners
had their property confiscated by the
large haciendas.
Mexico has vast undeveloped mineral
resources. She can never develop
them, and if we do not some other na
tion will. If we take Mexico it mean
public schools and improvement for its
people. Anarchy canot exist indefl
nitely, and if we do not establish order
there.- where is the solntion of th
border trouble, and incidentally deepe
troubles? Can we afford to let som
other nation step in and solve the
problem fo us? E. M. RET,
WHIPPING OF DOG IS USELESS
-
Training:. However, Depends on Both
Animal and Bli Muter.
PORTLAND. June 26. (To the EMI
tor.) I should greatly appreciate ad-
vice about a dog I own. He Is a pedi
greed Lewellyn setter. My neighborn
on either aide of me have chickens.
The young chickens get through their
fence easily and whenever my dog la
off his chain a minute he is right after
them. When we first moved here I
whipped him for chasing the chickens
and called myself hoarse trying to get
him to come back, but he pays no at
tention. Even after being punlshe! he
acts as If he would break his chain to
get back 'to them. I cannot even take
him out for exercise without having
him on the chain.
I do not want to punish him unjustly.
My Idea 'about breaking him of this
habit came to an end when my sub
urban neighbors told me that he was
a good deg and that whipping would
do no good and that I could not break
him ot getting after chickens; that the
only way Is to keep him tied up all the
time. I asked them how the people
on farms did with bird dogs, as often
they own bird dogs and chickens, too.
The neighbors said the only way waa
always to chain them. Now, I feel
sorry for dogs that are chained all the
time and had thought of sending 'my
dog Into the country bo he could have
his liberty, but If they will have to
keep him tied up there all the time,
too. I guess I would better keep him
with me. I should like to know If a
bird dog really cannot be taught to let
chickens alone, and if not, is there any
remedy but to chain him all the time?
R. L. SMITH.,
The foregoing was submitted to
Frank E. Watklne, a well-known fan
tier of dogs, who replies:
"Dogs, like people, have Individual
habits and Inclinations and some of
them cannot be overcome. If this dog
is a young dog. he can be taught, as
he gets older, to let chickens alone, but
if he-is now a matured dog. in- my opin
ion he cannot. It ie natural for a ycrhng
setter to go after birds of any kind
and that would include chickens also.
"There Is no use in whipp'lng and
abusing the 9og. He should be kept
on chain and, as he get older, talked
to when loose and taught not to go
after them that way. He can be
trained In that respect the eame as he
can be trained to hunt properly and not
to rush birds when hunting, etc.
"There really ia nothing more to say.
It depends upon the dog and his mas
ter." Indirect Victim.
Washinstorr Ftsr.
"I fee you have a cold like everybody
else."
"This isn't a cold. 1 simply got hoarse
telling all my friends how to cure their
colds.'
In Other Days.
Twenty-five Tears Ago.
Prom The Orcconlan of Jon 27, 1S91.
A C- Powell, cashier of the American
Loan aV Trust Company, of Omaha, is
in the city on a brief visit.
The following city officials-elect
called at the office of Auditor Mat
thews yesterday and took the oath of
office: Douflaa W. Taylor, superin
tendent of streets: James Flower. As
sessor; T. M. Hurlburt, City Surveyor;
J. H. Steffen. Fire Commissioner.
Dr. J. X. Eaton, who disa DDeared from
this city on the loth, has at last been
neara irom at Mullan. Idaho.
Yesterday Suoerintendsnt Mitchell.
of the Exposition, sent a 60-pound Chi
nook salmon to his press friends in
Chicago. It went to the care of Major
Handy, chief of the department of pro
motion ana puDiiclty of the Worlds
Fair, of which Mr. Mitchell is the Ore
gon representative.
LH. Lewis la oreDarlnsr to erect at
Park .and Morrison streets a fine brick
business block four or five stories high.
Commencing with the matinee this
afternoon, "Ranch Ten" will be pro
duced at Cordray-s for the coming
week.
Half a Cemtnry ' A so.
From The Oresonlan of Juna 27. 1565.
The shipments of treasure from the
Paclflo Coast as given by the San
Francisco reports for 1SS from Janu
ary 1 to June IS amounted to $20,615,-
434.72.
During the 'month of May the Ore
gon City woolen mills manufactured
24.000 yards of woolen goods ready for
V. - .... I . "
Samuel Kennedy. 93 years old. the
last survivor of the Wyoming massa
cre, died May 11 in Adama County,
Pennsylvania.
Persons lately arrived from the East
state that a large Immigration into
Oregon may be expected the present
season from Pennsylvania, Ohio and
Middle and western states.
According to Information received In '
this city by F. Dekum. what la sup
posed to be the -richest gold ledge in
the world has been discovered in the
Yuba district. The vein la four Inches
wide at the surface and 18 inches wide
30 feet deep.
According to the Albany Journal, not
less than five fireproof buildinga have
been lately commenced In that town.
MR. DUNIWAY PRAISES COURT
Placlns; Rnles of Pleading Above Cea
tltntlon Called Law Enforcement.
PORTLAND. June S. (To the Edi
tor.) Your editorial In the Sunday Ore
gonian severely criticised the Supreme
Court of Oregon because the Supreme
Court of Oregon enforced an old. aim.
ple. well-established rule of pleading
and It moves me to write you so that
I may try to point out to you that you
should have praised th court for en- "
forcing the law and doing its duty and
hurled your criticism upon the lawyer
who did not follow the old, simple,
well-established rule of pleading.. Will
you not admit that the lawyers ought
to comply with the simple 'rules of
pleading? Also with plain rules of
law? Will you not admit that our coda
system of pleading is as simple as any
Just system of pleading can be?
All that Is required to plead under
the code is the followlr.g:
The complaint shall contain
(1) The title of the cause, specifying
the name of the court and the names
of the parties to the action, plaintiff
and defendant.
(2) A plain and concise statement
of the facts constituting the cause of
action, without unnecessary repetition.
3) A demand for the relief which
the plaintiff claims. If the recovery
of money or damages be demanded, the
amount thereof shall be stated.
The answer of the defendant shall .
contain
(1) A general or specific, denial of
each material allegation of the com
plaint controverted by the defendant,
or if any knowledge or Information
thereof sufficient to form a belief: pro
vided, however, that nothing can be
proved under a general denial that
could not be proved under a specific
denial of the same allegation or al
legations. (2) A statement of any new matter
constituting a defense or counterclaim,
in ordinary and concise language, with
out repetition. '
When the answer contains new mat
ter constituting a defense or counter
claim, the plaintiff may reply to such
new matter denying generally or spe
cifically each allegation controverted
by him. or any knowledge or informa
tion thereof sufficient to form a be
lief, and h may allege, in ordinary
and concise laneruasre. without repeti
tion, any new, matter not inconsistent
with the complaint constituting a oe-
fenss to such new matter in the an
swer, provided, however, that nothing
can be proved under a general denial
thrit could not be proved under a spe
cific denial Of the same allegation or
allegations.
I submit that any lawyer ought to
be able to learn to plead correctly
under such a almple system of plead
ing. I BUbmit that we must have the
courts enforce the law or we will be
In a state of-anarchy.
I submit that If your editorial sug
gestions were followed In the courts,
we would have no system of law or
government. Just the arbitrary whim
of whatever man or men happened to
be in office, and when the man changed,
the system of law and government
would change.
When our courts announce 'and en
force the law. tet "us uphold them and
praise them for so doing. At best, we
have enough lawlessness and failure
to enforce and uphold the law, in this
free country, where everyone Is a sov
ereign and thinks she or he la or ought
to be above the law.
RALPH R. DUNIWAY.
Reqetremesti of Naval Academy.
PORTLAND, June 26. (To the Edi
tor.) (1) Is It absolutely essential for
one to have a college education to go
to Annapolis? (2) What grades do the
examination consist of and what are
the other requirements?
HENRY O. M'GINTY.
(1) College training is not a pre
requisite of entrance to the Naval
Academy. .The candidate must be able
to pass the entrance examination, that
is all. (3s Detailed Information as to
grades and other requirements, which
is too extensive for reproduction here,
may be obtained by writing to the chief
of the Bureau of Navigation. Navy De
partment, Washington. D. C
s
Women Want to Be Red Cross Norses.
OREGON CITY. Or.. June 27. (To
the Editor.) To whom should applica
tion be made by women desiring to be
come Red Cross nuraes for our war'
with Mexico?
ANXIOUSLY WAITING.
Addrees Jane Doyle, Secretary Port
land RM Cross Nursing Service. 673
Kearney street. Portland.
Toe Cheap.
Exchange.
Charraion Shall I dissolve another
pearl in the chalice for your breakfast?
Cleopatra No: pearls are too Inex
pensive and commonplace. Boll me an
egg. -
i
i