Morning Oregonian., June 19, 1916, Page 8, Image 8

THE MORXIXG OREGONIAN, "MONDAY, JUNE 19, 1&16.
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POBTLASD, MONDAY, JUNE 19, 1916.
TWO KINDS OF DIPLOMACY.
In his effort to Justify the foreign
policy of President Wilson by com
parison (with the example of former
Presidents, Governor Glynn cited nu
merous difficulties with foreign pow
ers which were settled by diplomacy,
the refrain of his speech being: "We
did not go to war." In trying to es
tablish a parallel between each case
of this kind and that of Mr. Wilson he
took great liberties with historical
tacts and ignored conditions which
had great influence on the course of
our Government on each occasion.
It Is quite true that, when "Cltl
Ben" Genet fitted out privateers and
enrolled troops In the cause of France
In 1798, we did not go to war, but
before that year was ended President
Washington demanded the recall of
Genet and the next year he obtained
It. By his course he risked war in
defense of our outraged sovereignty,
though the United States then iwas no
match for France.
The statement that the French and
British depredations on American
shipping did not cause war is con
trary to the facts. When John Jay in
1794 made a treaty with Great Brit
ain, France demanded its abrogation
and broke off relations with the
United States. American peace envoys
were sent to France and were met
with demands for money as the price
of peace, which they Indignantly
spurned. Although the United States
In 1798 -was then an Infant Nation
of only about 8,000,000, Congress,
which was controlled by the Federals,
precursors of the Republican party,
suspended Intercourse with France,
abrogated all treaties with that coun
try and began a naval war, rwhlch
was abruptly ended by Napoleon when
he seized power In the following year.
British depredations on our ships
were resumed In 1808, when Jay's
treaty expired, and were the direct
cause of the war of 1812.
In both these instances we did go
to war.
Only by a stretch of the Imagina
tion could the Virginius affair be con
strued as a case where diplomacy
averted a justifiable war. The Vir
ginius had carried a filibustering ex
pedition to aid the Cuban rebels and
was shown to have no right to the
American flag. Spain, clearly had a
right to use extreme military meas
ures and thft United States had no
Mr. Glynn makes much of the fact
that atonement for the wrongs suf
fered by the United States from Brit
ain and France during the Civil War
was secured without war, When the
United States was engaged in a llfe-and-death
struggle for Its existence as
a Nation, no statesman in his senses
would have quarreled with two of the
most powerful nations in Europe and
brought them to the aid of the Con
federacy. The arbitration agreement,
which was proposed by this country
lrt 1865, was brought about by a
change of government In Great Brit
ain. The dispute related to money
.claims, which are peculiarly suscepti
ble of settlement by such, means.
He cites the attack on American
sailors at Santiago, Chile, as a parallel
to the troubles with which Mr. Wil
son has been called upon, to deal, but
its treatment presents a marked con
trast to his dealings with Germany
and Mexico. Admiral Evans took
rrompt steps to stop the Chilean as
saults and Secretary Blaine was as
prompt and successful in obtaining re.
dress. .The offense was not repeated
but the offenses of Germany and Mex
ico in killing Americans have been
repeated again and again without re
tard to Mr. Wilson's diplomatic pro
tests. Not until he threatened sum
marily to sever diplomatic relations
did Germany desist from flagrant vio
lation of American rights. Not until
the American flag had been insulted
at Tamplco after a long series of out
rages upon Americans In Mexico did
Mr. YV ilson order the occupation of
Vera Cruz, nor until Mexican banditti
had attacked American troops on
American soil did he send troops Into
.Mexico. is aipiomacy has been a
failure In that country throughout the
three years of his meddling. His mili
tary Intervention has failed equally,
because, having begun, he has been
unwilling to go on.
The indictment against Mr. Wilson
Is that he has suffered acts of war
against the United States to pass with,
out retaliation or immediate apology
and that his diplomacy has been so
ineffective as to have - been accom
panied by loss of American life, little,
if any, less in amount than that which
would have followed a declaration of
war. His diplomatic triumph over
Germany has been stained 'With the
blood of innocents. Though American
Mood has flowed freely In Mexico, he
has scored no triumphs of diplomacy
there. His record in this respect con
trasts most unfavorably with that of
1 'residents Cleveland and Roosevelt in
their dealings with Venezuela. Bv
strong words, conveying a plain Inti
mation of force, the former Induced
Britain to arbitrate the boundary dis
pute. By a veiled threat of force the
latter stopped German aggression
There was no year-long negotiation;
no three-years' watchful waiting,
while the offender persisted In offend
ing.
The contrast is not, as Mr. Glynn
assumes, between diplomacy and war
as the means of upholding American
rights: it is between diplomacy that 1
effective, because known to be backed
by force, and diplomacy that Is in
effective because known to have noth
lng behind It but an armory full of
brave words.
The total cost of the war for the
first two years is estimated at $40,000
000,000. Of this sum Great Britain
will have expended about $10,000
000.000, but about one-fourth of tha
amount has been advanced to th
allies and colonies. The present Brit-
ish expenditure) is about (24,100,000
a day. The British government has
increased' revenue sufficiently to pay
interest and sinking fund charges on
the increased debt, to provide for pen
sions and other future war charges
and to leave $500,000,000 a year to
ward paying actual war expenses.
WHAT 'EXT T
.Illinois Democratic politicians are
quite properly rebuked by the Chicago
Tribune for starting a movement to
persuade President Wilson to appoint
an Illinoisan to the vacancy on the
Supreme bench caused by the resigna
tion of Mr. Hughes. Their strong ar
gument, as the Illinois Democrats
seem to see it. . Is that the judicial
circuit of which Illinois Is a part Is
without representation on that tri
bunal. It is that argument to which
the Tribune objects. It says:
Now Is as good a time as any to reinstate
the principle that the appointments to the
Supreme Court should be made on the soore
of fitness, and fitness alone. If it Is good to
keep politics off the bench, it is good also
to keep territorial and local considerations
out of the argument when it comes to mak
ing appointments.
The country wants and needs the best man
who can be gotten for the place, whether
he comes from Maine, Illinois or California.
Every Judicial district is entitled to feel
Itself represented on the United States Su
preme bench whether it furnishes an ap
pointee or not. Illinois would appreciate
the honor, but wants it on the proper
ground or not at all.
Tet the Illinois movement is but
a logical outcome of the attempt to
provide class representation on the
Supreme bench. If a man's conserva
tism or radicalism Is of more con
sequence than his judicial fitness and
experience, why is not the geographical
character of his residence? There Is
possibly, also, more talk than ever
before about the political balance of
the court. We seem to be growing
away from the idea that "the country
wants and needs the best man."
PREVENT A RAILROAD STRIKE.
Having got the National conven
tions out of the way. Congress cannot
do better than revise the Newlands
arbitration law in such a manner as
to render a railroad strike Impossible.
Provision should be made for the
automatic reference to some tribunal
of all disputes, such as. that between
the managers and the brotherhoods,
and. for prohibition of any suspen
sion of work on the public's steel
highways. This action would be Jus
tified by the Interest of the entire Na
tion In uninterrupted travel and com
merce. That Interest is superior to
the interest of any fraction of the
Nation 'be It railroad companies or
railroad employes.
By breaking off negotiations the
managers and the 'brotherhoods have
brought danger of a strike nearer.
This danger Is increased by the fact
that the line dividing the brother
hoods has been wiped out for this
occasion. The members of each will
not vote separately to render a sep
arate decision; the majority of mem
bers of all four organizations combined
will decide. This arrangement gives
disproportionate weight to the fire
men and trainmen, who are the
younger, less responsible and more
radical and who outnumber the en
gineers and conductors. The latter
have more to lose, both In wages and
in standing for pensions, and being
older and more responsible, are more
conservative. Many of them will soon
qualify for pensions through length
of service, but would forfeit all rights
in that regard by striking.
This being a Presidential election
year, Congress will naturally be cau
tious about passing a law which might
be objectionable to a large class of
the population. 'It is, therefore, the
more incumbent upon the general pub
lic to demand action to . prevent a
strike, and to make the demand so
forcibly and with such practical
unanimity that Congress will heed.
The railroad employes are not suf
fering such Intolerable wrongs that
they cannot await the result of ar-1
bitration, and their own support of
the Newlands law before Its enact
ment imposes a moral obligation upon
them to accept It as the means of ad
justing their disputes.
PRESIDENT FOB A DAT?
The dispatch from Washington to
the Minneapolis Tribune and reprinted
in The Oregonian to the effect that
Secretary Lansing will become Presi
dent for a day is a little more in
teresting than accurate. As March 4.
1917, falls on Sunday, It is assumed
that the incoming President, be he
Wilson or Hughes, will not take the
oath of office until March 5; that
the term of the President and Vice
President expires nevertheless at noon
on March 4, and that Secretary Lan
sing who has no fixed tenure of
office, becomes President during the
interim.
Yet there is no constitutional nor
statutory provision which requires
the President to take the oath of of
fice on March 4. As a matter of
fact,' the taking of the oath of of
fice does not in itself induct the Presi
dent Into office. ' This has ben estab
lished by a notable precedent. March
4 in 18 77 fell on Sunday. Ruther
ford B. Hayes took the oath of of
fice on March 3. That course was
adopted because of fear that the cir
cumstances of his election might lead
to disorder. ,
One theory may be offered- In op
position to the one that the Secre
tary of State will become President
for a day if the new President does
not take the oath of office until
March 5. It is that the new Presi
dent's term will begin on March 4,
but that he will be incapacitated from
performing the duties of the office
until he ha3 taken the constitutional
oath. On that basis the Secretary
would- be the same kind of a Presi
dent he would be if the President and
Vice-President were in Canada for
a cay.
But if Mr. Lansing does become
President for a day, he will not be
the twenty-ninth President. We have
had at least two others not recog
nized in history, and possibly a third.
George Washington, whose term of
office began March 4, 1789, did not
take the oath of office until April
30. Was there a President or was the
United States without one for nearly
two months?
In 1821 March 4 fell on Sunday,
and James Monroe was sworn in as
President on March 5. Under the
Presidential succession law of 1792,
the .President pro tempore of the
Senate became President when the of
fice of President and Vice-President
became vacant. John Gaillard, of
South Carolina, was at that time Presi.
dent pro tempore of the Senate.
March 4 fell on Sunday again in 1849
and Zachary Taylor took the oath of
office on the following Monday. D.
R. Atchison, of Missouri, was Presi
dent pro tempore of the Senate.
While Mr. Atchison is not listed
among the country's Presidents, it is
Interesting to note that a standard
biographical work, in giving the biog
raphy of Mr. Atchison, says he was
virtually President for a day. If this
be - true and - the new President Is
not sworn In until March 6, Mr.
Lansing, or whoever Is then Secre
tary of State, will become the thirty
first President and the successor of
Mr. Wilson will be the thirty-second,
instead of the twenty-ninth.
OPERATION'S IX MESOPOTAMIA.
Turkey's claim to have repulsed a
British attack near Velahie and the
British retort reveal a new phase of
the operations on the Tigris River.
When General . Townshend was -besieged
at Kut and General Gorringe
was striving to relieve him, the Turks
held three lines of entrenchments
astride the river to block the progress
of the relieving army. The first was
at Es Lrnn, seven miles below Kut. and
had a redoubt at Dujallar on its right
flank, while six smaller redoubts ex
tended thence southwestward. The
second was at Lanna-i-Yatt. eight
miles farther east, where Gorringe
made his last unsuccessful attack be
fore Townshend surrendered, while the
third, farther down the stream, had
been captured by the British.
The Turks on May 19 abandoned1 the
part of the Lanna-l-Yatt line south
of the river, and next day Gorringe
captured the Dujallar redoubt. This
was the key to the Es Linn position.
and the Turks then abandoned the
whole line south of the river, and the
British advanced to Kut. The battle
front has thus swung around to an east
and west line, and the British must
push future attacks across the Tigris
to the northward In order to renew
their advance on Bagd-ad and combine
with the Russians. The latter are pre
sumed to be advancing across the Per
sian border from Kerind, and the
Russian cavalry which recently
Joined Gorringe is supposed to have
been a scouting expedition from this
army and to have ridden 200 miles
ahead of lt
Absence of Russian reports that the
Grand Duke Nicholas" troops have
made any further advance, taken In
conjunction with Turkish claims of
success, suggests that the Ottoman
army has been reinforced, while Rus
sia may have diverted munitions sup
plies to the Austrian front. This
would have the natural effect of halt
ing the Russian offensive, but the
British activity implies an effort to
push northward for the purpose of
joining hands with the Russian forces
advancing from Kerind In order to
make a combined attack on Bagdad
and of then forming a continuous
front to push westward through Asia
Minor.
A general allied offensive in Europe
would facilitate success of this move
ment by causing the Teutons to stint
Turkey of ammunition, while its suc
cess might cut the Ottomans off en
tirely from help from that quarter.
OX SEVENTY A MONTH.
What is the smallest sum upon
which a family of six persons can live
comfortably? There are those, of
course, who would thrive on $500 and
others who would suffer distress on
$50,000 a year. But In striking a
sound average for application to poor
families, the New York Association for
Improving the Condition of the Poor
has fixed $70 a month as a preper
amount for a family of six. After con
siderable) observation and experimen
tation that sum is made the basis of
all assistance given worthy families,
andjhe assistance is disbursed in cash,
the family being permitted and re
quired to make its own purchases.
Extravagance In spending the Income
means lean days for the family, but
to prevent this the association has es
tablished a home economy division,
which is teaching worthy housewives
how to live within their allowance.
The story of one of the association's
cases gives an excellent idea of how
this new philanthropic enterprise oper
ates. A widow with a family of five
children earns $44 a month with the
aid of a grown daughter. The asso-
elation makes up the balance of the re
quired $70 and turns it over to the
family at the end of each month. The
beneficiary is required to keep a de
tailed budget of her expenditures. This
budget is examined closely by an ex
pert and suggestions made for Im
provements. The family budget In this case
reads: Rent, $15; food, Including
lunches for the daughter who works
downtown, $36.80; fuel, $3.25; cloth
lng, $12; sundries, $2. This summary
is itemized closely. Here is the rec
ord of one day: Soup meat, 80 cents;
oilcloth, 76 cents; 6 yards of goods, 72
cents; carrots, 5 cents; gas bill, 30
cents: milk, 6 cents; matches, 5 cents.
Bread, sugar, tea and other necessities
were on hand in sufficient quantities
for the day. That same week a $3
dress was bought for the daughter, to
gether with a $2 hat and a pair of
shoes costing $2.50. That left only
$4.50 for clothing during the re
malnder of the month.
The record of an Italian family
which received help was cited. In
common with other foreigners, this
family had no difficulty living within
the allowance. But In checking the
weekly budget It was found that only
2 8 cents had been spent for meat and
fish. The domestic economy supervisor
at once readjusted the budget and
added 40 cents to the amount to be
spent for flesh. The housewife was
also instructed how to select" the best
and cheapest cuts of meat and where
and how to purchase groceries cheaply,
Such philanthropy Is vastly more
practical and profitable than the old
system of doling out vegetables and
fuel. In sending families bumpers of
groceries, aid societies detract from
the self-respect of the beneficiaries.
Besides, the cost of administration and
distribution is much higher. Under
the new plan the mind is stimulated
as well as the stomach. Those who
accept the bounties must learn system
and household efficiency. They are
brought to know how to make the
most of the few dollars they receive,
and this education is certain to be of
immense benefit to them once they
have become self-suporting again.
"PORK" IN GOVERNMENT OWNERSHIP.
Canada's experience with govern
ment ownership and management of
railways has been that the to-be-ex
pected "pork barrel" has stood in the
way of success. This ls-pointed out in
a review of Canada's experience with
the Intercolonial and Prince Edward
Island railways, a total of 17 36 miles
of line. This article was prepared by
Samuel O. Dunn, editor of the Rail
way Age Gazette, published in the
Journal of Political Economy. The re.
view shows that government owner
ship ia these instances has been an
utter business failure
The reasons for failure are interest
ing because they are basic that is,
they involve conditions not local or
peculiar. First, the lines were located
poorly. Considerations other than
those which would have influenced
hard-headed investor -were factors
in choosing the route. Favoritism
was shown. Then followed failure to
shorten mileage between important
terminals by building cut-offs. - One
can easily visualize the situation In
that respect. Towns would raise a
hue and cry over being "left off the
main line" and their political Influ
ence would count heavily in the scale,
since the directing heads were poli
ticians. Further, there were log-rolling
methods of construction and man
agement, resulting in waste. In undue
expense, in the building of pretentious
passenger stations in small towns and
further In the practice of making rates
so low, in response to local clamor,
that part of the cost Is borne by the
taxpayers of the entire country In
stead of by the users of the railroads.
Mr. Dunn points out that In twenty
five of forty-seven years, the Inter
colonial has failed to earn as much
as Its operating expenses amounted
to, while on the Prince Edward Island
operating expenses have exceeded earn
ings in every year that the govern
ment has owned it. Naturally, the
taxpayers of the country as a whole
have footed the bill. The writer ob
serves that those who argue that the
profits of a successful government
owned railway would be received by
the public Instead of by private capi
talists forget that privately owned
railways, unlike state railways, pay
taxes to the public. He might have
added with equal truth that the losses
of privately owned railways that are
unsuccessful are borne by those whose
capital Is invested in them.
But the major cause, as Mr. Dunn
finds it, for the failure of government
ownership In Canada "has been the
influence of politics." Prevailing low
rates were made as a "sop to the peo
ple." Parties In power have practiced
buying supplies only from their sup
porters. Officers of the road often
had the experience of entering their
offices and finding among sub
ordinates men they never had seen
before, and who had been engrafted
on the payroll aby politicians. Ef
ficiency naturally suffered. Similar
conditions prevailing in every depart
ment were enough to wreck any en
terpriseespecially one requiring the
highly trained services of specialists
In modern transportation require
ments.
The lesson in Canada Is valuable be-
ause it Is taught In a situation not
unlike our own In the United States.
The people are not temperamentally
far different from those south of the
boundary line. The same general
conservatism, about an equal degree
of Innate business honesty, approxl
mately the same willingness to let
private sympathies sway business judg
ment exist. The management of these
lines in Canada is not charged with
criminality in any greater degree than
any sort of "pork barrel" legislation
and management can be called "crimi
nal." Yet the utter failure of the
plan is proved by the history and the
unanswerable statistics of these Cana
dian lines.
Opening to settlement of the Col
vllle reservation In Washington re
moves one of the last and greatest
barriers to development of that entire
state. It Is a land of rich pastures
and much mineral and timber, and
should fill rapidly with prosperous
people.
Occasionally real humor Is found in
obscure places. For example: The
Weekly Bulletin, telling automobllists
of the condition of roads In Oregon,
describes the section from Ashland to
Horn-brook, 80.6 miles, as "fine all the
way."
Importations of "booze" in Hood
River are so small as to show that
county is the home of really "dry"
people or that home-made cider is of
a superior quality, more satisfying than
can be obtained elsewhere.
The Council purposes to license
cardrooms wherein betting is for
bidden. Do the poor old innocents
who draw down thousands a year to
run this city think the boys will play
authors" all the time?
Young people would tetter desist
from spooning In -Benson Park, with
two real bears running at large. When
It comes to hugging, the bear can
give the average young man all the
good cards in the deck.
In giving up the Income from $5,-
000,000 to remarry, Mrs. Astor Is do
lng as many other women would do,
with millions in sight In the new
family and a few other millions left
for her own.
Portland no sooner gets accustomed
to having Ben Campbell in Its midst
than the needs of the Southern Pacific
spirit him away. We -may find
necessary to Invent a Job big enough
to hold him.
Henry M. White Is having the same
difficulty as a mediator in the long
shoremen's strike as is always- ex
perienced with a man who refuses to
compromise except on his own terms.
Possfbly the 800 gallons of city
gasoline evaporated in a more expedi
tious manner than did the 1100 cords
of city wood-. What next of a mu
nicipal brand will be missed?
Not every woman could forfeit
fortune of $5,000,000 to marry th
man of her choice, but Mr. Dick has
enough to enable Mrs. Astor to feel
secure against penury.
Strange how hospitable all the little
parties have become to the Bull Moose
But he is determined to make his
home with the elephant.
Hitherto the Russians have found
It easier to take towns than to keep
them. Let us see if they have better
luck with Czernowitz.
Being President for a day is not
prospect calculated to cause Mr.
Lansing an attack of megalomania.
A marriage by long-distance tele
phone may be ss binding as a cere
mony close up. The intent is the thing.
It must be a grouchy old bachelo
in the Department of Agriculture who
is putting the ban on mistletoe.
Young George McBride has th
quality of "judging" born In him an
cannot avoid making good.
Now ror a cnance to see how nearly
we really are "prepared" for warlike
action.
Why not cease calling them "ban
dlts" and thrash a few as plain Mexl
cans?
This Is Pioneer week and Portland
is proud, to be host.
Keep the Third Oregon here until
after the Fourth.
Rain is due, with the clover down,
How to Keep Well
By Dr. AV. A. Erau,
SOCIAL. DISEASES.
THE British have a custom of refer
ring questions of great public
moment, concerning which there is
great difference of opinion to royal
commissions. These commissions con
sume much time in investigating and
deliberating, but then they report the
facts given and the recommendations
made carry great weight-
In their great disappointment over
their poor showing during the Boer
war they appointed such, a commission
to Investigate the causes of physical
deterioration of the race. When Koch
had asserted that tuberculosis of cows
was of no great Importance as a cause
of human tuberculosis the report of a
British royal commission corrected the
error Into which the great German
authority was leading the world.
In 1913 the International Medical
Congress, meeting In London, drew at
tention to the prevalence of venereal
diseases. The English Review, the
Morning Post, the Pall Mall Gazette,
and other great London dallies told
their readers the truth without minc
ing words. A royal commission was
formed. This commission spent nearly
20,000 on an Investigation. They have
recently reported.
They found venereal diseases to be
one of the great problems of society.
They found that 10 per cent of the
people of English cities have had
syphilis and about 30 per cent have had
gonorrhoea. The diseases are not so
prevalent lq the country. The diseases
are contagious. They cause widespread
and very Important after-effects. They
are curable. They are preventable.
Therefore, they conclude that society
must go to work to eradicate them as
it has done with yellow fever and
cholera and Is doing with smallpox and
malaria.
The repcrt makes 25 recommenda
tions for governmental activities.
Among them are the folowing:
Extended facilities should be made
available for the diagnosis of venereal
diseases, by laboratory methods.
Every government should provide
ample hospital and dispensary facili
ties for treating every person affected
with venereal disease who desires
treatment.
Hospital cases should be taken care
of in general hospitals.
Special venereal disease hospitals
are not advised. '
Treatment should be free to all.
Evening clinics at hours convenient to
the working people should be estab
lished. Subject to proper safeguards
the authorities should provide salvar
san or equally good remedies gratui
tously to those who cannot pay for
same.
Every patient In hospital, dispensary.
or clinic, or Dy private .pnysician
should be given a card containing in
structions and warning.
The Government should provide am
ple oportunltles for the education and
training of physicians and medical
students. Prisoners should be treated
for their venereal diseases until cured.
The advertisement of patent medi
cines for venereal diseases Ehould not
be allowed. Infectious venereal dis
ease should should constitute a bar to
marriage. Teachers should Impart sex
Information to pupils In private Inter
views.
More careful Instruction should be
provided In regard to moral conduct as
bearing upon sexual relations through
out all' types and grades of education.
Such Instruction should be based on
moral principles and spiritual consid
erations and should not be based only
on the physical .consequences of im
moral conduct.
Boy' Fever Spells.
Mrs. F. C. H. writes: "What is the
cause of a boy of 8 years having high
fever spells, with severe headaches?
"He has had these two or three times
a year since he was 2, but are more
severe now. He vomits bile, and dur
ing these spells wants to spit contin
ually. He eats meat, potatoes, some
kinds of vegetables and fruit.
He is a large boy for his age-and
the doctor says It Is a catarrhal condi
tion of his stomach. Maybe it is, but
what can I do to prevent these at
tacks?"
BEPLT.
I should say that his spells result from
Infection with some of tha bacteria which
causes colds. Has he adenoids or enlarged
tonsils? If so. have then, attended lo. Jveep
him out of doors as much as possible. Have
him sleep out. Cse cold water sprays on his
head neck and shoulders twice a week
Have him eat sparingly of meat.
Dtacharice From Breast.
Worried writes: "For about two
years there has been a drop come from
my right breast like clear water. It
comes sometimes upon tne sngniesi
exertion. It dries like the yellow of
an egg on garments. There Is a lumpy
feeling at times in the breast, then It
disappears, but the gland feels 'cordy.'
Is there such a thing as a leaky or
weeping breast? I feel no pain. I am
a married woman, aged 40, and have no
children."
REPLY.
The breast la not wholly normal else this
discharge would not appear. At the same
time, the description does not Indicate that
the trouble la grave. Ehould a definite lump
appear have a physician see it. Cancer is
not painful in Its earlier stages.
Dye in the Hair.
Mrs. C. S. D. writes: "Let me know
how I can remove dye from my hair.
It has made my hair an ugly red as if
I painted It and has also made it
brittle and oily."
REPLY.
I do not think you can do anything. If
you knew what chemicals the dye contained
you might be able to figure out what to use,
but at that the chances are nine to one that
you would make your hair atreakler and
more drat than it now Is. 1-reckon you -alii
have to leave It to time.
Operate on Knock-knees.
K. K. writes: Ts there any possi
bility of correcting so-called "knock
knees'? If so, where Is the proper
place to apply for aid? The person In
question is a. man of 25 years of age."
REPLY.
Tea. operation. Apply at an orthopedic
hospital or to an orthopedic surgeon. An
orthopedic hospital is one for the treatment
of diseases and deformities of bone.
Profit In Oransje.
HOLLAND. Or.. June 18. (To the
Editor.) A boy gains 12 per cent by
selling Ave oranges for 14 cents. What
per cent would he gain by selling them
six for 18 cents? E. V. s.
Assuming that profit based on the
cost of the oranges Ms meant, the boy
who sold oranges at five for 14 cents,
or 2.8 cents each, paid 2.5 cents each
for them if the sale brought him 12
per cent profit on cost- Selling 2.5-cent
oranges at S cents would yield him 20
per cent on the cost price.
WHY MR. JEFFERSON RESIGXED.
Feeling; He Did Not Have Waahlaftoa's
Fnll Confidence One Reason.
MARY HILL, Wash.. June 18. (To
the Editor.) Numerous persons have
told me that Thomas Jefferson re
signed as Secretary of State in Wash
ington a Cabinet in DecemDer. liSJ,
because of Washington's refusal to
enter the European war on the side
of France. Is this authentic? My un
derstanding Is that his resignation
came about through friction with Ham
ilton when Congress passed the liana
bill and Washington signed It. Any
data will be appreciated.
12. H, BABCOCK.
The generally accepted reasons for
the retirement of Jefferson as Wash
ington's Secretary of State are that
he was discontented with a position In
which he felt he did not enjoy the
absolute confidence of the President,
bis repeated differences with Hamil
ton, and the embarrassed condition of
his private affairs. The Genet case.
which occupied the public mind during
1793. left Jefferson, however. In
somewhat ambiguous position. Prima
facie, says Alexander Johnston, the
whole case is strongly In his favor. He
prepared numerous state' papers, in
cluding that which demanded the re
call of Genet, who came to America to
enlist the new country's aid and sym
pathy for France, and who fitted out
numerous privateers In American
waters to prey upon- British commerce-
Moreover, early in the year ashing
ton's proclamation of neutrality was
issued upon the unanimous advice 'of
the Cabinet- Genet charged Jefferson
with having made himself the "gener
ous instrument" of the request for
Genet's recall, "after having made me
belleva that you were my friend." "It
is not in my character," Genet slg
nlficantly remarked, "to speak, as
many people do. In one way and act
in another, to have an official language
and a language confidential." But so
far as actual evidence goes this charge
Is unwarranted. Th case is discussed
unfavorably to Jefferson In 4 HI
dreth'a "United States." favorably to
him In Randall's "Jefferson" 157
fairly in 1 Von Hoist's "United States'
113.
OLD SOLDIER FOR. PREPAREDNESS
Calm Deliberation Brings Conclusion I
la Best for Peace.
SOLDIERS' HOME. Tenn.. June 14.
(To the Editor.) The assemblage of
old soldiers in a National home is a ba
rometer of public feeling. Four years
ro th strident choruses of "Teddy
rent the atmosphere, but today nothing
Is there to disturb the peace. Calm
deliberation rules their councils and
the perfume of the incense of restored
faith in the Judgment of the people as
expressed by their representatives in
convention assembled ia in our nostrils.
Fiat lux! And there is light. Those
of us who, choosing the lesser of two
evils, invited the Democratic party to
sit at the head of our nations table
can now say: "Depart ye hence; your
mission is accomplished; ye have our
thanks for bringing about the redemp
tion of the Republican party id a new
ritual of the faith." Let Justice preside
in our National councils, let us aa
Americans uphold the honor and dig
nity of our country.
The selection of Hughes and Fair
banks, both men tried and true, sane.
safe and sober, insures a campaign free
from delirium and hysteria, and the
dispassionate verdict of their fellow
citizens will select them as our mouth-
niec. bv an electoral vote equal to, II
not arrester than, that which honored
MeKinley. "Let us have Peace." Let
prosperity once more prevail and let
the came Monroe Doctrine which in
sures the Americans of both Americas
the possession of their patrimony also
teach us to stano. aiooi irom ma
slaughter house of the Old World. In
this matter President Vv uson nas aone
wisely, and Americans of all party
faiths thank him for keeping our young
man out of the European shambles and
our nation from entangling cJllance
with foreign, meaning European, na
tions, as Washington saw It.
Let Preparedness prevail, that feace
may abide with us.
HUMAN- FLAG IS
AWE-INSPIRINC1
Plea Made for Reproduction In Kou
fa
. of Joly Celebration.
PORTLAND. June 18. (To the Edi
tor.) The most beautiful combination
of colors In all the world 13 found in
our own United States: The Stars and
Stripes!
But -when thla beautiful emblem of
our country becomes a human, living.
breathing thing it is. to say the least,
most awe-lnBpiring. And such a spec
tacle we have in Portland's human flag
the writer was about to say Profes
sor Robert Krohn's human flag, be
cause this man made and designed the
moving and waving human flag, as
Betsy Ross made and designed the
original Stars and Stripes. Long live
Professor Krohn and Portland's human
flag!
On July 4 this beautiful living flag
should be a prominent feature in Port
land's old-time parade and celebration.
ROBERT H BLOSSOM.
WHAT'S TUB I'SEI
What's the use of kicking when things
are going wrong.
The world's not a-going to listen to
your song.
It's a mighty busy world, you bet:
The ones that win must "go and get,"
So quit the kicking, friend, and "plug"
along.
I never knew a man who made a for
tune or a name
Who didn't keep on working, even
when he got the "game."
This life of ours Is what we "stake,"
The more put in, the more we'll
make.
And all of us can reach the goal of
fame.
Way down In Maine, some years ago,
old Ebenezer Brown
Was called a regular lunatic and every
body's clown.
But "Eb" "plugged" on, and didn't
fret
And made the hay while others slept:
Now "Eb" is Mayor of his native town.
This kicking game has never won a
single ribbon, friend:
If never gets us anything for the
energy we spend.
So "buckle down and hoe your row.
And seeds of sunshine daily sow.
Just take the "tip," you're richer In
the end.
P. O. RILEY.
Austria Alone Protested.
SEASIDE. Or.. June 18. (To the Edi
tor.) Have the German and Austrian
governments ever protested officially
to the United States against American
shipments of war munitions to the Al
lies? A. S. FOSTER.
Austria has protested officially; Ger
many has not- The Austrian conteu
tion was that the magnitude of the
munitions trade had taken it beyond
the ordinary rules of International law
and had made the United States a vir
tual supporter of the enemies of th
Central Powers. The American posi
tion, defined in reply, was that to pro
hibit munitions exports to any fcellift
erent would establish a precedent that
would compel even peacefully Inclined
nations to keep Immense stocks of am
munition on hand.
In Other Days.
Twenty-are Years Age.
Prom The Oragonlaa of June 14, 1S&1.
London. Advices from Germany say
the price of corn continues to rise
and that In some of the more thinly
populated -localities the scarcity
amounts almost to a famine among the
poor.
'The Charity Ball" was produced at
the Marquam Grand last night. Her
bert Kelcey played the role of Rev.
John Van Buren. Henrietta Crosman.
Miss Cayvan and Mies Shannon also
Jwere in the cast.
Messrs. A. Donnerbersr and Robert
Brady leave today to attend the Na
tional convention of Master Plumbers
at Cincinnati, June 23.
Recorder Mayo refuses to eanvaaa h.
East Portland returns unless manda
mused by a competent court, believing
it the dUtv Of CitT Audltnr M.tth.n.
of Portland. Matthews thinks the re
corder ol Albina and East Portland
should canvass their own returns, but
should they fail he win accept the re
turns irom me three cities and see that
they are canvassed. President Oshnm
of the Chamber of Commerce and Jo
seph Buchtel will take a hand.
Washington. The Cabinet ha r.en
called to meet June 26 to discuss the
nnances of the country.
The Municipal Reform Txrua i- st
ing out to "get the scalp" of Chief Par
rlsh and on the ground that the police
should not be politicians and that sa
loons should close on Sundays, expect
l inane a nara ngnt to accomplish
their purpose.
Captain William Kerns has decided to
builir13 houses on his Waverly tract
Half a Century Ago.
From Tha Oregonian. June 18. 1S6S.
H. M. Abbott, for a few months editor
of the Oregon Herald, has retired from
that position.
The President has vetoed the bill au
thorizing the New York-Montana Iron
Mining Manufacturing Company to
buy 20 sections of unsurvey?d lands In
Montana Territory. The President says:
"The public domain is a National trust
and not to be bestowed as a
special privilege upon a favored class."
It Is not probable an attempt will be
made to pass the bill over the veto.
Virginia City. Nev. A great fire has
consumed about 100 buildings here. No
lives are known to be lost yet.
The Initial concert of the Portland
Philharmonic Society, under the con
ductorship of J. B. Wyatt. was given at
New Music Hall Friday night.
Norfolk, Va. The grand Jury brought
in a true bill for treason against Jef
ferson Davis.
General Lewis Cass, distinguished
statesman, died at his residence In De
troit. Mich., Sunday morning. He was
almoct 84 years old.
W. A. Pherson. Esq.. editor of the
Albany Journal, and Judge Odeneal. of
the Corvallis Gazette, were In the city
yesterday.
divorce: hate high ix texas
With 2000 MarrlaKes, 1230 Seek Sep
arations In Year In Dallas.
DALLAS, Tex., June 15. (To the Edi
tor.) I would like to know something
about your divorce rate in Oregon.
Ours Is the largest in the world. . I In
close an Item. As one-third of these
marriages were marriages of nonresl
dents.the 98 suits for divorce credited to
one month should be balanced against
144 marriages. In 1915 we had about
2000 marriages of Dallas people and
1220 suits for divorce. Only one- in
200 or 300 Is refused. Anything a
woman says in court goes; only men
are refused. More than half the wom
en seek the divorce, as there Is so
much fun being free of the "Jealousy"
and objections of a husband when his
wife wants and exercises all the prlvl
liges and seeks all the pleasures of a
single woman in the wickedest city in
the world.
I speak from investigation, observa
tion, etc., as I have lived in quite a
number of other cities, here and In
Europe. J. A. HUNTER.
WHERE THC COLUMBIA FLOW
'
vard
From the east and leading westward
by Columbia's southern shore.
Where once roamed the redskin war
rior land of cryptic Indian lore.
'Tls the spot designed and fashioned
that kind nature even rhose
For our great Columbia Highway,
where the errand Columbia flows.
these spiral columns.
what s about yon towering pines
That inspires the sage and poet to
Indite poetic lines?
'Tls a theme that well invites us as the
grandeur of It grows.
And we point our pens wsy yonder,
where the grand Columbia flows.
Oregon abounds with wonders found
within no king's domain.
She's the beauty spot that Wonder
wove into an endless chain.
And the kings will pay us homage ere
the age of knighthood goes.
Just because our highway follows
where the grand Columbia flows.
Where the noontide shadows linger,
where the spray has veiled yon
falls,
From a labyrinth of emeralds, soft and
low the bluebird calls;
'Mid the Incense of wild roses wafted
on each wind that blows.
There's a paradise up yonder, where
the grand Columbia flowa
Far away Mount Hood, majestic,
guards with solemn, lordly mien.
Like a pyramid of ancients, 'mid the
splendor and the sheen.
Where the sunlight falls athwart her,
shimmering on her silv'ry snows.
Lends enchantment to our highway,
where the grand Columbia flowa
Monarchs of our cherished Westland
who've survived a vanquished
race.
Crags and cataracts unnumbered, that
e'en time can ne'er efface;
And I would my pen were equal to
express In verse or prose
All the scenic charms up yonder, where
. the grand Columbia flows.
Past the glens and tossing cascades,
through those gates of paradise.
Where each vein of grandeur deepens,
where the mystic charms entice;
And we e'en commune with nature as
the twilight shades enclose.
In that bivouac of wonders, where the
grand Columbia flowa
As the fleeting years are numbered,
passing in their ceaseless flight,
Ev'ry mount and rock of ages will
withstand life's storms and
blight;
And the hand of time that fashioned,
latticed them, in living rows.
Will be beck'nlng us way yonder,
where the grand Columbia flows.
To the East, and to the Westward, to
tbe North and South as well.
Tell the country of our prestige, let
each note of welcome swell:
Send the tidings a-careening 'till at
last the whole world knows.
Of our great Columbia Highway, where
the grand Columbia flows.
ORE O. SMITH.
Skoollng by Dejcreen.
Boston Transcript
Casey "Some av thlra new guns will
carry twinty miles." O'Brien "At wan
thot?"