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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (April 28, 1916)
19 TITF MORXrVO OREGOXIAIT. FRIDAY, APRIL 28, 1916. l FOKTLAND, UKtfiON. ntnd at Portland lorenon) Postofflca M'ind-cliH mail matter. .6 ubc.-i:ion Hates Invariably In advance tT'ai'y. Sunday tncu-led. one year. $!?9 J.-aily. Sunday titlu,le'i, fix months..... -I'ai!, sundry included, three montba... ail.-, Sunday Included, uds montn..... -Dai;y, without fc'unday, one ear JT-ai1:'. without Stindav, six monlhl. . . . . . p"ai:v. without scnuay, three month. . . 5'ailv. wltnout Sunday, one Diontb - Vkiy, one year. ........ run'Uj', one vear..... -teanday and Weekly, one year 4. as 2.-" .73 6.00 3 1.71 .0 1 2.50 .oo By Carrier.) Daily. Sunday Included, one year.... ai:y. Sunday included one mouth... ft I iv to Remit tend oostofflce mone rd.;r. express order or personal check; on Tour local bank, stamps, coin or cutmut j r at sender's risk. oive poatoffice ad cresses in lull. Including; county ana IN.Mtae-e Hates 12 to Id paces. I cent; to 32 paxes, a cents. 34 to 48 pages. 3 centa JU to Oo ai;4. 4 cents; 2 to t pages, cents. 7s to v pates, o centa. Forelg postage, double ratea. Kalrra Raneaa Office Verree & Conk Tin. Brunswick building. New York: Verree A- Oor.klln. Steger blinding, Chicago. ban J'randuco representative. It. J. Bidwell, 742 Market street. fOKTI.AND. FRIDAY. APRIL 28, 1918, t HOW DOES THE MESI fcTASD? A most significant point in connec tion with the recent primaries and with the votes in Congress is the state vl opinion towards foreign relation and National preparedness which they have revealed in the Middle West. W find 103 Republicans in the House chiefly from that section, voting to repudiate President Wilson's policy in defense of American rights on the sea We find that ten of the thirteen Sen ators who vote to reduce the author ized army to 150.000 men come from the Mississippi Valley and the inter ior, and that ten of the fourteen who vote for the Hay small-army bill against the Chamberlain adequate-army bill hail from the same section. Michigan Republicans vote for Henry Kord. the arch-pacifist. for President and Ne braska Republicans prefer Senator Cummins to Mr. Kord by only a small margin. Nebraska Democrats reject W. J. Bryan, from whom Mr. Ford bids fair to .snatch the pacifist leader. ship in response to the cry, "Stand by Wilson" rather than from any ap parent conviction that he is right. What do these things mean? The Middle West has long been the stronghold of the Republican party which has stood most firmly for Na tional unity and for National dignity and rights in dealing with other na tions. But what Frederick M. Daven port, in the Outlook, calls "the Amer ican tradition of comfortable isola tion" lias its strongest hold in the Middle West, for its remoteness from the coast makes it slow to realize dan gers from abroad to which the war has awakened the Atlantic and Gulf seaboards. That section has long dis trusted any movement which is sus pected to emanate from the moneyed interests of the Fast. It therefore lends Tcady ear to those who ascribe the dispute with Germany and the cry for preparedness to the greed of munition manufacturers. The pacifists are reinforced by the pro-Germans, who are most numerous in the Middle States and who unceasingly preach their spurious neutrality. The Amer ican people as a whole were ignorant of the causes of the war when it broke out, but those of the interior were most ignorant. They could not understand how the interests of the United States could become involved and they have an aversion for war which they extend to any information on the subject and to those who would impart that knowledge. They more readily credit pro-German pleas when the latter coincide with their prcju dices against war and the Eastern money power. Those of them who trouble to inquire into the submarine controversy readily accept the opinion expressed by the Chicago Tribune in these words: Th reasoning back of the demand for A breath of relations and po9il,ie war ith the central powers is either lnaul fici.nt or unexpressed. Narrowed to a discussion of issues raised fr.y .h subm.irine operations, no cae which ran i-.inilnre an unbiased and unlmpas sioned mind has been made out for so drastic and eoMlv a step. If the. American people are to take the sword it must be for a purpose fullv under stood and a cause worth dying for. The submarine controversy Is nothing but an argument. The Democratic leaders have done nothing to enlighten the people on the merits of the controversy with Ger many. Without any effort to make these plain and to rally the people by showing that they appeal to patriot Ism, they base their claim to support on party loyalty. They are ill equipped to arouse popular fervor, for they are themselves divided, have no lear idea of the importance of the issue, and many of them would balk at making it a ground for war. Mr. Davenport's explanation is prob ably correct. He says: V.'e are still a sectional people. There a-e tnree t'nited States the East. the West and tb South. No one of these sections understands another. The Fast is bellicose because it lcik across the ocean at Furope aflame and because a trip across the Atlantic on business is as much a mat ter of course to it as a trip to Chicago or Kansas City is t' a Kansas farmer. The Eastern man is furious when a liner is sunk, but that event does not come home to a Kansan. The South stands by Wilson because it is Demo cratic and because he is a Democratic President. The Middle West is Repub lican, but pacifist, and sees no reason either to stand by Wilson or to become excited when a liner is sunk. That explains why the Middle States which were most enthusiastic for Colo, rel Roosevelt in 1912 turn their backs upon him now. He is ready to lead again if they are in a heroic mood, but they see no reason to bo in such a mood. They vote for Ford, angel of the peace mission, or for Cummins, whom they love for his war on rail roads and trusts and whose idea of : preparedness is a Federalized National Guard. That is the extent of their heroic mood. Before the people can become prac tically united in support of a definite policy to meet the exigencies of the war, they must go through a campaign 't education, similar to that of 1896, which caused them to think straight about the money question. The best hope for st-aunch maintenance ' of American rights abroad and for ade quate defense of the country against foreign aggression is indicated In this extract from Mr. Davenport's article: But gradually a real body of public opinion about the war and what It meana to the t'nited States, to popular govern ment. to democracy, to the world's future. Is growing In America. The National pol icy of closing our eyes, of attempting; to stifle the fundamental and universal In stincts and ideals and aspirations of human ity, la dally proving itself more futile. Although we are likely to be kept from the physical Slaughter, we are Inevitably feeing drawn into the spiritual struggle. As he says, "the preparedness issue .has never been presented to the Mid dle West in accordance with the gen erous and patriotic spirit of that ex ceedingly Democratic section of our country." It will become the Repub lican National Convention's duty to place that Issue before the West in such a straightforward declaration o National duty, divested of all taint o sectionalism and Of all suspicion of militarism or of munition-makers' greed, that it will awaken that "gen erous and patriotic spirit." The Re publican party must restate American foreign policy as applied to presen conditions in Europe, America and Asia. It needs to undertake a cam paign of education on these subjects which will enable the West to under stand how vitally American interests are affected by those conditions and to think clearly to the right conclu sion, as the West did in 1896. Then we shall prove that the spirit of the W est is not expressed by Bryanism pacifism, warning resolutions or the little Americanism which would en trust our National safety to a non existent good will among nations. WHY IK) WE PAY TAXES? We frohlbltionists. Socialists and Indepen dents are taxed to help pay the expense of the primaries of the Democrat and Republi can parties and the registration of all voters is to protect the two old parties andwe are taxed for that loo, but a whole lot of foolish taxes come from these old partlea ana everybody is taxea to pay it. This is a vagrant paragraph from a Socialistic column In a country ex change. It reflects a somewhat com mon opinion among citizens who are not Republicans or Democrats, and other citizens who are Republicans some of the lime and Democrats the rest of the time, that the primary ought to be paid for by the interested political organizations. It seems to us that the whole mat ter revolves itself into the question as to whether a primary is a function of government. It used to be held that it was not. for political parties were purely volunteer creations and were privileged to run their own af fairs. But there was a change and we have the direct primary. Now the complaint as to the cost comes from the sources that demanded and got the primary to reform old methods. If the Socialists, or Prohibitionists, or Independents want a primary of their own. all they have to do is to cast "0 per cent of the total vote. Quite a simple and easy condition. If the Socialists. Prohibitionists and Independents are to be relieved of the cost of maintaining the primary be cause they do not have their own, the citizen who has no litigation or is not a criminal may ask to be excused from paying anything to sustain the courts and the machinery of Justice and the childless millionaire may plead to have his school tax remitted; and so on. hy should anyone pay any tax for anything unless he can specifically get something in return? A (OMPIJMEXTf The Salem Statesman has an inter esting exhibit in the form of three letters discussing the interesting and more or less certain political status of Honorable Ben Olcott, candidate be fore the Republican primary for Secre tary of State. Exhibit No. 1 is a communication from a citizen of Brooks, asking if Mr. Olcott is a Republican or a Demo crat and citing an article in a recent issue of the Oregon Voter wherein he was classified as a Democrat. Exhibit No. 2 is a communication from some unnamed person in Port- and, who offers the Voter article as proof that Mr. Olcott is a Democrat. 'Olcott," declares the Voter (C. C. Chapman, editor, publisher and pro prietor), "has not been in the confi dence of the (state) administration, as the Governor and Treasurer are Re publicans and Olcott is a Democrat." Exhibit No. 3 is a letter from C. C. Chapman, wherein it is said that an error had been made by the Voter, for "Mr. Olcott is and always has been Republican." Says Mr. Chapman urther: "The Voter's inadvertence was an unintended compliment to Mr. Olcott's especial fitness for re-election, and while inexcusable from an edi torial point of view it was a mistake which carried with it a significant les son." A compliment to refer to Mr. Olcott as a Democrat.' We wonder if Mr. Olcott feels that way about it. A CONTEST FOB AMERICAN (OMI'OsLBS Musicians within whom the spark of genius burns ever so lightly should look to the fifth biennial prize com petition for American composers and he second biennial National contest for young professional musicians which are to be conducted under the auspices, or the National federation f Musical Clubs. The one is open to composers born in the United States or those of American parentage in foreign countries, and the prize for the best operatic work probably will be $10,000, with additional prizes ranging from $75 to 1300 for shorter ompositions for any of the various in- truments. The other is an open coll ect for American-trained professional musicians to be decided on the per formance from memory of a set pro gramme of representative standard ompositions. The musicians will per form before a state or district Jury. The competition for American com. osers is of especial importance be- ause it is one of the rare opportun ities for American genius. The reward for success is sufficient to make it worth while and the motive which prompts the offer is genuine evidence of the growing appreciation of music as an art. We do not doubt that there are mong American composers several ho could write an opera well worth the $10,000 prize. The task is to spur hem on. Genius is ever hindered by physical disinclination. If in the life f the American, republic with its manifold problems and passions there is not in this era plenty for plot and Inspiration, then we must give up hope or the future. It is to be remembered hat Horatio Parker won the $10,000 prize with his "Mona" in the competition several years ago. Los ngeles gave it and produced he opera. In that contest there was evidence enough that there Is budding and mature genius In this country, and such contests as those conceived by the National Federation of Musical Clubs can, best of any agency apparent now, bring it to com plete efficiency. The federation says in a pamphlet recently issued that It has every reason to believe that a $10,000 prize again will be offered on conditions similar to those of 1913. Already the Amateur Musical Club, of Chicago, has offered more than $1000 for a cantata, concerto, sonata and so los. Other individual clubs will offer prizes on a corresponding scale with the one end in view of developing the creative musical genius of America. The sums to be given are well worth the physical energy required. The performing contests for young professional musicians are likewise of importance, and in Oregon, Mrs. Will iam Horsfall. Jr., 318 Central avenue, Marshfield. is In charge. There are musicians in Oregon wtiu should, en ter. Perhaps some already have made known their intention. It has long been matter of com, plaint among artists of the various callings that America offers little nourishment for genius. Perhaps the complaint is justified. But, if these music geniuses will take advantage of the contests, particularly that for com posers, this complaint may in time vanish. A hundred years ago saw the be ginning of a magnificent music era in Europe, especially in Germany, France and Italy. Some of the greatest operas of all time were written in Central and Southern Europe between 180 and 1869. Lord Chesterfield's critical comment on music as a liberal art "to be shunned by gentlemen" has long since lost its savor The recent tour of Mrs. Edward MacDowell, widow of the eminent American composer, no doubt did much to awaken Western musical genius. We would suggest that mu sicians interested in either of thes contests communicate with Mrs. A Ochsner, president of the National Federation of Musical Clubs, 210 Sedgwick street, Chicago. The West should be well represented in these competitions. CLEANING IP PORTLAND. Portland bids fair to start the new Summer with a clean slate. Clean-u plans are assuming larger proportion than ever before and the populace is rising against the few remaining strongholds of filth and litter. The plan worked out by the directing- committees in co-operation with the Chamber of Commerce Is elaborate and the instructions issued by work ers and organizers, if carried out, should leave the city comparatively clean when tho campaign is ended The organization should be extend ed until the active interest of 50,00 workers has been secured. It should be so perfected as to cover every block. Nor should the whole burden be imposed upon the hard-driven school children of the city. These children usually are counted upon to do the work, but the cleaning up of the city is an enterprise in which adults should give their full share o active attention. If every resident could be enlisted as a committee of one to clean up the litter for which he is responsible the whole problem would be simple. But the virtue o cleanliness and the spirit of civic pride are so weak in hundreds of in dividuals that others must shoulder the burden. However, there are thou sands with surplus interest and energy who can be depended upon to make up for the delinquencies of the sloth ful and indolent. The clean-up campaign has been announced and planned in ample time for big results. The work having been effectively planned, the plan should now be effectively worked Even more important, once cans, lit ter, dirt and filth have been removed from lots and basements they should be kept in banishment. After the city has been made spotless plans should be perfected for keeping it in that condition. Then municipal cleanliness will grow into a stable virtue rather than an annual revival. THE MBAD1LCA SEED. An interesting story is told by the export figures on sabadilla seeds from Venezuela, during the past, thirty years. Grown in small quantities, the highly'poisonous seeds of the sabadilla plant found a limited market in Ger many, where they were used in mak- ng dyes and for disinfectant purposes. Suddenly the German demand grew. and in 1913 an enormous output was encouraged and bought up by German firms, the entire exportation from Venezuela to Hamburg beir.jf 247,226 kilos. In 1914 the demand continued and 112,226 kilos were received in Germany before German ports were sealed and sabadilla was pronounced an absolute contraband. The reason of this heavy demand is now apparent. It is from the deadly seeds that the German poison gases are made. According to reports from he American Consul at La Guayra he seeds are so venemous that the harvesters must wear masks. The ef fects in the harvest field are not dis similar to those produced on the bat tlefield. The poison produces a spe cies of strangulation, and it wrought havoc in the ranks of the allies before masks were perfected against the greenish clouds of smoke that were hurled into the trenches by the hellish German asphyxiating devices. Thus South America has contributed to the German cause, and it is not unlike Latin-America to find a dire satis faction while recalling the British raids on Venezuela territory some twenty years ago. But it is interesting, even pleasant. to reflect that the allies are not seek ing now to corner the market. There is some call for the seeds from The Netherlands. But with Germany out of the market the sabadilla seed in dustry wanes. America wants noth ing to do with such a medium of war fare. Which indicates that frightful ness is not becoming a dominant hu man trait and that there are nations which. If forced to fight, are willing to abide by ordinary rules of human conduct in war and hit above the belt In their fighting. TINCHOT BLOCKS THE TRACK. Gifford Pinchot continues his prop aganda in favor of legislation which will hasten Federal control of water power and which will exact a rental that must surely be paid by the con sumer. He sends to newspapers all over the L'nited States letters de nouncing the Shields bill and all other bills which do not coincide with his views and grossly misrepresenting their provisions. In a letter received recently by an Oregon newspaper he says of the Shields bill: This bill turns over to- the power interests w-ater power equivalent to twice the mechan ical power o every Kina now used in tne Vnited Statee. or enough to meet the needs of 200.000.000 people. This it docs in per petuity, although pretending to limit tne grant to 50 years. It does no such thing. It authorizes the Secretary of War to grant permits for 50 years, to continue beyond that period only until he grants a new per mit to a new lessee or until the Gov ernment takes over the plant. If water power is to be developed, to whom should it be turned over but to the water-power interests? The bill provides for strict regulation of rules and service by the states. In which that authority is vested by the Con stitution. The water-power interests will be unable to use their privilege to the public injury, if the people elect competent and faithful public serv ants. Mr. Pinchot commends the House substitute to the Shields bill as mak ing no perpetual grant, but he says: Nevertheless. It Is not yet a good bill. For example. It givs away the public water powers witkput compensation. Xnera is no rMW" why tho water-power corporations biiouiu not pay ior wnat tney cel. ine rest of us do. The House bill does not give away the public water powers without com pensation, nor docs the Shields bill. Both bills entrust the water powers to lessees for development for the pub lic interest under restrictions which would prevent the companies from in cluding in their charges to the public any allowance for the use of that which costs them nothing. If the power interests are compelled to pay compensation, the amount they pay will be added to the rates which they charge to the public. The states would sanction that addition; if they did not, the power companies would be unable to obtain capital and the water power would remain undeveloped. By insisting on a charge for water-power leases. Mr. Pinchot proposes to place a burden on the ..public, not on the power companies. The only effect on the latter would be to limit the possi bility of their developing power by enhancing the cost of production and consequently the rates paid by the consumer and the available market. Any charge for the water rights should be made by the states, not by the Federal Government. The juris diction of the United States is limited to the safeguarding of navigation; subject to that limitation, the juris diction of the states is indisputable, having- been upheld by the United States Supreme Court for a century. The only true statement in Mr. Pinchot's letter is this: "What the people need is water-power de velopment on equitable terms without further delay. It is preceded, however, by the false statement that "in the last eight years the water-power interests have killed eight water-power develonmenr bills that were fair both to the corporations) ana to the public." Those bills were unfair to the corporations, the public ana tne states. They imposed im possible terms on investors and bur densome charges on the public; they usurped the sovereignty and confis cated the property of the states. The delay has been caused by the insist ence on these conditions by the Pin chot fanatics. If Congress will push Mr. Pinchot off the track, the water power train can go ahead. He is the obstructionist. The claims against Germanv bv those who suffered through the sink ing of the Lusltania will probably be only the first among a host of claims against not only Germany, but against Austria and against the allies. Ad justment of, these claims may con tinue for years after the close of the war and may establish a new line of precedents which, with the diplomatic agreement among: nations, will brine- about a complete recodification of in ternational law. The man who sells tobacco to a minor is to blame, because that is an offense against law; but so is the minor who smokes the tobacco guilty of an offense. A sense of fairness demands that justice cease to be jug- nanaieci. Girls at the normal school are be ing taught to wash dishes, and if a girl has lived enough years to attend that school without knowing how it certainly is high time for her to learn. Sale of the Teel irrigation bonds is a cheering sign that irrigation has re covered the standing in the monev market which it lost through specu lative operations. A shot fired at a Seattle real-estater hit a silver dollar and his life was saved. That is a lucky dollar and he should let his brethren wear it oc casionally. , The flood of telegrams which la be ing poured into Congress is so ob viously machine-made that it may be expected to defeat its purpose. The Market Inspector advises to shun straw-berry shortcake in the cheaper restaurants and will back his warning in Municipal Court. The daily seesaw of the contest for queen of the Festival is reaching the nteresting stage. So far it is any body's race. Having a strike on his hands. Sec retary Lane may now have a fellow- feeling for John D. Rockefeller, Jr. Probably the idea of the Seattle urist was that near-beer is not so un lawful as it is unsatisfactory. Polly Perkins' Paw is not the only gentleman who has a daughter wear ing a very short street skirt. Sir Roger Casement, perturbed spirit, is where he belongs in prison as a patriot who failed. The heroes of Alamo were honored n I exas. w hy not the forgotten heroes of vera Cruz? High water .should start in just after the primaries to effect the proper combination. Time for candidates to begin show- ng themselves and saying a few words in meeting. Douglas County has the honor of the first Oregon straw-berries in the Portland market. A hop contract at 12 cents just now may make all the difference six months hence. Portland will be famed as a city of parks and parkings as the number of cars grow. Martial law has been declared throughout Ireland, the worst that could happen. May be the other derelicts will ob- ect to proximity of the dog pound at Kelly Butte. Hetty Green is not very sick if she can attend to the details of her big interests. Municipal links for grownups, but nowhere can the child use roller kates. Lightning is getting altogether too frisky in this hitherto immune sec tion. The Eastern Oregon ovine is be- ginning to shed his Winter garb. Is the Afro-American aware the Big Discord is coming back? All the loyal Irishmen are not Orangemen. Ko game yesterday. How to Keep Well By rr. W. A. Erans. Questions pertinent to hygiene, sanitation and prevention of disease, if matters of gen eral Interest, will be answered in this col umn. Where space will not permit or the subject in- not suitable, letter will be per sonally answered, subject to proper limita tions and where stamped, addressed en velope is inclosed. Dr. Evans will not make diagnosis or prescribe' for individual dis eases. Requests for such service cannot be answered. tt'opyrlght. 191B. by Dr. TV. A. Evans. Published by arrangement with Chicago Tribune.) A FEW EXCEPTIONAL, CH1LDHEX. DR. T. A. WILLIAMS recites the fol lowing cases: A girl 11 years old lost interest in her lessons, , sought by fibbing to evade her duties, became greedy to the point of gluttony, and went . through a round of facial grimaces constantly. Always a stout child, within a year or two she hd become very fat. Later she became very lethargic, dropping- off to sleep while at the table or in the middle of a task. "This caused a suspicion that the pituitary body was at fault. Se was given the sugar test for disease of the pituitary. It was found that she could eat very large quantities of sugar without having sugar in the urine. She had great increase in weight, torpor, mental weakness and consequent change in behavior, also great toler ance for sugar all signs of pituitary insufficiency. She was given pituitary gland and got well. It was kept up until she had passed through puberty. Her trouble never returned. If an exceptional child is thin, wiry, very restless, excitable, with a rapid pulse, there is considerable possibil ity than an examination will show that the child is too well supplied with thyroid. On the other hand, if an exceptional child is slow in mind; if it cannot think as quickly as other children: if it moves around slowly; if the general air is one of sluggishness; if the body is coarse and stunted, and particularly if the limbs are short, the lips thick, the nose bulbous, the ears thick, and the skin lifeless and thick; if the hair is coarse when these signs are present the probability is that examination will show that there is deficient thyroid gland secretion. Certain exceptional children have poor circulation, cold feet and hands, incapacity for severe exertion, and low ered resistance to infections. Such children have deficiency in the adrenal gland secretion. Certain children are very subject to croup, are flabby, and unable to resist. infections. Examination often shows this group to have too much thymus gland. Not all exceptional children are such by reason of abnormalities in their ductless glands. Within certain limits a child can be made exceptional by varia tion in his physical environment. Chil dren need more fresh air proportionate to their weight than do grovn people. They burn up more food and make more heat pound for pound. They are liable to become fretful if kept indoors, espe daily after meals. This fretfulness may react on the child's mental makeup and influence his social standing among his playmates. Dr. Williams holds that a child that i naturally standard mentally and phys ically may be made exceptional by im proper feeding. The best diet for 1 neurotic child is a plentiful supply of such cereal foods as are prepared from entire wheat, oats and rice, supple merited by an abundance of fruit, espe cially bananas. Some meat is required. He says that rickets is by some re garded as due to lack of proper exer cise. Poor children cannot play for fear of street accidents; rich children "be cause they are paraded in perambula tor by thoughtless mothers. Possibly the condition of the excre tions may play a part in the develop ment of mental abnormality in children. Children should not be given purga tives habitually. Regulation of the bow els by increasing the amount of fruit and vegetables eaten presents no dif ficulties. Rupture In IlabicM. G. B. asks: "(1) Iy baby boy was born in a hospital and remained there until he was 15 days old. About three weeks after we brought him home we discovered that he had a right in guinal hernia. Was he born with this? "(2) Can anything be done for a rup ture before the baby walks? "(3) Is there any reason why a baby should not be allowed to sleep on his left side equally as long as on the right? "(4) Will it not harm baby to allow him to look at the electric light? "(5) What harm will it do him to suck his fingers? "I would be very grateful for your answer, as I am only the father of the baby and cannot get any satisfaction out of his mother, maternal grandmoth er, nor the doctor who has collected a fee for consultation. Unfortunately, the baby cannot talk for himself." niiPLY. 1. Some babies are born ruptured; others become ruptured during the first weeks of life. Tho tissue which closes the hernial openings is not formed until a short time before birth. It may fail to form or It may form but be too weak to stand much strain. 2. Yes. A truss properly fitted and con tinually worn will euro many cases of rup ture in babies. If a truss is used the rup ture must bo kept up with the finger when the truss is taken off for any purpose. J. No. 4. BriKht lights should not be allowed to shine directly into a baby's face. Incidental looking at an electric light by a baby over a month old will not harm him. fl. Derange his digestion, carry dirt and bacteria Into his mouth, deform th-a mouth. There is hope for the man who kaow not and knows that he knows not. Btiy either Holt. Smith. Oriffith. Tweddell. Kil mer. Dennett or Dunn and read it. Cure for Mammerlnjr. Mrs. L R. F. writes: "I am the moth er of a bright boy, 12 years old, who stutters badly. Nothing; has so far helped him in his great distress. We are ready to make any sacrifice accord ing to our ability to effect a cure. We now seek the aid you may render through you-r most valuable column. Can he be cured? What should we do?" REPLT. Had you started with him when he was vory young you , wouia nave louna uuro rather easy. At his age cure requires pa tience and persistence. A few of the uni versities and well developed school systems have classes for stammerers, stutterers and lispers. Try your state university. Read an article on the subject in th-3 March number of the Interstate Medical Journal. 'Eating Coffee. Mrs. L. M. writes: "Do you think it is injurious to eat unground coffee say. about five beans at a time and about six times a day?" REPLY. N-o. Wages in Ford Branch. PORTLAND. April 26. (To the Edi tor.) A says tlrsre is not one employe of the Ford factory branch in Portland but who receives at least $5 per day. B disagrees. Who is correct? SUBSCKIBBK. All employes of the Portland branch of the Ford Motor Company, who are at least 22 years of age and who have served at least six months on proba tion are now receiving $5 a day or more for their labors. Even those who are under 22 years of age who are married or who have families depend ing upon them are given the full $5 a day or more. Absolutely no exceptions are made to this rule because of the nature of the employment. During the six months' probation period the new Iwurftiucii nits itiiu ? icuia an uuul ui more, BIO FOIlTliVES MADE IX SHIPS Tales Which Rival Those of Bonanza Mining; Days Are Told. New Tork Commerce and Finance. The New Tork agent of the Scandinavian-American line is in receipt of the annual report of the United Steam ship Company of Copenhagen, which controls the line. It shows the United Company's fleet earned $10,000,000 net in 1915. A dividend of 25 per cent was declared after $4,000,000 had been placed in reserve. The vessels of the company more than doubled in value owing to the war. As an illustration it is said the line received offers of more than $3,000, 000 for the newest ship, the Frederik VIII. which cost about $1,500,000. The huge profits are shared in a measure by the commanders, officers and crews of the ships, the skippers receiving a bonus equal to 70 per cent of their salaries. The Scandinavian-American fleet has four passenger carriers, the Frederik VIII, United States. Oscar II and Hellig Olav. That is what an established company has done, but adventurous individuals have had more amazing- profits. There is a story told in commercial circles of a gentleman who formerly was in the importing business in New York and who at one time was quite prosperous. He knew a good deal about vessels, and occasionally chartered ships to bring stuff to this country. He had a home on Riverside Drive and lived in excellent style. Suddenly every thing went wrong with him. His busi ness went to smash and he was reduced to such straits that he had to send his wife abroad to live with his father and mother. When the war started he had little or no money, but he was undaunted. There were some men who had confi dence in him. One was a Westerner, to whom he explained at length his belief that there was a fortune to be made in ships: that there would be such a scarcity owing to war's demands on tonnage that a steamer would ba a floating gold mine. The Westerner was o impressed that he agreed to put up enough money to cover the initial payment on two steamers that were on the market then at a very low price. Later he advanced money for the char ter of other vessels. The men formed a company. Freight rates betran to advance and the company made profits from the start. The men pressed their good fortune. They managed to get long-time charters on eight steamships. Now they own two vessels outright, and it will be many, many months be fore the charters of the others expire. The Westerner has had all the money he advanced repaid and his half in terest in the shipping business threat ens to make him richer than he ever expected to be. The man who was broke, but had an idea, now is sending $250 a week pin money to his wife abroad, has made his father and mother wealthy ana figures that his personal fortune today is at least $1,000,000. He has a fine suite of offices downtown, employs a large staff of assistants, has more freight offered than his 10 steam ships can handle, and the longer the war lasts the richer he will become. THE DEVASTATIVG DIVORCE EVII. Correspondent Wonders if Seic Are to Be Arrayed in Social War. BUTTE VI LLK. Or., April 23. (To the Editor.) The editorial appearing in The Sunday Oregonian. April 16, en titled, "The Growing Monster of Di vorce" is most timely and should be read by all citizens who have the good of humanity at heart. The social evil pales in comparison with the divorce evil in its devastating influence upon society. The ease with which a divorce is ob tained in many Western States, es pecially in Oregon, may account for the increased ratio of divorce in this state. The causes alleged by plaintiff for divorce, particularly when the plaintiff is a woman, grow more numerous every year and Judges be fore whom these cases come seem to find in trivial accusations valid rea sons for severing- the conjugal knot. The Western divorce court has be come a pallad.tim for dissatisfied mar ried women. The alluring prospect of freedom from .tic matrimonial state, tinseled with the prospect of a cash alimony, is too alluring to be resisted. Judges a-e only human and are prone to look to their own political interests as others do. ir tne west a new po litical influence has speared and how far this influences Judges of divorce courts can be onl- conjectuied; but judging from the trifling causes rec ognized by som Judges, at least, as sufticier.t grounds for granting the woman a decree of divorce and award ing her alimony, it is reasonable to in fer that too often the Judge shapes his decision with reference to his own political prospects at the next elec tion. Herein lies an argument in support of an appointed instead of an elected judiciary. Should this country ever have the uniform Federal law, as men tioned by you, and should it be possible that divorce cases could be heard by Federal Judges only, then it might be safely predicated that the ratio of di vorce to marriage would fall to a point more nearly compatible with the safety of society. Less agitation, too, of "Sex Hygiene, Eugenics and Birth Control" mifrht tend toward the same result. Great knowledge is sometimes followed by rc-at disaster. The divorce court in Oregon is a stumbling block in the pathway of many a voung man matrimonially in- ined. H hesitates when he sees be fore him so many homes wrecked by the divorce decree obtained on flimsy grounds, the wife and children taken from the husband. alimony ordered paid in money to the wife, who is at liberty to go where and do what she pleases and the husband, if the alimony be not paid whether he be able to pay it or not, arrested and prosecuted as a common criminal. Are the sexes to be arrayed in a social war, one against the other? RANDOLPH WOOLWORTH. WHY PROSPERITY IS IN THE AIR Outlook for Republican Sucrctta Cred ited hy Salem Reader.' SALEM, Or., April 26. (To the Edi tor.) In a recent issue of a Portland publication was a double column edi torial on the wonderiul prosperity of the country. Every wage earner, every manufacturer, every business man, every professional man, every agricul turist on the Pacific Coast knows by sad experience that we have had little or no prosperity for the past four years. Experience furnishes the best evidence on that point. The indications of future prosperity are promising on account of the flat tering prospects of Republican success at the coming election. All become op timistic when a change from a Demo cratic admistration to a Republican one is assured. History, the silent, unimpeachable witness, furnishes the best evidence on that point. Not long since the Brad street Company sent out a report which said: "The year 1915 saw the greatest number of failures ever recorded in this country in a calendar year, with liabil ities heavier than but five years of the past. Tnere were 19,035 failures re ported in 1915 with liabilities of $248. 000.000. This number was double the failures of 1909 and ' one-third larger than those of 1910 or 1911." The report of a concern like Brad street's is much better evidence than a mere statement in a publication that tries to become popular by trimming its sails to catch every passing breeze. W, O, BTNiS, i In Other Days. Half a Century Ago. From The OrcKonian of April '. 1SHC. AVashingrton. April 2d. Another Mex ican proposition was offered in the House yesterday in Hie shape of a joint resolution authorizing the Secretary of the Navy to sell arms, vessels and mu nitions of war to any Rovernnient on the continent .with which we have diplomatic relations. Of course this can mean nothing but the Republic of Mex ico. The copperhead papers all over tho country are solemnly warning the peo ple of the intention of Messrs. Sumner and Stevens to assassinate the Presi dent. Such charges are very easily made. Hereafter coin of all denominations struck at the San Francisco mint will bear the legend, "In God We Trust." In addition to the other devices, which are left comparatively unchanged. The Fenian Guards, Captain Mc Cormick, are making considerable prep aration for their May-day picnic and target excursion to come off on Tues day next on the grounds selected below this city near Springville. Twenty-five learn Abo. From The Oregonian of April S. ISM. While attempting to rob the gun store of Strowbridge. Bodman & Co. early yesterday morning. William Hayes was killed. The burglar was shot by A. B. Strowbridge. New York, April 27. The annual din ner in commemoration of the birthday of General Grant was held at Delmon ico's tonight and was attended by many notables. The Hon. Joseph H. Choate presided. An audience that filled every seat and all available standing room attended the first presentation in this city last night of Charles H. Hoyt's latest and screaming success. "A Texas Steer. " it was Riven at the Marquam Grand Theater. A project is on foot among the Odd fellows of this city to have the session of the Sovereipn Grand Lodge of that order held in this city in lSO'. Jack Harris, or. as he was more fa milarly called, "Pop" Harris, an old timer, fell down the hack stairs of the, Holton House yesterday afternoon and was almost instantly killed. J. K. Gill, who has been confined to his house for about a week, was able to be in his office again yesterday. cnizuNsiiii" OF ALIK.VS WIFE The Oregoninn's Authority for State ment tilven to "J. L. Mac." CORVALLIS, Or.. April 26. (To the Editor.) Your answers in issue of February 11, under headings "Alien Wife's Rights" and "Citizenship of Widows'' confuse me. Does an adult female citizen o tne l'nited States lose said citizenship upon marriage, to an alien? If so. phase quote authority. What about Section 1 of Article X1Y, Amendments to L'nited States Constitu tion? To what law do you refer as the "recent alien voting law?" Is there any such law in Oregon'.' J. L. MAC. By the act of Match 2, 1!'07. any woman marrying an alien or foreigner takes the nationality of the husband until the marital relation is dissolved. This law was contested in California in the case known as McKenzie vs. Hare et al, which went to the United States Supreme Court, which upheld the act of March 2, 1307. Justice McKenna writing tho opinion. This case which is the most remit lo come under the notice of H. B. Hazard, of the United States Naturalization Service, in Tort land, was, briefly, that of an American born woman, marrying an alien who was a subject of Great Britain. She attempted to register in California and was refused the right. The case went through the courts to the highest tribunal and the Supreme Court decision would seem to be the last word. In this case the Supremo Court of the United States held that marriage with an alien might, involve international complications and, therefore, was tanta mount to expatriiition on the part of the woman who so married and was clearly a case within the jurisdiction of Congress as expressed in the act of March 2, 1907. This decision may be found in the 239th report of the United States Supreme Court, page 299. The decision was rendered December 5, 1915. The "recent alien law" was the law passed in Oregon at the list election making naturalization (.which means full naturalization with final papers) necessary to voting rights within this state. JI'tlK'S CANDIDACY SIGNIFICANT Need of Dry" Vote In Coming Election Should Not Be Overlooked. PORTLAND. April 26. (To the Edi tor.) If Walter II. Evans must have opposition to his icnominal ion for the office of District Attorney it is indeed fit that John Mi-Cup should be, tho champion of the contesting force. That it is to be a 'wet" and "dry" contest is. of course, self evident. As Pistrict Attorney Mr. Evans has stood squarely and vigorously ior ia w t-n- foreement. fitted against mm in tno recent Schultz case stood John Alctuc, attorney for the defense. If anything was needed to accentu ate the devotion of the liquor interests for Mr. McCue the surprising (if not shameful) acquittal of George Schultz must have furnished it. 1 question whether one could find a "wet" who failed to register. But how about the "drys"? Every one of these "wet" votes will naturally go to Mc Cue. Ignorance us to the real issue, apathy and personal friendship will each bring him many others.. Therefore, his candidacy must not bo taken other than very seriously. A McCue victory would be a "wet" victory and a very serious blow to the enforcement of the liquor law. There should be a vigorous campaign for the renomination of Mr Evans, not for his sake, but rather for the triumph of the integrity and efficiency he has ex emplified in the fulfillment of his duties as District Attorney. ANTI-BLIND PIG. Future Son-in-Lan, Birmingham Age-Herald. "My daughter cannot exist without at least three servants," said the proud mother to her future son-in-law. "Leave that to me," answered the young man. "But will you be able to provide them for her?" "No. but 1 will be able to prove conclusively that she can exist with only one." The Testing Laboratory When the manufacturer wants to make a test he does not use a car load of material. Rather he sends a specimen to the laboratory and then judges results. The newspaper is tho advertising laboratory for National distributors. Tests can be made on a limited scale .and results judged without bankrupting the treasury. tepi P
