TIXE MORNING OREGONIAH" MONDAY. APRIIi 17, 1916.
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PORTLAND, MONDAY, APRIL, 17, 1916.
I THE ITAH POWER CASE.
If any doubt exist3 as to whether
th states, entirely independent of
power corporations, are wronged by
the water policy which the executive
officers of the Government pursue and
which the Ferris and Adamson bills
are designed to make permanent, it
should be removed by the Intervention
of six states In the appeal of the Beav
er River Power Company against the
United States befor the Supreme
Court.
In this case the Attorney-Generals
of Utah, Colorado, Idaho, Nevada, Ne
braska and Oregon have intervened In
the name of their states. Advocates
of Federal control over waterpower
allege that opposition to their policy is
Instigated by that figment of their
imagination the power trust and
proves that the public officers of these
states are controlled by this trust and,
if left free to regulate the power in
dustry, would do so in the Interest of
the corporations and against that of
the public. That is a charge of cor
ruption and incapacity apainst six
states so monstrous as to be incredible.
The case of the states as shown in
the Joint brief of five among them is
so strong that no cause exists for sud
prlse that the administration has asked
the Supreme Court to postpone hearing
of the appeal until a newly-appointed
Judge who is presumed to be biased in
its favor has been seated. The states
show that Governmental Jurisdiction
over water is vested in the states ex
cept as to navigation, and that own
ership of water in the public land
states is also vested in the states. They
fhow that the United States has no
Governmental prwer over public land;
that lta rights are simpry those of pro
prietors. They also show that the
right of the states and their citizens
to condemn Government land for pub
lic use has been recognized by the
courts and by Congress.
All these fundamental principles re
lating to the ownership and use of wa
ter, and of public land as auxiliary to
that use, have been established by an
unbroken line of decisions by the Fed
eral courts extending from a few years
after the adoption of the United States
Constitution to very recent times. They
prove the action of the Forest Service
and the Interior Department in recent
years and the proposed legislation to
be flagrant usurpation of the rights
of the states.
It is shown by the states' attorneys
that all legislation by Congress has
hitherto carefully recognized the rights
of the states which are now brought
into question. The local laws and cus
toms basing the right to water oi ap
propriation and us have been recog
nized by Congress for fifty years. Right
of way over public land necessary to
use of water has been granted by tbat
body, as to domestic purposes, min
ing and Irrigation and, when develop
ment of electric current by water pow
er beg-an, was granted as to that use
also. I
This was the act of a proprietor,
similar to that of a farmer who volun
tarily gTants right of way to a rail
road. But the power of a public serv
ice corporation under the authority of
the state to condemn right of way
through public land against the oppo
sition of the Government has also been
recognized by the Federal Courts. Ex
ercise of these rights was declared by
Congress to be subject to the laws of
the state or territory, and the Interior
Department prior to the rise of Pinch
otism held Its authority to be limited
to that of a recording office, which
should show where such rights had
been initiated and where they- had
lapsed, use being the condition of their
retention.
The Forest Service is shown to have
flagrantly violated the law by exceed
ing Its powers and by assuming legis
lative power which was not granted
and which Congress had no constitu
tional authority to grant. The laws of
1S97 reserving National forests pro
vides that no such "reservation shall be
established except to Improve and pro
tect the forest within the reservation,
or for the purpose of securing favor
abel conditions of water flows and to
furnish a continuous supply of timber
for the use and necessities of citizens
of the United States." and no land was
to be included that was more valuable
for minerals or agriculture than for
forest purposes. The Secretary of the
Interior was authorized to make such
regulations "as will insure the objects
of such reservation, namely, to regu
late their occupancy ar use and to
preserve the forests therein from de
struction." The law also provided:
All waters on such reservations may he
tid for domestic, mining, milling or Irri
gation purposes under the laws of the state
wherrln such f.-rest reservations are sit
uated, or under the laws of the United States
and the rules and regulations established
thereunder.
The laws of the state in question are
those regulating the appropriation and
use of water. The laws of the United
States referred to are those granting
the right of way over public land to
facilitate that use. In both cases the
laws were extended to cover power de-4
elopment-
"Regulations were made by the Ag-
ricultural Department as to National
forests and by the Interior Department
as to public land outside of National
forests which far exceed the- power
here granted. These regulations com
prise a complete law- governing- the
grant for Ions terms, though subject
to revocation, of right to develop pow
er. They exact rents and collect reve
nue from these grants, and under this
disguise exercise the taxing power.
They were given "supervision," but
they claim "Jurisdiction." They have
assumed authority which the Federal
law expressly recognized as vested in
the states. No authority was given to
grant franchises to power companies
or to impose and collect charges. The
Federal right of way laws authorize
no such charge as to the land, and the
states alone can Impose such charges
as to the witter. The two departments
have usurped powers of the states
which, the Supreme Court has held,
the states could not surrender to the
Nation If they wished, and. have exer
cised powers of Federal legislation
which Congress did not and could not
delegate to them. "
If the Supreme Court decides all the
questions raised in the Beaver River
case, it will fix at ' once all the lim
its between Federal and state Jurlsdic.
tion over water and over public land
In view of the strong- case made for
the states, there is good ground for
confidence that the decision will put
an end to Pinchotism and all like at
tempts at Federal usurpation.
PESSIMISTIC.
The City Commission has tacitly ad
mitted that it cannot properly conduct
a dog pound. It has farmed the busi
ness out to the Humane Society.
The Commission once went into the
wood business. It not only imposed
a hardship on many persons who were
counting on wood sales to pay the cost
of clearing up land, but lost a pile of
wood a mile anS-a half long.
The things the Commission does do
it undertakes usually after much
wrangling.
In the light of facts and events we
are unable to become enthused over
Mr. Daly's scheme to install a muni
cipal lighting plant. Somebody might
walk off with the power house. Or the
League to Enforce Peace would have
to be called in to run it.
In any event, what is the use in
votoing on the question? The people
deny the Commission the right to do
a thing and the Commission does it
any way.
THE CASE OF PROHIBITION".
SAX FRANCISCO. April 13. (To the Edi
tor.) Regarding your article under date of
April 1, l'.ili). under the heading "Boose
Sale Wavers, Prosperity Gaina." I wish to
call your attention to the sub-heading,
"Merchants Report Increased Trade, With
Cash Available."
I would appreciate your advising; me how
you can account for the decrease in bank
clearings in Portland of 4.O"i0.lO for the
first quarter of this year, as against the first
quarter of 11)15, in a dry territory, as against
the Increase of over $lu0.fKH),OUO In the bank
clearings in San Francisco for the first
quarter of this yesr over the first quarter
6f lll.-, a wet territory.
I would greatly appreciate your giving me
an expression in this regards.
M. H. LEVIN.
The Oregonian can account for a
very considerable portion of the de
crease in bank clearings for the first
quarter of 1916 by citing: the unprece
dented weather conditions. Business
was interferred with during most of
the quarter and for a time the de
partment stores were keeping employes
on duty only half time.
Bank clearings indicate the amount
of checks drawn on one bank and
cashed by another. Consequently
consolidation of banks reduces the to
tal clearances. Two large banks In
Portland consolidated in October, 1915.
That alone Is probably sufficient to
account for the comparative decrease
between the first quarter of 1915 and
the first quarter of 1916.
We think the most hopeful prophet
of economic improvement to follow
prohibition would not have predicted
an increase in clearings Jn three
months. In the first quarter of 1915
there were upwards of 400 saloons In
Portland. Each one had its trade.
Most of them made a practice of cash
ing checks, which ultimately went
through the clearing-house. On Jan
uary 1, 1916, the saloons went out of
business. Local trado in their com
modities totally ceased and a large
number of checks naturally went di
rect to the bank on which they were
drawn.
We have never heard it predicted
that all the money previously ex
pended for intoxicants would at once
be devoted to the purchase of dry
goods, groceries, shoes, real estate,
automobiles or other articles of trade
and barter. But if a portion of that
money is expended with the merchants
it is quite comprehensible to us that
the merchants' business would show an
increase and the total of bank clear
ings still be less than when the saloons
were in business. ,
. The Oregonian, hrAvever, is not
ready to express the opinion that abol
ishment of the liquor traffic has
proved of economic benefit to Portland
or Oregon nor ready to express an
opinion that it has not. We have had
no expectation that the economic case
for or against prohibition would .be
proved in three months or six months
or twelve months.
TESTING MORTAL WINGS.
Some three years ago, when a
trans-Atlantic aeroplane flight was an
nounced, people tapped their heads
significantly. Another aeronautical
crank gone mad was the universal
conclusion, and the dismal failure of
the venture lent color to the suspicion.
But this year, when we learn that the
same thing will be attempted, not even
the most radical doubting Thomas will
sneer. " During- the past two years
achievements of birdmen have become
so marvelous that nothing is longer
regarded as impossible In the way of
endurance flights.
Rodman Wanamaker again Is or
ganizing the trans-oceanic expedition
and plans are so well progressed that
the super-aeroplane, or triplane, is un
der construction. "It is to be-the big
gest heavier-than-air flying machine
ever constructed, which Is saying a
great deal, since Russia has aircraft
which convey as many as thirty-two
passengers. There will be a driving
power of 1 800-horsepower. This will
be provided by six"twelve-cylinder mo
tors of an entirely new design, each
motor having 300-horsepower. A crew
of six men will be required to operate
the huge man-bird. The route has
not yet been determined, although the
starting point probably will be St.
Johns. N. F.
If the ambitious undertaking is
a complete success a new era in
transportation will have been opened.
The total time of flight is estimated at
thirty hours. Let a few huge aero
craft pass from continent to continent
in safety and a new commerce will be
built up very shortly. Of course, the
problems of weathering severe storms
and of providing safety devices and
coiult-rta.bje living accommodations for
passengers will have to be adjusted.
But those are details. There are grow
ing evidences that man is destined to
become a flying- animal at no remote
period.
MRS.I CHADWICK.
The name of Chadwick has an hon
orable and distinguished place in the
history of Oregon and Washington
in Oregon through the long and impor
tant public service of Stephen Fowler
Chadwick, and in Washington through
the high place achieved by his son
Stephen J. Chadwick, now a Justice
of the Supreme Court there.
Ex-Governor Chadwick, who died at
Salem in 1895, had come to Oregon
in 1851, and had identified himself at
once with the group of pioneer men
and women who were conspicuous in
the development of Southern Oregon.
He was a lawyer and naturally parti
cipated in political activities. He was
a member of Oregon's Constitutional
convention and a candidate for Presi
dential elector on the Democratic
ticket in 1860 and 1864. He was elect
ed Secretary of State in 1870, and in
1874 was re-elected, becoming Gover
nor in 1877, upon the resignation of
Governor Grover to be United States
Senator. Throughout this time, and
later, Governor Chadwick was promi
nent in fraternal work,' and won ex
ceptional distinction as a Mason.
The place of Stephen F. Chadwick In
Oregon belongs to what might be re
garded as the second group of pioneers
the courageous and capable men
and women who came to the North
west in large numbers in the early
'50's; but he was contemporaneous
both wlih earlier pioneers, such as
Lane and Gaines, and with those later,
such as Dolph, Mitchell, Williams,
Kelly, Gibbs, Nesmith, Smith, Grover,
Pennoyer, Slater, Pittock. Baker, El
kins, Harding, Deady, Bush, and a
host of others, who were active in the-
war period, and after, and who for the
most part have passed on. He was a
genial, industrious, capable, and hon
est man, and he deserves, and has a
prominent niche in the Oregon hall of
fame.
The death of his widow, Mrs. Jane
Chadwick, last week, serves again as
a reminder that the ranks of the pio
neers are fast growing- thinner. Mrs.
Chadwick survived her husband by
more than twenty years, living to a
serene age, in the conscious knowledge
that she possessed the deep affection
of children, relatives, and many
friends. . She was fortunate in having
good health, a most cheerful nature,
and the pleasant memories of a long
and happy life. She had through her
association with Governor Ch-.dwick,
a personal part in many of the impor
tant and Interesting events of the ter
ritory and state, and her-recollections
of them were vivid and refreshing, and
her willingness and ability to tell of
them were among her many delightful
qualities. The passing of Mrs. Chad
wick leaves a void at Salem and in
Oregon which will not be filled.
HOW PCGET SOUND WAS WON,
Few citizens of what once was the
Oregon country realize by what course
of evepts that stretch of the Columbia
river which now bounds Oregon and
Washington was prevented from be
coming the boundary between the
United States and Canada. But for the
pioneers who settled at Olympla and
for those who scattered along the Cow
litz, the claim of the United States to
the territory which was finally award
ed to it would have been much weaker.
How this came about is related by
Prof. Edmond S. Meany. In the Wash
ington Historical Quarterly.
When Dr. John McLoughlin moved
the chief post of the Hudson Bay
Company from Fort George (Astoria)
to Fort Vancouver, in 182 7, the coun
try north of the lower Columbia was
British ,by occupation, though nomi
nally under Joint occupation. Com
munication between Fort 'Vancouver
and Fort Langley, near the mouth of
the Eraser, was kept up by sailing ves
sel or by. boat up the Cowlitz, by por
tage across the prairies to Puget Sound
and by canoe down the Sound. The
Nisqually House, which became Fort
Nisqually, was founded ins 1833, as a
half-way house on the Sound, and was
the first white man's home on that
body of water. Dr. McLoughlin tried
to keep the country to the north ex
clusively British and thus to secure it
for the British crown by diverting
American missionaries and settlers to
the Willamette Valley.
But as early as 1837 the attention
of the United States Government was
called to the Importance of Puget
Sound. In that year William A. Slo-
cum, a Government agent, after spend
ing a few weeks In the Oregon country.
reported that the Hudson Bay Com
pany was trying to fix the British hold
on the northern half by inducing Its
retired employes to settle in the Cow
litz Valley. Of Puget Sound he said:
"I urge in the mosbyearnest manner
that this point should never be aban
doned," and suggested that the United
States claim "at least as far as 49 de
grees of north latitude" in order to
take It in. In .1840 two American
Methodist missionaries J. P. Rich
mond and W. H. Wilson built the
first American homes at Nisqually
House and Were visited In 1841 by
Commander Charles Wilkes' exploring
expedition, which Joined them in cele
brating the Fourth of July, but in that
year the mission was abandoned.
The first permanent "American set
tlement on the Sound was made four
years fater, while the country still rang
with Polk s campaign cry: Fifty-four
forty or fight." Michael T. Simmons
arrived from Kentucky at Fort Van
couver in 1844, intending to go to the
Rogue River Valley, but on being in
formed that American settlers must
not go north of the ColunYbia he de
cided to go these. After a preliminary
trip up the Cowlitz, he started with
eight companions In July, 1845, and
they founded near the falls of the De
chutes the town of Newmarket, the
name) of which was afterwards changed
to Tumwater. ..It. Simmons returned
for, his family in October and was
accompanied on the second trip by
four other families and two single men.
He built a sawmill, a gristmill atsd
the first store on the site of what Is
now Olympia.
The British factors showed the
same generosity to the Olympia set
tlers as they had shown to other
American pioneers and were sports
manlike rivals for sovereignty. Pro
fessor Meany says:
Chic-f Factors McLousrlilin and James
Douglas sent orders to Nlwiually House that
the Americana should be supplied with
necessary food. The prices asked were very
reasonable, and the people to whom these
fnvors were granted were the same ones
who bad recently violated the orders not to
settle north of the Columbia River.
We get a hint in a letter from Dr.
W. J. Tolmie. last of the Hudson Bay
Company's officers on Puget Sound,
which .Professor Meany quotes, that,
but for Polk's jingo campaign cry,
he might have won "Fifty-four forty"
without fighting. Great Britain had
many troubles, including a Canadian
rebellion, between 1831 and 1846 and
was apathetic about further acquisi
tions in North America, but Dr. Xolmie
wrote:
The Government was probably roused by
the Incessant and not unnatural nudging of
the Hudson Bay Company and by Polk's
loud crow of "Fifty-four forty or fight."
But for these agencies all might have been
yielded. ,
In those days and under the Joint
occupancy agreement, possession was
indeed nine points of the law. By
taking possession Mr. Simmons and his
party made easy the fixing of the
boundary at the forty-ninth parallel.
Had other settlers gone farther
north of the Fraser River, Burrard
Inlet and other inlets beyond. Polk
might, by making less noise, have
made the United States coast continu
ous from the Arctic Ocean to the Mexi
can line.
There is a strange contradiction be
tween the abundance of money in the
banks, as shown by the Controller's
last statement, and the comparative
absence of speculative enterprise
throughout the country. One would
expect that with an Increase for one
year of 20 per cent in resources and
25 per cent in deposits, and with a
further lending power of $3,000,000,000
to $4,000,000,000, speculative borrow
ing would be rife, especially when
every Industry Is speeded up and mak
ing rich profits. The explanation prob
able is that the people have taken to
heart the lesson of caution taught by
the depression which preceded the
present boom. They know that the
source of the present glut of money
Is artificial and that thelood of prof
its on foreign sales w;hich now flows
inward may as quickly flow .outward
when peace is restored. They hesitate
to commit themselves to investments,
of w-hich the prospective source of
profit may be destroyed' before they
are completed. To these motives for
conservatism are to be added the un
certainties of the election and of the
United States being drawn into the
war.
The divorce case of Dr. and Mrs.
Ross is a reminder to -parents that
they are not the only or the chief
sufferers by conjugal discord. Their
general quarrels react most harmfully
upon their children, to whom they
have assumed a lifelong duty. The
least of the injury is the deprivation
of the care and society of one parent.
Still greater harm is done by the ex
ample of irreconcilable quarrels and
by the destruction of a "child's respect
for one or both parents. The child
learns by example that the bond of
matrimony can be lightly cut and that
it Implies no consideration for the
children. When a couple brings a
child into the world, the man and wife
morally give bond to keep the peace
for the good of the child. Selfishness
and indifference to the moral claims
of their children are a fruitful cause
of divorce.
Colonel Roosevelt can truly claim to
be a peacemaker and a peacekeeper.
He ended the Russo-Japanese war and
prevented war between the United
States and Japan. He stopped the
blockade of Venezuela without blood
shed. He preserved peace, and it was
peace with honor, because he let the
world know that, if a blow was struck
at the American Nation, it would
strike back. His successor has pre
served peace without honor because
he has given the world to understand
that, when a blow is struck at this
Nation, It will not strike back. The
difference between Colonel Roosevelt
and President Wilson is not the dif
ference between one who aches for
a fight and one who loves peace; it
Is the difference between different
kinds of peacelovers.
Not many farmers have the nerve,
when finding "an old dead cow down
the lane," to dress the carcass and
ship it to Portland, but a Marion
County man did so, according to evi
dence, and was fined $100. By and by,
meat eaters will'confine themselves to
pork and Angora mutton, which, by
reason of suspected nature, are In
spected so thoroughly as to be fit for
consumption.
Voluntary action makes such prog--
ress in preparing: for army that, if
Congress does not hurry, the vol
unteer army will be in existence be
fore It Is legally authorized. It is in
the United States as it has been in
Great Britain; the people are pushing
the government along the road to pre
paredness. ,
That Is a wise pastor in Roseburg
who is going to Kansas for a w'ife.
Not that Kansas girls make Setter
wives than Oregon girls, for that idea
Is absurd. The reason is obvious to
any congregation that has an un
married leader.
The dog pound, like the pesthouse,
must -be located somewhere. If there
be anything in a name, a humane
society should be able to make the
canine life so pleasant as to eliminate
noise and other nuisance.
The Clyde shipwrights are slow to
learn that their country calls upon
them not to miss a day in keeping Its
navy, army and commerce supplied.
Even war cannot teach some men pa
triotism.
The locomotive engineers possess the
greatest organization in the land. They
do not strike. When they make a
request the roads grant It, knowing it
is based on reason.
The Canadians seem always to be
chosen for the place of honor in battle
because it Is the place of. danger and
because they always stand firm.
Portland is not so dirty as to require
two weeks for a cleanup. The ex
tended season will stop excuses from
the man who "has not time."
Irrigon, which sustained a relapse
when Mr. Bennett moved Rabbitville
across county lines, is reviving, due
to natural causes.
Idaho shows the advantage of hav
ing a big man in a party. Borah will
head the delegation to Chicago, for
better, for worse.
No, the wise men are not all dead.
Bend has population of 3200 and
nobody has started a daily paper there.
As old Dog Tray hears the denuncia
tory oratory at Creston, he remarks to
himself: "Nobody loves me."
The pheasants that are destroying
early stuff In the Hood River gardens
are connoisseurs, of course.
If Condon is not "all righf." it will
not be the fault of Editor Fltzmauric,
JuBt elected Mayor.
The Columbia Highway was more
beautiful than usual yesterday.
How to Keep Well
! y Tr. W. A. Evans.
Questions pertinent to hygiene, sanitation
and prevention of disease, if matters of gen
eral interest, will be answered in this col
umn. Where space will not permit or the
subject is not suitable, letter will be per
sonally answered, subject to proper limita
tions and where stamped, addressed en
velope Is inclosed. rr. Evans will not make
diagnosis or prescribe for individual dis
eases. Requests for- such service cannot be
answered.
(Copyright. 1016. bv trr. W. A. Evans.
Published by arrangement with Chicago
Tribune.)
Antnrax.
One of the first bacteria discovered
was that of anthrax. The reason is
that it Is so large that it can be readily
seen with low power. Imperfect micro
scopes the only kind the pioneers in
bacteriology possessed.
The disease is frequent in cows and
horses. It is infrequent in man. Hu
man anthrax is of several varieties. In
most 'cases the bacillus gets into the
tissues through some wound in the
skin. For some reason, probably be
cause of its large size. It Is held near
the point where it got in.
In over half of all the cases the an
thrax carbuncle is on the face. In 83 per
cent of the eases the infection is on the
hands or arms. About two days after
the exposure the carbuncle starts as
a small red Itching point which feels
and appears like an insect bite. In less
than a dry the small pimple is a small
blister, and within another day It is a
fiery carbuncle.
There is no way to tell this car
buncle from an ordinary carbuncle, ex
cept to examine for anthrax bacilli un
der the microscope. This form of an
thrax is not a very violent disease.
Two-thirds of the cases get well.
Perhaps some cases of anthrax car
buncle are diagnosed as ordinary car
bunole. Unless the sick man happened
to be a dairyman or hostler, shepherd.
butcher, tanner, wool sorter, or rag
picker, it would not occur to the phy
sician in most cases to examine the se
cretion of the carbuncle under tha
microscope.
In Europe the peasants have internal
anthrax. Perhaps it comes from eat
ing pickled meat from animals that
have died of anthrax. Edwards says
that in Saxony in one year there were
2uo cases'of internal anthrax.
The disease starts with a sharp risa
in temperature. The fever is high.
There is vomiting of blood. Blood is
passed in the stools. Carbuncles of the
skin may appear. If the physician gets
suspicious and examines the stools for
bacilli he discovers the disease, other
wise not.
Anthrax of the Lingi,
Wool sorters and rag pickers some
times inhale dust containing anthrax
tacilll. As the bacillus is large it is
caught in the small blod vessels of the
lungs. The patient has a high fever
and cough. His sputum contains blood.
He is liable to die on the second tor
third day. About the only way to
diagnose the disease is' to find anthrax
bacilli in the sputum.
Anthrax In the Blood.
Sometimes the bacillus, in spite of its
size, gets into the blood stream. When
it does It finds itself at home. It mul
tiplies rapidly. Many of them lodge in
the tissues, but in spite of this they can
be found in numbers in the blood
stream. The disease is rapidly fatal.
- The patient has a chill, followed by
high fever and great exhaustion. The
spleen may be large, especially If the
patient lives a few days. The urine
contains blood albumin and anthrax ba
cilli. This is the form in which an
thrax usually appears in the lower ani
mals. Since the disease is not natural in
man it takes on the atypical form the
carbuncle rather than the typical form
blood infection, when it appears in
the human subject.
Anthrax as a disease of humans has
never been, ij not, and probably will
never be a disease of first importance.
The ordinary man engaged in the ordi
nary work of society is in practically
no danger from it. Men who work in
hides, hair and wool need to be pro
tected agair.st it. In some instances
that which they work in can be steril
ized. 'Co protect against dust the hides,
wool or rags should be sprinkled. Some
wool sorters and rag pickers can be
persuaded to wear respirators when at
work. ,
Not Cause for Worry.
L. R. writes: "1. What is a tumor?
2. Wiiat causes the growth of a tumor?
I am a young girl 20 years of age. Be
low my hips r have noticed of late little
lumps or growrths caused by the pres
sure of the corset steels into the flesh.
When I press it from the upper part it
slides to tha lower and vice versa. Am
a little frightened by it, as I think it
may be a- tumor.
. "3. About six weeks ago as I got out
of bed in the-, morning I exercised my
arms, and as I was exercising my right
arm I felt a-nd heard something break
or crack in my neck or right side. For
a week after I couldn't turn my head.
Since then I canot bend my head back
ward." v
HEPLT.
1. A swelling due to a localized new
growth of tissue.
2. There are many kind of tumors and
many causes for them. In your case the
tumors, if they are such, are flbromas and
due to long continued pressure. You need
not worrv about them.
3. Muscular rheumatism. Massage will re
lieve it. Probably your teeth or jour tonsils
need cleaning.
Leaking; Heart.
A. K. writes: "Will you be kind
enough to relieve my anxiety by an
swering the following question: What
is the meaning of a 'leaking heart,'
and is it serious ir a man of about
40?"
REPLT.
In the heart there are valves. Sometimes
thao valve oermtt blood to leak back into
a chamber ot-the heart from which the blood
has Just been emptied. When this occurs we
say that the patient has a leaking heart.
Since leaking throws extra work on the
heart it is a serious condition. Generally
the heart muscle does the extra work for
many years before any symptoms are given.
We say the h-art Is in compensation W'hen
the heart muscle must strain Itself to do the
extra work. The patient Bets symptoms,
urn as shortness of breat, swelling of the
feet, palpitation and pain in the heart.
Chronic Malaria.
Mrs C. A. writes: "1. Would be very
thankful if you would tell me a cure
for chronic malaria. 2. What is good
for sweaty and offensive feet?"
R El PTY
1. First, he certain that you have chronlo
malaria. Most of those who think they have
chronic malaria have some other disease.
Take thirty grains of quinine a day for two
successive days in each week for six weeks.
During this time lane not or com V. -T
trip to Hot Springs will help you. After this
take somo form of arsenic.
2. Wash your feet frequently with soap
and -water. Ury. men oatne wnn om.v";
acid, 2 drams; alcohal, 1 pint.
COSSTRl'CTON OF SESTBNCE.
PORTLAND, April 18. (To the Ed
itor.) Is the following sentence, re
cently printed in an afternoon paper,
correct? "Men stood with their elbows
on the mahogany and spent money that
did not belong to them until the dawn
was breaking over the Eastern hills."
FRED Z1EGL.ER. ,
We presume an intensely analytical
mind might be able to Infer that the
men performed acrobatic stunts on a
saloon bar while spending money which
would not be theirs until sun-up. How
ever, the real meaning is clear enough
to the ordinary comprehension and
when that is the case the charge of
ambiguity fails. The sentence la good
enough for ordinary use.
Voice and Dollars.
Exchange.
"I expect to raise my, voice for our
friend at the convention," remarked
the willing worker. "Don't bother."
rejoined Senator Sorghum; "raise
fund."
ARTICLE CENSORRI) A.U DELETED
Journal Butchers Day's Letter, Then
Oft era Blatant Reply.
Quite likely Senator Day will not be
disappointed by the treatment the
Portland Journal gives his letter and
documents proving the falsity .of a
Journal article attacking- the Columbia
River power project committee, of
which Senator Day is chairman. He
had no reason to expect after past per
formances by that newspaper that his
showing would not be censored in Its
most important particulars.
The letter as published in the Jour
nal bears scant resemblance to the full
text published in The Oregonian. All
of Senator Day's charge that the Jour
nal publisher had promised a retrac
tion if the article were untrue and had
failed to make the retraction, is elimi
nated. Except in a general and indefinite
way, the affidavits and certificates
proving the accuracy of the commit
tee's maps, in contradiction of charges
concerning 'them made by the Journal,
are omitted. The names of the signers
and the contents of the certificate of
McKenzle & Sons, certified public ac
countants, that the figures on the maps
correspond with Government and state
documents, are deleted. The same
treatment is accorded the affidavits of
J. P. Newell, John A. McQuinn. and W.
E. Morris, prominent civil engineers,
and the affidavit of Theodore Rowland,
engineer and maker, who certify to the
accuracy of the maps.
On the other hand the Journal pub
lishes again the untrue statement that
"the Day maps were repudiated as
false, misleading and -unreliable by the
public lands . committee of the House
of Representatives at Washington when
Introduced during the hearings on the
Ferris water power bill."
As has heretofore been stated by The
Oregonian, two maps were prepared by
Senator Day's committee. One Is a de
tailed map in colors, the other a dia
gram. At a meeting of the House com
mittee on public lands, according to
dispatches received by The Oregonian.
somebody mentioned that somebody else
at" the Portland Water-Power Confer
ence had expressed doubt as to the
accuracy of the diagram map. There
after the colored detailed map was sub
stituted for the diagram map by pin
ning it over the latter. The repudi
ation of the "Day maps" by the com
mittee therefore consisted in using one
Day map by pinning it over another
Day map.
This somewhat doubtful evidence of
a mere suspicion on someone's part is
offered by the Journal to contradict the
sworn affidavits of leading accountants,
engineers and map makers prepared
after making a detailed investigation.
One of the Journal charges against
Senator Day was that he had diverted
funds appropriated for another pur
pose to prepare the maps in question.
Senator Day submitted to the Journal
the opinion of the Attorney-General of
Oregon that the cost of the maps was
a proper legal charge against the ap
propriation. In contradiction of the
opinion of the Attorney-General the
Journal offers the signed opinion of
Ralph Watson, a political reporter on
the Journal.
The Journal had accused Senator
Day's committee of spending more
money than was appropriated and of
suppressing the report of the Govern
ment engineers. Senator Day's reply
was a letter from the Secretary of
State'cerlifying that a balance still re
mained in the fund, and the record
showing that the Government engi
neer's report had been submitted to the
Senate, been ordered printed and was
now in the hands of the state printer.
The Journal's rebuttal is to the ef
fect that the Senate ordered printed
the maps that Senator Day had had
prepared and that the cost of printing
the maps was paid for out of the legis
lative expense fund, and that therefore
more money than appropriated origin
ally had been expended.
It thus appears that the Journal, in
its characteristic way, had Senator Day
over a barrel before the Legislature of
1915 ever met possibly before Senator
Day was born. He is accused of vil
lainy because the Senate spent $1634
to have part of his report printed; and
he is accused of villainy because the
rest of the report has not been printed
at a cost of probably $7500.
Thus is shown the thorny path of the
Legislator who has a report to make.
If the report is not printed he Is ac
cused of suppressing it for ulterior
motives. If the report is printed he is
accused of squandering the people's
money. Can you beat ,it?
There is just one retraction in the
Journal's reply to Senator Day's let
ter. Buried away down toward the bot
torn of a column article is the admis
sion that the Journal's statement that
Senator Day had filed no report of com
mittee expenditures was an error.
The Journal contends, however, that
it has never questioned the acreage
figures shown on the Day maps. What
it meant by charging that the maps
were "garbled," "false" and "mislead
ing" was that a false impression is
held out by the figures that "the Fed
eral forest reserve policyis respon
sible for approximately 60 per cent of
the state's area being untaxed."
It may be of interest In this "connec
tion to state just what the map in
question shows. Nowhere on its face
is there argument or statement con
cerning the influence of forest reserves,
Pinchotism, bureaucracy, or anything
else. The legend gives separately the
total acreage of the state, and that in
cluded in National parks, ..National
monuments, Indian reservations, mili
tary reserves, fofest reserves, power
site reserves, reservoir sites, coal re
serves, O. & C. land grant, public do
main and state school lands; figures
showing the increase of population
from 1900 to 1910 in Portland, all other
cities and towns, and in the rural dis
tricts. There is no word or statement on,
the map, which expresses an opinion
as to. the cause or influences which
brought about the condition. Forest
reserves figures are given no more
prominence than those for open public
lands or state school "lands or National
parks. All are in unadorned figures of
equal size.
It is a matter of common knowledge,
however, that the reservation policy
does retard settlement of lands subject
to homestead entry. Vast areas of land
put Into a permanent mortmain pre
vent railroad' and highway construc
tion, establishment of markets, schools
and social conveniences, increase tax
burdens and sequester water powers
needed in irrigation. All th.ese factors
discourage settlement.
The figures on the map are accurate.
That Is now admitted.
It is a strange predicament, if the
acreage of Government land in Oregon
cannot be given in bare figures with
out causing a wrong impression. It is
a peculiar situation if a public officer
Is dishonorable because he merely puts
them down on a piece of paper where
others may. see them.
In Other Days.
Half a Century Abo.
From The Oregonian, April 17, 1S10.
The National-Johnson party has is
sued its first manifesto. It is evident
that those who compose It. differ in no
particular from the Copperheads of
today and five years ago.
Indianapolis. Governor Morton has
arrived home and on Monday will re
sume his official duties.
Cy Newcombe well known In this
city, recently went to Montana and in
a letter to the Carson Appeal gives a,
roseate account of activity in that
country.
J. W. Stevens has completed a model
of the new Courthouse.
The Navigation Company's new
steamship Oregonian has been success
fully launched in New York. This is
the craft being built by Messrs. Brad
ford, Ladd, and others.
Thomas R. Cornelius and Miss Mis
souri A. Smith were married at the res
idence of the bride's parents in Wash
ington County, April 12.
Professor Robb, principal of The
Dalles High School, has resigned.
Messrs. Waldron, Edgar and Buohan
an have decided to start an express
service to Montana.
In our Extra yesterday afternoon
the name of L. E. Webster appeared as
one who had been killed in an explo
sion in San Francisco on California
street. It should have been Frank
Webster, well known In Portland In
1862-3.
Twenty-five Years Ago,
From The Oresonlan, April 17, 1891.
"We are the People;" Portland de
feated Spokane in the opening base
ball game yesterday, 5 to 3.
Mrs. Cardwell, wife of Police Cap
tain Cardwell, has returned from a
visit in Eastern Oregon.
Miss Bessi Berry, of San Jose, Cal.,
is the guest of Mrs. Lucy Mallory, 193
Sixth street.
Adelaide Ristori, the great actress
of a former generation, who is nearer
70 than 60 years old, is still a very
beautiful woman.
Clara Movello, for whom Rossini is
said to have written his immortal
"Stabat Mater," is at present one of
the foremost intellectual and society
women in the Italian capital.
H. B. Oatman is in a critical condi
tion, suffering from a stroke of apo
plexy. The Sussex, the steamer of the Port
land and China service, known as the
Upton Line, has arrived in Portland,
the first one on the schedule.
Italy Is disappointed In the letter sent
by Secretary Blaine on the recent ac
tion of the Italian government in re
calling its minister to United States
over the New Orleans massacre cases.
The Italian officials characterize the
communication as "vague and incon
clusive." The Bostonians open their engage
ment here Monday night with "Robin
Hood." Among others in the cast wilt
be Jessie Bartlett Davis and II. C.
Barnabee.
Ft. E. McGinn, the popular young
criminal lawyer and ex-district attor
ney, has returned from an Eastern
trip. He saw the "Divine Sarah" in
La Tosca while away, and visited a
New York court, hut, becoming so dis
gusted with th English accent, aped
by the young attorneys, he left the
courtroom.
SHERIDAN'S LETTER TO IVESMITIT.
Historical Society Makes, Public One
of Treasured Relics.
PORTLAND. April 16. (To the Ed
itor.) The following letter from Gen
eral Philip H. Sheridan to the late
Senator James W. Nesmith has never
been published. It is believed that it
will be of great public interest at the
present time:
Headquarters of the Military Dis. of the
Gulf. New Orleans, Jany. 15, 1S3. My Dear
Nesmith: I send by mall today a map of
the operations of the cavalry under my com
mand in Virptlnla. It will Klve you the
clearest idea of the amount of work which
I illd in the suppression of the rebellion.
I have also nearly completed the maps of
the infantry operations in the Shenandoah
vallev which I will send to you if you
will be kind enough to accept. There was
no general officer in the war who was sub
jected to as many tests a myself. Pome
times I was commanding: infantry and some
times cavalry, and sometimes both together.
Then I was constantly changed from one
line of operations to another; and each time
I had to take strange troops and had to
overcome local prejudices.
Then I ha i to study new lines of opera
tions and a new country; but with all this
I lo not beliee tjmt I missed a single
point. I asked no one to help me but my
legitlmnte superiors. I never made a fus
over what 1 had accomplished in fact I
took up the idea it was my duty to be eur
cessful. and more than that, t.eneral Grant
expected me to be. I subjected every one
under me to thcae conditions and it made
them good soldiers.
T is.sued no congratulatory orders. I stim
ulnted no fuss and feather courage; but I
gave officers and men decisive victories so
complete that the humblest private saw and
knew it. If my course pleased you I will
feel very grateful as I feel very proud of
our old friendship.
I wrote you some time ago in reply
your College Grove letter. Tid you get It?
My kind regards to Mrs. Nesmith and your
family.
Very truly yours. SHERIDAN.
The foregoing was written on his
personal note paper, 5 '4 by 8 inches,
folded, of fine texture and heavy
weight, with the monogram "P. H. S."
in relief, and Is one among the many
treasured letters belonging to the. col
lection of the Oregon Historical So
ciety. . GEORGE H. HIMES.
Through Route Not Open.
HOOD RIVER, Or.. April 16. (To the
Editor.) I am informed by the County
Judge of Hood River County that the
Columbia River Highway in this coun
ty is now open to travel. How about
Multnomah County? Has the road from
Portland to the Hood River County line
been declared open yet? If not, what
are the prospects? A MOTORIST.
The highway is now open to War.
rendale, a point 40 miles from Port
land, where the pavement ends. Until
the remaining four or five miles be
tween Warrendale and the Hood River
County line are paved, which Road
master Yeon estimated yesterday might
not be until June 1, no cars will be
allowed to pass over that portion of the
highway.
House Name Changed.
Louisville Courier-Journal.
"I see you no longer call your place
Idle Hour." Nope; that name seemed
too attractive to tramps. So I changed
it to Woodpile Villa."
Productive
Advertising
No advertising is successful un
less it "produces."
It must be a profit maker, not
an expense.
And the first requisite is to find
the medium that will produce the
most results at the least possible
cost.
The daily newspaper such as The
Oregonian comes nearer to being
that than any other.
It goes into the homes daily.
People read it and believe in it.
They respond to the appeals of
advertisers when they are tuned in
the right key.
A