Morning Oregonian., March 22, 1916, Page 8, Image 8

THE MOTtXIXCl OKEGOXIAN, WEDNESDAY, MARCH 22, 1916.
PORTLAND. OKEGOX.
Entered at Portland (Oregon) Poatoffice as
econ1-c-laas matter,
it inscription Hales Invariably in advance.
By Mail.)
Tally, Sunday Included, one year i o-
I'aily, Sunday included, six months A nt
J-'aily, Sunday included, three months... -
L'aily. Sunday included, one month -
Iaily, without Sunday, one year
ailv-, without Sunday, six months.....
laily, without Sunday three months....
Daily, without Sunday, one month .
Weekly, one year o'Va
Punday, one year i -n
unday and Weekly, on? year . . JS.au
Tallv. Piindav included, one year 0.00
Xai!y. Sunday included, one month 3
How to Kemit Send postoffiee money or
fT. express order or personal check on your
local bank. Stamps, coin or currency are at
Fender's risk. Give postoftice addresses in
lull, inciudin-r county and state.
I'ostaee Kates 12 to 16 pages. 1 cent: 18
to a pases. -2 cents: 34 to 4S pipes, 3 cents;
Po to U0 panes. 4 cents; B2 to Tt pages, 5
cents; 78 to pages, 6 cents. Foreign post
age, double rates.
:atern BuMneKH Office Verree & ConK
lio,. Brunswick building. Nft York; Verree
Conklin. steser buildlns. Chicago San
I'rancifco representative, R. J. Sidwell. t
Market street. ,
PORTLAND, WEDNESDAY, MARCH 22, 1916
DANIELS. BOMBASTIC INCOMPETENT.
When Secretary Daniels, of the Navy
Department, was entertained by the
Portland Commercial Clnto on July 28,
1913, on the occasion of his visit to
this port, he said:
It TviU be the proudest moment of my life
when I come through the Panama tanal
on the bridf-e of the battleship Oregon,
followed by every ship In the Lmted States
Navy and to take it to every harbor on
the Pacific Coast and to visit you with that
prcal fleet here in your harbor or tne
Columbia, t .
1 have come to this Coast on an educa
tional trip. I came to look at your porta
and ascertain the conditions and possi
bilities that exist here, so that I can go
before Congress and make intelligent recom
mendations for the legislation that wi ill
be necessary to enable us to prepare these
ports for the time when the fleet of the
United. States shall come to the Pacific.
Circumstances over -which Mr. Dan
iels had no control prevented the fleet
from coming through the Canal and
from visiting the Pacific Coast ports.
But Mr. Daniels had the opportunity
to learn on his "educational trip"
whether the fleet could visit the Co
lumbia River. After having had that
opportunity he made his grandiloquent
promise. Its fulfillment is still more
possible now than it was in 1913, for
the depth of water on the bar and in
the river has been greatly increased.
The work has been done by another
department of the same Government
of which Mr. Daniels is an officer. He
bad the means of learning the result
of that work before the Pittsburg was
ordered to Vancouver and of disposing
summarily of any doubts which might
be raised by the industrious knockers.
But after giving the order he re
scinded it on receipt of misinformation
to the effect that the water was not
deep enough. In view of the great in.
crease in depth which has been ef
fected in the last three years the ques
tion naturally arises: If the cruiser
Pittsburg cannot navigate the river in
3 916, how could the battleship fleet
have done so n 1913. before the im
provement was made? What prompt
ed Mr. Daniels to make the promise
in 1913 and to fall so far short of liv
ing up to its spirit in 1916?
His speech in 1913 was "hot air,"
emitted to "jolly" the people of Ore
gon. His trip was made to. win pop
ularity for the new Administration
with promises carelessly made in ig
norance as to whether they could be
kept. No sooner was he back in Wash
ington than he forgot them and again
became susceptible to the immediately
surrounding political influences which
were antagonistic to his recognition
of the Columbia River as a harbor.
Mr. Daniels' conduct in this matter
Is consistent with his entire course as
Secretary of the Navy. His adminis
tration has been marked by applica
tion of political methods and abstract,
demagogic theories in defiance of all
experience and in disregard of the ad
vice of men trained to naval service.
He has demoralized the Navy, has
brought it to a lower stage of effi
ciency than has prevailed at any
time since modern ships began to
supplant the old wooden vessels.
When the facts proving this state
ment have become public in spite
of his efforts to muzzle naval of
ficers, he has impudently denied them
or has "passed the buck" to his subor
dinates. Henry Reuterdahl in the
Metropolitan says: " 'A Daniels' Is
Navy slang for a near lie."
That writer gives an astonishing
catalogue of the delinquencies by
which this country editor and politi
cian has reduced the Navy to its pres
ent plight. The catalogue is so long
that it is possible only to give it in the
barest outline. ,
By his prohibition he indirectly
branded naval officers as drunkards
and he pictured the loss of a battleship
through drunkenness, though In fact
no accident to our modern Navy has
been due to that cause.
He has injured morale and disci
pline by encouraging enlisted men t
carry criticism of their superiors to
him. At the same time he has treated
criticism of the' Navy as criticism of
himself and has replied to it by de
fending himself and not by correct
ing conditions.
He has delayed Important action by
ignoring or suppressing reports, by
leaving unsigned and keeping in his
own possession war plans of the first
importance. Pretending to advocate
public discussion, he has forbidden it
to naval officers. Claiming credit for
' publishing one report of the General
Board, he suppressed another until
driven tiy Congress and the press to
divulge it.
He recommended a construction
programme which fell far short of ex
pert recommendations. He has delayed
the building of dreadnoughts author
ized by Congress for more than a year
and. without consulting technical ad
visers, has cut $12,000,000 from' the
estimates of ammunition, which Is
Borely needed.
By makin'g educaiton on board ship
compulsory for enlisted men, by dic
tating what brands of tobacco they
should buy and by various acts of petty
meddling he has made his manage
ment of the Navy "the saddest and
most expensive joke in the annals of
our sea history." While seeking to
democratize the Navy by currying fa
vor with the enlisted men, to the de
etruction of discipline, he has become
so unpopular among them that his
picture was hissed when shown on the
screen of ships at Vera Cruz.
After reviewing the Atlantic fleet he
boasted of the Navy's "high state of
efficiency," though eleven days earlier
Admiral Fletcher had Catalogued a
long list of shortcomings, headed by
"Shortage of officers; shortage of men
lack of fast armored ships and fast
Jight cruisers; lack of aircraft." In
fact, the Navy is short of everything
which goes to make it efficient. Mr.
Daniels ordered this report suppressed.
He boasted that our submarines "are
on a par with any in the world,"
though Commander Tates Stirling, of
the submarine flotilla, testified thai
only one submarine could effectively
take part in maneuvers. Admiral
Fletcher told of the miserable condi
tion of the flotilla. Mr. Reuterdahl
sums this up by saying: "For purpqses
of war they might as well have been
stone barges."
Mr. Daniels bragged of the 1200
mile run of seven submarines from
Pensacola to New York, of which Mr.
Reuterdahl says:
This achievement consisted of two sub
marines hanging onto a towline like coal
barges, another having engine trouble, four
making the run under their own power.
Establishment of a separate division
to control submarines was recommend,
ed. but Mr. Daniels did "nothing. To
his neglect In this particular are due
the tragedies of the F-4 and the E-2.
. The Navy short 2000 officers and
60,000 men on a war basis, but Mr.
Daniels published figures intended to
convey the existence of a large reserve.
His total includes, says Mr. Reuter
dahl, "navy-yard workers, feeble Civil
War veterans, mustering up even the
women who mend flags and sew on
uniform buttons."
He took credit for promptly send
ing the Alabama from Philadelphia to
Hampton Roads to guard the Prinz
Eitel Friedrich. Here is Mr. Reuter
dahl's description of that feat:
After combing the Philadelphia yard, rob
bing other ships in reserve of their already
depleted complements, enough men were
scratched together at least to -maintain
steam and keep the engines going. There
were no organized, gun crews, no perfected
fire control, and no efficient trainers or
pointers for thj turrets; in fact, the ship
had not fired her guns for three years. Only
a few rounds of heavy ammunition lay in
the magazines, with nothing for the sec
ondary battery. Arriving at the Roads,
fifty rounds 6f six-inch projectiles were
borrowed from somewhere and the twelve
knot Alabama stood ready to keep the
twenfy-knot ' liner "put."
That is not byany means the entire
story of Mr. Daniels' delinquencies, but
it will suffice to show how high a price
the American people pay for putting
a petty politician in cnarge oi tne
Navy, which Secretary Meyer, "a big
business man, a hard-headed organizer
of large interests," had made into "a
finely developed fighting machine."
There will be no hope of possessing a
Navy capable of holding its own in
battle until we get rid of Daniels.
MORE BCNC'OMBE ABOUT TRADITION.
The call upon Justice Hughes to
make- known his political opinions
comes from quarters which will be
opposed to him, whatever he thinks,
says and does. They arc,, and will be,
for President Wilson for re-election,
no matter who his opponent shall be.
They talk a great deal about the dig
nity of the bench, and they think that
Supreme Court Justice should not
violate tradition by becoming a candi
date for President, and they warn the
Republican party of the great risk it
will rufl if it turns to a man whose
opinions on current questions are not
known, and cannot be until after the
Chicago convention.
It is sufficient answer that Justice
Hughes is an American citizen, more
than 35 years of age, and otherwise
constitutionally eligible; and it is sheer
moonshine to pretend that any ex
pressed desire by the people to make
him, or any other, the President should
be balked by any musty tradition about
the sanctity of the Supreme Court. Be
sides, there is no such tradition except
as it is created for the present cam
paign.
If the Supreme Court, why not any
court and any judge? In 1904 the
Democratic party at St. Louis nomi
nated Alton B. Parker, Chief Justice
of the New York Court of Appeals,
withoutjknowing anything about his
views on public matters. He was gen
erally assumed to be hostile to the po
litical "heresies and stupid generalship
which had. wrecked the party in 1896
and 1900. If the Democratic party is
anxious for a precedent to guide Jus
tice Hughes, let it go back to 1904.
The Chicago convention will make
a platform and the candidate will
stand upon it. If the nominee of the
party does not accept it, doubtless he
will decline. Or he might adopt the
slower process of progressive repudia
tion, followed with such signal suc
cess by President Wilson.
LINCOLN AND WILSON AGAIN".
Any pretense that the attitude of
President Wtlson toward Mexico Is
identical with the action of Abraham
Lincoln in opposing as Congressman
the war with Mexico, and as Presi
dent In maintaining American neutral
ity, is both silly and false. But it is a
favorite argument of the supporters pf
the impotent and cowardly expedient
or watchful waiting, now at last aban
doned under the pressure of events
and the demand of an incensed peo
ple.
The Mexican war of 18 4B-4 8 was a
slaveholders' war, opposed by a large
part of the American people. That
was the reason Abraham Lincoln, who
abhorred slavery and fought all his
nie tne slave-holding oligarchy which
too long held the reins of American
government, opposed the war. It was
unpopular throughout the North and
was popular only in the South.
Texas had been a Mexican state, but
under the incitement of American set
tlers and American adventurers, it
seceded from Mexico. It seceded be
cause a Mexican President had issued
a proclamation abolishing slavery. It
was tnen annexed to the United States,
because the South desired another
slave-holding state. Mexico, which
still claimed Texas, went to war.
Abraham Lincoln naturally took
sides with the opponents of slavery and
ne was, Besides, against any war of con
quest. As President he had his hands
full during the Civil War. But after
the war was ended there was immedi
ate intervention in Mexico. The French
got out, Maxmilian was dethroned, and
the French dream of a great empire
on the American continent was ended.
One may well wonder at the temerity
of any partisan defender of the ra
tional Administration in violating the
commonest and most easily ascertain
able facts of history to bolster up the
sorry cause of watchful waiting.
THE HOSPITABLE TIN CAN'. "
So much rrogress has been made
In modern sanitation during the past
ten years that no "well-regulated com
munity now will permit existence of
scum-covered swamps in its immedi
ate vicinity. The danger that mos-
'luiiuc.-s vwii cany maiaria nas come
to be quite generally recognized. Yet
the facL that this city, that every city,
continues to tolerate a thing as bad
as swamps must be recognized from
a late warning against tin cans issued
by the United States Public Health
Service. e are told -that tin cans
accumulating by the thousands in the
city and outskirts, afford the finest
kind of breeding places for mosqui
toes and flies.
One need only take a stroll through
the outskirts in any direction to find
cans lying in gTeat heaps. Casual in
spection reveals that many of them
are half filled with colored water,
precipitated by the Winter rains. The
coloring emanates from decayed food
left in the cans and provides mos
quitoes with an unexcelled base of
supplies. In fact not even the ordi
nary swamp offers them such fine in
dueementa for propagation and forJperiodicaL, Unchanged from coaven.-
disseminating germ-bearing particles
among their sworn human enemies in
the city. The malaria-bearing mos
quito from the blackest swamp is held
no more dangerous than the insect
from the polluted tin can habitat in
the- back yard or on the edge of town.
It is recorded that the country
spends $10,000,000 each year screening
against flies and mosquitoes. Swat the
fly is a slogan which, has fairly im
pressed itself upon the National mind.
The annual swat campaign is now
upon us, and It will be preceded by a
clean-up campaign designed to de
stroy the breeding places and thus re
duce thi number of flies that will pre
sent themselves before the fretted vis
ion of the swatter. This cleaning up
shoufd take the tin can menace into
consideration. Cans that must stand
a few days awaiting the garbage man
should be perforated in order to avoid
accumulations of rainwater. Dumping
of cans anywhere near the city should
be not only prohibited, but prevented.
The warning of the United States
Health Service immediately commends
itself as in the interest of the public
health and. now that we have been
fully warned, we should "can" the can.
WHERE REFORM IS MOST SEEDED.
Wre are not quite In the same state
of alarm over the prospective person
nel of the next Legislature as a con
temporary, the Portland Journal, but
we cheerfully concede that the can
didacy of a greater number of capable,
honest citizens Would be welcome. Nay,
more. Wre are willing to offer counsel
and advice to our neighbor which, if
adopted, will doubtless cause its subse
quent appeals to be better heeded.
'One of the first essentials to in.
ducing good men to run for the Legis
lature is to assure them that their
character will not be assassinated by
newspapers because of honest differ
ences of judgment in lawmaking. P"air
ness toward the Legislature in the past
has been but the shallowest pretense
on the part of the Journal. It has
even repudiated its own promises and
assurances.
Prior to the 1913 session it offered
a legislative programme of a dozen
or more items. These items were mat
ters of proposed legislation concern
ing which there was more or less defi.
nite public opinion discernible. The
Journal assured the Legislature that,
if it would adopt the submitted pro
gramme, that would be sufficient an
swer to captious critics of the session.
The Legislature did adopt the pro
gramme almost from top to bottom,
but the Journal became the most bel
ligerent, vindictive, captious critic in
all the state. It had had a few after
thoughts and because the Legislature
did not adopt the afterthoughts the
legislators were abused and vilified
collectively and individually.
In 1915 the same newspaper, a little
more consistently, announced that it
had no programme. Perhaps it de
sired to feel freer to blackguard, al
though the promptings of conscience
do not ordinarily seem to trouble it
when referring to legislative pro
cedure or members. And so, unfor
tunate as it is, no man in Portland, un
less he is courageous enough to with
stand the shafts of misrepresentation
and falsification, and is besides indif
ferent to the heartaches of wife and
children that may be induced by man.
ufactured scandal, dare venture within
the legislative halls as a member. Such
soldiers of the common good are not
numerous.
In promotion of such reforms in the
Legislature as are needed the Journal
can be of great assistance. If it will
announce its own reformation, pledge
itself to judge calmly and dispassion
ately, we'll admit that to differ with it
does necessarily not imply dishonesty,
and, as an evidence of good faith, will
retract some of the most glaring false
hoods of the past, there will be hope
for a better Legislature than Oregon
has ever had.
rjIAGISTS AND THEIR WOES.
Being misunderstood and subjected
to public indifference is a perverse
fboon "Which some artists seem to em
brace and coddle with inexplicable
persistence. One is led to suspect that
were the country afire with poetic ar
dor and were every line of real poetry
greedily seized upon by publishers and
public there would remain, an isolated
school of poets which would persist
in developing a style the public would
have nothing whatever to do with. This
that they might weep over their own
sad fate a kind of grief which ap
peals to a certain sort of poetic soul
mofe powerfully than appreciation.
As everyone knows, there is some
thing of a revival of interest in poetry
in America. Perhaps it lacks volume
and intensity, but interest is wide
spread and healthy. Yet we find a
species of American poets who call
themselves imagists bemoaning their
fate, a fate which takes the form of
cruel neglect and indifference on the
part of the public. The public even
refuses to condemn them and rail at
their work, which is the most intense
ly cruel thing the public can be guilty
of in its relations with poets. Post
impressionists, futurists and all the
dizzy buffoons of painting stirred up
a regular hornets nest of discussion
and condemnation, but not so with the
futurists and post impressionists of
"verse libre."
One Ezra Pound, disciple of the new
school, voices the imagist wail briefly
in the little Chicago magazine that is
devoted to the cause of poetry. Mr.
Pound recently betook himself in high
disgust from his native land, settling
a la Henry James in England, there
to carve immortality while enjoying
the cultivated advantages of an ancient
and mature civilization. From this
esthetic height he casts a pitying eye
back upon his Chicago contemporaries
and pens a few words of advice for
their guidance. He notes that poetry
must be as well written as prose; that
its- language must be a fine language,
heightened only by poetic intensity.
Stilted phrases and hackneyed terms
must be avoided. Otherwise the pa
tience of the reader will become ex
hausted assuming that the effusion is
ever permitted by an indulgent pub
lisher to reach the reader. The words
must come free and easy, just as they
are felt and thought, and it is only
when one pauses to work out polished
phrases and overcome the difficulties
of meter and technique that freedom
of poetry is lost
There is much sound advice therein.
But the construction that the imagists
would place upon these words of the
imagist seer merely confirms the ima
gist confidence in verse libre. Tech
nique js sacrmcea to freedom of
tnougnt. me poetic mind chafes
when tied to set rules and restrictions.
It would soar untrammeled and unre
strained. Thus:
I think of nothing
My mind leaps from mountain to- mountain.
Then drifts upon calm water.
I hear nothing
Only the waves and the winds.
Violent and caressing.
1 feel nothing
My blood runs under my !:m
like a forest lire under ground.
This from the aforesaid Chicago.
tions, the mind of the poet has soared.
But after it has finished soaring It has
not been anywhere that conventional
poets have not been. The imagists, to
make their plea for freedom consist
ent, must think of something new and
worth while. The orthodox poet could
make that same Journey, employ the
same wings, experience the same emo
tions and at the same time do it all
with a regard for niceties of construc
tion and complexities of technique.
And the technique of the poem, as well
as of the painting, provide, if good,
no small share of the Joys which the
public finds in the finished product.
I
"Mrs. William IC Vanderbilt, Jr.,"
Says a special Palm Beach dispatch to
the New York Times, "borrowed Erl
Dodge's private caryesterday while
Her own was in the shops, and got a
special train to run her over to Miami,
seventy miles, made in a few minutes
more than one hour. She was accom
panied by Miss Angelica Brown, Bur
rill Hoffman, Jr., and W. S. Hanford,
and, after viewing the resort, returned
in time for a late dinner at the Beach
Club." It Is pleasant to know that
Mrs. "Vanderbilt is having a good time
at Palm Beach. It is horrible to think
what might have happened, however.
If Erl Dodge had not been in an ac
commodating mind, and there had
been no special train available. She
might have had to spend a whole
day without any of the excitements
which our millionaires alone are priv
ileged to enjoy.
Writh those who regard the allied
conference as a harbinger of peace the
wish is probably father to the thought.
The conference is more likely designed
to bring about that co-ordination in
military operations which has been so
lacking. Being agreed to fight to
gether, the allies may agree what they
shall fight for that is, on terms
whereon they would cease fighting, but
until either they or the Teutons are
whipped and know it, neither party
can be expected to offer terms of peace
which the other would accept. Kitch
ener's prediction, of a three years' war
is still likely to be fulfilled.
When four British destroyers, so the
British account runs, sighted three
German destroyers off the Belgium
coast Monday, the three turned and
ran. The German Admiralty report
is that the enemy broke the engage
ment and steamed out of sight. For a
preliminary lying match this is pretty
good. When the great battle of the
big ones begins there will be no chance
to run on either side.
The most favorable comment pos
sible on Governor Ralston's appoint
ment of Tom Taggart as Senator is
that he might, by combing the entire
state, possibly have done 'worse. There
are lower degrees of depravity than
that which Taggart has reached.
The Philadelphia North American
wants to know what has become of
the man who used to tell us that Uncle
Sam could lick the whole world with
one hand tied behind him. W"hv. he
has Just been appointed Secretary of
War in the Wilson Cabinet.
Presence of women at Jackson Club
meetings is a wise move in the inter
est of peace and harmony. The faith
ful, of course, are too polite to ex
change characteristic party felicita
tions when the ladies are there.
After reading Mr. Brian's Lincoln
speech and after recalling the trouble
which the speaker has made for him.
President Wilson might well pray for
salvation from such friends.
An evangelist here says Portland is
the most moral city on the coast. Just
so. All the stories of crime are mere
space fillers and jail officials spend all
their time in dreamy sleep.
Peace rumors-caused a serious re
action in the (Chicago stock market.
Some day someone will say boo! and
wreck the Chicago exchange) "
A man whose orchard trees are be
ing destroyed by beavers ought to be
able to prevent the damage without
bothering game officials.
The National Committee takes a re
cess without naming the best man to
run. Such abject humility was not to
be expected.
Oregon never will be defenseless
while the military company of lawyers
exists. Each is a mighty good de
fender. General Pershing would do well to
keep a sharp eye on his pretended
Mexican allies while following Villa's
trail.
However, when peace rumors do
finally come true the world will heave
the greatest sigh of relief in, all his
tory. Catching Villa may become a more
ancient Democratic Joke in course of
time than that of electing Bryan.
Spring is here officially. Glad the
calendars note the fact. Otherwise it
might have escaped bur attention.
Bryan says Wijson has repaid him
for all past favors. Yes, even at the
cost of his own political future.
But if peace is not restored soon it
will not be because all the belliger
ents haven't had a Sufficiency.
Mexico, it appears. Is able to con
centrate more troops on the border
than the United States.
When the entente allies begin to
talk of peace, the world can look for
something different.
Thank heaven fate decrees only a
few more months of this fellow Dan
iels. A manager of a city is the biggest
proposition going, unless he's married
Teddy may find it expedient to re
main indefinitely In the Bermudas.
The sun got both legs over the lines
yesterday and Is off for Capricorn.
Some of the best blood of Oregon is
on exhibition at the stockyards.
Good work, Aquarius; spill all the
water before opening day.
Funston is calling for more troops,
and Js merely beginning.
But we may be chasing Carranza be
fore the incident closes.
The censorship in Mexico appears to
be worked overtime.
'AU Georgia lsXor JYiLson jrliat'aaijair.-of 7at 4; total 12,
How to Keep Well
By Dr. W. A. Btim,
Questions pertinent to hygiene, sanitation
and prevention of disease, if matters of gen
eral interest, will be answered in this .col
umn. Where space wills not permit or the
subject is not suitable, letter will be per
sonally answered, subject to proper limita
tions and where stamped, addressed en
velope is inclosed. Dr. Evans will not make
diagnosis or prescribe for individual dis
eases. Requests for such service cannot be
answered.
(Copyright. 1916. by Trr. TV. A. Evans.
Published by arrangement with Chicago
(Tribune.)
To Avoid Typhoid Fever.
Typhoid fever can be avoided. There
has been no typhoid fever in the United
States Army for almost five years. The
armies of Western Europe, applying
methods first worked with complete
success in the United States, have
been relatively free from typhoid.
They, have had some typhoid, but less
than any army in times of war in his
tory, except it be the Japanese army in
the Russo-Japanese 'war. The soldiers
in the mud and slime of the trenches
of Western Europe are freer from ty
phoid than are the millionaires who
live on American boulevards.
The most valuable method of protec
tion against typhoid is vaccination.
Vaccination against typhoid consists
in three hypodermic injections of a
prepared vaccine. These injections are
given at intervals of 10 days, 20 days
elapsing between the first and last
vaccination. The arm does not get
sore, as in smallpox vaccination. The
amount of fever and aching is less than
in the case of smallpox vaccination.
It is a little early to say how long a
vaccinated person is protected against
typhoid, but the general opinion is that
protection lasts three years.
Who should be vaccinated? Nurses
and doctors in general hospitals. Drum
mers and railroad men. All who travel
much. All people who live in towns
and small cities. People who live in
the country. People who live in cities
or sections of cities where typhoid is
epidemic. For instance, those in Mil
waukee should bo vaccinated. Like
wise, everybody living on the south
side in Chicago. All people who live
in cities where the typhoid rate is
over SO.
To prevent infection by infected wa
ter most cities make use of chlorina
tion. - Sometimes the chlorine is used
as chlorinated lime and sometimes as
liquid chlorine. If a man lives in a
town where the water is polluted and
the authorities do trot chlorinate he
can chlorinate himself.
Soldiers on the march Sometimes
make use of a small chlorination tank.
A man can chlorinate a bucket of wa
ter or a wellful, if he chooses The or
dinary method of purifying water is
by heating. The common injunction
is to "boil the .water." Boiling kills
the typhoid bacilli. It' also drives off
the gas and makes the water flat and
tasteless. It is not necessary to boil
water to kill typhoid bacilli. One hun
dred and 50 degrees for 30 minutes
will kill therri. If water is heated un
til bubbles begin to form on the side
of the vessel and then set in the warm
stove for 15 minutes the typhoid bacilli
will be killed and the water will not
taste cooked.
Whenever there is much water-borne
typhoid there will be an increase of
milk and vegetable-borne typhoid.
Commercial pasteurization, as It is done
in cities with milk inspectors, will
protect the milk against typhoid.
Where raw milk Is used or the pas
teurization is not supervised the milk
should be pasteurized In the home.
Vegetables and fruits which are eaten
raw are sources of danger whenever
typhoid is widespread m a community.
Cooked vegetables, cooked fruits, and
raw fruits of the heavy peel varieties
are safe.
In times of typhoid epidemic efforts
to keep the hands clean should be re
doubled. Finger typhoid always in
creases when there is a great increase
in typhoid in the community.
Typhoid can be avoided. But vigil
ance is the cost and one must pay.
Baby May Be Overfed.
A. L. asks: what 13 the proper
amount of food for a baby 3 months
old? She is now being fed a formula
consisting of 20 ounces of milk, 1
ounces of water, and four ounces of
Mellin's food a 24-hour mixture. She
does hot gain much, is restless during
the day, sleeping very little, but sleeps
well at night. She is always hungry,
taking six ounces of food at one feed
ing; less than that will not satisfy
her. She weighs 13 pounds and seems
well, but does not gam much, weigh
ing nine pounds when born."
, REPLY.
I think you are feeding tire baby too
much and your mixture is too rich. The
child is a little above averape weight. In
digestion could cause tho symptoms com
plained of. The Mellin's food pamphlet gives
the following directions for feeding a baby
three months old: "Amount of food in 24
hours, 28 ounces. (You are giving 40 at
least.) Amount of each feeding, four ounces.
Number of feedings in 24 hours, seven. In
tervals between feedings, three hours. Nisht
feedings, one. Formula: Mellin's food, three
level tablespoonfuls; milk, eight ounces;
water, eight ounces. "
Tuberculin Teat
jvirs. h. tr. M. writes: "Win you
please answer this query through your
valuable health column: Do you think
it necessary for a mother who is feed
ing her baby cow's milk to insist on
the cows from which the milk is ob
tained being tested for tuberculosis, or
will pasteurizing the milk at 167 de
grees Fahrenheit kill the tuberculosis
germ were it present in the milk?"
REPLY.
If you are certain of your pasteurization
you need not Insist on tuberculin testing.
Pasteurizing done at 3 67 degrees is probably
flash pasteurization. Probably you have no
municipal control of pasteurization. For
these reasons you had better Insist on
tuberculin testing.
A WfYe'a Inquiry.
Young Wife writes: "I want to know
if I can have children. Before I was
married, while young, I had female
trouble and had to have an operation.
Both of my ovaries were removed."
REPLY.
No.
May Bear Strong Children.
Mrs. E. J. F. writes "Will you please
give me a little information On these
questions: (1). What is the average
number of children a mother can bear,
having had one ovary and appendix
removed?
"Have given birth to a little girl,
which is 9 months old. She has been
very delicate from time of birth, also a
bottle baby.
"(2). Do you think if I "have more
children they will be weak and frail,
too? Also, will I be able to nurse
them"?"
REPLY.
1. No limit.
2. The removal of one ovary does not
cause a woman to bear nono but frail chil
dren. Nor does It affect her supply of breafit
milk.
Let Pioneer) Se Roues.
PORTLAND, March 21. (To the Edi
tor.) As I am interested both in the
Rose Festival and Pioneer meeting, I
would like to suggest having them both
at the same time, as hundreds of peo
ple could attend both if they were on
the same date, but many could not
make both trips.
This is especially the case of several
old people from out of town whom I
have talked with. It would be a real
treat to many if this could be arranged.
F. G. MACK.
Counting? the Crib.
PORTLAND. March 16. (To the Edi
tor.) In cribbage there are placed in
the crib two aces, a six and seven, and
a seven Is turned up. What is the
count? DOUBTFUL.
The correct count of this crib is:
Two aces, 6 and each. 7. 15-4; each ace
and, the two 7s, 15-4; pair, of aces and
UNBELIEVABLE HAS HAPPENED
i ,
Europe Wan Over Murdered Prince;
Banditti Attack United State.
PORTLAND, March 21. (To the Edi
tor. You quote H. W. Stone, general
secretary of the Y. M. C. A., in his ad
dress against war and preparedness, as
saying "The meek shall inherit the
earth," and as citing China as a good
example of a non-aggressive nation,
which has existed centuries longer than
any other nation.
What were the conditions under
which, the Chinese lived and what was
their ability and willingness to bear
arms?
The great wall of China shows that
Its builders believed in military pre
paredness against future wars, for a
structure of this magnitude could only
be built in time of peace in its imme
diate locality. Against the weapons in
use in its day it was the last word in
defensive fortification or a base for of
fensive warfare.
While the nations of Europe were
emerging from savagery their entire
resources were used in their own prob
lems; the great wall was protection
enough for China.
Just as soon as the Europeans had
developed their shipping the partition
of China began. As a result of her
unpreparedness, opium was forced upon
her to make a market for the growers
of India. Several nations took portions
of her territory by force of arms sim
ply because China was unprepared.
China still exists minus much of her
territory and privileges; still the focus
for the greedy eyes of armed nations
a crippled monster, only saved from
complete dismemberment at the time
of the Russo-Japanese war by the di
plomacy of the United States, backed
by armed force. (See article "What Is
Really at Stake in Asia," by Talcott
Williams, in Booklovers' Magazine for
April. 1904.)
China was not saved by passive sub
mission, but by the demands of a nation
prepared against war. China has ex
isted for centuries only by her isola
tion, her- preparedness as shown by
the great wall, the interests of preda
tory nations elsewhere and lastly by
the influence of a neutral nation, whose
wishes were only respected because of
its armament. China will only con
tinue to exist by sufferance of the
powers and efforts of the neutral na
tions if backed by armed force.
No true American wants to see the
United States exist by sufferance of
other nations, nor be forced to rely on
their help. The fall of nations is not
due to armament and military strength,
but rather to the softening of the moral
and physical fiber of the people who
have attained a position of fancied se
curity, who, being in full enjoyment of
the luxuries of peace, put behind them
any disagreeable thought of war.
This mental narcotic has no effect
but to deaden one's sensibilities and
keep him from realizing the position in
which his country is placed. Who would
believe all the great powers would be
at war over a prince? They are. Who
would believe a few Mexicans would
attack the United States? They did.
In the coming development of the
Pacific, the United States has great
opportunities for trade.
She will have .opportunity to protect
the weak.
Will she seize both? She will. Will
she succeed? Yes, if armed against
war. C. A. BALDWIN.
ARGUMENT FiTS HIS OWN CASE
Writer Who Discusars One Side Op
poses Discussion of Other.
TILLAMOOK, Or., March 20. (To the
Editor.) The Oregonian has given
space to an article on birth control by
T. T, Geer. However much Mr. Geers
narrative may represent in his mind a
"replica" of the discussion of birth
control in America for the past several
years, it certainly is not applicable to
the controversy originating at Port
land, and in all fairness ought not to
be introduced as "atmosphere" for what
follows in Mr. Geer's letter.
A careful review of this discussion
from its inception proves most conclu
sively that the "embarrassing inter-,
meddlers" and "victims of unweaned
officiousness" are not, as he would
have us believe, those people who con
scientiously oppose birth control of a
certain kind.
Inevitable, perhaps, are some more or
less guarded expressions emanating
from those who, on the one hand, ut
terly detest the practice in question and
those who, on the other hand, heartily
approve of it. Their views in this
matter are irreconcilable and while the
writer credits Mr. Geer with an honest
attempt to enlighten the readers of The
Oregonian and pour oil on the troubled
waters, he most respectfully declines to
follow Mr. Geer's logic.
Why it should be "nobody's business"
to discuss with "Tom Jones" through
the columns of The Oregonian the sin,
as many believe, of birth control, and
yet "everybody's business," including
Mr. Geer's, to give the other side of
the' argument and speak of "the crying
needs of the time," is quite incompre
hensible, especially when considered in
connection with the question Mr. Geer
asks:
"Why prowl in fields where we
neither have any business or facts to
guide us?" FORD E. SHAW.
WHAT PEACE LEAGUE STANDS FOR
Purposes Not Inconsistent With Pre
paredness for Defense.
PORTLAND, Or.. March 21. (To the
Editor.) The open letter addressed to
me by General Anderson by means of
The Oregonian might well remain un
noticed but for the impression it gives
that membership of the League to En
force Peace is inconsistent with one's
duty to serve his country when called
on. and with the advocacy of a scheme
of National defense.
Nothing could be further from the
truth. Mr. Taft. the president of the
league, has always been and is now a
champion of preparedness. So are hun
dreds of others among the notable citi
zens of the United States who are mem
bers of it. The league itself, as was
clearly stated in the circular that Gen
eral Anderson received, takes no part
in discussion of that subject, nor does
it purpose taking any action with re
gard to the present war. Its object
is to assist in creating a world senti
ment that, after this conflict is over,
may lead to the substitution of some
other means to settle differences be
tween nations for the terrible develop
ment and accentuation of primeval
savagery known as modern war.
Should not every humane person
strive to accomplish that end, what
ever his views on other questions?
WILLIAM D. WHEELWRIGHT.
Difficult to Register.
PORTLAND, March 21. (To the Edi
tor.) I notice in The Oregonian. in
comment on the editorial page, as well
as cartoons on the front page, that you
are admonishing voters to register. Un
fortunately I am one of the sort that
happens to be employed by others, con
sequently my time is limited. I have
made six trips to the Courthouse to
register and each time found such long
lines waiting I turned away.
Instead of admonishing people to reg
ister I think our good papers should
Jump on the backs of the responsible
authorities to induce them to provide
ways and means to make it possible
to register promptly. Few are going
to stand in line and. wait, knowing that
someone else is paying for that time,
when they should be at work.
JOHN SMALL,
His Wife's Exclamation.
Detroit Free Press.
"Did the burglars upset your house
much?" "Terribly. When I entered
and saw everything upside down my
firBt thought was that Jim had come
home unexpectedly and, changed bis
cJothess'i
In Other Days j
Half a Century Ago.
Prom The Orejronlnn of March 22, 1SK.
A H. Stephens, Vice-President of t!
rebellious Southern Confederacy, h
been elected United States Senator fro
Georgia, and has accepted. That oth
unhanged rebel, Herschel "V. Johnso
is his colleague.
A Mr. Hamilton has in operation 5
Umatilla County a homemade broo:
factory.
The Walla Walla Statesman says tl
stages fcr Boise go out loaded doi
with passengers. The great majorii
are for Blackfoot and take that rou
as being the least obstructed, at th
season.
The miners of Warren's Diggings cp
luxuriate on bread, butter and milk tl
coming season, as yesterday a band
fine milch cows passed through tl
city en route for that camp from tl
vicinity of Eugene City.
Postmaster Randall has indeed doi
a good work for the Postoffice Deiar;
ment of this city in fixing up his ne
apartments in Holmes block. It is e:.:
pected the new office will be tran
ferred and in shape by tomorrow morr
ing.
The first appearance of Chariot;
Crampton this evening at the Willan
ette Theater should be enough to a
tract a good audience, as we are led :
infer that she is a very brilliant star
It will be seen that the people
The Dalles are interesting themsolvf
in the opening of a new route i
Blacktoot and Big Bend mines by wa
of White Bluffs from that city.
Twenty-fire Ycnrs Ako.
From The Oreironian of March 22, 3RM.
Washington. March 21. Gener.
Joseph E. Johnston died shortly aft
11 o'clock tonight. The General hr
been suffering the past three weel
with an affection of the heart, ai
gravated by a cold caught at Gener.
Sherman's funeral.
Berlin, March 21. A dispa'tch fro
St. Petersburg conveys unwelcome i
formation pointing to the conclusi',
of a formal treaty of alliance betwer
France and Russia. Until recently t
Czar has resisted all attempts of goii
beyond entente with France. '
London, March 21. The news tlv
the American President has orderf
Minister Phelps to notify the Germ.-:
Empire that America proposes to vt
taliate for the exclusion of Am&ric;
pork from Germany has caused wid
spread, consternation in Germany.
The rooms or tne uregon soara if
immigration were crowded with vi
ltors yesterday arternoon inspecting t
exhibit and gathering information cn
cerning the interior counties. Most
the strangers hailed from Nebraska
adjoining states, as do a great major.'
of the people who are pouring into t (
country.
President Harrison has consented
include Portland to be
proposed trip to the Pacif
this trip, as yet. is a
certainty. Mayor DeLashni
in communication with Senator Dol
'J
concerning the matter.
if
pneral manager of t1
Railroad Company, nL
N. a. lUellen. ge
Jui l iiri l i ak.UK. .i ii i jn .i'iu yja.ii j , H
rived in the citv from St. Paul vestc t
... i. i v: i
day. Mr. Mellen is suffering from t
grippe and his visit to Portland is
receive the benefits of the clima
rather than to attend to official bu:
ness.
FULL NAME WHEN REGISTER I
Ko Other Than Inlfttil for Given ITnr
Rcqulred Under Some Conditions.
PORTLAND. March 21. (To the Et;
tor.) I called at the registration offi
in the Courthouse to register as a vot
of Multnomah County and the Depn
Clerk insisted that I register my nai
in full (writing all Christian names)
the application card. This I refused
do and they informed me that my nar
would not be accepted otherwise th.
as j-equested.
My surname is very long and a ve
uncommon one, for which reason
substitute the initials of my Christ!,
name only. My family have been ref
dents of Oregon for over 40 years a1
we have never learned of any one ben
ing the same family name.'
I have voted in previous years whe
I did not give my Christian name b
fore casting my vote, but I alwa
seem to have difficulty in registerii
by not giving my title, pedigree, e:
Would you advise me if there are i
exceptions made to the above rulin
and especially where one is in a po.
tion to know that there are no oth
registered voters of the same name ;
mine in the state of Oregon?
W. G. M.
If you have consistently used on
an initial to designate your given nai
and are not knoj otherwise, you ha
by usage changed your name so th
the initials coupled with your surnar
constitute your "full name." There
no legal inhibition against a mar
changing his given name at his plea
ure. There is a legal process f
making change of name a matter
record, but it is not compulsory. It h
generally a value in preventing co
fusion or uncertainty in conveyances
property or other recorded documen;
but apparently not in your case. T:
law requires you to sign your "ty
name" when registering. Sign yo
initials and surname, and inform t
clerk that that is your full name.
he refuses to accept the registrat
institute mandamus proceedings.
One man has just as much legal rig
to be known as "J"' as another has
be known as "Jay," if the letter
actually by christening or choice I:
given name. ,
If I Were President.
mRHLANP. March 21. (to if
Editor.) Had I been President and
is perfectly clear I should be inste:
of organizing an army at enormous r
pense and nearly two weeks gettii
ready to start after Villa, I would ha
offered, say $250,000 for Villa in ar
shape and $5000 for each member
his gang at Columbus. This won
have put in action Mexicans galore wi
know Villa and how to get him.
The present plan is like going varmi
hunting with a brass band, and possib
complications that may cost the Unit-
States vast treasure and many livr
That Mexican lot, a hybrid of bpanlai
and Indian, a sort of cross between
cougar and wildcat, is hard to esttmal
C. E. CLINE.
"And Some in Silks-
But nowadays it should run. "an'j
every one in silk" and silks for
every one.
Never has there been such a de
mand for silks. )
Never have there been such varied
uses for the shimmering fabrics, j
Merchants say they have difficulty
in getting stocks. Mills in this count
try are running to their capacity
and foreign supplies are less.
The new silks and the new gownr
are being advertised in The Orego
nian.
It will nrobablv nave time to lool-
the advertising over before going I
shopping.
isited on by
ic Coast, hi
atter of n I
utt has hp A