Morning Oregonian., March 20, 1916, Page 8, Image 8

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THE arOTTXIXO OREGONIAN, MONDAY, 3IARCH 20, 1916.
PORTLAND, OREGON".
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PORTLAND. MONDAY, MARCH 20, 1916.
AIMS OF GERMANS AND THEIR FOES.
The successes of the Germans
around Verdun and in Champagne
nave been won at such enormous cost
that the question arises whether they
are worth it and, if not, why Germany
made the attack and persists in it. The
Kaiser finds himself blocked in the
east by a Russian line which he has
been unable to shake for months.
There is some, apparent difficulty be
tween Germany, Austria and Bul
garia about an attack on the allied
lines around Saloniki, an attack of
which the outcome becomes more du
bious as the allies increase their force
in that quarter. An adverse moral
effect of this inaction and of Russian
victories over Turkey may have been
produced on the German people. Re
ports of food riots in Germany come
eo frequently from neutral countries
that they must have some foundation.
Germany is under the necessity of
having: "something doing- all the time"
In order to satisfy the German people.
Capture of Verdun would be spectac
ular enough to allay discontent, at the
same time would cut out a 'dangerous
5" rench salient projecting into the Ger
jinan line, and would give Germany
command of the Meuse heights and of
the Metz-Chalons railroad. It might
also derange Anglo-French plans for
n offensive in the -west when Spring
dries up the low country of Flanders.
The comparative inaction of the al
lied forces on the rest of the western
line is also matter for speculation. An
offensive on their part against some
other part of the German line
would seem to be good means
of diverting some of the German
forces from Verdun. The French re
serves of men and material may be
fully occupied around the latter place
and in preparing new lines of en
trenchments in the rear of those now
under attack, but the British surely
might launch an attack at some other
point on their part of the line, which
has lately been extended some distance
farther south.
A hint of the allies' motives may
be drawn from the opinion of the
London Times' military critic, that
their business is to put out of action
about 200,000 Germans a month, while
increasing their supply of artillery
and ammunition until they shall have
gained the superiority. If this be their
motive, they may calculate that it is
better served by letting the Crown
Prince hurl e-reat maj5spi of men st 1 structed if they circulate their petitions in
i nnce nun great, masses or men at stead of merely paving a filing fee. and it
their lines to be slaughtered, even
though they loso some ground in the
operation, -than by themselves starting
an offensive wherein they might suf
fer the greater loss. They may believe
that they -can hold the Germans in
check until the latter have exhausted
their offensive power without having
won a decisive success.
This theory accords with the Times
critic's last article. He estimates that
Germany began the war with 3,600,000
under arms out of an available total
of 9,000,000, after all deductions had
been made for industry, agricultural
and other service in the interior. He
places the total number of Germans
permanently put out of action to Feb
ruary 1 at 2,700,000. - which would
leave 2,700,000 available to maintain
the array at its original strength. He
reduces this figure to 2,000.000 by al
lowance for duty on lines of communi
cation, coasts and neutral frontiers, In
garrison and in guarding prisoners. If
losses continue at their former rate
the field armies will not iegin to lose
strength till February, 1917, but if the
allies should be able to increase this
figure to 250,000 a month the Ger
man power of reinforcement would be
exhausted by next September.
This critic lias always opposed scat
tering the allied forces by adventures
in the Balkans and against Turkey,
and he says:
We have only one enemy that counts, and
whose fall will bring his confederates down
with him. We should, therefore, concen
trate upon him, act against him offensively
with all our might, recall all useless detach
ments, liquidate all foolish adventures which
waste our armies while causing the Ger
mane no loss, and act defensively with the
last possible numbers In every theater other
than the principal. This should be the
cardinal plan of the war, and victory is as
sured if it Is pursued relentlessly.
If that be the allies' purpose, even
with some modification by continuance
of the Balkan campaign, their failure
to start an offensive may be explained
either by their not being ready and by
their refusal to change their plans
until they are ready, or by their de
termination to let the Germans wear
themselves out with assaults upon a
line which they are confident cannot
be broken and can only slightly be
pushed back or bent.
.MOTIVE OK THE MONROE DOCTRINE.
A belief is current that the reason
for adoption of the Monroe Doctrine as
a basic declaration of American forr
eijrn policy was a determination that
Kurope should let the American Hem
isphere alone on the understanding
that the United States would let Eu
rope alone. Doubtless our National
at-lf-interest dictated that we should
seek to prevent the establishment of
powerful European neighbors near our
borders, but President Monroe did not
refer to that danger; he declared that
the European "system" should not be
exiended to America.
The European system" was mon
archy. The great menace to that sys
tem had recently been reconstructed
by the restoration of the Bourbons in
France, and the autocrats of Europe
h.;d bound themselves together in the
).o!y alliance for the maintenance
ar.J strengthening of monarchy. By
successful revolution against Spanish
ru;. Latin America had emancipated
i'tse't from the European system of
monarchy and had adopted the Amer.
ii ; n system of democracy. Monroe de
clared that monarchy should not re
cover what it had lost, apprehending
that if it regained supremacy in South
America, it would attack the strong
hold of republicanism in North Amer.
i'.a. In his message of 1824 he stated
with era : ifica: ion that the new re-
tiUuUiJd Wfcie setuins down under ea:
ernments elective and representative
in every branch, similar to our own,"
and he said that we could not regard
with indifference any interference with
them, for "the motive which might in
duce such interference would be equal
ly applicable to ourselves."
This underlying motive for promul
gating the Monroe Doctrine furnishes
an additional explanation for the op
position of the United States to French
intervention in Mexico. We were not
merely opposed to interference by a
European nation in the affairs of an
American nation: we were opposed to
establishment by a monarch of an em
pire in a country which had been a
republic, at least in name. That mo
tive also explains the sympathy which
has gone out from the United States
to Belgium. We recognize in that
country a democracy existing under
the forms of monarchy which has been
crushed by a military autocrat. Had
our Government expressed the sym
pathy felt by the majority of our peo
ple, it would have done no more than
Monroe did in expressing sympathy
with the Latin republics, though he
preserved neutrality in their war with
Spain. Europe being outside the scope
of our activity, we refrain, in the case
of Belgium, from aqtive interference of
the kind which Monroe threatened in
the1 case of Latin America, but neu
trality imposes no more obligation to
withhold sympathy in the former case
than it did in the latter.
"INEXACT."
' There is at "Washington either stu
pendous ignorance or colossal indif
ference, or both, concerning the Co
lumbia River. Witness Secretary Dan
iels' inexcusable error about the depth
of water at the entrance of the
River. He would . not permit the
cruiser Pittsburg to come into the Co
lumbia, he said, because there was a
depth of . but twenty-six feet at the
river bar. Now, when The Oregonian
calls his attention to his mistake, he
sends someone to the records to learn
the facts, with the result that he ad
mits that his original statement was
inexact.
There is too much of this "inexact
ness" at 'Washington. It is hurtful
to the interests of the Columbia River
and grossly discrimatory as to all
Oregon. But nothing is done about it
nothing at all worth while, or pro
ductive of results. Our Representa
tives have no influence with the Ad
ministration, and our two Senators are
ypusy with other things too busy to
mane more man pome ana rormai
representations to bored Cabinet of
ficers and pompous heads of depart
ments about the vital interests of Ore
gon and the equally vital interest of
the Nation in the proper development
of the Columbia River, commercially
and strategically.
What have Oregon's United States
Senators done to terminate the sys-.
tematic discrimination by the Federal
bureaucracy against Portland, Oregon,
and ihe Columbia River? What are
they doing? What are they capable
of doing?
Will anyone say that .Oregon's Sena
torial representation in any desirable
sense approaches the best (raditions
of the state?
WHY NOT A VOLUNTARY EXPRESSION?
It Is a fact that Mr. Hughes is the choice
of the majority of Oregon Republicans but
there Is a better way to express this claoice
than by forcing his name onto the ballot
against his wilt. It has been established as
a legal fact that candidates for delegate to
the National convention cn be left unln
would be much better for Hughes rtepubli
cans to concentrate on candidates who have
followed the petition method. In this way
the incongruous position of instructing dele
gates for a candidate who is not the choice
of Oregon Republicans can be avoided.
The Eugene Register, from which
the foregoing is copied, recognizes as
does The Oregonian that the best way
to carry out the wishes of the Re
publicans of Oregon, if their choice be
Justice Hughes, is one of tactics. -Justice
Hughes has firmly and positively
expressed his objection to an organ
ized campaign in his behalf. But it
may be assumed that if there Js a
spontaneous party call for his nomi
nation he will accept.
The danger in an organized cam
paign is that it will force him, in or
der to safeguard his convictions that
a member, of the Supreme Bench
should not appear to be seeking Presi
dential preferment, to declare himself
in such a way that even a spontaneous
call would be unavailing.
But there is safe course other than
the one the Register suggests, which
Hughes Republicans may pursue, if
they do it voluntarily and without or
ganizing a campaign" for the purpose.
That is to write the name of Justice
Hughes on the primary ballot as their
choice for the Presidential nomination.
The propriety of such action cannot
be questioned, and if it should turn
out that the delegates were thereby
instructed the party in Oregon would
have paid Justice Hughes the highest
compliment within its power to ex
press, even though he should ultimate
ly remove himself wholly as a Presi
dential possibility.
MISrSING 'LINCOLN'S NAME.
A Democratic contemporary, sorely
distressed for facts to support the ex
traordinary course of President Wilson
toward Mexico, offers this queer ver
sion of one phase in American history:
Abraham Lincoln also resLsted Jingo
clamor In his time and refused to make war
on Mexico, Just as did Mr. Taft and Just
as has Mr. "Wilson, and in condemning Taft
and Wilson. Dr. Butler is condemning Abra
ham Lincoln. ... It is an ungrateful
thing in tho names of Republicanism to thus
Insult the memory of Lincoln, and there are
hundreds of thousands of Lincoln Republi
cans -who will bitterly resent it.
Dragging in the revered name of
Lincoln to fortify the feeble policies
of a stumbling Administration is a fa
vorite decree of present-day dema
gogy. It is the legitimate sequel
of that Civil- War copperheadism
which maligned, traduced and opposed
Lincoln during all the -weary days of
his heart-breaking career as Presi
dent, and now offers his memory the
Judas kiss of a spurious respect and
devotion.
It would be interesting to have from
this particular journalistic perverter
of history, or from any other, an exact
account of the effort, to get Lincoln
to intervene in lexico, and of his re
fusal to heed the clamor of the Jin
goes. Specifically, when, where and
how did he resist the jingo clamor of
his time? What did he say? Why
did he not act? How could the Mex
ico of the American Civil War period
be a parellel of the Mexico of today,
or a precedent for our action?
Abraham Lincoln was occupied dur
ing the four years and thirty odd days
of his Presidency almost exclusively
with the problems of our great do
mestic struggle. There had been for
three years before he was elected a
Tearful series of bloody affairs in
Mexico, which was ir. a distressed con
dition of revolution and anarchy. The
situation was so acute, and our duty
so. clear if the Monroe Doctrine
meant anything that President Bu
chanan in 1859 recommended inter
vention to Congress, But Congress
failed to act. Then on October 31,
1861, Great Britain, France and Spain
signed a Joint convention for intervention.'-
France and Spain sent troops
and Great Britain ships; but disagree
ments arose, and Great Britain and
Spain withdrew. France persisted,
and invaded Mexico. Later (186 4)
Maximilian was set upon the throne
6f Mexico, and reigned during a most
turbulent time.
The American Civil War ended, Lin
coln was assassinated, and the Amer
ican Government served notice on Na
poleon III that the presence of his
troops in Mexico and the rule oC,his
creature Maximilian was an affront to
the United States. American troops
were assembled on the Mexican border
for eventualities. Napoleon became
frightened, and withdrew his soldiers;
but Maximilian stayed, and soon suc
cumbed to the perils of revolution, and
was executed.
The French enterprise in Mexico
ended because America resented it
and required its abandonment. That
the French army would have been ex
pelled, and Maximilian dethroned,
by forcible intervention, if necessary,
cannot be doubted.
PREVENTING CRUELTY TO WIVES.
Is it not about time there was or
ganized a society for prevention of
cruelty to wives? The number seems
to be growing of men who forget their
promise to love, cherish - and protect.
This is not Europe, where the able
bodied men are in the war and the
women must, perforce, do the work.
This is the United States of America,
the home of the brave and the free,
where, according to popular fancy, the
men earn the money and the women
wear the diamonds. Alas and alack!
It cannot be true.
In the Circuit Court a few days ago
a wife of three years' standing, suing
for a decree, alleged the following par
ticulars: She is compelled to live with her
husband's folks. All wives know what
that means, or think they do.
She must arise at 6 and do all the
housework. That in itself is not a
hardship. Thousands of wives do it.
But
,She works all day in a box factory.
And
At night she runs the ticket window
until midnight of her father-in-law's
moving-picture house!
Decree granted and let the record
so show! And if any wife in this great
city of Portland objects, she should
at once write to the papers.
GASOLINE AND ITS SUBSTITUTE.
Vast extension in use of internal
combustion engines has turned atten
tion everywhere to the provision of a
regular and abundant supply of fuel
for them. Gasoline, which was form
erly regarded by oil refiners as worse
than useless and which later ranked
only as a by-product of petroleum,
kerosene holding first place, has now
become the most popular fuel for these
engines in the United States. In Eu
rope it divides favor with benzol.
Spread of the use of gas and electricity
for lighting has destroyed the market
for kerosene, and such vast quantities
are stored away that oilmen do not
know what to do with it.' At the same
time, the war has caused Europe to
increase its consumption of gasoline
and to decrease its production. It
draws largely pn the United States, not
only sending up the price from 11
to 18 cents a. gallon, but causing
alarm about exhaustion of Amer
ican petroleum, which is 60 per cent
of the world's known supply.
It is estimated by Van H. Manning,
director of the United States Bureau
of Mines, that if consumption contin
ues at the present wasteful pace, the
supply of petroleum in the United
States will be exhausted in twenty
seven years. He has turned his atten
tion to means of conserving it, both by
promoting the largest possible output
of gasoline and other products and by
promoting the use of other fuels than
crude oil and gasoline and of other
sources of gasoline.
The most promising device is the
Rlttman process of "cracking" oil. By
other processes less than 20 per cent
of gasoline is extracted. This is the
main source of profit, the other dis
tillates being sold at only slightly more
than cost of production. The Ritt
man process increases the proportion
of gasoline by from 15 to 90 per cent
by extracting it from all the ingredi
ents, including kerosene. Use may
thus be found for the vast stores of
kerosene and the supply of gasoline
may be appreciably increased.
Petroleum might be economized by
substituting coal as a source of illumi
nating and heating gas, but gas com
panies rrefer oil because it is cheaper
and because they escape the necessity
of finding a market for coke. On the
contrary, consumption of crude oil as
fuel rapidly increases both on land and
sea. x
One alternate is to find substitutes
for gasoline as fuel for automobiles
and other internal combustion engines.
Construction of engines might be
adapted to the use of kerosene, in
which case dealers in gasoline might
sell either fuel. Denatured alcohol has
also been proposed, but its production
has fallen miserably short of the great
expectations raised a few years ago,
either because the American farmer
does not take readily to new ideas or
because the Government has strangled
the infant industry with restrictive red
tape Alcohol also freezes at too high
a temperature to be reliable in a cold
climate. Benzol, which is used in Eu
rope and is a by-product of coke, may
prove a good substitute in this coun
try. But its price is now as high as
that of gasoline, as it is in great de
mand ' for manufacture of explosives,
dyes and chemicals, and the supply is
limited by. the demand for coke and
other by-products of coke. As benzol
and the other by-products are not
saved at the great majority of coke
works in the United States and as the
steel boom is vastly increasing coke
production, there is room for practic
ally unlimited increase in the output
of this motor fuel.
The great difficulty in the way of
general use of substitutes for gasoline,
however, is the necessity of adapting
motors specially to their use. This in
turn requires an unlimited supply as
generally distributed at every cross
roads as is gasoline. Otherwise an
automobilist might be stalled at a re
mote place because his machine burn
ed benzol, alcohol or kerosene, while
the oil station could supply only gaso
lene. Only great companies, with vast
production and with supply stations
at every village, could successfully In
troduce thesesubstitutes.
Attention therefore centers on in
creasing the supply of gasoline. The
Rittman process offers the best pros
pects, for seven independent oil com
panies have already signed contracts
with the Government for its use. It
yields not only gasoline but benzol and
toluol, which are a source of much
profit at present. Gasoline can also
be produced from oil shale, of which
there are great areas in Utah and
Colorado similar to those which have
long been mined in Scotland.
The present necessity of economy in
use of petroleum products naturally
inspires vain regret at the waste of
many million barrels of oil when the
first wells were struck in each new
field. But the general knowledge we
have gained of substitute sources of
gasoline and of substitute fuels war
rants confidence that necessity will
stimulate discovery of that which will
supply all the engines df the future.
Mentioned "In the article on the in
creased cost of living, published in
The Oregonian, Sunday, was the sim
ple little item of leadpencils. The
soaring price of leadpencils will not
break the ordinary individual, yet in
some institutions they call for an im
portant outlay. It may never have oc.
curred to us before that there is some
thing more in a leadpencil than "lead,
graphite and wood. The highly var
nished exterior gets its brilliant hues
from German dies, and German dies
are practically off the market. The
brass' cap which holds the rubber
eraser on 50 per cent of the leadpencils
manufactured is another cause of in
creased cost. The pencil manufacturer
must take what is left over after the
munition makers fill their need. But
the most threatening shortage is in a
dye used in making the marking sub
stance of the copying pencil used in
great quantities by railroad and other
large corporations. This dye is an
aniline product made almost exclu
sively in Germany and is known as
methyl violet. A natural alkaline wa
ter is used in its manufacture, and
water " suitable is said to have been
found in New York. A company has
been organized there to make methyl
Violet in limited quantities. Aside
from the indirect cost the war imposes
on America, it is providing us wth a
liberal knowledge of the component
parts of the most common articles of
use.
A German, who knows Turkey and
is friendly to foreign missions, recently
wrote to the American Board in re
gard to an American college in that
country:
' If you wish it not to be suppressed or
taken over by the Young Turks you must
put off Instruction In French, limit instruc
tion in English, which you better call Amer
ican hereafter, and put German on the
schedule as an elective value with American.
He adds the interesting statement
that since German is difficult the Ger
man government is planning to press
Esperanto as an easy substitute for
French. Here we find evidence of a
struggle for supremacy between rival
languages. For majiy years English
was the language of commerce, but of
late years German has been competing
with it. English is the European lan
guage first learned by the natives of
remote countries, but if Germany were
to be victorious and were to take the
British colonies, German might soon
become the world language despite its
manifest drawbacks.
At last a use has been found for the
Congressional Record:
A Vermont newspaper comes to this office
dally bound in a page of the Congressional
Record. This thirfty thought may prove
catching. It establishes a field of useful
ness for a much-criticised publication, as
well as a supply of wrapping paper that
never fails.
But how mortifying it must be to
the Congressional orators to see frag
ments of their verbal outpourings put
to such an ignoble use.
What has become of all those pacif
ists in Congress whose constituents
wrote letters dictated by Bryan pro
testing against militarism? Claud
Kitchln and General Sherwood, for
example, said the preparedness scare
was stirred up by the munition-makers
for their own profit, but they have
not yet murmured. Their constituents
may have spoken in a different strain.
Having vbeen called to account by
Uncle Sam, Germany is "taking it out
of" Holland by sinking Dutch ships.
This may be suicidal folly, for a flank
attack by Holland would be serious to
Germany if it were made at the pre
cise time when the , Anglo-French
forces make a frontal attack.
John Minto's management of the
Salem institution does not make the
place attractive, as a trusty has dis
appeared. Having been sent from Mal
heur, he probably misses the ticks in
the Spring.
The Englishes at Frederick, Md.,
seem to have been packing guns each
for the other, and when the husband
attempted to draw the wife got him
first. It is just as well these cases
are rare.
Now it's the weather that caused
the car shortage. Why blame the
railroads or the shippers or the ship
owners or the war when we have such
a convenient scapegoat as the weath
er? Discovery of a valid check for $60,
000 in the vest of a dead man in Cali
fornia suggests overhauling by men
alive of discarded clothing. A find
is that much "velvet."
No doubt the purser of the Ameri
can liner now on his 1100th trip across
the Atlantic has always longed for a
home on the' prairie, out of sight of
water.
Once more Roumania is on the
point of joining the allies, according
to hopeful ally writers, but in fact is
waiting to see which way the cat will
Jump.
If we teach the boys how to shoot,
as proposed by Senator Hardwick, they
will be ready for business by the time
any big nation has leisure to attack
us.
Republican registration is nearly
three times as large as Democratic;
yet the Democratic candidate oft has
the long pole to reach the persimmon.
"Hood River Quality" is due to en
ergy as much, as to soil and climate.
At dealer up there has sold twenty
power sprayers already this season.
The Administration is cheered by
an increase of $15,000,000 in Income
tax estimates, but what is that in the
hands of Democratic spenders?
Republicans need to be careful not
to have too many keynote speeches,
lest the public be confused as to
which is the real keynote.
The "doings" at that county con
vention in Oklahoma Saturday evoke
smiles among Multnomah Republicans
whpse memory 13 good.
The Georgia Governor guarantees
the Innises full safety, which is what
the other Governor guaranteed Frank.
These are . the days of the come
back.
How to Keep Well
By Dr. W. A, Evans.
Questions pertinent to hygiene, sanitation
and prevention of disease, if matters of gen
eral interest, will be answered in this col
umn. Where space will not permit or the
subject is not suitable, letter will be per
sonally answered, subject to proper limita
tions and where stamped, addressed en
velope is inclosed. Dr. Evans will not make
diagnosis or prescribe for individual dis
eases. Requests for such service cannot be
answered.
(Copyright, 1016, by Dr. W. A. Evans.
Published by arrangement with Chicago
Tribune.) '
Beat Food (or Baby.
What is the best food for a baby?
Breast milk.
Is breast feeding always possible?
No. However, it is safe to say that
three-fourths of the mothers who say
they have not milk enough to nurse
their babies or that their milk dis
agrees with their babies, and who,
therefore, wean them, are mistaken.
Does a. mother save herself trouble
by weaning her baby? No. Preparing
milk Is troublesome. A sick baby is
lots of trouble. Going away from home
"with a bottle-fed baby is difficult. Con
sidering all these things, the conclusion
is that a. woman who decides to bottle
feed her baby makes trouble for her
self. How can a woman Increase her flow
of milk? By keeping mentally calm,
avoiding excitement, avoiding over
work, over-exercise, excess of social
life. By drinking plenty of water and
eating enough plain, substantial food.
Most nursing mothers overtax their di
gestion by trying to eat enough so as
to have plenty of milk. A decrease in
milk results.
Are there any foods or drinks which
especially increase the mother's milk?
Perhaps milk and water do. Probably
all other milk producing foods and bev
erages are without special value.
If a breast-fed baby is constipated
how should the mother change her diet?
She should drink more water. She
should eat more fruit and vegetables.
If a mother does not have enough
milk: should she wean her baby? No.
It is much better for her to give her
baby the breast and supplement with
the bottle. Two breast feedings a day
will sometimes prevent scurvy and keep
the baby growing.
At what age should the baby be
weaned? At 10 to 12 months of age.
What difference does the hot weather
make as to weaning the baby? Babies
born in the Summer should be trans
ferred to cow's milk,' cereals, crackers,
meat juice and fruits either before the
hot weather begins or after it ends.
Therefore, babies born in the Summer
should.be weaned somewhere between
8 and 16 months of age..
How shall barley water be prepared?
Add two teaspoonful of prepared
barley to a pint, of water. Boil for 15
minutes. Add enough water to make a
pint. Strain through cheesecloth.
How is oatmeal water prepared? Add
a teaspoonful of oatmeal to a pint of
water boil -15 minutes. Add enough
water to make a pint. Strain through
cheesecloth.
How is beef juice prepared? Mince
up a pound of lean meat. Place in a
large-mouthed jar. Add a teaspoonful
of salt. Close the jar tight. Set in a
iwater bath (stevypan will do) contain
ing hot water. The water should be as
hot as 'the hand can bear. It must
not be boiling hot. Set the water bath
containing the bottle on the back of the
stove. Leave it there, hot, for half an
hour. Press out the juice with a meat
press or lemon squeezer. Keep in a
clean bottle or Ice.
How is albumen water 'prepared?
Stir the white of an egg into half a
pint of pure milk-warm water. Add a
little salt.
How is whey prepared? Add one tea
spoonful of assence of pepsin, diluted
with a teaspoonful of water, to a pint
of skim milk. The milk should toe at
100 degrees Fahrenheit. Stir as the
pepsin is added, but not afterward.
Break up the curd. Place in a clean
cloth and press out the whey. Heat
the whey until bubbles of steam appear
on the side of the vessel. Cool and
keep on ice.
Cradle Head.
Mrs. M. E. T. writes: "My baby is 6
weeks old. At 3 weeks his head be
came thick with 'cradle head"; looks
like thick dandruff; also in his eye
brows. I oil and comb it out, but it
does not seem to get better.
"Will you please state the cause in
the first place and suggest some treat
ment?" REPLY.
Cradle head, known by many names. Is an
evidence that the baby is not being fed
properly. Cleaning the head with grease,
cold cream and. in some cases, with soap
and water, is all that need be done locally.
I presume your milk is too rich. If so, you
need to drink more water. Give the baby a
few spoons of water Just before he nurses.
You will be wise if you get the help of your
physician in working this out. y
Palate In the Way.
L. J. M. writes: "What do you think
is the cause of and remedy for snoring
with closed mouth?. 'The palate seems
to relax and drop down just as I am
dropping off" to sleep. Throat and nose
perfectly clear and health good. Fine
ventilation in bedroom."
REPLY.
You have stated the cause. The conforma
tion of your pharynx 1b such that your pal
ate "gets in the way" when you sleep with
your moth closed or almost closed. Can
you learn to sleep on your side?
There I Danger.
M. Tj. A. writes: "Is there any dan
ger when a lady has Bright's disease
and becomes pregnant of losing her life
to let the pregnancy go on? Could you
advise me the safest way? I suffer
fcomething terrible."
REPLY.
A pregnant woman developing Bright's
disease is in danger. She should get good
medical advice, and follow it.
In Danger.
G. B. A. writes: "A dear friend has
had kidney trouble for years, and of
late bloat in the body and limbs. I am
getting anxious and afraid it may be
fatal soon. Do you think she is in a
dangerous state?" "
REPLY.
Yes.
JOHS STEVENS' CHOICE.
They were sitting on the porch of their
modest bungalow,
John Stevens and his bonny bride of
just a week or so.
His work was done, and Stevens, his
heart and pipe aglow.
Was glad to sit and listen to the pretty
ebb and flow
Of the bright conceits and fancies of
her so pure and sweet.
That, search the wide world over, he
knew you could not beat.
"Reading up on Grecian lore for our
little club today,
I came upon a fancy, John, that pleased
me mightily.
'Twas said the sweet foYget-me-nots,
the fragrant violets, too.
Were ordered made of patches from out
of heaven's own blue:
And, wherever a piece was taken, a
new star would appear.
"Twas heaven shining through the hole
to give us mortals cheer."
"It is a pretty fancy, Kate. With your
author J agree.
More, there's a pair of laughing eyes
that are very dear to me,
I know that they were fashioned out
of heaven's own blue.
And, brighter than the brightest star,
is the lovelight shining through.
I would rather haye their welcome,
dear, than all the kingly power
Of all the gods Olympian, set forth in
Grecian lore;
And, rather than the throne of him,
their great and mighty Jove,
I'll take my chance of happiness with
the litlte girl I love."
HORACE WILLIAM MACNEAL.
HOW TO SUCCEED WITH TOMATOES
Have Plants Started In Individual Pots
at Florist's.
PORTLAND, March 19. (To the Edi
tor.) The amateur gardener is wrink
ling his brow in perplexity and with
proper intervals of delighted anticipa
tion, as he thinks of the magic results
which nature and his handiwork will
produce from the dull brown earth that
lies at hi3 feet. For over MO years the
writer has responded to the fascinat
ing call that comes each Spring with
birds, buds and growing things. This
much he knows that we amateurs
nearly always bite off .too many crops,
get away from fundamentals; (a criti
cism that might apply to our educa
tional methods and many other things.)
But to return: Peas, beans, corn, are
the three heavy crops always welcome
at nearly every meal and seldom or
never in sufficient volume. Forget the
lettuce and the radishes; our city mar
ket supplies enough. An asparagus bed
is a delight and will last for years
without replanting; onion sets are
easy. Successional crops of peas and
beans will keep the table supplied
until frost comes.
Years ago I tried tomatoes without
success a splendid crop, but never rip
ened, and found their way perforce to
the pickle jar. Four years ago, how
ever, came the brilliant idea of hav
ing the plants started in individual
pots at the florist's, in February or
March. It was a success from the start.
Mr. Florist turned over to me on the
15th day .of May sturdy plants in six
inch" pots. Buds had formed; the plants
were stocky; the ground was warm;
there wasn't a minute's delay. Those
tomato plants looked up w-ith delight
the day I gently shook off the pot
and set them firmly, a little lower in
the ground than they were before, with
plenty of fertilizer underneath. My,
how they grew! Have- never had a
failure.
Carry a strip of eix-foot poultry net
ting at an angle of 45 degrees back
of the plants, let ihe vines rest gently
on this, facing the sun if possible; then
you have ripe tomatoes when others
who buy the ordinary tomato plants
dug out of the crowded box are only
forming blossoms. In other words, the
single potted plants give you at least
six weeks' or two months' start.
WILLIAM F. WOODWARD.
LEAGUE-, PURPOSE! IS UNTIMELY
General Anderson Addresses Letter to
Society to Enforee Peace.
PORTLAND. March 19. (To the Ed
itor.) Permit me to address in your
columns an open letter to William D.
Wheelwright, chairman local League to
Enforce Peace:
Referring to the circular letter you
did me the honor to send me, I reply in
an open letter because you have been
joined in your peace league by a num
ber of our most highly respected citi
zens, and to you nil, one and Blngular,
I would say, that a proposition may
be excellent in itself, yet so untimely
as to be detrimental.
As I write I see out of my window
a sign. "U. S. Recruiting Station," and
over it the National flag. At the Ar
mory, on Tenth street, there is an
other appeal for recruits for the Ore
gon National Guard. Why is this?
Because 25,000 men are needed to
fill up th regular Army and as many
to fill the National Guard. Yourself
and the worthy gentlemen affiliated
with you are citizens of the United
States, bound under. the Constitution to
support the Government that gives you
privilege and protection, by force of
arms if need be, within certain age lim
itations. You have not been called on
personally, but 50,000 men are required
now and several hundred thousand
prospectively.
How much eneourageemnt are you
giving with your league of peace prop
aganda? How much peace do you want?
Can you even advise the belligerents,
in Europe without a violation of the
"Eleventh Commandment?" Is it not
better tc let them fight out their con
tentions to tho bitter end? There are
60,000.000 of subject races in Europe
without rights of citizenship or free
dom of conscience. How much longer
must they submit to wrong? Yet you
peace people propose to enforce peace
by an international constabulary.
Dr. Johnson said it required a sur
gical operation to make a Scotchman
see a Joke, but I did not think it would
require such a drastic method to make
American gentlemen appreciate the in
consistency, may we say the absurdity,
of enforcing peace by the dread arbi
trament of war. Is that the reason you
are willing to concede preparedness?
Or have you the mental reservation ex
pressed in the old doggerel:
Mother, May I go out to swim?
Yes, my dearest daughter:
Hang your clothes on a hickory limb.
But don't go near the water.
THOMAS M. ANDERSON.
WARY OF" JUDICIAL TEMPERAMENT
Writer Consider Hughes Out of Touch
With Common People.
PORTLAND, March 19. (To the Edi
tor.) For the past three years the
Republican party has made zealous
search for a candidate who stands
some show of defeating Mr. Wilson.
Narrowed down we have Roosevelt and
Hughes.
Hughes, perhaps, could be elected if
he were not opposed by Colonel Roose
velt. His election does not mean that
he would be satisfactory to his party
or the country at large, while judging
from the past. Colonel Roosevelt would
be the same able executive that he, has
been In the past. The last time he
left office it was with laurels, well
earned, and with the hope of his party
that his successor, Mr. Taft, would not
fluke.
Mr. Taft Is in many respects like
Hughes. At the time of his election
his views on public questions were
obscure. Taft was a "regular"; he was
a good party man; he was a good
judge on the bench and a good Cabi
net man but a blunderbuss in the
Presidential chair.
Hughes, like .Taft, knows little, of
the world. He neither speaks nor un
derstands the. common language of the
street. His heart is not particularly
sympathetic and he analyzes human
beings from a judicial, cold-blooded
standpoint. Hughes, in his experience
and education, is narrowly aristocratic
and was born with a corporation view
point, inflexible as granite.
The main reason that'Colonel Roose
velt is popular is that he knows many
worlds and is on common terms with
humanity, sensing their feeling and
desires with them. Roosevelt knows
society from the meat to the frothy
crust. He is a doer, a believer, a
fighter, a peace-maker and. first of all,
an American. The ethics of the stren
uous one might well be:
Let me mix with the tall men and short
men,
"With brain men and brawn men be free;
And knowing forever that ail men are
Good enough fellows for me.
C. K.
Meaning of "Moron."
THE DALLES, Or.. March 17. (To
the Editor.) In an article, "Shall
Cousins Marry?" on the editorial pt'.ge
of The Oregonian the word "rao-on"
occurs a number of times. I have
looked for the word in Webster'?, Inter
national Dictionary and fail to rind it.
The article is very interestinf , but one
cannot get the full benefit of it without
knowing the meaning of this word, at
least I cannot. Will you explain?
ALBERT S. ROBERTS.
A moron is a person lot of normal
mentality and yet not in imbecile. It
is a term sometimes employed by alien
ists to designate an rdult who, while
capable of supporting ? and caring for
himself, has the reasoning faculties of
a half grown child. ?red Tronson, the
Portland elevator o jerator who some
months ago killed a foung woman who
repulsed his attentiSns, was declared
by a local criminalojilst to be a moron.
In Other Days
Twenty-five Years Ago,
From The Oregonian of March 19, 1SH1.
Gibraltar, March 17. The British
steamship Utopia, bound for New York
from Italian ports with. 700 Italian im
migrants, collided today with the Brit
ish, ironclad Rodney and sank. Nearly
600 were drowned.
The personnel of the Portland base
ball club is about made up. Neither of
the Parrotts have signed yet, says
Manager Glenalvin. The men signed
are: James Wadsworth, Fred Betz and
Theodore Conover, pitchers; E. B. Lytle,
Andrew Tully and T. T. Dowse, catch
ers; Frank Motz, first base; Jack Dar
rah, shortstop; George Westlake and
William George, fielders.
New ,York. It is reported Lila
Vane, the leading actress in Charles
Frohman's "All the Comforts of Home,"
had received $25,000 in compromise of
the suit for breach of promise recently
brought against a Buffalo capitalist
named King
Ann Eliza, the 19th wife of Brigham
Young, is now the wifo of Representa
tive Denning, of Michigan.
Tickets will be put on sale today for
the engagement of Frederick Warde
and Mrs. D. P. Bowers in "Henry VIII."
Samuel Gompers, president of the
American Federation of Labor, is in
the city.
Sacramento Felton has been chosen
Senator for California.
Councilman C. M. Forbes has been
traveling in California.
Mrs. Clara Foltz, California's lady
lawyer, has been in the state several
days.
"Pygmalion and Galatea" was pre
sented, last night at the Park Theater
by the Harry T. Keene Company, as
sisted by Miss Caroline Gage.
From The Oregonian March 19, 1S6C.
W. W. Buck presided as chairman of
the Clackamas County union conven
tion last week on St. Patrick's day,
and Fred Charman was secretary. Will
iam Whitlock was assistant secretary.
Colonel T. R. Cornelius was made chair
man of the Washington County union
convention at Hillsboro and H. C. Ray
mond was secretary. Washington
County indorsed William Bowlby for
the nomination for Congress.
Washington, March 16. Robert Dale
Owen appeared before the House com
mittee yesterday and argued in favor
of the new proposition to guarantee
the $50,000,000 loan to the Republic of
Mexico. He believed It was the duty
of the United States to assist a strug
gling neighbor fighting against im
perial despotism.
The Secretary of Arizona has been
appointed Governor of Idaho vice Caleb
Lyon.
The Oregon Herald, the Democratic
Daily, made its appearance Saturday.
Sarah Elizabeth Perry and Henry
Lamberson, of Columbia County, were
married March 14. .
The house three miles south of the
city on the macadamized road for
merly known as the Red House, has
lately been refurnished and improved
and will be known as the Fulton House.
Samuel Woodard will be proprietor.
The programme of the annual exer
cises of the Gamma Sigma Society of
the Pacific University at Forest Grove,
which takes place May 1, has been pub
lished. The opening address will be
by J. E. Walker, Jr. A. Holbrook, of
this city, will deliver the chief oration.
, Za.ra. Sweet, of Eugene City, has in
vented a novel spinning wheel. It
spins three times as fast as the ordin
ary wheel.
ROOSEVELT SUREST OF1 ELECTION.
Republican Thinks Him strongest But
Would Not Vote) for Him. '
VANCOUVER. Wash., March 18. (To
the Editor.) From a letter by a Salem
contributor I quote the following:
"Cannot the Chicago convention give
us a man whom all factions can en
thusiastically endorse?"
In this regard I would ask your
correspondent to suggest the name of
such prodigy.
One can but feel that were the con
vention to place in nomination the
name of the Great Jehovah it would
not receive enthusiastic endorsation
from a-11 factions.
I feel that your correspondent ex
pects too much of the Chicago conven
tion. The writer has voted with the Re
publican party since the days of Grant
and would be- "delighted" to cast for
such a candidate a vote, which accord
ing to the years ailoted to man, is likely
to be his last vote in a Presidential
election. ,
If we hope to elect a Republican
President our desire can be attained
only through the convention nominat
ing a man prominent, popular and ca-
Lpable.
I did not vote for Mr. Roosevelt in
1912 and there are reasons why,
through choice, I would not vote for
him next November. But I feel that
the man of my choice could not be
elected. ,
I therefore would be pleased to ee
Mr. Roosevelt nominated as I believe
that he is the one man in the Repub
lican party who can be elected.
AN AMERICAN.
A PRONOUNCING GAZETTEER.
New York Tribune.
At Portland, Or., (a tourist I,
Unley;ered in the nomenclature)
I asked a tar I chanced to spy.
The River's name. Quite true to nature
His answer showed a citizen
Of regions famed for spaghetti.
"I canna tell for sure, but then
We calla hima Willamette."
Again I sought the proper name.
Accosting one who seemed au fait.
With broad-brim hat and giant frame
I thought he could not say me nay.
"The name seems French and kind'o
tony.
But whar I live, in Arizony,
Things is jist nateral, and you bet
We'd call that river Willamette."
Quite in despair I tried once more.
And this time struck a real Portlander.
In mute contempt he looked me o'er,
(I certainly had roused his dander)
"Each kid," said he, "upon the street
Can trippingly that name repeat, .
And you don't know? Why stranger,
damn, it.
That splendid stream is called
Willamette!"
Harvey W. "Wiley.
Pulling a Business
Up a Hill
You can't lift yourself by your
boot legs.
Neither can you pull your busi
ness out of a rut by main strength.
You must win new trade and to
win you must work intelligently.
In these days that means to ad
vertise but people know you have
something to offer.
This is the age of the printed
word and its great messenger is
the daily newspaper that goes
directly into the home.