Morning Oregonian., March 17, 1916, Page 10, Image 10

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THE MOUSING- OlTEGOXIATf. FRIDAY. aiAHCII IT, 1916.
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PORTLAND, r'KIDAY, MARCH 17. 1918-
A NEW POLITICAL ERA OPENS.
President Butler has well defined the
need which the war has impressed
upon the American people. We must
recognize that our National isolation
has been ended, that without our aid
and perhaps against our will we have
been drawn into the network of inter
national politics and that we must
equip ourselves to play our part worth
ily in the new position which has been
forced upon us.
To do this requires many things of
us Our people must accustom them
selves to think of their country as one
among the world's community of na
tions and to. study its relation to the
other members of that community. Our
statesmen and legislators must be the
men best versed in that study, . men
who can deduce therefrom a foreign
policy which will realize the ideals,
perform the duties and guard the in
terests of the Nation. That they may
do this and may put in practice the
National policy, our statesmen must
learn to dissociate foreign policy irom
party and to act as a unit in dealings
with other nations.
As a stream can rise no higher than
its source, statesmen can rise no higher
than the people who elect them. Only
the exceptional man can do that which
he is convinced is for the public good
in defiance of popular clamor. The
average politician will continually seek
a cue from the people as to which way
he should go. It is necessary then
that the people should inform them
selves on international problems, for
mulate their wishes in general terms
and convey those wishes to their rep
resentatives in such unmistakable
manner as to insure correct interpre
tation and ready obedience.
In order that the people may decide
wisely, they must start right that is,
they must approach the subject from
the American viewpoint. The foreign
born must fling away their hyphens.
No thought of what American policy
will be best for Germany or Britain
or France or Russia must cloud their
judgment. The true American policy,
as defined in the historic documents to
which Dr. Butler referred, is best not
only for the United States but for all
nations, whether in America, Europe
or any other continent. The pro-German
and the pro-ally work best for
Germany and for the allies when they
are exclusively pro-Americans, for the
American ideal would secure to Ger
many a place in the sun and freedom
of the seas and it would secure to
the allies freedom from aggression and
militarism as well as the integrity of
small nations. He best serves the
world who best serves the United
Slates by striving to realize American
ideals.
So also the native-born American
needs to clear his mind of all thought
that he is a Republican or a Democrat,
an Easterner, a Southerner or a West
erner, a capitalist or a workingman,
and to think only as an American. He
needs to carry his mind back to the
great days of 1776 and 1861 and to
think as the patriots of those days
thought. Then he cannot avoid right
thinking. He must forget whether his
district is to get an appropriation for
a river or a public building, a naval
base or an army post by electing a cer
tain man to Congress, but he must con
sider only whether that man will ably
and faithfully strive to make the
United States safe, strong and re
spected by other nations and to ad
vance the cause of liberty, peace and
justice in the councils of the world.
In this respect an example worthy
of our emulation has been set by the
belligerent nations. Though torn by
political controversy when war began,
they have forgotten their internal
quarrels, closed ranks and present an
unbroken front in the presence of Na
tional peril. Aristocrat, plutocrat and
democrat remember only that they are
brothers working in a common cause.
So should it be with us in regard to
affairs where our interests and rights
bs a Nation must be upheld in dealing
with other nations, in time of peace as
well as in time of war.
That we maj preserve and advance
our National ideals, maintain our in
tegrity and uphold our rights, it is
necessary that we be strong at all
points. Our citizens should be trained
and equipped for war and our Army
and Navy should be sufficient to over
come any aggressor, but that is not
enough. A navy is impotent without
a merchant marine to supply it and
to train men in sea service. Our for
eign commerce may languish and die
if we have not ships to carry it. The
success of both Army and Navy depends
upon the ability of the Nation to sup
ply them with all the manifold ma
terials of modern war without draw
ing on any other nation. To this end
our natural resources of all kinds
should be fully developed and all in
flustries necessary to supply our
civil and military needs should
be pursued to a degree equal to
our maximum requirements. This
cannot be done unless new indus
tries are protected from destructive
foreign competition during their in
fancy. It is necessary, in order to determine
. what measure of protection should be
given and at what times it should be
increased, decreased or withdrawn,
that a constant inquiry be conducted
by experts who seek only economic
facts without aiming to sustain any
particular theory. That inquiry can
best be entrusted to a non-partisan,
permanent tariff commission.
The war has proved that the tariff
question is not one solely of domestic
policy or of foreign commerce; it is
closely connected with National de
Tense. This fact has been brought
home so forcibly to the belligerents
that even Manchester, the citadel of
free trade, is prepared to sanction a
customs union of the allied countries
and their colonies which would impose
discriminating duties on imports from
the Teuton empires after the war. This
Nation, being dependent on Chile for
nitrates, , might be unable to defend
Itself because it has neglected to de
velop the nitrate industry, which, can
be cheaply carried on by use of water
power. Thus the question, of conser
vation becomes connected with that
of the tariff and, through it, with that
of National defense.
Patriotism, therefore, demands that
we think Nationally and internation
ally in considering not only questions
of foreign policy and of National de
fense but also questions of internal
policy, and that we recognize the close
relation which the latter may have
with the former. When we thus ap
proach all public questions, we shall
realize that the highest efficiency of
the whole Nation and of all its units
is the surest means to promote its
strength and safety and to realize its
ideals.
NET RESULTS OF PROHIBITION.
In fairness it should be explained
that the remark we are about to quote
is but an incidental part of a column
editorial discussing the ups and downs
of prohibition. Perhaps the New York
Evening Post, from which it is taken,
would not, upon mature reflection, in
sist upon the accuracy of its statement:
The most recent development is the en
acting of an ostensibly prohibition law,
which permits the citizens to import a fixed
number of gallons or quarts a month. Pre
sumably, a state so enacting- is a prohibition
state, since it strictly forbids the manufac
ture or sale of liquor within its borders.
As tha limit of gallons and quarts it im
poses, however, is often higher than the
average consumed in non-prohibition states,
the net effect of its legislation is merely
to alter the source of the citizen's supply.
The bare figures on previous aver
age consumption and newer individual
limitations on purchase do not provide
a mathematical guide to the effect of
this new style in prohibition enact
ments. England as a war measure is
enforcing a drastic anti-treating law.
The object, of course, is to diminish
drunkenness and consequent "slack
ing" and waste of money. The treat
ing evil is automatically eliminated by
the Oregon law, which contains the
provision commented on by the Post.
The record of the guzzler enters into
the figures on average consumption
under license of the liquor traffic. The
guzzler is curtailed by the Oregon law,
while consumption by the man who
drinks only occasionally is not in
creased. The net result necessarily includes
less intoxication, more money saved for
useful purposes and diminution of
crime, bull the law is not prohibition
in the specific use of the word. It is
an act to regulate the use of intoxi
cants. AVhy, if use of liquor is to be
permitted, the users should be required
to seek a source outside of the state
is not clear.
fiOOO NEWS FROM THE CANAL.
News that the Panama Canal" is to
be reopened about April 15 will be
particularly welcome to Pacific Coast
lumbermen, who have been subjected
to the" tortures of Tantalus. When
cars were abundant and the Canal was
open, they could not sell lumber. When
orders came in, the Canal was closed
and cars were scarce. The car short
age is now relieved and the Canal is
to be opened. They will appreciate
these boons the more for having been
deprived of them.
The railroads, too, should rejoice
that the Canal is to be reopened. While
it has been closed they have been ut
terly unable to care for the traffic
which crowded the lines leading to
Atlantic ports, and their earnings have
surely been less than would have been
the case had traffic been merely near
their capacity. The situation fur
nishes cumulative evidence that the
business of the country has outgrown
the ability of the railroads to carry it
or to expand their facilities at an
equal pace with business expansion.
and that the Canal was needed not
only to reduce the cost of water car
riage but to carry a positive overflow
of traffic from the railroads. The
United States has work for all means
of transportation rail, ocean and wa
terway and the development of one
should not be opposed as designed to
take business from another. Only in
times of depression does one heed to
grab business from another, but our
transportation, system should be con
structed for normal, not for depressed.
conditions.
A POLITICAL WEATHER COCK.
Condemned by newspapers of his
district for criticising President Wil
son's record in a speech which made
a hit at Boston, Representative Aus
tin, of Tennessee, has replied with a
bill of particulars. His recital of facts
will be hard to answer.
The President favored Canal toll ex
emption in his campaign, but forced
its repeal.
He was pledged by his platform to
a single term, but he prevented legis
lation which would have limited him
to one term and he now is a candidate
for a second term.
He condemned undesirable immigra
tion in his writings, but he vetoed the
bill which would have prevented it.
He abolished the Tariff Commission
and said none was necessary. When
the United States Chamber of Com
merce unanimously declared for it, he
reversed himself and advised its es
tablishment. He opposed woman suffrage when
women asked him to support it, but
voted for it in New Jersey.
He opposed strengthening the Army
and Navy a year ago, but when public
opinion proved to be strongly in favor
of it he championed preparedness.
He opposed intervention in Mexico,
but he "butted in" by sending John
Lind to demand Huerta's resignation,
by placing an embargo on arms and
then lifting it and by sending an Army
to Vera Cruz.
Mr. Austin wrote:
I could enumerate several other changes,
but I think this sufficient proof of my
statement mat tne president is a political
weathercock.
What? The cloistered sage who for
years had been studying the art of
government in the light of history
and who had been forming carefully
thought-out conclusions to be applied
in practice, is called a weathercock?
We had been led to believe that the
old standard brand of politicians an
swered best to that description and
that they were to be swept aside by
Mr. Wilson as the representative of a
new type. He was to head a new
school which would adhere strictly to
a definite policy, unmoved by clamor
or criticism. We have, instead, a
President who boxes the compass of
political opinion with an agility which
would have won the admiration of the
most adept among politicians of the
old type.
French estimates of German losses
at Verdun are hardly to be credited.
Some reports have placed the number
of German dead left on the field at
85,000. In the entire Civil War in
America the Federal forces had only
67,05 8 killed in battle. Whether of
ficers would send men . into such a
slaughter as that implied, by French
reports is to be doubted, Storij
the youth and physical unfitness of
German soldiers captured may also be
taken with a grain of salt. The same
stories were told much earlier in the
war, yet French and English chron
iclers now comment on what fine men
the Germans heretofore taken have
been in comparison with newer cap
tures. But even if the French have
taken as prisoners numerous boys and
inferior men, the fact is not a fair
indication of the general run of Ger
man soldiers. They are the ones most
likely to surrender in a pinch.
OPPORTUNITY POR AIRCRAFT.
Aircraft will have an unequaled op
portunity to prove their value to an
army in the expedition against Villa.
His cunning will naturally prompt him '
to take refuge in the mountains, which
are an open book to him, and to at
tempt an. ambush of General Pershr
ing's troops. Without aircraft to spy
on him he might have a good prospect
of success, or at least of leading hi3
pursuers on an endless chase with
danger that they would be lost in the
tangle of dry canyons.
With the aid of aircraft, however.
General Pershing can keep informed
of his quarry's movements. Recon
noissance can be pushed far ahead of
the advancing troops and can direct
them on the straight trail. Difficulty
would be encountered if Villa's band
were to hide in some place undiscover
able from above or were to scatter into
small parties. Villa is believed not
to have anti-aircraft guns, hence the
airmen can safely descend to low alti
tudes just out of rifle range and iden
tify the robbers.
The Mexican expedition proves the
folly of Congress in neglecting to de
velop this new arm of military serv
ice. Ere now we should have had a
much larger air corps, well trained for
reconnoitering and for battle. The Eu
ropean war has proved aircraft to be
of vital importance. To them is large
ly due the failure of the allies to out
flank Von Kluck in France, and to
lack of them are partly due the dis
asters which befell the Russians in
East Prussia and Galicia. In fact they
have rendered the outflanking of a
modern army well-nigh impossible,
and they have robbed mountain war
fare, such as the .chase of Villa, of
its worst dangers to the pursuers.
LODGE SOUNDS THE KEYNOTE.
True Americanism is the keynote of
the speech which Senator Lodge de
livered at Lynn, Mass. He is in the
best position to criticise the Adminis
tration, for on every occasion when
patriotic duty called upon him to for
get party and to support a President
of opposite political faith, he answered
the call. Without hesitation he has
given his vote to the President when
ever the latter has moved in the right
direction and in the right manner to the
defense of American rights. He there
fore may justly criticise Mr. Wilson for
often hanging back, turning back, hes
itating and using words where the oc
casion demanded deeds.
Mr. Lodge's review of Mr. Wilson's
Mexican policy, of his handling of the
submarine controversy and of his
change of front on preparedness re
veals unerringly the weak point in the
President's policy. He has kept the
peace by "failure to protect Americans
in their rights everywhere, by land
and sea." He has kept the peace by
submitting to "any wrong, to any out
rage, to any oppression." He has kept
it by the sacrifice of honor and at the
cost of humiliation.
The President has kept the peace,
but he has not kept the faith of the
men who fought in the Revolution and
the Civil War, for the peace he has
kept has been "clouded and darkened
by humiliation and surrender." Truer
words were never said than that the
life of a nation depends not on the
preservation of our Individual lives but
on the preservation of its ideals, and
that the nation which abandons these
is dead, "even if its citizens live on in
a country whence honor, hope and as.
piration have fled."
The task set before the Republican
party is to bring home to the people
the truth of Mr. Lodge's words and to
make the principles- which he sets
forth the guide to its policy. Then the
spirit which moved the men of Con
cord, Yorktown and Gettysburg will
inspire the people to place men in
charge of the Nation's affairs who,
while striving to preserve peace, will
place honor first.
RESEARCH IX INFANTILE PARALYSIS.
Recent reports of advancement
made by an American international
sanitary commission in combating
hookworm brought attention to a
valuable activity theretofore all
but unobserved. Now we are told
of important experiments effected
during the past two years with
that virulent and hitherto mysterious
pathologic entity, infantile paralysis.
The Journal of the American Medical
Association reprints a -report of ex
tensive experimentation and investiga
tion conducted under the direction of
the Vermont State Board of Health,
funds for this work having been pro
vided by an unnamed donor. The in
quiry was set in motion by no less a
person than Dr. Simon Flexner in the
Fall of 1914, and since that time has
been participated in by many eminent
scientific men.
Three hundred cases were observed
during the epidemic in Vermont in
1914, but the whole work, lately sur
veyed, embodied a total of 13.000 ob
servations divided into 4 00 series. Per
haps the most important discovery was
that the disease has the effect of weak
ening the muscles rather than com
pletely suspending their usefulness.
A weakened muscle will respond to
systematic development, which is
true in a much smaller degree
where paralysis has ensued. Hence
later experimentation has had to
do with ' perfecting a systematic
method of reviving muscles following
inroads by the disease. The danger of
overexercise or of improper exercise
need hardly be pointed out in the
treatment of impaired muscles.
A long series of tests emphasize the
necessity of care and system in the
work of reconstruction. In cases where
expert supervision and regulation of
the exercises were permitted the
chances of improvement were found to
be six to one. In cases of systematic
home exercise the chances were re
duced by nearly 50 per cent, while ex
ercises given to subjects with no thor
oughly organized and regulated system
reduced the chances of improvement
to two and eight-tenths to one. Thes
are results that should be borhe in
mind by parents when considering the
claims of masseurs and shallow inves.
ttgators to special ability in cbrrectint
the ravages of infantile paralysis.
Why little Portugal should have en
tered the great European war is not
revealed by a recital of commonly un
derstood conditions. The country's
army is inconsequential and it has no
navy. But some very good reasons
are. given, by the New .York Evening
Post. Portugal has seriou3 internal
dissensions which are likely to disap
pear in. a crisis with a. common enemy.
It has probably decided to participate
upon Britain's request. The country
owns the island of Madeira and the
Cape Verde islands on the trade routes
to South Africa. These Islands can now
be used as operating centers for Brit
ish cruisers and will be useful in pre
venting further humiliation of British
sea power such as the Appam and
Moewe coups. Portugal's participation
also revives rumors of a pending ac
quirement by Great Britain of Portu
gal's South African possessions. That
acquisition would surround German
East Africa with British and Belgian
possessions and facilitate conquest. It
thus appears that there may be large
significance in what appear to be com
paratively trivial incidents.
A newspaper which continues to be
obsessed with Pinchotism is the
Springfield Republican. Commenting
on the Shields water-power bill, that
paper seems to regret that regulation
of intrastate rates is left to state com
missions, because "in many states,
doubtless, the public utility commis
sions will be virtually controlled by
the power companies through political
influence." The truth is that public
regulation is moet efficient in the
water-power states and Is frankly ac
cepted by the water-power companies.
That remark is. therefore, an unwar
ranted reflection on both the states
and the power interests. The Repub
lican also cherishes the oft-exposed de
lusion that there is a water-power
trust. It also regrets that the Govern
ment is not to derive a substantial rev
enue' from rentals, ignoring the fact
that the Government has no authority
over or property in the streams except
to safeguard navigation. That is the
tenor of a long and unbroken line of
judicial decisions. All other jurisdic
tion over water inheres in the states, to
which belongs any revenue derived
from water rentals.
In a recent speech defending the
British blockade. Sir Edward Grey
suggested that neutrals assist the al
lies to distinguish "bona fide neutral
trade" and "thereby minimize the in
convenience." In other words, neu
trals should help the allies to distin
guish German and Austrian cargoes
for seizure, which would be a most un
neutral act. It would not differ in
principle from the marking of Amer
ican ships in order to secure for them
immunity from submarine attack. Sub
marines would thereby be ass'sted to
the conclusion that they might safely
attack unmarked ships. It i3 the duty
of belligerents to discover contraband
for themselves, not to impose on neu
trals unusual rules for their assistance.
News is leaking at last of active op
position to recruiting in Ireland, and
this is a good day to consider it. With
Great Britain triumphant, what can
the island expect by adhering to such
a course? With Germany winning,
what can Ireland expect but the vas
salage of a conquered province? The
good man of peace whose birthday
we observe today would counsel hon
esty of purpose. Integrity and faith,
with hope in what is to follow.
The charge of perjury against
Thomas Mott Osborne was so obvious
ly cooked up for political purposes that
the verdict of acquittal will bo ap
proved by all except the accusers and
their kind. For all they cared, Mr.
Osborne might have reveled in perjury
so long as he played their game. But
he was spoiling their game of playing
politics with the New York prisons,
which is a far worse sin in their eyes
than perjury.
However, wisdom would dictate that
no ammunition be sold to Carranza
until the situation develops more fully.
Had not spineless diplomacy placed
munitions in Villa's hands many Amer
icans now under the sod would be en
joying the best of health.
Snow heavy enough to interfere with
traffic of the big railroads in the
North Atlantic States is a common
March occurrence. Spring opens with
a rush right away, revealing all the
glories that make poets rave.
The correspondents might just as
well get used to the censorship. It is
an inevitable part of the modern mili
tary game. But we suspect that Amer
ican correspondents will get the news
just the same.
A Valley man who has got away
with two quarts of cider daily since
Fall has been taken to the asylum.
This cider, however, was "hard," which
accounts for it.
The Mexican editor who pictured
President Wilson in flight before the
Villa Invasion slightly exaggerated the
possibilities of spineless diplomacy.
There being no more Poles to con
quer. Admiral Peary has taken to
climbing mountains, but It must be un
interesting sport.
The entire American expedition into
Mexico would not comprise an ad
vance guard in a third-rate operation
over in Europe.
Funston is too good a campaigner
to let a flabby department know what
he is about to do. He merely gives
them results.
These iconoclasts who would destroy
the Bridge of the Gods tradition will
be eliminating the webs, before they
are done.
If dyes now used "run" they are not
of foreign make, for there's nothing
on the run about the dye-making coun
tries.
Will R. King has a way of puttii
thft local ltripral hrie-Jlrl anrl rev- a -
horses on the bum that is exasperat
ing.
A Dutch passenger liner has been
torpedoed "without warning, but what
can little Holland do about It?
Think of it! Two parades in New
York and out here we have not the
comfort of even one!
Conditions are now ripe for another
coup on the unprotected border.
A woman should not be called a
bootlegger. She cannot do It.
Nothing but rollicking airs today and
Bongs with a lilt to them.
Much help any European nation can
just now give Villa!
The Canal will be opened in time
for Summer travel.
Fine weather for mobilization on a
big scale.""
How to Keep Well
By Dr. W. A. ICvana.
Questions nrtlnnt to hvcrlene. sanitation
and prevention of disease, if matters of gen
eral interest, will be answered in this col
umn, wnere space will not permit or u
subject is not suitable, letter will be per
sonally answered, subject to proper limita
tions and where stamped, addressed en
velope Is Inclosed. Dr. Evans will not mane
diagnosis or prescribe for Individual dis
eases. Reauesta'for such service cannot be
answered.
(Copyright, J0I. by Dr. 'W. A. Evans.
Published by arrangement with Chicago
'l riDune.J
Baky Care.
AT what age should a baby first be
given water to drink? He should
be given water during the first day of
life and each day thereafter.
Why does a baby especially need water
during the first few days of life? To
lessen the loss of weight which always
occurs during the first week of life. A
newly born baby dries out. lie does not
get much milk from his mother. J? or
these reasons he needs water.
Why does an older baby need water"
To prevent constipation and to furnish
plenty of water for sweat and urine.
How shall water be given? Boil the
water and then cool it. To prepare for
use heat to about the same temperature
as that at which milk is given. Give
water out of a. bottle provided with
nipple. Keep the bottle and. nipples
very clean.
' How often should baby be bathed?
Once a day.
What should be the temperature of
the baby's bath? One hundred degrees
during the first two months; after that.
96 degrees.
When should the first bath be given?
As soon as the cord has come awav.
In giving the bath should the face.
and especially the eyes be washed be
fore the water is used on the body?
Yes.
What should be the temperature of
the room when baby's bath is being
given? Seventy-five to 80.
What should be the temperature of
the baby's room at other times during
the day? Sixty-eight.
What should be the temperature dur
ing the night? When the baby is under
3 months of age, 65; 3 months to 1 year.
Go; after the first year, 45 to 50.
At what age should a baby begin his
daily trip out of doors? In Summer,
one week; in Spring and Fall, one
month; in Winter, three months.
How should the habit of giving the
baby air be inaugurated in Winter?
During the first month the baby should
be removed from the room before it is
aired; at one month the baby is
wrapped as for going out and then the
room is aired by opening' the windows
for 15 minutes.
This period of airing- is to be in
creased in length. At three months the
baby can bo carried out of doors, well
wrapped, on pleasant days. At eight
months the child can go out every day
except in exceedingly bad weather.
How much sleep should a baby have?
Healthy young babies sleep practically
all the time; at 6 months of age, two
thirds of the time. A baby over 3
months old and under 15 months old
should have a. nap in the forenoon and
one in the afternoon. A child between
15 months and 4 years of age should
have one nap during the day.
Ne Need to Worry.
Regular Reader, of St. Louis, writes:
Will you kindly tell about loose or
falling kidney? The symptoms? How
best to care for oneself with such ail
ment? AVould one be forbidden to take
a trip to California under such circum
stances? Is it necessary to abstain
from beer and wine where one is very
moderate and only uses such occasion
ally? REPLY.
Two terms are in use in relation to mov
able kidney. One, movable kidney, covers
those cases iwhere the kidney slips up end
down without coming forward much. Float
ing kidney is applied to those cases where
the kidney comes freely forward into the
abdomen as well as slides up - and down.
People with floating: kidney do about as
thev nlease. There is no reason why you
should not ko to California end drink beer
or wine. you couid even go to Alabama
and Georgia and drink beer provided you
carried it with you. Speaking seriously,
movable kidney is of little consequence.
Had you not been told that you had a loose
kidney you probably would not have known
you had any trouble.
Under Normal Weight.
H. E. writes: "I am 30 years old, 5
feet 36 inches tall, weigh about 112
pounds and am in good health.
"1. What should my weight be to
correspond with my size? I would like
to be 12 on 15 pounds heavier.
"2. What shall I do to increase my
weight?"
REPLY.
I. 181 pounds.
2. Eat more, worry less, sleep more. Add
a bowl of milk and bread, crackers or rice
to your dally menu, or make it two.
Roasted Rye as Drink.
C. C. writes: "1. Kindly tell me if
there. Is any food value in roasted rye.
When preparing the beverage we use
third of coffee. 2. Is it more healthy
to use tnan an corree.'
REPLY.
1. Roasted Tye has considerable food
value. A beverage made from roasted rye
nas uttie.
2. Yes, unless you drink three enps where
Deiore you nrans. out one.
Should See Physician.
J. S. N. writes: "Will you kindly ad
vise In the 'How to Keep Well' column
the cause of stoppage of circulation and
soreness in joints of the fingers? I
have been so troubled in three fingers
of one hand the last few weeks. 1 am
66 years old." -REPLY.
I do not know what you meen by stop
pages of circulation. I Judge the soreness
In the Joints of your fingers is due to
rheumatoid arthritis. You should see your
Physician. He mav find your teeth and
gums need attention, or the seat of your
trouble may be in your bowels, or your gau
bladder. Your physician will mam a tnor
ough search for the origin of your trouble.
Liability of Club .Member.
YAMHILL, Or.. March 15. (To the
Editor.) To settle an argument, will
you please answer the following ques
tions? With the following clause in a
contract would the members be liable
for contributions of $100 each month or
only $50?
To BUDDort and maintain this club each
and every member agrees to contribute his
equal portion to a fund of $30 each month,
which shall be at the disposal of the man
ager to be used tor tne maintenance-ot an
office, livery hire, advertising, stationery.
ate.
The mnnazer shall receive his compensa
tlon for all work performed by him from
the contributions and the commissions from
h Kale of real estate, said compensation
to be paid as follows: jriu per month after
all expenses nave neen puia in iun.
By answering the above you will
greatly oblige the members or our or
ganization. E. F. M.
Without the entire contract to judge
from the question is difficult to answer.
but. as the question is worded, the
members apparently would be liable for
only $50 a month.
Roat Service to The Halle.
FOREST GROVE, Or., March 15. (To
the Editor.) Please publish names or
boats running from Portland to The
Dalles. On what days do they run and
what are the addresses or tneir of
ficers? SUBSCRIBER.
There is a daily steamer service be
tween Portland and Tne Dalles, vessels
being operated by The Dalles. Portland
& Astoria Navigation Company, Alder
slreet dock, and t'.io People's Naviga
tion Company, Oak-street dock. Boats
at present operating are the Dalles
City, Stranger and Tahorua, .
ClXTl'RE AND I.OVE OF MCSIC
Interest In Symphony Orchestra
Speaks Well for Portland.
PORTLAND, March 16.r (To the Edi
tor.) The fifth season of the Port
land Symphony Orchestra has closed
and we wish to show our appreciation
to those who have assisted in over
coming: the many difficulties of pioneer
ing. The interest shown in its progres
sion is an evidence that the orchestra
is considered of most vital influence
to the community. In fact the entire
Nation is trying to solve the problem
of making music as accessible to the
masses as books are, and for the same
reason it is as worth while to know
and enjoy music as literature, history
or science. Music is a department of
knowledge which enlarges the mind,
widens the horizon and perfects the
character.
Charles Darwin said "If I had my life
to live again, I would have made a
rule to listen often to good music"
Jiut aside from that, the presence of
a permanent symphony, orchestra shows
we are enterprising, ambitious and
energetic and bespeaks at once a peo
ple of culture. The orchestra is but a
cog in the wheel which revolves for
the material and artistic upbuilding of
Portland.
We know and desire that the public
shall understand that many forces
have supplemented the efforts of the
musicians. The unselfish publicity and
painstaking and intelligent criticisms
of the press have been our strongest
allies. Broadminded and public spirited
citizens have contributed liberally of
their time and means, educational
leaders have given their support; busi
ness clubs and musical organizations
have co-operated with us.
All forces which are striving to make
this a better place in which to live
have been ever ready to join and as
sist and whatever success has been
achieved has been due to these united
efforts.
PORTLAND SYMPHONY ORCHESTRA.
Mrs. B. E. Tait, business manager.
INCIDENT
READILY
FORESEEN
American Troops Should Have Been
Ready for Mexican Troubles.
VANCOUVER. March 16. (To the
Editor.) All Americans will watch the
progress of our Mexican expeditionary
force with intense interest.
It is difficult to understand why so
much time was required in organizing
a pursuing column. Conditions have
been such on our southern border for
some years past that our military
forces Ehould have been in continual
preparation for exactly such occurrence
as that at Columbus, and should have
been ready to follow the invaders in a
few hours after their retreat.
As it is, if not delayed at the Pana
ma Canal, Villa will have ample time
to reach the Straits of Magellen be
fore our expeditionary force gets into
motion.
At this time one Is anxious to learn
what manner 'of man we have at the
head of our War Department. Is he
thoroughly competent in military af
fairs, or is he a jerkwaterpolitician?
Ours is at present anxious "watchful
waiting." hoping and praying that the
humiliating- and ridiculous demonstra
tion of 1898 bo not repaated.
Let us hope this time that our fight
ing men be not armed with Spring
fields, fed on embalmed beef and shod
in hen skin shoes.
AN OLD SOLDIER.
Date Cannot Be Right.
PORTLAND, March 16. (To the Edi
tor.) I note that an article in The
Oregonian says that John Dowd, aged
104 years, came to Oregon "in 1S40 as
a regular soldier and was stationed at
Vancouver." Kindly permit me to say
that there is an error in this state
ment because it is a matter of record
that the first "regular soldiers" did
not come to Oregon by sea or across
the plains until 184a.
For proof you are cited to executive
documents printed by order of the
Senate of the United States, being the
second session of the 31st Congress, be
ginning December 2, 1S50, and printed
in 1851. This being so, he could not
have been present at the Chainpoeg
meeting on May 2, 1843, as stated by
an evening paper. This publication may
be seen at the rooms of the Oregon
Historical Society, as it contains a
detailed account of the trip of the
"Mounted Rifles" across the plains the
first regular military force to cross
the plains to Oregon. A company of
artillery under Major Hathaway arrived
at Fort Vancouver in May, 1849.
GEORGE H. 111ME5.
Merchant Marine Compared.
PORTLAND. March 16. (To the Ed
itor.) (1) Please inform of what kind
of ships a merchant marine consists.
(2) How is a merchant marine ng
ured, by tonnage or by the number ot
ships a nation has?
(3) Which has the biggest merchant
marine, Greece, or Norway, Sweden
excluded, according to population?
A SUBSCRIBER.
(1) The merchant marine consists of
ships engaged in trade as distinguished
from warships or yachts.
(2) Comparative statements are
usually figured on gross tonnage of
steam vessels and net tonnage of sail
ing vessels.
(3) Norway 2,474,165 tonnage in 1915;
Greece, 976,335. The population of Nor
way Is about one-half that of Greece.
Descent of Property.
PORTLAND, March 16. (To the Edi
tor.) (1) If a wife dies and the home
is in her -name, what right has the
husband to the property if there Is a
child; and what right if there is no
child? (2) If in case the child died
after the mother's death, to whom
would the property go? (3) If a
man owns property and his wife dies
can he not sell his property with
out the consent of hi3 own children?
(4) Can a wife sell her own property
in Oregon without the signature of her
husband? A READER.
(1) A life interest in the income
from one-half the property. If there
are children; all of it if there are none.
(2) The father, if there are no surviv
ing brothers or sisters. (3) Yes.
(4) No.
When Under-Asje Voters May lies inter.
PORTLAND, March 16. (To the Edi
tor.) (1) Please inform me if a per
son can register who will become of
age before election time. (2) Also
when and where civil service exami
nations are held and if copies of ques
tions asked may be obtained for study.
II. M. B.
(1) He may register In the period
of 30 days next preceding the closing
of registration books for the election
at which he will be qualified to vote.
(2) Inquire of Civil Service Board,
City Hall.
"Stamp Flirtation."
TALENT. Or., March 15. (To the
Editor.) Is there such a thing as a
"stamp flirtation" code and will you
tell me what it is or how I can get it?
SUBSCRIBER.
Somebody with a weak mind may
have devised such a code but we do
not know where it may be obtained.
Counting: the Crib.
PORTLAND, March 16. (To the Edi
tor.) In cribbage there are placed in
the crib two aces, a six and seven, and
a seven is turned tip. What is tne
count? DOUBTFUL.
The two aces, the six and each seven
combine to count 15-4; pair of aces and
pair ci sevens 4; total, 8, r
In Other Days
Twenty-five Years Afro.
From The Oregonian. March 17, 1S91.
London, March 16. The steamer
Roxburgh Castle has been sunk oft
Ushant in a collision with the British
shin Peer, 120 miles southwest of tha
Scilly Islands. Of the 24 men aboard
the Roxburgh Castle 20 were drowned.
Trofessor Sousa wants to bring his
marine band to the Portland Exposi
tion, but the Navy Department has re
fused on the grounds that it would
provoke serious opposition.
Work on the new ball groounds at
the Oaks win be started soon.
Paris Starch IS. The Monte Carlo
dire-tors are alarmed at recent heavy
losses. Yesterday the gamblers won
20.000 francs. The past week has
been one of the most disastrous ever
for the "banK."
The Queen of Rouniania has written
a melodrama which should have been
produced at Vienna, but which wasn't
for fear it would cause a riot.
It was indeed a most "rare conjunc
tion" of delightful opportunities which
last night brought a crowded house
typically representative of the culture,
refined literary taste and critical acu
men ... to witness Shakespeare's
"Twelfth Night," in which Miss Marie
Wainwright starred.
The Federated Trades will meet to
night to arrange a reception for Sam
uel Gompers.
Half Century Ago.
From The Oregonian March 17. 1S66.
The second of the President's weak
nesses the iirst shall be nrmeless is
his propensity to make s)ecchcs to
"delegations."
Up to February. 1S66, there had been
1633 National bunks organized, aggre
gating capital of $410,000,000. Th
circulation was $268,000,000. For se
curity of this the banks had deposited
$316,000,000 in National bonds.
Controller Clarke has issued a sharp
letter, to all departments and subordi
nates, asserting that the Treasury
statements have been showing gross
clerical error or negligence and has
demanded a change for the better. The
letter has created a sensation at tna
capital.
McCloud. the New York capitalist,
has leported that his strong box in his
office has been robbed of $1,500,000 in
bonds and cash.
Dr. L. Hicklin has returned to the
city and is at his office again.
We notice that Postmaster Randall
Is preparing a neat and. convenient
place in Holmes' block, on First street,
for a postoffice, which he will soon
move into that locality. It adjoins his
music store.
At the recent election in Jacksonville)
J. R. Wade, Augustus Taylor, J. Miller.
M. Brentano and L. T. Davis were elect
ed Trustees; U. S. Haj den. Recorder;
G. M. Banks, Marshal; William Kreu
ger. Treasurer, and G. E. Ross, Street
Commissioner.
Trees and Fences.
OREGON CITY, Or.. March 15. (To)
the Editor.) (1) The recent storms
blew down numerous trees of various
sixes from the land of A onto B's land
and across a partition fence owned and
built by B. Is A in any way liable
for the repairs of the fence or for the
damage done to the fence or crop ofB."
(2) Does the timber when down be
long to A or B?
(3) If the timber belonars to A is it
compulsory or only optional whether or
not he removes that part on B's land?
(4) C and D each built half of a par
tition fence between thein. C sold to
E bis land adjoining tha fence built
by D. AV'hat interest has E in the fenco
between himself and D." C. B.
If the trees were known to be in
such condition that their fall could
have been foreseen, yes; otherwise, no.
(2) To A.
(3) Ho could probably be compelled
to remove it.
(4) If the entire fence was originally
constructed in compliance with tha
partition fence law, E could not be held
by D for contribution to the cost.
Identification of A'otera.
GRESHAM. Or.. March 15. (To the
Editor.) A foreigner took out his first
papers about nine years ago to becomo
an American citizen. The document was
stamped "Not good after seven years."
No second papers weie taken out.
This man has lived continuously in
the same stato (Oregon) and precinct.
(1) Is he now entitled to vote or will it
be necessary to take out first papers
asaln and wait five years to take the
second papers before being enfran
chised? (2) Is his wife (who is an American
born citixen and voted two years ago)
disqualified from voting if the hus
band is? READER.
(1) He is not entitled to vote and
the papers mentioned havo expired. The
law provides that five years' residence
must be establishe-d. and so long as
that has preceded taking out first pa
pers, the final papers entitling the ap
plicant to citizenship may be obtained
in two years.
(2) Yes. A wife's citizenship follows
that of the husband.
Parents' Control Over Boys.
PORTLAND. March 16. (To the Ed
itor.) tl) I am a naturalized American
citizen since 1881, of Canadian birth.
Have two sons, IS and 20, one born in
Canada and the ether in the United
States. Both beys having been raised
in Canaia and educated there, look
upon tho same as "their country." Both
contemplate enlisting in the English
army. Can they do so if I object?
(2) What steps would be necessary
to prevent the enlistment?
SUBSCRIBER.
(1) Parents in this country or Can
ada have authority over a minor son
unless they have emancipated him by
permitting him to shift for himself.
(2) Protest to the Adjutant-General
or recruiting office.
Yea.
PORTLAND, March 16. (To the Edi
tor.) Vs it customary in playinqr "500"
to car. for your partner with the ace
or a.iy card one wishes to rail? B.
Looking at Prosperity
prosperity's face is reflected In
the mirror of our advertising col
umn. This advertising reflects the busi
ness interests of this community
and more and more are coming to
reflect National activity.
They tell you at a glance just
who is actively seeking business and
what the reasons are for expecting
to get it.
They are the meeting place of
buyer and seller.
The interest they have to the
reader is of an intensely practical
nature. They not only give readers
information, but information of a
helpful character, which directly
bcars on their mode of living and
frequently means a saving of time
and money.
See what the minor reflects to
day you will find something there
that will interest you.
1