the Monxren oREnoxiAy. Tuesday, rEBiiuAirr 1, ioig.
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MK.M TM tWI.
The Attorney. Genaral ef the United
flttH. holiir til Msn effWa throush
f"p cf l.te Pr-aldenl. I bayond the
i.ach either of the icmmirr re--atl or
trie historic pr'Ki of lmptimnil.
It i roc r. inrrfof. to
neon of ch4Vt!mtl cf rrr'l
: irr fc lnokJ In f pri crLi.
. ht h h ntur4 t- uift
' count fnr et:mml ef th lraubl-
om fro an4 rltfortU Und
grnt prnbVrn wh.l'T In cor.trnt!oo
ef tft dm4Ht of th If-te.cd fl
r in lrn ho ha found m otl
ti"i ni r drtrrminr.J l- mk tf
fiivvrnmrnl. ih t-i. ri:ro4d
cmpnr n4 lh prl '-pt It.
or prh4p It n.i uri I" T
it f -ur,. olutlon. Thr ir
. fin.f mnl'ttmn for thoufh
ir hr b-rt r'Tll)Hit rmi5ic
; d jrtn rri minr )r f"f rr
'known r"0"- :t- Th P-tlrrt ,",
eni po rurnl. b it h U tUnf ro
rf on.
Attort!r-nrr: C.fsrr mk th
u-t'i tniil n ffort at
frrrl ltri th rUrt44 rompanv.
e t.r of th UnJ srr.t. b made. Tha
I bojim of r.r-'ition. h IMcikn. I tf
r-r.a ab" t: J pr a. r th la
f il mitlmuml th comparr ha re-
curij f'"" atral Thl
hn trrtn. f ir It o nvalini by
alt d.!lnt ra.lrr of Tha Crontn
that tria am apprai.al of a prpltnc
:tutlon b txwn rrp'atrd'.r mla In
llr.a rrlumu and that the public a-
. thrt't Kaa hrn tttt"i ! ach. If
Mr. aa a.lJ'Mtmrni with tho nr
f ih (rant.
lilt lha atoun-iirn roun! Pn
g!rn ty l"ora the onrr ra. tha
d'tnanj b bn t fcP that tha
owtirr b rl abut hta bu.lt.
la rnlitl'.f ! $;.J pr 'rc. and fi
B"r. It hint ba pai'l tht. and tolJ
le ex W tha rrr of tha fU-r.
Hit tha rattroaH rompanr 'tl !"
.' ba orI.v4,k..l. It La coun of folty
an, r'ktaaan t ura It. It la tha
tMii tha Tut.ra. and tha I-ffrt.
and tha h.la maddtir ar. Includ
tn aT tha potiti-tna and rapapar ho
profraa ti d-tct thm. ant mora
than ariora La.
Tha awkward fa-t. whl. h rannot ba
Isnorni. tnl out that tha ..JOthm
fa.tfl.- Hrif a 4 California! owr
ta land TBt. d tha Kutr foort
h irratr rilcl that It mar taka
1' own lma la artlir. Attomr)-O-nrral
trrc"rr aMrlTr rtan to
. d.al with a !tujton aa It la. and t
a. lha attat'fa and drfnaoija and
. fum want it to ba. and prrtand II l.
Rk-CK.IOX TO CorT.
rr. Tft' Mr rt-dar bill ia a
fur tumpl of tha d;ff!cuttla n
cnuntrra.J In attcmptlnc tn maka tn
raiiir outrrowa Idaaa on rt!lott ob.
er nr of rimdajr ront 'rm to modaru
r.rdtfion. of Ufa. In p!.a of tha bitl"
praamMa ront-arnln tha baalch. hap
p:raa and aafrtr of th Pobltr. tha
rrli4ru'j lnrifti" tr th maaaura
k bardlr to b fnljiUkrn. TonUnuou
mp!omanl In Cron l tha axe a p.
tlon. rthr than tha n!a. -Thar la
ttt tnout of t f Ji'lfr alarm a to
'Via jtnarI wa!fara of tha paopta.
It tniht. It W tr-ia. ba praaumad
that tha bill wa.a Intrndid to ratrh
parttiuUr rloaa. aar Doo-nnion-!d
trtrar mn who of their own
niltioo srnarallr work aaan daja a
ak. but tha aafrr "iniptln la that
tha main InCant of tha bill l to rn
f rva upon aa Urf proportion of
tha paopla aa paibt aa thrlr dur ot
-t tha parti-utar dar Mh Ir.
Tufta" rrtntton aj ahall b th ora
pbaartad.
It win b notad br tha raraful read
er of tha bill that th author ppar
entry Ca op In dapatr tha enumera-
.tion of all rmplomnn and ondl
ti.ma whli-h ahould brln exemption
. ffiin tha penalttra of tha art. Certain
work of nn-'Mttr ara liatad wherein
tha rmpot muni b "allowed lfn-t-fiur
burn' rortmuoua reat wuhm
ea.-h ronwutltt aeven da. Put H
la rerontied that thera ra n ry
work olhT than thoaa cnamerated In
tha bill
Tha only relief offered anr wrork of
nerraaitjr la a d.fenna In court. The
farmer, under tha bttfa provUiora.
. m-.r not ordinarily employ men at
tiitmc on SunJir. but ha may eavap
fine or Imprtaonment If ha employ men
at hjlr on Sunday wbea the aafety
' of tha crop la threatened b atorm. Still
thera la notnln In tha bill to prevent
an oTeneaiooa peaca ofTU'er taking
him Into custody. Th dear farmer,
under tha baneflcenca of tha bill, may
' r't aaaurad that If ha ran proTa that
hia crop waa realty la dnirr the
Iruurtt i:i reteaa htm. Hut doea tha
farmer cara to uffr tha pane cf ar
reat and tha annoyance of trial,
vrn thouch ba knows ba wl'.l ba ac
quitted In tha and?
Tha aame condition would confront
tha flan ranner or fruit canner. If tha
pertahabla raw product that reached
; 1V plant wera not diapoaed of by mid.
.'rUa-ht Satorday. la tha aama diM U
; put tha Jaw and tha Adventlet. Either.
If arrested for tteepin hi ptaca of
' buainega opaa on flunday. may aacura
a.-iult:-l by proving thjt ha obeervea
, .ma day other than Sunday aa hU
dav of worship and that he actually
'kr.pa h'.a pUra of buaineaa cloaed on
' hu retia-toua day of rat. Thua doaa
tha bill only partulty recoenue tha
frt that thera la mra than on rail
gtoua craad. Tha Jaw and tha Ad
I vr. cat may eacapa fin or Im prUon
i tnant. but thera La so mear.a at their
diapoaaj ahort of trial to eecur tham-
aelvea a-rtlnat moleatatloa by offlcar
vt tha law who are not acquainted
wtth their r-M'ou convirt'nn.
Aa a maltrr of f--t all tha ennp
tiona fruni r'ld enf 'r rmnt of Sun
eJy cJjlr. e.pl amuarrocnla.
aic& aa not mentioned ar put
Trpoo that baata. bat aaversi of tha
aaslormaata aaoraj tr.ame.-a.aJ
aa within tha defenaa plea of worka of
r.e.-ewi'y ei.t aa a matler ol common
knowledge. rStreef railway tranaporta
tlon la one. An officer of the law when
..a a atreetcar runnlnc on Sunday
knuwa that It la a atreetcar. Hut If he
otb a atore open on Sunday bow can
ha know whether tha proprietor la
J-vr or ;nli!e. Adventiat or freaby
terianr If ba obeervea a flan cannery
In operation on Sunday how can ha
poibty know whether tha operation
la neceeaary to eat a tock on band or
whether tha man mplo)ed have been
given twenty-four hour' real on an
other day of the week, aa required by
tha bill
Aa a matter of fact, cuetona baa
pretty well resuUted the weekly reat
day problem In Oregon. There are
very few perron who are compelled
to work contlnaoualy on pain of loa
ing their t. NO law 1 needed. Uut
if we mul have a law on the aubjecu
it ought to be (one that can be en
forced without caualng needle ar
reet. uavleaa proeecutloc. and unnec
eeaury court coata-
itHtrrn. ot -.rcoro.
The Oregor.lan appear to have failed
(ft finvlnrlne It valued Contemporary.
the Corvatit Uajotte-Tlmea, that the
fn i.i fi:ate Narr W not yet aoie to
lick all creation. The trtegy board
of the Corvalll authority on klTalr
.im. n. la 1st It run, and pro
ceed to cite varioua perferrld eulo
gtea of tha prowea of American hlp
and American eamen. It la Indeed a
glorlou record, and w woul I oe in
iaat to ay that all the H!u-.trlou Ad
mlrata. from John Paul Jonea down
to George Ivwey, fcv not d served
their fame.
Trt II la well to know the facta and
not to rly too much on the common
American Itluaton that aomchow w
wilt without ample preparednea meet
any emergency. I-et ua quote the
t. t . i t ih t'nlteil Slatea In a
vpeech at Cleveland. Januarj"
Aa4 ta NaT f Valfcta- Slalea: T
k.i. a-ea lol-l that II i tha nd ta
ir.fiia in tha or:d I an narrT to ear
tk.l .p-r- aa rt with Ihoaa wha
l. i yt lal. Kkonln br actoal
m I : a It l ene af the ntnat
.fri-i.ni a.t.e la IM or;a ul irii;h
rka rotinn. t i-con d- Ta muet raltoo
iin l ta-t tiat t U "' that that
n ' b I m ana a.f.B-e. an4 y
al I IBnnt Ihal erj.thln ehouid be
done liat It le Mib:e f r a to to brt
ma i aa aalxiaaie aiaadanl ef
uniim aa4 rrciaey.
Tha "Treeident preeenl In hi own
clear-cut phra the thine The Ora
gontan a been alng abit the
Navy. It la no Jingo cUmnr. but It l
tho aerioua utterance of an Informed
lUtrimtn.
. !. S-fS AT TOl.
Tha project for a Naval bur for the
Pacific "oat at Astoria 1 not only
timely, hul It I patriotic. Tha almoat
utter hetpleanea of the atate of the
Wewt. In caao any threatened Invasion
frni a foreign power ahould material
lir. t t'i the mere expreaalon of an
alarmed or uninformed agitation. Il
I a deplorable fact.
Jot now the Tanama Canal
closed. It may b recalled by peraona
of good memory that an argument for
conatrurtion of the Canal waa that It
would doable the potential efficiency
of tha fnlted State Navy; for It might
quURiy O Qiapatcoea 1 1 "in iiv inr.u
to lha other. Tha famou trip of the
battlmhtp Oregon around the horn
waa dramatic and thrilling: but It took
lty odd daj. and It need never be
repeated.
It ha not been repeated, either way.
Inca the great Itooaevelt fleet of bat-tlr-ehlr
came itramint around South
America to the far I fir: for Juet now
thera I not a aingle drradnoua-ht on
the faclflc Ocean. Not one. What
rhar.ca for any qulrk-elghted enerny
to drive our ahipe from the aeaa. cap
ture all American lalan.la and bring
the rltir of the ahore l.ne to their
knee with offer of million to pre
vent rapture and deatructlon.
Atria la doing a good work In tak
ing the leadrrehtp In the demand for
a naval baee. It will be a good thing.
no doubt, for Atoria. but It U a need
ful enterprise for tha entire country.
it rkrrimo lorn the omt.
A the people of Oregon and Wash
ington contemplate the white land-
repe. the frozen water pipe and the
swollen fuel bill, they can find oinc
consolation In the new that Montana
has temperature Je to 60 degTee be
low iero and that In California killing
froele have been followed by destruct
ive floo-i which have, taken many
live". l"lod prevail throughout the
S.uthwe.t and atso threaten the Mid
dle Wrat and have caused affliction
cmprcd with which enjoy com
fort.
Southern California suffered more
sevrrety because, with the optimism
characteristic of a land which boast
ot It sunshine. It wa III prepared for
extreme. Confident in ll-s climate. It
pUnls seml-lropic fruit tree which
for two year In ucceaton wera trurk
by killing rrosta. Bridge, dams, cul
verts and ewer are built to carry off
a normal rainstorm, thouch the oldest
inhabitant could tell of sudden deluge
which would sweep them all away.
Common prudence dictate that these
structures be built to withstand the
worst flood ever known, for one must
provide for extreme, not for average.
When California rebuild. It will
probably lake the present flood as a
guide and will rebuild wide enough,
deep enough and strong enough to
withstand another uch a flood a
that which tore all before It In the
Otay Valley.
MiABILITtTIXO A IVTOCa, FARM.
The great Palo Alto tock farm. e
tabluhed by the late Leland Stanford
some forty year ago, and for year
known a the most famou horse
breeding farm of tht or perhap any
country. I to be re-eetabltshed. but
not a the breeding place of horse.
Pure-bred cattle will now become the
output of Palo Alto, and It I Mid the
new concern will endeavor to make the
place as fametu for Its strain of cattle
aa It formerly wa for It high-class
trotter.
Without In any eni disparaging
the work done by Governor Stanford,
for It I always a good omen to ere
wealthy men embark In any buslnca
that give emploment to many men
and that elevate any Industry'. It may
safely be aald that. If the new owner
and rnanacers carry out their project
with as lofly Idea aa Governor Stan
ford carried out hi at Palo Alto,
the present effort will count for more
In the great cause of humanity than
did the former.
Myron II. Tlrhener. a famous rattle
breeder of New York State, wl'l hare
chre of the new runt. Herbert
rT'kes ! ker. a rsplt !lst of Sun Kran-
us. e. wilt be tha principal ba ker. So
there will be brains and capital In
command of the new enterprise, and
rt oushl to become a pronounced suc
cess) Horn Ike TUT Crv ALa-cy o U.
beat cltlxeria of both California and
Oregon have In day gone by under
taken the breeding of the best strain
of livestock of one kind or another on
a large scale, but the custom srrmi
to have fallen Into desuetude of late
year. It Is therefor a good omen to
see Mr. Klelsrhacker and his associates
take this forward step.
TAivrr.ii TAUA
The New Tork Society for the Sup
pression of Vic ha withdrawn lis
main force for the time belnf from
the offensive operation on while
slavery, sale of narcotic and other
common evil to direct their energies
upon the poisoned literature which Is
bring put out wholesale to contaminate
the public mind. Sex problema ap
pear to have become greater prob
lem than ever under the widespread
discussion of these matter In the
magasine. And there I the suspicion
that the subject Is exploited less as a
matter of morals than as one of profit
for writer and publisher. Further
more. In the opinion of the society In
question, these Insidious works are
doing more actual damage than nar
cotics, for the reason that they art
so readily obtainable.
Every newsdealer I well stocked
with the type of masaxlne that bristles
with risque talcs. Nor must It be as
sumed that low-grade publications are
the sole offenders. We are able to
name at least two popular publications
that are given over wholly to depraved
literary tastes; and the so-called
higher-class publications reveal a
gTowlng consciousness of the value of
vivid fiction of questionable moral
tone. "These storle of o-ca!led high
Ufa, racy life, fast life, bohrmlan life,
may be terribly exciting to the young,
imaginative. Impresalonable girl whose
life I otherwise dull and unattractive,
say the oclety's latoet report. "The
edition of some of these vicious mag
azines are enormous. A certain news
dealer remarked more than a month
aso that, ho could not supply the de
mand for a certain magazine, such as
we are discussing, on tha part of young
girls."
Parents hve been warned for years
past of their duties as censors. But
here Is revealed a condition that Is
getting out of the reach of parents.
Girls buy these publication at the
new stand and feed upon their poi
soned viand. Surely a need has
arisen for a moro effective and broader
censorship than that provided by
watchful parents. This dangerous
viper In our literature should be tram
pled upon beforo It progeny multiply
and spread their vlru broadcast In
the rising generations. Cntll legal In
hibition are established It devolves
upon parents to rcdoublo their vigi
ls nee.
MIMCAL AHtRirAS.
ArtiMa or shall we call them
artiste? who romo liero from the
muxlc renters of Kuropo with their
long hair and critical temperaments,
have fairly reveled In telling tis how
tacking In any flnrr appreciation of
real art we are aa a people. We have
grown so used to their strictures' a to
accept them without very much ques
tion. Some of the heavy music they
have attempted to Inflict upon us we
have repulsed. A widespread prefer
ence for the light and gay must be
acknowledged. Hut. had we reflected.
It must have occurred to us that these
same rrlllrl Invariably reaped a
golden harvest by pandering to our
depraved taste and that their pro
gramme Invariably were made up of
the best compositions of recognized
European composers.
Therefore we need not healtate In
accepting what Leopold Slrokowskl.
conductor of the I'hlUdelphla Sym
phony Orchestra, ha to say concern
ing America and Americans In an In
terview published by the current
Craftsman. This young European,
after a protracted period wherein he
has had an opportunity to scrutinize
our musical soul, rome to the con
clusion that we are a musical people
who may be destined to high achieve
ment. He says at tho outset that our
love of good music Is general and that
we have a democracy In our tastes
which Is not enjoyed by Europeans.
French audiences, he has found, want
the beet work of their own composers
with an Intermingling of German clas
sics. Germanv and Austria naturally
are satisfied with their own masters
and manifest no enthusiasm for
French composers or for tho, great
artist of the modern ftusslan school.
Americans, however, place no rcstric.
tlon of a national character. They
want the best, regardless of the source.
Ot course the kindly Mr. Slrokowakl
does not conclude from this that we
have more highly cultivated tastes.
Despite hi encouraging comment on
tht phase of the subject one must see
that If we hail developed our miiclcal
accomplishments to a point where we
were composer rather than receivers
and Interpreters this mlrcht be alto
gether different. If America's spirit
had crystallized In a national music
and had fused areat national com
poser It must be assumed that our
enthusiasm for them would know no
bounds. Thev. then, would bo our
favorite, rather than composers of
other lands: and It Is because we have
no great composer of our own that
we must look to European composers,
accepting w hat Is best regardless of a
mere detail of nationality In which,
after all. we are not Interested to the
slightest degTee.
Uut with those great fields open to
us during formative days, who can
say that we shall not score riper and
richer achievement than Europe, once
we have developed to the creative
stage? Mr. Strokowskl Is not shocked
when he views our propensity for rag
time svnd flimsy airs. In fact, he takes
an amazing; view of this. There Is no
such thing as vulrrar music, he con
tends. It is a mistake to set music
down as vulg.tr because it Is lively
or vigorous. It may be lacking In
Inspiration or harmony or In perma
nent beauty, but It serves its purpose.
This Is true democracy'. Music written
for the selected few cannot rightfully
be considered the prescribed limits of
art. and all else that pleases the ears
of the common people be rejected as
vulgar or common, resides, the taste
for music Is certain to broaden. How
else nlay a widespread love of music
be developed?
However. Mr. Strokowskl assures us
that appreciation of the best music Is
a National trait already. The audi
ence he has seen accept the highest
standards and he has communicated
with the conductor of orchestras In
other large center In forming thl
opinion. Our discriminative sense Is
well developed 'and our Interpretative
sense Is developing. Conservatories at
II.Mton, New Tork and Baltimore, as
well as excellent schools In many
other large cities, are rapidly spread
ing the ability to play and play well.
A for the creative power that, of
course. I an uncertainly. Men may
ba Liutnirted la Its cluUsua ot com.
position so they will produce credit
able Mcorea. The same rule applies
to painting, sculpture and other fields
of art. But the lire of genius, that
indefinable power which belongs to
the masters, cannot be imparted ex
cept by the processes of nature. It Is
reasonable to believe that this Are will
be fanned into the white heat of genius
by the growing musical spirit of the
country. How else was genius born
In other lands? We may look for
Individuals anon, in whom the musical
spirit of the land has been crystallized
and who will express the American
soul in immortal harmonies and mel-
od
Mr. Strokowskl calls attention to
one great oversight in the foreign
world of music. That Is the failure to
recognize the talents of women.
"When I think of women as I see
them In the musical world." says he.
"what they ore capable of doing, their
fine spirit, excellent technique, I real
ize what a splendid power we are
citing go to waste In this country
and in other countries, too. What poor
economy It Is to take it for granted
that women are not ready to enter
the world of art and are not capable of
becoming fluent channels for the ex
pression of genius."
We fear that Mr. Strokowskl falls
to note the more liberal and appre
ciative attitude of Americans toward
its women artists. Women In concert
work have won the widest recognition
and appreciation, and their number
Is constantly Increasing. Perhaps we
have been somewhat backward in ap
plying the talents, enthusiasm and
devotion of women to the development
of symphony orchestras. If so we
should hasten to open all the doors to
this great force for beauty and prog
ress In srt and thus add a new mo
mentum to our advancement.
Our own Miss De Graft Is due home
from -her junket raid for by Henry
ford with the consoling assurance
that Mr. Ford succeeded in what he
set out to do. So the soldiers were
"out of the trenches by Christmas"?
But sho Is angrv oh, so angry with
the reporters. Hear her:
The publle his ben s-reatlv ml. Informed
b asrblfsl and twisted reports of ti do
mes on hoaril tha ship. Few serurate re
ports a ere made of the conferences and
It la no: surprlrlnc hen a srem many
new.pnuer correspondents were carousing
sll nIOt and T.ere not In a condition to
sea or hear seythinc rlht. It Is a mystery
to ma why editors sent men to cover such
a trip who. I do n"t believe, rould report
accurately the activities In their own home
tow n.
The nauchly reporterii must have
misquoted Mifs Pe Graff, who Is cred
ited with the following astonishing ad
venture: I assl.ted In esrtn for one woman of our
psrtv. who wss prohibited hv her physl
ei.n from tsklnr any fresh sir. This w s s
S'irprlslnr end unl.ellevable and we cheated
ami opened the porthole and she cot well.
Mr. V'-rd hsd no one to rare for him, as
his wife was not r llh him and there was
n one to make lilm refuse to obey th
doctor's orders.
It Iff surprising and unbelievable,
indeed: b':t not more surprising and
unbelievable that Miss De Graff, a
teacher of young children, should boant
of cheating a doctor by secretly no!
openly uidlng In disobedience of his
orders.
That there are more deaths of pio
neers of 1S32 Js due to the large im
migration of that year. Notable, among
them is Maria Sweek. whose remain
were Interred In. Blverview yesterday.
She came across the plains as a bride,
and the couple settled near what Is
now Tualatin, and on the donation
claim which they took up she lived
until death. She raised children who
are a credit to their blood and to the
state. Her life of 83 years was a use
ful one and she will not be forgotten
by the friends of three-score years.
Friends of the Colonel's say he is
willing to put aside personal ambition
In the Interest f party harmony. If
he had shown that loyal spirit four
years ago the country would be far bet.
ter off at this moment.
The Zeppelin raid on Paris la likely
to have Its reaction In the shape of a
furious French enslaught on the Ger
man trenches. Killing of women and
children Is short-sighted military
policy.
No wonder tne little town of Gate
way is disturbed. To bo on the list
of "habitual drunkards' is distress
ing, although If a man is such In a
small town everybody knows it. any
way. Two important events aro scheduled
for this week In Portland emergence
of tho groundhog tomorrow and eclipse
of the sun next day. A little clear
weather would be a welcome third.
How much ilouei it comes to us
when 100 of our fellow Americans are
drowned in California than when
10.000 men are killed In battle on an
other continent. s
Again it may be said that Zeppelin
raiders who kill women and children
In a city are not waging war. These
affairs will figure In the final reck
oning. Bryan will get what he wants at
Sf Louis tJiat Is, anything less than
the nomination, and the opposition
cannot help itself.
The schemes of taxation of luxur
ies that Great Britain will propose do
not, as yet. include babies, but that
may come.
Of course Mr. Bryan demands rec
ognition. ' That is what he has been
demanding continuously for twenty
years.
The snowfall of the month was 33
inches and some fellows have It packed
solid on their sidewalks.
The latest programme of the Jap
anese invasion Is a thriller, and such
it waa meant to be.
The most forlorn creature is the
family cat, hotfooting It over the snow
and not a dog In sight.
It is all very well to Joke about the
plumber, but in the emergency he Is
a good man.
Is your neighbor suffering, yet too
proud to tell of It? There is a way
to help him.
Business Is straining at the leash
which Is held in the hand of old Jack
Frost.
Au revolr. old Janus Tou put It
over us on weather.
Have heart. Boreas, have a heart!
Afii.bo&z cajx forecast these days
ECOXOMY SITCATIOX IS VIEWED.
Aathority of Legislature Over Expen
ditures by Coonty Cited.
ALBANY. Or.. Jan. SO. (To the Edi
tor ) In The Oregonlan of January 18
there appeared an editorial entitled
"Do Tou Want Economy?' which I had
hoped might bring forth a reply from
some able correspondent, but as none
seems to be forthcoming, and as a sec
ond article along the same line has
since appeared. I beg leave to make a
few comments. '
We are told In the first article that
a discussion at a taxpayers' meeting In
Corvallis developed the fact that wltn
in a period Ml "ll years the taxes con
tributed to support county eovern
mcnt Increased seven-fold. Benton
County is used as an illustration to
show how the tax burden has increased
throughout the state.
The Oregonlan calls it an amazing
record and eeems to be startled. ny
should it be? Is not the present tax
rate in Oregon precisely what mlgni
have been expected from the progres
sive campaign we have been waging
the last few years, which has resulted
In heavy expenditure of tax money In
all directions? But It is mainly the
reference which The Oregonlan makes
to the "limited authority of the Legis
lature over county expenditures that
1 wish to take Issue with.
Would It not be more nearly correct
to say that the Legislature has almost
unlimited authority over county ex
penditures? Nearly all of the money
..u ..our id regulated bv statute.
Just these items alone, if they increase
with the same rapiany tut low
in the past, will make a tax load that
we cannot lift one end of.
The Legislature has been very pro
lific the last few years, so much so
that the statute books are overloaded
with a mass of useless laws that re
quire vast sums of money. I should
like to submit a list of them here, but
lack of space forbids. In fact, the Leg
islature has stepped in and regulated
county affairs to such an extent that
the county courts now have control of
very little, except the poor, and roads
and bridges.
The taxpayers of Benton County no
doubt found that out when they exam
ined their budget. But there was one
thing they found no record of in the
Courthouse of Benton County, that is,
ti.. . I. m Kur demands made on the
County Court to finance different
schemes, and tne numner ui
. . don-n if the County
pilfjflia iuiii'u " " -
Courts are to be charged up with all
moneys paia out, men enu.
least be given credit for what they
have eaved by pitting on tlio lid. At
this point it might bo well to mention
u. in Mnn Pnuntv the pal-
llin . .."
arloa of the county officers is about
the only item In tax matters ivmcu
hasn't increased in the last 40 years.
As a whole, the salaries ot these offi
cials have Increased. I should think,
but little if any In that length of time.
There can bo no ouestion that the
tax burden has been growing at a rapid
rate in Oregon during the last few
Thi f:.ei wa.a concealed from
us for a time as the Assessors were
then throwing millions oi aouars on
. . . -! T ., e I).. Klfltf. As
IIIC .1.31-lifliiriii ' ' - - ' . '
they have no longer these hidden re
sources of wealth to draw irom. we
will henceforth feel the growth of the
tax burden more keenly.
I am glad that The Oregonlan has
started a campaign this early for re
trenchment, as the discussion of the
subject is bound to give the people a
better understanding of th question.
The newspapers of the state can ac
complish much in this direction. What
we need is a campaign of education
Instead of a campaign of exploitation,
if. .1.1 k m .4 to know tho real
causes that have led up to the present
high taxes, wnicn we are now m.n
plainlng about. Iical tax reform must
' . - : ...4,1. lha nannl. themselves.
uriKiusic in. .... 1-
ot. a l -. tn ..iiri their desires.
iney iimei ito.i. v... .....
They must not cast their vote for all
kinds Of local levies, initiative mras
..... M.iil- foe hnnil Issues, etc.. nor
must they be continually petitioning
their county courts mr tiiH-innc
projects, and expect a decrease in
taxes.
The Legislature, as has been shown,
i- -. i , .. n t f 1 . i r in con
trolling tax matters after the people
themselves. Almost every act It passes
r.. .omA .rrmnrlitlirs from the
county funds, and no one can appre
ciate this line a memocr oi me uui...
Court. 1 believe that every citizen, if
It were possioie, snouiu nc inowi t
a 1 ... . . AnA tavm - -J I 'fill n t V
pri , e ii icuni " " - 4...... - -
Commissioner, hence I am not much In
favor of the. proposal to abolish that
office. Before we make much head
way at retrenchment the people as a
uh.i. m.i.t i.nrii to live within their
means, then the same feeling will
graduallv permeate an iii-kijuis
, ii.. 't-i, nA a.i until then will
the tax burden of Oregon grow less.
These complaints or men taxes re
I n A .11 a of 1 1. a nld-fnshioned country
dances we used to attend. "After the
Ball Waa Over" the musician usuany
passed around the hat for his pay. We
all remember the fellow who would
dance all night like a trooper and then
1 . - .4.. .An Ti-I.a n lalrafi to t h m W in
rm..p in' a"4 11 " -
to pay the fiddler. Let us all bear In
mind that the Assessor soon win oe
passing the hat strain and we have all
l ! morn or I.RI Ko let US
cheerfully contribute our full share of
the burden, which Is tne initial step in
true tax reform.
P. B. M'KNIGIIT. County Judge.
PEACE PASSAf.KS ARB Q VOTED.
Bible AntheritT of "Preparedneaa" Is
Assailed by Writer.
M'MIXXVILLE. Or., Jan. 30. (To the
Editor.) Few would disagree with Dr.
Morrison in believing in preparedness
as a measure of National safety. But
to assert that Christ and the New Tes
tament support preparedness Is to as
sert something that Is not true. In
addition to the well-known passages.
Do violence to no man." "He that
taketh up the sword shall perish by
the swoid," "Render not evil for evil.
railing for railing, we have Christ s
own example of non-resistance, al
though ke had a great defense, "Twelve
Legions of Angels," had he cared to
use it.
Truly this wae for a purpose, and so
It is with God's servants to this day as
It Is declared in the Revelation,
"Herein is the patience and faith of
the saints' that they do not resist.
trusting In God, who says, "Vengeance
is mine: I will repay." It will be in
teresting to your readers to hear the
views of early century Christian writ
ers on this subject. Justin Martyn, A.
D. 140, quoting MIcah. iv:3, says
"We who were once full of war and
mutual slaughter have everyone
throughout the whole earth changed
our swords Into plough shares." Ter-
tullian, A. D. 200. says: 1 ou inquire
whether a believer may enter the mil
itary service and to whether soldiers
are to be permitted Into the faith, even
rhe rank and file and the subaltern of
ficers, who are not required to take
part In sacrifices or In capital punish
ments. There is no agreement between
the Divine and human sacrament, the
standard of Christ, and the standard of
the Devil, the camp of light and the
camp of darkness. How will the Chris
tian man war without tne sword which
the Lord has taken away. In disarm
ing Peter he unbelted every eoldier."
Origon, A. D. 230. says: "We no
longer take up the sword against any
nation, nor do we learn war any more.
We have become for the sake of Jesus
the children of peace. By our prayers
we fight for our king abundantly, but
take no part in his wars, even though
he urge us."
ROLAND V. SMITH.
Another Ilaulel Webster.
Washincton ( D. C.) Star.
"Srth Smigclcs says you are another
Pantel Webster." "Yes." replied Sena
tor Sorghum, sourly, "Seth is always
comparixta; mo, with, somebody who Jus
dead,--
nOP.IV LAZY AND DESTRUCTIVE
Meanest Thing That Wear Feathera,
In Opinion of Fanner.
BROWNSVILLE Or.. Jan. 30. (To
the Editor.) Observing Bird Lover's
comments on the robin in The Orego
nian, I wish to add my opinion of the
said robin, namely, that he is a hog
in the form of a bird, the meanest and
most ravenous I have ever seen or
heard tell of.
This year the problem literally de
voured all our berries and fruit. From
two cherry trees we seldom got a ripe
cherry. This year they not only ate
up all the cherries, but devoured the
raspberries, loganberries and the Him
alaya berries. The latter were so
prolific that we got a few and the lo
gans we could pick before they were
suitably ripe for the robins, but they
got away with the Phenomenals en
tirely, also the raspberries.
When I thought the grapes were
about ripe I concluded to gather a few
one day for the table, but, on inspec
tion, there wasn't a grape there, only
a few stems. The frost had not
touched our grapes and I thought we
would have a fair yield.
We had a young orchard and it oc
curred to me that they might attack
It. Going over the orchard, I found
they had pecked apples on every bear
ing tree, thereby ruining them.
I, too, have been observing the hab
its of birds somewhat in the Spring,
Summer and Fall. I have also ob
served that the robin does not destroy
insects. When he can get them he
eats only fruit, berries and angle
worms. An angleworm does no harm
in any way. In fact it is useful in
this country, where it rains so much.
In loosening up the soil.
The little insect-destroying birds will
work industriously all over your plants
and vegetables, gathering the aphis and
small insects, until they have all they
want. You will find them too busy to
eat cherries or other fruit. But it is
the reverse with the robin. He is too
lazy to hunt for anything that takes
so much effort. Therefore he hops along
on the ground in your chicken-yard to
pick up all the angleworms that your
hens might get, and then gorges him
self on your fruit until there is noth
ing left in a family garden for the
owner. Talk about his ability to de
stroy grubs. The Oregon robin would
not know a grub if he saw one. Much
less would he be inclined to exert him
self to find one. He Is a gormandizer,
lazy, ornery and an all-round, despic
able, worthless cuss.
Other birds will cat fruit, loo. but
most of them arc moderate about it,
are active, industrious and do not ob
ject to doing some good along with
their songs and looks, to help make the
world better by their presence: but that
hog of a robin would never molest an
insect or aphis unless he conceived a
notion. that it was a boon to man.
Robin's Spring song gets on my
nerves, too. for it reminds me that he
is glad that he has lived till another
season, when ho may rob and plunder
to his heart's content.
ONE WHO DOES NOT LOVE A ROBIN.
LARUE FAMILY AD ALL HEALTHY
o Doctor or Servant Ever Attended
16 Children In One House.
PORTLAND. Jan. 31. (To the Edi
tor.) Please let me reply to the wom
an who signs herself "Mother" to a
letter in The Oregonian. This woman's
statement is both unscriptural and un
natural. I am one of 16 children 12 boys and
4 girls by one father and one mother,
and I never saw a servant girl nor a
doctor in my father's house. They all
grew to be men and women, a strong,
healthy family, and some arc holding
prominent positions right now.
In my day. 60 years ago, there was
no such thing as murdering children
by destroying the seed, as there is
these days. How can we cr- - out the
commands of God?
In Genesis, i:28, God commands us
to be fruitful and multiply and replen
ish the earth. But the woman of to
day that is, the great majority of
them care but little about God or his
commands. God never enters into their
thoughts. "The wicked through the
pride of countenance will not seek
after God; God is not in all his
thoughts." (Psalm, x:4).
What a conglomerated set of know
nothings the mothers are bringing into
the world these days. As. Dr. Brougher
said in the White Temple. "There was
a time when the parents governed the
home, but now the children govern it."
And the mother is to blame largely for
the way the children are brought up.
Then the correspondent asks the
question, "Can a man bring up a family
on $75 a month?" Yes, and save money,
with the right kind of a wife to help
take care of It: but not if she gads the
streets and spends her time looking
into the show windows, or in the pic
ture shows. But what Is the use of
talking? The old world will continue
to roll on until the master comes to
take vengeance on the murderers, and
"he that docth wrong shall receive for
the wrong which he hath done, and
there Is no respect of person." (Col.
iii:23.) A FATHER.
FEED STARVING BIRDS, IS PLEA.
Writer Declare Aoduhon Society Is
Doing Great Wrork.
PORTLAND, Jan. 31. (To the Edi
tor.) The snow has covered all the
seeds and insects and the birds are
without food, so we should all provide
feeding places for the birds..
We have two window-shelves which
are visited by the following birds:
Chickadees. Oregon Juncoes. towhees,
grackles. varied thrushes and rusty
song sparrows, robin red breast and a
dear little Winter wren. They are all
fond of suet and bread. The varied
thrlushes enjoy apple and the chicka
dees eat a great many sunflower seeds.
We also scatter quantities of rolled
oats about for the Oregon juncoes or
snowbirds.
There are three beautiful varied
thrushes or Alaskan robins enjoying a
lunch at the window now. They were
rather shy when they first came, but
now they are very brave and do not
seem to be afraid of us. We are de
lighted to have them visit our shelves,
as they are our prettiest Winter birds.
The boys and girls who are members
of the Multnomah Audubon Association
are doing good work feeding the birds.
Brvson Hays, a 6-year-old member,
has had his Winter shelf up two
months and the birds always find a
good meal set out ready for them.
I think that the Multnomah Station
Bird Club members will be the means
of saving a great many birds' lives
during this snow and cold weather.
MAMIE E. CAMPBELL.
Bird Life In Grave Danger.
PORTLAND, Jan. 31. (To the Edi
tor.) The situation as regards the
birds of this country, upland game
birds, songsters and other small birds,
I..... HaMv C'rnwIlID' TTlOTe
IS very BKiiwua " 1 . e--.---E. --
so. Thousands have already perished
and IT tne present weanier cuucniuto,
in n. short time our bird population will
have just about been annihilated.
Many do not appreciate tne value oi
hi.rf. .If nne will Wfltch tile SOn?
sparrows and bluebirds hunting insects
under the eaves oi our nouses, miu
other birds devouring seeds of such
weeds as protrude above the snow,
they will appreciate what our birds
mean to us.
I wish to appeal to everyone I know
and to any others to try and save even
a pair of birds. This must not be neg
lected. It is very, very vital. The bob
white quails, which fcr several years
have been Increasing largely, and our
song birds, warblers and sparrows are
especially endanged. Yesterday I no
ticed a flock of a thousand horned
larks seeking such seeds as were above
.i.a ainnw. Let everyone try and save
even a pair of birds.
In Other Days
Twenty-five Year Ago.
From The Oregonlan of February 1, 1901.
M. Eiffel, whose tower has made his
name widely known, is running for leg
islative office in the Department of the
Cote d'or as a working man's candi
date. Mrs. Clara Badgley, who has been for
six years past the official court re
porter of Terra Haute, Ind., has formed
a partnership with Miss Holmes, of tho
Holmes Business College for the pur
pose of conducting a first-class steno
graphic office.
Mrs. O. Clay, who lives at the corner
of Eleventh and Market streets, sent
to this office a large and handsome
crocus, also a small twig of a Japanese
quince which bears a number of well
developed scarlet blossoms.
A general court-martial with Colonel
Woodhull, M. D., as president, and Lieu
tenant Martin, Fourteenth Infantry, aa
judge advocate, will begin its sessions
at Vancouver next Tuesday.
The next attraction in the star course
at the Tabernacle will be Miss Olaf
Krarer, the little Eskimo. She will
give a graphic account of life in the
frozen North.
Governor Pennoyer is enjoying quite
a Presidential boom at present. So far
as ability is concerned, the Governor is
all right, but the great state of New
York will see that tho nomination will
never get this far West. Yamhill
Ledger.
Rev. H. V. Rominger, pastor of the
First Congregational Church, has se
cured the loan of a real mummy from
a gentleman in New York. The mummy
was sent from that city out here by
express, the charges being J50.
Half a Century Ago.
From The Oregonlan of February 1, 1S66.
The value of imports received at Vic
toria from Portland for the year 1S65
is $181,160.
The regular weekly meeting of the
Common Council was held last, even
ing. Mayor Failing presiding. The fol
lowing members were present: Gil
more. Lownsdale, McCraken. Schuyler,
Strowbridge, Thompson and Watkins.
New York. Jan. 27. William Evarts
has begun preparation for the trial of
Jefferson Davis, having been retained
as Government counsel with a fee of
$100,000. He is overhauling the records
of treason trials since the days of tho
Stuarts.
Denver. Jan. 27. The Colorado Ter
ritorial Legislature lias granted liberal
charters to Ben Hollad;iy. One Is for
a road through Middle Park, shorten
ing the distance to Sun Francisco 00
miles, and tie other is for Holladay's
mail and express company.
San Francisco, .Tan. 31. Tho crew of
the clipper ship White Swallow, which
arrived from New Y'ork on Monday, are
under arrest on the charge of mutiny
committed on the high seas.
Washington, Jan. L'S. The Commis
sioner of the General Land Office has
transmitted to the Governor of Califor
nia two patents, embracing nearly
25.000 acres of land, settled by parties
in virtue ot" state warrants.
A letter dated Clear Creek, Colo., Dec.
1., says: "There are vigilantes here.
Hank Buckner and four others were
hung a few nights since."
BIRTH CO.VTROL FIGURES GIVEN
Writer Seta Forth Moral and Phyaleal
Aspects.
PORTLAND, Jan. 31. (To the. Edi
tor.) Admitting the general validity of
your editorial remarks on birth con
trol, may I add that the issues involved
do not appear to me quite as simple
as one might be led to infer from read
ing your comments?
The idea of controlled maternity
does not necessarily mean childless
ness. It may be depended upon, how
ever, to bring about a great reduc
tion in infant mortality. Thus in the
Dutch cities of Amsterdam and Rot
terdam, where clinics for women have
been established under governmental
sanction, reduction in the death rate
among children of one year or under
has been enormous.
In 1883 the annual death rate among
this class of infants in the cities named
was, respectively, 203 and 209 per 1000
of living births. By 1912 mortality in
the first year had been reduced to 61
and 79 per 1000 of living births.
The authority for these figures Is
Dr. Arietta Jacobs, a physician of high
est standing and a pioneer worker in
the Neo-Malthusian League of Holland,
who gives it as her opinion that a
large factor accounting for this great
conservation of infant life 13 the moro
intelligent and unremitting care that
mothers are enabled to give their little
ones when not overburdened wtlh
child-bearing.
Dr. Jacobs is further of the opinion
that at least two years, often prefer
ably three, should elapse between
pregnancies. Consideration for the
health of many women absolutely de
mands this.
Viewed purely as a question of phys
ical health and not as a theoretical
moral problem, this demand cannot be
met in the vast majority of cases with
out resorting to artificial methods of
avoiding pregnancy methods that
should at the same time be physiolog
ically harmless.
I submit that this argument for birth
control, based on the idea of conserv
ing the health of tho mothers ot the
race, is at least as convincing as the
excellent one you advance that a
woman who has no maternal instinct,
in the interests of racial welfare, should
not have a child forced upon her, either
out of marriage or in it.
Incidentally. speaking of unfruitful
marriages, how would it be possible to
distinguish those couples who are
guilty of the pernicious practice of de
liberate avoidance of the duty of
fecundity from other cases where na
ture has Imposed a bar and the bless
ing of children is withheld by the will
of God? H. C. UTHOFF.
Entrance to Military Academy.
EUGENE. Jan. 30. (To the Editor.)
i ; .1 1 .. inrsM-Tvi me. as to where I can
get information regarding examinations
for entrance to tne Army or nau
academies that might be held in the
near future. 0. v .
Write to your Representative in Con
gress. The Premier Salesman
The newspaper, like every other
good newspaper in other places, is
the best salesman in the city.
It goes to the homes. It is al
ways at work. It has. the confi
dence of its readers.
Readers turn to its advertising
when they are in need because
they are finding it profitable to
do so.
They prefer to fleal with its ad
vertisers because they have more
confidence in the men who adver
tise than in those who do not.
Newspaper readers are in what
might be called a receptive mood
are, ns our Missouri friends
would say. "ready to be shown."
The man with gooils to sell to
the people of this city should
choose the best salesman to be
round, the one with an entry into
the best homes the advertising
columns of this newspaper.