Image provided by: University of Oregon Libraries; Eugene, OR
About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (Jan. 31, 1916)
TIIE MORXIXG OREGOXIAN, 3IOXDAY, JANUARY 31, 1916. 6 1 Qwgmavt fORTLAXD. OREGON. Entered at Portland (Oregon) postoffica second-claa matter. Subscription Rate Invariably to advanca: Daily. Sunday Incladed. ona year .$8 00 Itaily. hun.iay included, six monltoi. ... Ijily. Sunday Included, three months. Laiiy, Sunaay Included, one month. Daily, without Sunday, one year Dally, without bundar. iU months.... ... Xjally. without Sunday, threw montha.i Laiiv. without Sunday, on montn.... Weekly, one year Sunday, one year ........ tiunday and Weekly, one year By Carrier.) -" Tflr. Sunday Included, one year -T Ijaiiy. Stmday Included, one month.... 4.23 2 S !oo 1.75 .60 1.50 2 SO S.30 9.00 .73 How la Kemlt Send poatotflce money o 77 d-r. expresa order or personal check on your local bank. Stamp, coin or currency are at aetHlers risk. G've poatoffica addresaea In lull. Including county and atate. L I'Mtace Kate 12 to 1 pagea. 1 cent: If to i2 pages, a cents; 34 to 4S pages, 3 cents. " So to eo pages. 4 cents; 61 to 16 pagea. s rents: 7- tj pages, 6 cent. Foreign post- - at-e double rates. taetrra Boaineea Office Verree Conk lln. Irunswick building. New York; erree r- 4. fnnkiln hrvr bul dlr.a. Chicago. Kran' ibco reprentaUve, K. J. Bldwell, Market street 742 r PORTLAND, MONDAY, JANUARY St. ttt. SOCIETY AS ACCESSORY TO CRIME. John H. Stevenson's verdict after three years' experience as judge of the ." Municipal Court is that, as & reform er Ing agency, the. law la not doing the duty laid upon it by the constitution. Jf the law had performed its full duty many of those persons who have in curred its penalties would have be come law-respecting, which means " much more than law-obeying, useful - citizens. The undeniable truth is that r a sentence to Jail or penitentiary often hut interrupts a prisoner's criminal activity. He regains his freedom with ; a purpose to transgress again and to be more careful not to be caugnt ana with a confirmed hatred, not with re spect, for the law. Judge Stevenson Impresses upon us . the truth that society as a whole must bear a share of the responsibility for crime. A boy's or girl's first offense I against the law is as .likely, probably - more likely, to be the result of hered- - ity. of bad training, of evil environ- - nient or of privation, all of which are . lit some degree due to the laws short comings, as to be the result of inher- ent vicious propensities. A discharged - convict's new crime is due to the law's failure to undo the evil effect of j these influences during his Incarcera tion and to the law's throwing hira "back Into his old surroundings with -the additional handicap of a brand on his character. So long as society per mits conditions to prevail which lead . the young into crime and which make - them confirmed criminals after they have once offended, the law is an accessory before and after the fact to every crime that Is committed by any except the Inherently vicious, and they r are relatively few.' In acknowledging the partial re- sponsibility of society we must not . give the naturally tdle and vicious an excuse to shirk their individual re sponsibility. Wasting opportunity to l earn an honest living and choosing the "easiest way to live from day to day "and gratify their appetites, such men and women are too apt to distort the truth concerning society's share of blame into a warrant for casting the entire blame for their misdeeds on " society. Whatever may be the con tributory causes, it is their own act which subjects them to the laws pen si ties and they should not be per mlttcd to escape on the plea that society placed temptation in their way. Society does not tempt by affirma. tively creating opportunity to fall. Its sins are of omission. What can society do to reform the f;illen and prevent others from fall ing? It has already abolished the sa loon and the gambling-house. It can do more by abolishing the third of an evil trio the brothel. That ancient institution is the prime cause in nu merous cases of all the immediate causes of crime which we have enu merated. It taints the father's blood with syphilis, which is transmitted in Its many secondary forms to the child. It debases the father's moral nature and renders him unfit to train a child In the right way. it creates an en vironment which pollutes the child's mind, tempts him to libertinism, idle ness, extravagance, drunkenness and dishonesty, destroys his moral stamina and diseases his body. From all these causes springs the privation which besets the children of the brothel's male victims and which tempts them to crime that they may escape it. The scarlet woman is a center of physical as well as moral infection, which has poisoned the blood of one in every five and one-half men in the United States. From that poison have sprung Insanity, deformity, many forms of disease, drunkenness and addiction to drugs, which are destroy ing our manhood and womanhood. And society cannot escape account nbllity for the scarlet woman. It maintains a double standard of morals for the sexes, which makes an outcast of the girl who strays from the path of virtue, but lets the boy or man go unpunished by its scorn. It prepares . the young for their fall by refusing - to teach them the essential truths about the most vital functions of their bodies and by permitting them to - learn those truths with the accom paniment of vile suggestion. It closes the school houses In the evening, when they might be centers of healthy so cial recreation, and turns the young loose to other places where the oppor- . tunltics to do evil are many and where the opportunities to do well are few. It shuts the door of respectability tin the girl who has gone astray and leaves no path open to her except that which ends in prostitution. There she takes her revenge on her betrayer by morally and physically corrupting every boy and man who consorts with ' her. But have the parents ro responsi bility in the matter? Indeed they have. Luxury and self-indulgence are rife, each family strives to live up to the standard of those next better off. What formerly were luxuries are now considered necessities, fathers can " only afford to have one or two chil dren and mothers are unwilling to bear more, The one or two children are reared as mothers' darlings and get .ion j of the strict parental disci pline or of the rough-and-ready Felf disciplire which were necessary vith the old-fashioned families of six. eight or ten children. The rearing of such families is left to the improvi dent poor, whose children, provided " with no places of harmless, healthy recreation, graduate from the streft to reform schools and penitentiaries. The well-to-do man's one son. pam pered and spoiled, forges or. embezzles to gratify the luxurious tastes acquired from his father and trusts to "tne ole man" to get him out of the scraps. What are we to do about it? Open ' the schools as social centers in the - evening. Teach the young sex hy giene. Revise our social standards so that well-to-do women will take more pride in large families than In fine raiment and swell social functions. Give our public officials wider discre tion In providing for poor mothers upon whom the sole care of families has been thrown, that they may not neglect their higher duty as mothers to become breadwinners. Enforce the same standard of morals for men as for women by visiting with social os tracism the seducer and the associate of the scarlet woman. Provide spe cial training in schools for the men tally and morally defective, y These are a few of the preventive measures which might be taken. But drastic curative measures are needed, for criminals teach crime and prostitutes recruit the army of the dissolute and the diseased. An of fender should no sootier be impris oned than systematic work should be gin with a view to his release as a good citizen. Employment at useful labor, corrections of deficiencies in his education, teaching of trades will help him to the right road. Let the police watch him more to encourage him In honest living than in the hope of catching him in some new offense or of blasting his reputation by reveal ing his criminal record. The hardest part of the task is how to deal with the prostitute and par ticularly with the girl who has made the first misstep. The latter needs care in a special institution, where her moral training will bo renewed, her self-respect restored and a trade taught The practice of fine and Im prisonment as punishment for prosti tution should be definitely abandoned. In New York state at the house of detention it has been found that the fall of a very large proportion of such women is due to mental defectiveness. In some such cases development of their faculties has given them strength to walk uprightly; others were so hopelessly defective, that permanent detention was necessary. Very many were taught various kinds of useful work, were given employment and were permanently rescued. A com paratively small proportion returned to their former habits. The same methods pursued elsewhere should have equally salutary results. The complexity an importance of the problem of vice and crime are so great that all of its phases cannot be suggested in a single article. If the makers and administrators of the law keep constantly in mind the commu nity share in responsibility for crime they cannot make a step without do ing something to reduce that respon sibility. GRAVITY DOUBLY APPLIEO. It has been said by someone, with perhaps the full measure of truth, that the strongest factor in the devel opment of railroad transportation was the Invention of the airbrake. Had it not been for this device the West "would now either be pretty generally a wilderness or it would bean Isolated community dealing with the East largely by means of water communi cation. Modern trains could not be controlled on mountain grades with the old style of hand brake nor could that brake be so applied that trains on level stretches could make the nec essary stops required if they main' tained modern rates of speed. Yet there is an advancement over the air brake in use on the electrified portion of the Chicago. Milwaukee & St. Paul Railway. That system is dis placing steam with electricity on the most difficult mountain divisions of its transcontinental extension. One passenger train is now regularly ope- rated by electricity over the first unit of 110 miles in the entire stretch of 440 miles to be electrified. What is known as regenerative braking is applied in this unit. On down grades the airbrakes are not used, but the regenerative system is exerted not only to hold the train in control but to generate electricity and return it to the trolley wire. From -5 to 52 per cent of the power used in climbing is thus returned. This is but one of the promising features of main-line railroad electri fication. Whereas, the steam engine must be stopped at the end of each division of 110 miles for inspection or repairs, the electric locomotive re quires inspection only about once every 1000 miles. The electric freight locomotive hauls the maximum load of the steam locomotive at much greater speed and is less hindered by weather conditions. One electric pas senger locomotive pulls up the moun tain the same train for which two great Mallet steam locomotives were once required. As the power is produced by moun tain water falls the economies and conveniences now considered assured by this pioneer In that form of main line motive power, there is excellent ground for speculation as to the pass ing of the steam locomotive in the Northwest, where undeveloped water powers abound. DEFENSE OF TUB rAC'IFIC COAST. The Los Angeles Chamber of Com merce has done good service to the entire Pacific Coast by calling the at tention of Congress to the especial needs of the Pacific Coast for defense against invasion. This section of the country has been set apart by nature with two mountain barriers, the open ings through which can easily be blocked by a few conspirators, and the way around those barriers the Pan ama Canal may be blocked with equal ease. The Government should not rely on its ability to meet attack from across the Pacific by rushing ships through the Canal or troops across the moun tains. It should provide sufficient force permanently established on the Pacific Coast to make a successful de fense without reinforcement from the East. The length of time required to provide adequate naval defense ren ders all the more imperative prompt provision for land defense. The Los Angeles proposals for a construction reserve, a rural reserve and a homecroft reserve are such rad ical innovations that, whatever their intrinsic merits, the delay in their adoption which would be caused by the necessity of educating public opinion until opposition was overcome con stitutes a serious objection. But the merits of universal service as adopted in Switzerland, Australia and New Zealand and of the soldier-settler sys tem as practiced by the two latter countries entitle those methods to serious consideration. Those merits are proved by the respect for Swiss neutrality which the Swiss army-has enforced on the belligerent powers which surround the mountain repub lic, and by the splendid contingents of soldiers sent by the Antipodean col onies to Europe. The plan of defending a frontier bj giving settlers tracts 'of land in ex change for military service dates back to the Romans, and for a long period protected the Danube frontier against barbarians. Roumania takes its name from the soldiercolonists from whom a large proportion of its people are descended. The Austrian name of Transylvania Siebenburgen refers to the seven cities in which Saxon set tlers were planted as. a military de fense against invaders;- The- United States used public land to pay or re ward soldiers for their services in the Revolutionary and Civil wars. It would be quite consistent with that policy to make the gift of land a condition of military service to be rendered in the future. By adopting that policy the Govern, ment would insure the settlement of the West by men who would ""be effi cient In peace and in war and, who would owe allegiance to this country and to no other. This would be an infinitely wiser policy than to permit the continued settlement of the Coast by Orientals and Europeans who come to "make a stake" and then "go home," as they express it men who are in many cases enrolled in the reserves of their native countries and who thus may be called upon to fight against us. The Los Angeles plan may not be possible pf realization, as yet, but as the Nation buckles down to a solution of its defense problem it may soon come to recognize the merits of that plan and to adopt it. CANDOR IX CRITICISM. Francis Hackett, a reviewer of cur. rent books for a metropolitan news paper, fervidly complains of the re- straint placed upon him by conven tion. He and his fellow-reviewers may not be candid and frank. At least not openly and directly frank, which means brutally frank. Mr. Hackett even suggests that candor is disap pearing from our midst and that we are becoming a most uncandid folk Just why open candor should be listed as a virtue is not clear. What one thinks of another may be errone ous. At best it is a matter of opinion. And even when it is a matter of ex- pert conviction gentle phraseology might as well be employed. The can. did person is certain to be warmly de tested. In all persons and in all things there are flaws which may be readily detected and a bold exposi tion of these faults, if engaged in as a general practice, would keep the world in a turmoil. The book " reviewer and all other critics have a far more kindly medium in indirect fire upon triose workers whose writings are below standard. If a book is dismissed with a few para graphs the public draws its own con clusion even if an encouraging word is said to the author. If the perform ance of a soloist is disappointing to the critic and audience it is just as well to pass the Incident over briefly or to call attention to the vocal atroci ty in words as gentle as possible. The critic may think that Miss Blank has a squeaky voice which needs treat ment with a file, but how cruel were he candid enough to say so publicly. No, direct and open candor is not an immaculate virtue. It has contributed more than its share, we suspect, to the world's divorces, murders, failures and other dark incidents. If candor is to be preserved in the list of virtues at all it must, at least, be fitted with a muzzle. OBSTACLES TO TRADE EXPANSION, The balance of trade for the year 1913 was $1,772,309,538, which is all the larger in reality because it is not subject to some of the effects which existed before the war. Deductions to be made for tourists' expenditnres are small; aliens' remittances abroad are much reduced because many who made them are serving in foreign ar mles; a larger proportion of ocean freight and insurance now is paid to Americans; and smaller payments of Interest and dividends on American securities are made to foreign holders, because a large proportion of these securities has been resold to Ameri cans. 1 How much less we owe other nations and how much more they owe us is Indicated by the fact that the net imports of cold in the year were $420,528,672. But the favorable balance of trade fell far short of the most sanguine estimates, which ran as high as 12 500,000,000. The causes are not far to seek, and it is within our power to remove some of them. One is the increase of imports. In Decern ber it totaled J 171,841,665, which is $57,185,120 more than in December, 1914, and only $12,183,906 less than in December. 1913. when the total was the largest in our history. The Underwood tariff was the main influ ence in producing this increase, ii.i per cent of the December imports hav ing entered duty-free. The flow of exports was checked not only by the scarcity of ships, which is attribu table to the war, but by the blockade on the railroads. The latter was caused by the sudden flood of traffic which began last Summer. Having been starved of capital for increased facilities during the last several years, the railroads were not prepared to handle it and our trade expansion is cramped by their inability to carry all of our products when industry is in full swing. If we do not remove these two serious obstructions while the war is in progress, they may combine to turn the balance of trade against us soon after peace returns. VIVA WATCHFUL WAITING. The restraint exhibited by American soldiers along the border during many distressing incidents proves how well disciplined is the regular Army. American soldiers have been fired on without being permitted to return the fire. They have been sneered at and insulted by grimacing Greasers across the international boundary. They have been forced to stand Idly by while the Stars and Stripes were be ing trailed In the mud along the Rio Grande before their eyes. They knew that watchful waiting and spineless diplomacy would not support them in any red-blooded conduct for the de fense of their lives and dignity, so they have remained under gnawing restraint, repressing indignation and natural impulses. But when irresponsible Mexican bandits seized two soldiers who were swimming in the Rio Grande and car ried them inland the outrage was somewhat beyond the powers of com placency of two" young American offi cers. They promptly gave chase In an effort to rescue their" men and a run ning fight in Mexico ensued. As a re sult the officers are to be court-martialed, we have made an apology to the successful bandit Carranza, and the State Department "is hopeful that complications will not follow with Carranza as a result of the technical invasion." XiC the meantime the execution of nineteen Americans in Chihuahua for the capital offense of being Ameri cans remains unexplained and un avenged; Carranza is unable to pro tect the border country and we will not do it; the President is busy tell ing the public how dearly he loves a scrap and the American soldiers are being made too proud to fight. Again, Viva Wilson! Viva watchful waiting! A GOOD EXAMPLE. In the ordinary bank election there is little of romance or hope to the average young man, but the annual meeting and election of the Spokane & Eastern Trust Company at Spokane, Wash., the other day was an exception. The directors elected R. L. Rutter, a comparative! young man who only twenty-three Summers ago picked peaches at Walla Walla for $1 a day. In less than a quarter of a century from peachpicker at $6 a week to bank president at probably that much an hour! ,.The instance is cited to prove that the West still-holds oppor. tunity for aggressive, honest young men and women. Mr. Rutter, who is known to every banker in the North west and many throughout the coun try, is a graduate of the University of Pennsylvania, where he majored in mechanical engineering. He read Horage Greeley's advice and he fol lowed it. Peach-picking was the first available Job, and he picked from the trees on the old Lane-Gilliam ranch near Walla Walla. From that mod est calling one at which too many university graduates now would scoff he engaged in woolbuylng for an ol4 Quaker firm, Justice-Bateman Com pany, and naturally learned the coun try In Idaho, Oregon, Washington and Montana. 'He risked his faith, backed by his own integrity, in the country and decided to stay with it. Then, as today, dollars didn't run up hill to meet him. . But he met ,men who, having come fifty years before, had made good, and he believed he could do the same. His recent election as president of a bank with millions of deposits confirms his faith It Is needless to say he' has done other things in the meantime. For instance. Mr. Rutter is the father of school savings in the Northwest and one of the two or three bankers to get behind it in the country. He also has organized and become president of the Western Union Life Insurance Com pany of Spokane, one of . the large companies of the West. He has taken hold of public questions, and particu larly of problems in his own business, with the result that he has at differ ent times been president of the Spo kane Clearlng-House, vice-president for Washington of the American Bankers' Association and a member of the executive committee and trust section of the American Bankers' As sociation. In twenty-three years he has climbed from peachpicker at $1 a day to be a real factor in Ris own community and an Influence . in Na tional organizations. His associates best know perhaps what he has done toward the upbuilding of Spokar.e. That is one of the epics of achieve ment surrounding Spokane history, because he was one of the first men in Spokane to realize the power of publicity. He carried it into his bank ing business almost against the pre cepts of his veteran superiors, but he proved to them the value of educating the public. ' Support or opposition to Dr. Tufts' rest-day bill is a personal matter. Or ganlzed labor insists upon one day in seven for rest. In other lines many who work by the month have one or two days off; they could take" four. for substitutes are plenty, but they prefer to work. These will be affected by adoption of the bill. Matters of sports and amusements are left to a sort of local option and will remain as they are, no doubt. All of which leads to the query: Where is the ne cessity for the law? Whan a duplicate Columbia River Highway is built on the north bank, connecting with the splendid Wash' ington road system, it will be incum' bent on Oregon to extend good roads through the Willamette Valley and Central Oregon in order to hold the tourists. There is nothing more sociable than the robin that alights on the rail of the back porch and discusses the food and drink he finds there. He cannot sing his thanks, but there is promise in the sidelong glance to come back in the Summer and bring the family. The man who passes in his chair by the fireside more nearly approaches the ideal translation described by Bry ant, "like him who wraps the drapery of his couch about him and lies down to pleasant dreams." What? Graft among the pacifists? We thought from reading the Com moner that it was peculiar to the so- called militarists, whose sole offense is a desire to ward off militarist at tacks. Between the people, who demand preparedness, and Representative Kitchin, who scares Congress by tell ing the cost, the latter body is in an awful predicament. Somehow one cannot help thinking the Lord will be good to people who adopt brother and sister and thus avoid breaking. the tie that binds the orphans. The Canadian Northern will have trains running before Spring. The general manager of the system is snowbound up there and something must move. Switzerland is not big enough to make a fair-size fuss and the rioters before the German consulate at Lau sanne must have been full of hooch. The man who would just now shoot a pheasant, when it is all the poor bird can do to keep alive, deserves the maximum penalty. There seems to be nothing to choose between the Chicago police and those of New York when Becker was in hisJ glory. y Representative Slnnott's rabbit-skin hat will gain more fame for Oregon than Cyclone Davis' sweater won for Texas, In breathing spells between battles the belligerents while away time with recriminations about atrocities. One day more in which to break the January record for snowfall, and It looks like it will be done. Whatever errors are committed In his postoffice. Uncle Sam takes care that he never loses. The man who Fall-plowed will have a crop and a half. During-this kind of weather regis tration can wait. Tia Juana needed cleansing, but not by a flood. How to Keep Well By Dr. W. A. Eva a a. Questions pertinent to hygiene, sanitation and prevention of disease, if matters of gen eral Interest, will be answered in this col umn. Where space will not permit or the eubjeet is not suitable, letters will be per sonally answered, subject to proper llmlta tations and where stamped, addressed en velope Is inclosed. In-. Evans will not make diagnosis or prescribe for individual dis eases. Requests for such service cannot be answered. (Copyright. 1918, by Dr. W. A. Evans. Published by arrangement with Chicago Tribune.) OCCUPATIONS FOR DEAF. Many elderly people and a large number of younger ones are facing the problem of deafness and realize that they will have to find some other oc cupation than that which they now have. The majority of adults who are growing deaf gradually- take it as matter of course instead of preparing themselves. Lip reading is now being taught in most cities. Some of the boards of education have made pro vision for evening classes in the pub lic schools. There are schools for pri vate instruction also. At the Palace of Education at the Panama Exposition much Interest was shown in the classes In lip reading: conducted by Mrs. Trask. The pupils were from all parts of the country, some were deaf, some were losing their hearing, and some were not deaf at all but took the instruction to be able to give it to friends or rela tives who are deaf. In the December number of the Volta Review Miss Helen Louise Dyer sug gests occupations for womes who are deaf, who do not wish to be away from home all day, and find themselves rather restricted in choice of occupa tion. The first illustration given is that of & woman who lived in a small railroad junction town. She was totally deaf and found it necessary to help increase the small family income. She procured some folding paper boxes and filled them, with appetizing lunches of three different kinds, ranging in price from 15 cents to 40 cents. These wre placed on sale at th'station lunch counter, to be sold on a small commission. "The venture has been so much of a success that the woman is now able to hire a girl to do all the packing while she at tends to the cooking." . Another suggestion for the woman who can cook is to prepare food for invalids. The plan is to call on the various doctors, tell the plan, procure the names of patients who are on spe cial diets not easily prepared in homes where a regular nurse is not kept, and follow the doctors' directions in the preparation of the food. The above plan suggests another which might prove profitable and help ful. Many mothers have small babies whose food requires careful, tedious preparation. The mother who does her own housework and also has the care of a young baby would probably wel come 'the chance to have some one come in once a day and prepare the food for the 24 hours. A deaf woman could learn how to prepare modified milk and the other specially prepared goods for baby's diet, procure the names of mothers who would be glad to have help of that kind, get instruc tions from the doctor in each particular case, and build up a patronage in her own particular neighborhood or any other she might prefer. Other suggestions offered by Miss Dyer are the old-fashioned occupa tion of rug weaving or braiding, knit ting bedspreads, crocheting, embroid ering lingerie and linens, addressing envelopes, running a circulating library. To these could be added developing and printing kodak pictures, doing manu script and copy work on the typewriter. For women to whoro outdoor life appeals and who have ground on which to have a garden, the suggestion is made that flowers, bulbs, herbs, etc.. be raised for market. Mushroom cul ture is another suggestion. Miss Dyer tells of a young woman who lost her hearing and had to give up her ambition to be a teacher. She decided that 6he would do mending for the students in a local college. She mailed cards to some of the students and placed other cards where the stu dents could see them. In a short time she had more work than she could possibly do. Blood Pressure. Constant Reader writes: "(1) Would you kindly inform me if 145 blood pressure in a man 45 years of age is too high; also (2) if slight trace of albumin in urine is cause for alarm, although other organs are negative." REPLY. 1. While it is above normal more would have to be known about your physical con dition to warrant one in expressing a posi tive Judgment as to its seriousness. 2. If the presence of the albumin is due to something you are eating, no. If diseased kidneys are responsible for its presence, it nhnnlfi hf nerlnuslv reckoned with. I would suggest that you have an examination of your urine made to determine whether or not in aaauion to tne aioumin it con tains tube casts. The physician who has thlR examination made will then be in a po sition to give you wholesome advice. , Danger Negligible. Mrs. F. A. H. writes: "Will you please answer the following questions: I know of a family who entertained 20 people at a Christmas dinner. One member of this family was in the last stages of consumption, nut was still able to be about. He died ten days after Christmas. What are the chances. if any, of spreading tne disease; REPLY. Tf the natlent was careful about his habits, the danger Is negligible. Building Cp Weight. MOUNTAIN DALE. Or., Jan. 28. (To the Editor.) (1) Am 20 years old, 5 feet 10 inches without shoes, neck 15 inches, wrists 7 inches, chest 35 and 39 inches, waist 28 manes. Knees 1314 inches, ankles 10 inches, weight (ring side) 145 lbs., could carry 225 lbs., but would you oblige and let me know in your next week's issue what I can do to increase my .weight. 175 lbs? How long time required? (2) Are Sargol and Peruna iiesn ouuaers ot quality.' (3) Where can cartoonist get employ ment in this country, and what does one have to do in order to get em ployment? CONSTANT HEADER. (1) Assuming that you are in good health and in moderate athletic train ing you can increase your weight only by exercising less, eating wholesome food and keeping good hours. But what you put on in weight is likely to be fat. The average weight at your age for men of your height is 154 pounds. This is an average of all classes of men. Probably you are at normal weight now considering your athletic tendencies. (2) Medicines do not produce weight They may sometimes induce it by cor recting ailments. If you are physically sound drugs will not aid you to become heavier. (3) Cartoonists get positions like anyone else by seeKing an opening among users of the service they have to offer. raring of Furs PORTLAND, Jan. 30. (To the Ed itor.) Will you please print a formula for the curing of fur skins, and how to apply it? A READER. The proper treatment depends on the kind and condition of the skin and the use to be made of the finished product If the skins are valuable one would better take them to an expeft furrier. General information on treating Furs may be obtained at the reference de partment of the Public Library. The subject is too detailed to be discussed here. PRISON TWINE PLAN SCORED. Scheme Costly to State and Labor Would Be Loser, Avers Writer. PORTLAND, Jan. 30. (To the Edt tor.) On page 16 of the Evening Tele gram of January 19. there appeared an article purporting to be an inter view with State Treasurer Thomas Kay, upon his return from the" East, and from which the following is a quo' tation: "He (Mr. Kay) contemplates suggesting to the other members ol the State Board of Control the Installs tion of a binder twine industry similar to the one operated in the Minnesota institution at the pentteniary. . . 1 am of the opinion that such a manu- facturinif Plant could be profitably es' tablished in Oregon inasmuch as it would not interfere with free labor in anv way; that it would supply binder twine to the people of the Northwest at less prices and give employment to prisoners the year round, etc" The Portland Cordage Company, of Portland, has been established for 27 years, and one-third of its annual production is binder twine. In. the three Northwestern states, Washington. Oregon and Idaho, the annual consumption of this com modity Is approximately 3.000.0UO pounds. The local company produces slightly in excess of the above amount but a portion of the output is soia out airtn nt th states named. Oregon con sumes annually less than 1,000,000 pounds. The daily production of a plant worthy of mention tnat wouia give em ployment to not exceed 50 men, would hA 15.000 to 20.000 pounds every day of 10 hours. Using the minimum would keep the mill running 60 working days. Thus it will be seen what sort of an investment such a plant would be to the state and the number of men em ployed, together with number of days of service. Should the state act upon Mr. Kay's suggestion, the state would probably sell but little outside of Oregon, a6 many states prohibit the sale of prison manufactured goods. To install such a plant would involve quite a large in vestment and the returns would be comparatively small. As to non-inter ference with free labor, the above will demonstrate the value of the state ments made by the Treasurer. As a matter of fact there is no conv parison between the Stillwater plant in Minnesota and anything that might ever be established in Oregon. The state of Minnesota uses annually al most the entire output of the peniteYi tiary binder twine plant, very little being sold elsewhere. -In their endeavor to find employ ment for prisoners it would seem that officials might turn to clearing the waste lands of Oregon, thus making a permanent asset to the state and in no way conflicting with legitimate labor. Purchase of logged-off lands would in volve no greater outlay of money than a manufacturing plant. Allow the men wages, and this to apply as part pay ment on the lands they are clearing, There are few men who would not be come interested in the work if they could see a future home and com petency ahead. It would take these persons out of th criminal class and place them where respectability and good citizenship would be a possibil ity. Financial aid in clearing wooded land is as worthy of consideration at the hands of the state Board as aid in desert land projects. D. R. YOUNG. With the Portland Cordage Co. Violation of Prohibition Law. ROSEBURG. Or., Jan. 29. (To the Editor.) Being possessed of a thirst that cannot be satisfied with two quarts of whisky and one case of beer per month, I would appreciate it very much if you would answer me the fol lowing questions: (1) Can a person go into California with team or auto and bring unlimit ed quantities of whisky and beer 'into Oregon? (2) Could this whisky and beer he legally seized and confiscated if brought in only for home consumption? (3) Have Oregon state or county of ficials the right to enter private homes in search of ( whisky or beer? J. J. J. It is unlawful for "any person other than common carrier . . . to' deliver intoxicating liquor in this state, to any other person." The law is silent as to transportation in one's own vehicle of liquors to be lawfully used by him self. The section of the law which de fines common nuisances, however, re fers specifically to vehicles and an other section provides that "the find ing of intoxicating liquors in the pos session of one not legally authorized to sell the same, except in a private dwelling house, not used in connec tion with a place of business, shall be prima facie evidence that such liquors are kept for sale or use in violation of law." We are unable to conceive how the prosecuting officers and courts, under the terms of the sec tions quoted, could distinguish be tween the transportation in one's own vehicle of liquor across the boundary for one's own use and the one trans foration across for sale and distribu tion. (2) See answer to question 1. (3) Upon the filing of a sworn complaint the officials are authorized to search the place described in the complaint Shipments of "Wet Goods," FOSSIL, Or., Jan. 29. (To the Edi tor.) Suppose' one lives 50 miles from railroad station or express office, can he have allowance of wet goods shipped every month and call for it four or five months later ana get it an at once or would he just get one month's al lowance? SUBSCRIBER. Only one month's allowance. HONOR TO PAPER CARRIERS. All honor to the plucky boys who bring the papers round. The boys who are not even scared when snow is on the ground; Who get up in the dark and cold be- for our husbands shave. And eat their breakfast when? Who knows? These boys are truly brave. Then, afternoons, when other boys go playing in the snow. The newsboys hustle with the news for every portico. They mustn't make the paper late, or some one- would complain, Tis up to them to be on time in heat, or told, or rain. I do not know which youngster brings the paper to our door. But every time I think of him, I honor him the more. And when I hear the paper go a-thud on our veranda, I'm almost sure that boy will be, some time, a great commander. I do not mean in war, oh no, but In a peaceful way. When there may be a thousand men who'll look to him for pay. He's getting training in the things that make for hardihood, For courage, perseverance, power and all that's "to the good." Three cheers for all the newsboy clan, wherever they may roam! Willing to sacrifice some fun, to help the folks at home. They will surmount all obstacles and all that might depress, So how can it be otherwise than that they'll find success C, , B. In Other Days Twenty-Five Years Ago. Prom The Oregonlan ot January St. broke out in the grocery store of i AuiuiuBe, in runnysiue, ana was n to the ground with all its conte The excavation for the hand family hotel which H. II. Northr building for Mrs. Hill is complete the brick are being delivered U grounds. Bids for the work wi asked for in about two weeks. icaiprun.v was tne nrst day the payment of county and school I lor the year 1S90, which fall . quent on April 1. Sheriff Keiiy several deputies stationed in the office and quite an amount of was paid in. Ellensburg. January 30.- . The ql Northern Railroad today filed witHjr "'wi oi fviiiiiHs Lounty a mort-t for o.OOO.OOO pounds, sterling. I settles the question about the toadt ing through this county. Professor E. R. Locke, of the - Agricultural College at Corvallisi rived in this city last night He i the A'crkins. Ben Hogan. the reformed pus and Lieutenant Lavery, of Chicago. I address the young men only at I Young Men's Christian Association morrow afternoon. -. Half a Century Ago. From The Oregonlan of January 31, Washington, Jan. 25. In the Set today Hendricks of Indiana, from committee on public lands, report" bill to establish an additional land flee in Oregon, which at the req of Williams of Oregon, was pa3c Ai A meeting called of the suDscriber the fund for opening the wagon from the head of navigation on CI fork of the Columbia, to Horee Pi. In Montana Territory, was held In rooms of the Portland Stock and change Board yesterday afternoon. S. Ladd was appointed chairmau S. G. Reed secretary. L. M. I'arrish. school tax collet in the discharge of his duties yester I was wilfully assaulted by the woif proprietor of the Shakespeare Hi who refused payment of the deliuqul tax. "Mr TIefrl mnilcajrliip hAlwnn I city and Lafayette, returned Monti unable to get through in conseque: nf 1ih wnt,r nrhlrh hma wnf av. bridges and rendered the roads i passaDie. w Among other items of insurance which policies are now being issued the various companies of this coun is that of accidents of all kinds ca ing bodily injury or loss of life. L Shannon, traveling agent for i original Travelers Insurance Coinpa is now in the city. Thomas Corwin died on the day was officially announced by Secret) Seward that slavery was abolish the great work to which it had bi devoted. WOMAN ANSWERS BIRD LOVl "Female of Speclea" Dlagnoaes M Complaint. VANCOUVER. Wash.. Jan. 23. ( the Editor.) Having read the artl iu The Oregonlan from Mr. Bird Lo lwisli to say a few words apropos women and birds and also of that culiar hiped called "man." 1 lieing a lover and a raiser of bii myself, 1 know that he speaks c rectly when he says that Polly ru the roost, for she does. Poor Dickey bird doesn't dare to take sip of water or a choice hemp seed ui, after Mrs. Lady Feathtr has had t till. And as to the "female of the spec, being more deadly than the male," Kipling knew whereot he spoke, i he spoke of the lower order ot animfi and everyone will concede that mother will put up a big light for 1 young. Comparing' woman to the bet in this respect she might prove ferocious. Once in a while a reverse of the U will be found like unto Brownin woman in "Ivan lvanovitch." Listen to what he says: How, say you, should the hand God trust with life's torch. Klndied to light the world, aware of spao Let fall the same? Forsooth, her fit a flre-flako stings: I The mother drops the child! Among wl monstrous things 5hall she be classed? uccause ui iiiuuicuuuu. . ........ , Yields to his partner place, sinks prou Hi! Is strength owned weakness, wit, folly. courage, tear. BeBide the female proved male's mistr only here. mi., j h,r wh.ln? The heft Stretched on fire, will die without a groi iter vfiune from where they bide h Thia same instinct planted by g! i , . nr hfuut and woman m. have as full sway In the life of a liti bird, and if tne maie in any ninti . it in bv cntirtesv to t: motherhood in the female, not alwa from a wlllinerness to submit to "he: pecking." . ... In due justice to .air. rcrioui ju. T3irW T.nver we assume he is lu joking, and that he is not so hard c the female of the species as his wor. would indicate, for men as a rulejud: the female world according to tl characters of those nearest and deare to them. So. Mr. Bird Man must be 'kldder-' or possesses an unlovab wife. Quit yer kiddin'! ...... . . i . , . t.- mup crjir.r,TT?s " No to Both Questions. PRINEV1LLE, Or.. Jan. 29. (To Editor.) (1) If I subscribe for a ,, ; A nav frtl- It In i per tor oiiw ' " " , r loirallv obligated to pu lishing company for tha paper if se"j to me continually alter my bu"h tion expires, even though I take tl paper from the postoffice? (2) If publishing 'company secur my name and continually sends the paper without my ever having sui scribed for it, am I legally obligati to settle for same, even though I tak the paper from the postoffice and pi it in the waste basket? OREGO.VIAN READER. Sold on Merit Merchandise is today sold on merit not on favor. But the best article In the world will rot on the dealers' shelves If the public does not know about It Making It known is the mission of advertising. When the manufacturer advert tlses a worthy article In the news papers the storekeeper knows there will be a demand for it He knows it will sell because the newspaper advertising will make known the Inherent merits. j So he places the newspaper-ad- j vertiBed goods in the window and 1 links his store up with the news- 1 paper advertising.