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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (Jan. 28, 1916)
THE MORXIXG OKEGOXIAX, FRIDAY, JANUARY 28, 1916. rOBTXAXD. OBKGON. Entered at Portland (Oregon) Postotflca u seeond-claaa nutter. Subscription r.lu Invariably Is advaaoe: Bt Mail.) t Rally. Sunday Included, on yar S.CO Baiiy. Sunday Included. Ill month, 4.22 " Sunday Included, three month,.. Z.25 Dally. Sunday Included, one month .73 ! wltl-cut Sunday, one year. 4.00 v -uauy. without Sunday, six months. ..... t.25 Daily, without unuy, three months... 1.75 f Bally, wlt?.cut Sunday, on montoa. .. . . .64 I "eesiy, one year l.oo , Sunday, one year 2.30 t Sunday and Weekly, one year 3.50 J By Carrier.) 4 Dally, Sunday Included, one year -00 i Dally, Sunday Included, one month 73 How to KemU Send postoftlea money or. f der. express order or personal check on your ? lot-al hajjk. Utampa, coin or currency are at ' sender's rick. Give poetofflco addresses In . fuil. including- county and state. " Postage Kates 12 to 1 paces, 1 cent: 18 i to 22 pages, 2 cents; 34 to 49 paes, 3 centa; CO o tio pares. 4 cents: 62 to 7ft pages, ft J cents: 7S to 02 pases, e centa. Foreign poet- - oouoia rstea. i alrn Business Office verree aV Conk - lln. Brunswick building. New York: Verree k C-inklln. Stager building, Chicago: San J-'nnelKO representative, it. J. Bidwell. 742 Market street. IrOBTLAXD, FRIDAY, JA'. 18, 1816. , KTABVINO BKMNAMS OF A NATTfTM I A peculiar fatality seems to have ,'orawn a large proportion of the Jews the people without a country to ; dwell among the Poles the people J who have ceased to be a nation. Driv .cn from the Danube by the Romans, .the Poles settled in the wilds about ;the headwaters of the Vistula and Oder rivers. Driven from the Adriatic 'Sea. by persecution, the Jews were tiven a refuge in Poland about the .j ear 1260. The population was then divided into two classes nobles and erfs there being practically no middle class and few cities. ' The Jews combined with German colonists, iwhom one of the early kings encour aged to come in, to form a middle .class, to establish industry and build Cities. Thus the dispersed race has 'come to share the misfortunes of the severed, oppressed nation. " Poland's misfortunes are chiefly he work of an aristocratic oligarchy "which by its Jealousy of the King prevented the formation of a strong government and by its factional feuds and corruption played into the hands of the country's enemies. During the periods when an able King gathered real power into his hands, Poland ex tended its borders and became one of the powers of Europe, but the nobles were ever ready to profit by the sovereign's necessity for the ex tortion of concessions which weak ened the central authority. Surround ed by monarchies of growing power, the nation could only have survived as a nation by uniting its strength .In fact it was but a loosely Joined con federation of petty principalities. ' The kingdom first figured In his tory about the year 900 and within the next century it had been extend ed from the Carpathian Mountains to the Baltic and from the Elbe to the Bug River, all of that territory being inhabited by Slavs. They were pagans until the latter half of the tenth cen tury and the Germans made constant War on them for purposes of conquest tinder the guise of Christian propa ganda. King Mieszko became Chris tian as a safeguard against the Ger mans, but the Teutonic knights con tinued to light for political power. Within twenty years after its ex pansion a combined attack of Poland's enemies laid waste the kingdom, and only with great difficulty was Boles. laus III able to maintain its inde pendence. The most disastrous act for the fu ture of his country was done by this King when he partitioned it into eight principalities, many of which were again subdivided. These were bitter ly hostile to each other, and made Poland an easy prey to her neigh bora. During this partitional period, wnich extended from 1138 to 1305 the Teutonic knights were invited to East Prussia for defense against the then savage Prussians and began serlea.of wars of conquest against Poles and Lithuanians, which contin ued for two centuries. ine mngaom of Poland was re' . vlved in 130(5 by Wladislaus I, who re united Great and Little Poland. de- feated the Teutons and maintained a continued struggle against anarchy end disintegration. The kingdom was strengthened and enlarged, cities and peasants were protected and petty tv rants punished by nis successors, Casi mlr the Great and Louis, but civil war followed the latter"s death. It was ended by the marriage of Joriello. Grand Duke of Lithuania, to Jadwiga, Louis' heiress, who became King of Poland as Wladislaus II. By uniting the two states under one head he strengthened both for the final strug gle with the Teutonic knights, which onoea in tneir subjection in 1466 Wladislaus was the first of the seveu Jagiellon Kings who ruled Poland from 13S6 to 1573 and five of whom ranked as great statesmen. They made Poland an empire extending from the Baltic to the Black Sea and eastward tn within a short distance of Moscow. ad their dynasty survived, their em pire might have cut out the roots of disunion and survived also. The last of the seven. Siglsmund II, no sooner died than these forces became domi nant again. The history of Poland since Sigis mund's death Is a story of cradual breakdown of the central power, of irequent civil wars, of foreign wars m which the nobles constantly thwart ed the Kings' efforts and of loss of territory. Finally the hereditary cus torn was abandoned on demand of the nobles for a purely elective King. Foreign candidates for the throne ap peared, votes in the Diet were sold to foreign monarchs for their candi datee and rulers of other and hostile states were occasionally elected King ana placed on the throne by foreign armies. The source of all these troubles was the resumption of power y ine uiets, on which the lesser gen try relied for defense against the great nobles. There were five local Diets and the first general assembly did not meet Ull 1404 to grant subsidies to the King. Each subsidy or vote of taxes and the election of each King were obtained at the cost of new con Cessions. The gentry acquired the sole power of levying taxes on them selves, the right to declare war and control of the national militia. In their assembly one dissentient could kill a measure or force a dissolution by the absurd liberum veto. The consequence was that chronic anarchy reigned through the latter part of the eighteenth century and gave Frederick the Great the opening he sought to divide the kingdom. The liberum veto was abolished tn 1766 only to be revived two rears later through the Intrigues of Frederick and the coercion of Catherine of Russia. Frederick Induced the first reluctant Catherine and Maria Theresa of Aus tria to Join him in the first partition in IT"!, whereby Poland was robbed f a fourth of its territory. Warned by this event, the Diet reformed the constitution in 1791, but, instigated by (at 2 and 3 o'clock In the morning, fill Polish rebels; Russia declared war to their pails and depart. -The milk is prevent its operation. Poniatowski I carried to hungry children, who other- and Koscluzko gallantly resisted, but I wise could not have this sustaining the King yielded to the Russian party fluid. and in 1793 the second partition by I Milk costing ten cents a quart is Russia and Prussia took more than I indeed a luxury for the family of ten naif of the remaining territory. A last I whose Income is less than - a day. effort by Kosciuzko resulted in sev-1 Two quarts of milk for the children eral victories, but dissension again I means that the father must toil air fought for the despollers and in 1795 hour Und a half or two hours to meet the final partition was made among the bill. A tenth or more of the in Prussia, Russia and Austria. come gone. Needless to say, milk is The Polish warriors scattered denied the little ones unless the sacri through the world and, lured by Na- ficing mother, sacrificing her sleep, poleon's vague promises, tens of thou- may escape the vigil of the stockyards sands fought for him. He went no watchmen and glean a" pall of milk, further than to establish the atten- that otherwise would go to waste, uated Grand Duchjv of Warsaw with a Nor are these milk gleaners of Phil French constitution, but with the re- adelphia alone. Thousands of families treat from Moscow in 1812 this came the country over seek to add to their to an end. The treaty of Vienna in meager lot by gleaning fuel along the 1815 established a diminished king- railroad tracks or by gathering dis- dom under the Czar's sovereignty and carded vegetables among the commis- constitutlon, but lert Prussia and slon houses.. Of course gleaning Is no Austria their share of the spoils. Czar I such common practice as in Europe, ana jJiet soon quarreled and in 1830 for poverty is far less prevalent.' But a rebellion was suppressed with bloody we haves our gleaners and their lives severity and Poland became a Rus- are Just as pathetic. What we have sian province. lacked is a Millet to bring them before under Russian rule the nobles who us in all their pathos. are responsible for the country's woes have been deprived of their land as punishment for rebellion and peasant proprietors have gained possession. convention. But,, he failed to reckon I with American raillery. By the same rule that his bunchgrass constituents sneered at white, collars, his Congres sional associates made light of the ab sence of white collars. They dubbed him "the Collarless. Congressman" and put him in the class of freaks with "Sockless Jerry" Simpson. Months of this began to .tell on the "Cyclone" until of late a more fitting name for this picturesque Texan would have been "Breeze" Davis. Environ ment was telling. He found that while he may have been a cyclone in Texas he was merely a zephyr in Washing ton. No one invited him anywhere or took him seriously. He was regarded i as a sort of harmless freak and nat urally this hurt the "Cyclone's" finer How to Keep Well By Dr. W. A. Evans. Questions pertinent to hygiene, sanitation and prevention of disease If matters of gen eral Interest, will be answered in tills col umn. Where space will not permit or the subject Is not suitable, letters will be per sonally answered, subject to proper limita tions ana wnere stamped,- addressed en velope is inclosed. Dr. Evans will not make diagnosis or prescribe tor Individual dis eases. Requests for such service cannot bo answered. - (Copyright. 1916. by Dr. W. A. Evana Published by arrangement with Chicago inoun.j THE BOOK OF IHEASAJiTS. A truly remarkable publication will Great industrial cities have been built I fall from the presses during the pres- and mines have been opened, a I ent year in the form of a "Book of middle class having thus arisen. The I Pheasants," concerning game birds in serfs have been emancipated and I general and the pheasant in particular, qualified for citizenship. A restored I It is something far more ambitious Poland In the government of which and extensive than any publication l.H I G TO BE 1 00. On Jan 12 Dexter Capron Stanley, of Downers Grove, a suburb of Chicago, passed his 100th birthday. The occasion sensibilities, w. it v,oo i w ma nuiiaay m tne town. nops. ' lactones and schools were closed. The upon Mrs. "Cyclone" Davis, who, every Mayor led a procession of townsmen, uiuxuiuB, wuuia snea copious tears L including- firemen, unli ri vtv mieu ner iiusuuna appeared with the scouts, in uniform, and the school chil- old gray muffler he had adopted as dren, led by the Superintendent, all a sort of compromise between a collar Passed in review before the aged man. and no collar. Why couldn't ha be .lt Js feoorted that "Mr. Stanley has like nthe-r- mn Tew ..Hu . always lea an upright, industrious life: wL ?Lm! why couldn't he that he never broke any of the ton corn wear a coUar and put a stop to sneers mandments and that he never 'used and laughter? Thla from Mrs. Davis, either tobacco or spirits in any form, to the accompaniment of dally bursts To have lived 100 years is an unusual of tears. Davis tells of this himself in accomplishment, but to have lived a explaining his fall from his collarless lifo 80 Justly and so correctly that all plane which has Just been noted by hls neighbors turn out to celebrate the the observant Washington correspond- eJ.ent "er to,h'm loymiy ent Grand Old Man of Downers Grove" is " m, a great honor and a Ufa most worthy xes, be fell. The "Cyclone" was of emulation to those of us who hope tamed; fell a victim to environment for long years of usefulness, and bought a set of tall white collars It is customary to discuss the habits and white shirts iwith pink flowers ot iife ot those who have lived to great on the bosom. In due time, if his eon- agr and ' emphasis is generally laid stitiiAnrs. r,r.r v,. "Pou the habits as to tobacco and all thA riafiRPi wmild havi, a vntm I heretofore attempted on the subject. - w wV w.v .va-uws - - u uvuwu tau uv liuu 4 iui ' ' ' 111 1U1 LUIS I , . . mi. , , would not be open to the same de- The edition will cost 1225,000, we are crasa infidHtv t v,-i,--. ,..,,-. SP1"1- There are instances among the trniiv. .lom.nt, oM Pi.rH tj told 'bv the board of managers of the I .. , " .! .' ' aM WMr tney 001,1 smoKed and . " . . . - - . w ---we win uiosaom lonn la a I drank: As it Is wnll known that tha growing in power, it might prove a New York Zoological Society, under useful buffer between Germany and wnose guidance tha data for lt have Austria on the west and Russia on the been prepared. There will be but 60U east. ets, which will be sold for J 250 a set. But Poland is now repeating, in ag- Naturally, a. work on an obscure sub- gravated form, the experiences of its Ject at such a price iannot hope for earlier history, when armies of all na- popularity, and the surprising thing is tions ravaged it. Its manhood has that it is possible to interest anyone in been drafted into the armies or trans- such a project. Tet assurance is ported into Germany to work factories given that the problem of financing and mines. The rest of its ponula- the edition has been solved. tion is starving and freezing, either I The incident is significant onIy as behind the German lines or on the showing the scope which such Ameri- icy roads leading to Moscow and Petro- I can enterprises may assume. Taken grad. Twelve million people, the rem- in conjunction with the scientific and nant or a. nation, lilt vp their bands research work which is being carried , ..c.t- i ..e,p. throughout th world at the nres. -fcVl i m Hr A l-n i-fa the a"t31- flf WE POINT WITH PRIDE. Pheasants" hints at a broadening The Oreoniat nt with a. fiin, American interest in natural history. approaching chagrin that the Jackson f""? i. 5 .XT, , . . to India, Ceylon and China. Of course, t V avr nicrht Vi a Yr TV n - V valitoKIa and champion of the shining virtues fIrst.hand information in Oregon, of Uoodrow Wilson, has not heeded here th Chlnese and other ,mporte(, certain fervent and expectant sugges- pheasant8 aboundi but doubtless" it tions that the organization place itself d-.Ir4,d to Hv thM h,-. , sentiment and activity in Portland, firmly and unmistakably behind the President and Senator Chamberlain in the Nation-wide issue over pre paredness. The conclusion has been reached that the only reason the Jack son Club has not given voice to a hearty and unreserved commendation is that no one has taken the time or their native country rather than in an adopted home. Once American interests are di verted somewhat more widely from economic into scientific and cultural pursuits, the "Book of Pheasants" leads us to believe that the world will h Mrt Vi, Vi UQ.ilt- thof m trouble to prepare suitable resolutions telll to IoUow , a countTy whJch does u- uittt rauo ilie uresonisa, out UI I thine nn a. hie- sralo rnir. Ita .nti-ros. 9 a. u-air. 10 accuiuniouaio me ddcuuo and Byrnpathies are aroused. uuu ttiiu iu give it. U uuuuriuujijr iu place itself right before the Dubllc. ventures to submit the following reso- pacifists put to co-nETSlOX. lutlons as embodying the true posl- An effective answer to those pad tion of the club: ' I fists who ascribe the movement for Resolved. That the Jackson club, of Port- military nreparedness to a desire of land, ever mindful of tn e manlv spirit, un- I -,,,-i.tr,- ir--,.---. 1 riaunrrd courage and Invincible American-1 x. . . , . , , Ism of its great patron, the "Old Hickory" I Nation In war for their own profit is of our country's patriotic structure approves to be found in the overwhelming vote the brave stand of President Wilson fori- . , r,. . m . preparedness, and for a greater Navy and a I -iuueio ui Lumuicite gi in larger Army, as the only course consistent United States in favor of peaceful th. Democratic naxtv: and b. ii methods for settling International dis- Resolved. That we view with prida and I putes. A referendum vote was taken !VY ?c".OI , .H"u'H,on .Ja by the United States Chamber of Com. expression "too proud to fight": and we merce among 282 local chambers in aver our solemn opinion that he never said forty states, the District of Columbia it: and that If he said lt, he didn't mean It; .. . and lr be meant lt, he has chanced his 1 n.oi, s en iu, aiuviicu W1STTER FRESH EGG TRICES GOOD But Correspondent Fl lames Storage Men for Low Spring Market. CHEHALIS, Wash.. Jan. 2. (To the Editor.) I note in The Oregonian that Mr. McClanahan claims Chinese eggs are slowly ruinino: the poultry Indus' tries of Oregon. Statistics will show more Chinese eggs are imported into Washington, but a very small propor' tion of our consumers will use them at any price, and still less are used in Oregon. . January 1 to 18, 1912, we sold our eggs at 40c; January 19 to 31, at Sac January 1 to 10, 1913, at 40c, and Janu ary 11 to 31, at 35c; January 1 to 1 1914, at 40c, and January 16 to 81, at 35c; January 1 to January 6, 1915, at 4sc, and January 7 to IT, at 35c; Janu ary 8 to February 11, 1915, at 30c; Janu ary 1 to 6, 1916, at 40c; January 7, 90 dozen at 38c, and January 8 to 24. at 35 cents. W produce over 100,000 eggs a year and the market is growing faster than the supply. The Oregonian January 23 quotes a good wholesale demand in San Francisco for fresh eggs at 37 cents, pullets' eggs. 36 cents. The Breeders' Gasette, of Chicago. January 20, 1916, quotes eggs wnolesale, 90 per cen fresh, at 3614 cents and 37 cents.' W do not see how the progressive poultry man or ine jfacifio Northwest has any thing to fear from old Chinese eggs, for none of their customers will buy them at any price. our worst menace is the cold-storage speculators, who write so much of Chi nese eggs that we see so little of. Right now they are offering their best storage eggs in this city at it cents a dozen to hurry prices down to their storage basis. They have such a united power that grocers, small dealers and growers have not seemed able to pre vent very low early Spring prices in past years. But prospects are far better this year. L&8t Spring many housekeepers of this county each bought from 30 to 60 dozen t-piKetail possibly set off with red use 06 either tobacco or liquor can do tie ana tan shoes, as in the case of the I no real good, it must.be inferred that C ...... I'm m I fhtita rr a Vi i .to. 11vi4 T rn cr a n ri rfn. Utah. Joe Bailey became a regular tinued their use lived in spite of them fre?nv clean unwashed infertile eggs, T . . . ey oecarae a regular ,., , and at once preserved them for Winter f ?L Z, Je?7t'0nment It would brinresting and instruc- H?e- After keeping them several months r " r 1 V" ' " " uecu tive to know what Mr. Stanley's phvsi- ""u ".. . eiiayc. ir un reported that "Sockless Jerry" Simp- caj equipment was to start with. Was f? than rtJee eggs. It looks now as if we would have orders for 30,000 to 50,000 to preserve for Winter. If other communities follow this plan country? What was his height and "dth"i".mul cfi'lin: Jj. K. COGSWELL. son was wearing silk encasings for his he born of-bealthy and rugged parents? netner extremities before the end. How were his childhood and boyhood So it is not altogether improbable spent? Was he raised, in the city or that buncharrass Texans will find country? What was his height and th.mlv ) rf ti , ...., weight and what his chest and waist 'SZZ.Jl..-'? -.rSlZ.. .', by a monocle-wearing, cane-carrying. H did h f" , vo.h M 'to th- argest and best egg markets for 1916 cigarette-smoking dandy, the product contagious diseases of childhood? Did ,n " enure nlst0Try' ot vapitaa environment. 1 he have scarlet fever, diphtheria, mea- nUwuV.Us "".--, w . This correspondent fails to grasp The Democratic judiciary commit- - .t- "JZ,7rr what has been repeatedly stated tee of the Democratic House, com- im.,i, ,ti,.io, a a 1 Chinese eggs do not compete with posed,, like most committees of that (never indulged in vicious practices. hefr8sh eggs in Winter. They compete august body, of Southern chivalry, suffered none of the diseases of vice with storage eggs. Local storage eggs would save women from the defiling that are somewhat a large factor in touch of politics, but cannot save the shortening life. As he had no temper women delegates who appeared be- amMlt tor excesses, lt is fair to assume fore it urging the Susan B. Anthony 5e,diLnf vtrk;trajL tntwa i.iCuuwcub iiuiu 1.110 UCii.ii.s jiiBiiiu- vereiy at the vitality of those so in- ttnuna ana Doonsziness oz sucn Knignts I clined as Messrs. Webb, of North Carolina, I There are a goodly number of men and Taggart, of Kansas. For rude I and women who live 100 years, and it are bought in the Spring, and the price at which they will sell in competition with Chinese eggs later in the year necessarily affects the price the farmer Is paid for them when fresh. The cor respondent complains of low Spring prices. Let him look into the Chinese g competition as well as cold storage heckling Taggart bears the pennant appears that there are more women combinations for the trouble. The iin- H Viari r,n rosiinHnn that ha than men who live so long. Good phy- Bitttnir am . .imrT,irt.,.mon h i sical development to start with Is es- that he must wreak vengeance for the S" JS " ZUlLl'LrS?- portations are large. Somebody using and paying for Chinese eggs. Is chambers in Berlin and Milan, Six propositions were submitted and the vote was favorable on each one by an Immense majority. American initiative for conferences of neutral nations on rules for protection of life and property at sea was advocated by 763 to 29. An international court for settlement of disputes received mind. Be lt also Resolved. That we point with particular pride to the magnificent record of genuine Americanism made by our Senator, Hon. Oeorse E. chamberlain, who, as chairman of the Senate military affairs committee, has given effective support to the great prin ciple of preparedness as exemplified by our heroic leader, "Woodrow Wilson; and we especially commend, as a necessary founda tion for the formation of a large volunteer army, the model scheme of conscription of eligible young Americans as formulated and championed by Senator Chamberlain; and 753 votes to 21, and a council of Con Resolved, That wa deprecate and de- cillation for settlement of non-jus- nounce as the expressions of a timid and I tlciable Questions received 744 to ZS doubtful loyalty to our flar and our instl- jv - vote of E56 to 1S7 It was resolved tutlons the peace-at-any-prios demands of f - u A? . I f. 1, our white-livered statesmen who are not that the United States should take the wiStaimnVrSi-TSS 1 1" , lead ln agreeing with other nations to Wilson lan HemocraUJ and we invite them . , to enlist under a banner which fittingly exert economic pressure on any nation symbolises the iul"y of their American- which makes war without Submitting . a disnuta to either of these courts. If there is anything wrong with the By ,452 to 249 it was voted that, if resolutions, win me jacKson uuo such nressure failed, the United States kindly point out what is the matter? MARINO MEDItTNE. Last September the Portland Jour nal informed its readers with consid erable heat that the land-grant con ference in its resolutions "has played the railroad game, has played the tim ber baron's game." It now tells its readers that in passing the resolution. "the land-grant conference reflected the wishes of A. Walter Xafferty." which leaves us all mixed up as to whose interests the land-grant confer ence was trying to serve. Lafferty was there, it is true, representing about six ty-five impecunious individuals who had applied for tracts in the grant but to whom the railroad company had re fused to sell. But from the Septem ber files of the same interesting and esteemed authority it is learned that the conference was "led by a gang of irresponsible politicians dominated by kept' agents of the corporations." the tajiiu or -t;i;MJ5" ijavis. Is lt not possible that some news- I Sociologists .. who have contended papers have adapted to civilization a I that man, ln common with the lizard primitive American industry? The In-1 is certain to take on the hues of his dlan medicine man, when anything environment may find fresh support got wrong with the hunt or the for their views in the conduct of "Cy. lnsidea of a brother, went out and I clone" Davis, who represents one of vigorously assailed the evil spirits, for the bunchgrass sections of Texas in which he received the thanks and ad- the National Legislature. The change miration of the simple savage. Ithat. Washington environment has Nobody now takes stock in primitive I effected ln the nature of "Cyclone" mythology but there are ogres of dem- supports a deduction that man is agogy who are blamed for all political I hopelessly the victim of his surround and economical troubles and get the lngs. editorial bludgeon right where the Back in those days when the pic- should lead in using' concerted mill tary force against such a recalcitrant nation. Only thirteen votes were cast against international conferences at stated times to amend international law, while 768 were cast in their favor. The measures proposed would go far to prevent, if not to abolish, war, The manufacturers of war munitions are surely very influential in the var ious chambers and, if they had op posed these measures, such over whelming majorities would n5t have been recorded. ine vote proves that such men are not seeking to enrich themselves by promoting war. The charge that the demand for 'mili tary preparedness springs from a pur pose of these men to promote war for their selfish ends is disproved by this vote.. It is a slander which could spring " only from the evil minds of political Pharisees. red man's evil spirits once suffered the blows of incantation. The situa tion concerning the land-grant resolu tion would be clarified if the Journal would say when it la trying to. talk turesque "Cyclone" was engaged in beguiling a bewhiskered constituency into sending him to the Capital he took a terrible oath. Never would he forsake the primitive pride and dig- sense and when lt is merely "making nky ofthe sagebrush country by wear- .. . .. lino- o n-VilA nnllar nnA "hllod" nt-t mtaicina. - I -' - io, never: xnis was a sort or pnn- in . 1 Til Q n If (n hi, nlBtfnm ariM n doubt, served to reassure a rural neo- When a Millet shows us the pathetic pie who felt a natural suspicion of poverty of French peasants gleaning any creature so effeminate as to be- a few handfuls of grain from the har- deck himself in ornate finery. Having vested neias we merely associate sucn I been reared ln this frontier section, things with distant Europe. Gleaners I "Cyclone" probably felt the same con. would be able to find a more kindly tempt for the niceties of convention- lot here. Vv 1th that thought we ailevi- n will be recalled that his illustrious ate the pangs of pity and compassion predecessor in the National legislative that must reach one who stands be- halls, Joe Bailey, swore never to wear fore Millet's peasantry. a swallow-tailed suit Tet the "Man With the Hoe" and Hence, having been duly elected on The Gleaners" are bright figures a collarless and 'biled" shirtless plat- compared with the gleaners of the form, "Cyclone" Davis hied to Wash Philadelphia 'Stockyards as described ington in a flannel shirt with a be by the press of that city. Women fitting contempt for Congressional bearing pails creep into the stockyards dandies who patronized haberdasher- on the Schuykill during the night to ies and tailors. Far from being em milk the cows .that are being held for barrassed, it is recorded that "Cy slaughter. An order against these en. clone" was proud of his distinctive croachmenta has failed -to atop the ness in a city where he was the one practice, for they crawl Into the yards, public figure that snapped a finger at unforgivable sin that women had dared to oppose his re-election. "Yes. temnorntn in all thlne-a is smother as- 'suh. by jove, suh, Southern chivalry sentia I. A life Wpent in the open air. is in the saddle, suh, and it will save especially in childhood. Is another es Its wimmln. suh. from the nollution sential. An even disposition that for- of nolitics imn " I bids fretting and worry is another. iWHSUuiiuis SLULiviLy, wiui ei pui puoe 1U life, but without an overweening am- lessness cannot live 100 years. To be I OCR RIGHT TO SELL MUNITIONS Embargo Now Would not Properly Dis charge Onr Neutral Responsibilities - From the Youth's Companion. Munitions of war are a recognized article ' of international commerce. With such testimony as that of Dr. biti'on to have more than a fair share Every monufacturing nation sells them ,, """vwc, i ..iii..- - " ever thought of forbidding their sale Atte VflJlev fln-v fiber tn cmv of Hut In I s I . L , . 0 . . . J i . . i except to reoeis wno are iryinfr to Reducing Weight. overthrow a friendly eovernment. A M. J. Q. writes: "Will you kindly nation that is debarred bv the sea the United States there should be no hesitation among farmers about grow, ing more flax nor among state" offi cials about preparing lt for market at the penitentiary. If President Wilson forces fection on the Colombian treaty, he will fur nish his opponents with another issue. He insists on apology and .125,000,000 from the United States to Colombia, but cannot extort even an apology from the murderers of Americans at sea and ln Mexico. give me some assistance so that I may I power of its enemy from buying arms reduce my weight? I am 5 feet 2 inches and weigh 135 pounds. Most all my fat Is in hips and thighs and legs, as my upper body is not unusually developed Prominent hips make it somewhat hard for me to get around quickly. I eat everything. Will you prescribe some exercises or diet for me: My worK is such that I must look well to be kept at it and at present I am conspicuous. 'I thank you for your daily sugges- might with equal reason protest against our selling cotton or wheat or shoes or oil or meat; and that, as we can all see, would be absurd. Le gally, therefore, there is no excuse for an embargo on ammunition. Such an embargo would not be truly impartial, for in laying it we should be changing the conduct of this. neutral nation because the fortunes of war had placed one of the belligerents at a dis The invasion of Mexico y officers and men in attempt to rescue two American soldiers was unsuccessful and disastrous, hence Government must take cognizance. The affair showed the Funston spirit, however, and the commanding General will not be harsh. tions. Theyare Instructive. I preserve 'advantage in our .markets. We should be denying to the belligerent who had fairly won the advantage the right to use it. That would not be strict neu trality. But, the argument then runs, it is not a legal, but a moral question; we ought not to traffic in instruments of death. "We," the Nation, are npt do ing so; individual business men are. Shall the Government forbid them to many of them." REPLY. To begin with, yon are not very much over-weight. Try .eating less. Eat your heaviest meals at breakfast and luncheon. your lightest meal ln he evening. Eat I sparingly of white bread and white potatoes. pastries and any sweet foods. Get plenty of outdoor exercise. Accustom yourself to tak ing a cold bath each morning as soon as you get up. Precede the bath by a few mo- ?,"'5' J'lJlJu St'T'u01 carry on a business that the world rec binff with a rough towel. Serbia would be better off as a Ger man dependency, with a son of the Kaiser as King, than as an independ ent monarchy, subject to buffeting as the whim seizes Czar or Kaiser; but there is Great Britain to reckon with. The woman on trial for murder at Ge to a Specialist, Mrs. L. M. writes: "I have a boy 12 years of age who can t hear very well out of one ear. Also his nose always seems clogged up. Vt ill you kindly give tnat may De used to make explosives? vna v.ml. .11, -w.i, -, ikla mottar?" 1 . - . . . moreover, ii we reiuse to sen ammu nition to others, we cannot expect to ognizes as legitimate? If it does so, is it not equally bound to prevent them from selling motor trucks that will carry ammunition to the front and gasoline to run them or shoes and shirts to clothe the soldiers, or food stuffs to keep them alive, or cotton In tther Days. Twenty-five Years Ago. From Tffs Oregonian of January 1S3U Springfield. 111.. Jan. 27. After the 87th ballot for United elates Senator was taken without result, the Joint aes sicm adjourned until noon tomorrow. President Hill, of the Great North ern, sailed from New York yesterday for Europe, presumably to neawtiate loan for the completion of -the Pacific Coast extension of his road. E. Heroy. an usher ln the Tavlorx street Methodist Episcopal Church, spoken of in Tha Oregonian Thursday as having been stricken with apoplexy. is growing steadily worse He was so feeble yesterday that he could not speak. President Oeborn. of the Chamber of Commerce, has sent up to &alem a reso lution prepared in the form of a Joint resolution from the House and the Senate indorsing the Nicaragua Canal bill and asking its passage at the hands of Congress. The insurance adjusters are at work on the Unitarian Church estimating the loss incurred by the fire in the tower last (Saturday afternoon. From the class and Conduct reports of the semi-annual examination held, at the United States Military Academy it is learned that Cadet William B. La- due, of the fourth class, son of William iv. Ladue, president of the Flmt Na tional Bank of Salem, has distinguished the state by attain Ine the bead of hla class, being first in all subjects. Mr. Corbett. who has a contract or boring a well for supplying tho water ln the new- Oregonian building, haa erected a derrick and will soon begin the work of boring. Half a Century Ago. From The Oreconlan of January ;s, JS0j Ex-President Pierce was lately ban tized and confirmed in the Episcopal Church at Concord, N. H. The will of the late Joseph E. Wor cester, lexicographer, provides that the University library shall bo presentedl witn all his English dictionaries and, glossaries not already In its possession. The copyright of his quarto dictionary he gives to the American Btblo So ciety and the Peace Society. The second grand concert of tha . Fourteenth Infantry Band will come off this evening ot the Willamette Theater. The box office will be open from 10 o'clock until 4. Brigadier-General Wade, son of the Ohio Senator, has started, with an ex pedition for the plains, composed of the Fifth and Sixth United .States col ored cavalry. John M. Robinson, who arrived fronn Montana last Saturday, has exhibited to us some magnificent specimens tak en from his placer claim on McClellan, Gulch last season. One of these speci mens is valued at 3319. SO and the others! from S60 to $150. We learn from Captain Kern that th search for Mr. Simpson, engineer of the General Grant, who wan lost while hunting on Puget Sound during the late cold weather, was unsuccessful. me your advice on this matter REPLY. 1. Deafness such as you describe Is, Providence says she received many os' caaes- tne ,5Ult. of a cJ,TO'c Inrectl0, . ., 7 . , . ii. !o' the ear, resulting from adenoids or nasal DeauiiBa irooi.nsr nusuauu, yet "e obstruction and infected tonsils. The nose loved him notwithstanding, and that Is and throat must be cared for properly, so Just like woman. Poor Bob White! Not much will he "whistle from the fence in the or chard yonder" next Spring. From all parts of the state come reports of dis aster. . ' ' in buy it When our own turn comes. If we should succeed in establishing any such principle of international law. every nation would have to Increase its means of manufacturing guns and am munition until lt was equal to turning out at any moment all the material it might ever need. The temporary di version of English and French and that tho source of the trouble is removed. then the ear treated. There are cases ln which unilateral deafness is the result of a hereditary constitutional disease. The spe cialist can distinguish between this and tha otner lorm, ana must ao so, as me treat-I A ironworks to the mimnui menu are entirely different. Tou should American lronworKs to the purposes take your child to a specialist at once for examination. He is entitled to this amount of early consideration. Another limit is to be put on the production of the Berlin breweries and the Teuton -at home will know how his klnfolk abroad feel about it. All cannot- go to farthest Alaska, where the children are running bare foot in -January- Staying here and "wearing shoes is good enough.. Sbould Make Sure. Mrs. F. A. G. writes: "Would it be asking too much of you to answer a couple of questions? In what way would a growth of polypus, 'not nasal. affect would be. too, or more so. I should like Te?U 1 ?jtner toward peace or to satisfv a. nartv on that nninl tha.- if I J ' - Dcl rv of war would become -permanent. Whether that would be a movement In the direction of peace let any intel ligent man say. Every American would welcome an understanding between the nations that would make war Impossible and destroy the business ef munitions making forever. Meanwhile, an em bargo on the exportation of arms would HUSBANDS FOR SUBSTITUTE I.1SU Sarcasatic Writer Proposes Way to Alt! Married Teachers. PORTLAND, Jan. 27. (To tho Edi tor.) Once again we hear the contem plated chimes of wedding bells tmon the belles of -Portland's guides. Now, why the whenceness of this seeming popularity among our city's pedagogical ranks? Is it really true that leap year's possibilities are harass ing man to such an extent that he finds himself totally unable to withstand the onslaught? What Is the aim of matrimony, any way? In olden times before the day f Mrs. Sanger such affairs were un dertaken with .an ambition for true home-making. Has this old earth changed to mean little but money-get- ting? Perhaps it is true that acceptable men of today are not willing to shoul der home responsibilities, but insist that "wifie," who pledges for better or pr worse, retain her position in order that he, the lord of creation, 'may lin ger along Easy street Since silently, one by one. real men are becoming school-boarders, would it not be a pious notion for the powers that be to place the school ma'am'a husband on the substitute list in order that no loss can be suffered in their pay check? Seems to the writer, if the man is si real man, he will see greater happi ness for himself, by insisting that the fair one resign her school position. By so doing she gives a square deal to some one less favorably situated than herself. Lives there a man with soul so dead. Who always to himself hath said: My wife shall earn our daily bread? , ME. they had polypus they would know It." REPLY. One might have piles or a polypus and not have pain. If you suspect that you are If all the women compelled to build troubled with either you should have an ex- our best . Interests as a Nation nor properly discbarge our responsibilities as a neutrol power. the fires were to seek decrees there would be Innumerable Joyous sur prises revealed. - - It is now in order for Britain to relieve the army that was sent to re lieve the force besieged at Kut-el- Amara. aminatlon made either to confirm or to re fute your suspicions. This is the only way you can put your mind at ease. Obligations In Naval Militia. PORTLAND, Jan. 27. (To the Edi tor.) Please print the obligations one is under in Joining the naval militia. A READER. Injurious. L. A. W. writes: "1. Is it injurious to take nil vomica three times a day for anv trreat neriod of time, and nhni. phorua for nerves three times daily? for period of two years upon a-call The recruit takes an oath to serve the state and the Federal Government There is work for Portland lumber mills and factories in building port able houses for the homeless of Eu rope. .-' Does it harden the arteries?" REPLY, 1. .Tea.- 2. No. . .. Mr. Winch's Beanest to School. PORTLAND, Jan. 27. (To the Edi tor.) In the will of the -late Martin from the Governor or the President. Attendance at drilla Is required for a period of about one and one-half hours one night each week for from 40 to 44 weeks in the year, and for a period of from two to three weeks each Sum mer upon annual cruise. Sufficient at tendance at the state rifle range to enable him to qualify with the small supply of German Princes holds out. I significance for other citizens of Port- I arms is also required. The recruit Id land who may be concerned in "tbt LmnniiiT resnnnsibla for Government Just as well the month is,soon to J. " ZV" Z ul au- or state equipment issued to him. end, for more snow in January has T r- " ' , atate of Oregon, la their capacity a such directors, the sum of $0000 to b tieed by There will be no shortage ot Kings J- Cwhodlea December ttew for the Balkan states as long as the lpears a paragraph fraught with deep The submarine reaper should be-DUt them in -furtherance of the teaching of do- to work nn tha knln beds of tha Or- i mestlc saience and manual training. I am to worn on tne Keip Deas 01 tne ure-1 fuUy awar that thl, but a trifling sum gon coast. as compared with the requirements for these purposes, but I believe that the studies whlirh T have mentioned are of paramount Since Oregon flax is the best in the Importance in the training of children; and ,.r ,,,.1, . o-, .uin.. having in view tna iuiure nappmess ana along? welfare of mankind, I accordingly make this DsQUesx in tne nope tna-i it may stimulate others to extena -aio. in ma same direction. Mr. Winch's bequest is most signifi cant because of the' thought it pro vokes: Suppose every good citizen should express, ln as- practical a way. bis belief in some worthy movement ln education or social service. Frequent examples of such keen per sonal responsibility for the further ance of Important educational move- British labor Is willing to fight, 'but I ments would result in Portland coming Red and white are to be the Rose Festival colors and nobody will be blue. Just now the good man falls, -but the "sinners stand in slippery places. bjects to being driven. to be looked upon as an- ideal city in which to rear a family. L. Q. M. TheBattling Nelsons are at it again, this time to a finish. ' Tea Sextmion. PORTLAND, Jan. 27. (To the Edi tor.) Please write out the' following Wrangles give aid and comfort to J number: 10,000,000,000.000,000,00 0,000. the enemy. 1 - livOIUUTtman, Plan to Finance Railroad. SALEM. Or.. Jan. 26. (To the Edi tor.) I submit herewith a plan to ri nance and build the Oregon Central & Eastern Railroad: 1. The benefited cities will incor porate under the laws of Oregon as a central corporation to oe locatea in Portland, with a capital of J6.000.000. 2. The benefited cities will issue bonds and subscribe in proportion to the benefits secured, for the stock of the central corporation. S. Then central corporation will hold these bonds as collateral security and Issue an equal amount of 5 per cent bonds ln denominations of 5 and up. 4. These bonds will be placed on sale in the banks of Oregon and sold direct to the people. W. D. SMITH. 1765 Center sfc Honeymoon Is Over. Birmingham Age-Herald. Grocer The honeymoon is over in the house on the hill. Assistant How do you know. Grocer the bride has Juat 'phoned n an order lor onions. Why S. O. S." la Used. MONROE, Or., Jan. 26. (To the EdJ tor.) Please tell me why the letters O. ." are used as the distress call at sea. Are they Morse code? IRA E. BRADLEY. . The letters "S. O. S." are used as the wireless distress call because they are probably the mast distinct and quickly dispatched letters that could be grouped, into a signal. "C. Q. D.." the old signal, was less distinct and longer. The letters mean nothing as a word or coda. The operator flashes "S. O. S." by three dots, three dashes and three dots ln a row. "C. Q. D." when flashed is a dash, dot, dash, dot, two dashes, dot and dash, and a dash and two dots. The difference Is evident. The wireless operators use what is known as the Continental code, al though "S" in the Morse coda also is three 60ta. TO THIS OARJTIVAIi OF ROSES. "For you a rose in Portland grows" J A place to be adored; Each coming guest shall have tha best The city can afford. "For you a rose in Portland grows"; You'll find it at the fair. Then, to the town of great renown. And win a welcome there! "For you a rose in Portland grows"; The place is yours, and mine! Prepare for this, and do not miss June seven, eight and nine. RUFUS AMES. Not to Be Missed. Judge. Wife We must surely go to Egypt this year. Husbanil Why Egypt? Wife On account of those Pyramids. I 8ee by this magazine they are slowly wasting away. It would hardly do to miss 'em. His Chanees to Live. Judge. Patient (mourinfully) I'm afraid. doctor, from what you've said there's very little hope for me. The Specialist Nonsense! If you survive the experiments I'm going to make on you, you may live tor. months,