8
THE MORNING OREGONIAX, SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 6, 1915.
mxmx
PORTLAND, OREGON. '
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PORTLAND, SATURDAY, NOV. 6. 1915,
BRYAN AX WAR WITH lYTLSON.
president Wilson's appeal to the
country for support of his National
defense programme and W. J. Bryan'
denunciation of that programme mark
a linal breach between the two Demo
cratic leaders. The President has
definitely committed himself to the
policy of preparing the Nation, to de
fend Itself. Mr. Bryan condemns this
policy as "a departure from our tra
ditions, a reversal of our National pol
Icy, a menacs to our peace and safety,
a challenge to the spirit of Christian
ity."
Mr. Bryan's declaration forecasts a
determined fight by his supporters in
Congress against the defense pro
gramme. It Is probable that only a
minority of the Democrats will follow
him, but he will almost certainly find
enough support to prevent the Presi
dent from carrying out his plans with
the aid of Democratic votes alone.
Mr. Wilson will be dependent on Re
publican votes. The Republicans,
however- may well offer an alterna
tive programme, for the Wilson plan,
though a vast improvement on our
present naval and military position,
is open to much criticism and can be
much Improved. Since the President
will not be able to secure the adoption
of any plan without Republican help,
It will be incumbent upon . him to
compose his differences with his po
litical opponents.
By making war on the leader of his
party, as he did In 1896, Mr. Bryan
is extremely likely once more to wreck
the Democracy. He will rally to him
in Congress all the ultra-pacifists and
those beneficiaries of the pork barrel
who do not relish seeing the barrel
emptied for the sake of National
defense. All the sentimental dream-
ts who have been deluded by
his platitudes will shout for him. He
will be able to organize a following
which, though too weak to obtain con
trol of the party, will be strong
enough to cause a serious breach in
Its ranks.
The Bryan-Wilson split will have
an important effect on the President's
chance of re-election. The Commoner
has for years favored a single Presi
dential term and caused the insertion
of a single-term plank In the Balti
more platform. The President has
studiously avoided Indorsing that
plank. His attitude is explained by
David Lawrence in an article in Col
lier's Weekly. He holds that the
Democratic party must decide wheth
er that principle shall be observed in
1916 or not. Mr. Lawrence says that
Jn a letter to Representative A. M.
Palmer, written during the Interval
between his election and his Inaugu
ration, "Mr. Wilson declared himself
perfectly willing to accept the judg
ment of the Democratic party and the
Public as to whether or not he should
be a candidate for re-election." In
other words, the Democratic party,
having pledged him to the principle,
can set aside the pledge.
One cannot expect that Mr. Bryan
will accept this explanation. When
he sees Mr. Wilson's friends work
lng for the latter's renomination, he
will regard them as acting for Mr.
Wilson and will brand their action as
a violation of the platform pledge. If
the President shall be renominated
Mr. Bryan may give him formal sup
port, but all that the Nebraskan has
said about National defense and about
the single term may then be quoted
with telling effect, and the breach in
the party ranks will continue scarcely
hidden. The career which he beean
as a wrecker of his party would fitly
close in the same manner. We say
"close" advisedly, for the Commoner's
pacifist following would be of small
political consequence after the elec
tion.
NOT A REVENUE TARIFF.
A significant point In the bulletin
of the Commerce Department on for
eign commerce for September Is the
statement that "duty-free Imports
comprised 71.6 per cent of the total
imports for September, 1915, and 61
per cent of those of September, 1914."
The bulletin says this "increased per
centage this year reflects the marked
prrowth in imports of factory mate
rials, mostly on the free list."
That increased percentage also ex
Plains the growing deficit in revenue.
The nations which 'usually compete
with the United States in manufac
tures have turned the attention of
most of their skilled workmen to
lighting. They buy an increased pro
portion of manufactured goods from
the United States, while this country
uses more domestic and less imported
manufactures of the character which
pays heaviest duties. Hence there is
a serious loss of customs revenue.
Foreign nations, however, export more
raw material for use by our manufac
turers. There results an increase of
more than ten per cent In duty-free
imports and a corresponding decrease
of dutiable imports.
The Underwood tariff Is called a
tariff for revenue. The facts we have
cited prove that it is not. Had it
been so, small duties, purely for reve
nue purposes, would have been im
posed on the 71.6 per cent of our
imports which were admitted free. A
duty of only five per cent on such
commodities would not have percep
tibly raised the price of the finished
rroduct into which these raw mate
rials entered, but would have added
much to the revenue. With such a
dutj-, increased revenue on larger im
ports of raw material would have gone
far to compensate for decreased reve
nue on smaller imports of manufac
tures. In their rage against protec
tion of any except certain favored in
dustries, the Democrats confined the
tariff to so small a class of commodi
ties that the first serious disturbance
of world commerce caused it to fail of
Its pretended purpose raising of
revenue.
Had the tariff-makers' itttads been.
centered on revenue instead of being
diverted, to the ulterior purposes of
striKing down some - industries and
protecting others, they would have
spread their duties more thinly over
a wider range of commodities. Then
an excess over their estimates of reve
nue on some commodities would have
compensated for a deficiency on other
commodities, and they. , would have
been "playing safe."
' The Underwood tariff is- proved by
experience not to be a revenue tariff.
The Baltimore platform promised a
revenue tariff. One more of its planks
is smashed by Its builders.
THE ALTERNATIVE.
The Oregonian observes without
surprise or other emotion that one of
the local organs of opinion which has
long been clamorous for common ter
minal rates for Astoria now protests
against any suggestion or demand that
Portland should not forever be left
tree to "take advantage of its loca
tion." "In the campaign for Astoria
rates," it is said, "there are those who
have lost their moorings. They pro
pose that Portland should make a
pledge never to seek lower rates.
it seems to The Oregonian that
.Portland's first duty to Astoria and
with every other neighbor is to be
honest Any pretense that the port
of Portland is for common rates for
Astoria, coupled with a mental reser
vation that it is not for common
rates, but for lower rates for Port
land, is not honest.
The rate campaltro is Bomlnallv
that Astoria shall have eaulvalnnt
rates with the ports of Puget Sound.
jut tne Puget Sound rates and the
Portland rates are the same. The As
toria contention is, therefore, in fact,
that it be on a parity with Pueet
Sound and with Portland." To declare
otherwise is either to deny the facts
or to admit that Portland is entitled
to have, and is free to demand, lower
rates than any other Northwest port.
ir Astoria is prepared to acceDt the
latter alternative, the way to an un
derstanding with Portland ought to toe
quite easy.
BREAKING BREAD WITH MURPHY.
The observing reporter of the Asso
ciated Press who attended the cere
monies at the Manhattan Club in New
York Thursday night, when President
Wilson definitely committed himself
to a policy and a programme of mili
tary preparedness, noted that "just
before the dinner the President shook
hands with all the guests, including
Charles F. Murphy."
Including Charles F. Murphy. Ah,
yes. This is the same Murphy who
had made himself odious to the virtu
ous captain of the Democratic team.
as he proudly calls himself, by his
practical political methods in his
control 'of Tammany Hall. He is the
same Murphy whom Bryan bitterly
attacked at Baltimore in 1912, and he
is leader of the same Tammany which
has not heretofore got along well with
.President Wilson.
But lately there has been a chanre.
the President has been mellowine-.
jfcie has appointed a Tammany man to
a oo which is the only way to reach
Tammany's heart and he has simi
larly honored two friends of Senator
O'Gorman.
We seem to recall that in the Fall
of 1910 Theodore Roosevelt made a
great sensation by refusing to attend
a dinner at Chicago, given to him by
the Hamilton Club as the guest of
honor, unless Senator Lorimer were
excluded. The invitation to Lorimer
was withdrawn. We have not heard
that Roosevelt has since broken bread
with the infamous Lorimer.
How is it that President Wilson
now seems to be quite unable to see
the protruding horns and forked tall
and cloven hoofs of the bad Murphy?
SOCIAL HYGIENE IN OREGON.
No work that is now being done for
the welfare of the State of Oregon
exceeds in importance that of the
Oregon Social Hygiene Societr. It
may seem a sweeping statement, but
it is warranted by the great social im
provement which the society has be
gun and is continuing with all the
mental and moral energies of a body
of Oregon's best and highest-minded
citizens and by the gravity of the evils
they combat. The society is making
uccessful war on a class of disease
which destroys or impairs the health
of both men and women and of their
children also. It seeks to impart
moral strength to the individual by
spreading correct knowledge about
the relations of the sexes and by build
ing up a character, which will resist
temptation to abuse those relations.
The society has gone wisely about
performance of a most delicate and
difficult task. Public discussion of
sex has been avoided for generations
as something to be shunned as shame
ful, although the function of trans
mitting life to a new generation
should be regarded as sacred. Since,
rightly exercised, it perpetuates the
race, and since, wrongly exercised, .it
destroys the race, this function must
be most carefully guarded against
buse, and to that end is a subject for
most careful instruction. Until the
Oregon Society and similar organiza
tions in other states undertook this
work, nothing had been done except
that the law harried the female vic
tims of social neglect.
Tie highest wisdom has been
shown by the Social Hygiene Society
ln its reliance on education and per
suasion to effect reform. Its annual
report shows that it regards legal
compulsion as a poer means to combat
evil. The worst enemy of sexual nur-
ity is the impure manner in which
knowledge is covertly conveyed to the
young. The most prolific breeder of
disease growing from irregularity is
ignorance of its nature and that re
luctance to consult, a reputable physi
cian -which sends men and women to
quacks and quack remedies. By de
livering addresses at many towns to
Id and young, by exhibits, by circu
lars and placards and by house-to-
ouse canvass, the society has spread
correct knowledge among many thou
sands and thus armed them for their
own protection against vice and its
enalty disease.
The most difficult part of the so
ciety's work is the education of the
young, who have reached the crit
ical period of transition from youth
to manhood and womanhood. As Dr.
Balliet said at the recent meetinsr:
Sex education, like all education, is
larger thing than mere instruction."
Undoubtedly it is the duty of parents
o instruct their children on this sub
ject, but too many parents are dis
qualified .through ignorance, and need
instruction themselves, though they
may develop In their children the
character by which knowledge will
be rightly applied. Other parents
have so vicious a view of sex as to be
Incapable of conveying knowledge
without their own taint of morals.
Public instruction in the schools seems
to be the only means of teaching the
young, but this should noj be sivea
witnout the parents' consent. The
reaainess with which mothers hay
consented to such instruction shows
that few obstacles will be encountered
Only toy degrees can sex instruction
be made general in the schools, for
" uaitners tnemseives need teach
ing, being unfamiliar with the subject,
ana in some cases not qualified to
teach it. - Special lectures have been
given by physicians and others in
some schools, and have broutrht rood
results, but it is not desirable that
sex be specialized in this manner. The
mind of a boy or girl should no more
be centered on the sexual organs than
on any other organs of the body, yet
uuu wouia . oe tne result of specializ
ing the subject. Teaching with regard
to sex snouia Do a part of the instruc
tion in biology and physiology, and
tne Training of teachers should be
extended to cover it in that manner.
Oregon may Justly take pride in the
leadership it has taken in this vnrir
for our Social Hygiene Society has
been taken as a model by workers in
the same field in other states. Diffu
sion of knowledge has already done
far more to reduce the ravages of the
social evil than centuries of legal
dragooning have done. Voluntary co
operation of newspapers and of drug
gists combines with correct informa
tion about disease to drive quacks out
of business. By persistent spread of
itnowieage ana by character-bulldine-
sexual vices and their consequences
may be robbed of many a victim. To
make Oregon a clean state in noral
ana pnyslcal health is a noble nmr,i
tion. pursuit of which should never
oe relaxed.
STIMtJXATTNQ THB STORK.
The etork, that recreant bird which
has been all too Inactive these many
years past among the great Nations
of Northern Europe, has just received
inspiration to redoubled activities.
xnere is no longer reason for the
stately bird to stand by on one leg in
that indolence which has been, driving
Lausucians and census takers into
nervous prostration. The Kaiser him
self has intervened and shooed the
stork back onto the job, so that the
world may not continue to race madly
toward depopulation.-
To accomplish this worthy task the
raiser nas taken untov himself a gi
gantic mission. He wili become god
io-tner to every seventh, eighth and
nintn son born in the German em
pire. Heretofore he has elected him-
self godfather of a goodly portion of
his country's children tov thn nis, f
auiniimg sponsor for those who were
born seventh, eighth and ninth, pro
vided the line were uninterrupted by
auveni oi uaugnters.
But now the bars are down Tn
intervention of an Occasions! r. a it chtar
1 , r -
i no longer tne offense of the past.
OLll;n an occurrence will be excused
If not smiled upon. The family will
be permitted this occasional rilvtrsinn
LAfter all. women are not entirely with
out purpose in tne world, and the
birth of an occasional girl should not
De looKed upon too harshly. She may
grow up to be the mother of future
soldiers of future Kaisers. No doubt
Wilhelm has recognized this pleasant
Ifuabiuillty.
SPEEDING.
"He drove himself through, life at
a nign speed, and while he attained
marked success in the business world
had. been in ill health for some time.
funeral notice later." That is the
tragic story, in a few words, written
day after day in real life. We find it
orten in the local news and in the dis
patches. If the end is not death, it
is neivous or physical breakdown.
paralysis or prostration. The victims
continue to multiply regardless of all
warnings. They race ahead in the
face of distress signals until they
ormg up in the cold embrace of death
or physical disaster.
Exceeding the speed limit is a dan
gerous performance. If it is done in
an automobile, the penalty is a small
fine upon detection. If it is himself
that the driver is -forcing ahead more
rapiuiy than nature's regulations per
mit, the maximum penaltv is Rnniicii
Yet the whole number of automobile
speed disasters, large though it may
De, sinKs into insignificance when
compared with the total debits that
may be charged against speeding the
u u man machine. Nor is it the old
and middle-aged who are the sole vic
tims. - Men in the prime are cut down
through crowding their frail bodies
too hard under the lash of arelent-
less win.
Success . is the normal goal of the
normal man and it must be striven
for with energy arid perseverance. The
laggard gets nowhere, and his life
arags its way through a dreary monot
ony which is worse than nonexistence.
But there is a happy medium between
laggard and slave-driver which should
be chosen by every man according to
his needs and limitations. Death is
too great a price to pay for success.
PREPARING FOR PEACE TRADE.
Next in importance to National de
fense, revenue and shipping legisla
tion, comes commercial preparedness
ior peace, in the estimation of Presi
dent Wilson. The effects of the war
on post-bellum commerce are a sub
ject of deep deliberation on the Presi
dent's part, and he has not yet reached
a conclusion. Secretary of Commcmo
Redfield apparently desires anything
uut uinii revision to meet the case and
has joined the Federal Trade Commis
sion in proposing to prevent dumping
by application of the anti-trust laws
against unfair competition, exclusive
selling and any device for monopoly
in any branch of trade.
The President took most decisive
means of letting it be known that he
is not committed to the Redfield pol
icy or any other policy. After an in
terview with the President, Mr. Red
field announced that Mr. Wilson "fa
vorably received" his suggestions.
Promptly Private Secretary Tumulty
stated that Mr. Redfield's opinions
were "purely personal"; that the
President "has not reached any con
clusion"; that he has asked the heads
of departments to report on the situ
ation, and that his mind, "will remain
open until the information is full and
complete." The President is said to
lean toward a revival of the anti
dumping clause of the Underwood
tariff.
As to just what will be the effect
of the war on commerce with this
country when peace is restored, there
is room for more than one opinion
Those who fear dumping predict that
Europe will grind down cost of pro
duction to the minimum and will sell
abroad at any sacrifice in order to re
gain its lost markets. They anticipate
that Germany, for example, will have
accumulated great stores of chemicals
and dyes and will flood our market
with them, to the destruction of our
nascent industries in those lines These
and other newly established industries
should certainly be protected against
such unfair methods.
But as to manufactures in ceneral,
there is no reason to expect that we
snail reel the full weight of foreign
competition until some time after the
war ends. Many great factories must
be changed back from the manufac
ture of war material to that of their
usual commodities. That will take
time. Their labor forces have been
broken up and war will have made
great gaps in the ranks. These must
be reorganized and filled up. Many
factories in the zone of hostilities will
need to be rebuilt. The ravages of
war will have made labor scarce and
in great demand for rebuilding of
ruined towns, railroads, bridges. Only
by degrees can Industries be restored
to full producing capacity. The re
duced SUPDlV Of labor- i-nmh0J vl,k
active demand, high taxes and high
w uving, may cause wages to be
high. How staggering will be the load
of taxes may be inferred
timate of a high British authority that
ii. me war continues a year and a half
interest on the new debt will equal
the entire peace budget. Money also
will be scarce and in c-rnat
so that interest will be high.
While the European manufacturers
will undoubtedly apply their every en
ergy to recovery of their lost trade
they will be able to do so only by de
grees, and when ihoi,
- uutucas ia re
established and adapted to the new
tuuons, tney may find themselves
in a far wnnan - .
i""-"'u i-tmpeie
with American manufacturers than
they were in before the war. As to
certain industries in which they have
long excelled and in which Americans
are mere beginners, they may still
have a decided advantage. In such
cases Government assistance in some
form mav ha n o,-, ...
American rivals on their feet.
tne case is one for close study of
events as they develop.. That study
canot be given by any department of
the Government as a mere side Issue
to its regular activities; it is a task
ra Permanent commission, which
shall pursue It irrtin...,,.i7,
commercial welfare may, and prob-
" " ' ""Jre a larger measure of
protection to some industries than
I - otners may need
less and some no . protection at all.
w-hlt r""""sslon should determine
. " i- protection is needed
in each case anil ehni - ,.
icyun to uon-
fZTZ' Aion on it! reports should be
v. ' irreparable injury may
not be done, for th I
merclal conditions will be rapid as
Wft rriM onA ili .e
c ouuq tiling's.
Great Britain nrltl j
uuiu ho eiecrinn
uiiui alter the war. Which
nt ... "Ciders a good lease
not th- If" 611100 the war "WW
not the slightest nvm.. .
Twenty thousand ,.
h5! T1 the moral tone
numhpp t. i. st ... .. b 1
, '--iutB me situation?
Although
Is hin , m"" " -mpa,gn
smoking, the rriV r?
r, ' ana
pipe escape unscathed.
Plum season '" ne
Wltll K PL rpiWlPtO VienH a.
should really be entered in the column
-"""" tu democratic politics.
Now the Gi-oclr r.,Kn. i
. . wu,uoi uaa re-
"esigningr would seem to con
stitute the principal function of Euro
a.uuieis tnese days.
You could tell Wajihlnnnn n
"T u(nen at the Land Show
ua-jr Dy tne -way they gazed
-j iL ineir exniDlt-
New Tork suffrajrtt
to resume the fie-ht r.
a - 'vies. j. IX3
spirit that knows no defeat is certain
n.iury m tne end.
The DaradA nf
Union sisters yesterday at the Land
"""" "ueci saluting the 1916 bar,
" " - au- .a strong.
The bellieroronta
w " " "'hue tneir
"t year tney will become
- w mm. even
sell their golf sticks.
raw iiuuuverisnpn That thAv 1 1 1
Sarah Bernlin.rrir w i. - - ,
- liio Buieen, is
said to look no oldpr- than rv.
said that the camera is not a "monu
mental ueceiverr
President Yuan Ski vai i
uoa just
been presented with his thirty-first
"iio ueniius or his wives is
not available.
Former Portland
"CIU in
San Irancisco for alleged counterfeit
ing, are a cheap lot, with their molds
for nickels.
It is almost thn
IUC OIll-
isn to announce tYiat .h.v ,.-tn
sume the offensive early In the Spring-.
The man tvho Ripnia frm n v.t:j
" vm a Ullll U
cigar man is destined tvi- t
where the smoke will choke him.
It iS nOW fashiOTlA'hlA rv . V.
with your car, if you do not hurt him
as did the President yesterday.
Diamonds are srnnri .niiataMi A.
Is cheering news that they are becom-
"s picuutu. in mis country.
The railroads nm annm,nn.n .l
Winter schedules and the man who
wouia travel must take note.
Take the children t t. ......
Show today to show them what
makes Oregon a great state.
Russia is flMpmlilinv ho.
. ry viwa.
Gathering together the man trior, rem
nants, as it were.
California had thA nsmoi ttv.o..
drops at San Quentin and Folsom yes
terday. The submarine TT-s 1a r.r th.
tribe, judging by the number of its
lives.
Go Strain to thn Tjinrl Rlinw
: You
cannot have seen it all so soon.
Kentucky seriouslv tkrwlm. tr. en
ter the list of doubtful states.
And "we're beirinninrr trt .ninn he
Rose Show already.
King Constantino. Is stanrlino- flr-m
on a slippery place.
John Barleycorn is packintr his im
pedimenta.
Get at it now. Christmas la vn the
horizon.
Nome is bottled ud for Wint
Spring. ,
Bryan is again at the mule'' heels.
Twenty-f ive Year Ago.
From The Oreeonlan ft K'nmmW A 1MW1
Chicago, Nov. 6. The table made up
y "i Asaociated Press from figures
and estimates received up to 1 o'clock
Thursday morning shows the next
nouse or representatives will stand
225 Democrat. 101 Republican, 5 Farm
ers' Alliance. Territorial dele (rates are
not included in' the table. It is not
tnougnt tne omcial figures, will make
mutu uunnge in tnese totals.
, I . - - U -. U V , V. X- I .11-.. M I .
Hill, curator of . the biological museum
w. jri jutciua -wouege, cue a. to a ay.
New Tork, Nov. 5. Henry M. Stan-
j w no ja.nu. ueuienani Jepson
mj-wu. v-u luo j. euionic Today.
Captain R. Hoyt reports that he has
vvwwuiM j x.i.c.,.uS tl-- -J
Helens bar and that the range lights
mora nave oeen set to correspond with
. oapi.aiu 0 1 11.1 Lll, pilot Oi
the Columbia, was down and examined
" iiuiiiui yesteraay ana expressed
his satisfaction -with it. There is now
a channel nf 5n foot o in.
Portland to the sea, and at high tide
ou.jja uk a. w nig ieec can come up.
be held at the Exposition building- is
wo He!, i t-a.t auracLiion. jno
expense is to be spared to make this
the event of the season.
cycle Club met Tuesday evening- at the
office of Dr. B. E. Miller and elected
George Breck. H..K. Cockerllne, L. M.
Vmann T? , . I -.- . n . . .
- - li Li. ui . it.. iviii l or.
Dr. c C Newcastle and E. J. Partridge.
This mora in a- at hA xr n
eaio oi seats will oegin lor the en-
E-2FPmnt T-l T , otvaaI. . . U . TT.
i i - . ... . .
a u - " "liciv U. 5 1 Cd I. X i -
ion, Volter and Martinetti comblna-
-. , hid iaiKL ana Dest troupe or Its
kind the world has ever seen.
m I .
SPECIAlaZIXO IS BEYOND MEANS.
School Appropriations Should Be for
Benefit of the Mam.
tor.) The question of making things
-w eas tor mo pupils in our public
schools is one that deserves careful
study by those on whom the responsi
bility rests.
Our School Board seems to be in
earnest in its efforts to bring the
school budget within the means of the
taxpayers of Portland, but to the mind
of the uninitiated it would seem that
there are still many items which might
fall under the pruning knife.
There is an Item of 7100 for expense
of automobiles. This looks pretty big
to ask o people who have to walk
themselves because they cannot afford
a nickel for carfare.
It is not stated whether or not the
item of $11,250 for music includes the
J1000 asked for allowing school chil
dren, the privilege of attending orches
tra rehearsals. To ask pay for this
looks like asking for a donation pure
and simple. The rehearsals will be
held anyway and if they are thought
to be beneficisfl to school children it
would seem a graceful act on the part
of the orchestra management to -invite
such pupils as desired it to be present
and listen free of charge.
Whiln snnrnTimat.l. -? 0 C AAA 1
been cut out of the estimate for new
buildings and additions for a number
of the grade schools, $200,000 for build.
...so ior grounds is allowed
the Benson Polytechnic
Far be it from me to decry educa
tion in thA nrt, and a r I V... . 1
, . . " - b.ivUWo, u L LUC
object of our public school system is
to furnish a. rnmmnn cohnAl .... i. ......
to the children of our Nation, and in
cidentally to furnish adequate and
sanitary buildings, properly safeguard
ed from fire and accident. The $385,
000 cut out was mainly for the use of
the grammar and primary grades, by
far the most numerous, while the Poly
technic ia for thn tnmrzi ...-aln .
advanced pupils who desire to speclal-
. wouia De nigniy aeslrable
if we rnnlH itffrtM. 14- k.. . i. ..
. -, uuk L L 11 U 11 u-
sent time we cannot afford it.
No sensible man would think of send
ing his child to an expensive school
if he had not the means to pay for it,
and no Just parent could withhold an
ordinar-ir pf.ticm(n .-. , . -
...,i . in uue uium to
get money for special advantages for
. u it aoes not seem sensible
or Just in the School Board to with
hold nprpssarv hllillfnra . V.
. ........ . iv . tn c in ii a
of pupils and appropriate a large sum
mo auvaacca eaucation of a small
proportion.
These are a few of the ideas sug-
STested tn an npiltnaMr .,.-...
study of the proposed school budget.
A. E. KING.
COST IS LESSER COXSIDEE.ITIOX
School Fads Teach Child He Has Some
thing Coming for Nothing.
PORTLA?Tl Tr.w K .1-
tor.) The article "At the Crossroads"
appearing in, your editorial columns
"Wednesday is worthy of further com
ment. ThprA Vi ii u V. ii .1 DA . . .. i. j : .
. -' - 111 u III u.-
cussion pro and con concerning "bud
get revision" and expense-cutting of
late that it has become quite a by
word, and flu n. ronnlt onA 1
- - - .. " ii a., a. msg
to know Just who is out for political
piums. out wnere we need the re
visions, it seems to me, is not alto
gether whprp mnnv o n H .--
volved so much as where we need to
viuro our tastes, requirements and de-
manas. -articuiany is this true where
we are disposed to shoulder all the
responsibility for the proper bringing
up of the youth of our land.
I am averse to taking the parents'
responsibility away from them in the
raisins and eduAtlmr nf in n .- .-.n
not that they are neglecting that duty
so much as the fact that we are edu
cating ourselves up to the idea that
the Child hftH -m-nnt-iino- i .
- r, vwuiitig 1UJ
nothing, and that -every convenience.
nuvnuittge una wnatnot must Be placed
at the youth's disposal. Velvet-cushioned
and spoon-fed life, especially
durine thA nlnsri ao-a I. ,
D i n . ao CAMciUCiy
detrimental to the youth, and has a
tendency to breed drones and "molly
coddles." lacking in energy. Initiative,
eermomv AnH fhr-f v.
- . . , in u uGucgBary
qualifications for good citizenship; and.
wniiuui mem, now can a person call
himself educated?
OonH vhnlnflnm. Vinn. , .
- . .-. -- ""ii:i . -,-ou-jica
with economy, originality, energy, ini-
iia-iivto a.uKx tiiritt, snouia De instilled
into the minds and marrow of the
youth of our glorious land of the free.
fi.nf-1 hv nil m tna.lncr ... . . - .
--.(i i j i lu-s iaaa
and substituting military discipline.
wituuuL l ii . l -jicnaea militarism, we
would soon be properly routed towards
a better citizenry.
MARK PAULSON".
When Oregon Ia Dry.
MTTT.KD AT.F-. Or Mrtv A .tv. ti
Editor.) Please advise me if a per
son after January 1, 1916, will be al
lowed to make cider or wine for his
own use. and if them i on, -iivn.
as to quantity a . person may have on
ucluu. . KKADRR
He .may manufacture for his own
use dniy non-lntlxocating elder or
wine. There will be no restriction
on the quantity of intoxicants one may
have on hand for lawful use.
Next Prohibition Vote.
PORTLAND. Nov. 5. (To thn vn.
itor.) Please state when the people
will vote on the prohibition question
again in Oregon; or how long will It
be before they can vote on prohibition
again? T. J. TIBIT. !
The questio'n can be presented at the
general election in November. 1916, by
securing the requisite number of names
to an initiative petition.
"HARD TIMES" HISTORY GIVEN
Lr-aaon in Optimism Drawn From Rec
ord of Depressions.
PORTLAND. Nov. 6. (To the Ed
itor.) "Hard times" have been as fre
quent in Oregon history as prosperity
periods; the "ups" and the "downs
are shown by that history to be equal
ly recurrent, each reactive from the
other; the one period stimulating the
energies of our people to the utmost,
the other following to correct the ex
travagances of speculation and to
bring back our citizens to old habits
of thrift preparatory for the next
rise."
It may be of interest briefly to re
view for your readers the alternating
currents as they are recorded in Ore
gon annals. Such review may revive
the flagging spirits of many persons
who are "property poor" or whose
business is ebbing away under the
psychology" of our Woodrow, or who
know the "stage play" in the City
Hall means not lower taxes, but high
er than ever before.
To such persons Oregon hlstorv
lends aid and comfort. "Hard times"
have never stayed "hard" more than
three or four years, then they have
begun to ease off and in two or three
patient years longer prosperity has
brought back its sunny smiles, with
more railroads. more manufactures,
more agriculture, more real estate
boosters and. alas, more tax-eating
officials.
The following table shows the alter
nating periods from the first awaken
ing of the Oregon country in 1850:
FroTrl t v
rTiratlon. Tears.
18R0-SR a
Hard time
Duration. Team
856-61 e
18i6-6S 3
1S74-78 ; k
1SS4-8T.... 4
18SM-98 5
1862-tiS " 4
1669-73 ' K
1S79-8S K
1S88-H3 6
1&WW-1813... 14
The 1-titi.iIra in isra.ec
- ' I 11 13 A. I (1 lit
gold discoveries in California and
Southern Oregon. This prosperity
was abruptly ended by the Indian war
of 1855-56. After that our flagging
industries were not revived until gold
discoveries in Upper Columbia Basin
started the great movement of 1861
65. which opened the resources of the
Inland Empire. The reaction from
the Civil War and local Indian trou
bles brought hard times in 1S66-68.
Then ensued the first railroad period
of Ben Holladay which gave the
prosperity of 1869-73 and started Port
land's first big "boom" in town lots
The collapse of 1873 ushered in hard
times again, for the period 1874-78.
The next revival came from the great
railroad schemes of Henry Villard.
1879-83, who caused to be expended on
the NftpthApn Psi-ifli. i.
... . . 1 "i w.egun rail
way & Navigation Company and the
Oregon & California - and in allied
otnemes nearly $160,000,000.
The reactive "siiimn" i. idi ot
- f .u M.OO-K oi noa
relieved by the busy period of 1888-93.
.. ." i"umry was "catching
Ut" with thn Vll.OT-rf rr... 1 .
prosperity -was terminated by the
money and tariff crisis of 1893, which
caused the pinching hard times of 1894-
98. ThA n,T. "rtn.i i. - i
- - ... i. ... li i- lui.uweu
the gold discoveries of Alaska, the
oynisu-American war and territorial
Plnnnqinn Th). ........ i...
. - .-... A.-uD(,cAAcy was great
ly stimulated by rival railroad con-
" "is r-acinc JNorthwest.
- .-v.. ..h i ii j a i.i in. una
the Union Pflniftp fha - in-..
the Great Northern.
inis letter is written in the hope that
, , . . .iini. aa.js wild
doubt or shake with fear." The writer
has been corroborated by George H.
Himes, curator of the Oregon Histori
cal Society, aa tn thA fAmi.Ain . v. i
-. - - n-'iiift in ii ii;
or prosperity and adversity.
now in a perioa which, as
Its history teaches, is preparatory for
greater activities. These times arc
trying enough; some persons will lose
real or RtlnnnsnH riilm. i.. 1
' ....wo. . -ii iua op
portunities fnr n n w ;i n
still be here for those who are patSent
pruuent. 1.ESJUIE M. SCOTT.
Wedding Announcement..
PORTLAND. Nov. 5. Tn th. Ali
tor.) Please tell what is the proper
way to acknowledge the receipt of a
wedding announcement?
A SUBSCRIBER.
An announcement requires no for-.
mal answer, merely a note of congratu-
ation.
Plajis for
White House Social Season
In The Sunday Oregonian
Now that the Nation is assured of a "first lady" which, will be
brought about through the approaching marriage of President
Wilson and Mrs. Gait Washington society is looking forward to
an interesting social season.
Social leaders in Washington already have been given to under
stand that the future Mrs. Wilson plans to do a large amount of
entertaining and her activities in this direction naturally will be
reflected in the social festivities of the entire officialdom at the
Natonal capital.
In The Sunday Oregonian tomorrow will appear a complete story
outlining the plan upon which the social life at the White House
is organized.
CORONATION OF JAPANESE EMPEROR Much interest now cen
ters in the coronation of the Japanese Emperor, which is scheduled
to take place at Tokio this week. The coronation is said to be the
oldest of existing ceremonies. The new Emperor is the direct de
scendant of an unbroken line of rulers running back 75 generations.
The Sunday Oregonian will present a complete account of the cor
onation ceremonies, as they have been planned, together with a
late picture of Yoshihito, the new Japanese ruler.
WALLINGFORD HERE AGAIN Once more The Oregonian will pre
sent its readers with one of George Randolph Chester's amusing and
exciting tales dealing with the adventures of "Get Rich Quick"
Wallingf ord. Wallingford here is produced in some of his most en
tertaining situations.
HOW TO CARE FOR THE TEETH A well-known beauty expert will
tell Oregonian readers tomorrow how to care for and preserve the
teeth and will explain how essential good teeth are to good health
and happiness. . The same page will contain many other hints help
ful to those who are seeking health and beauty.
OF INTEREST TO GOLF PLAYERS Everyone who plays golf
should be interested in the instructions on this popular game now
being-printed each week in The Oregonian. John J. Keenan, an
' authority on the game, tomorrow will present the third of his series
of stories on "how to play golf."
MOVING PICTURE NEWS The Sunday Oregonian will devote two
pages to the moving picture world in its big issue tomorrow. One
page will contain the latest news of the houses in Portland written
by The Oregonian's moving picture reporter, and the other page,
which will contain a photograph of a well-known star, will offer
information of general interest, as well as answers to inquiries, etc.
SOMETHING FOR THE CHILDREN Again will appear a full page,
in colors, presenting Donahey's illustrated fairy tales, and a half
page with jokes, poems, short stories and pictures, all intended to
amuse the little folks.
FRONT COVER PAGE Few Portland people realize the immense
volume of traffic that is carried over the five bridges that span
the river, connecting the East Side and West Side. The front cover
page tomorrow will tell this story in graphic form. Watch for it.
DR. DYOTT'S SERMON One of" the interesting features will be a
complete sermon by Dr. Luther R. Dyott, pastor of the First Con
gregational Church.
PORTLAND'S SCHOOL ACTIVITIES Reports from most of Port
land's principal schools will be printed on a page devoted to school
activities. What the boys and girls are doing, what some of their
problems are and what the teachers are doing will be fold in inter
esting form, lltpt of these stories are written by the pupils them
selves. OTHER SUNDAY FEATURES Besides these special articles, the
Sunday paper will offer its usual up-to-the-minute information on
sports, its pages of society, dramatic, real estate and automobile
news and its reports of women's club and church activities.
Half Century Ago.
From The Oregonian of November 6. I860.
The auction sales of real estate on
Saturday were ' largely attended, and
in a very short time the six blocks on
Front street in the rear of the O. 6. N.
Company's wharf, sold for $27,200. The
purchasers are all gentlemen who have
lived for a long time in the city and.
who have seen real estate sold for a
much less price.
The City Jail is now nearly filled
with drunk and disorderly persons..
Beside being too small for all practical
use, the Jail is not adapted for the pur
poses for which it is used. It is not
safe, either for the person or the health
of those confined, within its walls.
The new flouring mill of G. TV.
Vaughn, of this city, is rapidly nearlns:
completion and when completed will
be the model mill of the country.
Mrs. Oscar Kllbourn received severe
injuries by falling through the wharf
in the rear of her husband's place of
business on Front street on the even
ing of Thursday last. She had stepped
to the door for the purpose of gettins
a stick of wood for the office stove
while Mr. Kilbourn was busy with sales
in the front part of the store and ac
cidentally fell down a rough flight of
stairs in the lower dock.
Quincy A. Brooks, of Portland, was
appointed special agent of the Post-
oixice department for the State of OreV
gon and Washington and Idaho terri-N
tones, with instructions to report to
Colonel A. H. Ma.rk.land, superintend
ent of mails on the Pacific Coast,
NKCESSITT ABOVE StTNDAV 1AW
Writer Likens Some Portlandera to
Pharisees of the Scriptures.
PORTLAND. Nov. 5. (To the Edi
tor.) In this city a certain class am
now trying to destroy the legitimate
business of honest, law-abiding, tax
paying citizens by forcing them to close
their places of business on Sundays,
even though at present it is nearly im
possible for them to meet current ex
penses. I am a strict believer in keeping thn
Sunday holy and free from servile la
bor, which does not mean that I must
close my place of business if necessary
for the support of my family or self,
and gives no scandal. I know a small
retailer (and there are many) whos
existence surely depends on his Sunday1
trade and who is surely a blessing to
the poor of his neighborhood, by fur
nishing them the necessaries of lifn
that those people have no chance to get
on Saturday nights.
I think the Savior had in mind the
Pharisees of the present day when their
namesakes accused him of breaking
the law of the Sabbath when he cured
the sick and raised the dead to life.
He said to them. "Which of you shall
have an ass or an ox fall Into a pit
and will not immediately draw him out
on the Sabbath day?" Those words of
charity would seem t o have a near
reference to the struggling small re
tailers of Portland, who are trying
hard to keep from falling into the pit
of bankruptcy and whose enemies are
not swayed by the Constitution of this
liberty-loving country and who would
have us go back to the days of puri
tanical blue laws.
Let us have freedom of conscience.
but no license to injure others in their
property or person.
D. M. O'STJLLIVAN.
Migration of the Parched Specie.
LOS ANGELES. Cal., Nov. 2. (To the
Editor.) Referring to the hobo ar
ticle found in The Oregonian, October
29, I would say that after January 1.
1916, when Washington and Oregon go
dry, California will get not less than
10.000 boozers from Seattle, 10,000 from
Portland and 20.000 from the balance
of Oregon and Washington.
-I tell them that the remedy is to
make California dry and then the
boozers will re-m! grate to Texas.
THOMAS H. GARDNIER.
1628 East Fifty-second street. .
X