Morning Oregonian., October 25, 1915, Page 2, Image 2

THE MORNING OREG ONI AN, MOXDAY, : OCTOBER 25. 1915.
GRAVES NOW THICK
ON OLD BATTLEFIELD
Returning Peasants Take Ref
uge in Old Trenches, Mak
ing Homes There.
SOCHACZEW IS IN RUINS
City, All Unroofed, Suggests Ceme
tery Visited by Tornado; Peo
ple Send Messages to Their
Friends in America.
r BT JAMES O'DONJfELI. BENNETT. ,
(Copyright, HIS.. by the Chicago Trtbuns.
published by arrangement.)
SOCHACZEW. Russia. Sept. tt. So
much has happened since my Winter
visit to the triangle of death, that
coming back here haa been like coming:
back to the scene of events that hap
pened generations ago, and I feel as if
I were visiting: some old battlefield
that I had only read about. Once the
earth trembled under the cannonade
and the beautiful guns that work like
watches were gliding and clicking; and
receiving their bath of oil between
shots. Now all I can see is an occa
sional peasant plowing..
I wonder what has become of all the
good, friendly fellows with whom I sat
by the fires and ate baked potatoes.
Some are on the far side of Polyesye
marshes and some have been sent to the
Dardanelles and some are back in
France and some are dead.
Cemeteries Only Mementoes Left.
I remember what pride they took in
their trenches and "understands" and
how they thought up quaint.- cheerful
names for them, and how the men
who were clever at clay modeling used
to pass the long days of the field
sieges in making statues of the Em
peror and Hlndenburg and in cutting
tablets which they would letter with
the words "Villa Bismarck" on TJnser
Helm."
The pathetic denkmals are crumbling
now and the sole mementos of the days
the good lads spent In the triangle of
death are the little cemeteries, inclosed
with fences and gates and archways of
white birch, where the German dead
lie. Often these lnclosures are very
prettily fashioned and in the twilight
the white bark of the birches from
which they are made gives the effect
of delicate tracery in marble.
Grave Markers Painted Brightly.
The cemeteries which the Russian
soldiers laid out in the triangle of
death are more substantially inclosed.
The fences and gates are of heavy,
squared timbers, and the national pas
sion for bright colors has been grati
fied by painting both the lnclosures
and the grave markers in vivid blues,
reds and greens, which are sometimes
thrown into bold contrast by masses of
black. In the center of each plot rises
a ponderous cross lettered in Rus
sian, which words Mr. Conger translat
ed thus.
THEY DIED FOR
CZAR. FAITH,
AND
FATHERLAND
In the grass at the foot of this cross
lie bottles of heavy glass containing
curious symbolical designs fashioned
out of bits of cardboard and tinsel and
representing crosses and ladders lead
ing to heaven, and angels all a
strange, childlike Jumble of emblems,
of which I could make nothing. They
looked like nursery toys.
Many Bodies Lie Together.
There are almost no single graves.
Many of them bold at least four bodies,
and most of them from six to a dozen.
The names of the men sleeping in each
grave are carefully lettered in black
paint on the cross above it, together
wtth the numbers of their regiments.
Poor fellows, the triangle of death was
their Valley Forge.
Once, in skirting to the east of the
triangle, I passed a string of 20 farm
wagons that made a loud rattling as
they drew near. The deep wicker
wagon boxes were loaded to the top
with oblong zinc boxes about the size
of a loaf of bread. In (Eem thousands
of rounds of small ammunition had
been delivered to the Russian soldiers
entrenched in the triangle. Once un
packed the sine boxes had been thrown
aside and now the farmers were gath
ering them up in the fields and along
the roads.
. In spite of its appalling waste there
is a good deal of salvage in war. Even
the abandoned trenches are a benefac
tion to the poor peasants, for in them
they find much heavy timber, which
they use in rebuilding their houses, as
well as cords of small stuff which
serves them for fires.
Families Use Trenches (or Homes.
Here in Sochacxew, the northernmost
point of tfto triangle, several families
are living in "understands" and con
necting trenches which the Russians
dug Into the side of a hill that over
looks the lazy Bzura and is crowned
by the ruins of an ancient fortress.
The fortress commanded the main ap
proach to Warsaw In the days whe
fortresses meant something. Now its
value is merely pictorial, and the Rus
sians had not bothered to use its mas
sive remains as a protection acainst
shell fire, but had dug into the slope
of the hill behind it. In these caverns
women and children are living in rea
sonable comfort.
Sochacaew used to house 3000 fam
ilies. Now Pompeii is a flourishing cap
ital by contrast, for at least sight
seers may be found in Pompeii. But
Hochaciew. all unroofed, lies staring up
at the unansweriner sky and suggests a
graveyard that has been visited by a
tornado. A few bearded. ringleted
Jews, clad in long black cassocks, scuf
fie through the market place and a few
Jewish wor.-.en come to the big iron
town pump Tor water and then disao
pear down (he long vistas of ruin. It is
as though the ancient people had once
more taken up their dwelling on the
ravished slopes of Jerusalem and were
shouldering again the age-long burden
of their people.
Not a whole house in Soehaczew Is
standing. It is worse than DinanL
Messages Seat to America.
Here the Russian line held for six
months, then broke, and the Germans
entered the town. Finally there came
a night lata in July when Soehaczew
suffered its last bombardment. The
Russians opened on it from the plain.
It was their rareweli and it cost the
Germans a good many men. Then the
Russians stole away to the east.
Immediately the Jewish patriarchs
whs haunted the market place learned
that American correspondents were in
their midst they gathered around us to
tell their troubles. This, they did with
relish, but without rancor. It was
astonishing to discover that "it o or
three of them spoke English pretty
fluently and that nearly all of them
had American addresses at their
tongues' ends. They wanted us to send
off letters to their relatives in America
when we got back to Berlin. It seemed
to me to be hardly less than an obli
gatory act of -brotherhood to under
take these small commissions, so I
wrote down all the addresses that were
given'me and promised to write the let
ters. The burden of the messages was
always the same: "Tell my son that we
are alive." "Mutter and Schwester Bid
in Warschau. Ich und bruder sind
hier. Und sagen sie raal, gnadiger
"err, class das Geld der Vater hat nicht.
Es 1st nicht gekommen. Aber sagen sie
mat a ass ale rarauie 1st wohl.
Father Is There ana Family Well.'
That was about all they would have
to say, and brief as the messages were
there were always the proofs of honest,
.loving family .. feeling in them. The
pointed references to the money that
had not come were more than excus
able. . because all that soma of these
poor, people had to live on was an al
lowance of 5 kopecks (2 cents) a day
from a Polish relief society In Warsaw,
and that was uncertain.
Here come more houseless ones who
want letters written to son Samuel and
son Moses and Uncle Benjamin and
Cousin Solomon in America. Most of
the addresses given me are in New
York East Fifty-sixth street and Lud
low street and the like of that. It is
evident that I could sit here the rest of
the afternoon taking down names and
street numbers. But I must say good
by, and I do so amid a torrent of thanks
and good wishes.
After all, what a little world It is,
and what a friendly world.. Moses is
going his ways in the hot turmoil of
New York, and from his war-worn land
his kin reach out their hands and cry I
IS. Hilaire'? c
TBI I" tT -N 3 -IT f- w TT. BhaazSK rr . ..MP " jZ. rmV.A. . Zr . Trv, - . . V f "V. - V S L J37An Vatarn. I
The accompanying map, reproduced by courtesy of "L'lllustratlon " of Paris, shows the extent of the recent French offensive in Champagne
on a front extending from Auberive to Ville-sur-Tourbe. The objective in this advance is the railway running through Somroe-Py paralleling
the German line. This railway not only acts as a supply road for the G erman troops fighting-even as far west as Rheims, but also supplies the
German Crown Prince's army in the Argonne. .
The black line in the map is the old French line, before the advance of September 25. The dotted line underneath shows the territory gained
by the French last February. Th e double hatched line shows the new battle line. Since September 25 the French have advanced at two places,
in the direction of Navarin farm and north of Tahure. y
The Germans delivered a heavy attack, which was partially successful, recently just east of Auberive. This action Is indicated on the map
by an arrow.
to him across the sea: "Thy father is
here and the family is well."
JAPANESE OUTPUT GAINS
RUSSIA ORDERS - GRB IT VARIETY
. " OF WAR SUPPLIES.
Pertlea at Payment Will Be Made fcy
Bills, and Security Is Not Likely
tm Be Demanded.
TOKIO. Japan, Sept. 25 The output
of war munitions for Russia resulting
from the recent agreement between
Japan and the allies is already show
ing a great increase. . Russian orders
include railroad cars, a. large quantity
of rails, sleepers, locomotives, as well
as guns, rifles, ammunition, boots and
general leather equipment and cloth.
One consequence of the enlarged de
mand has been a rise of steel bars on
the Tokio market from $32.50 per ton
to $67.50, with the upward tendency
continuing. Various shoe factories in
Tokio and. other cities received orders
from Russia i a few days ago for 1,000,
000 pairs of boots.
A contract has been signed between
the representative of a Russian com
mercial house at Vladivostok and a
merchant of Osaka for the supply of
munitions of war valued at 17,000,000
yen. or 18.500.000, the orders to be
completed by April or May next.
It is understood that a portion of
the payment for supply by Japan of
war munitions will be made by treas
ury bills of the Russian government.
The principal banks of Tokio and
Osaka will form a syndicate with the
support of the Bank of Japan to facili
tate the issue of the bills, which, it is
believed, will be accepted without any
form of security or guarantee by a
third party, as was at first thought
necessary. The period of redemption
is expected to be no shorter than two
months and not longer than two years.
VILLA'S MEN IN BATTLE
CARRAfZA ADVANCE GUARD EX
COUNTERS E.EMV.
Desertlana From Villa Reported as Be.
salt of Recognition ef Enemy
by Cnlted States.
DOUGLAS. Arls., Oct. 24 A sharp
fight between the advance guard of
General Villa's soldiers and a detach
ment ofCarranza troops from Agua
Prieta. Sonora. occurred early today
between Ague Prieta and Fronteras,
according to, reports received here. Gen
eral P. Ellas Calles. the Carransa
commander, issued no statement as to
the outcome of the fighting.
Tne skirmish was said to have re
sulted when General Calles sent a train
of soldiers toward Fronteras to meet
150 deserters from the Villa column,
who were reported to have deserted
yesterday when ' they learned that the
United States had recognised General
Carransa.
The Carranza soldiers met several
hundred Villa troops who had been in
pursuit of the deserters, according to
the report from Agua Prieta.
Lieutenant - Colonel Cardenas, who
was in command of the Carranza gar
rison which evacuated Naco a few days
ago. was killed today in a duel with
Major Anaya. Anaya. who later was
placed under arrest, was wounded in
the leg. The duel occurred near Ana-
vacachi Pass, after Cardenas was said
to have made an insulting remark to
Anaya.
Woman Burned by Gasoline.
DAYTON. Wash.. Oct. . (Special.)
Mrs. C. R. Rogg, of this city, was
seriously burned Friday when a gaso
line stove exploded as she was bending
over it. Her clothing and hair caught
fire. She was alote when the accident
occurred, but managed to beat out the
flames, with the aid of heavy rugs.
Her face, neck and arms were deeply
burned.
2 PARTY RECORDS
T
Mr. Bourne Places Republican
and Democratic Achieve
ments Side by Side.
ACTIVE CAMPAIGN BEGUN
Errors of Party Now In Power Are
Pointed Out; Change Is Declared
Necessary for Best Inter
ests of Country.
OREGONTAN NEWS BUREAU. Wash
ington. Oct. 24. "The broken pledges,
unsound economic principles and mal
administration of the Democratic party
furnish adequate argument to convince
the American people that the Demo
cratic party should be retired from
power," declares Jonathan Bourne. Jr.,
of Oregon, in a statement issued today
SHOW
GO TRAS
EXTENT OF THE RECENT FRENCH ADVANCE IN CHA.MPAGNE
from the Republican Publicity Associa
tion in this city.
Since May this association, under
Senator Bourne's direction, has been
supplying sound Republican doctrine to
the country newspapers, but hereafter
it is the Senator's intention to issue
statements to the daily press in which
his association will point out the errors
of the party in power and the reasons
why the Republican party should be
restored to power at the election - of
Party's Interests Sought.
This association is not working in
the interest of any candidate, but rathef
in the Interest of the Republican party,
and therein differs from all other
"press agencies" now at work in the
political field. Senator Bourne pre
dicts that an aggressive, affirmative
campaign, based on soundness of Re
publican principles and the excellence
of Republican accomplishment, will be
waged against Democrats next year,
and. in elaboration of that idea, says:
"Among the Democratic pledges vio
lated are: Reduction of the cost of
living, economy in administration, free
canal tolls for coastwise American
shipping, maintenance of the merit
system in the civil service, protection of
the rights of American citizens abroad
and avoidance of legislation inimical to
the legitimate business interests. Every
citizen who reads either the news
papers or Government reports knows
that this Administration has been .the
most extravagant in American history.
that it reverted at every opportunity to
the spoils system which the Republican
party overthrew, and that it enacted
tariff legislation which was bringing
wreck and ruin to American Industry
until the European war served par
tially to check the further Importation
of products of foreign labor and enter
prise. Repabllcaa Performances Reviewed.
"The same Interest which the Repub
lican party manifested in providing em
ployment for American labor was ex
tended to the betterment of conditions
under which the American laborer toils,
as instanced by the enactment of laws
limiting hours of labor on Government
work, requiring installation of safety
devices on railroads, establishing the
Bureau and Department of Labor and
creating a Bureau of Mines. Having
enacted legislation which encourages
capital to invest in domestic Industries,
the Republican party, for the protec
tion of such Industries, enacted an
interstate commerce law.
"In further pursuance of its protec
tion of American interests, the Repub
lican party maintained a policy of rea
sonable, although not excessive, pre
paredness. "The Republican party enacted the
postal savings bank law. That law was
enacted by a Republican Congress,
every affirmative vote except one, be
ing cast by a Republican, and every
negative vote cast by a Democrat. The
parcels post law was adopted by a Re
publican Senate.
"A Republican Congress enacted the
legislation and made the appropriations
necessary for the location, construction
and operation of the Panama Canal,
"A similar policy affecting only the
internal development of the country
was manifested in the enactment of the
reclamation law.
"The Republican party has always
favored and maintained an efficient
monetary system, and when conditions
began to show the inadequacy of exist
ing laws that party created a mone
tary commission, which, after thorough
study of the subject, recommended de
sirabla legislation,
"The Republican party submitted to
the American people for their adoption
the constitutional amendments provid
ing for popular election of United
States Senators and authorising the
enactment of an income tax law.
"The policies hre enumerated were
not adopted as temporary expedients,
nor in response to au outraged public
opinion. They were carefully formu
lated by constructive statesmen, who
thereby demonstrated their fitness for
leadership.
EDUCATION TO BE OFFERED
Continued From First Fmgel
be required also will be manufactured
locally.
The room will accommodate between
50 and 300 men. Instruction will be
given by those convicts especially
equipped and adapted, lor the work.
Already, according to Mr. MInto. he is
in touch with a number of highly edu
cated prisoners who. will be glad to
undertake the work. General supervi
sion of the prisoner-teachers will be
exercised by the warden's office,
through Frank Davey, the prison clerk.
Mr. Davey has for several terms been
a member of the Legislature ' from
Harney County, and was speaker for
one term. Previously to his being a
newspaper man ho had experience as
a teacher, and is well qualified to
supervise the proposed work.
Acceptance of the benefits of the
school will be entirely Voluntary with
the prisoners. No one will be forced to
"go to school"," but it is expected that
here, as at other prisons where simi
lar educational work is undertaken, the
opportunities and privileges of the ed
ucation offered will draw the majority
of the men to It. At present of the
total population of about 520 only ap
proximately 250 have employment. Of
this number slightly less than 100 are
threshing flax.
More Than 2BO Idle.
As matters now stand, therefore,
more than 250 men are absolutely Idle.
It will be these who will be offered the
school privileges. Those who have
regular employment, and who desire to
join the school, also will have the op
portunity. Probably they will be per
mitted half time at work and half time
in the school. This scheme is used at
San Quentin, where prisoners who
work in the jute mill there Jn the fore
noon go to school in the afternoon, and
vice versa.
Warden MInto will start the school
with modest plans. Nothing extensive
will be undertaken at first. Probably
one of the initial steps will be to segre
gate the illiterate, or nearly illiterate,
who desire to improve themselves, from
the better educated. These will re
ceive instruction in the rudiments of
reading, writing and spelling. There
are, for instance, a number of men in
the Oregon Penitentiary who can
neather read nor write, while some for
eigners can speak no English.
Correspondence Courses Plaaned.
As the plan progresses, it is intended
to arrange tor correspondence courses
from the state educational Institutions.
This will be taken up with the Uni
versity of Oregon and the Oregon Agri
cultural College. The advice and as
sistance of the office of State Superin
tendent of Instruction Churchill will
also be invited.
In this connection Warden Minto
plans to ask educators and visitors and
Oregonlans of prominence to contribute
their services, from time to time, and
make addresses before the school.
Probably one of several inducements to
men who take an interest in the school
work will be the opportunity to attend
these informal lectures, which the
Warden hopes to make a regular fea
ture of prison routine.
, Governor Withycombe is most en
thusiastic concerning the school plan,
and expressed much pleasure at the
way Warden Minto is undertaking the
educational work.
"It has always seemed to me an
amazing pity." said the Governor, "that
so many prisoners should remain in
absolute idleness. So far as the laws
permitted us, we have tried to find em.
ployment for them. But now, if we can
get our school well established, it will
be the fault of the prisoner himself
if he does not find profitable occupa
tion. "From what I have observed, read,
and learned at first-hand from other
institutions, I believe that there is no
better thing that the state can do for
the inmates of its prison than give
them a chance to improve themselves,
so that when they come out they will
be better equipped to be good citisens
than when they entered. It is a fine
investment for the man himself and
for society."
A sentry ilop belonging to one of the
French line regiments has been mentioned
In official dispatches. By barking loudly,
it saved an advance, post from being sur
prised and wiped out.
SOOTHE AND HEAL
YOUR ECZEMA
WITH POSLAM
Poslam deserves the confidence of all
who seek a treatment for Eczema and
ailing skin. Not only does it possess
known merit and healing properties,
but it is absolutely harmless and no
injury results from its use. Has been
unusually satisfactory in treatment of
stubborn cases of Eczema, some of them
of many years' standing and should be
very helpful in your case, allaying itch
ing quickly and showing improvement
every day. Use Poslam for pimples or
any surface disorder.
A word about soap if ordinary
toilet soap irritates, try Poslam Soap
medicated with Poslam and superior for
daily use. toilet and bath.
For samples, send 4c. stamps to Emer
gency Laboratories, 32 West 25th St.,
New. York City. Sold by all Druggists.
ADVERTISING MANAGER
AND CORRESPONDENT'
I want to get in touch with
a first-class house that
'needs an experienced ad
vertising man. One who
can write copy, letters and
literature with personal-
ity and a punch ! !
Can you use me?
CHARLES WOOD
Suite 1124. 25 Broad st.
New York City.
NEGROES' ROW FATAL
Robert Broadnax Is Shot and
. Killed by C. D. Crawford.
RAILROAD PORTER VICTIM
Slayer Notifies Police and Allejjw
Self-Defense; Prisoner Says Other
Man Had Threatened Him.
Wife Corroborates.
Robert Broadnax colored, employed
as porter on one of the railroads run
ning out of Portland, was shot and in
stantly killed by C D. jCrawford, col
ored, at the homo of the latter, 1ST
Admiral avenue, yesterday afternoon
shortly after S o'clock. After the shoot
ing Crawford, who declares he com
mitted the deed in self-defense, called
up the police station and City Detec
tives Hellyer and Coleman went out
and arrested him.
Four shots were fired by Crawford
and three of them penetrated the body
of his victim. Investigation made by
Deputy Coroner Smith showed that one
bullet had penetrated the flesh of the
right arm and gone toward the heart.
A second struck him near the hip, and
a third in the back.
In a statement given to Deputy Dis
trict Attorney Deich, Crawford said
that Broadnax had on several occasions
threatened him, and on September
had chased him down his own stairway
with a gun. Broadnax. Crawford said,
had threatened tp "get" him immediate
ly before the shooting occurred, and be
said be went upstairs, secured his gun,
came down and shot the man.
Broadnax had been boarding at the
Crawford home previously. Several
weeks ago, however, Crawford had told
him to leave. He returned yesterday
after having been away for some time
on his run, and insisted on eating din
ner with Crawford and his wife. That
was the beginning of the trouble which
resulted in the man's death.
Crawford, who is a horseshoer by
trade, has been a resident of Portland
for 48 years. He has had shops at
various places in the city. At present
he is employed at the shop of E. C.
Stuart Eleventh and Everett streets.
In discussing why he did the shoot
ing, Crawford said: "You have got to
be a man, you can't be a rabbit and
when a man threatens you what are
you going to do?"
Mrs. Crawford's story corroborates
that of her husband.
Crawford probably will be brought
before JUdgrs Stevenson for preliminary
bearing this morning. An Inquest will
be held at the morguu tonight.
SCHOOL MASTERS ELECT
Clackamas Club Discusses Work to
Be Done In County Tbls Vear.
OREGON CITY, Or., Oct. 24. (Spe
cial. The first meeting of the school
year of the Clackamas County School
Masters' Club was held Saturday night
at Milwaukle. The domestic science
class of the Milwaukie school served a
banquet.
F. J. - Toosse.. superintendent of the
Oregon City schools, discussed debat-
PEOPLES
TODAY
The Chorus
Lady
Featuring
CLEO RIDGELEY
A Story of a Strong
Minded Chorus Girl,
Who Saves Her Younger
Sister From Destruction
ALSO
Paramount Travelogrue
AND
Pathe News
We Always Present
Good Shows
s.
TODAY, TUESDAY, WEDNESDAY
FREDERICK PERRY
in
The Family Stain
' Based on Gaborian's "The Widow Lerouge"
Get-Rich-Wallingford Comedy
A Rheumatic Joint
Max Figman, Burr Mcintosh, Lolita Robertson
COMING THURSDAY
Paul Armstrong's Famous Play
Via Wireless
Featuring: the Celebrated Stars
AIL KANE AND BRUCE McRAE
v-;jj Ineda
i f fi Ddra'l
j X Carmen I j
11 1 j Surpassing; All Other Photoplay Productions jj
ing and athletic work: County Superin
tendent Calaran explained the arith
metic matches which will be held, and
the following officers ware elected
President. Burr Tatro, of the Oregon
City high school; vice-president. How
ard Eocles. Canby; secretary, F. J.
Tooze, Oregon City superintendent;
treasurer. Charles Romig,' principal of
Willamette school.
The next meeting will be held In
Oregon City.
Itotarlans to Hear of Astoria Case.
Ex-Ssnator C. W. Fulton, will be the
speaker of the day at the luncheon of
the Rotary ciua at tne Benson notei
point aoB? mm
Uf
TODAY, TUESDAY AND WEDNESDAY
"BIG FOUR" PRODUCTION
EDITH STOREY AND ANTONIO MORENO
In Clever, Witty, Sensational Comedy-Drama of
the Present Day.
6 Acts-THE DUST OF EGYPT-6 Acts
Witnessed yesterday at the opening by thou
sands of people, who pronounced it the cleanest
and altogether best comedy ever shown in Port
land. Other Good Features, of Course
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M!H
COMING
SUNDAY
tomorrow. He will discuss the As
toria rate case and will go into tha
details of the various arguments on
the question of terminal rates for As
toria on an equality with cities on the
Sound.
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Indigestion. One package
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