VOL.. LV.-XO. 17,135. PORTLAND, OREGON, MONDAY, OCTOBER 25, 1915. PRICE FIVE CENTS. BRITAIN HELD ONLY OBSTACLE TO PEACE German Says Enemy Is Already Beaten.- REALIZATION ALONE LACKING Balkans Situation Laid to Fiasco in Dardanelles. MORE DEFEATS PREDICTED Maximilian Harden Says Teutons and Their Allies Are Likely to In vade Egypt; England Wag ing Economic Fight. BY KARL H, VON W1BGAND. fBy special cable to the New York World. fopyrtsht. IMS, by the Press Publishing; Company. Published by arrangement with the world. BERLIN, via Amsterdam. Oct. 17. "It la tlm to call a halt in this inhu man butchery of human beings, bat who is going to do it? Where is a great man in the world with the cour age, brains, energy, power and inspira tion to bring the warring nations to their senses and this slaughter to an endr' said Maximilian Harden, editor of Die Zukunft, to me today. "It certainly must be evident now that the central powers have not been crushed and that the situation for the allies was never more discouraging. Then why keep up this senseless slaughter of humans and increasing misery under which the peoples of Europe will groan many years, when It is to no purpose? "So far as achieving their purpose in this war is concerned, Engjand, Rus sia, Prance and Italy are defeated, but have not yet awakened to that realiza tion." Jldrnmt TTnblaaed by Feeling. The man who broke up the power ful and notorious Eulenburg round table, and sent princes, counts and high personages to prison or disgrace, never lets personal feeling Or sentiment af fect his Judgment nor patriotism blind him to facts. ' He has never hesitated to criticise tils own government for mistakes for which It often has been censured, but to which it is indifferent. He has the faculty of seeing the viewpoint of the other side, and in the German-American crisis he was one of the men who held that it would be madness at this time if Germany should let it come to a rupture between the two countries "It is a bad sign when ministers be gin to resign and get from under." said Harden, referring to Delcasse's retire ment, rumors from Sassanow and the attacks on Grey. "The Balkan diplomatic defeat, with the resultant military developments and confusion in the camp of the allies, looks very much like the beginning of the end. but I cannot yet see any Indi cations of peace." Peace Depends on England. Harden was inclined to think the uselessness of continuing the slaughter might be made clear to others, but that England was not ready to talk peace, and that peace depended wholly on England. "The turn in events in the Balkans was precipitated by the Dardanelles fiasco of the English," said Harden. "The Gallipoli adventure was responsi ble for developments in the Balkans, and for that fiasco is responsible one man Churchill. The present Saloniki landing is another dilettante operation. "From Enos to Belgrade are between 1.000,000 and 1.200.000 Turks.Bulgarlans. Germans, Austrians and Hungarians. What can an expeditionary corps do against such an array of troops? One must stop to consider, how many ships St takes to land even 100,000 troops, with all the artillery, wagon trains, ac cessories and equipment of a modern army and that with submarines active. "It is inconceivable that the Eng lish should expect success there. It Impresses one as dilettanteism In war." Harden was not of the opinion that the trend of events in the Balkans against England was due to weak di plomacy. 'England can thank the Dardanelles failure for that," he said. "It is in disputable that all of the Balkan states were much friendlier to Russia, Eng land and France than to the central powers. The Balkans never dreamed of defeat for the entente, and believed Turkey would be swept away quickly. KlaNeo Impreftsei Balkans. "Whea the allies could not show even a trace cf success against Turkey and faced the Dardanelles failure, together with the Russians' retirement and the French and English failure to break the lino In the west, their world simply fell In upon them In the Balkans. "Had '.he representatives of the al lies been the greatest diplomatic gen iuses the world has ever seen, they could not haver offset diplomatically the impression made on the Balkan peo ples by the Dardanelles fiasco and by German and Austrian successes in tne East and West- It was a sorry day for England when she entered upon that adventure." Harden said he was amazed to see surprise exhibited by the French and English press over the turn of affairs in the Balkans, and that, with the Germans advancing through Serbia to connect with Constantinople through Bulgaria, it certainly shot id not have tCondi4e4 on Fact 5, Column 1.) 1000 BULGARS DIE IN BOMBARDMENT WARSHIPS' SHELLS DEMOLISH BARRACKS AT DEDEAGHATCH. Occupants Buried in ' Ruins and Many Others Wounded; Foreign Consuls Leave for Interior. LONDON, Oct. 25. The bombardment of Dedeagach caused the death of ten civilians and more than a thousand soldiers, and a large number of sol diers were wounded, says a dispatch to the Exchange Telegraph Company from Athens. A large proportion of the military casualties, the correspondent adds, were in the barracks which housed the Fortieth Bulgarian regiment. The bar racks were crowded with soldiers, who were prepared for their meal when the bombardment was opened at 1 o'clock with accurately aimed shells, which de molished the barracks, burying the oc cupants in the ruins. ' Troops engaged in digging trenches around the town also abstained heaJvy losses. Fires caused by the exploding shells destroyed the railway station and sur rounding buildings, doing enormous damage. It is said that the entire loss from the bombardment, which lasted four hours, will be several mil lion pounds. The correspondent says the bombard ment was directed by aeroplanes, which flew over the town throughout the aft ernoon. Twenty warships participated. The Bulgarians are now engaged in preparing defense work on the sur rounding mountains. Porto Lagos was fiercely bombarded by eight warships Thursday and again on Friday. A dispatch to Reuter's Telegram Company from Athens says that at the request' of the Bulgarian authorities the foreign consuls have left Dede agach for the interior. PARIS. Oct. 24. The French War Of fice. In its report tonight, says: "On October 21 our trops had an en gagement with the Bulgarians in the direction of Rabrovo. That village, which is 14 kilometers (approximately nine miles) south of Strumnitza re mains in our hands. Our losses were small." FRENCH REPULSE ATTACKS Sanguinary Losses to Germans Re ported by Paris. - - PARIS. Oct. 24. The eighth German attack in five days on the strong French positions in the wood of Givenchy, north of Arras, was re pulsed yesterday with sanguinary losses, according to the official state ment issued today. The statement says: "The Germans again attempted, last night, an attack on our positions In the wood of Givenchy and on our ad vanced posts in the neighborhood of Hill 140. Many of the Germans were even cut down at the moment they left their trenches, and the survivors were compelled to return to their positions. During the past five days we nave checked the enemy eight times in this region alone. . "The artillery struggle remains ac tive and it is uninterrupted to the south of the Somme in the region of Lihons and Canny and Beauvraignes." BRITISH GENERALS SLAIN Recent Losses of Officers of High Rank Unusually Severe. LONDON, Oct. 13. (Correspondence of the Associated Press.) The severity of the fighting on the western front recently is indicated by the officers' casualty lists for the fortnight ended October 11. which show that the Brit ish army lost 3S3 killed, 646 wounded and 107 missing a total of 1136 dur ing that period. The proportion of killed to wounded is rather higher than of late, and losses among officers of high - rank have been severe. " Major-Generals Thesiger and Capper, two Colonels and 10 Lieutenant-Colonels have been killed or have died of wounds, while two Brigadier-Generals are reported wounded and one miss ing. Losses of officers since the begin ning of the war total 18.210, of whom 5559 have been killed or died of wounds, 11.115 wounded and 1536 missing. BULGARIANS TAKE USKUP Chief Serbian Town on Road From Nish to Saloniki Falls. SOFIA. Saturday. Oct. 23, -ia London, Oct. 24. The Bulgarian troops have j completely conquered TJskup, the chief! Serbian town on the railway between Nish and Saloniki, according to an offi cial communication issued today. NISH. Oct. 23. via London, Oct- 24. An official announcement by the Ser bian general headquarters staff today says that the Serbian towns of Ku manovo and Veles have been taken by the Bulgarians. DUMBA MADE NOBLEMAN? Berlin Newspaper Hears Emperor Has Honored Diplomat. BERLIN. Oct. 24. Dr. Constantin Dumba, whose recall as Austro-Hun-garian Ambassador to the United States was requested by President Wilson, ar rived in Berlin today with his wife. Commenting on the arrival of the diplomat, the Vossische Zeitung says: "We learn from a usually well-in formed source that Emperor Francis; Joseph has ennobled Ambassador! Dumba." j GERMANY DEFENDS SHOOTING OF NORSE Laws of War Declared to Know no Sex. MILITARY NECESSITY PLEADED Foreign Under-Secretary Is - sues Official Explanation. HIGH MOTIVE IS CONCEDED Sentence Carried Out to' Frighten Those Who Might Presume on Sex to Join in Enterprises Pun ishable With Death. BERLIN, via The Hague and London, Oct. 24. Dr. Alfred F. M. Zimmermann. German Under-Secretary for Foreign Affairs, has issued an official explana tion of the recent execution ir Belgium of Miss Edith Cavell. British nurse. He prefaced his' remarks by the declara tion that he has examined every jot and tittle of the evidence with the greatest care and finds the verdict, though regrettable, to be just. His statement follows: "I see by the British and the Ameri can press that the shooting of an English womar. and the conviction of several other women in Brussells of treason has created a great impression and that we are being severely criti cised. Sex Not Differentiated in Law. "It is indeed hard that a woman must be executed, but remember: to what shall a state come which is in war if it allows to pass unnoticed a crime against the safety of Its armies because committed by a woman? No law book In the world, least of all those dealing: with war regulations, makes such a differentiation, and the feminine sex has but one preference according to legal usages, namely, that women In a- delicate condition -may ' not be exe cuted, ; . ' "Otherwise men and. women are eaual before the law. and only the degree of guilt makes a difference in the sentence for the crime and Its consequences. Evidence Declared Convincing. "In the Cavell case I have reviewed the decision of the court and examined the evidence down to the smallest de tails. The result is so convicting and all the circumstances are so clear and convincing that no court-martial in the world would have reached any other decision. For it concerns not the act of one single person, rather it concerns a well-though-out. world-wide con spiracy wMch succeded for nine months to render the most valuable services to the enemy to the disadvantage of our army. "Countless British. Belgian and Belgian soldiers now again are fight ing in the allied ranks who owe their escape from Belgium to the activity of the band now sentenced, at the head of which stood Miss Cavell. Utmost Severity Held Jutlfled. "With such a situation under the (Concluded on Page 3. Column 3.) HERE'S INDEX OF TODAY'S NEWS The Wevther. YESTERDAY'S Maximum temperature, tW dearees; minimum, 47 degrees. TODAY'S Occasional rain; southeasterly winds. ' TVmr. Maximilian Harden says Allies ar beaten but have not awakened to. fact. Page 1. James O'Donnell Bennett describes visit to Uocbaczew. Page 2. Germany officially Justifies shooting of English nurse. Page 1. Thousand Bulgarian soldiers killed In bom bardment of redeagach. Page 1. National. Ex-Senator Bourne contrasts records of Re publican and Democratic parties. Pagw 2. Help promised new American Industries to prevent throttling alter war. Page 9. Domestic. Illinois wets may combine liquor and pub lic utilities control In " "home rule" law. Page 5. Persian noblewoman visits America. Page 3. Edison acclaimed by Exposition crowds. Page 3. American export trade enormously increased. Page . . Sport. Pacific Coast league results: Vernon 5-5, Portland 4-1; ban Francisco 1-11. Oak land W-4 ; Salt Uke 1, Los Angeles tt. Page 11. Pacific Coast League season ends. Page 11. Many uprfeta occur on far-away gridirons. Page 10. Oregon Aggies leave for game with Michi gan Aggies. Page 10. Waverley golfers win runaway victory from ttugene. rage 10. Pacific Northwest. School for convicts to be started in Oregon Penitentiary. Page 1. Oregon Federation of Women's Clubs to open Convention at Salem today, .rage a. Portland and Vicinity. ' Xotable ceremony prepared for -opening of inaustnai snow, rage i. Bishop W. M. Bell speaks on menace to Democracy. .Page . Rabbi Stephen S. Wise will stop here two a ays to organise Zionist society, ra-go u. Efficiency with economy to be motto of ucnooi soara. -age s. Acts on Orpheum's new bill are awe-inspiring. Pace 7. Interesting photoplays are Included in new bill for this week. Page t. Robert Broadnax, colored. Is shot and killed by C. D. Crawford, colored. Page 2. Oregon pays tribute to memory of Mrs. Abigail Scott Dunlway. Page 14. British steamer Queen Maud on way for lumber. Page 11; Rev. Dan A. Poling tells Christian En- deavorers of habit's grip. Page 3. Secretary and Mrs. McAdoo will be guests of Portland today. Page 9. RAILROAD SHOPS ARE BUSY Southern Pacific Putting on More Men at Sacramento. SACRAMENTO, Oct. 24. (Special.) More men are now employed In the Southern Pacific, shops here than have been on the payroll for many months. This is due in part to the heavy traffic in both the freight and passenger de partments. More men are being added to the force. Two shifts are being worked In the rolling-mill, which Is chiefly used In manufacturing fish-plates. Formerly the - Eastern factories supplied these plates. The plant ha orders to keep it busy for three months. As soon as these orders are filled the plant will be kept busy on other work. GERMANS OUST BELGIANS Men of Military Age to Number of 7500 Ordered to Report. LONDON. Oct. 24. A telegram from Amsterdam to the Exchange Telegraph Company says: "Messages from the Belgian frontier say that Belgian subjects between the ages of 17 and 55, liable for military service, had been notified by the Ger man authorities at Brussels to report themselves to the German commander,' with the result that 7500 so far have been deported to Germany." Spanish Protest Maine Monument. MADRID, via Paris, Oct. 24 Most of the newspapers here publish articles protesting against the project of build ing a monument in Havana for the victims of the battleship Maine, aa talked of by the Cuban government. AN INVASION WE ALWAYS EDUCATION TO BE OFFERED CONVICTS School; To Be ted in OreroVv?rison. PRISONERS TO BE TEACHERS Plan Evolved for Giving 250 Idle Something to Do. WORK WILL BEGIN SOON Educators to Be Called in to Give Iiectures and Correspondence Courses May Be Established With State- Institutions. SALEM, Or., Oct. 24. (Special.) What bids fair to be by all odda the biggest forward, step in prison admin istration . ever taken in Oregon will be consummated at the Penitentiary here shortly. As soon as final details can be worked ont and necessary ar rangements made, an educational sys tem for the schooling of the convicts will be started, and through it an op pdrtunity given those confined within the walla to Improve their condition and take the best advantage of their imprisonment. Occupation and education of the pris oners have been practical prison re forms crdently favored by Governor Withycornbe since his inauguration. As assistance toward securing employ ment for the idle prison .population, he secured from the last Legislature an appropriation of 150,000 to be util ized in establishing methods of em ployment, so far as the laws prohib iting prison manufacturing would per mit. New Industry Is Satisfactory. A portion of this money already has been expended in the establishment of the flax industry, which is progress ing most satisfactorily- and bids fair not only to aid materially in solving the problem of local prison employ ment, but also to establish a big new industry for agricultural Oregon. Now John W. Minto, "Warden of the Penitentiary, has taken up the educa tional plans, and is working out the details of a prison school. Mr. Minto is enthusiastic concerning the poten tial benefits of the proposed school, and is backed not only by the Gover nor, but also by the other members of the Board of Control, which has gen eral charge of the Penitentiary admin istration. Mr. Minto will ut'lize a portion of one of the large buildings formerly oc cupied by the tile plant. A space 60x80 feet will be partitioned off and will be used as a schoolroom. Little or no extra expense will be involved In cre ating this room, as all the labor, of course, will be furnished by inmates, the lumber for the most part, is al ready on hand, and the institution is well equipped with carpenter and wood-working shops. Desks will be made in the shops, , and such black boards and other equipment as will Concluded on Pass 2. Column 3.) WELCOME. TO .THE ARMORY Sunday's War Moves THE Bulgarians, according to their official report "yesterday, have reached Uskup, an important junction on the Saloniki-Nlsh railway, and have thus placed themselves across the route by which the allies' reinforcements for the Serbians would travel. The Austro-Germans In the north have begun a more vigorous offensive and have crossed the Danube near Or sova. This brings much nearer tie linking up of the armies of the Ger manic allies and those of Bulgaria, and the opening of the way through Bul garia to Constantinople. Success is not being achieved with out heavy losses, as the Serbian vet erans, well entrenched In their moun tains, are offering stubborn resistance and are making the invaders pay a big price for every mile of country invaded. French troops are fighting beside the Serbs in the southeastern sections, and reports from Athens say that other steps are being taken by the allies to help their small partner. Additional troops are being landed at Saloniki: Bulgarian ports in the Aegean and Black sea are being bombarded, and it is belie-ed that men and munitions will be sent to Serbia by still another route. Without the active co-operation of Greece and Roumania, however, allies, it is feared In London, will not be able to do much for some weeks. The Russian troops, who have landed at Domeness, Courland, have, accord ing to. Berlin, re-embarked. If this is so. It is probable that the landing was intended as a diversion, in the hope of drawing German troops from the Riga and Dvlnsk regions, where heavy fighting is still in progress. There is no news of Field , Marshal von Hindenburg's drive toward the Dvina, southeast of Riga, but north west of Dvinsk he has made' another attempt to reach the river, and asserts that he has forced the Russians from their positions. Inflicting great losses on them and taking nearly 3000 prls oners. Illoukst, which has figured prominently in all the recent communi cations, has been captured by the Ger mans. The persistence with which the Ger mans are attacking in this region shows the Importance they attach to the cap ture of Dvinsk and Riga and the line of the Dvlna River before Winter sets In. On the rest of the eastern front the Russians continue their isolated at tacks, which are designed to prevent the Germans from establishing a line of entrenchments such as they suc ceeded in doing before . Warsaw last year,, after the first attempts to. take the city failed. Except for a few attacks by the Germans, the fighting In the west has consisted for tha most part of atrillery engagements and of exciting contests between the airmen. October 25, 1014. Germans, hurled back from coast, turn inland and cross Tser Canal. Austrians fighting desperately in ef fort to cross River San. Turkey declares to foreign ambassa dors Its intention to remain neutral. SEVEN OF FAMILY KILLED Woman, Her Five Daughters and Sister Run Down in Auto by Train. DETROIT, Oct. 24 Seven members of one family were Instantly killed and an eighth was probably fatally injured today by a Grand Trunk passenger train, which struck their automobile near Detroit. The dead are Mrs. Ra chael Stoldt, her five daughters. Pearl. Hazel, Mabel, Esther and Martha, and Miss Minnie Engel, a sister of Mrs. Stoldt. William Stoldt, of Troy, Mich, the husband and father, was badly mangled. Apparently Stoldt. who was driving the automobile, did not see the ap proaching train and drove the machine in front of the locomotive. FRANCE -EXPELS SW0B0DA Espionage Charge Dropped, bnt Man Must Leave Country. PARIS, Oct. 24. The police authori ties, with the consent of the Ministry of the Interior, have decided to expel Raymond Swoboda, who recently was discharged from prison, after a charge of espionage against him had been dropped. Swoboda claims American citizen ship, denying that he is a German, as has been charged. He was arrested In June on charge of setting fire to the French line steamer La Tourralne. GERMAN CRUISER-IS SUNK British Submarine Makes Successful Attack Near Llbau, in Baltic. PETROGRAD, via London, Oct. 24. A British submarine! operating near Llbau, attacked and sunk a German cruiser of the Prins Adelbert class, ac cording to official announcement made tonight. The" Prinz Adelbert is an armored cruiser, 393 feet in length and with a displacement of 8858 tons. She carries m complement of 557 men. POPE'S REQUEST GRANTED Belligerent Powers Will Give War Prisoners Repose on Sunday. ROME, via Paris. Oct. 24 All the belligerent powers have granted the request of Pope Benedict that Sunday be made a day of absolute repose for prisoners of war. Several of the countries in their re plies said that they already had been observing this rule. BOMBS WILL BOOM AS BIB" SHDWOPEMS Notable Ceremony Pre pared for Tonight. OFFICIALS TO BE IN PARADE Wonderful Exhibit of Oregon's Resources Provided. ARMORY IS FAIRY BOWER Record Attendance Expected to Sec Exposition of State's Farms and Factories, Which Is Declared i Greatest Ever Held in West. The boom of the first aerial bomb fired from the roof of the Chamber of Commerce tonight at 7:15 will an nounce the opening of the largest Man ufacturers' and Land Products Show ever held west of Chicago. The management of the show before announcing that fact to the Chamber of Commerce.. looked into past records carefully and verified its position. Not only is the 1915 Manufacturers' and Land Products Show, opening at the Armory tonight, larger than any other land show that has ever been held west of Chicago, the great land show city, but it actually displays to the visitor a more complete exposition of the resources of Oregon, both in manufacturing and land products than was afforded even in the big Lewis and Clark Exposition in 1905. Committee Is Jubilant. It is small wonder then that the committee from the Chamber of Com merce, which has charge of the open ing night, feels like shooting off bombs and holding a general jollification in honor of the big achievement that has been carried through by its bureau of manufactures and industries. The committee fri charge of opening night, together with prominent guests and representative citizens, will as semble at the Chamber of Commerce and immediately after 21 bombs from the roof of. the building have saluted the opening, they will form in parade and pass through the business section of the city and march with McElroy's Band to the Armory, where the big show Is installed. Speeehes to Be Heard. A. J. Kingsley, president of the Man ufacturers' and Land Products Show, will preside and the speeches of the evening will be by C. C. Colt, presi dent of the Chamber of Commerce. Mayor Albee. and George E. Hardy, manager of the Chamber. City and county officials who will be guests of honor will also make short addresses. Immediately after the programme In the theater the directors of the show and other officials will pass out and head the crowd in an Informal parade about the building to inspect the ex hibits. Searchlight Will Direct. With this parade through the build ing the show will be definitely turned over for the enjoyment of the people. A band concert will be given by Mc Elroy's band from 9 to 10:30 while the throngs pass about among the booths. Throughout the evening of the open ing a huge searchlight stationed on the Pittock block will flash its rays about over the city and direct atten tion to the Armory, where the show is being held. Testerday was no day of rest for any of the chief officials, superintend ents or assistant superintendents at the Armory, even down to the last car penter's helper or scrub-woman's as sistant. With only a little more than 24 hours' time in which to complete their preparations, and a thousand things to be done, everybody was on the Job and working at top speed. Exhibits) Nearly Ready. County exhibits for the most part were well along toward complete in stallation when the building closed last night and the west hall, which is given over to land products exhibits, will be In shipshape order probably several hours before the opening to night. In the main hall of the Armory, where the manufacturers' exhibits are going In, the rush was even greater and there was more to do. Although it will keep every force working at top speed all day until the opening hour tonight, the superintendent of booths expresses his belief that the ex hibits will be practically all in place at that time and everything will be in such condition that there will be nothing to mar the general tone of completeness that is sought for the opening night. Far more space is given over to man ufacturing exhibits this year than was used last year. The balconies cf the hall are pressed into service and will be lined with booths, while every Inch of space on the main floor was taken long ago. Just off the main hall in the Armory the men of the National Guard have taken advantage of their opportunities and have installed three or four most attractive booths, calling attention to the activities and achievements of their organization. Artillery, cavalry, infan try are all represented in the displays and one booth presents an array of the trophies won' by the Oregon National lanciudcd on Pago 3, Column Z.i