Image provided by: University of Oregon Libraries; Eugene, OR
About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (Oct. 15, 1915)
10 THE MORNIXG OREGOXIAX, FRIDAY, OCTOBER I..- 1913. $1$ (&w$$nmn PORTLAND, OREGON. Enfrcd at Portland. Orssoo, Fostorflce as s-.-uond-olass matter, fc'uuscrliitlun Kales luvariably In advance. (.By Mall.) l.ily. Sunday included, one year ?' I)ii, Sin. day included. si, raonthi. ... Dally. Sunday Included, tbree otoliths-. i.Zo Tsily, Sunday iiu:iuci,U, month. . - ' iJally, without Sunday, one yr Paity, without Sunday, six month I'ally, without Sunday, throa montas... I'ally, llhout Sunday, una month.,,.,, .00 Weekly, on year t J.yo Hutiduy, onti year ?'?u Sunday and Weekly, one year " (By Carrier.) lsily, Sunday Included, aoa year V.UO tmlly. Sunday included, out month ... .m How to Remit tend postolflce mppey or der, express .rder or personal chcl on your Ineal banli. Stamps, coin or currency are at sender's risk. Give pottgffioc a,dqre in full. Including county and atata. Fnstace Kales 12 to lt pages, 1 cenM la to Si' i"Kes, J cents; 34 to 48 pages, 3 cents: h to BO pases. 4 Cents; ui to 70 pagea. o on Is; 73 to OL pagea, cents. Foreign pe-Maste, double rates. Kattern Buxinroa Offices Vcrree & Conk. Iln, Brunswick buildints. New York; Verree Cenklln, Stcser building, Chicago; San J'rani-iBco representative, it. J. Bldweli, 4 Market stre. t. rORTLANO, FRIDAY, OCTOBER 13. MIS. TIU5 SHALK OF "CHRISTIAN" EUROPE, While the eyes of the world are fastened on the battlefields of Eu rope, a crime is being committed in Asia, which at any other time would have caller forth a cry of execration from ' all civilized mankind.- The Turkish government' has deiyfepately net to work to exterminate the Armen ian race. Any who survive will sur vive not as Armenians, but as Turks, forced to adopt the Moslem faith in order to save their lives. They are ' mostly women and girls, taken into the harems of their eaptors. This is no local outburst of blood lust and fanaticism; it is general from the Russian border throughout Asia Minor and as far south as t'yria. The dead number hundreds of thou sands and the total swells daily. Many are massacred in the cities and villages. Many more die by the road side of exhaustion, of starvation, or fif the brutalities inflicted on them. Still more die of famine in the desert to which they arc driven, without food, clothes or shelter. If per mitted to halt in a place which could be cultivated, they have neither sued nor tools nor money to buy them. Ac cording to James Bryce the massa cred mw number 800,000 and the list is still growing. Reports from many eye-witnesses . have been collected by the Committee 011 Armenian Atrocities. This committee, composed of Americans whose r.umes are sufficient warrant for the fullest credence, vouches for the sources of its information as "unquestioned as to the veracity, integrity and authority of the writers," but in most cases Oare rot publish names, even of cities, lest the writers "suffer irreparable harm." The trouble began with the collae tion of soldiers in the middle of May. Many wealthy Armenians bought ex emption and many more escaped . service in other ways, so that tl.eie were more Armenians than Turks left in some cities. "This made the gov ernment suspicious and fearful," says one writef, and "the discovery of Ar menian plots against the government added to this feeling." About twenty leading men of the Armenian political parties were imprisoned, search for arms began, torture and the bastinado extorted confessions that a large num ber of arms were In the hands of Ar menians. These arms had been brought in with the permission of the government after the constitution was proclaimed and were'for self-defense only. The local authorities acted under the following order: The commanders of the army, of inde pendent army corps and of divisions may, in case of military necessity, and in case .they nubpfi-t espionage or treason, send away, either singly or in mass, the inhabitants of villages or towns and install them in other I places. ; This order was given the broadest 5 Interpretation, according to Turkish J custom. The younger men were gaih- ered up first, marched away and mas J sacred by wholesale. The old men, S women and children were ordered to leave their homes on such short notice i that women were compelled to leave j clothes in the washtubs and take the j road barefoot and half clad, leaving J children behind. In many cases they J were not permitted to carry anything ; or to sell anything. In others they I sold goods to the Turks at one-tenth I of their value. The police stole vs.1- uables from abandoned houses and ! the Turkish mob took the rest. Mar.y 3 were obliged to leave food and bed J ding in the streets. Men were bound j together with ropes or chains, and J "women with little children in their arms wero driven along under the whip like cattle." Women became so i exhausted that they left their chil J dren beside the road and many died. 5 In some places the government neither J fed the exiles nor permitted the inhabi ! tants to feed them. In others a scanty 1 supply of bread was given them. When a crowd of exiles reached the i country, it was set upon by armed . villagers or Kurds, who murdered the J men and older boys, committed un J speakable outrages on the cornelier women and girls or carried them off I as slaves or worse. Criminals by thousands were released to murder the people. The gendarmes v.-orked -their will with the women. Men by the hundreds were marched out of the cities and massacred, only an oc casional one escaping to tell what had happened. Others were landed on boats and shot or thrown Into the rivers. When women and old men became too weak to travel, they were bayoneted from behind and thrown into the rivers, where the bodies floated down to the sea or lodged in shallows and putrefied. Conversion to Islamism was the only escape offered. One writer apys: During; this reign of terror notice was given that escape was easy; that any one who accepted Islam would ba allowed to re main safely at home. The offices of the lawyers who recorded application were crowded with people petitioning to become Mohammedans. Many did it for the sake of their women and children, feeling that It would be a matter of only a few weeks be fore relief would come. Even those who of fered to accept Islam were sent away. Thousands were driven into the steppes of Mesopotamia, thousands more into the desert along the Eu phrates, and one woman who thus suf fered writes: 1 The worst and most unimaginable horrors were reserved for u at the banka of the Eu phrates and in the Erzlngian plain. The mutilated bodiea of women, girls and Uttie children made everybody shudder. The bandsmen were doing all sorts of awful deeds to the women and girls that were with tin. whose cries went up to heaven. At the Kuphrates, the bandsmen and gendarmes threw into the river all the remaining chil dren under fifteen years old. Those that could swim were shot down as thev struggled in the water. Many exiles gathered at Der-el-Zar, a great city in the wilderness, six days' journey from Aleppo, "ragged, filthy, hungry and sick." An eye witness thus describes their feeding time: I watched them one time when their food was brought, wild auUoals could not be werse. They rushed upon the wards who carried the food and the guards beat them back with clubs, hitting hard enough to kill them sometimes. To watch them one could hardly believe that these people were human beings. The responsibility for this huge crime rests primarily on Turkey. Count von Reventlow defends it as "a. measure of a Justified and necessary character," but almost all of so-called Christian Europe must share the re sponsibility. In 1853, Christian Rus sia attempted to deliver the Christian Armenians and to bring them under her less brutal tyranny, but Christian Britain, Christian France and Christian Sardinia (now included in Italy) went to Turkey's aid and thwarted Russia. Agitin in 1878 Russia would have wrested Armenia from Turkey, but Christian Britain backed by other na tions again forbade it. The Christian nations of Europe are now fighting among themselves and enacting scenes which in some respects rival those of Turkish barbarity. Even had any of them the will they are too preoc cupied to save the Armenians from extermination. The massacres in Armenia are a, blot not only on Turkey but on all Eu rope. But for Europe's intrigues and Jealousies, Armenia would long sir.ee have been a free country, or at least its people would have been moderate ly secure in their lives and posses sions. Neither' Britain, nor France nor Italy is in a position to cast the ftr3t stone at Turkey or at her ac complice, Germany. All are acces sories before the fact. LOOKING FORWARD. The venerable State of Massachu setts clings to the political convention, in form, if not in ita entire substance as. our unenlightened and nonprogres sive fathers had it; for it meetj mere.'y to declare the party faith by -.d option of a platform and to ratify the primary" nominations. The Republican platform of Massa chusetts is regarded by many us the opening gun for the 131-5 campaign, for it is a liberalized, expressive, and non-reactionary document, calculated to disarm the Progressives and to prove that the Republican world do move. For example, take this plank: "We favor -the further extension and development-' of opportunity for vocational, technical and general education and train, ing: healthful housing and fire protection; reasonable hours and conditions of labor; especially in those industries continuously operating for twenty-four hoars; the cre ation of labor exchanges and the develop ment of suoh Industrial organisations aj will tend to minimize unemployment and to distribute its effects whan unavoidable pW3r thea entire Industrial field. We call to the attention of the Legislature the subject of social insurance and the consideration and investigation of some system which will protect the home life against the hazards of sickness, irregular employment and old age. But we do not believe in offering public aid ae a substitute for industry and fru gality. We don't find anything there about the initiative and referendum, to be sure, or the recall of Judicial, deci sions. But it seems to no fairly ad vanced progressive doctrine. The Progressive party In Massachu setts has fallen to pieces; but the rem nants seem to have found lodgment in the Republican organization and to have leavened the whole lump. SOMEBODY ELSE'S MONEY. Our generous Mayor puts the man above the dollar not only men, but women and children and is disposed to give the other City Commissioners, as well as himself, everything asked for. At least one other Commissioner has the same benevolent ideas about the needs of alr"the city departments, including his own. while .Commis sioner Baker has to be shown. Com missioner Daly and Commissianer Bigelow, too, are skeptical about the merit of many proposed expenditures, and so far have done well. Making up a city budget is a most interesting proceeding. But the nig- j nificant and instructive feature about the .budget discussion is after all not the failures of the respective items, but the striking illustration it gives of the new method of city government. Under the old system the historic system, fundamental in Nation, state and city- the executive and legisla tive functions are separated. Here the executive officers of the city meet as a legislative body and pass on the merits of their respective recommendations, making the appro priations for their own departments. Under the old system, the depart ment heads made their estimates and asked for certain appropriations; and another body the CounclJ, or the Legislature passed on them. But now we have thought It iwise to invest the officer who expends the money with the power to appropriate it. Moreover, it is somebody else's money. NOW FOR THE POST-MORTEMS. The chief merit of baseball is that it is like women or some women 'mighty onsartin. Your scientific dopester will tell you exactly what is going to happen; but it never does or hardly ever. Our old friend Christy Mathewson said that the late world's series would last seven games; but it was over in five. The mighty Alex ander was expected to win more than once for Philadelphia; but he did not. He won once, through good fortune, and not by the prowess of his good Tight arm. Cravath, who wields an invincible bat, was going to knock the cover off the ball, or several of them; but he struck out six times. Tet home runs were made three of them in one game by minor stars and there was great pitching and brilliant fielding. The games were all exceedingly close all of them but one affording a margin of a single run and the spectators and the bulletin board bugs got the worth of their money. The crowds divide and "root" or "pull" for one team or the other. Just why your ardent fan should shout himself into near-apoplexy for Boston or Philadelphia no man knoweth; but so it is. It wouldn't be baseball if the crowd did not care who won. The game's the thing to be sure, but what would the game amount to without packed grandstands and uproarious bleachers? We have often wondered who are the men and boys that patronize the ball games day in and out? They have money to buy tickets and time to spend during that part of the cay when most men are busy with their own concerns. But perhaps the ques tion just now is impertinent. The season is over, the championship , has gone to the best team, and the sport ing world Is at peace, except for the post-mortems. Defense plans to cost $400,000,000 have been approved by the President, but whether Congress will permit such a depletion of the pork barrI remain? to be seen. Some astute Congressman may raise the point that adding a few thousand officers ani men at 1dj;cg rates of puy to the regular Army will Increase the expense but not the de fenses. An increase of three or four regiments in the Army will leave that diminutive organization in the same old category of a National police force A few more captain vill " become majors and room may be made for an additional bevy of Held and general officers. But we will remain quite undefended. The principal need is en couragement of a better tltien sol diery, of which little mention is made in the Administration plan. EVENTS DISCREDIT BRYAN. President Wilson's success in the negotiations with Germany has left Mr. Bryan up in the air. It has proved the falsity of his predictions of war as the consequence of a firm stand with the possibility of a clash Of arm clearly outlined in the back ground. It has "proved that Mr. Wil son judged wisely when he assumed that Germany would draw back when confronted with such a. possibility. There was never a more positive demonstration of the truth that readi ness to use force prevents war with out sacrifice of National rights, while a fixed determination not to make war can prevent war only at the cost of National humiliation. Mr. Bryan's presence at the State Department was the greatest menaoe to the peaceful relations between this country and Germany. It was so be cause so long as he remained there Germany was encouraged by his peace-at-any-price sentiments to try the patience of this Nation to the limit. There was danger that Ger many might pass that limit and might produce a. situation from which there would be no' escape except war. The American people might in that case have driven the President, by' the force of its indignation, to dismiss Mr. Bryan and send an ultimatum to Ger many, to which there could be no an swer but a refusal, Aa a statesman who can evolve a policy whereby this Nation can pre serve peace with honor, Mr. Bryan has been thoroughly discredited. His in fluence in combating the President's National defense proposals is propor tionately diminished. He will no doubt rally a certain number of ultra pacifists and pro-Germans in Congress against those proposals, but his best chance of effective opposition lies In dvyelling'on the cost of defense meas ures and in cunning appeals to Con gressmen's greed for spoils which ex- penditure on defense would leave un satisfied. Whether Mr. Bryan will carry his advocacy of pacifism and his opposi tion to National defense into the next contest for the Democratic Presiden tial nomination is a subject of inter esting speculation. He is credited with sincere personal friendship for Mr. Wilson, which might restrain him from opposing the latter's renomina tion, though he could not advocate it without sacrificing his devotion to the single-term theory. But his influence ha been seriously diminished by his career as Secretary of State', and par ticularly by its ending. People still crowd to his lectures, but many go rather to be entertained and to see a celebrity, as they go to Niagara Falls, than as political followers. Most sig nificant of the falling away of his ad herents is the new enthusiasm of his once faithful lieutenant. Secretary Daniels, for National defense. The latter, as a shrewd politician, saw which way the wind of public senti ment was blowing and set his sails to catch it. PRESIDENTIAL ROMANCES. Cupid' performed no particularly new feat when he stole into the White House and scored' a dead center on the President of the United States. This staid old institution appears to have been a favorite abiding place of the little love god. When wearied by endless conquests of diplomats and minor officials he has been wont to slip by and play for bigger game. Relatives of Presidents have been fre quent targets of the sharp little love darts, and wedding bells have run through the halls of the White House with nearly every generation. In fact, driving- the shafts of romance straight to the heart of the President appears to have been quite as simple a matter on several occasions as hitting an or dinary target. That Cupid's score among Presidents has not been much higher is due, no doubt, to the fact that he had singled out most of them before they arose to that exalted post. There are several points of rather striking similarity in Woodrow Wil son's latest romance and that of John Tyler, who married for the sec ond time while President. In common with Mr. Wilson. Tyler lost the wife of long years spent in struggling for success after he had achieved his life goal. For many months he was op pressed by a heavy heart and gloomy soul, finding no consolation except In the exacting work of his exalted office. Then the mystic darts of Cupid, carry ing their subtle antidote of fresh ro mance, dispelled the clouds of gloom and revived the sober President rf the United States of the year 1813 in pre cisely the same way that the mimcle was wrought in 1915. Between the death of the first Mrs. Tyler and the advent of the new first lady, a period of about two years elapsed, or only a few months more than in the :nodern romance. Tyler's first marriage occurred when as a merexboy he led his love of schoolboy days to the altar. Miss Letitia Christian, daughter of a riis tinguished Virginian, and a young woman of rare charm and beauty, took her place beside the obscure young man and helped him bravely through the long battle that carried him to the fore rank of men of his day. It was not until victory had been won and the White House was their abode that she lagged in the struggle through failing health. During the second year of President Tyler's Administration she succumbed to a stroke of paralysis. The second Winter thereafter Presi dent Tyler met Miss Gardiner, an at tractive and accomplished girl, who was at once a belle of the capital end a social favorite. Friendship quickly ripened into love and a few months later the President, quite unsuspected by hie closest friends, slipped uv.ay to New Tork and was wedded to Miss Gardiner in the Church of the Ascension. Grover Cleveland's romance Is still fresh in memory. He attained the Presidency unaided and alone, and in spite of a-broken heart, if we may be lieve reports of that day. The story of "The Honorable Peter Stirling" is currently believed to reflect Cleve land's own romances. But -whether it is true that he wooed and lost the charming lady who gave her affections to Cleveland's law associate, the fact remains that many years later he led their winsome daughter into the White House to become his bride. Madison, Jefferson and Jackson are Presidents 1 whose romances have been recorded in detail by history, but Cupid played his pranks with them before the days of their ascent to the White House. Jack son's affair of the heart came to a tragic end in the very hour- of his triumph, Mrs. Jackson passing beyoid, victim of gossip, we are told. The fiery Jackson, it appears, had cast languishing eyes upon a Mrs. Lewis Robards in the Kentucky boarding-house where he sojourner long before visions .of the Presidency had entered his brain. . Robards sus pected that tho affections of his wife were being diverted from their normal channel and made so much of a. stir that Jackson moved his place of resi dence. The husband's jealousy did not abate itself, and Jackson on hear ing of remarks made by the irate spouse, lost control of his fiery temper and advised Robards that repstitiort of his comments would lead to an opera tion for removal of It'obarda tars. Cowed by the powerful and tempestu ous Jackson, Robards finally sought consolation in the divorce court, whereupon Jackson wedded the grass widow, only to. find two years later that Robards had not completed the divorce; whereupon a second cere mony was performed. It was when General Jackson was a candidate that the tale was circulated by his enemies, and the effect upon Mrs. Jackson, who suffered from heart weakness, was such that she succumbed. Jackson cid not remarry. Cupid has not always been success ful In his White House operations, and there is no prettier story of fidelity to the memory of a life partner than the touching romance of Thomas Jeffer son. The bride of his young man hood was the accomplished and beau tiful Martha Skelton. Jefferson was ever unresponsive to feminine graces after the woman who had shared his struggles, Joys and sorrows, was cut down by the Grim Reaper. Inconsol able in her death, he found no later surcease In the charms of another. She was his one and only love and the somberness of her loss never Jeft the master of the White House during his long tenure. His heart, with its treasured memories of one who had been called hence, remained locked to intruders until the end, although through trie years he' was President, we may believe that many glanced with longing eyes upon the unjie'.dir.-g combination. The Miss Friday who wedded on the 13th may reasonably expect a -long and happy life. People who aren't subject to superstitious fears must be invested with that normal courage and sense which makes for success and felicity. It is the person for ever haunted by the shadows of fear who gets the least. out of life and who Is first to seize upon, the threads of discord and weave them into a haunt ing fabrio of grief. Superstitious awe reveals a weakness, although it may not be a. serious one. If the facts were known marriages held in the face of current superstition may be the most successful ones. An embargo has been put on gun powder to stop slaughter in Northern Mexico, so reports have it. But that will not end the chaos. So long as the Greasers have knives and hemp the lawless spilling of human blood will continue. Establishment of a stable government is the one hope of a state south of the Rio Grande, and we see no proepeets of that in the latest Gringo solution of Mexican -difficulties. English women are being- urged to marry crippled and maimed soldiers. Naturally the response isn't very heavy. The hero is an idol of the fair sex so long as he remains intact, but when his fine physique ha been shat tered by shell and punctured 'jy shot, the glamour disappears. The average woman, we very much fear, would prefer a whole poltroon to a hero in fragments. In the latest Zeppelin raid on Lon don a mistake appears to have been made. The raiders killed a British soldier. Of course, tne usual number of women and innocent bystandeis were slaughtered, but the fctriking down of a combatant i3 crue? and un usual. There Is still a chance that a3 the result of the New Haven directors' trial, some trust magnates may go to jail, but it is a slim one. It is a long, long way through the mazes of the law to a jail-door and many lose their way. A man may put one over the police by keeping them off when they do not have a warrant, but if ever they catch him out late he'll ride the wagon. Since the Mayor of Indianapolis was acquitted of election frauds Tom Taggart is howling for a speedy trial. A change of the moon might kill the charm. If the allies continue shipping geld, the United States may have all the world's gold and other nations may have no money except shinplasters. The Council has declared the East Side grade crossing to be dangerous. People who have to cross the tracks declared the same thing; long ao. Peace propagandists will attempt to have the neutral nations end the war. The neutral nations have their hands full remaining neutral. Would Booth have been murdered if his murderers had had the vision of a noose before their eyes? It is doubtful. The champions and near champs are not coming to the Coast. That is well. 'The days will be too chilly for ball. It would be easier for the Germans to start epidemics in London and kill more than by use of Zeppelins. The series lasted too quick for Pat Moran's plans; just so the hare and tortoise and dog and rabbit. The revolution microbe has at last strayed across the southern boundary of Mexico into Guatemala. A hold-up man shows nerve in rob bing a lawyer, but perhaps once he was a defendant and lost. Having been given its monthly vc-te of confidence, the French Cabinet will now return to its duties. Generally the man who kills his divorced wife does a great deal better job by Killing himself. The economy ax up at the City Hall seems to be getting- all nicked up in the first use. COtPi-H KIIOILI) SAVE ox sisoo Youag I an should Look for Wife Who Will Accept Better or Worse. PORTLAND. Oct. 14.-(To the Editor.) Several letters have ap peared in The Oregonian of late touch ing the matter of matrimony on etated incomes varying from 990 to J150 per month. One timid, uninitiated young man truthfully recites his fear of tak ing to himself a bride on a. salary of 1150 a month. He is afraid of finan cial ruin, sees shamefacedness and dts grace on the splendid Income of J1800 a year. In the name of common home sen-Be, have we reached such a height of in credulity on the ladder of human af fairs? Does the young man not know that thousands of families of six or more persons are living well on less than two-thirds of the figure of which he is afraid? . Does he not know that there are other thousands of families getting on quite comfortably even on $50 per month? Has the young swain not yet learned that more families are disrupted, broken up, ruined on an in come of tlSOO than on J1000 per year? Now, if the good-intentioned but mis guided young fellow will cease looking for a "June bride" and. rather, search out a. young woman as a life partner, a constant companion, a. helper, a. real mental, moral, physitfal and financial aide, he might be able to lay aside t75 monthly from the $100 a year, and yet be happy and contented like the proverbial clam. I am a single man, yea, one whom some might class as a poor man; but let it be said here and now that tuo woman who might become my partner, companion, inspiration, would do so be cause she, like-minded with myself, would be willing to walk the plank that I' may walk, and take with me, share and share alike, the joys and sorrows, the opulence and adversity, the sunshine and shadow that might bo before, us. Eighteen hundred dollars a year! There are bankers who, with their fam ilies, live on less. "N. L.," in Tuesday's Oregonian, has well said that the $150 couple should not get married at all. Suppose, after marriage, he should lose his job and be unable to duplicate It; what then? The poor farm, want, mis ery, extinction? No. If they were in love with each other; if they were suited as young or older married peo ple should be, they would begin at the lowest rung of the ladder and climb, climb up, higher and higher together. I would not want to marry a woman who might want me because I might be the possessor of a fine home and an automobile;, rather. I would seek a. w ne-companion, who wanted me for me. just me. Question: Have we paseed the age of such marriages? If so, we had bet ter hastily retrace our steps and then, then we shall ha!ve cheated the divorce courts and routed the divorce lawver, . A SINGLE MAN. High rniKSTEss of f;o,lality Mrs. uumnay Ranks With Susan B. Anthony and Kllzabeth Cody Stanton. PENDLETON, Or.. Oct. 12. (To the editor.; vm you grant me the privi lege of your columns to pay a tribute to the memory of Abigail Scott Dunl way, whose name, like that of her dis tinguished brother. Harvev W. Scntti so closely interwoven in the web of woor 01 Oregon history that the joint story of their lives might well be the story of the statehood of the common wealth? In these tiays, when equal' suffrage has become popular and when politi cians find It politic to advocate it, there is danger of forgetting- that this woman for years stood almost alone in ad vocacy of the reform, which in the last analysis is common justice. Just as truly as Elizabeth , Cady Stanton and Susart B. Anthony are enthroned as priestesses of equality upon the Atlan tic, Mrs. Dunlway has earned the honor upon the Pacific. No other name can rival hers in the field where for 60 years she labored, and where she waa happily permitted to witness the triumph of her cause. It took courage to be a suffragist in the '60s. No weakling could have confronted the rough, keen humor of the campaigners who opposed the move ment then, men who are artists both In argument and ridicule. This woman was a match for all of them. The seeds which she sowed perhaps were slow in germinating, but they never died. The debt due her from the womanhood of Oregon may never be paid. STEPHEN A. LOWELL THE HOnM RAIL FENCE. Among your boyhood memories, ye desert-pated men. There's one almost forgotten mayhap comes to you again; You see it in sigzaggy shape strung , out on every hand, . Like arteries webbed through the farms, back in the sunrise land. Its rails were often decked with moss and matted o'er with vines. No engineering skill was used in run ning out its lines; It threaded through the growing fields and through the forests dense. That relic of olden days, the worm rail fence. Along its old time-seasoned rails the squirrels used to run. And after them the country .boy and Towser and the gun Until they'd reach the old home trees, the waiting safety goals. To laugh at their pursuers from their cunning little holes. Within the corners of the fence the wild blackberries grew. And jaybirds through the tangled vines with saucy language flew. And garter snakes were often seen in striped evidence Coiled in the sheltering grass 'along the worm-rail fence. In your imagination don't you some times stroll again Linked to a pretty country girl along the narrow lane. When all the world was rosy-hued and life a golden dream. And every heartbeat seemed to speak of happiness1 supreme? Can you recall the loving words you poured into her ear. The pressure of her clinging arm, her laugh so sweet and clear? . And how the birds would chirp at you from out the bushes dense Along the lane 'twas bordered by the worm-rail fence. You ask what brings to memory this thing of olden time. What leads us in a tuneful fit to sing of It In rhyme? The answer may create a smile, but candor bids us say The subject came to mind in a quite unromantlc way. Upon a street last eve we met a man of family Who'd overestimated his highball ca pacity. And as he rubberlegged along toward his residence He walked like he was laying out a W . , f o 1 e r I n ma c r e. -JAMES BARTON ADAMS. Value of Violin. SANDY. Or.. Oct. 12. (To the Edi tor.) I have a very fine-toned violin, with the name "Offenbach" printed on the back and the words, "Antonius Stradlvnrlus Ceremonefls, Faciebat Anno. 1716," printed Inside the violin. I would like to know if such an instru ment has any special value. Thanking you. SUBSCRIBER. Thousands of cheap violins bear the inscription mentioned. Only an expert could tell whether tho instrument's tone gives it unusual value, ' TlItfRB TO KNFOUCE NOT QUESTION Labor Commission Mill Enforce Wel fare Board's Rules, RcaTardless. SALEM. Or., Oct. H. (To the Edi tor.)! noticed in published state ments regarding the prosecution of Mr. R. D. Fontana, manager of the Oregon Packing Company, for work ing women in violation of the Indus trial Welfare Commission's ruling, that Mr. Dey, attorney for the defend ant, in making his plea of guilty, claimed the company had been har assed to the point of desperation by the State Labor Commissioner and others, and that this would necessitate the moving of the plant out of the state. I can say that, as far as I know, every case against the Oregon Pack ing Company has been brought into court by the State Labor Commissioner and his deputies, and no one else should be blamed for the prosecutions. The Industrial Welfare Commission ers are responsible for making the rulings, but I am responsible for the enforcement of the same. I can faith fully promise that as far as it is within my power, every ruling laid down by this Commission will, during by ad ministration.' be enforced, even if it drives every factory out of the state. Jn doing my duty in this matter, it is not for me to question the rulings of the Industrial Welfare Commission, whether they sre right or wrong. The Commissioners hold their office by vir tue of legislative enactment under appointment by the Governor; they are here at all times to answer for themselves and to make such rulings as they may see fit under authority granted them. If there is any danger Of driving, by their rulings, factories out of the state, the matter should be placed before them. It is up to those who are interested, if they con sider the Commission's rulings wrong, to place the matter before it; if there is anything wrong, the remedy is in that Commission. In regard to my harassing these people, I can answer that best by call ins; your attention to the court records. where you will find that In every case brought against thiB company for working; females beyond the legal limit, except in one case, the manager either pleaded guilty or was found guilty. The exceptional case was one tried before a jury in Judge Dayton's District Court. In this case there was no question about the violation of the law; they admitted that: but the at torney. Mr. Dey, made the Plea before the jury that the last Legislature had, by Its action in giving the Industrial Welfare Commission authority to grant emergency relief, virtually instructed tne industrial Welfare Commission to give the necessary relief in emer gencies such as occur when more fruit comes in than can be handled within the legal limit; also in his pleading he stated mat sucn reiier had been prom ised by- at least one of the Commis sioners at the time the bill glvinar them the authority was before the legislature. This relief, he claimed was mandatory on the Commission, but that it failed to comply with the same. The Jury seemed to take the same view of the matter regardless of the admis sion of violating the ruling. and found the defendant not guilty. In those cases brought since that time against Mr. Fontana, and passed on by the grand jury, bringing in an indictment against him, he had an op portunity to vindicate himself by a plea of not guilty, and thereby placing his case before 12 citizens, the vote of each one being necessary to find him guilty and proclaim that he had not been unnecessarily harassed. O. P. 1IOFF. State Labor Commissioner. YOTNG LOVE HAPPY IN RESULTS. Normal Instinct Prompts Happier I niona Than Calm ReaaoninK. PORTLAND, Oct. 14. (To the Ed itor.) Your editorial 011 "Reason Ver sus Instinct," quotes the creed to prove the creed, in asserting that "the most dangerous thing we have to guard against is that instinct which Impels very young persons into matrimonial ventures. . . . The happy union is the one that has been reasoned out." Nothing is easier than to advocate extremes. Observation extending over nearly 50 years, during which time something like 1000 marriages have been solemnized, lead me to the con clusion that young people under the operation of normal instinct make far happier unions than those of older per son's who deal ordinarily in balancing, calculating marriage. The latter are the ones that furnish the courts with most of their burdensome divorce busi ness. I remature and childish marriages do occur, but not in sufficient numbers to ma.:e them "the most dangerous thing," and where they do take place, parental care, or the lack of it. is usually re sponsible. However, abnormal cases of children getting married do not com pare in the aggregate with the un happy results of the commercial trans actions where the tragedies are. Young people, without practice in such matters, are endowed by instinct with ability to carry out arrangements necessary for their own well being in love making and marriage. Otherwise civilization would be impossible. As the physical system develops, structure and function, guided by instinct, supple ment and eo-ordlnnte with each other, the whole commending themselves to reason, which indicates with safety the best course to be pursued. The best things the average human being ever does are done under Instinctive im pulse: though this, it Is admitted, re quires safeguarding. C. E. CLINE. Tribute to Mrs. Duniway. SEATTLE., Wash.. Oct. 13. (To the Editor.) Death, everr though It be ex pected, always comes with a shock. When tho one who passes was dear in life, then is the shock greatest. The death of Mrs. Abigail Scott Dun iway has shocked all Oregon, for she was loved as no other woman of the state has been loved. Hunt the wide world over, and nowhere will you find a more noble woman a woman who lived for her family and labored for the betterment of mankind. It has been my great privilege to have seen her in her home. Ever since her son. Willis. said. "This is my friend." have I likened the dear, kind soul to my own sainted mother. 'TIs such mothers as she that have made this great free country what it is. A look Into her kindly eyes made you recall the day when your arms clung about your dear old mother's neck and you looked up Into eyes which beamed with naught but love. It being a holy and wholesome thought to pray for the dead, I do pray the Omnipotent One that he may have her soul In his holy keeping. M. J. ROCHE. . Military Drill In Colleges. MONMOUTH. Or.. Oct. 12. (To the Editor.) Please advise me if military training is compulsory in the university of any state. If so, what states? F. EBBESEN. State educational institutions which have accepted the terms of the Morrill land grant act must give instruction in military tactics. There are 49 col leges and universities in all. or one institution in each state and one in Hawaii. In Oregon it is the Agricul tural College at Corvallis. In addition, at the University of Washington. Uni versity of Iowa and Virginia Military Institute, student drill is compulsory Insofar as the faculty may determine. Each of the latter three states also has a land-grant couege. 1 ne names 01 land-grant colleges can be obtained rmm the United States Bureau of Edu cation's manual, usually obtainable at public libraries. European War Primer Pr Rational Geographical Socle?. Westende, the little Belgian coast town where the long German lino in the west flanks upon the North Sea, has frequently been under bombard ment by English gunboats during tho last several weeks. The small resort, figuring so often in the press dis patches, is described as follows: While the first-line German trenches run through Nieuport, a couple of miles beyond Westende. the latter town has been subjected to innumerable, attacks from the sea. as a base immediately behind the trenches. Two lines of coastal railway from Ostend. one built along the seashore and tho other paral leling it less than a mile inland, meet at Westende, whence they bend away from the sea, to the south of N'jeu port, crossing tho Yser River Into the Allies' country as a triinklino. Dure ing the bathing season in peaces times, electric cars were run on short-timo schedules over these lines, carrying happy vacation crowds from Ostend to Nieuport. Oost Duinkerke and back again the Germans have endeav ored under a hail of shells to keep tho lines open as ways for the transport of supplies to the front. The stretch of North Sea coast, from Ostend to French Dunkirk, is dotted thick with Summer resorts, which have enjoyed a wide international popular ity. Along tho electric ralway from Ostend are Marlakcrke Baths. Mlddle kerkA Baths. Westende Baths, Lom bartzyde Baths and Nieuport Baths, and tho way to Westende is little more then seven miles. The baths at West ende vied with Ostend in the matters of wealth and importance of their guests, for this little knot of modern villas back from the seashore was ono of the most fashionable resorts alonu the coast. The broad field of hill-Iiish sand dunes begins just below Westende, and sweeps down the coast far behind the lines of tho allies. These Belgian sand piles have become known every where for the frightful carnage which has taken pjaco among them. In this same field of dunes, which extends southwest to the French frontier, was fought, in lbOrt, the Battle of the Dunes. whn each sand hlilock between West ende and Lombartzyde was crimsoned with the blood of dead and dying. The bitter, merciless figiitinjf along thi.-i strip today is but a few miles south west of the old battlefield. IT IS HARD -WORK AT SMALL PAY Writer Saya Clantdicgrra Earned Only CIS Each In Meat Month. OCEAN PARK, Wash., Oct. 12. (To the Editor.) I wish to corroborate the letter of C. F. .Myers in which be plainly says there is no money to be earned at digging clams. Last month the experienced diggers here earned an average of lo each. With the pos sible exception of April and May, Sep tember is supposed to be the season's best month. There will be weeks at a time when the hiith surf will absolutely protect the clams; attain, on the best of days, an east wind will come and the clams avoid the cold by -disappearing to a great depth. If you seek an experience similar to that offered thflMA nnnr rivlla 1 refer to the diggers put on a pair of hip boots and get a shovel, a bucket and a lantern, then go out on the pave ment and stamp with all your might for five hours. Prospective diggers should imagine that they are on the beach, and that the stamping is neces sary as the jar causes the clam holes to show, bounds gloomy docs it not? Well, the six disirers who returned last night with half a box between them are not exultant. If the two in experienced men that Commissioner Baker sent here c-ot 4 ach fm- tha box they together dug on their first at tempt. I am afraid thev were -naid for the bull con they apparently have handed Mr. Baker. Now if VOU are in ri:lll2rr nf Klarvino- come and clam, because truly you can manage to earn your livelihood. CLAM D1JG KU. THE PUNCH. Tell me thy recipe. Author, whose book 1 se. Bringing prosperity. Outselling all. What is the magic rule Taught thee in life's hard school. So sure that sage or fool May fame forestall? "This is the method 1 Find makes the dollars fly Into my strongbox hish Voila, the hunch: Loads of Inanity, Flavored with vanity. Mixed with profantty-f- This has the punch!" MARIE CRAIG LE GAUL. ClanidlicRert Often Idle. OCKAN PARK. Wash.. Oct. 12. (To the Editor.) I am very glad we have one man who understands the question of clam-digging, and is not afraid to speak the truth, regardless of whom lie may place In the wrong. When I read of the fabulous waces diggers were makintr and. being a resi dent of the seashore and knowing there are days and days when the dig gers do not earn enough to pay for their salt, it seemed a pity to allow this misrepresentation to go abroad and en tice poor men to spend their last cent to reach the "land of gold." This little burg is overrun with strangers today, and every train brings new victims. Times are hard enough at best. Why fool the poor man? Thanks to O. T. Meyers, of McMinn ville. for speaking- the truth. CONSTANT READER. (German Soil In Hands of Enemy. PORTLAND. Oct. 14. (To the Editor.) (1) Do the allies occupy German ter ritory on the west front'.' If so. where? -) Do Americans lose their citizenship by remaining In a foreign country a length of time? READER. 1. The French occupy about 300 square miles of German territory in Alsace. Otherwise, Germany and Aus tria now face no actual invasion. 2. No, but they may surrender it voluntarily. Poem Is Wanted. PORTLAND, Oct. 14. (To the Ed itor.) Can anyone inform me where I can find the poem entitled "Fifty Years Ago," the first line: "A sons for the early times out West," etc. 1 be lieve it was in Wilson's Fourth or Fifth Reader. It cannot be found in Library. SUBSCRIBER. The Short Road to Market Mr. Manufacturer, when you use newspaper advertising you are tak ing the short, direct route to mar ket. You are choosing the markets that suit you best. You are inspiring your dealers and getting directly to your con sumers. You are securing co-operation from the retailers that can be had In no other way. You are cutting out all waste and extravagance, for you can balance costs and sales.