THE MORXIXG OBEGQXIAX, TDESD1T, OCTOBER 12. 1913.
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PORTLAXD, TCESDAY, OCTOBEB IS, 1915.
A LESSON FROM BETHLEHEM.
One of the spectacular industrial
successes of the present day is the
growth of the Bethlehem Steel Com
pany under the presidency of Charles
M. Schwab. He bought the company
in 1902 after It had, in the language
of the New York Herald, "been kicked
about as a football of finance for ssv
eral years, only to be ditched finally
in the wreck of the United States
Shipbuilding Corporation." He has
built it up "from a creditless corpo
ration, scarcely able to pay the 3000
employes, to a veritable Gibraltar of
industry, to which nearly 40,000 em
ployes pay their tribute In eager serv
ice." The South Bethlehem ordnance
plant had surpassed Krupp's betore
the war, has since been enlarged and
is the greatest in the world. But
unlike Krupp's and the great English
plants, it is "as prolific in manufac
ture of implements of peace as in that
nf the instruments of war." In addi
tion to the parent plant, there ere
subsidiaries in Pennsylvania and New
.York, shipyards at Quincy, Mass., "Wil
mington, Del., and San Francisco, and
iron mines in Cuba and New York.
We mention these facts not to extol
a great industry, but to call attention
to the things which can be done by
the methods which Mr. Schwab has
pursued, when ability such as his is
applied to them. He is one of the crop
of millionaires which graduated from
the steel works of Andrew Carnegie,
having begun as woikmen. That
shrewd Scotchman never placed a man
in a responsible position at the head
of a department without making him
a'partner, and thus giving him an in
terest in its success aside from a sal
ary. With scarcely an exception these
partners became millionaires, and Mr.
Schwab is one of them. He adopted
the Carnegie method. He selected for
the dozen heads "boys" taken from
minor positions at Bethlehem, after
having "surveyed the field for the
highest quality of human material to
manage every department." This is
what he says of them:
I pulled them together in a spirt of har
mony. 1 Imbued them with the Idea that
entiment should have Just as fisad a place
In the management of the plant as hard
work. 1 encouraged them to discover the
cost of steel production, but I Impressed
upon them that they and I and every em
p.oye should be linked together with the
hoops of a kindness which is stronger than
any steel. 1 paid them email salaries, but
1 also gave them a percentage or the plant's
earnings.
Not one of those boys has slipped a cog
Today every one of them Is sure of a com
fortable future. They are the life and soul
of the Bethlehem Steel Company. They all
are directors of the company and some of
them are directors in the corporation They
meet every day and decide the policy of
the company as a unit. They surcharge
every business transaction with sentiment
and their associations with the pleasantries
and familiarities of afrectlon.
The epirlt of the management pervades
the entire establishment i-hc -
forence between a business managed In New !
' manageu Dy men who come
Jjce to face every day and nearly every
hour of the day.
Preachers of discontent, who dwell
on the alleged fact that 9rj per cent of
the Nation's wealth Is owned by five
per cent of the people, may say that
the success of Bethlehem is founded
on money. It most emphatically is
not: it is founded on men. The cor
nerstone is Mr. Schwab's knowledge cf
steel, his judgment of men and his
untiring industry. The structure is
luilt up on the character, industry
and skill of those whom he proudly
calls "the boys." By these qualities
they cnused this creditless corporation
to make money and they attracted
more money. Capital was attracted
by their proved ability to make it
earn profits. Thus they are an exam
ple of the iwisdom of the late J. P.
Morgan's saying to the effect that
there were some men without a dollar
to whom he would lend a million and
others with a million to whom he
would not lend a dollar.
The principle which Mr. Schwab
applies in dealing with his bovs is
applied by them in dealing with the
thousands under them. The Her-tld
Bays:
They have reaped their millions from the
arrangement at Bethlehem whereby the
produce of profit is distributed in increas
ing proportions over the many thousands
engaged in creating the profit. That this
arrangement brings inevitably into play
harmony and mutuality of Interest in pro
duction and promotes Industrial peace Is the
ruling theory at Bethlehem.
Every man being given a personal
Interest and an inducement to take
rride in success, there is none of the
Btrife, bloodshed and destruction
which have disgraced Colorado coal
mines.
It is unhappily true that many great
fortunes have been built up by wrong
and injustice. It is also true that
many more great fortunes have been
built up in just, the manner in which
Mr. Schwab and hia "boys" are
huilding theirs. Men will accomplish
more for themselves and their coun
try if they will emulate the good ex
ample of the Bethlehem men than if
they rail at those who have won un
deserved success, making that an ex
cuse for indolence and neglect of
opportunity. ir these men will net
upon these words of Mr. Schwab, they
will lift themselves from among the
poor 95 per cent to a place among the
rich 6 per cent:
The boys at Bethlehem have succeeded be
cause they made their work their principal
pleasure pursuit. Success cannot feed upon
indolence any more than It can upon in
competency. The wheel of fortune or of
nappiness or of contentment does not roll
around for the man or woman who keeps
oi.e eye on the clock or who frets and fumes
because he or she suddenly Is called upon to
wqrk a few hours overtime with a social en
gagement In the way.
In by far the moat cases application, con
centration, persistence and alert Attention t
duty and tn-o interests of employers couni
a vney never am oeiore. certainly the per
centage of failures due to such qualities is
immeasurably smaller than that due to time
serving and clock watching.
The commodity most in demand in
this country is a combination of in
dustry and ability guided by con
science and it commands just such
high prices as Mr. Schwab pays. Its
possessor should have a motive above
the mere accumulation of 'money it
should have the desire for achieve
ment which, prompted Mr. Schwab to
say he cared nothing for money, tnat
if he had billions he could not live in
any more comfort, but that he
wanted to make Bethlehem "the high
est possible success the steel stand
ard for the world."
ABIGAIL SCOTT DCNIWAY.
Men and women . of Oregon no
longer young will fail to recall the
time when the name of Abigail Scott
Duniway was not synonymous with the
cause of equal suffrage. She was a
born crusader-r-enthusiastic, energetic,
eloquent, fearless and resourceful. She
was a pioneer who had suffered the
privations common to all men and
women in primitive states. She was a
woman who realized early the political
inequalities of her sex and the moral
and intellectual equality. , Long be
fore most women had been permitted
to think that there was something
better in civilized society for ' them
than to be mere burden-bearers at the
domestic hearth, she was abroad as
the evangel of woman's rights. She
was not heeded by the majority, either
of men or of women, for a great many
years; but she persevered, and in the
end she conquered.
It wouli no doubt be too much to
say that Mrs. Duniway alone won the
long struggle for the ballot in Oregon;
but it is quite true that she was the
"mother of suffrage," for she was
always the leader in the cause, and
during many dark days hers was
practically the only voice raised in
that behalf. She never faltered and
she never compromised.
But Mrs. Duniway was more than
the general of a growing and invinci
ble army of women fighting for the
franchise. She was an excellent
mother of a large family, and she was !
of necessity a bread-winner. She
reared and educated five sons and a
daughter, and she proudly proclaimed
them as her "greatest asset." She was
generous of time, means and service
in other causes, but she never got far
away from the ruling purpose of her
long life.
Mrs. Duniway lived to see her sex
enfranchised in Oregon and in many
other states, and she was content.
Her work was done, and she passed
peacefully on, conscious of the re
spect of a state, the dutiful affection
of her family, and the admiration and
confidence of many friends.
WASHINGTON CI TV OR KCGENEf
The people of Lane County do not want
legislation that will prevent investment of
capital In power plants on the Willamette
or McKenzie. for they want those plants
to be In operation at the earliest possible
opportunity. Eugene Register.
Of course they do. Let the com
munities which are near water power
sites consider whether they prefer to
aeai with the Federal Government or
with the state in developing their
water powers. Let us illustrate:
A company is organized at Eugene
to build a power plant on the Mc
Kenzie, which shall furnish light and
power to Eugene and its suburbs.
The site is on public land and, under
the Ferris bill, the. decision as to the
need of Eugene for light and power,
and as to the merit of the entire
plan, rests with the Secretary of the
Interior. If the site is on a forest
reserve the Secretary of Agriculture
must also be consulted. After the
plant shall be installed and put in
operation, control as to service and
rates is nominally with the state, but
under the familiar methods of Fed
eral coercion, actual control never
leaves Washington. Ultimately the
entire plant is to revert to the Fed
eral Government, which will thus be
come an actual owner of, a strictly
local concern, and may, unless it
makes a new lease to the original in
vestor, or to a new operator, itself
run the whole plant.
It would seem to require but the
simplest statement of the policy of
the Ferris bill to determine the atti
tude of the states with water powers
to develop towards it.
GOOD TASTE AND BAD IX DRESS.
Just why is it that one person seems
to dress much better on a small sum
than another whose expenditures for
clothing are several times as great?
This is one of the riddles of the ages
and its revival might seem appropriate,
now that Dress-Up week is upon us.
Those elements of personal thrift, good
taste and ingenuity which largely ex
plain this circumstance are too well
known to require elaboration, but
there is a phase of the dress problem
that should be given serious consid
eration during the present week. It is
the necessity of exercising intelligence
in selecting your wearing apparel, for
even if you have rare good taste in
such matters, a knowledge of funda
mentals is necessary to support mere
taste. .
It is to be feared that the average
person depends wholly on instinct in
choosing his raiment. The question
of height, weight, hue and age are not
carefully weighed at the haberdashery
or clothing store. A color pleases the
eye, and the bargain is done. Per
haps the style is one that puts the
individual to the worst possible dis
advantage by emphasizing natural de
fects, such as pallor, thinness, round
shoulders, or other physical idiosyn
crasies. The person with blue eyes
and brown hair may choose some such
color as maroon or lavender; the thin
individual may pick a fabric with long,
thin stripes to emphasize his attenu
ated figure. Or the fat person may be
attracted to some light material with
large polka dots or even horizontal
stripes such as are calculated to inten
sify embonpoint.
It would appear that the unlucky
mortal who lacks the principal attri
butes of an Adonis or Venus invari
ably possesses an affinity for some
style, texture or color that emphasizes
Nature's derelictions. Leave the an
gular man to his own devices and he
will pick a costume which renders
him more angular than ever. The fat
uttie woman, unless equipped with
rare wisdom, cannot escape, circular
ruffles, if they chance to be in fash
ion, any more than she can avoid a
uttie round hat and a broad belt.
Rarely does the florid or hiahlv-cnl-
ored individual evade a combination
of bright colors which clash in lively
fashion. Brown and purple seem to
be the favored colors of these florid
ones, whereas they should avoid su-h
tones as they would a plague.
So far as the color combinations in
suits and cloaks are concerned they
have been harmonized by the men and
women who make a profession of such
matters. But in choosing trimmings
and incidentals, ludicrous- combina
tions frequently are achieved by the
unenlightened. The man with the
navy suit who picks a lavender tie sets
in motion color vibrations which will
Jar upon the sensitive eye. So with
the person who wears tan shoes and
a gray suit surmounted by a brown
hat. This is a common color scheme
and the three colors do not work in
narmony, nor do any two of them.
However, the clash will not be in
tense so long as the colors of common
use are applied; but when the realm
of fancy colors is entered, only the
cautious or initiated should dare enter.
When it comes to using lavender,
helio, maroon, myrtle; nile and salmon
there is every possibility of visiting an
atrocity upon society. Who does not
feel the impulse to flee in horror from
the apparition in some such combina
tion as Ted and olive, or wine and
nile, who comes tripping into J.he reception-room
all unconscious of her
offense against good taste? Those
who do not know at once just what
is the matter cannot escape the effect
of her quarreling hues.
Dressing up, clearly enough, con
sists in a great deal more than in
merely acquiring an assortment of
togs. Dress-Up week should serve a
greater purpose than adding to our
wardrobes. In setting about -the ful
fillment of an obligation to appear
suitably garbed, it is essential that the
week's shopping tours should be in
telligently and thoughtfully conducted.
Those who have neither taste nor the
facilities for acquiring this suotlc
quality WOUld do well tr ni,inl
tradespeople on these points. As a
mi. iuei. ui extend a sympatnetic
hand.
SUNDAY IN A GREAT CITY.
Next to the fact that tVio
scrupulously obeved th Riinav.
closing law in Chicago for the first
time in tneir nistory. the most inter
esting development of the news com
ing out of the Illinois metropolis is
that it harbors 7000 saloons rhiram
has about 2,000,000 people, and claims
,500,000, which is a statistical method
of increasing population not peculiar
to that city. They constitute a great
POlitlCal force. ThuV ICIUO nrmr-i H
candidates and controlled elections.
They have defied the law, and they
nave ignored public sentiment- They
had thought themselves ntir.iv
exempt from attack or effective regu
lation Dy any superior power. Now
they know better.
A few years ago Mayor Thompson
COUld not have rnmmnnrtort inctont
obedience of the law by the saloons.
.But last Sunday they all meekly
yielded to the mere demand that they
put up their shutters.
The Chicago saloons were rlnapH
because the Dublic desires timm
closed. The public officer who thinks
anything is to be gained nowadays by
saying Sunday closing is impossible,
or pretends that the law is - enforced
when It is not, or demands that
somebody else get him the evidence.
Is a relic of the dark ages, when the
common official assumption was that
the people could be fooled all the
time.
MR. FORD IN' HOT WATER.
Henry Ford has got himself into a
peck of trouble by saying he would
like to "tie a tin can to the loan com
mission and pack it back to- Kurope."
He forgot that he had a plant in Can
ada employing 4000 or 5000 men. He
has been called upon to explain by
the Canadian Minister of Militia and
has been "roasted" with one consent
by the Canadian newspapers, one of
which says:
He (Mr. Ford) enlovs certain r!f-ht In
this country, and if he cannot refrain from
showing antagonism to the war efforts of
our people in oenajl or Britain and civiliza
tion, it becomes a question whether or not
those rights should be continued to hlra.
Mr. Ford suffers embarrassment
from doing business in two countries.
one of which is belligerent, the other
neutral. A mistaken idea of the
American Nation's duty as a neutral
caused him to denounce the Anglo-
French loan and thereby to offend
Canada, where neutrality is treason.
He may now revise his views of neu
trality or be more cautious about-expressing
them. "
REMOVE THE LANGUAGE BARRIER.
Bv nrovidin? for tn 1 mr r
Spanish in night schools, School Su
perintendent Alderman is taking a
good step to promote the growrth of
Portland commerce. Knowledge of
each other's language is the most valu
able aid to trade between two nations.
while ignorance on that subject is the
most serious obstacle. The best op
portunity for expansion of our trade is
in the Spanish-speaking countries to
the south Of US. but we cannot Inlro
full advantage of it without men
laminar with Spanish who will go to
tnose countries and establish trado
relations.
Mr. Alderman's Til a n for ptcio n -a
of teachers with South American cities
has a double advantage. Tr will n.,t
only equip Americans to sell goods in
the Southern republics nnrl in lpa-n
what they produce; it will equip men
irom those countries to sell goods to
us and to inform themselves of our
products. Knowledge of each other's
language will rrrintr nhnnt r.I:ii i.
course and mutual understanding and
respect,- which are great aids to com
merce.
When the nresence nf Routt A m .
lean merchants and salesmen in this
city and the return of American mer
chants and salesmen from South
America have become familiar facts
to Portland people, ove mav f.il na.
sured that our commerce with cur
Spanish-speaking neighbors will have
grown to large volume. Arrival and
departure of ships from and to pcrts
on the South Pacific and Carihhenn
coasts will then have become an every
day occurrence and the horizon of our
citizens will have become incalculably
Droaaenea. ,
WHEN PREACHERS CROW OLD.
In these grossly materialistic days.
when preachers and other professional
men seem inclined somewhat to digress
into me mazes of speculation and
other fields of profit, we are pleas
antly surprised by the homely philoso
phy of Bishop Edwin Holt Hughes, of
California. Bishop Hughes is more
than satisfied with his calling. He is
enraptured of it. He says he would
rather be the pastor of the smallest
church in California than President of
the United States. The widespread
view that the preacher's life is filled
with many hardships and few rewards
is termed by the bishop as "mushy
sentimentality." As to the hardships.
he believes they are as nothing before
a true Christian fortitude, while as
for the rewards they meet what little
man wants here below.
However, Bishop Hughes calls at
tention to one injustice which society
visits upon those sacrificing folk who
minister to Its moral needs. No ade
quate provision is made for the pastoi
who has reached and passed the limit
of his usefulness in the pulpit. There
comes the day when active life ends.
Then what? -Although content with
his little share through the long years
of work, what is the pastor to do when
he can work no longer? He has been
unable to put aside a competence.
Bishop Hughes tells of his own father.
a Methodist preacher, who spent a
frugal lifetime in the harness without
once complaining, and retired with
nothing more substantial for his. old
age than, a Jo 00 mortgage on the little
home.
An endowment for aged preachers
Is urged by Bishop Hughes as the one
solution of this problem. It would- be
difficult for society to subscribe to an
endowment more worthy. The $10.
000,000 fund for this worthy purpose
undertaken by the Methodist Epis
copal church should be made a mere
first step in this direction. Our great
industrial and commercial organiza
tions are slowly but surely adopting
the plan of caring for the men who
spend their life's energy in the service.
It has long been a practice to care for
the men who sacrifice health on the
battlefield and' for the families of
those who perish. Surely we can pro
vide for those infirm veterans in the
army of the Lord who are taking care
of such morals as the world has left.
But the use of arms can be learned with
out making- soldiers of our babies.
The use of firearms is not so mysterious
that it need be begun in the cradle.
There are a. few other things we might
consider for the bablea before we make sol
diers of them.
These poor little creatures would not look
pretty on the parade ground. .
It might be as well to ponder a half dozen
facts of this nature before we march the
babies out to the parade ground.
All this from a hysterical contem
porary is mere tear-fptr Viiri- twad
dle. The babies will be left safely in
their cradles, for the proposal is to
have Volunteer eadpt rntnnanl In
the high schools. ' If you want to
safeguard your babies from an atmos-
pnere wmcn might induce them to
enlist as possible defenders of their
country, keep them out or th y,iy.
schools. The effort to show that the
patriotic men who favor military pre
paredness are baby-snatchers and
cradle-robbers will fail, as it should.
When a Chlnam ATI Prtinmite cnliMa
by strangulation, stepping off a oLair
in his room and danirliner nt tnA Anrl
of a rope, with hands free to escape
ii ne cnanges his mind, it shows the
fidelity to a fixed purpose that domi
nates the mind of th p1mui a
white man would be grabbing" the
rupe wnen ic ugntened and spending
his last breath in yelling for help.
Janan iR hTlvitlC pnHnn I
heavy quantities. The allies are buy
ing munitions and borrowing money.
So long as we have anything left we
will sell. The possibilities of our own
11 . -
-""'"ii neeas ao not appeal to us so
long as there is a customer in sight.
The Kin it of Greeca Vim a hm-ri timo
between his wife, who wants peace,
and his people, who want war. So
far he has retained his wife, but he
may jet oe called upon to choose be
tween her and his throne.
9. O. Swackhamer whn iipfi nt itc
home in Union Sunday, was a man
who made his mark on Eastern Ore
gon in the half-century in which he
had been a useful and forceful citizen.
Now that Wilson ha nraonl,
Carranza it would be the decent thing
tor carranza to reeoe-nizn Wiiann
something' Mexico does not appear to
nave none up to tne present time.
The hosts of knitH
England hope as ardently to knit the
fate of Germany as Madame Defarge,
of "A Tale of Two Cities " t-nittn .v,
fate of the French aristocracy.
Wonder If the baseball fans who
haunt the bulletin boards are inspired
by real wholesome interest in the
game or by the fact that they have a
few pesos up on the contest?
How Door old Chi nae-n Tmiot v. .... ,
suffered in that first long dry Sunday.
But it is well for Chics tn t ..
training for a drought. The hand
writing is on tne wall.
Women voted in Nnnrnv rul.,
and they will be voting in the rest of
curope alter the war, for the simple
reason they will be "th nonnip h
about all of them. ' .
A Lane County teacher Is four an
a half feet high and weighs eighty
pounds, ir is to be hoped that he is
thoroughly schooled in diplomacy.
The trouble is. this latest - f
ABC diplomacy will not undo the
Mexican tangle or do anything more
than complicate the situation.
However, if it comes to the u-nnt
we miarht let the Canal rm I
dig another one. Money's no object
to us any more.
Turkev holds out pnnnn. ,
iiiiiica xn
Asia Minor as a tempting bait to tho
Germans in order to hurry them to
the rescue.
Belgrade is being torn to Dieecs hv
shot and shell. Really, at times, we
suspect that Europe has gone stark
mad.
The man who doesn't . waiir tr
office these tracing mornings Is los
ing one of the brightest things in life.
The Bees stunc the Poavcr. i
week and will nrod tho Seai her,,-.
the season ends.
After all the. r.rv nhnnt etowotUM
of Germany, that country has pota-
iwa to eil.
The percentage' of hiinrnnittf in
cago was abnormally low on Sunday.
One of the new destrovers is nnme
for Sampson. How about Schley?
Columbus had an idea. 1
big Nation Good old Columbus!
The "Last Chances" on the rim t
Chicago were real "first aids."
Depend on Boston to turn nut th.
biggest crowd on record.
Has the great offensive of the niiip.
in the west fizzled out?
The Prince of Wales has Mia tt-ait.
of his predecessors.
It might- have been worse but for
Dave Bancroft.
A wedding trip to this coast "will be
too expensive.
Sunday will become known as Bar
tenders' day.
The ballplayers are making easy
money.
Give us rain rather than fro-rt.
Another holiday!
European War Primer
By Katloaml Geographical Society.
TRIED in misery far more bitterly
than any other people which has
been able to survive to some present
daje importance, the Armenians, accord
ing to press dispatches, are again suf
fering rapine and murder at the hands
of the lawless Kurds. Ever since their
appearance on the stage of history, the
Armenian people have been the objects
for oppression, and worse, by stronger
neighbors, and for the past thousand
years they have been the victims of
Mohammedan peoples, who settled, as
neighbors, in Asia Minor, all through
the Armenian land, and north through
the Caucasus. The peculiar relations
that have obtained In the past between
the Ottoman Empire and the great
powers have been such that no power
could afford tto be the friend of these
much-massacred and despoiled people.
who have had to be content as the!
helpless pawns of races less civilized. "I
The country which these people in-
naDit today, their homeland, includes
the northeast corner of Asiatic Turkey;
the southern part of Transcaucasia-
where Russia rules, and the northwest
corner of Persia. This is mostly a high
taDleland. The greater part of their
homeland, 70.000 square miles, lies in
the Ottoman Empire, and is thickly
strewn with tribes of semi-nomadic
Kurds. The Russian part is compre
hended in the governments of Erlvan,
Velisavetpol. Tiflis and Kars. Persian
Armenia, where Armenians were settled
forcefully by an old-time Shah, forms
the greater part of the Drovlnce of
Azerbaijan. Kurdistan adjoins, in the
south, and cuts deeply into Armenia.
The Euphrates. Tigris. Churuk Su.
and the Aras the River of the Garden
of Eden water this territory. Lake
Van, in Turkey is with the exception
of Mount Ararat its best-known phys
ical feature, and by the edge of its
blue-green waters Armenians have
been martyred wholesale. The climate
is healthy with severe Winters and
hot Summers. The soil is fruitful, and
marble, saltpetre, iron, copper, quick
silver, lead and gold are found in its
mountains.
The bulk of Armenians have migrated
into the Russian province of their
country during the last 100 years. Here,
they have been comparatively safe,
though the Tartars of Russian Cau
casia slaughtered and robbed them
almost unhindered not ten years ago.
The story of the so-called Armeno-
lartar leud is not a bright one f.or
Russia. About 1.200.000 Armenians
live in Russian Transcaucasia. It is
estimated, that 650,000 of them live in
Turkish Armenia, about 600,000 in
European Turkey, and 676.000 in Asiatic
Turkey, outside of Armenia. Persia
has some 100,000 Armenians, and other
larger settlements are found in Ciscau
casia. Hungary, Transylvania, Gallcia
and British India.
Short, thick set- dark-skinnexl At-vnna
they seem almost to bridge the gap be
tween the peoples of the West and East.
Where they now live, thev ADBarentlv
have always lived. . In fact, they claim
this themselves, asserting that they are
the first people descended from Noah,
who landed on their greatest mountain.
They first appear in history in 600
B. C. They were oppressed by the
Assyrians, the Medes, by the Selencid
rs.ings, Dy tne Byzantines and the
Persians. They had n. hrief. nnr.rt.,in
National history until the 11th century.
wiion iney went under nnal bondage
to Mohammedan peoples, under which
they still maintain a precarious,
danger-haunted existence. The horrors
of the Armenian massacres by the
Kurds in 1895 and 1896 stirred the
civilized world, but resulted in no
future guarantees. Fearfulness has
stalked no other people so relentlessly.
One result has been that the Arme
nian's powers for competition and self
preservation have been made unusually
aeen. unese people are the traders of
the Near East, and a savins- has it that
a Jew can beat three Russians in a deal;
a oreen, two jews, while an Armenian
can successfully . match his wits
against them all.
VSIXO DOGS TO HUNT P1IEASAXTS
Flea Is Made for Rieid Law Which
Prohibits This A axillary of Sportsmen.
BLUE HEATHER RANCH, Oct. 8.
(To the Editor.) For several years
The Oregonian from time to time has
written very sensible articles about
the expensiveness and worth Ifessness
of dogs. Since the great "first day"
of the hunting season has come and
gone it seems opportune to bring to
your attention a much-needed reform
to our game laws. I can best illus
trate by citing what happened to a
certain family of pheasants on that
"first day." There was ar. even dozen.
in tnis nappy family which nested and
grew to pheasanthood in my calf pas
ture. They became quite domesticated
and would feed around the grain
stacks with the chickens, exhibiting
their radiant plumage to the delight
of all. All went well until October 1.
About daylight the pheasant rooster, as
usual, gave his morning crow. In less
than half an hour the bark of dogs
was heard mingled with the volley of
pump guns, and although a week has
passed not one of that happy family
has since been seen.
These beautiful birds could apparent
ly take care of themselves. Increase
and multiply.- if It wero not for these
trained dogs that betray their hiding
places, forcing them Into the open to
meet the pump guns of the pot hunt
ers. If a law were passed imposing a
heavy fine on any person hunting
game birds with dogs, all our game
wardens could be dispensed with, sav
ing Over $100,000 per annum to the
tax payers, and the birds would in
crease from year to year.
Formerly deer were hunted with
hounds, and great packs of hounds
were kept for this very purpose until
nearly all the deer in Oregon were
killed off. Since the law forbidding the
hunting of deer with dogs there has
been a great increase in the number
of deer. It will be the only salvation
of our game birds, and the quicker it is
recognized the better. Best of all, it
will meet with the approval of prac
tically every farmer in the state, as
well as every taxpayer.
ARNOLD K. WHEAT.
Railroads la Portland.
STARBUCK, Wash.. Oct- 9. (To the
Editor.) Will you give me the names
of all railroad companies operating
lines into Portland? MRS. M. RAT.
Great Northern. Northern racifie.
Spokane, Portland & Seattle, known as
the North Bank (including: Astoria A.
Columbia River), Oregon Electric,
United Railways (no service on this
road now this side of Llnntr.nl r -w
R. & N. Company, Southern Pacific.
Portland Railway, Light & Power
Company.
Huntlnar oat Ovrm Property.
SHERWOOD, Or, Oct, 10. (To the
Editor.) Will you please state in your
naner whether a nenRnn rnnM fee nvtBe-
cuted for hunting pheasants on his own
property witnout a license? J. T.
He does not need a license to hunt
on his own land in season, but must
not exceed the bag limit.
The American Lcartou.
VANCOUVER. Wash, Oct. 11. (To
the Editor.) Will you give me the ad
dress of the "American Legion."
IRVIN a MILLER.
The American Legion, New Tork City.
E. Ormonde Powers, is one of the incor
porators, as also is Theodore Roose
velt, Jr.
DEFENSE, SACRED RI(?HT AND DUTY
Pacifists and Pacificators Analyses by
Reader Who Seca Difference.
MOUNT ANGEL. Or, Oct. .10. (To
the Editor.) From tho editorial. "The
Middle Course." in the Oregonian Oc
tober 10, tho reader can conclude that
there exist two categories of pacifism.
The first is constituted by the pro
fessionals, .or "word-sellers," who
work for Jl or J10. 000.000, the manu
facturers who preserve their future
sales and the. poliUcal agents of for
eign plots, -
All are aiming to impoverish the Na
tional defense. This kind wishes a
beneficial peace but not a reputable
one; their own peace and not that of
their country. Therefore they are de
moralizing the 'National energies. If
needs be, they will foster civil war to
gain their end. The Oregonian did
justice to their fallacies.
In the sein,4 ...
-v " - j "s u i h me
pacificators. They are ready to pay
the full price of peacq. The congresses
of peace merely inspire them with dis
dain.. Wiilt VlAtn, U . . .. ....
. w6v o criair-
man of the first congress. Companion
Bakounine was organizing the world
anarchism. They knew that the fifth
congress was held in 1872 by a gang
of paid incendiaries and pacifists
Also that the pacifists of La Haye ab
jured their signatures. The word of
"breakers of treaties" is henceforth
without value.
The calamitous consequences of a de
fective preparation or simply of a de
fensive one show .themselves by the
ruin and slaughter of millions of lives.
On the contrary, with her offensive
preparation. Germany escaped from re
taliation of the "pays de la revanche"
and Imposed on Europe 43 years of
peace. Yet questionable pacifists come
to preach us the theory of non-resistance.
Self-defense is not only a right, but
a duty. Tho Rev. Wagner was writ
ing in 1893: "A nation has not the
right to suffer a' dismemberment, to
let itself be invaded, abused nor even
intimidated. Defense is a sacred right
It is dishonest to dissuade it," He who
taught mildness was also he who
fiercely denounced the Pharisees and
expelled with the lash the peddlers
and buyers in the synagogue. Why
should we treat with caution the
mountebanks of the Capital?
Remember Franklin. Although he
held war In abhorrence, he sustained
the holy war of patriotic and rightful
defense. From 1776 to 17S5 he stayed
in France asking for military assist
ance for his native land.
A READER.
FAIR-PLAY PRINCIPLES FORGOTTEN
"Rina-V Attack on Untried Member of
Congress Held Disloyal to Voters.
PORTLAND. Oct. 8. (To the Editor.)
Although C. N. McArthur. Represen
tative in Congress of this district, has
not yet taken his seat, tho Oregon Daily
Journal, tho mouthpiece of Oregon
democracy, has already begun to ridi
cule him and will do all in its power
to lessen his Influence at Washington,
and thereby show its disloyalty to Ore
gon. Mr. McArthur Is our duly chosen
Representative in Congress, elected by
the vote of the sovereign people, for
whom the Oregon Dally Journal has
so many palpitations of the heart, and
he is surely entitled to a fair trial at
Washington before being subjected to
abuse and ridicule, even at the hands
of his political opponents.
Mr. McArthur has. however, commit
ted the grave and heinous offense of
being a Republican, and the Journal
naturally has no use for him. It is
amusing to note the Journal's Interest
in the affairs of the Republican party,
and it is quite apparent that its Influ
ence will be exerted towards the nom
ination of ex-Representativa Laffertv
over Representative McArthur at the
primary election in May. 1916. The
nomination of Laffarty by th? Repub
licans is Just what-our Democratic
brethren want, and then they will nom
inate ex-Governor w est. Claud Mc-
Colloch or some other member of the
local Democratic "ring" and canture
the votes of thousands of Republicans
who will not vote for Lafferty under
any circumstances. The Democrats
know that they cannot beat Congress
man McArthur if he is nominated, for
they tried their best to do so last year
and were instrumental in bringing out
Lafierty as an independent candidate
to split the Republican vote, and there
by assist their man, Flegel.
I nave no interest in Representative
McAithur's political fortunes, but he is
entitled to fair play, and it is certain
that if he be renominated next May he
will be elected over his Democratic
rival by a very large majority. The
old Democratic game of dictating the
Republican nominations Is played out.
and the Oregon Dally journal has not
seen the handwriting on the wall.
BERTHA M. ELLIOTT.
MARRIAGE NO ECONOMIC PUZZLE
Problem Is to Find One of Many Girls
Willing to Live on SOO Month.
PORTLAND, Oct. 10. (To the Edi
tor.) I have read the letters In The
Oregonian from the men who didn't
know whether they should get married
because they were afraid they did not
get money enough. I don't think they
ought to get married, because, if they
are smart enough to get J150 a month,
they would be smart enough to decide
the marriage question for themselves.
If they don't know so much then they
can't earn $150 a month, anyway, and
they woujd lie to a wife. 1 am not of
their kind- I have a steady job and
make $3 a day and I don't have to ask
anyone if I could keep a wife. I know
there are lots of good women who can
make a good home for an honeet man
on $90 a month and put some in the
bank. too.
But what I don't know Is how to
meet one of these women. Those that
are easy to meet know how to meet
men after they get married and those
that are not easy to meet are the kind
I want, but I don't know how to get.
N. L.
Tho Monroe Doctrine.
PORTLAND, Or.. Oct. 11. (To the
Editor.) Is the Monroe Doctrine a law
or a treaty, and which countries does it
Interest?
What causes cobwebs? To spiders
weave them? K. F. BUTLER,
The ifonroe Doctrine is a declaration
of policy regarding foreign Interference
in American (In the broadest geo
graphical sense) affairs. It takes its
namo from President Monroe, who in
his Message to Congress in 1823 gave
It first . formal announcement. It is
sometimes stated as the corollary of
Washington's policy of neutrality to
ward all European affairs. In modern
conception it is tho policy of the Unit
ed States to regard any attempt on the
part of a Buropean power to gain a
foothold in this (Western) hemisphere
by conquest or to acquire any new es
tablishment in North or South America,
as an act hostile to the United States
It Is in no sense a treaty, because the
United States asked no negotiations
with the Old World In pronouncing it.
The United States has made it plain
every effort to command acknowledg
ment of It would be made.
A cobwen is spun by the spider from
a gluey substance, similar to saliva,
which he manufactures as he works.
December 4. 1015.
MORO. Or.. Oct. S. (To the Editor.)
Will you kindly give, through The
Oregonian. the exact closing date of
the Exposition at Ean Francisco?
A READER,
Twenty-five Years Ago
From The Oregonian of Oct, 13. 1S90-
Chicago News. A report comes from
Berlir. that Emperor William will visit
America in 1S93. his especial object
being to visit the World's Columbian
k-xpositlon at Chicago. If this is true,
there will no doubt bo made a strong
effort to induce the Kaiser to visit tho
stockyards while here. There is hope
for the American hog yet.
The Czar is the largest of all tho Ur
ine landed proprietors, owning an es
tate that is equal in area to almost tho
whole of France.
Alexander Dumas has been amusing
himself by sending a play of his
anonymously to the Parisian managers
and having it repeatedly refused.
Hon. J. B. Montgomery received a
telegram from Taeoma yesterday in
forming him that Captain O. Selfrldge.
Hon. R. W. Thompson, ex-Secretary of
the Navy, and Colonel George H Men
dell, of the United States Engineer
Corps, tho Naval .Commission now
traveling on the Sound, will arrive hero
tomorrow. Ex-Senator Thomas C
Piatt, of New York, who is a member
of the commission, will not come. Ha
will return East from Tacoma.
There is no longer any reason for
doubting that Portland is one of the
greatest. If not tho greatest, commer
cial centers in the Northwest countrv.
The Portland postofflce a short time
ago received deposits from a postofflce
in Rhode Island.
Louisville. Oct. 11. The Brooklyn
Rational League and tho Louisville
American Association teams have ar
ranged a series of games for tho
worlds championship, to bo played at
Louisville and Brooklyn,
Chicago, Oct. 11. "Ths-God of Civili
zation. 'by Mrs. M. A. Pittock, formerlv
rpnrl Oreson, is meeting with
remarkable success.
Krora The Oresonlan or October 13, ls5
if?n !Francisc. Oct. 8.At precise-
" te to 1 o'clock this afternoon
the heaviest earthquake shock that was
ever experienced in San Francisco oc
curred. The motion was undulatory
from Northeast to Southwest. Everyone
rushed instantly to gain access to tho
street. Five seconds later another and
much more severe shock occurred and
tho uproar caused by falling walls,
glass coming down on the sidewalks
in showers, the frenzied stampede- of
horses, etc, was indescribable.
,S.1n. F"ancisco. Oct. 10 The Overland
Mail to Oregon suspended a month ago.
is to bo resumed, commencing todav.
Tho Calif ornia Stage Company has come
to the conclusion to accept tho offer of
the Government and carry the mail for
t2.0UO per annum.
Chicago now has a population of 204 -000.
In tho annals of the world's citie's
this is an unprecedented tale of pros
perity. Mr. E. B. Kelly has received the ap
pointment of Postmaster at Oregon
City, vice A. H. Bell. Tho commission
has arrived and Mr. Kelly will assume
his dut.es on Saturday.
A ball will be given at Vancouver on
the night of October 13th for the bene
fit of the children of St. Vincent's
asylum. Tickets have been placed at
d In legal tender notes. The integrity
of the gentlemen comprising the mana
gers give assurance that the occasion
will be one of the best that can be ar
ranged. Captain Owen and wife yesterday
took their departure for California by
the Sierra Nevada, much to the regret
Of many friends in Oregon.
Charles Warren, whose misfortune
we chronicled a few weeks since, of
his being accidentally shot by a com
panion, while hunting in the woods wo
are pleased to learn is recovering. The
shot was from a rifle, the ball enter
ing his person from the left side near
the back. It will be extracted by a
surgeon.
John Switzler, a youth of 17 years
and son of Joseph Switzler living on
the slough S miles Northeast of Port
land, was almost instantly killed Tues
day by accidentally shooting himself.
For the week past the steamer Cas
cade has reached her dock in this city
full-freighted, with passengers, stork,
warons. treasure, etc Messenger Hol
land delivered to Wells Fargo & Co.
$150,000 in crude bullion one night last
week.
THE PROPHET,
Where didst thou gain that calm
majestic mien,
0 Prophet clothed in rags! that vision
clear
Which pierces far into tho realms
unseen.
Yet mirrors e'en tho tiniest blossom
near?
"Out in tho desert when a storm passed
by
1 saw the God of storm in all his
majesty!"
Where didst thou gain that look of
friendliness,
O Phophet shunned by all! where didst
thou learn
To greet a beggar with kindliness.
A prince unservilely, each In his turn?
"Out in the desert, where I fled to
spend
My wretched life alone. God found me,
called me 'Friend; "
MARIE CRAIG LE GALL,
Salem, Or.
THE FIRST DEATH.
As yet is my heart still responsive
To the pleasures and pains of life.
As yet in my thoughts are the records
Of victories, sunshine and strife.
Will the time come to mo as to others.
When a colorless day will set -
A future with nothing to hope for,
A past lived without one regret?'
Alone with this thought I have ques
tioned. Can the time come when conscieneo
is fled?
And thus from within I am answered,
"When your soul in your body is
dead." HELEN L TOMLINSON.
March 13, IBIS.
LA GRANDE, Or, Oct. 10. (To tho
Editor.) Witl you please tell mo tho
date Lincoln Beachey. tho aviator, was
killed in San Francisco this Summer.
REAbEli.
Have You Seen the
New Hats?
Fall fashions are fixed and the
new millinery for early Winter is on
display.
War has robbed tho touch of the
style arbiters of none of its charm.
Women declare that the new
styles are bewilderlngly beautiful
and that there is sufficient range
of choice to insure a suitable hat
for every face.
Are you informed about the new
shapes and shades? Do you know
what tho stores aro showing and
how attractive aro prices?
You certainly are posted if you
read the advertising in Tho Orego
nian from day to day.
Half a Century Ago