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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (Oct. 5, 1915)
10 THE aiOHXIXC? OEEGONIAy. TTXESDA1T. OCTOBER! 5. 1315. rati FOKTTAND, OREGON. Entered at Portland, Ore son. foxtorflcs i wcond class matter. Subscription, sates Invariably In advance, t Jlr Mall t Saily, Sunday Included, one year . ...SS.OO j-ally, Sunday Included, alx months ..... .o JJally. Sunday Included, three months iaily, Sunday Included, one monUl ..... - Xally, without Sunday, one year .M1 3JaJy, without Sunday, aix month .25 Xlly, wlthoat Sunday, three montna Sjally. without Sunday, oas month, Sveekly, one year l.uo fcoaday, one year ........... z.oo ftiudur and Weekly, one year fRv rarrlerl Tany. Sunday Included, one year ....... 6.00 anally. Sunday Included, one month . . . - - How to Remit Send postofflce money or ler, expresa order or personal check on your local bank. Stamps, coin or currency are at vender's risk. Give postoffice adaresa In XuiL. Including; county and state. rostaxe Kates 12 to IS pages. 1 cent: 18 9 &2 pases, 2 cents; 34 to 48 pages, 8 cents; fO to ttu pages, 4 cents; 62 to 7 pages. 6 cents; 78 to 82 pages, S cents. foreign postage, doubls rates. Eastern Business Offices Verree & Conk Hn, Brunswick tulldlng. New York: Verree t Conklln, Steeer building, Chicago; San rrsncUco representative, -K. J, indwell 11 Xarket street. PORTLAND, TTTESDAY, OCTOBER 6, 1916. I VFE HATE A POKTj LET'S C8K IT. Portland now has facilities for ocean and Inland 'waterway commerce sufficient for a vastly greater volume of foreign and coastwise trade than the port now has. The facts are posi tively shown up in the report made by the Bureau of Trade and Com merce of the Chamber of Commerce on the port facilities. The channel across the Columbia River entrance is now thirty-six feet deep at low water for a width of 1000 feet, and the distance between the forty-foot low-water depths inside and outside the bar has been reduced to 3000 feet, this depth having been pushed seaward about 7000 feet since 1913. Such result of dredging and Jetty construction fully justifies the bureau's prediction that by the end of next year the channel will be nearly forty feet deep at low water and from 1S00 to 2000 feet wide. It also war rants the statement that "the problem of procuring and maintaining: in a fixed position" such a channel "has now been successfully solved." The channel of the Columbia and Willamette rivers to Portland has been dredged to thirty feet at low water, which means a greater depth by several feet during the larger part of the year. Tho harbor has been deepened at many points. In brief, everything necessary has been done te provide ample water for the great est ships to steam safely and speedily to the docks and to lie at anchor in the harbor. Great progress has also been made In providing water terminals and in reducingThe port expenses of ships. The city has built two large modern dorks, equipped with the most modern appliances for quickly and econom ically handling cargos. Private docks have been improved in like manner. Direct connection has been made be tween rail and water terminals. Pub lic and private drydocks have been provided, and shipbuilding and repair plants are available in the harbor. Towage and pilotage service is ample and its cost has been reduced. Facili ties for coaling are about to be con structed, reducing the cost of a ship's fuel. Opportunity has been made for materially increasing the port's ocean traffic by construction of the Celilo Canal, , which extends the Columbia waterway 4 00 miles inland. Enlarge ment of the Willamette locks is under way and will improve tho Willamette River as a waterway. Thus every provision has been made for a greatly extended commerce, and the organization and public inclination exist to expand th facilities as the growth of our water traffic demands. It remains now to get the business. The bureau has been doing its part. It is about to make known in definite form to the shipping world the im provement in Portland's navigation facilities, which through ignorance and other causes have been seriously underrated. It has brought before steamship companies the opportuni ties offered by the port for import of tropical fruits in exchange for those of the temperate zone which are pro duced in this region. It has presented the advantages of the port for lines to France, the west coast of South America, the Gulf and Atlantic Coast, Australia and China, It is endeavor ing to secure: tl The location here of a com mercial agent by the Department of Commerce. 2) For Portland the credit for all imports which are destined here but are landed at other ports. (3) A fair chance for Portland merchants in bidding on supplies for Alaska railroads. (4) Establishment on the Columbia of a destroyer flotilla with repair station. (8) Reduction of Latin-American tariffs on fruit of the United States. (6) Revision of Panama Canal tolls on a commodity basis. In these and other ways the bureau has done and is doing all in its power to indues those outside its confines to use the facilities which have been provided and thereby increase the business of the port. But its efforts can nave Out limited, if any, success unless they are backed by the hearty, practical support of the citizens in deeds, not in mere words. In this particular we have been sadly lacking. Merchants import and export goods through other ports, bringing them here or sending them hence by rail. Hteamship lines have been started and have died for lack of home support,1 because our people made no adequate effort to develop the markets which they made accessible. Merchants are content to use the ships provided by foreign countries or by other Amer ican ports, although here is wealth enough, and there should be enter prise enough in Portland to buy, build and operate ships, owned in this port, and there is profit enough in the busi ness to justify the venture. The port is thus drained of freight money which should .stay at home. No man is asked to ship and import goods at Portland if he can do so more economically at other ports; but loy alty to his home city demands that he aid in removing the handicaps which produce this situation. By so ; doing ha would serve his own interests, for the business which ships would bring to his neighbors, in the shape of sales of supplies, fuel, stevedoring, wharf age and repairs would redound to his advantage. While following sound principles in routing his ocean freight, every Portland man should aid in making it possible to do his business in Portland in conformity with those principles. He should realize that every ship arriving at a foreign port from Portland is in a sense a business gent for this port, while by shipping from a rival port he is transferring that advantage to that sort. ffha .eatent MUTc pt ojaayg:cJlB erptecta Stem, .put t&g sjls prosperity to any. port fa home-owned snips. By these means London, Liver pool, Hamburg and Antwerp have largely been built up, and Boston, New York; Baltimore, Philadelphia, Charles ton and San Francisco prospered in the days when the American merchant marine was in its glory. Merchants clubbed together to build a ship on shares, which should carry their wares to distant ports. CaptainB were not only navigators, but traders who sold their outward cargoes and bought re turn cargoes. While it may not be practicable now to impose these du ties on ship captains, it is practicable for six or eight merchants to operate a ship which shall carry their .own goods to foreign customers and which shall bring back goods that they can sell at home. It is practicable, for it is done to this day in other ports. Why should not Portland merchants and capitalists do what others are doing with success? The ship itself would be a good customer for its own ers, for it would buy supplies from them. The building and repair of such ships would develop the opportunity of Portland to become a ship-building center and would provide more cus tomers for its owners. The investor in ships who is not a. merchant would profit by the general stimulus which would be given to business and which would be reflected in higher values for property and higher rents for stores and dwellings. By such means can the possibilities of the port, with its Improved approaches and facili ties, be fully realized. It is our most valuable asset, but it is used to a very limited extent. The Government, the Port of Portland, the Dock Commis sion and the Chamber of Commerce nave done and are doing their part. It is up to the people of Portland to get behind the Chamber in its present efforts. The most effective way to do that is to go abroad after business for Portland, to make business at home for Portland, and thereby to use what these agencies have provided. Talk is cheap, but "fine words butter no parsnips"; deeds alone will count. Philadelphia's situation is very sim ilar to Portland's, for it is at the head wj. navigation on a great river with a highly productive country tributary to it. What is said by the director of the department of docks, wharves and ferries of that city in. his report for the year 1914, applies to this city in practically every line. The statement is printed elsewhere. Portland has tho geographical situa tion, .the channel and harbor facili ties, the tributary wealth in the back country to make it another New York. If, like Philadelphia, it should take second place to its rivals who lack many of its advantages, the fault will lie with its citizens. This city may become cither a New Tork or a Phila delphia; which shall It be? FOROOTTKN. The complete list of states which have the Presidential primary pre sents a curious and interesting study. They are eighteen in number, and they are: Ollfornla. Illinois. Indiana. Iowa. Maryland. Massachusetts. MIchiKan. Minnesota. Nebraska. Ntw J ersey. New York. North Dakota. Ohi. Oregon. Pennsylvania. South Dakota. West Virginia. Wisconsin. Not a single state from the Solid South is included not one. The near est approach to an invasion of the great Democratic stronghold are the border states of Maryland and West Virginia. All the others are impor tant Republican states of the East, Middle West and West. Yet the Democratic platform -sad monument of violated pledges specif ically declares, for the Presidential primary, and President 'Wilson in his message to Congress, December 2, 1913, startled his party into a blue panic by urging the prompt enactment of legislation for the Presidential pri mary. But the President since that time has conveniently forgotten the subject. The Democratic bosses have discov ered good reasons why there should be a Presidential primary in the Re publican states and none in the Demo cratic states. What is a platform promise or a Presidential message to the Democracy? NEGATIVE SUGGESTION. Legend tells of a Hindoo fakir who seemed to have a working knowledge of practical psychology and made himself rich selling plain wicker bas kets in the streets of Calcutta. The peculiar virtue of the baskets, he explained to the buyers, lay in the fact that, if one filled his basket with ordinary pebbles, placed himself in a receptive attitude of mind, and stirred them with a stick for an hour, each and every pebble would be transmuted into a nugget of gold provided the stirrer did not think of a hippopota mus while stirring. The baskets were sold, but the idea of a hippopotamus was so firmly fixed in the minds of all the purchasers that not one of them ever had legitimate grounds on which to demand his money back. The old psychological law Is still operative. And it is barely possible that those who are struggling so hard to engraft the idea of peace into the schools by a rigid system of negative suggestion, may find in time that they nave tnus iixea tne military idea more firmly in the minds of youthful Amer icans than they could have done with a thousand miles of gold lace and in terminable histories of the wars of all the ages. PERILS OF THE CHASE. Colonel Roosevelt returns from the wilds with another thrilling hunting adventure added to the already volu minous list. He was charged by a ferocious moose and in self-defense killed the dangerous beast. In doing so he shattered the Canadian game law. but man's laws must be set at naught before the great fundamental law of self preservation. Had he not killed the moose, the moose might have killed him. It was not the first time he had been menaced by a bull moose and it must have been with past disasters floodingvhis mind in the stress of this tragic moment that the Colonel fired the fatal shot. The true hunter alone appreciates the fearful danger Colonel Roosevelt was in. What real hunter has not had life and limb threatened by some infuriated denizen of the wilds? The bull moose is not the only rapacious beast that goads the nlmrod into de fensive measures. Even the birds of the fields have been known to assume the offensive, hurling themselves upon the patient hunter with desperate fury. What hunter has not been at tacked by a covey of quail or brace of grouse? No doubt the creatures are emboldened by discovery that the hunter has a, limit tag stud that the creatures fall"- rVni wti. tv, - written law of self preservation and so meet an untimely end from gun shot wounds. It is very plain, in the light of these experiences, mat tne Colonel had a narrow escape and he is to be con- iraiuiao upon His presence of mind and his effective marksmanship in the heat of a desneratn m ro-onvr. TV trust that ho will exercise similar de tilsion and firmness should he be as wiled a. train hv that ntr.or -..-. svnd destructive species of bull moose wnicn is peculiar to the American Bide of the boundary line- LEASING OR OWNERSHIP? If the contention over the water power sites, as Mr. McColloch repeats in his letter today, is private control or Government ownership. The Ore gonian is not in disagreement with him. But that is not the issue, though a specious and insincere attempt is made tp put the discussion on a false basis by raising the bugaboo of water- power monopoly in private hands if tne sites shall be turned over to the states. The late water-power conference declared against "any system of leas ing generally upon the public domain." Does Mr. McColloch favor a general system of leasing the public domain and all of it? Has he the courage to urge that the Government should for evermore withhold all its public lands from sale and make mere ten ants, or renters, of their occupants? The water-power conference de clared against the scheme to lease the water-power sites "for fifty years." That is what the Ferris blir provides, and the resolution was expressly aimed at that act. The State of Ore gon by law terminates all water power rights at the end of forty years. It does not sell its water-power rights. Yet, under the McColloch style of argument, any Oregon citizen who would lease water-power sites for forty years and who objects to fifty years under Federal control, is a prof ligate and a wastrel, who proposes to turn over valuable state property in fee simple to the "interests." Mr. McColloch rings in the old familar charges on the weakness and inefficiency of state governments which have frittered away their lands. Is that the reason why he and others want the State of Oregon to buy for 15.000,000 or 16,000,000 a 30,000,000 railroad land grant, as proposed by Ex-Governor West? The state which is able'to adminis ter a 2,500,000-acre land grant, which it does not now own, ought to be com petent to handle its water powors, which it now owns. The issue is state control versus Federal control of water power. If we are to turn over our water powers to the Washington bureaucracy, why not turn over intrastate railroads, our street railways, our lighting plants and all our public utilities? There is no real difference in principle. KXKRCISE AND GOOD HUMOR. At last we have come upon tho true secret of William Howard Taft's boundles& energy, high spirits and vast good nature. We are no longer in clined to set down this fortunato dis position and happy personality to mere birthright, for after reading the testimony of Dr. Charles E. Barker, who served for years as Mr. Taft's physical director, we discern the true relationship between cause and effect. Mr. Taft, it appears, takes exercise, takes it regularly, and has been doing so for years. His is not the strenuous nor spas modic sort of exercise, but the gentle. beneficial, persistent kind. According to Dr. Barker, Mr. Taft is wont to start each day with half, an hour of sensible exercises, beginning with deep Dreaming for the benefit of his lungs, and ending with a short run. After this a cold bath, his breakfast and then the day's work. He is as care ful not to overtax himself physically as he is to avoid the stagnation of functions that comes with uninter rupted sedentary life. His physical culture never takes the form of physical torture. It is as well ordered and suited to his needs as his meals. The normal man who follows such a course is certain of abundant health and rare good humor. Much of the sluggishness of body and acridity of temper is due to nothing more nor less than brain irritation engendered by toxins that have their origin,- in lack of exercise and in unwholesome habits. The irritable man is a sick man and the degree of his illness may be gauged by the volume of his Ir ritability and bad humor. It would be interesting to know how much of the trouble, dissension and unpleasantness in this world is due to brain irritation. Statistics are not available, but certainly the figures would be large.' Without doubt the divorce courts and police records con tribute liberally to the total, while the lists of bitter enmities in the world are a monument to ill humor born of ill health ill health of that little rec ognized but no less positive form which is bred by lack of exercise. INSPECTION GONE TO SEED. The Oregonian is rebuked by a con temporary for a flippant reference to a city inspector, .whose duty it is to caution busy mothers against letting the children play with matches. Some distressing statistics are given as to fire losses and deaths traceable to carelessness in this particular. The Oregonian, though severely chidden, will probably continue to criticise until one of two things hap pens: A return of sanity in the matter of inspections or a taking over by government of all domestic responsi bilities. The impression seems to prevail that mothers are not good for much" nowadays. Therefore the children must be taught in the schools how to cook and sew and perform other household tasks. The city now gives lessons in household safety. But why should it stop with a match inspector? The newspaper which chides The Oregonian carriesin the same issue a story of an accidental shooting in Portland. Such incidents occur every few days. Why not a gun inspector? It is not uncommon to read of chil dren getting hold of poisons. Why not a medicine chest inspector? Many children are permitted to run out in the wet grass and get their feet damp, thereby contracting colds or graver illness. Why not an inspec tor of galoshes? It is not unheard of for children to fall into scalding water. Why not an inspector of wash tubs? We realize that the inspection that started this discussion has to do with the safety of property. But if so ciety has a duty to the individual it extends to his life, as well as to his possessions. , ix nny xaoth.se ia EartUs-d JaasiReJ ly lets her children play with matches no amount of advice will reform her. And the average mother, conscious of her common sense, resents such admo nitions Just as thoroughly as would the father if a uniformed officer called on him at his office and cau tioned him against smoking in bed. No one enjoys the implication that one Is a fooL. Collective wisdom may be of a high order and it is possible that life would be lazily ideal if the Individual could depend upon society to perform all the duties of the parent during his youth and guide and protect him against all the errors of human na ture during his maturity. But some body would have to pay the bill. The increase in the property owner's tax receipt since the era of inspection be gan gives some idea of its size. Observing the displays in the shops, tho metal In a hose supporter does not appear large enough to turn aside a bullet, but that is Just what hap pened in the case of accidental shoot ing a day or two ago. Thus is shown one of the benefits of progress. In the old days, when, a shoe string, or at best, an elastic band, was the proper article, a bad wound would have resulted. Nowadays the steel in the stays and other articles are real life preservers. Man, who has none of these, takes his chances. The durability of the human animal is shown now and then by some test imposed by unforeseen circumstances such as war or mishap. Nine coal miners Imprisoned for six days in the bowels of the earth without food or fuel have been unearthed In fairly good condition. All win recover shortly. It is surprising how much hardship the normal man can assim ilate when necessity dictates. A Philadelphia civil official has re fused 160.000 in fees to which he was clearly entiUed. He took the stand that since he was being paid by the city for his services he had no moral right to the fees even if the law did allow him to accept the monev. Model official. He is a marked contrast to the type of public officer who takes every dime he can get by fair means or foul. The Administration rails attontinn to the fact that the sinking of the .nraDic nas not Dcen disavowed. In this connection it might be added that the American flaar lian Tint i.- s.ilutnti at Vera Cruz; that Carranza nas not agreed to a peace conference; that the Lusitania disaster has not been explained. America will bo supreme, when peace is declared, says an eminent banking authority. True. But will the belligerent nations of Europe, rid den by debt and burdened with arma ment, bo content to let us remain supreme when it is so readily within their power to pluck us? Perhaps young John D. was sur prised to find that no horns grew on the heads of union miners, and per haps the miners experienced the KM.no surprise regarding him. There, nothing like a personal meeting and a heart-to-heart talk to remove mis understandings. The 2200-miIa vnn nf v,. -t.- group of American submarines differs from anything done in European waters, where there is always a chance to run ashore. These, boats i caiun straight into the briny deep with no land in sight for ten days. This Government has at last a a. ali ened to the enormitv of Armenian atrocities and notifies Turkey they must cease. If there are any Chris tians alive over there thov hava tu- comfort of knowing we feel for them. Ten thousand emdnvea nP r-i Electric at Schenectadv wallrori yesterday because they cannot get an eight-hour day. The bonehead boss should not have a place during these strenuous times. " Since all the seats in tha fire .1.., of the world's series are sold, they might promote an overflow game with the Chicago Federals in the other park, but, of course, ethics will for ma. "The prominent vouni m,n" wh confiscated $1000 of state fair gate money no doubt thought it came so easily that resistance of temptation was useless. If Secretary McAdoo tries to deorive Congressmen of their public building poric. now can ne expect them to vote his way on Administration measures? Kitchener is showlnc Vita ttv. in telling the labor people he knows their names and numbers and if they do not come across he will fetch them. Local burglars are getting pretty 'fresh" and one of thesa nirnta tYiAV will meet ur with woman who can use a gun. Britons are urged to avoid alt inj uries and Save PVPrV nnrnv raw I . be they are figuring on the possibility of an indemnity? When the Scots in kilts spm tha -Bal kan warriors in skirts thev won't rin a thing to them when their amaze ment is over. Corea will help Russia with a dona tion of 800,000 pairs of shoes. We suggest the spiked running type. The latest slide will clone tho t-. ama Canal for a month. Have we a canal or haven't we? The countv iail at nails in . crowded that prisoners simply will not stay in it. Is McAdoo coming to delay work on Federal buildings in Republican states ? Bulgaria, after much backing and filling, may be pulled in by the boots. The sanitary veil is a countertiai. ance to the short skirt, so to speak. It Was Shameful Of that hull mnna to compel T. R. to commit fraticide. - Last day to subscribe to the big loan. 1 ou II have to hurry. Not In His I. Inc. J 'idee. She You must give him credit for the fact that he expresses his Ideas beautifully. He But ar. i am. eight agcaU : . .. Twenty-Five Years Ago From Tha Oregonian of October 6, 1890. Berlin, Oct. 4. The editor of the Mayence Volks Zeitung has been ar rested for ridiculing the celebration of the battle of the Sedan and. eulogizing Franco. Pittsburg, Oct. 4. A straw paper trust representing 82 mills, with an output of 325 tons dally, has been formed to control the market east of the Allegheny Mountains. London. Oct. 4. The wife of General Booth, commander-in-chief of the Sal vation Army, died today. Dr. J. Hunter Wells has been ap pointed an examiner in the Equitable Life Assurance Society, of New York. As this is one of the largest and most reliable companies in the world, the appointment is quite an honor, John Robinson was committed to the County Jail for 60 days by Police Judge Tanner yesterday for stealing a belt from Gus Peterson. Charley Dexter, who handled the Dempsey combination In its recent tour of the East, has gone to Seattle. He told a reporter that Dempsey will go to Seattle in a few days and train for his fight with Fitzslmmons. Architect H. J. Hefty is preparing plans for a four-story block whicn Henry Welnhard intends to erect on the southeast corner of Third and F streets. STATE INCOMPETENT TO CONTROL Lack of Self Confidence Makes Some Cltiaens Tana to Government. PORTLAND, Oct. 4. (To the Editor.) I note your criticism of my address before Evening Star Grange, wherein I said that the issue made by the water-power conference was whether the power sites should be leased or granted to the power interests in per petuity. I do not understand you to deny that the conference declared against the leasing system. One of the resolutions read: "We are opposed to any policy that looks toward imposing the system of leasing generally upon the public domain." and Senator Walsh Introduced a resolution declaring that "the (power) sites should be leased for a period of 60 years, but this was voted down by 2S to 7. You say the issue is state rights or Federal rights, but the overshadowing Issue Is: What is to be done with the power sites? Are they to be kept for all the people or given away for the enrichment of only a few? Along side that issue the minor one of state or Federal control is comparatively unimportant. I think, all Oregon citizens would favor state control in preference to Federal control if we hut knew that the state would not fritter away the power sites as it did the school lands and the tide lands. But we know now what we did not know before the water power conference, that the states can not be safely entrusted with control, at least so long as they ere under the political domination of the influences that controlled the conference. For. did not the conference go on record against leasing, whether by state or Nation? And what alternative Is there to leasing except permanent and perpetual title, be It by fee simple or some form of easementr We may hope that the limo will come when electricity developed by water-power will furnish the key to un lock the humblest home to happiness and cheap living, but It certainly will not come, or at least, will be greatly postponed. If the entire public Interest in the power sites is granted away. There are values in the undeveloped horse power in Oregon, worth count less potential mlllrbns, and what I said to the Grange would certainly come true as to them, under our plan; name ly, having secured title to 'these power sites for little or nothing, the power interests would at once capitalize their enormous potential values and claim the right to base rates and charges on this capitalization. Whereas, by re taining the title to the sites in their own hands the public can protect them selves against any higher rates than are justified by the actual Investment made in developing the plants and a reasonable profit. The day will come when almost every farm in Oregon will be accessible to an electric railroad. How foolish It would be for the farmers to permit them selves to be sold into bondage to the owners of the power that will run these railroads, by giving to them fee title to the power sites when they can as well retain them for themselves. CLAUDS McCOLLOCH. REAL TROUBLE WITH BUSINESS. Mr. Gerllnger Believe Investors Are Unduly Harassed. PORTLAND, Oct. 4. (To the Edi tor.) The way to help the unemployed is to create prosperity. Prosperity to a large extent can be made by the people. Let us keep in mind always that prosperity and politics are very closely related to each other. We have permitted the politician to injeot too much politics into business, and the more politics we have in . business the less business we are going to have and the less prosperity the country will enjoy. For the last few years we have been hammering away at all corporations. Our politicians have Invented new and varied ways of harassing them, and even our various labor organizations have been busy In getting legislation over that increases business burdens. Is it any wonder that the investor has become scared and stopped investing? If your money were at stake would you be putting more money at risk, when every day, every month, every year brought new laws or new burdens for the corporations, and if every day made less and still less chance for the company In which your money was in vested of earning any interest and still greater chances that you would lose some or all of your principal, would you continue putting money in? Of course you jwouldn't. And if that is your opinion why should you ex pect any other man to do It? Protect the other fellow. If you had any money you would not want to lose It. Neither does the other fellow. That Is why there Is no business; no In vestments, no work, no building, no carpenters, no plumbers, bricklayers, iron workers needed: no profit in busi ness; stores making nothing; help being fired, everybody down in the mouth wondering what will come next. We have allowed our politicians to knock the props from under prosperity be cause they told us we would be bet ter off. Are we better off? Again, we must be willing that others prosper if we want prosperity for ourselves. We must give the square deal to capital. We must create an incentive for capital to invest. If any laws stand in the way of pros perity repeal them. L. GERLINGER. Taking- No Chance. Judge. "Upson, old man, you shun drinking water almost as if you were scared of It." T am," shuddered Upson Dewns, the promising but not paying young busi ness man. "A doctor told me more than 80 per cent of my body is water already, and I'm afraid to dilute myself any more." Cost of the Ring. Judse. , A woman is beginning to get ac customed to her engagement and to take it as a matter of course, when she triss to find out, tat cost tne en gagement ring. PATRIOTS ALWAYS ARE SEEDED A. W. Miller Say American Has Dnty la Peace as Well as War. PORTLAND, Oct. 4. (To the Editor.) In an article published in The Orego nian last Sunday, under the head "Pa triotism Denned." the writer gives some pretty good definitions, with which we fully agree, when he says "that it is the every-day patriotism that counts." . . . Yet he casts in sinuating slurs at the ex-soldiers and kindred organizations who have been putting the kind of patriotism he de scribes Into practice. Webster defines a patriot as "a per son who lives for his country and zeal ously supports and defends it and its interests; one who is devoted to his country." To which we should add that an American patriot also devotes himself to the perpetuation of our institutions by laying aside all selfish motives and regarding the good of his country and its people in preference to his own in dividual interests, in defending the right against the wrong as well as the weak against the strong. For .patriot ism means all these qualities concen trated In the individual, as it promotes everything grand and noble in life by cultivating the very best sen timents of which the human mind is capable, as it lifts the fallen, soothes distress and has stricken the shackles from the oppressed of every land. It does not require that we must all be soldiers and endure the hardships and dangers of a soldier's life. We can be patriots regardless of sex, race. age. birthplace, occupation or social stand ing. It knows neither rank nor station, creed or party or national boundary, being broader, more ennobling and ele vating than any church, club, lodge or secret order. It unites mankind for the good of all, while creeds and parties divide us Into various hostile camps. A true Amer ican patriot Is always a good and loyal citizen at all times and In time of need a willing and valiant soldier. For when the old Liberty Bell pealed forth the glad tidings nearly a century and a half ago that a new nation had been born, founded upon justice, equal rights and liberty to all, it was the patriots of 1776 who rallied to the de fense of the infant republic, enduring the hardships and dangers of a long and hard struggle in order to place the new government upon a sound founda tion. When, in 1SS1, it became necessary to put the Republic through a severe test of Its strength to take Its place among the great nations of the earth and when Th red bqlts of destruction were hurled. BurstinR In tempests of fury and flame. Faithful to freedom the hope or the world. Swift to tho rescue cacU patriot came, coming from the young manhood of the loyal states, carrying with them the love, the hope and prayers of the patriotic loved ones left behind. They were resolved to preserve the Union cf their fathers or perish In Its defense, and through their valor our republic had a new birth and the Union of States now stands on a firmer foundation than ever before. When the Union called "to arms" in 189 to fight a foreign foe the pa triotic sons of those wno nad worn the gray touched elbows with those whose fathers had worn the blue, combining Southern chivalry with Northern valor. Although their ancestors had faced each other on many bloody fields in the sixties, they now" wore the same uniforms, marching on to victory un der "Old Glory." the only flag entitled to an, recognition in America. Ana we honor the men of 1776-1 861 and 1S9S not alone because they were soldiers, but because they were pa triots, at times when patriotism meant more than mere talk, and wo give them full measure of grateful appre ciation. We also honor the patriotic women and children who suffered at home while their sons, fathers, hus bands and ' brothers were fighting their country's battles. If we can impress upon our people the importance of practical patriotism in time of peace there will be little need of any one dying for his country in time of war. Whereas, if we fail to establish universal patriotism, we will perish as a Nation through our own folly and neglect. A. W. MILLER, Patriotic Instructor, Department of Oregon, G. A, R. DEEDS ARB ONLY REAL BOOST Words Will Not Develop Great Port, Philadelphia la Informed. Following is an extract from the re port for 1914 of the director of the de partment of docks, wharves and ferries of the city of Philadelphia: "There is a lamentable lack of co operation in the Philadelphia port ex pansion movement on the part of many of the very men who In the end must be looked to for its eventual success that is the actual producers of freight, our merchants, our manufacturers and the much-referred-to ultimate con sumer. "Cases might be cited of prominent citizens who have attended public meetings where the subject of the de velopment of the port was discussed and enthusiastically approved; who have taken part in such discussions and have indorsed the movement in re sounding rhetoric and yet have blandly refused the next day, when their after dinner enthusiasm bad cooled, even to consider sending their own products on steamers outbound from Philadelphia. "To indite odes of praise of Philadel phia with the left hand and at the same time be signing away contracts in favor of Philadelphia's competitor ports with the right. I submit, is not the way to build up our sea trade. To expect foreign shippers to establish connec tions in Philadelphia and then frown upon their friendly advances and turn them deliberately away to the enthusi astic welcomes of our rival ports is not only a waste of valuable time, but is poor business in every particular. "Excellent progress- is being made In the physical Improvement of our har bor facilities, but the Philadelphia mer chant, the Philadelphia manufacturer and last, but not least, the general public, the occasional shipper, is not using the port as he should. "The city can build piers indefinite ly, the raidroads can expand their fa cilities for marine freight handling enormously, the steamship lines can in crease their sailing ten-fold, but all this, and more, will not make a dollar's Increase in our port business unless the cargo to make it a going and a paying venture is forthcoming. "We. as municipal servants, are do ing our part, but we must have general co-operation of citizens, or our annual advance in world rank will be meas ured by Inches, instead of, as it should be, by leagues. "Mere oratory, unsupported by prac tical and concerted action on the part of its citizens, will never advance Phil adelphia's maritime interests as they deserve to be. and should be, advanced. It Is time not only to. "get together." but to work together. There has been much getting together of recent years, much cheerful after-dinner talk of what we are going to do. some time In the rosy future, to help the port; the time has now come to do It. actually to work out the problem in practice." Whlteomn Riley's Soaas. PORTLAND. Oct. 1. (To the Edi tor.) (L) Have any of James Whitcomb Riley's poems been set to music? (2.) If so, where can I find such songs? A SUBSCRIBER (1.) Yes. (2.) At any Portland music store. One song especially, with word by Mr.Riley. is "Dear Little Girl. ron"t Cry." music by Edward Campion, and publialied, by Gs Scaimcr, Kcw York fil& . -.P...-- ,'t- 'J Hali a Century Ago From The Oregonian of October 6, 1SSS. The Navy Department has designated Rev. C. B. Bornton. formerly of Cin cinnati, to write the history of tha Navy and of our naval enterprises 4ur ing the Rebellion. A train of is packs lejt Tmatllla September SO for the Blacktoot mines. Major Simeon Francis called on us Tuesday evening on his return from the fort at the mouth of the Columbia River, where he disbursed some S24 000 among the troops. In crtnnjhfiiiAn,. . . . . . - , v-i mC uepioraoiQ con dition ot the mails we have been un- u,o as yet to ootain any report of the State Fair. It Is to be hoped that this eveninsr'a hnnt A- ,- m . lem will enlighten us somewhat as to ter auairs in that quar- The United States gunboat Galatla, the first of the class ot 11 guns, has been sold by Acting Rear-Admiral Bel!, commander of the Brooklyn navy-vard to the Hawaiian 0-r,vAmm- , c 000. The Galatia will b .-'I receive her armament at New York. Providence, R. I., Oct 1 Rev. Fran cis Waylat.d. for more than 28 years president of Brown University, wss prostrated by a paralytic stroke last Tuesday and. died Saturday, aged 69, Nashville, Sept. 17. A gang of 30 or 40 guerillas near Springfield. Robinson County, yesterday commenced indis criminate robberies and murders upon the Inhabitants of that locality. Thomas J. Payne was killed, his house robbed and his family outraged at Adams sta tion, on the Kentucky road. They plun dered everybody they caught. SQUARE MEAL TTNDER THE BELT Nothing Like It to Brace Man for Hani D"T'" Work. Saya Writer. THE DALLES. Or.. Oct. 4. (To the Editor.) Flynn. the apostle cf sood health, is going some. Wonder if ha ever swung a pick all day, or cut cord wood and put up two cords a day for six days a week and four weeks to the month, or bucked logs in a logging camp. If he ever did, I'll bet his break fast In those days was something more than a glass of buttermilk and two dates. I worked at one time In a dairy, where I began work at 1:30 in tho morning and did not get breakfast until 7 o'clock. I did not notice any bad effects from that. I have also worked in logging ramps, where I would be eating breakfast five minutes after getting up and in neither ease did I run when 1 taw the meat coming. 1 have run across a few vegetarians in camps, and if they did any work, they were not in camp long until thay could eat as much meat as anyono else, and relish it as well. I am soliciting at present and hare walked practically all over Wasco. Sherman and Jefferson counties and part of Crook and GiUiam in Oregon and the eastern end of Klickitat Coun ty. Washington. I have done a good many miles of walking In the past three years and there is nothing that will start a man out In the morning, with a hard hike ahead of him. like a plate of baeon and eggs, hot cakes, butter and sugar, or what would be preferable It It could bo had. some old-fashioned "O K" New Orleans molasses. Why don't the eminent apostle prove his work by taking a hike of 300 or 400 miles, or make a record cut of 100 or 300 cords of wood? Mr. Flynn states that the strongest animals are vegatarians. The facts are that the strongest animals in the world In comparison to their weight, belong to the cat family, and In a state of nature they eat nothing but flesh. If you have a hunting dog you probably feed him dog biscuit, but If you want to put some ginger In him give him a piece of raw beef the day before you intend going hunting. I rather think Mr. Flynn has learned the lesson taught by the late P. T. Barnum. n. c. WOOD. LINCOLN ON PERSONAL SACRIFICE Hla Missive to Mother Who iave Coun try Klve Sons la Quoted. PORTLAND. Oct 4. (To the Editor.) Tho lamp of history illuminates its pages with heroic deeds of nations drawn into war solely for self-preservation. Physical unfitness among for eign peoples has ever been the alluring prey of the Alexanders, the Caesars and the Napoleons. A time comes in the story of every nation when per sonal sacrifice is the highest human attribute. To those mothers who live In the fan cied security of the present, I com mend a reading of the letter sent by Abraham Lincoln to the Spartan mother of New England: Executive Mansion. Washington. November SI. 1SS. Mrs. Blxby, Boston Mass. Dear Madam: I have been shown in the files of the War TX-partinent a statement of the Adjutant-General of Massachusetts that you are tho mother of five sons, who have died gloriously on tha field of bst tle. I feel how weak and fruitless must bo any words of mine which should attempt to berulie you from the grief of a loss rv overwhelming. But I cannot refrain irom tendering to you the consolation thut mi be found In tho thanks of tho Republic Ihev died to save. I pray that our heavenlv father may assuage the anfruish of your bereavement, and leavo you onlv the cher ished memory of tba loved and lost, and tha solemn pride that must bo yours to have laid so costly a sacrifice upon tha altar of freedom. Yours very sincerely and respectfullv, ABRAHAM LINCOLN. In my humble opinion the foregoing, for lofty diction religious fervor and patriotic feeling, is the finest example of letter-writing in our language. MARGARET LOGAN. - Books on the Philippines. PORTLAND. Oct. 4. (To the Editor.) 1) Please give me the name of an authoritative book or books on the Philippines, since the American occu pation. (2) Has President J. G. Schur man, of Cornell, written anything on that subject since his "Philippine Af fairs," published in 1902? A READER. - (1) C. Crow's "America and the Phil ippines," 1914, 3, Doubleday, Page A Co., N. . Y. : J. A. LeRoy's "Americans In the Philippines," 1914. two volumes, Houghton. Mifflin Co., Boston; and D. C. Worcester's "Philippines. Past and Present." 1914, two volumes, $6, Mac mlllan Co., N. Y. (2) No, according to records at the Multnomah Public Library. Winter Is Near at Hand The advance messengers of colder weather are making their presence felt. Time to prepare for the bleak days ahead, time to think about heavier clothing, bed covering and Winter rugs, and time to sea that the heating appliances are in shape. Preparation will save many dis comforts. Needed things always suggest the sure, short route for informa tion the advertising columns of The Oregonian. Advertisers are alert to your wants and are offering suggesr Uons from day to day.