THE MORXiyG OBEGONIAy. SATURDAY, OCTOBER 2, 1915.
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PORTMND, BATlKnAY, OCTOBER 5, 1911
: BAI.FHEARTEDLY FOR PREPAREDNESS,
'i The Oregonian had a Reynolds car-
.7 toon yesterday on the great and grow
ing question of military preparedness
The G. O. P. elephant was laving him-
eelf contentedly In the stream of ade
ouate National defenses, while the
Democratic donkey was hesitating on
, the brink. The President was urging
him to go forward and Mr. Bryan was
pulling backward with all his might.
; The situation could not have been ex
pressed more graphically or com
pletely.
If President Wilson shall urge upon
Congress a comprehensive plan of
military preparedness, it will not be
adopted by Democratic votes. The
Democratic party is only half-ffeart-edly
for a greater Army and greater
Navy, and many Democrats are op
posed to it outright.
If President Wilson shall fail to
' urge, and if Congress does not adopt,
an adequate system of defense, it will
- be the great issue next year 1n the
Presidential campaign. The Repub
licans will take full advantage of
Democratic neglect and division.
That is the situation, plainly and
tersely stated. President Wilson is
not backed by his own party, but the
Nation demands preparedness. It will
not accept any evasions, or postpone
ments, or half-sized substitutes. It
wants a real structure of preparation
lor a possible war.
Does Wilson or Bryan control the
Democratic party? Can a divided
Democratic party control the country?
We think not.
RECOGNITION MAT COME TOO LATE.
General Carranza, the man who re
peatedly told President Wilson to mind
bis own business when he interfered in
the affairs of Mexico, is confident of
success in eliminating Villa and
Zapata and of becoming the undis
iPuted Tuler of Mexico. His prospects
Bppear so good that the Pan-American
conferees are seriously consider
ing recognition of his government; An
Interview with him, published in the
Kew York Times, may be designed by
him to aid in ending hesitation on the
part of the conferees and may have
been published by the wish of the
Administration with a view of prepar
ing public opinion to accept their de
cision. General Carranza makes a good case
, on the face of things, and makes fair
promises, as would any man under like
circumstances. He says that, when
Villa seemed stronger than he. he
pleaded in vain for peace conferences
with Villa and Zapata. Now he
claims control of nearly seven-eighths
of Mexico, an army whose leaders are
loyal to him, and ability within a few
months to eliminate both Villa and
Zapata. He holds that there is no
reason for conferring with them.
Therefore he disagrees with the Pan
Americans" method, though not with
their Idea, of establishing peace He
fiays that his enemies must be van
: iujshed, for Madero paid with his
life for compromising with his ene
mies, and he will agree to no con
ference. The five-years' revolution now near
Its end is pronounced by Carranza to
be economic, not political, and to mean
the industrial awakening of Mexico.
He promises that there shall be no
more special privilege, as under Diaz,
but that all will be given an equal
chance and that foreigners will be
welcome to exploit the country's re
pourees, for their capital is needed.
He ridicules the suggestion that for
eign property will be confiscated, say
ing it "would mean nothing more than
a white elephant on our hands," and
that all he desires is a revenue from it.
Compensation is to be paid for foreign
property destroyed during the revo
lution, the amount to be fixed by a
tribunal composed of foreign repre
sentatives and an equal number of
Mexicans and to be paid from a spe
; rial reserve, fund which is to be
created.
Carranza, in effect, tells the Pan
Americans that he is going to win
whether they recognize him or not.
Then what a humiliating position they
will be in if they find no alternative to
recognition of the man who thus defies
them. The humiliation will be great
est for President Wilson, for it whs he
whom Carranza defied when United
states forces occupied Vera Cruz and
when the first chief talked of joining
Sorces. with Huerta to drive out the
"gringoes." He has scorned our invi
tation to a conference of Mexican lead
ers, at which he might establish his
claims: he preferred to do so by force
f arms, and he has almost made
good.
By its waiting policy the Administra
tion has thrown away two opportuni
ties to recognize a ruler of Mexico
under circumstances which would have
given us recognition a value such as
the ruler in question could not fall
to admit. The influence and prestige
of the United States would then have
een upheld. Huerta could have been
recognized at the time when the Car
ranza uprising was in its infancy.
Villa, who has always been decidedly
friendly to the United States, could
liave been placed under obligations to
this country if the provisional Presi
dent chosen by the Aguas Calientes
convention had been recognized. By
missing these ppportunities Mr. Wilson
lias put the man whom he cannot long
avoid recognizing in a position to dis
pense with, recognition as of small
value, and he now faces the necessity
tt turning down Villa, who would
have valued it highly.
The city seems to he unable to fell
Its wood supply. Thousands of cjreis
re stacked with little or no deman-i
for purchase despite the fact that tlie
whole city is laying in its Winter's
fuel supply at this time. Something
la wrong. The city lacks effecttve
tsUlo tas&vftu Eerbaea tbfi cries is
too high. At any rate, there must
be surmountable causes for a sluggish
demand at the city woodyard at this
particular season. This cause shauld
be traced and eliminated. The city
needs the money for the wood and
there are thousands of people who
need the wood and are willing to
pay for it.
ANOTHER INELIGIBLE.
The New Republic (New Tork), f
new and vigorous journal of opinion
with some half dozen distinguished
editors who sometimes agree with one
another, adds Mr. Root to the list of
Republican ineligible! in the following
fashion:
otvltlistandfnr Mr. Hoot's exceptional
qualification, for the work or th Presi
dential office, .hi, popularity a, a candidate
would suff-er very much from the antag
onism provoked by hie career. There would
Be aroused against him all the bitter per
sonal, sectional and class opposition which
remain left over from the political contro
versies or toe Taft Administration. The
Republican voters of the Western states are
not interested in military preparedness,
foreign policy and administrative reorgan
isation. They are still very much interested
in preventing any man from becoming Presi
dent whose profession or business career has
Deen closely associated with Eastern corpo
rations. It is hard to disagree with the con
clusions as to Mr. Root's qualifica
tions and his unavailability, and it is
possible to add one or two more cogent
reasons for the opinion that he would
make a great President and that he
could not be elected. But It Is not
easy to see where the New Republic
got its strange Ideas as to the provin
cialism and blindness of Western Re
publicans.
Undoubtedly they are for military
preparedness, a strong foreign policy
and for administrative reorganization
whatever the latter means.
There is extant authoritative pro
gressive testimony that Mr. Root is
the greatest man of his time, and he
has given so many recent evidences of
a disinterested purpose to serve the
whole public that he has brought en
comiums even from men and journals
that have heretofore denounced him
as a mere corporation lawyer who also
defended Boss Tweed in the '70s.
Mr. Root abandoned a most lucra
tive practice as a lawyer to enter pub
lic lire, as Secretary of War for
McKinley, Secretary of State for
Roosevelt, and as Senator for the
State of New Tork. If experience,
character, firmness, frankness are de
sirable qualities in a President. Mr,
Root has them.
But, alas! Mr. Root presided over
tne Republican National Convention
in 1912, and supported Mr. Taft.
Therefore, he did not support Mr.
Roosevelt; hence he is not available.
Besides, he is over 70 years of age.
EXPLORIXO THE WOOLLY WEST.
lhis enforced seeing of America
first during the period that European
tourist travel is .shut down should
have one highly important effect from
an educational standpoint. It should
serve to disabuse the provincial minds
or the East of the belief that
the wild and woolly West of two or
three generations ago continues to ex
ist. TV hat must the ordinary lay mind
in Atlantic seaboard environs think of
us, if a person of supposed enlighten
ment such as Mrs. Emily Post visits
Kansas in quest of the untamed cow
boy and expresses amazement at the
absence of bad men, buffalo herds
and ferocious Indians?
"Where, oh, where is the West
that Easterners dream of?" Mrs. Post
exclaims in the periodical which has
sent her out to explore the trackless
West anew. That West is exactlv
where Mrs. Post puts it and where
t has been for the past ten or twenty
years in the dreams of untutored
Easterners. It has no existence out
side the movies and the pages of
Western stories written for Eastern
publications by Eastern swashbuckler
who never have trailed the setting sun
west of Hoboken, N. J. The effete
imitators of Bret Harte never get tired
oorrowing trom his local color and
although the scenes of his picturesque
tales are now occupied by skvscraners
and peopled by a race that observes
all the proprieties and niceties of so
cial intercourse, the ghosts of Dead
Man's Gulch are ke'pt doing literarv
capers for the benefit of a gullible
East.
As the Emily Post exploration nartv
proceeds westward from decorous
Kansas her disillusionment should
progress rapidly. Every comfort
and convenience to which she can
possibly have been accustomed will
be at hand wherever she e-r.es
in the cities and towns of the West.
The people will be less superficial in
manners, less ostentatious, less selfish
and less brusque, but otherwise she
win have little occasion to suspect
that she has wandered awav frnm
One Hundred and Fiftieth street
WILSON OFFERS MAKESHIFTS.
President Wilson continues his stub
born opposition to the establishment
of a tariff commission, notwithstand-
r mat its need is clear to leadine
men in all parties and in all lines of
business. In reply to a letter from
ex-Governor Cox, of Ohio, a Democrat,
asking him to recommend a tariff
commission to Congress, Mr. Wilson
wrote, on August 27:
The full powers of tariff nm.i-.,i
are already organized in existing organiza
tions of the Government: most of tiiem
and really more than the former commis
sion had, in the Bureau of l,-nri,n
Domestic Commerce of the npnni-tien,
Commerce, and others powers of investiga
tion chiefly in the hands of the new Fed
eral Trade Commission.
ferhaps It would be better If these vnri.i-,.
powers were assembled in the hands of one
bureau or department, but aside trom this I
think the machinery exists for thnrnnvhiu
scientific treatment of the tariff question.
If anything is lacking to give these powers
efficincjf, of course, I am heartily in favor
of doing It.
The means of tariff investigation to
which Mr. Wilson refers are misera
bly insufficient: they are mere make
shifts, or rather excuses, for not es
tablishing a real commission. The
Bureau of Foreign and Domestic Com
merce is headed by a mere partisan ap
pointee under the direction of another
partisan appointee the Secretary of
Commerce and Is officered by men
who are too small for the job and
whose names would carry no weight
with the people or with Congress.
The Federal Trade Commission will
be occupied chiefly with inquiries into
internal commerce. if legislation
against trusts is to be efficiently en
forced. With both of these bodies
tariff inquiry is a side issue, their
powers are limited and their reports
would not command the attention the
importance of the subject requires.
By waving the subject aside in the
manner he does, the President shows
his utter failure to grasp the truth
of what James J. Hill says that we
must begin now to prepare for the
great revolution in commerce which
will follow the war; that tariff duties
must be arranged "in recognition of
profound industrial changes," and that
the tariff should be turned over to
a commission of experts. Mr. Wilson
sfiSiRg gore interested jq, preserving J
ntact the wonderful work of his party.
which almost turned the balance of
trade against the United States in the
year before the war. than In patriotic
ally correcting his party's errors and
facing the new conditions which the
war has brought about.
The present situation requires us
to cast aside considerations of party
advantage and preconceived theories
of protection, free trade or revenue
tariff. It requires deep study of the
entire tariff question by men broad
enough and open-minded enough to
attack the subject in that spirit and
men big enough to command respect
for their conclusions by the people
and by Congress. The subject is large
enough and intricate enough to re
quire the entire time and attention of
such men without digression to many
other subjects, such as Is inevitable
with the Commerce Bureau -or the
Trade Commission. The Tariff Com
mission should be above party and
should be permanent and continuous,
as is the Interstate Commerce Com
mission. It should have power to in
vestigate. - report and recommend
without awaiting orders from anybody.
Its abolition should be possible only
by a distinct act of Congress, not by
failure to make an appropriation,
which killed the Taft Tariff Commis
sion. If such an organization cannot be
procured with the aid of Mr. Wilson
and his party, it will be established
against their opposition. The move
ment on its behalf has already enlisted
the support of leaders 1n industry,
labor, agriculture and social better
ment. It is broader than any party
and draws strength from all parties
and from men who pay little heed
to politics. It must succeed because
the sober thought of the Nation tells
us thaf its success is necessary to the
commercial progress of the United
States in the struggle for world trade
which approaches.
BROKERS. IN HUMAN ILLS.
An energetic campaign against fee-
splitting among medical men has been
undertaken by the American College of
Surgeons which finds in the practice
a menace not alone to professional
ethics but to the lives of victims of
this pernicious vice. An expose by a
well-known Investigator of the whole
fee-splitting system is sent out by
the American College and a num
ber of alarming abuses of the hapless
victim of human ills are laid bare. We
are assured, of course, that the prac
tice is confined to a relatively small
number of unprincipled mercenaries
in the medical fraternity, and we hope
that is true, even while harboring a
rear that the habit may have seized
upon more of our doctors and surgeons
than the average professional man
would care to admit.
But we agree with the American
College of Surgeons that vigorous steps
must be taken against the fee-splitting
wing of the medical fraternity. It is
a matter in which the public is more
deeply concerned than the ethical
members of the profession. As in all
other forms of abuse the public is
the victim. Where the ethical surgeon
has his finer sensibilities shocked the
victim has his life in the balance.
As pointed out by Dr. Walter A.
Evans, a Chicago investigator of the
abuse, laws are of little avail. Legis
lation has been passed in Ohio, Iowa
and Wisconsin without beneficial re
sults. Laws might restrict the prac
tice to those of a less cautious nature
or remove the brazen openness with
which fees are sometimes split. But
the practice 'continues. The remedy
left, then, is that of warning the pub
lic and putting people on their guard
against the black sheep who would
commercialize our woes. It would be
well, further, if some method might
be devised of visiting public exposure
and the attendant disgrace upon those
conscienceless medicos who persist.
Fee-splitting is nothing short of a
brokerage in our afflictions. It is
a capitalization of the bodily woes to
which mankind is heir. While there
may be a legal distinction we fail to
note any moral difference between
the practice of sandbagging a man
for his money and that of sending him
with his ills to a surgeon whose princi
pal qualification for the serious opera
tion at hand lies in his willingness to
split the fee. As Dr. Evans points out.
the surgeon who divvies must be a
second or third class operator. The
others are fully occupied and have no
need of a network of medical brokers.
Assuming that all surgeons general
ized and that general surgery were
little more than craftsmanship, the
fee-splitting practice might not be
such a serious matter as we see it. Then
the choice of surgeon would be of
small moment. But the fact remains
that there are surgeons and surgeons.
Even amoflg the first-class operators
one excels in one particular class of
cases and another in some other class.
Tne discriminating doctor who is send
ing a patient to the surgery for an
operation ha cannot perform himself,
selects an operator particularly quali
fied for the special operation required.
But suppose he has taken up the
practice of splitting fees. Does that
not warp his judgment? When he has
diagnosed the case of a patient who
must submit to the knife he at once
8 influenced In favor of the surgeon
who will divide the proceeds. The
case may be one demanding the high
est character of surgical skill along
particular lines, yet the patient is sent
to a fee-splitter. We haven't the
slightest doubt but that many a vic
tim of this trafficking in human lives
has left its Imprint on the mortality
records. There would seem td be
room for little doubt but that many
victim now occupies a grave that
should bear the inscription, "A victim
of fee-splitting."
Detection of fee-splitters, of course.
is difficult. We surmise that doctors
do not herald such delinquencies al
though we can imagine them quarrel
ing in most hvely fashion behind
closed door should any misunderstand
ing arise over the division. Dr. Evans
warns the patient to be wary of any
doctor who makes a diagnosis and
then offers to arrange for the opera
tion with this surgeon or the other.
It is the most natural thing in the
world for the uninitiated victim to ask
directions. It is quite right that the
doctor should give such honest in
formation on this score as is possible.
But if the doctor shows an inclination
to take the case right in hand and
arrange all the details he should be
viewed with suspicion. He may be
concerned not so much with the weir
fare Of his patient as with protecting
his own interests as a medical broker.
At this point might arise the ques
tion of whether the doctor who makes
the diagnosis is entitled to further
compensation in the matter. Broker
ago in commodities is an eminently
respectable calling. The laws give
the broker full protection. There are
few transactions in real estate or com
modities but that fee-splitting occurs.
ij would ss&a hut a ste$ furjhtr. lo
this direction to give the doctor the
same privilege.
But the distinction Is moral and
ethical and the application of broker
age methods to treatment of human
miseries must be viewed from the
viewpoint of the evils it generates.
These evils, as we have seen already,
are multitudinous. . Not the least of
them is the probability that an opera
tor, who Is of fee-splitting caliber,
would accept without question the di
agnosis of his broker or should we
say confederate? Why should he ques
tion too closely? He might discover
that an appendix had been wrongly
diagnosed as infected and such s dis
covery would put an end to a profit
able piece of business. Besides, why
should he question the diagnosis? He
might thereby lose the brokerage cases
from that particular source.
Doctors and surgeons who engage
in this sort of thing cannot long re
main honest or efficient In their pro
fession. Such juggling with human
lives is certain to blunt the conscience
and darken the soul. Such greed is the
cousin of dishonesty. Those profes
sional men who have not been blighted
by this curse, and we assume that they
form the great majority, should lend
an active hand in extirpating this In
sidious menace to human life and to
the ethics of the medical profession.
A family traveling across the coun
try has been halted here by typhoid
fever. Needless to say, the disease
was not contracted hereabouts. But
the incident calls attention to the
need of precautions by travelers in
autos and wagons who must need
drink every sort of water. Those who
contemplate a trip of that kind should
fortify themselves by taking the in
oculation against typhoid which has
been found so effective in every part
of the world. The treatment is sim
ple and inexpensive and the benefits
without measure.
We cannot find it in our heart to
sympathize with the American skipper
who was bullied by a brutal member
of his crew who knocked him down
with a belaying pin. Tradition bus
established the character of the real
skipper and he should be master at all
times. It is he who should use the
belaying pin when other methods fall.
Once the men know who is boss and
that he is not to be trifled with, har
mony rules supreme and a pleasant
voyage ensues for all aboard.
The battle in the west should be
gin to take definite form within a
few days. The Germans are reported
to be fighting from their second line.
We take that to mean their -second
line of trenches. Once they are forced
back upon their second defensive line
their stranglehold upon France'will
have been broken and the allies will
have real cause for optimism.
Now that it is possible for one man
to talk to another across the con
tlnent without use of wires, we shall
expect eventually to simplify and ex
tend wireless telephony still further.
One day, no doubt, it will be possible
for us to carry a pocket wireless out
fit about with us and talk to friends
and business associates in any part of
the world.
That Illinois dairywoman who is giv
ing her herds Christian Science treat
ment for hoof and mouth disease
seems to have put the big Union Stock
yards on the blink; but what is good
for man ought to be good for his
beast.
Perhaps it is as well that the war
prevents traffic through the Panama
Canal from becoming heavy during the
first two years after it is opened. Time
is thus allowed for all the slides there
can be to come down and be dug out-
Kitchener's army takes to fighting
as a duck takes to water, but the
real test of its quality will come
when it Is called upon to stand up
under disaster, as did French's army
in the retreat from Mons.
The men who are starting a beet-
sugar refinery on Rogue River show
no fear that sugar will go on the free
list. The tariff is too badly needed
"for revenue only."
Possibly the finest Hood River
apples are to be sent to the Fair, but
it is just as likely the finest will be
on exhibit at the Land Products Show
here.
Some of the Germans will bite the
Hood River apple. A carload has been
consigned to Russia, via Copenhagen.
The fruit is too good to let it pass.
After eight years of existence the
anti-matrimonial club of young society
giris at Berkeley disbands for obvious
reasons, mainly natural.
The task of digging the Germans
out of France is more laborious and
costly than was their own task of
digging themselves in.
The National Administration is
puzzled as to how the deficit should
be met. More taxes has been the
answer so far.
Being neutral and at peace with all
nations, the United States must put a
stop to the drilling by Coreans In
Hawaii.
The war which has spread sorrow
over Europe has brought Joy to Pitts
burg with a payroll of 133,000,000 a
month.
The hunter who is a true sport will
not kill a hen pheasant, but to the
game hog anything inside feathers is
game.
Sounds like Old Testament times to
read in the Salem news of the mar
riage of a man of 81 to a woman of 7 S.
When President Wilson reviewed
the veterans of '65, he saw the only
army we ever had in this country.
If Mr. Bryan can only tap the Ford
millions, he will make a noise like a
jitney in preaching mollycoddlism.
Must have been a ripping good joke
that caused the laughter whereby a
man almost swallowed his teeth.
Boreas tries to rival Mars In de
vastation, but he is a poor third, with
earthquakes second.
The ankle watch, which supersedes
the wrist article, will- be on display
Dress-up week.
The Kaiser may yet have to send
Von Hindenburg to the west.
Perhaps Wilson prefers to giv the
Pair, thfi absent, treatment.
Twenty-Five Years Age
From The Oregonian of October 2, 180.
oan rrancisco, Oct. 1. The gross
esrnmsi or tne soutnern Pacific sys
tem for August were S4.4S3.769. snd
the gross earnings for the year up to
uaie were .all, I Ju.uuu, as against 129,
497,300 last year.
Perth. Oct. 1. Louis Kossuth, the
Hungarian patriot, has written a let
ter in which he advises Hungarian ex
tremists to take their stand on the
dualistic principles enunciated In 1849.
Mayor DeLashmutt has started East
to meet his family, who have been
traveling: in Europe, and who Kail from
Southampton for home on the 9th tnst.
wimam Jackson Armstrong, of
vvasnington, Jt. J., late Inspector-General
of the United States consulates
for Europe, has reached Grants Pass
and will soon be in Portlaiwi.
Dr. A. W. Botkin, who for six months
has been house Burgeon of the Portland
hospital, has received the appointment
as Government surgeon on the Warm
Springs Indian reservation.
The medical department of the Uni
versity of Oregon began its regular
session yesterday morning. Dr. G. M.
Wells, president of the State Medical
Society.delivered the opening address.
Boston.. Oct. 1. A public meeting
preliminary to tne annual meeting of
the Civil Service Reform League was
held in Fremont Temple this evening.
President George William Curtis de
livered the annual address to a large
audience.
UNEMPLOYMENT OF ELDERLY MEN
Writer's Own Case Causes Illm to In
quire mm to Society's Duty.
PORTLAND, Sept. 28. (To the Edi
tor.) Discussions about the "Problem
of the Unemployed" interest many, my
self among them, but with natural and
unavoidable selfishness, I am interested
most in the possible reasonable em
ployment of old or elderly men for I
am one of them not hopeless drunk
ards or diseased or crippled old men.
Society must, or, I think, should, some
how take care of them, modestly and
systematically, but fairly healthy and
vigorous old men who are able and
willing to do considerable not too heavy
work, who won't get drunk and don t
smoke; who are willing, intelligent and
conscientious but no longer attractive;
quiet, rather decent old men, who no
longer have families or close ties, but
who In varied "clutches of circum
stance" or "bludgeoning of chance"
are down and out, moneyless, homeless,
practically friendless; possibly with not
even the poor farm, if they would
choose it as against the river, tor a
refuge are there not places in city
or country for such old men?
I have advertised, I have ridden and
walked altogether hundreds of miles
in this rich and splendid surrounding
country; I have come apparently near
a Job that I would fairly tit into sev
eral times, but always to be disap
pointed: I have spent two months thus,
and now Winter, is coming on, and I
have exactly 20 cents left. and. having
a good appetite and a civilized deBire
for a decent bed and about eight hours'
sleep. I am wondering what I will do.
Of course, there is always one thing a
man in such "clutch" can do but I
always dreaded cold water on the sur
face. Now, I have no doubt that there are
people who could use such an old man
(64) and give him decent, modest home
conTforts, and pay him small wages, to
their own advantage. Such an arrange
ment would be beneficial not only es
pecially to him, but in a lesser degree,
perhaps, to his employer, and also, if
in a less definite and easily discernible
sense, to society, that must otherwise,
somehow, sooner or later, be put to
some little expense on his account.
In the multiform movements and ef
forts to aid and benefit the various
sorts of unfortunates, might not some
effort be made to connect, to their mu
tual benefit, or at least agreeably to
both, such needful men and those who
could advantageously employ them? " 1
hope I am not deceived by my own
urgent desire and dire necessity, and
so am not mistaken in thinking that
this communication may be considered
by you as of some general and not
solely of particular and private Interest-
PAUL JOHN,
Workingmen'a Club, 271 Front Street,
Portland.
CLEARING ESTIMATE IS TOO HIGH
Writer Criticises Flsrure-s on Coat of
Puttiaa; Land In Loganberries.
PORTLAND. Oct. 1. (To the Editor.)
The Oregonian has published a letter
by M. W. Rowley on the subject of
clearing our loggeu-ofT land and plant
ing it to loganberries. He gives figures
for the cost of land, clearing, planting,
etc., by which he shows that land
planted to loganberries will cost J280
an acre. Let mo give my figures:
In the first case. Iogged-off land suit
able for loganberries can be bought for
$-0 an acre. Using the new method
not the pioneer style of clearing by
strength alone that land can be cleared
for 170 an acre. During the clearing
enough material will be salvaged to
provide posts for the wires. For
plants, labor and material he can count
on not more than $60 an acre. This
will make a total of $160 an acre. In
stead of 8280 estimated by Mr. Rowley
Further, so sure am I that my figures
are risrht that if he or anyone else is
prepared to contract lor a block of 80
acres or more at that price, I shall be
Slad to undertake the work.
A grower who takes up, say 10 acres
of this land, can cultivate between the
rows the first year and so get a small
income. After the second year, unless
Oovernment pamphlets are hopelessly
misleading-, he can look for an average
yield of six tons of fruit to the acre.
Putting this at Mr. Rowley's figure of
8,10 a ton net after picking, he will
have left 8180 an acre to pay the cost
of cultivating and handling the fruft.
Supposing these operations did cost $80
an acre, would not the net return of
$100 an acre be worth while on land
that cost $150?
When considering" a new fruit you
cannot say thatr demand will create
supply, for in the nature of things
there is no demand. But any business
man knows that a supply of a good
article, well advertised, will create an
Insistent demand. Despite the skeptics,
of which our state has an over-abundant
supply, the foganberry can and
will in the near future transform
thousands of acres of idle logged. oft
land into homes for prosperous set
tlers. G. WTNN WILSON.
Peaceful Families and Peaceful Nations
WASHOUGAL, Wash.. Sept. 30. (To
the Editor.) In an article in The Ore
gonian Gay Lombard criticises Miss De
Graff for trying to discourage mili
tarism in our schools and seems to hold
the idea that if we have no resistance
our race will revert back or turn into
mollycoddles. This would prove that
families in which peace prevails are
undesirable, while families where war
and strife exist are'the most desira
ble. I think Mr. Lombard would dis
like to have the public think this were
the condition In his home.
He furthermore says that forms and
laws cannot change mankind, which is
very correct- But if we commence
with the individual, so that Individuals
become right, the laws will be right
also and that is what Miss De Grff
seems to be trying to do.
It is as criminal for two nations to
kill one another as for two men and
we do well if we take heed to him who
said "Thou Shalt not kill."
ONE HOOTS, THFi OTHER DRVSIS
Bine and Raffed Gran, Differ In Other
Pnrtiralara Also.
PORTLAND, Or Oct. 1. To the Ed
itor.) The blue grouse of Oregon never
drums. In the matins season he tries
to crow and makes a noise which he
repeats three or four times at intervals
and which sounds like a grunt. When I
first shot these birds they were called
"hooters." A bird but a few yards
away when hooting gives one the Im
pression that the sound comes from
some large animal in pain which is
over the hills and far away. This ven
trlloqulstie impression is similar to that
produced by the bellow of the real
Way-Down-East bullfrog. The ruffed
grouse, incorrectly called the OreKon
pheasant, never hoots, but lie does drum.
' The two birds in question are raui
cally different in their habits, colors
and In flesh. The blue grouse winters
in the fir timber, feeding on fir buds,
and his flesh becomes unpalatable at
that season from his reststcted diet.
The ruffed grouse winters on the
ground and in deciduous' trees and
shrubs. The habitat of the blue grouse
Is limited to Western Oregon and
Washington, the samo longitude in
British Columbia, and possibly a few
may be found in Northern California.
On the eastern slopes of the Cas
cades and in British Columbia is found
a timber grouse similar to our blue
grouse, but it is a different variety of
the grouse family. In Northern Idaho
and in some of the surrounding regions
Is found the pine hen. a little smaller
than the ruffed grouse and with very
similar coloring, but so different in
other respects that he used to be known
as the "fool hen." On this side of the
Rockies we have several other varie
ties of grouse, such as the sagehen. the
prairie chicken and others, but all are
different varieties of the same family,
and different from their Eastern rela
tives, except the ruffed grouse, who is
the most widely disseminated of Amer
ican game birds, his habitat reaching
from the Atlantic to the Paciflo where
conditions are favorable In northern
latitudes. There Is no true pheasant
indigenous to America. A. A. L.
WAR LAID TO MEAT AMI LIQUOR
Tonaeen Also Han Part In Malting Man
Belligerent.
B1SAVERTON. Or., Oct. 1. (To the
Editor.) So long as man shall eat of
the dead flesh of animals and indulge
in the use of liquors, tobacco, etc., so
long will he create war in his body
and war in the body leads to war uni
versal. Let man put these things from him.
and in seven yeara he shall attain a
spiritual consciousness that shows him
all life is sacred, and it were better
to forfeit his own life than to take
another's. The man who kills, whether
by order of the state or not, puis his
soul in bondage on the earth plane
till war shall cease forever. If one's
spiritual insight be quickened to see
the awful bondage of King or Emperor
whose soul leaves the body to meet the
malice and revent of those whose
death he has cauWt, neither can he
escape It, though he call on God or
rocks to annihilate him.
There will always be plenty who will
want to fight so long as slaughtered
animals are eaten and stimulants
drunk. Only those who walk the per
fect way know the power of the
Almighty to protect in times of danger.
To drill the young to walk upright
and march to music in perfect harmony
Is a great benefit. To teach them to
dance or do anything which gives
grace and beauty to the body in its
motion; in fact, it is absolutely neces
sary to the well-being of a race.
America shall never attain a large
army or navy. She is designed from
the first to unite the peoples of the
earth into one tongue, one nation. Aw
she united herself into states, so shall
she be the chief in uniting, the nations
of the earth Into one brotherhood, with
one language. She is destined to be the
nation to practice the love that
maketh the Father's will be done on
earth as it is in heaven.
THOMAS A. ANKER.
r
IS MISSING LINK
REALLY MISSING?
Discussed in The Sunday Oregonian
The mystery of our prehistoric ancestors always is an absorbing
one and has become the subject of endless research. Now that it is
generally accepted that man descended from the lower forms of
animal life, the task of tracing the various evolutions through which
the human race has advanced to its present stage of development i3
occupying- the attention of numerous scientific minds.
Recent discoveries in various parts of the world lend color to the
theory that the "missing link," which in popular fancy formed a
connection between man and his ape-like ancestors, is not missing
at all and that the descent of man now can be pretty clearly traced.
All these developments will be fully explained in The Sunday
Oregonian with photographs.
SOLDIERS HAVE QUEER VISIONS Nurses in the European hospi
tals tell strange tales of their conversations with wounded soldiers
and the strange beliefs and superstitions that sometimes govern the
soldiers' actions.
One of the nurses who heard some of the soldiers tell these tales
recently related her experiences to The Oregonian correspondent in
Paris, who will present her story in full in tomorrow's paper.
PORTLAND ONCE HAD HIGH SCHOOL CADETS In the light of
all the controversy that now is raging regarding the proposed for
mation of companies of cadets among the high school boys in Port
land, it is interesting to know that Portland formerly had some very
creditable military organizations among her high school boys. Com
panies "I" and "H" flourished here more than 25 years ago. Some
members of these old companies now are among the city's prominent
citizens. Others have moved away. Yet others have died. The Sun
day issue will present photographs of these organizations and will
give the present whereabouts of the members.
INTIMATE VIEW OF VINCENT ASTOR No young man in the
country is more in the public eye than Vincent Astor, who came into
possession of all the Astor millions when his father, Colonel John
Jacob Astor, perished on the Titanic a few years ago. Recently a
representative of The Oregonian had a long private conversation
with Mr, Astor. He will tell his impressions of the young multi
millionaire to The Oregonian readers tomorrow.
HOW TO HAVE ROSY CHEEKS Lillian Russell offers another
pageful of advice to women tomorrow. She tells them how to be
rosy-cheeked and lissome. Many other beauty hints also will be
contained in Miss Russell's personally conducted page.
EVERY MAN'S BODY A DRUG STORI3 How the human body pro
tects itself from injury, how it heals its wounds and how it nurses
itself back to health when ill will be explained tomorrow by Dr.
Woods Hutchinson, the well-known writer on medical subjects.
ANOTHER NEW DANCE UNEARTHED Now comes some fellow
with another freak dance. It comes from Chili and is called the
"pericon." Because it is freakish it promises to be popular. So to
morrow's big Sunday issue will tell how it is done and offer a few
. helpful illustrations.
MORE MOVING-PICTURE GOSSIP Another full page of motion
picture news will be printed tomorrow, together with a picture of
one of the best-known and most popular film stars.
YOUNG PEOPLE HAVE DEPARTMENT A whole half page will be
devoted to the little folks tomorrow. It will contain storiettes,
puzzles, poems, pictures and items of useful information. Further
to please the children will be Donahey's page of illustrated fairy
stories and the comic section with the latest escapades of Doc Yale
and Polly fully detailed.
TEMPLE HERE AGAIN Temple's "Sketches From Life" will be one
of the bright and attractive features tomorrow. He has selected
three subjects with which every one is familiar.
OTHER DEPARTMENTS AS USUAL Besides all this, the Sunday
paper will contain its usual quota of sporting, dramatic, society, real
estate, auto and other news.
Hali a Century Ago
From The Oregonian of October 2. ISSo.
The Cincinnati Herald says that Har
rison II. Dodd, the Indianapolis con
spirator, who terminated his prison life
by sliding down a rope instead of
dangling at the end of it. is in Canada,
in good physical condition but rather
seedy. He repents his folly- and curses
his old associates with fervor.
Six steamboats were burned near this
city one day last week. They were the
property of the O. S. N. Co. The Ex
press, Mountain Buck, Jennie Clark.
Independence and two other superan
nuated hulks. They were burned for
the iron they contained.
During the last week 82 wagons of
immigrants reached the citv by the
steamer Cascade. They were encamped
yesterday in every portion of the
suburbs.
The Portland Academy and Female
Seminary is filling up encouragingly
with students.
The trial of Wirt, the keeper of An
dersoiiville prison. has commenced.
Several witnesses have been examined
who have repeated the oft-told tale
of the woe and suffering endured at
Andersonville. They testified to hor
rible barbarity and brutal murder on
the part of Wirtz.
The Great Eastern has reached Eng
land, taking with her the same report
concerning the attempt to lay the At
lantic cable that we received from one
of her consorts a week or two since.
Good Roads af Military Valne.
PORTLAND. Oct. 1. (To the Ed
itor.) I trust the editor will permit
me to reply to his editorial entitled
"Mud for Defense." Not that I esre
to defend Mr. Bryan. I have always
believed In a vigorous foreign policy.
In this respect Mr. Bryan and I are
s far apart as the poles. But when
he advocated good roads he must have
been struck by a great light.
1 think Germany's effectiveness has
been doubled by hrr roads. She has
be enabled to throw troops at will
from one front to the other as a re
sult of her railroads and highways.
And at this time, in Russia's hour of
retreat, her bad roads, or. rather, lack
of roads, has added to Germany's dis
comfiture. But had she the roads that
Germany had at her disposal, with her
unlimited forces, so that she could
have thrown her strength from one
flank to the other at will instead of
moving over two sides of a triangle
to reach the other end of the base. It
is possible she would not havo been
forced into this retreat.
I believe our roasts should be so
developed with railroads and highways
so that our troops (when we have
them) can be thrown to any threat
ened point with the utmost dispatch.
There is no need of moving along
radial lines when you can move along
the arc of a circle to make your dis
positions which you ought. On the
outbreak of war we ought to be pre
pared to defend our shores at once.
The best defensive, as Napoleon says,
is the offensive, to which nothing con
tributes so much as roads.
DAVID A. GLASGOW.
The Oregonian has not disputed the
military value of good roads to a coun
try prepared for defense. It merely
points out the incongruity of Mr.
Bryan's attitude In favoring roads for
military purposes and opposing mili
tary preparedness.
Bravery of si Huaband,
Boston Transcript.
Hub One night while you, were away
I heard a burglar. You should have
seen me going downstairs three steps at
a time.
Wife (who knows him) Where was
he, on the roof?