TTTE MOTINTNG OREGONTAN. TnURSDAT, SEPTEMBER 30, 1913.
IS
FOR RAIDS BY AIR
Zeppelin Commander Tells of
Voyage, in Which Thames
Was His Guide in Night.
AEROS HOLD NO TERROR
Defense Aircraft Cannot Rise liap
idly Enough to Great Height and
Destruction Is Done Before
Chase Can Be Begun.
(Continued From FlrFt Page )
sure road to the great city. The Eng
lish can darken London as much as
they want; they can never eradicate
or cover up the Thames. It Is our
great orientation point from which we
can always get our bearings and pick
up any point in .London we desire.
"That doesn't mean that we always
come up along- the Thames, by any
means. London Is darkened, but suf
ficiently lighted on this night so that
I saw the reflected glow on the sky
60 kilometers (37 miles) away shortly
before 10 o'clock.
"We headed straight for the glow In
the sky, and then for a point on the
Thames to get our bearings for our
objective of attack. Soon the city was
outlined, still and silent, below in the
distance. There were dark spots which
stood out from the '-'ue lights In the
well-lit portions. The residence sec
tions are not much darkened. . It was
the dark spots I was after, and bore
down on them, as they marked the
downtown city.'
City Suddenly Comes Into Life.
"A large city seen at night from a
Kreat height Is fairly like a picture.
TVe were too high to see the human
beings in the streets below. There
was no sign of life, except in the dis
tance the movement and the light of
what were probably railroad trains.
All seems very quiet, no noises ascend
from below that penetrate the sput
tering motors and whirring propellers.
"As if In the twinkling of an eye all
this changes. A sudden flash a nar
row band of brilliant lig'ht reaches out
from below and begins to feel around
' the sky a second third fourth fifth
- soon more than a score of cris-cross-lng
ribbons ascend.
"From the Zeppelin it looks as if the
city had suddenly come to life and
was waving its arms around the sky,
tending out feelers for the danger
that threatens, but our impression is
more that they are tentacles seeking
to drag us to destruction.
"London keeps good watch on the
eky. Our motors and propellers soon
revealed our presence. First one, then
another and another of those, ribbons
shooting out from the glaring eye
like searchliglfts picks us up.
Ominous Sound Cornea From Below.
"'Now from below comes an ominous
Bound that penetrates the noise of the
motors and propellers. There are lit
tle red flashes and short bursts of fire
which etand out prominently against
the black background. From the north,
from the south, from the right, from
the left they appear, and following the
flashes rolls up from below the sound
of guns.
"It is a beautiful and impressive
but fleeting picture as seen from above,
probably no less interesting from be
low, the grayish dim outline of the
Zeppelins gliding through the wavering
ribbons of light and the shrapnel cloud
lets which hang thick.
"There are a thousand small lamps,
and amid these, especially in the black
spots below, the city turns on us its
baleful gleaming great eye-like search
lights, with the constant led flash of
many guns from the coalblack sections.
"But we have no time to admire; our
eyes and mind must be concentrated
on our work, for at any moment we
may be plunged below in a shapeless
mass of. wreckage and human bodies
iashed unrecognizable. You saw it at
Johannisthal two years ago.
Course Laid for Bank of England.
"I had so little time to register
impressions that. I have to think back
now to give you a descriptive word
picture of the scene. When the lirst
searchlight picks you up and you see
the first flash of guns from below,
your nerves get a little shock, but
j WHERE BOMBS FROM ZEPPELINS
LONDON
MAPPED
key to map of Part of l.ndJ, StoJrvlmc Where, According; to Information CJlven to Karl H. Von Wlrjiand, the World's Correspondent In Berlin,
the Ureatest Uwwe Was WronRkt by Uerman Bombs. (1) Liverpool Station, Reported "Almost a Total Wreck." (2) Blshopsgate Street,
Where Foir BifT Business Houses Were Destroyed. (3 The Tower Bridge. (4) Holborn Viaduct. (5) Wood Street, Several Buildlnajs
Rtirnvd. (6) Bank of England, Rear Part Destroyed. (7 Stock Exchange. (S) Tower. Near Which Bomb F11. 9) London Brldite, Near
V. hich Another Fell. (10) Leadenhall Street, "Much Destruction Reported." In Thla Neighborhood Many Other Bomba Fell, In Bloomflcld, Moor
gate, A Ideate, Holborn Near Farriagton Road, Etc. (11) Hatten Garden.
... I
then you steady down and put your
mind on what you are there lor.
"I picked up St. Paul's, and with
that as a point of orientation, laid a
course for the Bank of England. There
was a big searchlight in the immediate
vicinity of St. Paul's, and the English
had placed a battery of guns under
cover of that church, as I could plainly
see from the flashes as they belched
shrapnel at us.
"Perhaps, from the military stand
point, I "would under the circum
stances have been justified in drop
ping bombs on the battery, which was
very near St. Paul's, but 'I had neither
desire nor intention to do so. for fear
of possibly damaging the church. How
ever, I don't think the English should
use churches, museums and similar
buildings as cover or protection for
their guns.
"Although we had been fired upon
from all sides, we had not yet dropped
a bomb. Above the Bank of England,
however, I shouted through the speaking-tube
connecting me with my Lieu
tenant at the firing apparatus: 'Fire
slowly.'
Effort Mode to Hit Bridge.
"Now mingling with the dim thun
der but vivid flash of the guns below
came explosions and burst the flames
of our bombs. With my mind solely
concentrated on picking out the places
previously on the programme for at
tack as being factors of military value,
bearing on the preparation, concen
tration and transportation of troops,
or of other military use, and on steer
ing the Zeppelin and directing the
firing, the comparatively short time
above London appeared much longer
than it actually was.
"I soon observed flames bursting
forth in several places. Over Hol
born Viaduct and the vicinity of Hol
born Station we dropped several
bombs. From the Bank of England to
the Tower is a short distance. I tried
to hit the bridge, and I believe I was
successful, to what extent of damage
I could not determine.
"Flashes from the Tower showed
that the guns placed there, which I had
already observed on a previous at
tack, were keeping up a lively fire.
Maneuvering and arriving directly
over Liverpool Station, I shouted
'Rapid fire!" through the tube, and
the bombs rained down.
"There was a succession of detona
tions and bursts of fire, and I could
see that we had hit well, and appar
ently caused great damage, which has
been confirmed by reliable reports we
have since received. Flames burst
forth in several places in that vicinity.
Dash for Home Besrun.
"Having dropped all the bombs, I
turned for a dash for home. My
orders had been carried out, and car
ried out quickly. Despite the bom
bardment of the sky. we had not been
hit. Several times I leaned out and
looked up and back at the dark out
lines of my Zeppelin, but she had no
hole in her gray sides.
"In point of damage done and hit
ting the objects which my instruc
tions were to attack, it was my most
successful trip to London or its vi
cinity. Ascending or descending until
we found a favorable wind current,
we made a quick return."
"How long were you over London?"
I asked the lieutenant-commander,
or Captain-Lieutenant, as is the title
in German, upon whose left breast
was the iron cross of the first class.
"The main atttack was from 10:50 to
11, just 10 minutes."
"Then the Zeppelin tactics of at
tack are to make a dash to the points
to be bombarded and a quick . get
away?" "Yes the attack must be short and
quick."
The carefulness with which the
plan of attacks is studied before
hand developed during our talk.
Mathy mentioned figures and seemed
to know to a yard how far it was
from St Paul's to the Bank of Eng
land, thence to the tower' and the
different railway stations: how long
it would take his Zeppelin, given a
steady wind, with given revolutions
of the propellers, to take him over
those distances.
Kew Instruments in Cae.
He often referred to new instru
ments and apparatus in use in the
Zeppelins for navigation, locating and
control of dropping bombs, which
give mo the impression there has
been much research, experimenting
and considerable progress along those
lines in recent months.
There are a number of interesting
facts in connection with the Zeppe
lins, which for obvious reasons, I
cannot include in this story; among
others, the number of hours it now
takes to make the dash to London
and return. There is good reason for
assuming that the latest Zeppelins
have many improvements, that they
are mjch faster, can carry more and
go higher than formerly. Count Zep
pelin told me in February that these
were three things he was working on.
Asked from what height he at
tacked London on the last raid, the
Zeppelin commander replied:
"Sorry, but I don't want you to give
the English their range. They are
doing well enough as it is, and learn
ing fast."-
"Balfour said London is not a forti
fied city and its defenses against
aerial attack are poor," I ventured.
"We know there are several forts
and batteries around the city outside,
and had he stood by my side a few
nights ago and looked into those flash
ing guns all over he. wouldn't say
London s not a militarily defended
city, and perhaps would not think so
poorly of its aerial defense."
CAUSED HAVOC IN LONDON, AS
FACULTY DEFERS
ACTION ON GAMES
University of Oregon Teachers
to Study Abolition Prob
lem for Another-Week.
ISSUE ARGUED FOR HOURS
Students Take Decided Step -Against
Doing Away Wi'lt Intercollegiate
Contests Conference With
Other Colleges Probable.
UNIVERSITY OF OREGON. Eugene,
Sept. 29. (Special.) So weighty has
become the question of intercollegiate
athletics, plus their effect on the stu
dent and participant, that the Univer
sity of Oregon faculty, with approxi
mately 50 members in session, agreed
this afternoon to let the question rest
in the hands of an investigation 'com
mittee, which will present a detailed
report at the next formal meeting of
the faculty, a week from tomorrow.
Today's meeting lasted two hours
and was called for no other purpose
than to settle, if possible, the measure
introduced by Dr. Barnett last June,
advocating the abolition of intercolle
giate athletics. The more the question
was argued the more intricate it pre
sented itself, and the assemblage was
adjourned only after a motion to place
the problem in the jurisdiction of a
committee passed and carried.
More Study Is Needed.
President Campbell tonight said:
"Members of the faculty have become
so deeply interested in the question of
intercollegiate athletics that it was
found impossible to settle Dr. Barnett's
resolution in so short a time. The
question involves a great deal of
thought and consideration; consequent
ly, we thought best this afternoon to
secure material from all sources and
to be deliberate in its handling. Action
enacted must be for the best interests
of the university."
The committee appointed by Presi
dent Campbell is as follows: Professor
de Cou, Dr. Joseph Shafer, Dr. J. D.
Barnett. Dr. Rebec, Professor Howe, Dr.
W. D. Smith and Professor F. E. Ayer.
Students to Diseusa Problem.
These men will have as their duty
the collecting of such material as will
favor or promote the question of ath
letics. A representative body of stu
dents is to meet with them and discuss
the question from all angles, as will a
committee from the Alumni Associa
tion, if these organizations see fit.
Sentiment at today's gathering of the
Oregon faculty seemed to favor a modi
fication of athletics rather than a total
abolishment. Plans submitted were not
made public, although it was rumored
on good foundation that a conference
with other college representatives to
discuss the problem would be called. It
was thought by this means that a con
census of opinion can be obtained, and
with a common purpose in mind the
athletic puzzle of the Northwest would
be greatly modified.
"There is too much emphasis placed
upon intercollegiate athletics," -said
one professor who has made a study
of the situation as now found in col
leges and universities on the Pacific
Coast.
Finances Too Prominent. .
Ideas advanced were the question of
finances and the "attention" situation.
It was thought that interest finan
cially has spoiled a great deal of true
sport and it is a known fact that the
financial problem has caused the can
cellation of more than one big varsity
game. Not only has the money ques
tion promoted the severance of ath
letic relations, but it has caused games
to be taken to larger cities for no other
purpose than the collection of a larger
gate receipt.
It was also said as the various pro
fessors aired their viewpoints that too
much attention was given to 11 men
and not to the entire men populace of
the university. A remedy for this
evil would be an increase in various
branches of games which can be played
by every student rather than confine
the thing to football, baseball or some
other major sport.
More Intereiaas Play Wanted.
"Interest in athletics should not be
centered to the 'bleachers and rooting
section, but should be spread through
out the college by means of interclass,
inter-fraternity and inter-sectional
games." said one professor when inter
viewed. At the weekly meeting of the student
body this morning a general "get-to-gether-and-back-the-team
. spirit" pre
vailed. The Oregon yell leader took the
floor and caught the attention of the
house when he said: "We don't want to
be a ping-pong instituion nor a tiddle-
REPORTED BY THE COMMANDER
de-winks school we want our athlet
ics and big games."
He was applauded to the echo.
President Campbell spoke on scholar
ship, while Hugo Bezdek and Bill Hay
ward followed him with talks on athletics.
RATE INCREASE OPPOSED
Umatilla County Millers Protest
Against Proposed Switching Charge.
PENDLETON Or., Sept. 29. (Spe
cial.) Protests against contemplated
increases in the O.-W. K, & N. switch
ing charges between Pendleton, Athena,
Milton and The Dalles were heard by
E. J. Miller, of the Public Service Com
mission, here today. II. G. Blydenstein,
of the Pendleton Roller Mills, and M.
La. Watts, manager of the mill at
Athena, were before the investigators
to oppose the proposed increase from
2.50 to ti per car, declaring it to be
unfair, and that it would result in the
companies reverting to tho handling of
wheat by team.
Attorney Spencer, General Superin
tendent Buckley, General Freight
Agent Lounsberry and Superintendent
Bollins appeared for the O.-W. R. & N.,
while S. B. Calderhead appeared for tha
Northern Pacific.
TOBACCO PLANTS FLOURISH
Product Grown Near Aberdeen Pro
nounced of Good Quality.
ABERDEEN, Wash., Sept. 29. (Spe
cial.) Tobacco plants that stand ten
feet high and which bore leaves two
feet long 'and ten inches wide were
grown this Summer at Glen Grayland,
on the ocean shore west of here, by
F. C. Cotterill and E. C. Hasbrough,
ranchers.
A tobacco man said the plants, if
cured, would produce a good quality of
tobacco. The Glen Grayland tract is
partly devoted to cranberry culture.
The soil is exceedingly sandy, due to
the nearness to the ocean, and the cli
mate is generally moderate. Some of
the finest Winter cabbage to come into
Aberdeen has been from the Glen Gray
land district.
IDAHO STATE FAIR OPENS
Record-Breaking Crowd Makes Big
Success of First Day.
CALDWELL, Idaho, Sept. 29. (Spe
cial.) A record-breaking opening day
crowd attended the Idaho State Fair
today, the turnstiles registering 3000
paid admissions. Comprehensive dis
plays in the agricultural, horticultural
and women's buildings attracted large
crowds. The livestock department, with
more than 1000 animals entered, is the
leading attraction.
Judging in the various departments
began today. The racing events were
closely contested. Tempest winning the
free-for-all pace, the feature event of
the day's programme. A strong amuse
ment programme is scheduled for
Thursday, Boise day, and Friday. Idaho
and. Children's day.
GAS FRANCHISE ASKED
Twin Falls, Idaho, Hears Proposal
by James McMillan for Plant.
TWIN FALLS, Idaho, Sept. 29. (Spe
cial.) Application has just been made
by James McMillan, of this city, for a
franchise to construct and operate a
gas, heating, lighting and power sys
tem in Twin Falls. Through the terms
of the application active construction
work would begin by June 1. 1916, and
the system would be in operation with
in three years of that date.
Mr. McMillan was one of the men
who took an active part in establishing
the Twin Falls country through the
building of the highly successful irri
gation system 11 years ago. He is at
present secretary of the Twin Ful.s
Commercial Club.
SHRINERS WILL BE FETED
Salem JLodgcmen Prepare to Kntcr
tain Portland Members.
SALEM. Or., Sept. 29. (Special.)
Extensive preparations are being made
here by the Shriners' Club to entertain
the visiting Shriners from Portland
and other cities on Shriners' day at the
State Fair next Saturday.
Dr. W. Carlton Smith, president of the
Salem Shriners' Club, tonight an
nounced the programme of entertain
ment. Members of Al Kader Temple
will arrive here from Portland at 10:30
A. M. They will be met by the Salem
Cherrians, with their band, and after
a march through the business section
will be shown the state institutions.
Following a banquet in the Masonic
Temple at noon, the Shriners will visit
the Fairgrounds. At night they will
be guests at a dance in the Masonio
Temple.
First Trip In 20 Years Out of County.
ABERDEEN. Wash., Sept. 29 (Spe-
OF RECENT GERMAN RAID. j
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llSI hSpi.H if,
i g " r - ill A PURE WHITE II 8 k
S riSLjrti.'.' !l MINERAL 00. I I -?
ppL- tlniiryi IH
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cial.) F. A. Mathews, wealthy Aber
deen realty owner, made his first trip
out of tiraya Harbor County in 20 years
today, when ho left here for San Fran
cisco to attend the exposition. He will
pass the Winter in California.
Gresliam Cannery Buys t'p Potatoes.
GRESHAM. Or.. Sept. 29. (Special.)
The Oresham Fruitgrowers Cannery
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is buying potatoes and apples and Is
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Manager James Sterling says that there
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one pound or over by the hotels and
railroads. Large potatoes are used for
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