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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (Sept. 18, 1915)
tttb mokxixg- oregoxtan. Saturday, September is, iots. ! itmt PORTLAND. OREGON. Entered at Portland. Oregon, Postofilca as secona-ciaas mailer. Subscription Rates Invariably In advaaoe. (By Mail.) Dally. Sunday included, one year $8.00 paily, feuncny Included, six months 4.23 l)ily. .-mnduy Included, three niusubs... 2!5 Psily, Sunouy Included, one month...... .75 iJsily, will. out Sunday, on year 6.00 Yy wiinout Sunday, six months a. Paily. without Sunday, one month Bu Weekly, on year l.uo bunday, one year , . 2.00 Sunday and Weekly, one year U.SU (By Carrier.) Daily, Sunday lneiuded, ene year 9.00 Pally, Sunday Included, one month T5 liow to Kamitr -Send postofflca money or der, express order or personal check on your local bank, btamps, coin or currency are at ci.ucrs nan. liive poatutnce address m lull. tut-iuumg county ana slate. rontaje Kates 12 to 18 paces, 1 cent; 18 ju o jidges. i tents; B4 to a pages, 3 cents 60 to io pages. 4 cenis; 02 to 7o pages, I cents; 7s to H2 pages (S cents. Foreign pust- es double rates. uuiero jsusinehs Offices Verree & Conk- uuowicn Duiiaiiig, .New york; Verree ; Conklin, sieger buUdiiig, Cnicago; &au ji-aucisco representative, si. J. iiiuweil. i2 lainvi street. PORTLAND. SATURDAY, SEPT. 18, 1D13. WHY WE BHO('U) FINANCE WAR. The negotiations of the Anglo i French commission for a $1,000,- uuu.uuu loan to finance Britain's trade . balance due the United States gives Importance to the proposal made by i iheodore H. Price in World's Work J "a- me united States finance the f war. He contends that, as a result t or the change by which we have be- f come the world's creditor, "we must accept the creditor's responsibilities J nd lend our money upon equitable I terms to those by whose trade we prosper. "Just now our International com- '"5ii.il ta ueuueaiy one-siaed, says .ivir. jr-rice. "We are selling much and 'buying little." During the seven montns ending June 30, 1915, the balance In our favor was $889,684,719, etna in me year ending June 30 it was nearly $1, 100, 000, 000. Mr. Price makes the following estimate of our foreign trade for the six months end- jj ing December 31, 1915: i Exnorts . t yhfat 243.000,000 h y,tton , 204,000,000 Com. anu vimer cereals... 150, 000,000 w ar material 700,000.0 00 Utner exports. vioue six months i eutti ta pre 1,290.825,824 Total OEeconcooa Imports, if eaual to nrevlous six months sas ten sit Balance In favor of V. B (1,750,666,879 ? On this basis the balance for the . calendar year 1915 will be about j, ?2, 500, 000, 000. Such a huge'balance i." cannot be settled In gold and Mr. i Price says the supply of American ;? securities held In Europe is nearly J exhausted. A London letter to the New York Evening Post dated August i 17 estimated the total holdings In Britain at $750,000,000, and the , decline In exchange has caused heavy sales since that date. Any substantial reduction in the European stock of -: gold would cause "the entire European i credit fabric to topple." If our ex ; porters are not paid, the distributive j processes of both domestic and foreign trade in the United States will be ? checked, producing "a disastrous de cline in prices." From these premises Mr. Price reasons that "self-interest compels a ! popular acceptance of European se i;curities or promises to pay in tem- porary settlement of the -bill." As I shipments to Germany and Austria rare very small, the balance against ! those countries need not be taken Into consideration, As Britain Is I bearing the financial burden for the ' allies, "iwe shall probably be asked ; to accept her securities or promises j to pay" for the balance due by j Britain, France and Russia. If we j decline, he predicts "a collapse of the ; national credit of Great Britain, fol ! lowed by a world-wide deluge of I bankruptcy, for which there would i be no Ararat, even in the United j States," Some imposing figures are given to show what such a financial col , lapse would mean. The national debts of Britain, Russia and France ' are about $30,250,000,000. The j debts of British cities and de- pendencies are about $10,000,000,000. 1 The government banks of the three ! countries have deposits estimated at I $2,337,720,000 and private banks a : much larger sum. There is also "a i mass of commercial and corporate i obligations created in connection i with the business and service of three empires having an aggregate popula . tion of about 650,000,000." He con- tlnues: The world's trade depends upon the fluidity of this stupendous volume of credit, : and if It were congealed, as it would be by J Knxiand's defeat, commerce would be prnc tically at an end and all mankind would revert for a time to barter. It Is Idle to suppose the United States i ran put itself outside the range of such a I debacle, should it occur, and self-interest J therefore dictates that the people of this country should do everything In their power ; to avert it. To that end it is necessary that throuch the various trade and investment channels .America should absosb a sufficient amount . of English obligations to offset the net bal : ence due on merchandise account. I This net balance after all deduc i tions is estimated at $400,000,000 to ! $500,000,000. He maintains that we ! could better afford to lose this sum ! than to stand "an Interruption to our : trade that would cause a panic and a j depreciation In values that wouVd ' cost us many times the amount.1, I But he believes it to be inconceivable I that the British Empire "can be so j crippled by any nation or nations ' that it would be bereft of credit and "have no market for its obligations." He backs up this opinion by dis cussing the question whether there Is any serious risk of loss in buying British 44 per cent bonds. Even if ( those are right who believe that j "the English are already decadent and that the decline of the British Empire has commenced," he says j'the disintegration of such a ponder , ous structure would require cen turies, ana ne continues: ! The England of today . has required a ' thousand years in the making and cannot destroyed In a night. Even if she has reached her climacteric, England's decline will be punctuated by long periods of prosperity when the hope tit recovered greatness will find expression In commercial and financial expansion. ! He argues that there is no security In the whole list of American invest ments less hazardous than an obli Igation of the British government, though our favorite investments are state and municipal bonds and rail road mortgages, seventeen of our states and many cities have repudi ated debts or defaulted and two thirds of our railroad mileage has been in receivership, while "the ob ligations of the English government since the days of Charles II have al 'ways been promptly and honorably met." He then says: But whatever the risks of the venture we are practically forced to accept them. rfor wo must export to prevent depression. jv casoot cigort unless wo to emdj omwjth, t&a &ut s calculating j&a ea- customers cannot pay us unless we lend them tha money. Consequently we must xena mem ins money. Dr. E. E. Pratt, chief of .the Bureau of Foreign and Domestic Commerce, is held to have shown "the very quintessence of National selfishness" in opposing the lending of money to Europe because "we shall simply be building up our most active competitor." Dr. Pratt fav ored lending to countries "which are not our competitors, but which are our customers," forgetting that at all times, "particularly at; the present time," Europe is our best customer and that Britain is the best of our European customers. THE REAL TEST. The Salem Capital Journal, defend ing the removal of Commandant El der, at the State Soldiers' Home, re marks judicially that "the policy of distributing the spoils among the' vic tors is not altogether bad because it also compels them to assume full re sponsibility for the conduct of public affairs." The tempest in a teapot over the Elder dismissal is stirred up. of course, by the Democratic papers which do not want to see the occu pants of any well-feathered Demo cratic nest dispossessed. The outcry is for the most part utterly hypocriti cal and dishonest. It comes from the little political group and its journal istic and job-hunting cuckoos who want to hobble a state administration not of its own making and not in sym pathy with its little games. It is not possible to defend mere upoilsmongering by any political party. But it is to be considered that the Roseburg commandant had held his place for twelve years, and he appears to have been peculiarly in favor with previous Democratic state administra tions. When did life tenure in office become the rule in Oregon? Long leases on state jobs are warmly ap proved just now by the political ma chine which was overturned at the state election, but iwhich is neverthe less trying to remain in business. It is natural enough that Governor Wlthycombe should desire to have the principal officials in his administra tion in harmony with him and not in harmony with his political enemies. But it is true also that the state's in terest is first, and that no removal can be justified unless the new appointee shall be qualified to give as good serv ice as the old or better. That is the real test. HARMONY WANTED. The Oregonian accepts with due gratitude the -encomiums bestowed upon it by its friend and critic at Astoria (see letter elsewhere) for the patriotic sentiments of a recent article on the dismissal of Ambassador Dumba. But it is not on that account prepared to bow to the chastisement administered for certain mild and more or less Jocular references to Col onel Roosevelt and his refusal to re turn to the Republican party. The Oregonian said that the Colonel did not return because he did not want to return and interpreted his refusal to be based on the fact that he was not invited to come and sit at the head of the table. It may be hoped that Dr. Acton has not so strangely misread the real meaning of the Dumba episode as he has the signs of the times in his own country. It is nothing short of fool ishness to say that the Republican party would "go down on its knees" to get ColoneJ Roosevelt for its candi date, if that would serve to achieve that end. It appears to be quite clear that the party is at sea as to the man it wants for President; but there is no doubt about the man it does not want. But the party as a whole leaders and followers want harmony and are willing to make any fair and honor able concession to get it. No serious suggestion has come from either side. however, that the price is a Presiden tial nomination for Colonel Roosevelt. EVEN KITCHENER SUBJECT TO BIAS. Lord Kitchener's statement that "the Germans appear almost to have shot their bolt," as indicated by the slow ing up of their advance in Russia, must be Judged in the light of former simi lar statements from the allied side. Last March the allies said that the German maximum" had been reached, that the German forces were more weakened by the waste of war than theirs and that the German morale was breaking down. Near the end of April the Germans and Aus- trians on the eastern front won the first of the most dramatic and effec tive series of victories which has marked the war. The advance ren dered possible by those victories has slowed up, but has not stopped, and now threatens one of Russia's greatest ports. Even with a liberal discount on German reports of Russian losses, the Teutons have certainly diminished the effective fighting power of the Muscovites far more than their own has been reduced. While the Ger mans have been doing this, the allies have made slight Impression on their western line. Some territory has been gained by the French in Alsace and bits have been nibbled off the German salients at St. Mihiel, in the Argonne forest, north of Arras and at Neuve Chapelle, but the allies' salient east of Ypres has been reduced in size. There is not much sign of weakening there. We have been informed that Ger many had become sparing with shells, that the quality of the ammunition had deteriorated and that the German. supply of copper was almost exhaust ed. Within few months after the allies thus comforted themselves the Germans launched their irresistible phalanx of 2 000 guns at the Russians in Galicia and fired 74)0,000 shells in three hours at the Russian lines on the San. All reports agree that the chief factor in the subsequent Teuton successes was superiority in artillery and lavish expenditure of shells. The' German food supply was said to be so limited that starvation might come upon the people before another harvest was reaped. The "withdrawal of able-bodied men from industry was said to have rendered impossible the sowing and harvesting of a full crop this year. . The allies themselves ad- Lmitted long ago that Germany had ample food to carry her through till harvest. The food supplies of Bel gium, Northeastern France, Poland and Courland have since been added to Germany's store, and now we learn that In the empire itself the crop ex ceeds that of last year and that the restrictions on use of iwheat flour have been relaxed. Evidently so coel, dispassionate and conservative a man as Lord Kitchener could not restrain himself from "jolly ing the people along" with optimistic utterances which in our own political contests would have been termed "campaign lies. Even he, charged emy's power and of providing power sufficient to overcome it, falls victirn to unconscious bias, or, seeing the truth clearly, feels the necessity of coloring it with a rosy hue in order to nerve a straining nation to greater effort. The power and chances of the combatants may be measured more accurately by one possessing far less knowledge than Lord Kitchener, but uninfluenced by extreme desire for the success of either party and enabled by remoteness to obtain a truer perspec tive of the contending forces. THE PEOPLE AM) THE BAILBOADS, That there is a community of In terest between the people and the railroads was proved to every un prejudiced mind by President Sproule, of the Southern Pacific Com pany, in his address to the bankers' convention at Seattle. The contrary belief has grown up from the im pression that in striking at a rail road the people were striking at some "magnate," or at some group of rich men which owned the road. 'Mr. Sproule showed the truth to be that every blow struck at the rail roads is a blow struck at 600,000 stockholders, who' have invested their savings in securities; at 1,750, 000 employes whose living depends on the railroads; at 11,000,000 sav ings bank depositors, and at the mil lions of insurance policy-holders, a large part of whose funds. are in vested in railroads. When these facts are considered, it will be seen that striking at the railroads the people strike at themselyes. Aside from these facts, the pros perity of the people is bound up with that of the railroads, especial ly in Oregon, where the greatest need is new railroads to develop our rich but sparsely peopled wastes. The surest means of supplying this need is to insure prosperity to exist ing roads. A man who has invested $1000 in a certain place, with good results, is inclined to follow it with another $1000, but if the results have been bad he will be apt to shun such investments for the rest of his life. Prosperous railroads give good serv ice and spread prosperity by buying material and employing labor, with which they dispense in times of strin gency. Since railroads have come under public regulation, state and interstate, all excuse that ever existed for pop ular hostilities to them has been re moved. This hostility should not have been felt against the roads themselves, but against those indi viduals who managed them in a man ner inimical not only to the public but to their own interest. With pub lic control we now have assurance that rates will not be excessive, but they should be sufficient to pay a reasonable return on the investment. By so doing, they will attract capital to further investments of the same kind. THE CZAR REBUFFS HIS PEOPLE. By proroguing the Duma oa the advice of his Cabinet, the Czar has dampened the ardent patriotism with which the most progressive elements among the masses of his people were rallying to him. Their purpose was the same a his to unite the nation for defense against the Invader. He invited their aid in supplying the munitions, lack of which brought dis aster upon his armies, and he promised to iwork with a committee of the Duma appointed for the purpose. The army is said to be as indignant as the mass of the people at the incompe tence, corruption and disloyalty of the bureaucracy which are mainly re sponsible for defeat. This sentiment found expression in a union of all the Liberal and Pro gressive groups which compose nearly three-fourths of the Duma. .These groups adopted a programme of moderate reform, which includes autonomy for Poland, conciliation for Finland, amnesty for politi cal and religious offenses, ces sation of religious persecution. removal of restriction on Jews and legalization of labor unions. This programme, if carried out, would re move the principal sources of disunion and disloyalty and would go far to solidify the Russian people in prose cuting the war. But the Duma no sooner shows a desire to unite the people behind the Czar by redressing the worst of the wrongs which divide it and by placing the government in the hands of men who really represent the people than its members are sent home. The Cabi net which is responsible for the pres ent monumental failure is retained, and with it, apparently, the bureau cracy, among which a strong German element is reported to be working secretly but deliberately for Russia's undoing. Relegation to an obscure command of Grand Duke Nicholas, who executed a masterpiece of strat egy in withdrawing hls army from the grip of an enemy planning its destruction, and who had Incurred the enmity of many officers by his strict discipline, implies that the old court ring has triumphed, together with the bureaucrats. At the same time as Russia combats enemies from with out, she has to combat enemies within, no less deadly because on them the nation must rely for the means of its defense. In refusing to trust those of his people who have shown themselves truly Russian in spirit as in blood, the Czar displays the same stupid obsti nacy which brought about the down fall of the Bourbons In France. MAPS FOB STORIES. The practice of attaching maps to story books in order to give the reader a clear picture of the scene did not begin with Stevenson's "Treasure Island." The author of that fascinat ing book made excellent use of the device, but Poe used it long before his day, and no doubt others had thought of it. Maps are becoming quite fashionable now in romances, particularly in detective stories. Whether they help or hinder the reader is a question. Swift's "Island of Lilliput" needed no map to make its location and physical features per fectly visible to the mind's eye. Nor do we need any guide except his descriptions as we accompany him to Laputa and the wonderlands of the Brobdingnagians and the Houynhynms. We rather Incline to believe that an author who needs a map to make his meaning plain to his readers has mis taken his calling. He might make an excellent carpenter or teacher, but hie lack of imaginative powers unfits him for creative literature. Stevenson's map In the "Treasure Island" adds nothing to the clearness of the narra tive, and the author was not silly enough to think it would. Stevenson attached the map to his story for the sake of verisimilitude. He was posing as a highly veracious narrator who was extremely anxious uo to depart, for an instant from. sober fact. The map helped keep up this little illusion somewhat, and for that reason Stevenson attached it to his book. He knew well enough that his story needed no such awkward helps to be intelligible. But we can hardly say so much for our writers of detective stories. They really need maps to supplement , their meager descriptive power. It is said that Ibsen used little tin Images to keep the action of his dramas clear in his mind, but no such anecdotes are told of Shakespeare Perhaps Ibsen's need of the visible figures indicates the same lack of imagination that we suspect in lour storv tellers. If thev aaw thinmi with perfect definlteness In their minds they would have no trouble to make readers see them. Dickens needed no map or diagram to make us all know the big hotel at Ipswich with its staircase and winding passages as familiarly as we do our own front halls. There Is some reason to fear that the springs of Imagination are run nlng dry in the modern world. Our theatergoers clamor for tanks full of water on the stage into which the heroine must actually plunge. Races are performed before our dull eyes on a moving platform. The train with a real. engine must run out upon the stage. We want everything put before us in crude reality. We can imagine nothing. The popular passion for the movies looks in the same direction The films leave nothing whatever to the imagination. The spectator need only sit in utter vacuity and watch the screen. Shakespeare's audiences could pic ture almost anything for themselves. All they needed was a slight hint, and their minds did the rest. The current plays published by Galsworthy and Shaw go Into the minutest descrip tions, specifying the precise position of every chair, sofa and flreiron. To an audience that really cared for the drama all this would be superfluous It might even appear impertinent. David Lloyd George has Just made a discovery which has been perfectly familiar to science for many years. He finds that the output in munition fac. tories does not double when the hours of work are doubled, unless he changes crews. When fatigue begins the worker Slacks up in spite of himself or does a poor job. An excessively long work day is not profitable to the employer and it destroys the workman. A man who is ejected from a place of public amusement because of his color generally knows before hand the treatment he will get. It 13 wrong, to be sure Dut it is a ract, and the wise one will not try to force himself where he is not wanted, be he white, black, red. yellow or brown. Half a loaf is better than no bread. If the allies cannot get the round billion without too much trouble they will thankfully take half a billion. Probably that was all they expected to get in the first place, and all they want just now. A half billion dollars will buy a good many shells and machine guns. It would not be Christmas without the customary toys made in Germany. Even the grownups -who reveled in them before their world grew serious would miss them, and are glad the cargoes are coming through. Interest in the coming world series does not grow as it did in the days when Connie Mack and John McGraw were the contenders. Even last year's "miracle" man is barely close enough to be mentioned. It is up to the next explorer to dls. cover elevators, steam heat and other modern conveniences in cliff dwellings, and to prove that modern science has only rediscovered what the prehistoric Americana knew. That unlucky number, 13, has bobbed up in connection with the resolutions in the Land Grant Confer ence. Hurry up, somebody, and intro duce another to lift the hoodoo. Grapegrowers in the Fresno country who are feeding their surplus to hogs will produce a prime quality of pork, just as does the Oregon applegrowers in time of overabundance. Having recalled all the F submarines from active service. Secretary Daniels should see that they are removed from the active list of the Navy. Paper ships win no battles. The Russian Cabinet's objection to the Duma probably was that it insisted on talking about things which the government wished to keep secret. It costs $1.30 more for a ticket to Chicago than to St. Louis, which, how ever, is not the proportion in value of things to be seen on a visit. The British study of fatigue will not be complete unless it Includes study of the Industrial Dodgers of Work in the United States. The threatened strike of the plat form men at Oakland may be means to an end to help the company more than the men. Five hundred shots were fired in a skirmish opposite Brownsville and one Mexican was killed a great waste of lead. Sending Bryan on a mission of peace to Europe will be useless butting in. Somebody wants to make him a goat. Managers of athletics overlook valu able material to make into sprinters In the boys who run the milk wagons. Military training will not hurt high school boys. , It will teach them prop erly to walk, for one thing. Steam may be lacking from the San Francisco fair but there is unlimited electrical energy. City people must become accustomed to noises in the night. This is not a village. Suppose, Just for a Joke, the street car company got in on the Dollar day. Why not give clerks in. cigar stores Sunday off as well as the bartenders? Evidently the Arctic can't kill Stef ansson. He is doomed to die in bed. The young men of America go to college as those of Europe go to war. Will merchants ask a premium on California grape-fed pork? w0 have Haiti, ia fcocJt. WHERE THE 940.000 "SAVING" GOES Robert G. Dnncan Ansirers G. C. New berry on Public Market Question. PORTLAND, Sept. 17. (To the Edi tor.) G. C. Newberry, writing in The Oregonian, makes a. very common mis take when he says a $40,000 loss to retail grocers means a like saving to consumers. Nothing is further from the truth. The loss of the grocers is the gain of 278 subsidized market ten ants. The profits have merely been transferred from grocers and clerks to the pockets of a heterogeneous mass of foreliin-born vendors, who are given a special privilege. Not one dol lar has been saved fo working men, and even if there has been such saving it represents that much loss to land owners, property holders, grocers and clerks, who In turn use that much less of the laboring man's product, and ao he pays the whole bill. In order that Mr. Newberry may "connect where landowners and insur ance men come in," I will state that I own 40 per cent of the stock of a corporation that rents six buildings to retail grocers. The money that paid for the land was brought here from California and Texas. The buildings were erected with money borrowed in New York. We invested In the expec tation of making interest on our money. We helped to build the city, hard-surface the streets, put In sewers, telephones, gas and electricity, used Oregon materials, employed Portland labor, bought insurance policies and are paying taxes. During 1911 and 1912 we made 6 per cent Off our investment, not allowing for depreciation. In 1913 and 1914 we made 6H per cent. This year we have been compelled to reduce rent twice or bankrupt our tenants and will come to the end of 1915 with less than 4 per cent. And as we are paying 6 per cent on one-half of the money in vested, we will have less than 2 per cent on the money we brought to Port land and distributed to resident la borers. There. Mr. Newberry, is the connec tion. Is it plain enough? The insur ance? It plans do not go wrong I will have several thousand dollars in hand this Winter, but not one red cent of it will be invested in Portland. , No Portland laborer will handle a dollar of it. Rather than invest in a city whose government deprives taxpayers of their property without due process of law. I will buy the bonds of two war ring nations, for I believe that even the vanquished would ' see that I am repaid the principal, if not the interest. And speaking of prices being lower in the public market. There Is not even a fool but knows that produce is rotting in the fields this yeaV. The canneries cannot handle the surplus. Canned tomatoes and corn are 20 per cent cheaper than in 1913. Peaches and grapes are beinsr fed to hops. Has the public market brought about these reductions? I hope so, as it may serve to convince the farmer that he may expect living prices when he gives others a chance at-ihe same. And, Mr. Laboring Man, you may do well to re member that public market sheds re quire neither paint nor mortgages, and that you may get a living wage when you quit chasing to price cutters with your union dollars. Furthermore, we can but hope and pray that a veritable muMitude of these bargain hunters will find ways of eliminating; the grocer when sickness overtakes the family and the workers are out of work. At this time the wholesale and retail grocers are carrying an army of ex travagant unemployed. In the asso ciation offices we have $150,000 of de linquent bills, most of them against working men, all very nearly worth less. In appreciation of this service to the unfortunates we are made to ap pear as being a combination of ex torters. For this we must submit to the Insults of our debtorB an1 the Hom ination of non-resident Japanese, Chi nese and mongrels. Convert the foreign labor element Into subsidized merchants If you will; take your money where you can get a bargain;- scoff at our Investments, but please remember that if we are driven to the extreme we can import the pro duce of California Jap farmers, sell it cheapen, than you can raise it on your higrh-priced land; that our clerks, when out of work, will compete with you; that there is no bottom to the cut throat well, no end to the low-price war, no way to get without giving. ROBERT C. DUNCAN, Manager Portland Grocers' and Mer chants' Association. GROWER OP LOGANBERRIES WARNS Invratlgrnte Irkct and Get Contracts First, Sara Woodburn Man. WOODBURN. Or.. Sept. 16. (To the Editor.) I have read the articles on loganberries, one written by Thomas McCusker and "one also by G. Wynn Wilson. It seems to me that these gen tlemen have not investigated the logan berry business from a growers' stand point very much, nor have they inves tigated the market conditions. Of course, their ideas sound very well on paper. I would like to give you a few facts In regard to loganberries. I have 20 acres, and I could not find a buyer in the State of Oregon for my fruit. I sold SO tons to the Puyallup canners and had 60 or 70 tons go to waste. There were about 500 tons that were never picked In the northern part of Marion County. I know parties that offered their berries to the canners for 1 cent a pound and could not sell them at that price. What we want in the State of Oregon Is a better market, and a market for what we have grot now, before we go to booming any logged-off land scheme. As the loganberry stands to day, there Is no market for plants, and there are a .great many patches-that are taken up. Outside of a few with long-time contracts, very few made more than $a0 per acre net. They are an expensive berry to handle. I would advise anyone who Is thinking of set ting out loganberries to do a little In vestigating and not to set out any without a long-time contract for at least $50 per ton. They will go from one-half to six tons per acre, but the average is not more than three tons. W. L. BENTLEY. Open Mufflers Prohibited. PORTLAND. Sept. 16. (To the Ed Itor.) Please inform me through the columns of The Oregonian whether or not there Is an ordinance prohibiting the operation of motorcycles through the streets of Portland with muffler open, and. If so, the penalty for viola tion. Who is responsible for the en forcement of such an ordinance? This everlasting nuisance is driving me crazy. Win you suggest a way. if it be possible, to put an end to this prao tice without discommoding anybody? A SUBSCRIBER. The city's traffic ordinance provides that "no motor vehicle shall be oper ated with offensive exhaust or Vwith muffler open." The term "motor vehicle" is defined in the ordinance as a vehicle propelled by any power other than muscular. The police bu reau is responsible for the enforce ment of all ordinances. If you cannot get results there, complain to Mayor Albee. . ' Plea Made for Park Zoo Animals. PORTLAND. Sept. - 17. (To the Edi tor.) It is a pitiful sight and appeals to any human being's sense of com passion to behold the poor sea lion. the most Intelligent of all animals even above the elephant floundering in the muddy water with those semt reptiles, the mud turtles, at the Washington-street entrance to the City Park. The Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals should certainly take pity upon this seal and give it more comfortable, if not more humane and suitable quarters. . RHfilNBERGER, LETTER PRAISESi CENSURES TOO J. If. Acton Ssys Dumbs Editorial "0-K" Remarks on Roosevelt Xot. ASTORIA. Or., Sept. 16. (To the Edi tor.) I congratulate you. Your edi torial "Send the Plotters Home" should be read in every American home, and nailed to every public school door-post in America; but you should have added another paragraph; It is this: If the tradesmen anc manufacturers of this country are so Indifferent to the question of personal loyalty to their country as to pay no attention to the class of disloyal help they employ, then it is about time the Government should show its hand here also, and close- these concerns up. It is not a cause of wonder that such attempts as those of Dr. Dumba'a should be made, for the desperate straits of these bellig erents warrant them going to any dis honorable lengths to carry their point. For months there has been no mystery about this phase of the subject. But is there not something lacking among American manufacturers, that they allow their firms to be run by foreign sympathisers who are subject to the bid and call of any offended nabob of Europe? Are there no loyal Ameri cans to fill these places? Our real danger is not from abroad, but because of .,the conditions at home. What can loyal executive officers of our Govern ment at Washington do, with indif ferent subjects under them; leading business men who, for the sake of the extra nickel, will employ disloyal for eign help, while the country is over run with Idle Americans seeking em ployment in vain? And why is it that The Oregonian cai blow cold and warm with the same breath. Within one-half Inch of this noble editorial, right in the next column, is a slur on Colonel Roosevelt an occasion never let pass by the paper '"cn is aDsoiuteiy misleading in in ference and untrue in statement. If this has any meaning whatever, it is that the ex-President is out of the Republican party, because the party won't have him in It, while every well informed man in the country, not blinded by prejudice. knows the leaders of that party are utterly at sea for a desirable candidate for the approaching Presidential election, and if they saw the shade of a shadow of a chance to secure the Colonel, would get down on their knees to do it. And Inasmuch as they see no such chance, above all things they desire to elimi nate him from the field; for well they knovf he must be disposed of in some way or the hope of the Republican party has already gone "where the woodbine twineth." What utter non sense it is. therefore, to pretend that he is trying to get Into the discredited party, when as a matter of fact the leaders have done their best to get him back, and see with perfect clearness if they don't tret him that party's cake ia dough. When Roosevelt again be comes an active Republican, it will be when that party comes to his crib, and not by his going to theirs. This arti cle contains one truth. "He can go back whenevr ha wants to" yes and at the "head of the table." with more than one ."calf." t j. h. ACTON. KrKrstratInK Japanese Race. ,J?.AY CITY' ' r" Sept- " To the Editor.) Kindly tell where I can find the article about Miss Mishi Kawai educator of Japan, who has a theory of regenerating her race by marriage of American men and Japanese women AN AMERICAN. In The Oregonian September 12 1915. Women Held Efficient. HOOD RIVER Or. Sent. Ifi (Tn h Editor.) I have read your recent edi torial on lait and woman s rights. So far as I see vnn arrt rie-ht i n h n the constitutional amendment eivincr the negro the rieht to vote was a little "too previous," but I think women are as good mentally and morally as men. J. Al. BLOSSOM. The Psychology of a Shoplifter Discussed in The Sunday Oregonian Whenever a shoplifter is caught in the act the time-honored cfe fense is a plea of kleptomania. But now .comes a writer of authority who ridicules the klepto mania theory and advances the argument that shoplifting is noth ing more or less than plain, downright stealing. He will present his theories in tomorrow's big Sunday Oregonian. The story will be presented from both its humorous and its serious phases. Many cases of typical shoplifters will be discussed. AN INTIMATE VIEW OF J. P. MORGAN With the eyes of the whole country turned upon the big financiers of New York in their negotiations with the agents of the British and French govern ments who want to borrow $1,000,000,000 from America, attention once more is directed to the reigning head of the banking house'of Morgan. A correspondent of The Sunday Oregonian recently vis ited Mr. Morgan in his office and wrote a humorous story of his impressions which will appear in the paper tomorrow. GENERAL DODGE WRITES IMPRESSIONS Civil War stories from actual participants must obviously grow rarer with the passing years, and stories from post commanders of those eventful years must necessarily grow rarer still. There is living today but one man who had charge of a military post in the Civil War period. He is General Grenville Dodge. He is 84 years of age, but hale and hearty. He has written his impressions in picturesque style and they will appear in tomorrow's big Sunday issue. AMERICAN BOYS IN EUROPEAN ARMIES Since the outbreak of the war in Europe scores of intrepid American boys have en listed in the armies of the warring nations. In tomorrow's paper will appear a story of a group of college men who went from America to serve in the ambulance corps attending the French and English armies. The tale is very realistic. HOW TO BE GRACEFUL This is a subject upon which Lillian Russell writes with some degree of authority in tomorrow's issue. Miss Russell, whose contributions are appearing regularly in The Sunday Oregonian, tells women readers how to appear graceful at table, at social functions and in everyday life. She also answers a number of questions submitted to her by women readers. OLIVE FREMSTAD BUILDING HERSELF A HOME Portland people will be interested to know that Olive Fremstad, the prima donna, who has appeared here at various times, is helping to build herself a home with her. own hands in the Maine woods. The Sunday paper will present a picture of Madame Fremstad at work with pick and shovel. DOGS ARE WAR HEROES Every element of warfare has been pressed into service in Europe within the last year. Even the dogs have been forced to do their share. This story, which will appear tomorrow, deals with the "canine heroes of war-torn Europe." SUNDAY MOVIE PAGE The Oregonian continues to present its regular Sunday moving-picture page, which has proved of so much interest to devotees of the silent drama. Tomorrow's issue will carry a picture of a popular. film star, together with the latest information and gossip regarding plays and players. DR. HUTCHINSON AGAIN Oregonian readers have been enjoying the series of popular discussions by Dr. Woods Hutchinson, formerly of this city, and accepted now as one of the leading medical authori ties in the country. In tomorrow's paper he will tell "Why We Get Tired Sitting Still." STORIES FOR LITTLE ONES A half page will be given, as usual, to stories, pictures, jokes, puzzles and other forms of entertainment for the children who read the Sunday paper. They will also appre ciate Donahey's full page of stories, illustrated in colors. OTHER FEATURES AS WELL Among the regular departments that will appear with their usual attractiveness will be the sporting section, replete with the latest news; the society pages, telling of the recent movements of persons prominent in social life; the au tomobile section, devoted to expert discussion of the movements of men who motor; the dramatic, real estate, women's clubs and vari- ous other popular pages. Twenty-Five Years Ago From Tha Oregonian of September IS, 1880. New York, Sept. IT. Henry E. Abbey says that Bernhardt will begin an American engagement in February, and on May 2. 1S91, will sail from San Francisco for Australia. He thinks it Is not Impossible that Mary Anderson HJay return to the stage. Patti will begin a series of concerts In Novem ber. Lane County West Hon. Binger Hermann has introduced and carried to a successful termination bills that ag gregate $140,000 for the Sluslaw. and the immortal (24) who voted against him will share the benefits. London. Sept. 17. The Chronicle's Vienna dispatch says the prospect aris ing from the passage of the McKinley tariff bill, combined with the fall in gold, has lowered the price of mother of pearl 13 per cent. Mother of pearl manu facturers have closed their establish ments in order to avoid running at a loss and 30,000 persons are thrown out of employment. Articles Incorporating the Pioneer Wood Company were yesterday filed with the County Clerk by Charles H. Piffgott. Dan J. Moore, A. M. Brown nnH Clio rlno IT C n .. . . i . . . " ' J- wmn, wuu a. capital stock of $20,000. Columbia. S. C. Sept. 17. The Re publican state convention effected a temporary organization tonight after a long struggle with ex-Congressma nutans in ine cnair. There are nrns pects of a big fight on permanent or ganization tomorrow. New York. Sept. 17. The World has a long Interview with Jay Gould. He does not thrnk there has been anv fifianclal stringency. The trouble is that borrowers have tried to effect loans on non-dividend paying securi ties, and whatever stringency existed was really confined to speculative pur poses. Half a Century Ago From The Oregonian of September IS. 1S65. That lively little Frenchman Pierre G. T. Beauregard, has perpetrated sev eral unfortunate sayings. His boast that he "would blow Plymouth Rock out of existence" as soon as his army captured Boston, has not yet been made good. Likewise when "Beaurv" said that he would water his horse one nignt in Tennessee or in hell." h was, owing to an unfortunate compl cation oi circumstances, unable water In either place. Another emart saying of that doughty warrior must terrify even himself when he con templates it nowadays. It was as fol lows: "Let the execution be with the garrote." New York. The latest advices from Haltlsay that though the revolution has held out longer than was expected the rebels must submit. The rebellion is being prolonged at Cape Hatlen be cause President Jeffrard by investing Alone hoped to weary out the rebel garrison without Inflicting on the cit izens the horrors of bombardment. The President y now. however, has decided to take more decisive measures. Abraham Lincoln and Jefferson Da vis, it develops, were born In the same Congressional district of Kentucky and within the same year. There will be a trotting match over the Multnomah course this afternoon between Challenge, entered by B. B. Acker, and Boston, entered by G. B. Bryant. Miss Sarah M. Dutcher has opened a select school for young ladies in the basement of the Baptist Church. o i ;0 b b