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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (Sept. 8, 1915)
9 THE arORXISCf OREGOXIAX. YED'ESDAY, SEPTEMBER 8. 1915. rOBILA.NU, OKiOON. Entered at Portland. Orcguo. fostofflco aa second-class mailer. Subscription Rales Invariably In advance. (JBy Mail.; Dally, Sunday Included, one year $8.00 Xiaily, Sunday included, six months.... 4.25 Xaily. Sunday Included, three months.. lally, Sunday included, one mouth 5 Xiaily, vi itiiort Sunday, one year 6.O0 3-aiiy, without bunuay. s: months lJaily. without Sunuay. three months... 1.T0 JJaily, without Sunday, one mo'mh .t) Weekly one year l.oo Sunday, one ear 2.0U teunday and Weekly, one year 3.50 (By Carrler.J Xaily. Sunday Included, one year fl.OO liaily, Sunday included, one month Jo How to Remit end postoffice money or der, express order or personal checit on your local bank stamps, coin or cuntncy are a l sender's risk. Ciive postoffice address ill full, including county and slate. Postage Kates 12 to Id pages, t cent; IS to 3 paaes. -z cents; rj4 to 4S pages. 3 cents; fiO to Co psges, 4 cents; Z' to 7u pagei, 5 cents; ,8 to 02 pages, j cents. Foreign postage double rates. Kastern Business Offices Veree AY Conk Jin. Brunswick building. New York; Vsree A. Conklin, ijteger building. Chicago; Ban Francisco representative. K. J. Bldwell. H'i :Murk-t street. fOBTUMI, WEUNKHDAT. SEPT. 8. 1013. FBOJ1 ADVISER TO CRITIC. William Bayard Hale has changed his attitude toward President Wilson since he was the President's confi dential agent in negotiating with Carranza and Villa in Mexico. He now figures as a more or less friendly critic of the President, whom he pic tures as shutting himself off from all advice to decide on a policy which might cause war and on which any other ruler would have sought advice. The Cabinet he scornfully dismisses as a Cabinet of nobodies. All these strictures lead up to the veiled insinuation that the President's pro-British tastes and British ances try and his two British-born Cabinet advisers influenced his policy when the Lusitania was sunk. His demand that Germany cease submarine .at tacks without warning; on merchant ships is discussed as though it were not justified by the facts or by public opinion. The facts are that it was fully Justified and that genuine Amer icans almost to a man stood behind him. If isolation were always to bring the President to a decision as thoroughly in accord with the public will, the people would not care how often he shut himself up to think out a National problem. Germany's yielding to the Presi dent's demands is hailed by Mr. Hale as magnanimous and as full and free, though the truth is that it came after excuse and evasion had been exhaust ed, after plain warning of the conse quence of a second offense atid after that second offense had been com mitted. It came, too, after the futil ity of submarine war had been proved hy the small impression made on- British commerce and by the heavy loss in ships and men which Ger many suffered. . Nor is it yet certain that Germany has fully satisfied American demands. The pledge of immunity from attack without warning upon unresisting ships applies only to liners. The Pres ident's demands will not have been complied with until like security is given to all ships, freight as well as passenger, carrying Americans. It yet remains to be proved that the sinking of the Hesperian was not in contravention of Germany's pledge. The President took the stand he did toward Germany, not because he Is pro-British, but because he is pro American. Mr. Hale would probably have hud a higher opinion of the President's policy had he had a part in molding it and he would probably have thought better cf the Cabinet had he been among its members. There need be no alarm lest the President will not uphold American rights against British encroachment. He has already given proof of that purpose. HOME LITTLE AMERICAN DEMOCRATS. Opposition from within the Demo cratic ranks to the President's pro gramme of National defense is al ready assured. Senator Kern, Dem ocratic floor leader in the Senate, op poses precautions for the National safety because down his way the people do not believe that "after the wur any foreign nation will feel like : overrunning this country of ours." Representative Kitchin, of North Carolina, who will succeed Repre sentative Underwood as Democratic floor leader, is opposed to spending any such sum as J iiOO.OOO.OOO in making good our military and naval deficiencies. We may, therefore, .look for a divided Democracy, and that section of the party which stands by the President will need to look to the Republicans for aid in carrying out his policy. It is inconceivable that the great hody of the Democracy will take the miserably narrow view of the ques tion, of which Mr. Kern is the ex ponent. This is no party question, for both parties are to blame for our defenseless position. The situation calls forth the patriotism of all par ties who read the sisns of the .times. Only those who refuse to read aright see war as the necessary result of preparedness. The nations at war fought because some of them wished to fight and the others had to fight or go under. Those neighboring na tions which are not at war escaped becuuse they were prepared to re Mst aggression. Had Belgium been as well prepared as Switzerland she might have escaped the calamities which have fallen her. Had China been prepared. Yuan Shi Kai would have had no occasion to say; "We are churned and humiliated, but our own weakness invited insult." Surely the great body of patriotic Democrats will favor the sane policy of "reasonable preparation" set forth hy Secretary of War Garrison in the Independent. He says: So Ions as force is used in the world, those av-tinst whom it tuny bo used must reckon Hon ih possiWlit, and if they are wise Inen and intelligent men ami courageous men, they will prepare themselves therefor. There must be a cK-.ir decision between no Separation and proper preparation. To those who say that we ought to set an example to the world by re lying on peace nnd justice for our National safety. Mr. Garrison says we have set that example for 139 yoars, for -our milltnry precautions have been and are "absolutely neglig ible." and he points to Europe and China as the effects of our example. We could surely coiiducta more effec tive campaign against sr if we gave the world to understand that we pre fer peaceful settlement of quarrels, hut are equipped to settle them by fighting if other nations insist on war. Our professions of love for peace would then have a stronger ring of sincerity than they would have coming from a nation powerless to defend itself. The Czar Is now going to try his hand at the war business. He can hardily make a worse mess of it than the Grand Duke has and he is not likely to do much better. When Rus sia finds a general who knows the difference between war and millinery she may win some battles. It is doubtful whether the Czar's military education has progressed quite so far as that. THE OLD STCFF, There - is Immense excitement among the municipal wastrels and spenders, and their megaphonic champions, because someone has sug gested the managerial form of gov ernment. In a state given over to ex perimentation with every kind of government, it is hardly criminal to suggest juRt one mora just a little new one. Are the faddists at last weary of fads? Or is it merely that they are satisfied with their own ways of turn ing a city or a state upside down and resent interference with their system atic and destructive tinkering? A certain eminent citizen, whose motive no one impugns, has suggested a city manager, and has offered the name of General Goethals for con sideration. The world praises Gen eral Goethals for his supreme achieve ment In building the Panama Canal; but there is immediate consternation and dismay when it is informally proposed to systematize the business of running Portland, and placing it in the hands of a single competent person. It is denounced as an as sault on popular government; and the old stuff about boss rule, the ma chine, assemblyism, which has served many a wavering cause heretofore, is hauled out of the dust heap of dis carded issues and made to do duty again. Running a city is -a big job. It ought to be a job for big men. But it is nevertheless true that big men are hard to find and to get. The peo ple do the best they can in selecting, frbm among the talent offered. It is a fact that the five Commissioners (including the Mayor) elected two years ago were for the most part un familiar with the public service. What experience they had was en tirely casual or incidental. They were put forward and elected be cause they represented certain ideas and somewhat uncertain Ideals. No city manager, even one of the high accomplishments of General Goethals, could maintain himself without the general public confidence and unwavering public support. But would he have it? Well, we are told every day that the public will not tol erate an autocrat. SELF-HELP ON ROADS. The Blue Mountain Eagle, pub lished at Canyon City, in Grant Coun ty the heart of Central Oregon is much wrought up because the Colum bia River Highway is so it says not to be extended as a state highway through Central Oregon, but is to take the devious route ' through Pen dleton, La Grande and Baker, in or der to reach the ultimate state boun dary. The Eagle calls attention to the entire feasibility and greater di rectness of the route up the John Day River through Wheeler, Grant and Malheur counties to Vale and Ontario, and wants to know why it is not better to save 120 miles and traverse a country that is "varied in its scenery from timbered mountains to rich and fertile valleys." The Canyon City paper also indulges in sundry animadversions upon the "sagebrush semi-deserts of Morrow, Union and Umatilla counties." It appears to be expedient to say that there is no such thing in Oregon as a state highway. All roads are built by counties or road districts, and the state in certain cases gives inci dental aid through its highway commission. If the people of Central Oregon desire direct connection with the Co lumbia River Highway, it is up to them to father the movement to get it. There need be no antagonism between any plan to build a road from The Dalles to Pendleton, La Grande and Baker, and another road up the John Day to Malheur County. It is a big state and it must have many roads, great and small. Some day there may be .a more generous scheme of state aid, and then the road through Central Oregon may get substantial help. But Just now the only practicable way is for every county to build its own roads, either by itself or in conjunction with "other counties. Let Wheeler, Grant and Malheur devise a consistent and workable plan for a through road, and there will be no difficulty about getting it to the attention of the state at large. THREATS. The 1 ittle clar.ue of Democratic newspapers in Oregon, which oppose every movement they do not them selves father, are in small business in attempting to discredit the land grant conferencr in advance. The Pendleton East Oregonian. quite in accord with the rest of the claque, has worked itself into a stats of pre tended alarm over the good intent of the conference. It says: Theie is opportunity in connection with the grant lands to buiid up the school fund of Oregon. Conservatism requires that every possible step be taken-to tins end. Beware of the' radical who frowns on this line of effort and can see no good in anything not suggested secretly or openly by attorneys for the Southern I'acific. Here is plain . notice that if the conference does not foster a plan to acquire the grant for the benefit of the school fund it will be branded as controlled by the Southern Pacific, lu other words, the conference is not to be a conference. There is noth ing to confer about. There is but one plan. Adopt it or the Democratic press will discredit you and defame you. We know of but one plan that has yet been suggested for building up the school fund from the land grant. It involves the purchase by the state from the railroad at $2.50 an acre, of the unsold portion of the grant and the relinquishment to the state of the Government's interest therein. But the purchase, as proposed, pro vides also for settlement of a mat ter still in controversy between the Government and the railroad the rights and remedies as to the lands already sold by the company. For the lands sold the railroad has re ceived an aggregate sum in. excess of $2.50 per acre. It is advocated that the excess be deducted from the price paid by the state for the remaining lands. The impracticability of the scheme is illustrated from the fol lowing extract from he opinion of the United States Supreme Court in the forfeiture suit recently decided: This suit was brought. It Is alleged, to determine the rights and remedies as to the unsold lands and that subsequently oilier suits will be instituted as to tne sold lands. rights and remedies as to thenv be ins in efieel reserved. Therefore the de cree in this suit shall be without prejudice to any other suits, rights or remedies which the Government may have by law. etc. Clearly the school fund plan as outlined contemplates a settlement out of court in favor of the Govern ment and against the railroad of the issue as to the sold lands of the grant. The reasonable citizen will not ob ject to any proposal from the con ference which would build up the school fund, provided it would not interfere with opening of the agri cultural lands within the grant to prompt settlement and would not un duly delay the return of the whole grant to the tax rolls. But the thing least desirable is another eight-year period of litigation with the -railroad company. That would inevitably follow any attempt by Congress to deprive it of rights not adjudicated. It will not be possible, we trust, to frighten the conijrence away from due consideration of the state's great interest in the settlement- and taxa tion phases of the land-grant matter. The railroad's interest in the unsold portion of the grant is clear and da fined. The grant is absolute, subject only to the settlers' clause, which in sures to the railroad company no more than $2.50 per acre. The mysterious benefit in excess thereof which it might insidiously obtain from the conference exists only in a heated imagination. THE WOMAN WHO INVESTIGATED. An exchange reprints the old satir ical story about the girl who had a proposal of marriage and decided to look round amongst her friends a lit tle before she said yes or no to it. The first she visited had been the belle of the town in her girlhood, but was now the mother of six children, .did her own work, particularly the 'gash ing and ironing, never went anywhere and never had any money. Her hus band had given her but $2 since they were married. When her brothel sent her $10 for a Christmas present the husband borrowed it and bought himself an overcoat. The wife was still wearing the same plush coat she had when he was courting her. The second friend had married the handsomest man in town. He was also the best dressed. His wife was supporting him in all his beauty. The third friend was so bullied by her husband that she never dared open her lips in his august presence, and the fourth whom she visited on her tour of inspection was divorced. The girl, continues the tale, went back home and wrote to her sweet heart that she would marry him in a month. The satire upon womenkind is a bitter one and not without its measure of truth. A great many girls marry in spite of the plainest warn ings that they will be miserable and hundreds of weddings are but intro ductions to the divorce courts. But it is undeniable that women are grow ing wiser in these matters. They are not all eager to bite at the first hook that dangles before them. Knowl edge has made them cautious. The independence they have acquired has stimulated their courage to seek more. Formerly a woman had to marry or become the scorn of her as sociates. It is not so now. She may live an Independent life without re proach or ridicule. The satirical story which our exchange reproduces has not nearly so keen a point as it had twenty-five years ago. PAtL EHRLICH. Paul Ehrlich was one of the world's great chemical geniuses. In the estimation of good judges his fame will rank with Koch and Lis ter's, perhaps with Pasteur's, though that is doubtful. Time has seen very few men aS gifted as Pasteur was in his specialties. Ehrlich was a chemist almost as soon as he was born. His bent came to light in his schooldays and of course made him a nuisance to the educational machine. He could be interested in nothing but his bottles and --'.at they contained. He was forever mixing and fussing. Later In life Ehrlich became aware that every cell in existence has an affinity for some particular substance. It is these affinities that make medi cines like quinine and one or two more go directly to the spot where they are effective, while other medi cines wander round the body at ran dom and accomplish little. Ehrlich was especially concerned to discover the medicine that had an affinity for the germ of syphilis. With this pur pose in mind he tried 605 chemical combinations. all of which were failures. It was the case of Robert Bruce's spider over again, only the spider did not have to make so many failures as Ehrlich did before he succeeded. His 606th experiment confirmed his the ory and made him suddenly known throughout the world. He has mapped out the course that medicine must follow to attain to scientific cer tainty. What Ehrlich accomplished in regard to syphilis other chemists will do for cancer and tuberculosis in time. We learn from an account of him in a contemporary that Ehrllch's main amusement was to read detec tive stories and translations of Amer ican dirrve novels. All the working energy of his mind went into chem istry. It is men of his stamp who push the world ahead. Sir Isaac Newton was so absorbed in mathe matics that he used his sweetheart's little finger once to push down the hot ashes in his pipe. That was the reason why he died a bachelor. Sci ence makes heavy demands upon her votaries, but her rewards are worth all they cost. SEPTEMBER. Thus far September has lived up to her reputation as the most 'charm ing month of the year. The weather has been mild, the sunshine soft and benignant and there has been a trace of rain, enough rain to keep the air pure. - The foliage of the trees has been washed clean of the Summer dust, the gardens have been refreshed and the - roads wetted down. There has not been rain enough yet to re vive the pastures, but more is at hand. The Oregon skies rarely fail to water the ground over which they bcr.d at exactly the time when it will do most good. People who were forethoughted enough to plant delphiniums in their borders now have a wealth of blue flowers to delight their eyes. The hollyhocks are still in bloom and the dahlias color the gardens with masses of pink and red. It is only in fa vored spots that wild flowers still keep up their courage. In the low meadows of the Columbia the "yellow weed" casts a mantle of gold over big pastures. The dairymen would pre fer the more modest green of the grass, but they cannot always choose. The "yellow weed," beautiful as it is. has become a pest from the utilitar ian point of view, but there is no way to get rid of it. When nature sets out to be beautiful rather than useful It is hard to turn . her from her purpose. The birds are collecting from heaven knows where for their Fall migration. The blackbirds, which disappeared in the early Summer as soon as their young were able to fly, art coming back again. The linnets gather In great flocks on the telephone wires along country roads. The crows make the fields resound with their cawing. ' The crows will stay with us all Winter, but the other birds "are making them ready to fly." The ha zelnuts were ripe a month ago, as the boys were well aware. Filberts ripen a little later on the trees in the gardens. Walnuts are still grow ing and it will take another month for chestnuts to mature. Farmers have begun to cut corn to fill their silos, though late plantings must stand for another fortnight to let the ears mature a little. Apples are red dening on the trees, particulaly the Jonathans, which make a great show in the first weeks of September. Pears drop silently to the ground when no wind Is stirring. Everything is getting ready for the long sleep. It has been a bountiful season, rich in hay, corn, potatoes and all that the farmer loves. In dry fence corners the small, purple aster blooms modestly on its tall stalk. Its mes sage Is always the same, "Summer is over for this year. Make ready for a happier one next year." The Jokerin the apple-selling prob lem is the middleman's profit. Take the Hood River product, for example. Much of it goes East, but there is a greet bulk that wouM be consumed in Portland, where the people never get enough of it. The box at retail costs about twice what the grower gets. The parcel post is a con venience, but to use it requires ad vertising and handling, and other ex pense and bother to the' shipper that must be paid by the consumer. These items bring the cost pretty well up to the middleman's quotations, and that brings the scatter around to the beginning. So it may be the middle man is not to blame very much if his price for a good article seems too high. Those who would eat the best must pay the most. The greatest drawback about sub marine war is that, when a rich prize is taken, the captor cannot get the benefit of it the best he can do is to prevent "the other fellow" from having it. What a splendid catch the British cruiser Argyll would have been with $80,000,000 on board, but the best a submarine could have done would have been to send it to the bottom of the sea. Henry Castlemon died a few days ago as thoroughly forgotten as a man can be outside the grave. In his day he was an author of boys' stories, and a good one. Many of his plots dealt with the Civil War. which was far more exciting to the last generation than to this. Castlemon's books had a great circulation as late as 1S90, but nobody reads them now. The Society of American Indians, which meets at Lawrence, Kan., the last of this month, will hear speeches from men of that race who have made good in many walks of life. The Indian has plenty of ability. When he is thrown on his own resources and not too much coddled by the Government he usually makes good. Collier's Weekly has enriched the language with a new verb, "to pen rose." The politicians, it says, "have been penroseing up and down the land." To Penrose, as we gather, means something a little more nefar ious than to pussyfoot. Penroseing signifies pussyfooting with a strong infusion of mendacity. It is quite likely that Karl Guiottt the Pendleton musician, has the cor rect explanation for his restored eye sight. Nearly blind for twelve years, he now sees very well. He says "men tal concentration" restored his sight. Perhaps it did. The mind has powers over the body as yet undefined and but little understood. Although, as Representative Spark man says, we cannot expect appropri ations for new river and harbor projects by this Congress, there is no reason why the engineers should not survey and map out future work. There Is plenty to do on the upper Columbia and on the Willamette above the falls. The men in Joliet are no worse off for the "go" pulled off as a Labor day diversion. They are not of the class to whom a literary programme would appeal. To them the. warden is i Tood fellow and they will show their appreciation. The Gaekwar of Baroda Is a good old sport. He has just dug up $160,000 to buy aeroplanes for his British rulers. That does not look as if dissatisfaction, ' incited by Ger many, is rampant in his corner of India. It Is just likely the Czarina had something to do with displacement of the Grand Duke as war lord. He wa:- getting to be a bigger man than her husband, and that is something a wife will not stand. Bridgetenders, says the High Court of Appeals, are not obliged to open at once when a boat half a mile or more away whistles for a draw. The judges recognize that city traffic has rights. The suffragists learned why peo ple call the Congressman for the Third District "Pat-" That's the way he stood with them. September is a week old. but there is a growing deficiency in rainfall. However, it will not be so very long. The children found the wheels of thought rather rusty yesterday, but will soon oil them up. The Mohr murder mystery has given Newport society a bad attack of nerves. Both sides are playing the shell game again on the western battle line. The Czar himself will lead his armies. Now let Germany beware. This is Portland day across the Co lumbia. It is worth while. As a labor agitator Ambassador Dumba is a rank amateur. European War Primer By National Geographical Society. A great addition to the, grain fields of the Teutonic powers has been ac complished with the capture of the fruitful country comprised In the gov ernment of Kovno. Highly developed estates stretch throughout, this gov ernment the greatest part of. whose area consists of rich farm lands. Har vests unvaryingly produce an abun dance here and, before the outbreak of the war, the farmers of Kovno export ed to their German neighbors large quantities of grain, meat, milk, butter, cheese and fowls. Here Russia wore an air of general well being and prog ress, which contrasted sharply with the marsh-and-poverty-blighted lands to the south. More than 60 per cent of the surface of Kovno government is yearly under crops and much of the remaining area is devoted to the grazing of herds. Wheat, rye, oats, barley and potatoes have been exported in increasing bulks after each succeeding harvest and the methods of farming have steadily improved, almost keeping pace with the intensely cultivated farms in neighboring East Prusaia. The soil la a very fertile black earth and smaller areas are sandy clay. The govern ment is well watered, with a suffi cient rainfall and an intricate system of drainage, carried to the Baltic Bea by the rivers Niemen. Duna (Dvina). Wintlau and Courtland A a. These rivers are navigable and have navigable branches. Many lakes are scattered over Kovno's surface. a Dairying has achieved a fame in the government almost equal to that of Denmark's or Finland's dairying. The butter produced here competes with that offered by the Finns and with all but the best and most expensive but ters offered by Denmark. Butter trains daily gathered the products of the Kovno dairies before the war for the brisk markets of Berlin. Fine cattle and horses bred on Kovno estates have attracted considerable European atten tion during recent years, the Russian animals vying successfully for points with those raised upon the famou farms of East and West Prussia. In sections of the government where nu merous lakes and ponds are sprinkled geese have been grown for market on a scale almost as great as that in the goose-breeding districts of Poland. The feathers and geese were largely marketed in Germany, where goose, roasted goose, forms a national excess, and the feathers enter inextricably into the national idea of bedding. Kovno has an area of 15.687 square miles. Its surface is level almost to unbroken monotony, for it continues the unenlivened plain of Hast Prussia. There are a few meager hills in the government, elements of two low ridges which nowhere exceed 800 feet in height above sea level. The largest part of the government has been brought under the plow, though more than 20 per cent is forested. There are some important marshy areas in the central and southern parts. The climate is relatively mild, when com pared to other parts of Russia. The mean temperature at the City of Kov no, capital and first-class fortress, is 44 degrees Fahrenheit. The country supports in normal times about 1.800. 000 population. There Is practically no industrial de velopment in the region. Nearly all of the inhabitants are engaged In ag riculture, while commerce, river nav igation, fishing, forestry and home in dustry and milling also claim a small er percentage. The government en joys a considerable transit trade and a significant part of the German ex port to Russia poured through Kovno before war days, through the customs offices at Yerburg and Tauroggen. which, on account of the German trade, were ranked among the most important offices of the empire. Lithu anians comprised nearly three-quarters of the population, with Jews and Poles the peoples of next numerical impor tance. A sprinkling of German and Russian landlords also took an influ ential part in the life of the govern ment. The cities are very small and of little -nfiuence. FIREWORKS, Simllis slmlll gaudet f?) I like you. sir, like you, yet try as I will We can never exactly agree; Your whole lordly bearing, sir, gets on my nerves. Yet they say you are so much like me. I can't explain why, sir. Just why my poor nerves In a state of excitement should be, Just after .discussing some question with you; Perhaps it's because you're like me. When we keep apart, sir, I like you, sir, but Together the planets that guide us Burst into a storm we can never con trol: Why thus should the ill winds be tide us? Sometimes I have said, sir, when think ing alone That I've done an injustice to you. And then comes a meeting, and, lo and behold. We part inwardly raging, we two. They say you're like me, sir, that I am like you. But how can this possibly be? For it seems that sometimes, if this were the case. We could somehow on something S HELEN I. TOMLINSON. Way to Save Country. PORTLAND. vSept. 7. (To the Ed-' itor.) The hard facts presented in yoiir editorial September 6. under "Funds and National Defense." are enough to make anyone wonder how the Democratic party is going to ex tricate tne country from its deplorable business muddle. After mature deliberation a solution has presented itself to me and I beg your indulgence in giving it here with: Why not let the Government issue two or three-year interest-bearing notes in payment for all expense which the Treasury was unable to pay at the time and then pledge the Dem ocratic party to vote the Republican ticket in 1916 as a guarantee that the said notes will be taken up in the fu ture? SUBSCRIBER. Learal Interest Rate. PORTLAND. Sept. 7. (To the Ed itor.) Kindly let me know If there is any law regulating the interest a bank may charge for a loan. A busi ness man wished to borrow a small sum from the bank where he had been doing business for years, gave a mort gage as security and the amount he wanted was placed to his credit. Ies3 interest at 12 per cent. It seems ir regular to me. but I may be wrong. T. J. The maximum interest rate that may be legally contracted is -10 per cent- Governors of Oliio. WHITE SALMON. Wash., Sept. 6 (To the Editor.) There seems to be a considerable confusion as to whether our. President was at one time or an other Governor of Ohio. Or was there a Governor of Ohio named Wilson other than our President? READER OF OREGONIAN. There has never been a Governor of Ohio named Wilson. President Wil son was formerly Governor of New Jersey. WILSON WITHOtT REAL ADVISERS Bayard Kale Recommends Counsel Witla I'rople on Foreign Affair. A remarkable article on President Wilson's manner of conducting our for eign affairs has been contributed to the New York American by William Bayard Hale. He begins by recalling that "long before the Presidency came his way Mr. Wilson was accustomed to heap reprobation upon . . . its Irre sponsibility to the people." Mr. Hale says Mr. Wilson, the student of gov ernment, was Impressed by the fact that the President is "neither a ruler nor the minister of a ruler and yet both." wielding the prestige of a sovereign without the prerogatives, "while at the same time exercising the authority of a prime minister without being re strained by responsibility to represen tatives of the people." Mr. Wilson, says Mr. Hale, "has al ways applauded the idea that the Pres ident's Cabinet should be made respon sible to Congress, like the British Min istry," but "has not proposed such a step since becoming President." He says: "We are muddling along under 4 governmental system that was exceed ingly ill thought out." Theodore Roosevelt was right, in Mr. Hale's opinion, when he said at Platts burg that a President has a right to demand public support only because he does well, and not merely because he is President. He pronounces absurd the claim of infallibility for the Presi dent, but that "what is practically im portant is the fact not that the people are forbidden to criticise the President, but that they are powerless to restrain him." While the President cannot declare war. he can assume positions and can pursue a course "toward foreign gov ernments of which the country may not approve but may be kept in ignorance." For the last year the foreign relations of the United States have been carried on by Mr. Wilson, "acting practically alone," which is "no credit to the intel ligence of the country." Says Mr. Hale: In a truly democratic country everv act of the Department of Foreign Affairs would be challengeable and would be challenged by tho opposition party. The head of the Nation, then, has "the benefit of advice and criticism," and escapes ifi large measure the dan ger of secret international intrigue and ill-advised sympathies. No means can be found of totally abolishing this dan ger, as Britain learned when it became known that Sir Edward Grey had bound it in 1912 to support France with its navy in case Germany attacked France. While it is necessary that diplomatic affairs be carried on by individuals, Mr. Hale says: It la not necessary that they should be handed over to thes unassisted wisdom, or the unchecked unwisdom, of one man. Mo man is. wise enough to direct, of his Own will and without reference to the un derstanding wisdom or desires of the peo ple, the foreign relations of a nation like the Vnlted States. Conceding that Mr. Wilson is "a man of exceptional talents and high char acter," and that few Presidents have been better equipped than he. Mr. Hale says that "Woodrow Wilcon is not above human error" and that "there are certain quite special limitations which sft upon Mr. Wilson's fitness to handle aUne a crisis such as we are passing through." He it "not an author ity on international law." cannot "pre tend to particular knowledge of inter national relations," is -not "a traveled man" and has never written or spoken on the political affairs tf other na tions, except England. Mr. Hale then marshals facts going to show that Mr. Wilson la decidedly .partial to England. His "one passion is English political history; the lives of English political worthies have been his lifelong study; incidents of English political life are viva in his memory"; his political ideals are drawn from Eng land; he loves, English literature; has spent vacations in Englcnd; delights in English scenery; his mother was "born in England and all four of his grandparents were British subjects." On the other hand, he "has never been in Germany; lias no knowledge of the German language." literature or philos ophy; he has not heard the songs nor listened to the stories of Germany; and "the events and figures of German his tory are for him dim shadows." Admitting that there is nothing "in the least reprehensible in this," Mr. Hale says "it explains a good deal." and continues with the emphasis of black face type: And It renders It all the more necessary that, in the presence of a controversy be tween English and German ldeas, Mr. Wil son should take pains to secure from others the knowledge which be has not within him self. Asking "with whom does the Presi dent consult?" Mr. Hale says the most serious criticism is that "he has never shown a disposition to surround him self with high-class men" and that "his Cabinet is a Cabinet cf nobodies." He then makes this scathing characteriza tion of the Cabinet: . As a gathering of political curiosities !t might be notable. As a council of National direction it is contemptible. There is not In it a single man whom the country's judgment called lo his scat. There is not in it a single man vho, apart from his of fice, would be listeneil to with any special respect in a gathering of a dozen average men of affairs anywhere. He denies to Mr. Lansing the title of "statesman." styling the Secretary of State "this suddenly discovered and swiftly promoted subordinate." Then he goes down the list of higher State De partment officials, declaring the new Counselor "absolutely and unblushingly devoid of the slightest qualification for his office"; the First Assistant Secre tary "a bucolic politician of the Far West, utterly uninitiate of world af fairs"; the Second Assistant "a veteran of long and honorable service," but "physically handicapped"; the Third As sistant "a precious darling of London drawing-rooms." He then says, again in blackface type: Moreover two of the Cabinet's ten mem bers wera born subjects of the King of Eng land. Mr. Wilson is then arraigned for not having sought "extraordinary advice in a great emergency," for not having "summoned the greatest and best of nations to counsel," as Lincoln did and as the Fremier of Britain has been do ing. Mr. Hale says: For days nfter the Lusitania tragedy Mr. Wilson cut himself from all human con tact and communication, while a Nation of a hundred millions waited upon his decision. Saying that "no living sovereign would have dared to shut himself up to decide alon the vast issue of peace or war. Mr. Hale says that "if the Pres ident had consulted the common sense of the country he would have spared himself the "terrific anxieties which have tortured him since he rashly laid upon Germany the demand that she abandon her submarine activity a de mand the folly of which only the ob scuring mercy of delay and the fact that government whose. armies were gaining daily victories could afford to be conciliatory have worked together to efface." According to him. "a kind Providence has saved the country from the immediate catastrophe which his dangerous p Hey Invited." and the Kaiser's go.-ernment has shown mag nanimity and "high generosity and friendliness'' in acceding "freely and fully" to American demands. Refer ring then to Germany's suggestion "that the United States make to Great Britain representations parallel to those to which it has acceded." he says: The suggestion is Just. ft throws upon the United ritales Government a duty which should be immediately set a'.out in the most generous measure of good faith. The President is advised by Mr. Hale to take counsel of the wisdom of the people and is informed jy Mr. Hale: If he will consult It he will learn that It demands the vindication against Kngland also of our violated dlsnity the assertion now against England of the right of Ameri can citizens to sail the seas with lawful car goes a right which for a year lias been trampled upon by the British government, not as an impulsive war measure, but with caiculaticn and persistenc). viciously and contemptuously. Twenty-five Years Ago From The Oregonian of September 8. 1S90. Boston. Sept. 7. Michael Sullivan, aged SS, the father of John L. Sullivan, the ugilist, died this morning of ty phoid pneumonia. Chlcaaro. Sept. 7. Last night during the exciting: horserace scene in "The County Fair." at the Columbia The ater. W. D. Herbert, of South Wood street, dropped dead in his seat in the parquet circle. Herbert was subject to heart disease and the excitement proved too much for him. Pittsburg. Sept. 7. At the primaries in tho Twenty-third Congressional District held last night. Colonel Stone defeated George Sairas by a popular vote) of about 500. Stone ran in Con gressman Bayles- district and will bo his successor. Dublin. Sept. 7. A conflict between the Nationalists and the police oc curred today. The officers attempted to prevent the Nationalist procession. A serious affray resulted and many heads were broken before the police succeeded in enforcing their mandate. Joseph Pulitzer, of the New York World, who has become totally blind, has for a private secretary a young Englishman named Ponsonby. the lat ter being the private secretary by ap pointment to Queen ' Victoria- A new vein of coal, six feet thick, has been found on the Newakum River, about 15 miles from Chehalis. which promises a rich yield. Cincinnati. Sept. 7. The funeral services of the late General E. F. Noyes were very largely attended here today. Among the honorary pall bearers was ex-President Hayes. Eight members of the General's old regiment were active pallbearers. From The Oregonian of September 5, 1863. St. Louis, Sept. 6. General Sanborn has ma do a temporary treaty of peace with the Apache. Comanche and Kiowa Indians and has ceased hostilities against them until a permanent peace can be arranged. New York, Sept, 5. The Telegraph Construction Company is so confident of success with the Atlantic cable that it offered to contract with the Atlantis Telegraph Company to recover and complete the present cable and lay a second during next year. The Sunday school benefit on Wednesday evening netted the fund for which it was intended $113. The total receipts were $130. The man agers are under many obligations to those who assisted their efforts. New York. Sept. 5. The London Times has a-j editorial on the situa tion of America towards England. It denies that there exists any pretext for war. It seriously asks for a dis passionate consideration of affairs by the Americans. New York. Sept. 6. The Heralds Fortress Monroe correspondent aays that Jeff Davis, who has hitherto beou denied the privilege of communicating with his family, is now allowed to write to h is wife. With this Conces sion and the privilege of reading some of the dally papers, he says he has nothing left to complain of except the loss of liberty and the delay in bring ing him to trial. All of his letters are su.iorvised by General Miles before being sent away. New York. Sept. 5 A Paris paper, alluding to the Austrian-Prussian proceeding with tie duchies, points out that France may appropriate a point on the Rhine when it suits her, .with just as much right as Prussia. The Austro-Fruss'an diplomats are to continue negotiations as to the ques tion of the succession of duchiea. A private dispatch says Reside is en route to this part of the country with wheelbarrows, and If the Indians will let him alone may arrive in time to deliver a bag of mail matter by tho Fourth of July next year. About 60 miles east of Fort Bridger the sav ages made an attack upon the train and burnsd up lour of the wheelbar rows. The remaining six were dou bled up and the consequent overload ing of them makes It heavy on the men who are engaged to push the burden throush. Till: FOOL AND OTTR FOREST DOLLARS. Good-by to the fool with the empty gun: Forgotten his bid for fame. Though he kills his friend, it only counts one. And that, nowadays, is tame. The fool who playfufly rocks the boat Is on the front page no more. He may rank high with the fools afloat. But his glory is gone ashore. There's the fool with women, the fool with wine. And the fool who games with strangers. And the joy-ride fool (he does well In his line By combining these ancient dangers). But they're all still down in the primer class. Mere novices taking a flyer. Compared with the prize-taking crim inal ass. The fool in the woods with fire. -A few hearts break for the deeds they've done In their pitiful amateur way. But fire slays dozens where they slay one. And scourges a state in a day. For the ruined home and the smoke less stack . And the worker unemployed Know a hundred years shall never bring back The things that his match destroyed. E. T. ALLEN. Portland. Why Have Tesebrrs! one rreat service rendered by teach ers is that tiiey save one a great deal of useless trouble. This truth is strik ingly brdught out by Professor John Adams in his stimulating volume, "Mak ing the Most of One's Mind." On this subject he says: "You may think cf doing a thing in a particular way, and if .eft to your self you would probably succeed in at taining your end, and yet that way may be a bad one. it is better than none at all. and self-educated men sometimes become proud of the very badness of their methods. But thi-r surely is un wiae. It is no loss of dignity and no Interference with your individuality to be told by a more experienced person which is the most economical way of doing something that you want to do. It Is here that the wise self-educator shows his wisdom by getting ail .the advice he can before entering, upon any bit of work. He may or may not accept the advice offered therein lies his freedom but he will at least enter upon his undertaking with the fullest knowledge available of the varions ways in which his end may be at tained." Thrift. Kansas City Journal. "My wife hopes to make us all rich in time." "How so?" "She saw mining stock advertised at I cent a share and she invested a nickel." Half a Century Ago