PRICE FIVE CENTS.
PORTLAND, OREGON, MONDAY, AUGUST g.V 1915.
VOI- I.V. NO. 17.0S1.
DEFENSE MEASURES
URGED BY MB. TAFT
Adequate Navy First of
All Is Needed
COAST DEFENSE SECOND LINE
These Would Give Time to
Train and Equip Soldiers.
PRESENT ARMY IS WEAK
3 fob ll Strength of 10. 00 1
r.rqalred. With Provision for
' IU-qallte Officer Coat Mast
IVe Iloroe ratrtottcally.
tntr r.Tr.ri: mon
rnriDcr ti"t ."
pm:t B:ronE rout-
L.1D PHKM CUI
l rur.no it.
When consider what oor 4
tack of erenaratioa Is sod bow
inr to controversy we are. It
cucM la give s paae.
it is aoi wirii w ww ,
differ witn me aminiiimiM
tloa i
fez- i
ea Its past conduct of the M
Irao situation: II Is sufficient to
know that wa will band! It In
the future.
We nd a Navy equal to anr
tnU nasal power la the world,
af-pt Great Britain.
We mast a!l stand back of
lha Administration la Ita plana
for National defense".
A for.lsa foa won't dara to
coma to oar shora until It baa
swept our Navy from tha seas.
The Idea that ear coast de
fences ran be deal royed by a
hMttla navy la all popycock.
Our Army Is Terr
tar.nl officers enough
for an adequate Army. We need
another West Point
This country baa been bavins
too easy a lima.
We most ba wilting to bear
the bnrd'H of estra taxation to
provide National defense.
We don't want aa army and
navy to sift a war of B.cree
stoa. but to dcfnd our National
bonor.
A Jolly company of newspaper men.
public fw-iala, lawyers and other clt
trens met at breakfast at the Benson
lln'el yesterday ' noon and heard an
Interesting discourse oa "National
lienor" by William K. Taft. a former
noPwPer man of CinrtnnatL
Tea. It waa aa a former newspaper
(nan tftat Mr. Tsft met srttb bta proud
partusd beets, but It was aa ea-Prea-Metit
of the Valted Statea that be
spoke out plainly, eloquently and force
fully for mora adequate National de
feaSO. weave tsefeaao Kareeaty t rsedL
It was tha first time since be left
the White House that ea-Presldenl Taft
e In precise ternve bis slews oa the
question of preparing the Nation to
protect It against agression by a for-
( foe.
He did not mince words. He came
ul flat-footed and stralcbl from the
Boulder In aa earnest appeal for a
big-gar Ny. aa Improved system of
coast defenses and a larger and mora
mobile tn.lir. Army.
It waa after the assembled guest
bad feasted under the ausplcea of the
I'ortland Iress Club and after tha dis
tinguished guest bad been welcomed
ly Uosernor WiUjcomb. by President
fulllsaa of the 1'ree.a Club, by Kdgar
B. riper. John I. Carroll and U. T.
Irvine of three of the dally nems
papera. and after Mine, Jeanne Jomelll
bad Inspired tre audience by ber ren
dition of "The Utar-fpangled Banner
that Judge Taft a as Introduced.
arose of Weleeeae Wtea.
A deafening- salute oas stveo b'.m.
The rul d:ning-roorn waa filled
with tatrt'tu- men. T3e balcony ever
bead oss rr,sJ with ga.ly dressed
women and the doors and window,
around the rwa wars pa-ksd to ca
pacity )f Interested persons oho could
el ga.n admittance Into the mala
room.
After J-l Tail had demonstrated.
t tha d'lliM of eterjJ-odjr. that be Is
a humorist as well aa an orator, be
took up t"e Iseues trial are confronting
r.m p.orie of lie nattpa.
-Ter are two possibilities." he be
ttr. -thst are requiring trial the na
tion "i " w ita slrenit. " lie referred
to lha l.aroreao ertuat-oa ana it was
atious l:t tSe other poesibit.ty teat
be bad i:lm of was the situation la
Issasra-ltj of TO ar I era 1 1 la a.
-Wa read." ha continued, "of tiie
preal "Cirepee- war. and tha Immensity
af tie etr-iaale aprals ea
"An I when we st.i? to vonsider what
our preparations are an-! how near we
re to controversy It ought to ! us
pause.
"tt au.M to take as awsy from the
mr.it fee;ir of contentment. White
usht to be srst.fu. to a kind
jToet J.n. e that we are remoTed from
te pr.sent conflict, that should not
blind ns to tha necessity oa our part
IV take early action, so that we sha.l
pel Bad ourselves la a bamlliatlnc po
loa If aa aacres-sor shall salsa on aa
A a aucht to bo la pool tloa to defend
v.'saiwlw4 sa Teas a. ll.a -
RELIEF IS PROMISED
FROM HOT SPELL
SCXDAY'S
AND
TEMPER.1TXRE
JICMID1TY ..
J
Cnmmer Hcsorts Id and Near
City Thrlvr, bat Portland I
Cooler" Than Other Place-.
The wind will bo westerly today, and
If tba weather man la not quibbling,
will ba "not so warm.""
Yesterday tha thermometer reel
tared tt decrees for tba bottsst part
of tha day. which wa at 4 and
o'clock. It may have seemed a mile
warmer and nrobably did. but that
was because tha relative humidity waa
II at noon, and ST at t o'clock.
Tha weather was such as to draw
out tha crowda aad at every Summer
resort la tha city and surroundln ter
ritory a full auota re-iateroo. im
swlmmlnc rendesvousea and tha auto
mobile hl.hwaya had record crowds
aad tha parka played to capacity so lo
speak.
Observations throughout tha coun
try, however, show that tha hot wave
a pretty well apenl Itself. It I
arowina cooler In the Willamette Val
ley and In Northern Washln.ton. The
relief la expected to raaca acre louay,
so the weather mini promts may ba
fulfilled.
Tha hourly temperatures yesterday
srere:
a if nr M
A. M "IP. M
..VI
10 A- M TJ IPX
..VI
II A. st. "3 r. m. .....
I . J P. M .
i i ai - Nir.s. ..............
la other parts of tha Pacific North
weat tha beat grew mora Intense and
at Medford It touched 100. at Colfax.
Wash- 101. and Spokane "enjoyed" 04
decrees, while at Rooebura- It waa tt.
LAVISH SOWING PUNISHED
German Farmers lined for Exceed'
In- Limit Set by Law.
BERLIN'. Aujr. 4. Elht farmars
hare Just been tried before tha Pots
dam criminal court for an offense
created by order o'f tha Federal Council
soma months aco that of sowlnj
raia too thickly.
It waa charved that they had sowed
mora than 110 pounds of oata per
"moreen" (about J-i acre), whereas
the limit I' 1TK pounds. Tha defend
ant. Joined la declaring that their
swampy moorland required mora seed,
partly because of the character of the
aoil aad partly because a considerable
part of the seed waa eaten by tba
pbeasanta from tba adjoining- buntlnc
nreservee of a Prince.
Tha minimum fina of three marks
ark waa Imposed.
CALIFORNIA HOPS SHORT
Crop Estimated at 10 lo ! Per Cent
Le Than ltl Yield.
SACRAMENTO. Aw. IJ. (Special)
Hop plcklna oa a crop estimated at
from 10 lo SO per cent short of that of
tast year Is la full swlns; In tha Sacra
mento. Placer aad Tuba County fields.
Horst Brothers, with fields In several
counties, report activities la full prog
ress.
It Is said American hop .rowers ex
pect a ood year, as tna cn-usn crop
Is about one-half of what the Itlt crop
aa.
A large amount of American hops.
especially la tha Sacramento alley.
will be shipped to Europo via tha Pan
ama CanaL
- rtaoticls an Aero la Yield.
WALLA WALLA. Wash, Au. ii.
(Special.) Sixty-five bushels of wheat
to the acre la the averaae oa . n.
Cantonwlne's J:0-scre farm near Dixie
Tbla Is the best yield reported this
year. The wheat la Jenkins nub.
EX-PRESIDENT OF UNITED
THE TaFT SWILC I tUDIalMSDCO.
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t -. . '.'xy . :, y . 'V -'Jf n """iX m""'"m"-M' 1 &k 'M"t 'C- ' I
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T
Reports on Federal In
quiry Filed.
INHERITANCE TAX ADVOCATED
Investigators Agree on One
Point, Differ on Others.
BLAME IS HELD DIVIDED
Employers Representatives Sa;
Many Employers Have Ione
Wrong, bat That Labor Also
Most Assume Its Share.
CHICAGO. Am. JJ. Summaries of
the reports, three In number, of the
Cnlted States Commission on Industrial
Relations as to findings and recom
mendations for tha Information of Con
Cress, were made public here torrtgbt.
The Commission, which ceases to ex
ist tomorrow, was composed of three
representatives each of the employers.
the employed and the general public
It became apparent some time aco that
they would be unable to agree on
slncle report, and It is said thst none
of the reports given out tonight can
properly be called a -majority" report
Sjapplesaeataurr Reports Filed
The report of the representatives of
the employes, known as the "staff re'
port, drawn up by Basil 3d. Manly, dl
rector of research and Investigation for
the Commission, was signed by Com
mlssloners Walsh, Lennon. O'Connell
end Garretson. In connection with the
main reports these commissioners Is
sued three "supplemental opinions snd
sua-seatlons" ss follows: One by Mr
Walsh, one by Mr. Garretson. and one
by Mr. Lennon and Mr. O'Connell
Jointly.
The report of the Commissioners
representing the public, and the sum
mary thereof, were written by Com
mlesloner Commons. He and Mrs. Hir
rlmaa sianed It without reservation.
Commissioners Alshton, Ballard and
Welnstock approved It la large part.
and. In part, their diasant to portions
of It. and to the Manly report, are ex
pressed In the so-called Welnstock re
port, signed by Welnstock. Alshton and
Ballard.
laherltaaeo Taa Agreed a a.
The reports agree on a Federal Inher
itance tax and on the general plan
for Ita use The Manly report disagrees
n recommending practically the single
tax and other things, wnua me em
ployers disagree with the Harrlman-
Commons report only on the boycott
and some minor labor details.
The Manly summary finds "that the
causes of Industrial unrest group them
selves almost without exception under
four mala sources which include all IBs
others. They are:
1. '.'njust distribution of wealth and In-
T reemployment and eenisi or opportun.
Ity la earn a living.
X. ienlal at jusvee id I", ii-inu, in
the adjudication aad la tna aaminutrauaa
et the law.
. Dental of tha rich! and opportunity to
form effective organisations. Remedies are
,usceleO.
On the same subject the Commons re
port says:
-The greatest cauae of Industrial un-
(Contlnued oa Page 2. Column
IES
ASCRIBED
TO VARIOUS
CAUSES
STATES WHO IS GUEST OF BAR AND PRESS IN PORTLAND.
CO TIB, ABOVE A. B. RIDOWAT
PEARED
INDEX OF TODAFS NEWS
The Weather.
TlSTERDin Maximum temperature, VI
Ammrmm- minimum. SS degrees.
TODAY'S Fair; not so warm; westerly
winds.
Flaaee and ladostry.
Bank lett,r gives reasons for optimistic
sentiment. Pass S.
Bankers predict lower price for sterling ex-
casnge. rsgs a.
War.
Oerroan bsttls cruiser Moltke, three cruisers,
seven torpedo boa la lost In Riga battle.
Fags J-
Oermaoa mart on In Russia except near
Riga. Page X.
Nai
Federal Commlssloa snslyxes causes of in.
dustrtai unreal. Page 1.
Washington plans to develop trade with
China. Page a.
Domestic.
Orsln price may fall as result of Italy's
. declaration of war against Turkey.
Psge 1.
Georgia Governor threatened with lynching
If ha pursues Frank inquiry, rage .
Floods grow worse and death list mounts
nesr et. louis. rags 2.
Sports.
Coa.t I-earue results: Ealt Lake 3. Port'
land X: Los Angeles ,-8, ban Francisco
l-e; Vernon l-o, Oakland 1-4. Psge a.
Tommy Tsnnsnt. veteran Cosst League
nlavar. drooued or ball L-ake. Pag, 1.
Johnson checks Detroit's winning . stress.
Page a.
Pacific Northwest.
lallwsukle Mayor expects legal battls over
water bond Issue. Psge lo.
Portlaad and Vicinity.
Taft outlines his plana for tsatlonal. do
fense. Pegs J.
Wssthermsn promises- friendly breexe for
today, page X.
Joint bar meeting promises good results.
Pags 12.
Staple, declared short In Australia by of
ficer of Colusa, rsgs s.
Miss Van Rsnuelaer, who has won laurels
as cook, is portlsna visitor, rags
Sixty flee In night dress from firs at Es
mond Hotel. Psge
Wslcoros given 75 Cnltsrlans en route to
convention. Page 1-
Ur. Taft, pressed for time, talks to reporter
from bath tub. rage l.
BEER DELIVERER ARRESTED
Auto Truck Driver Must Stand Trial
for Taking Keg to Picnic.
VANCOUVER, Waah., Aug. 21. (Spe
cial.) Charged with delivering liquor
n a dry unit, contrary to law, W. H.
Paynter, part owner of the Interstate
Autotruck Delivery Co., was arrested
at Battle Ground Lake yesterday.
J. O. Blair. County Attorney, was
there,- a picnic being held by 600 Odd
fellows at the lake. Mr. Blair,' In tak
ing a little walk, discovered a large
crowd of men around a beer keg. aim
evidence that the keg shortly before
had been full. feeveral others were
taken In custody for a time, but were
ater released.
BRITISH LOSE 3 VESSELS
- y
Two Steamers Sunk, Anot'icr Blown
Up; Five Men Lost.
LONDON . Aug. 22. The British
steamer Cober. of 3060 tons, has been
gunk by a German submarine. The
crew has been lsnded in safety.
The British steamers Windsor and
William Dawson have met disaster.
The Windsor, a vessel of 605S tons, has.
according to a report Issued here, been
sunk, while the William Dawson an
old stesmer of 2S4 tons, has been blown
up. The crew of the Windsor was
saved, but five men of the Dawson's
crew were lost.
BRITISH PATROL RESUMED
Germans Taken From Norwegian
Steamer Off New York.
NEW IORK. Aug. 22. A German
third officer and a seaman of the crew
of the Norwegian steamer Etarkad.
which arrived today from Bordeaux,
were taken off just outside the harbor
near Fire Island by the British cruiser
Berwick.
It was the first appearance off this
port of any of the British patrolling
boats in nearly five months.
JtOGB O. Tt. DtVia, AXD BELOW-C
rESTERDAf AT TUsl MILT.NOHAX HOTEL.
MOLTKE IS LOST IN
SEA FIGHTAT RIGA
German Battle Cruiser
Sunk by Russians.
TEN OTHER WARSHIPS GONE
List Includes Three Cruisers,
Seven Torpedo-Boats.
DESCENT ON COAST FAILS
Four Barzeloads of Soldiers Said
to Have Jecn Annihilated and
Barges Captured by Troops
Without ArUlIerj.
LONDON, Aug. 22. A dispatch to the
Central News from Petrograd says:
The President of the Duma has an
nounced that the Germans had lost the
battle cruiser Moltke, three cruisers and
seven torpedo-boats in the Riga battle.
The announcement of the President
of the Duma as sent was as follows
In the Riga battle the Germans lost
one battle cruiser, tne raoiiKe, tnree
cruisers and seven torpedo-boats.
The German fleet has withdrawn
from Riga bay.
Bargca of Soldiers Exterminated.
"The Germans tried to make a descent
near Pernpvin (Pernigel), on the east
shore of the Gulf of Riga, some 35
miles north of Riga. Four barges
crammed with soldiers took part in the
descent. They were repulsed by the
Russian troops, without the co-operation
of artillery, the Germans being
exterminated and the barges captured.'
A dispatch to the Times from Petro
gTad confirms the announcement of M.
Rodzianko, the President of the Duma,
of a Russian victory in the Gulf of
Riga and the sinking of the German
battle cruiser Moltke.
The German battle cruiser Moltke
vessel of 23,000 tons, and carried
in ordinary times a complement of 1107
men. She was a sister ship of the fa
mous Goeben. which became a part of
the Turkish navy after the beginning
of the war, and waa rechrlstened Sultan
Sclim.
Moltke In Previous Battle.
The Moltke was 690 feet- long and
rmed with 10 11-Inch guns and
12 sis-inch guns and 12 of 24 pounds.
In addition, ber armament Included four
20-inch torpedo tubes. She was bul't
1911 and had a speed of about 28
knots.
The Moltke was in the battle with
the British Meet in the North Sea last
January, when the German armored
cruiser Bluecher was sunk. In 1912 the
Moltke was In the German squadron
which visited the United Statea to re
turn the visit of tha United States bat
tleship squadron made at Kiel on its
trip around the world. The cost of the
Moltke was about $12,000,000.
VICTORY HEARTENS RTJSSHXS
British Destroyers Said to ' Have
Taken Important Part.
LONDON, Aug. 22. (Special.) The
Daily Mail's correspondent at Petro
grad telegraphs that the newspapers
containing the news of the victory of
i Concluded on Pare -. Column 4.)
AND BAR COMMITTEE WHO WELCOMED HIM YESTERDAY.
H. CARET. RECEFTIO. COMMITTEE.
Sunday's War Moves
THE naval battle In which German
and Russian warships have been
engaged for several days in the Gulf of
Riga has raultetd in the German fleet
withdrawing, after havine lost the bat
tle cruiser Moltke, three other cruisers
and seven torpedo-boats, according to a
statement credited " the President of
the Russian 1
This i-m'1,!.''
ormation con-
ce'-.-c. -o.n naval attack.
.p' ro4( -ertaken as a measure of
SV-N re1" -'or with the Teutonic land op-S'.-ions
in Courland and especially
against the important port of Riga. A
German report of Saturday announced
that the Russians had lost three small
warships, two gunboats and a torpedo
boat. Italy's declaration of war asainst
Turkey is expected . to have an al
most immediate effect on the Balkan
states, which still are debating which
side they will take in the conflict.
The relations between Italy and
Roumania for years have been exceed
ingly Intimate, and the opinion is ex
pressed in London that It is probable,
especially ir view of the threatening
attitude of the Germanic powers toward
Roumania because of her refusal to per
mit ammunition to pass through her
territory, that, now Italy has broken re
lations with Turkey, Roumania will
join the quadruple entente.
Bulgaria Is still waiting for the re
ply of Serbia to the suggestions of the
entente ministers that Serbia ced
Macedonia to Bulgaria, while Greece is
likely to declare her future policy when
the chamber meets this week. The
opinion is expressed in diplomatic cir
cles of the allies that it is significant
that M. Venizelos, who always has been
friendly to the entente, has decided to
take charge, in addition to the Grecian
Premiership, of the office of Minister
of Foreign Affairs.
With the inclusion of Italy among
Turkey's opponents in the war and the
former's well-known desire for expan
sion In the near East, the Balkan states
may consider that the time is ripe for
them to enter the field and secure for
themselves a share of what falls tt
the victorious group. It is for them t
decide which side is likely to win.
The continued retirement of the Rus
sian armies seems to have little In
fluence on the situation, the opinion
being expressed by military critics that
victory of the entente allies in th
Dardanelles would more than offset
this, so far as the near East is con
cerned, and the Franco-British forces
are increasing their efforts to force the
straits.
There Is little change in Poland and
the Baltic provinces. A big battle is
being fought -along the- Kovno-Vilna
railway and the River Niemen. This,
however, is of secondary Importance
to the movements against Brest-
Lltovsk.
The Austro-German forces are across
the rivers and roads both north and
south of the fortress, which is Invested
from three sides, and curiosity is
evinced as to whether Grand Duke
Nicholas, commander-in-chief of the
Russian forces, intends to defend it or
fall further back. For the moment he
is resisting the Austro-German ad
vance. but this may be only with rear
guards, which have been detailed to in
flict as much loss as possible on the
invaders and delay the progress of the
Teutons.
The Italians report slight progress
on all their fronts.
The War on August S3. 1814.
Japan officially declares war on Ger
many.
Italy makes arrangement to mobilize
army.
After a desperaetly fought battle.
lasting six days. Grand Duke Nicholas,
commander-in-chief of the Russian
army, reports a victory over three Ger
man corps in East Prussia.
British and French take offensive in
great battle that extends from Luxem
burg to Mons.
RIGHT Mil. TAFT AS HE AP
JEW WAR ACT HAY
LOWER GRAIN PRICE
Italy May Hasten Open
ing of Dardanelles,
FOREIGN BUYERS ARE WAITING
Forcing of Straits Would Re
lease Russian Crop.
CANADA IS FAVORED NOW
Americans Demand Gold, While Al
lies Have Credit in Dominions.
Spring Wheat Selling at Dis
count Over Winter Variety.
CHICAGO, Aug. 22. (Special.)
Declaration of war on Turkey by Italy
is Interpreted by the grain trade as
meaning an early opening of the Dar
danelles. Latest news from there is
more favorable for the reopening short
ly than any before, this time.
Should it occur it might easily cause
a reversal of all theories that the
grain trade has at present regarding
future supplies for Europe, and create
a competitor for the United States and
Canada, who have more than 600,000,000
bushels of wheat to sell this season.
Europe Lets Supply Run Low.
With Russian wheat available Inside
of two or three months its effect on
wheat prices is regarded as bearish.
That the largest European buyers
are allowing supplies to run below
normal is apparent from their attitude
of late, and they must be satisfied with
the prospects of securing them in lib
eral quantities later. They know that
America has a big surplus that can be
drawn on at any time, and appear will
ing to take a chance of securing re
quirements wrten actually needed.
Export purchases last week were fair,
but mostly for near-by shipment, as the
unsettled conditions of the foreign ex
change curtails selling for forward
shipment.
Preference Given Canada.
All indications at present are that,
barring unfavorable weather in the
Northwest for the Spring wheat crop.
which is more than two-thirds har
vested, according to latest advices from
there, the bulk of export business is
to be in Spring wheat, both American
and Canadian. The latter is expected
to be taken in preference to ours, as
the allies can use their credit, while
our exporters want gold berore the
grain is shipped.
Spring wheats are selling at a dis
count under Winters, and are more
attractive to buyers, as without rain
quality will be better.
Corn needs a lot of dry and hot
weather to force it to maturity by
October 16. Should frost hold off until
that date a crop of 3,000,000,000 bushels
is expected by the bears. With a
killing frost before the end of Sep
tember, there is no telling how large
a crop can be raised. Estimates range
from 2,430,000.000 to 3,000.000,000 bush
els, leaving plenty of latitude for op
erators on both sides.
Corn Situation la TunnsoaL
There are a few bullish traders who
believe the wheat figures too high.
The Southern and Southwestern crop
is about made south of the Southern
Kansas line. As .the South and tha
Southwest usually buy 'white corn at
this season but refuse to at present,
they must have new corn close at hand.
as wnite is at a discount, wnicn is
unusual.
SOLDIERS LEARN COOKING
British Open School Where Men Pre
pare Meals or Go HungTi.
LONDON, Aug. 21. The British "War
Office has taken advantage of the va
cation season in the city schools to turn
several of the buildings into cooking
schools, where 1500 soldiers are learn
ing elementary principles of the cull-
nary art There are 100 men billeted
n each building, and they must provide
their own food on the customary War
Office allowance of 40 cents a day. If
they cannot eat the meals they prepare
they must go without
To cook rapidly and well is an art
which can easily be acquired," says the
War Office manual, "and it Is an art
that every soldier should learn. At
least eight men in every company must
be taught to cut up meat and operats
field kitchens."
VIVIANI WILL EXPLAIN
French Cabinet Situation Delicate as
Secret Session Approaches.
PARIS, Aug. 22. All the morning
papers discuss guardedly the secret
session of the Chamber of Deputies set
for next Thursday, at which time, tt is
xpected. Premier Vivian! will person
llv eive the explanations demanded oy
the deputies concerning the conduct of
he war. The papers express me opin
ion ' that if the premier holds to his
resolution that the Cabinet stands or
falls together, not allowing the sing
ling out of auy minister for, attack, a
crisis- may be expected.
In piace of lis usual criticisms on the
sanitary service for the army, tli-i
newspaper L'Homme Enchalne, pub
lished by Georges Clemenceau, today
leaves a two and a quarter column
blank space, which is headed, "For the
Wounded," and signed "O. Clemenceau."
ft