THE jrORXIXO OEEGOXIA. TnUIlSDAT, AUGUST ID, 1915.
roartAxo. oaxGos.
' t't rvui oim rwwtnc a
...... - -rr bail".
Veaacrisuea Jtatse tasertaots'
tBr Maa.)
fare. StjjfJsr raeivdat. om r
ii4Ar til MMtKl ...
. J. I ifid; la -.u' 14. tare eBOatae
r .. a-iauar laoaa.. eoe saeal ....
ily. vtratit sia. eae ' ......
Sc:. ti:aitoe4tr.iuBi(li .-t-a...
vttiM: tare aMa&a
mm 7. ee y-er .......- VV
Suatier. eae rear
aca sa mil, eaa leaf
8y Cinwr.)
rsrr-e. 3us4ar tKi'.tf). eae year ..
lew I- IimH 4 roetoUVc. noaey sr.
S osi.raa rrr or itmul eases e jowr
Sea., stampe. cots e ti r are
i MHiifM nee. ul' eUese t
t tuit. im,i:i ceva.tr
rm aates is i i (tm I eeat: 1
t ci. . " r.r - . - 1 i . .....J ki
lO mO C4M COaia, 3 l ' -eKr... in im auu tun . v o
Icy. It may abandon all pretense of
blockade and mar treat all useful artl.
dee. as distinguished from luxuries, as
contraband when ultimately destined
for Germany. It might then place
Itself In a stronger position legally; It
would relieve itself of the expense of
compensating owners of roods which
are now non-contraband and it would,
by applying- the principle of continu
ous voyage, render Its war on German
commerce at least 'as effective as un
der the order In council.
MAaBTIG MONET.
Tee Summer school girls at Harvard
University who have pledged them
selves not to mary any man with less
than S-000 Income are not worthy
specimens of their sex. We very much
suspect that these mercenary girls are
the mythical creations of some writ
er's aberrant brain. Perhaps the sea
;j wi .. casta, grew dull. In default of anything else
' ""rTIW T.f"omr T,r-- a c.- exciting he upheaved this hoax from
irm, iin ti. New io arpm oi iui turoia imagination,
InwiK. resesata:ie. M. J. suaaeil. its
3fe-sef street.
Tfft EAPAT. ACC I. Ml.
Br declaring raw cotton absolute
contraband Britain has recognized the
v eakness of Its blockade policy against
crovany. It has attempted, by not
etrrrt-tng Its full rights against those
riiTMn port which It ran effectively
ilorkade. to induce neutral powers to
air a at clear Illegalities In the seizure
rf good destined by way of neutral
r suntrtcs for porta whfc h- it cannot
I icekade. It has assumed that qucs
t ms of International law ran be com.
I remised between Individual nations
tr between groups of nations. Sex-re-t
irjr Lansing proved the assumption
f Use by standing firmly on Interns
t enal law and by refusing to recog-
m any different law made by any
or more powers.
The Morkade Is effective aa-alrst
rran ports on the North Sea. but It
it Ineffective against German ports on
t te Haltlr. L nJer the law of continu
ous vnvage and under the agreement
ith the Dutch government. It Is also
fee-live as t go.d entering Germany
I rroLih Dutch ports. Since a North
u blockade would be worthies so
I- nt as Germany was free to receive
U at FUtthr ports by way of Mean-
o latUn rountrtrs. Hrltiln attempted
t Induce neutruj powers t. close their
c "re lr the tneffectivenes of her blork
a le of tUUh- ports by waiving her
r-fhl to ronfisrste non-contraband
r irgnes destined for Germany, either
firectty or through neutral countries,
aid tb shlpn carrying them. Neutral
untrtes refuse to consent to any such
compromise, as shown by Mr. Lan
S'ng's declaration. They lr.sUt on
rwpert for all thetr rights under ln
t vnatlonal law and are wilting to
irvce-ie t Eritaln alt the nghts that
eiurtry may exercise under that law.
To do otherwise would place all their
rights at the mercy of a belligerent.
They would In fact have no rights
hlch belligerents were bound to re
spect unless they rhose to maintain
t iok rights by fighting. Decision of
- I'SlIigrreni whether to respect neutral
rights would hinge on the question
e-hrther neutrals would fight and
i hether it was wise to a.td any par
t eulr neutral to the number of their
riemles. A neutrals would almost
irely have a quarrel with both bellig
erents on this score, their only re
course would be In form an armed
reutrallry league like that or i;&0 for
tie maintenance by force of neutral
r ghts against all assailants.
The British people are being
brought to realUe the weakness of
tleir position by the situation aa to
inter. Otton has become one of the
ivwt Important Ingredients of ammu
ittlon and Is an essential for military
tlothlnr Tet the Hague conference
rf ! declared It absolute non-contraband
and the London conference of
!- adopte-1 the Hague lists.
Neither the Hague treaty nor the Lon
don declaration has become operative.
Were they operative, the belligerents
would remain free lo transfer to the'
(ondltlonal contraband list articles
nscepttble of use for either peace or
war. or to add to the absolute eontra
tand list article which have become
exclusively used for war. In fact, the
I'racttre prevailing previous to 1)07 ts
still lawful. Kach belligerent decides
lor Itself which articles it will treat
i-a absolute contraband and w hich as
endttional contraband. The lists of
no two nations then agreed or now
agre.
The conditions under which the
j-reeent war Is carried on are such
that, each belligerent being free to
make Us own contraband list, they
may add to the absolute contraband
list the entire list of conditional con
traband and many commodities which
havs hltharto been treated us non
entrahaed. The entire mature tnan
bood of nations Is emplo)ed either In
the armies or In supplying the armies
with the requisites of warfare and a
large proportion of the women Is em
ployed In the latter manner. It may
reasonably be argued that discrimina
tion among articles rtasxed as condi
tional contraband between thus which
arc designe-l for the uses of war and
the which are designed for uses of
peace ! rn longer possible. A whote
sati-n being employed in the Army
er in suppljisg the Army, any com
wfodlty which would aid that cation In
continuing the struggle might be
treated as contraband. On that theory
II Useful articles would become con
traband and the attempted classifica
tion weuld be swept away.
Pntain might declare raw cotton
nd fod absotut contraband In ac
cordance with thts theory and wtth
IHe practice "Mch The Hague Con
ference and the London Conference
alrtv attempted to set astde. The
Jtrltiah government has until now heal
tted to do so as to cotton lesf It an-tag-rli
the cotton Interests of the
Vnited States, and as to foodstuffs lest
It ave color to the accusation that It
was tmnr to starve Germany. Seeing
large cargoes of cotton enter neutral
Girls as a rule are not unwilling to
marry ambitious young men of small;
means. The woman of normal dispo
sition relishes the thought of strug
gling and succeeding at her husband's
side. She does not want to receive
everything from htm. preferring to be
a real helpmeet Instead of a parasite
Current fiction has made It hardly less
than a sin for a poor young man to
marry rich girt, but that Is all non
sense. If two young people love each
other and have good health It matters
tittle bow poor or rich either of them
mar be when they marry.
Money la a trifling consideration
compared with the great essentials
and most girls are wise enough not to
overvalue It.
for the coal mining companies before
elevation to the bench, he might nat
urally be expected to hold prejudice,
and the counsel for defendants are
acting vatahln their rights In asking the
relief that should not be necessary.
DEVELOnNO RIVER TRAFFIC.
By appointing a committee on devel
opment of Columbia River transpor;
tation the Portland Chamber of Com
merce has taken a useful step towards
expanding the commerce of the port.
and. In Its ultimate consequences.
towards further extension of the navi
gable channel. The cardinal features
of the committee's programme are
eminently practical, and. if they are
successfully carried out. cannot fail to
stimulate traffic on the river.
That traffic cannot be economically
carried on unless river ports have
modern wharves with modern facili
ties for rapid loading and unloading.
It cannot grow to Important propor
tions unless good roads are con
structed from interior towns to river
ports. Formerly short lines of steam
Think what such an amount would
have done for the church to which he
belongs; think what It would have
done for the poor "ye have always
with you," as no doubt Father Gra
ham haa discovered many times.
It was pot a sane refusal. It was
all very well for the priest to decline
to be hampered with the care of he
money. But he did not have to as
sume the management of the fortune.
One stroke of the pen would have set
It aside as a permanent rift to some
great oause, some work that would
have meant much to humanity in
general, perhaps to Father Graham's
co-workers particularly and thus the
name of the benefactor would have
lived long In the land.
sTrrtD.AXD rtusc
There Is an organisation which
falsely calls Itself the American Inde
pendence Union of California. It haa
set out to educate the people of the
L'nlted (-tales aa to a proper foreign
policy In the present International
crisis. To that end it haa begun to
disseminate literature throughout the
country, taking for Its avenue the
hyphenated press. A recent offering
from the California organisation de-
voles Itself to an attack on President
Wilson and to an exposure of his rela
tions with certain great English finan
cial Interests, arranged through his
friend. Colonel House, and hit son-in-law.
Secretary McAdoo.
A paragraph from the so-called In
dependence Union's latest outgoing
will show Its amaxlng character:
Prertrfeftf W! le- sad preetonetr tnued a
PTwlamatloa savins that r-al nutra!ltjr re
ft II red bira to slop the eiportailon of arms
lata aiasiro. a:i of hl-h la a matter t
re"rs Put It aeffna that ha was sot his
t master, and he heard his masters
n!ce. or lha vol-st of Kn -In-law atrAdoo,
the Paar s-st-taterteuj, aaa . at.
Ileus tea a,ul-lr ehaosed his opinions:
iher hava aiaa ru.-l the t'abtnet; re
pealed tha Panama t'anal tolls; put the
rt p gal at tna iet in ine propo;i ion 10
merchant marine; rmiKhf lrn ana
There is some complaint here and
there over the country that public
librarians are too much disposed to
censor current literature. There is a
fever of censorship In the United States
and librarians are not immune to its
ravages. In their ardor to suppress
bad books," who knows how many
or trolley railroad would have been Duaoln geniuses tney may siay.- i
necessary. In these days a hard-sur- son,e minus an unusual dook is neces-
face road with easy grades wilt ena- f aariiy a bad one This criterion would
ble farmers and merchantable trans- nav exclude", .-union, tvoraswortn
port goods to and from the river by and Shelley In their day,
auto truck as economically as by rail
road, v I rne latest fashion in taking "straw
It has been claimed by railroad men votes" is to do It over The telephone.
that they ean carry traffic as oconom-Mr. Jones is called up and his views
Ically as steamboats. The basis for I flatly demanded. If he merely slams
this claim Is the fact that railroads I down the receiver he Is counted with
have continually adopted every eco- I the negative, so there is no escape for
nomlcal Improvement as It has ap-hlm. "Straw votes" have become more
peared. while river steamboats and popular since the telephone came to
river wharvea In this country have their aid. There la talk of using the
made little progress In fifty years, tier- I same handy appliance in real elections.
many has built up a large inland water If there were some way to Identify the
traffic; by doing as Germany docs. Ore- voter, we see no objection.
gon can do likewise. To do so re
quires establishment of modern tug When Governor Slalon commuted
European War Primer
By Katlonal Geographical Socley.
N1
and barge tines on the upper river and I Frank's sentence it was freely pre-
of fleets of barges, lighters and tugs dieted that Georgia would one day
at Portland and other lower river repent of Its wrath and do him honor
ports for transfer of cargo between I for his deed. There are as yet no signs
river and ocean vessels. If to these I of the state's repentance. On the cou-
be added co-operation between pro- trary, time makes its wrath grow
ducers and marketers, the chain will hotter and the ex-Governor is warned
be complete. by high officials not to so back home
Provided the upper river ports do I lest Frank's fate befall him. The bad
their part In furnishing wharves and I sister seems to revet In her sins.
roads of the chsracter described, there
should be no difficulty in finding capl- Whatever crimes John R. Lawson
tal for the tug and barge lines. Capl- may have committed, he is entitled to
tai goes wnere mere is pront in signt. a. fair trial before an unprejudiced
When the communities bordering on judge. The Colorado Supreme Court
the river had proved their confidence has therefore acted with obvious lus-
m tnetr own proposition oy backing tlce In granting him another hearing,
it wun uieir money, capital would be were the Rockefeller Interests always
inspires wun connoence to oaca n allowed to nominate the Judges who
further with the river craft. are to try their enemies. Justice might
lose purity for the sake of speed.
rtzzuxc tub rotrnciAxn.
Politicians are' greatly perplexed
Lynchings are always to be deplored.
which way to jump these days, for I but, granting that there had to be one.
woman keeps them guessing. Two Is- it is a pity that the Georgia mob
sues are Die cause, and In a certain chose Its victim with so little sense.
sense they are twins. These are nro- Instead of hanging Thaw, who Is
hibltion and woman suffrage. They known to be a murderer, it lyncned
h... v. n n t,A e-nne V, I Krnnlc who as llkelv an not. ! Inno-
iro him oat of the iaMnei: mad us w j women, the great majority of whomlcent. The best of intentions seldom
emr an si:j. roi a eassai oi r.ns:aaa. aw
that me orta snows that EneisnH eon
trta our foreign poller, and her newspapers
edlfrtai! tell ua hat to do. and sh does
aa sh pleasea alti our eltliena and com
merce. ono we now know that It ts lh
result of the Srllherata work of R. V. tfooeo
ant tha Interests thai he repreeeata. Pear
sons. Lord Cowdray, Wail fctree! and Me
Adoo latsresta aad thetr aasodataa.
The Impudence and offenalvenese of
this performance are exceeded only by
Its extraordinary stupidity, lo say
nothing of Its unquestionable falsity.
The Orogonlan will mako no com
ment further than to aay such enemies
of Woodrow Wilson, pursuing such
methods, will make his re-election a
certainty.
.. . seldom made fun without a
inrir uirimmi uenrin-iEion- tnun I .
r.ewspapcrs hive been ctamorlng to
have cotton placed on the contraband
list. The Government Is assailed at
Iinme w-.tn the charge that Its modi
fied blo.-ka.le ts Ineffective and by the
United States with the charge that the
felackavle ts Illegal. Its attempt to
cosctliate neutrals by exerclalcir less)
taaa its rtgnts In one direction in the
liipe that it might bo permitted to
exceed its rights In another direction
haa eonsplcqraosly failed. The London
rviromcle atataw the situation In a nut
shell when it says:
HaS lesaTt'e rs teiera ta'e-ahio to ems
w i-ie thaa tnUU Ulecalitr. Our errt ts It
prwveot eetlea rm to Oarwiaar As that
eat Pa suns eff-tletv hy Seelartat eotton
euteahao. sappe-nentetf he tha prloetple
spslimss saasa, tha Ooraaeat's
eoaraa la eloar.
By plas-ier cotton on tha contraband
fst tha British iwrniawi may have
taaaaraxad a rascal c&f of pcl-
Ai:ICAX HTMOR.
Max Adeler. who died a few days
ago, was one of the old-time Ameri
can humorists. His true name was
Charles Heber Clark, but the public
hardly ever heard or saw it. i Max
Adeler he won his modest renown and
earned the affection of newspaper
readers by his Jibes and Jests. The
particular kind of funmaking of which
he was master I no longer lo fashion
The column of Jokes all written by the
same hand, the weekly page of hu
morous sketches, have been succeeded
by other appeals to our mirthfulneas.
There Is the wise dialogue such as Mr,
Dunne has faithfully provided for
these many years. There Is the daily
poem, usually of astonishing finish
and point. There Is .the column of
paragraphs full of shrewd observa
tion on life. But the old style of
American newspaper humor has had
Its day and given place to something
else. The newer mode may be better
than the old. Some say that the
humor of Max Adeler's time was like
dancing In a pig trough and peeking
through a horse collar. They call It
"slapstick humor."
Our humor has become sophisticated
and. perhaps it ha been Improved
since the time of Bill Nye. Peck's Bad
Boy. Brother Gardner of the Detroit
Free Press and Opie Read's contribu
tions to the Arkansas Traveler. But
there waa a great deal of wholesome
strength in the older variety. It made
us laugh and grow tat. iucn is more
than some of our pallid modern fun
makers can do. Perhaps we have not
so much heart for laughing now as we
had In those primitive times, when the
country was new and hope had re
reived few checks from experience.
The disposition to accept rebuffs with
a humorous tolerance grew Into a Na
tional trait for which we loved and
praised ourselves. But the Nation
which alwajs smiles when its toes are
trodden on Is apt to find people walk
ing on Its prostrate body In the course
of time. The sense of humor of which
we had boasted to much wakened after
a while to a conviction that we were
being Imposed upon In a thousand
til which no other country would
have endured unless force obliged It to
submit. With this awakening our Na
tional humor soured a tittle. It de
voted Itself to cynical paragraphs,
free verse of the sort to be
read In the "Spoon River Anthology"
and satirical plays like "The Easiest
Way" and "Within the Law,
Our humor haa always been some
what biting. Kven In Mark Twain it
stings rather than soothes. Bill Nye
sub-
stratum of add comment upon Instttu
tlons. When the otd-tlme humor
lacked this acidity It usually became
coarse, as we see It in Mr. Spoopen
dyke and Peck's Insufferable Bad Boy.
More pretentious humorous works
such as Oliver Wendell Holmes' "Auto
crat' books and Lowell's "Blgelow Pa
pers" always pointed their Jokes at
decadent Institutions of some sort.
Very likely the critics will finally de
cide that all this was wit rather than
humor. Our funmakers have usually
been more nearly akin to Caxlyle the
scold than to Charles Lamb with his
sunshine. '
favor both, though promoting each save a mob from being cbsurd as well
separately. Those politicians who put I as criminal
success before principle cannot Indorse
either without antagonizing the per-I A srroun of 311 men who graduated
, sonal liberty and liquor men, and they I from Harvard in 1909 now earn an
cannot easily guess on which side are I average annual Income of 12114 each,
the most votes. I Four of them who are publishers earn
Prohibition has made such strides $3312 each. Twenty financiers make,
In the last two years that many are together.. 357,350 a year, while thirty
guessing in its favor. There are seven who are teachers make only
eighteen prohibition states and nine of $60,500. Finance barely misses paying
these voted dry in 1914 and 1915. The twice as well as education,
Federal constitutional amendment
scored a majority of two in the House. The EsperanUsta are making great
tnougn u laneo or submission ror lacx preparations for their . meetings to
of a two-thirds .majority. Congress I comt oB ia few days at San Fran-
nas passed a drastic liquor law ror trie cgc0. Tne adepts in this international
District of Columbia, and prohibition iansuaes say that their number now
In the capital was prevented only by exceeds the combined populations of
a tecnnicaiity in me senate, wasn- Denmark, Greece, Belgium and Swit
ington expects to be dry in two years jeriand. It te easy to learn and 1U
ny act or i-ongress, tne people naving usefulness is undeniable.
nothing to say about it
As between prohibition and suffrage,
the lines are crossed. Seven Southern
There is a parallel between Napoleon
anH Vn.n Qhl ITfil fe,, (liflH la ino
States have gone dry. not because the Lerlou8 naAr. Both' attoJne(j absolute
white man has given up his toddy but
because he wishes to keep liquor away
from "the nigger." The two border
states of Tennessee and West Virginia
have gone dry for much the same rea
son. Jn Kentucky, greatest producer
of whisky, 10$ counties are dry and 14
wet. while South Carolina has 30 dry
and 14 wet and Oklahoma has 77 dry-
counties and makes drunkenness cause
for Impeachment.
power at the close of revolutions, but
Napoleon reached the throne after a
career of conquest, while Yuan seems
likely to reach it after signing a hu
miliating treaty with Japan. -
The American dollar will yet rule
the world's trade, provided it la backed
up by the physical Btrength of the
American Nation. Otherwise some
and cozy, as trim and as indiffer
ent to what went on in the world
as a seaside vacation resort well might
be. Ostend. up the coast to the north,
strove for the correct cosmopolitan air,
the high-tension vivacity proper for
the modern, go-ahead Summer resort,
and left to little Nieuport-Bains, 13
miles down the strand, the business
of being a rest-cure, and an abode of
peace. For nearly a year now shells
have been screaming: through this still
retreat.
Nleuport, where the great battle lines
through France and Flanders rest tne
flanks upon the North Sea sands, lies
two miles southwest of the bathing: re.
sort. Here is the terminus for the rai
way from Dlxmude, a brisk morning'
walk distant. The beach shelves ou
very slowly, and at low tide the waters
slip back for a great stretch, while the
prevalent west wind drives the uncov.
erel sands Into dunes, or whirls them
into the little cottages back from th
shore. The Yser, that most contested
of tiny streams, runs Just to the north
of the resort, and Its waters provided
excellent fishinfT for the reflective
Summer guests who passed by Ostend
to the south.
Nieuport-Bains was quite a modern
resort, lis foundation going back only
to 1SS9. It possessed a fine pier, ex
tending from the mouth of the Tser
1500 yards out to sea. and from a cats
that stood nearby fine views could be
obtained of Dunkirk and Ostend, those
two towns that now might just as well
be in separate planets for all the com
munlcatlon that is possible between.
them.
SOCIAX
BETTKnaEEXT THEORT
TAKING OVER MI-'VERAfj LA.XD9
rj v- n.mner.1. In Southern I ouicr nation, snorx oi money put. long
dry' atatea oppose woman suffrage ror on physical strength, will come over
he same reason that they support pro. I u m...
h Ihl rlnn hM-stiK of 1 1 hpsrlne rn the I '
ro. n,.A.tir. Th r.r fh.t h. an. As there 1 an Impression that one
franchising negro women as well as only needs to pick a living off the trees
negro men In the black belt. It would "i,na "l orviuu,.
.nhnc th. dlfflrultv of keenlne- the excite surprise. Perhaps the people
ne i hi. r.in. R..fTrn oHt. re. are too exhausted by fighting to pick
ply that in nine of the fifteen Southern tho "I raust have lt Put ln thelr
States having a large negro population
white women outnumber the total ne
gro population and that In the entire
mouths.
Premier Gounaris, of Greece, "lasted
So..th there aro i ooo 000 more w rhita quick" after the new Parliament had
women than nerro men and women opportunity to exprea its opinion or
combined, nesro women outnumberlnr "aa uajb tor peace
white women In Mississippi and South cabinets ln Europe
Carolina alone. Tha suffraara amend
ment mleht fall of early ratification The men who went into prnnes ln
through rejection by the fifteen South- Clarke County a quarter century ago
e.rn States, but the odds are with the d stayed with them are doing very
suffragists, for a state can reconsider well this year. The crop is estimated
rejection but cannot reconsider ratlfl- to net. sjju.uuu
cation.
Kurrrage was defeated in the House I That quake on the border yesterday
at the last session by a vote of 204 to morning waa Intended to Jog the taxy
174. which la 78 less than the neces- sleepers into activity, a sort or auo-
sary two-thirds, but It will have many terranean affair not charged to uer-
more friends In the new Congress. It I mans.
finds more favor amonar Republicans
than among Democrats, for 30 per cent I Alabama lynched two negroes within
of the Democrats voted for and 0 per I ten miles of Montgomery yesterday-
cent against the amendment, while 69 and all the blacks were charged with
per cent of the Republicans supported I was poisoning mules.
and 38 per rent opposed It
What a bloodthirsty official is tne
Mayor of Atlanta, who attempts to
condone the crimes of the Frank
lynchers,
not immediately be made to pay it
mifrht lie there for years with only
light taxes to be paid upon It and still
contain (be richest mineral lodes in the
state, were the opprrtunity only given
fjor thttir prater development.
Furthermore, the average prospector
cannot afford to pay out directly an
amount of money necessary to purchase
a mining claim whenever he finds
prospect. Every great mine must have
at one time been a prospect, but every
prospect does not make a mine. There-
tore, should he be unable to make
pay. it would be well to let lt again
be open to relocation. Purchase of the
ground would forbid this, while tempo
rary location would not.
It is for these reasons I still believe
the Federal Government should take
over the mineral lands of the laml
f grant and protect them from immedf
ate sale. In the bands of Individuals or
companies they might stand Idle for
years, but when once under supervision
of the Government they are oven at all
times to the prospector, and. where a
field for labor Is left open, the devel
opment of Oregon's mineral resources
may be assured.
WADE V. LEWIS.
It would seem that a nice sene of
decency would prevent Judge Hilljer
from presiding at trials growing out
of th Colorado coal strikes without
aa order from th Supreme Court of
th( state to rrvlnMt him- Aa attorney
SI3.aee.aas BKQltsT SITRNED.
lt seems like a fairy' tale to tell
about a man refusing a bequest of
$15,000,000. a bequest with no
strings" whatever attached to it. All
h had to do was to sign the papers.
take over the money and spend it as
he pleased. And yet Father William
Graham, of St. Patrick's Church In
A recall election is much like mar
riage before the days of easy divorce.
Once ln, one can't get out.
Continued talk of conscription In
to
Pittabur'g. Pa, turned down a bequest p1 Bf"1" te preparing the way
of that amount left to him aa next of tho inevitable.
kin by an uncle In Australia.
It seems that almost anybody could
find use for a "pot of money" like
that. But Father Graham says, "I
have no desires to add to my burdens
wealth that would bring no satisfac
tion; I have enough for my needs, and
I am nearly SO. Give It to relatives
w ho need It."
It seems that a man refusing such
a gift must be lacking in Ideals. Al
most everybody has at one time or
another had "dreams" of what he
would do If he should come into a
large sum of money. More than likely
Father Graham, at least when a
youngster, had such "dreams." But
he must hsve forgotten them. Later
in lire, after assuming his clerical
robes, he must have had "dreams" ss
to what he would do for the church
were he to fall into possession of great
wealth. If he had he has forgotten
them, for he has spurned the means
that could have mada them a reality.
A German submarine sank a Span
ish steamship yesterday Just to irri
tate Alfonso.
Zeppelins again are trimming the
English coast, with a few incidental
casualties.
Less than two weeks In which to
make up a big deficiency in Oregon
rainfall.
Germans are only E50 miles from
Petrograd, a striking distance for
them.
Thistles are scattering their seeds
and somebody is neglecting a duty.
Haitien rebels can see their finish in
harassing foreigners.
The Beavers are bumping the bot
tom. -
Wade V. Lewis Presents Argument 1
Dlapoaltloa of O. fc C. Lands.
PORTLAND. Aug. 16. (To the Ed
itor.) The writer appreciates H. N.
Laurie's most comprehensive explana
tlon of his plan regarding the disposi
tion of mineral lands within the Oregon
& California Company's grant lands as
presented in The Sunday Oregonian
August 15, in reply to my friendly
criticism one week previous. Mr. Lau
riss plan shows thought and study and
I believe we will all agree he brings
out some excellent points relating to
the disposition of hydro-electric, sites.
agricultural, grazing, and waste lands,
and the mineral lands non-metal in
character.
There Is one point, however, to which
I wish to call attention as undesirable
namely, that the mineral lands contain
ing metals such as gold, sliver, copper
and lead be sold directly to Individuals
or companies In tracts of land either
large or small. According to the plan
set forth the mineral lands are "to be
sold to the highest bidder in no more
than 2560-acre tracts."
Mineral lands are one of the princi
ple sources of a nations wealth and
when sold directly to individuals they
are taken .out of the public field for
metal prospecting. In other words,
when a tract of mineral-bearing
ground Is purchased by any person, all
others must abstain from prospecting
upon It because It then becomes private
property. When it is a part of the pub
lic domain it Is a .field for labor open
to all who desire to search for precious
metals.
In the course of his communication
Mr. Laurie makes this statement: "It
is my opinion that the metal prospector
would be assisted more by being able
to acquire Immediate title to such land
that he finds valuable for its metal
content, than be forced to comply wtth
the legal requirement!) of doing yearly
assessment work of $100 on each and
every claim 30 acres In extent." As a
matter of fact, the law only requires a
cut or excavation 10 feet long. 6 feet
deep and 4 feet wide yearly on .each
mining claim 600 feet wide and 1500
feet in length, or 20 acres in extent
It appears to the writer that if the
prospector is not willing to do this
amount of work annually upon his
claim of 20 acres, if the mineral values
found therein do not warrant an exca
vation of this size in shaft or tunnel
which usually takes but a few days for
actual labor (except In extremely hard
rock formations), if ho cannot spend If
necessary two weeks out of the whole
year in doing the small amount of
work required by law, then I say let
him vacate the ground and give some
other person a chance to develop It.
This is the natural result when the as
sessment work required by law is not
done. It Is taken as evidence that the
ground cannot be made to pay for Its
mineral values and is open to reloca
tion again by any who may so desire.
In this way the development of the
state's mineral resources would not be
retarded should the land In question
revert to the Government. Whereas,
were these lands to be once sold di
rectly to individuals or companies, then
the opportunity of the prospector ever
to discover mineral on them Is forever
taken away. Those In possession of
the ground would retain it regardless
of whether it really was paying ln min
eral values, and no law would compel
the owners to do any development work
In order to hold title to it. If it could
Many Attempts Xea to Rain, Says C
E. Wnlalar, f Medford.
MEDFORD, Or- Aug. 17. "(To the
Editor.) While it may be questionable
whether a state constitution should de
prive a State Legislature of the privi
lege of passing minimum wags laws, as
is being advocated by William Barnes
and others of the New York constitu
tional committee, yet the issue Is cer
tainly worthy of some careful consid
eration. The complaint of the prophet
of old that "My people perish for want
of knowledge'' is ever true, and If some
means eould be provided whereby they
could be saved from themselves their
social welfare would truly be enhanced.
While civilized nations "are acting on
the theory that the welfare of the citi
zen is the concern of the state." they
are doing many foolish things in a
futile endeavor to promote that wel
fare. Social betterment always was and al
ways will be the concern of the state,
but many an attempt at social better
ment has only been proved to be but
a short cut to social ruin. Social bet
terment through a minimum wage
when given a local application can
bring but one answer, and that is
financial and social disaster.
lt must be conceded that the cost of
labor affects the cost of production;
that the cost of production affects the
selling price: that the selling price af
fects the consumption: that the con
sumption of the article produced af
fects the industry which employs la
bor ln its production; that competition
affects profit; that every article in the
whole world la in competition with
every other article of like nature, and
that the lowest price asked fixes the
standard of value.
Therefore if the industries of one lo
cality are compelled to offer their
products of labor at a higher price
than is the same article from some
other locality, the law of self-interest
on the part of the consumer soon puts
the industry out of business which
trying to operate under this handi
cap, and labor finds itself unemployed
at any wage, and thus social ruin re-
suits from a foolish attempt at social
betterment along theoretical, visionary
and impractical lines.
It is rather far fetched to say that
minimum wage laws follow as a nat
ural sequence to education at public
expense." In the case of education the
one paying for it, whoever it may be,
is supposed to get value received: but
the use or consumption of an ar
ticle that has been manufactured un
der a minimum wage, the party payin
for Jt does not get value received, pro
vided the same article oould have been
purchased at a lesa price and which
is almost Invariably the case.
For government to fix the price of
labor through a minimum wage is t
fix the cost of the article produced
therefore, the government should com
pel Industry to produce at a give
price, it at once becomes incumbent
upon the government to guarantee tha
price plus a reasonable profit to th
industry, otherwise capital is robbed
its opportunity, and self-interes
under the theory that "a bird in th
hand is worth two in the bush" puts
money ln the bank, buys cheap bond
or lets it out at low interest; as a re
sult industry languishes, labor Is out
of employment and minimum wag
clearly proved to be- but a boomerang.
The public appears in that silly po
sition of inviting capital to promote in
dustry, but is filling the air with
boomerangs, and then appears to won
der at industrial stagnation.
Is it any wonder that men with good
business sagacity and common sense
view with alarm the prevalent ten
dency of the people to destroy them
selves through freak legislation and
that they will endeavor to put some
virtue into the constitution that will
safeguard public welfare? What else
s the committee for? What is the con
stitution for? C. E. WHISLER.
.Twenty-Five Year Ago'
PORTLAND INSPIRES SOUTHERNER
.Runs ta Cribbaxe.
PORTLAND, Aug. 17. (To the Ed
itor.) Kindly give authority for an
swer to "Constant Reader" in issue of
August 14 regarding runs ln cribbage.
I maintain that B Is right when he
claims a run of six and that there is no
run of 2-3-4, as the 6 following the 2
breaks the run. The cards as played
are 1-6-2-4-1-5 and there Is no run
completed until the 5 is played and that
S or T If played following the 5 would
continue the run. An answer through
your paper win oe appreciated.
CR1BBAGE FAN."
There is no run, because the cards
were not played ln sequence. In order
to count a run the cards should have
been played: 1-2-3-4-5-6 or 6-5-4-3-2-1.
Even according to your Interpretation
of the rules A would have no run, for
the 6 broke the run.
Yes.
CHERRTVILLE. Or., Aug. 16. (To
the Editor.) Please state if a home
steader has a right to sell his home
stead after making final proof, all be-
ng found O. K. at local land office.
without patent from United States
Land Office. READER.
Perfectly Proper.
Motor Age.
I am afraid this comnanv is dninar
Fusinees on an inflated Capital!"
tes.-but then it deals in automobile
tires."
San Antonio, Tex., Visiter Finds Mneh
Worthy of Comment.
PORTLAND. Aug. 17. (To the Ed
ltor.) As a resident of the grand Lone
Star State I do not wish to depart from
rortlantL without ottering my tribute
of praise for the many attractions, the
amazing beauty of these fir-crowned
hills that nature has assembled for
our beautiful homes and the Joy and
delight of tourists from distant states.
My appreciation is not so much for the
ne streets so gloriously electrified
at night, your stately architecture, the
almost perennial rose bloom, which in
the wondrous beauty of your Spring
Festival Moore might have rhapsodized
over as he did about the Vale of Cash
mere in "Lalla Rookh" perfect as
these all are Portland Oregon seems
to have the premier Summer climate of
the Pacltic Coast.
The past two weeks have been so de.
lightful to me. 'twould be a privilege
linger forever. The temperature
most of the time is so pleasantly cool
even in full sunshine, that one may
walk many blocks without fatigue. Al
though by reason of age I have lost
out as a worker, my strength and en
ergy are so rejuvenated that were it
not that I might disturb the home la
bor market, I would go out and hustle
for a job. I am perfectly resigned for
the other fellow to work, while enjoy
ment Is mine for every holy hour of
my visit. And may the hours length
en to days and weeks.
We In the South have heard much of
the excessive rainfall ln Oregon; that
it "rains most of the time, even ln
Summer." In such respect I surely am
happily disappointed. Surely one can
well bear the Winter rains, which are
so highly valuable, knowing the Sum
mer will be dry and free from the al
most unbearable heat wave in states
far inland during July and August.
What a glorious future Portland will
have, surrounded by imperial valleys
whose products will go to many states
and countries over seas. San Antonio.
Tex., is largely supplied with Oregon
apples ln Inter. . ,
So far my Jaunts around the city
disclose some new, novel and wonder
fully pleasing features. In all my trav
els I have never seen such a combina
tion of art, architecture, engineering
with nature ln all her glory so near
to a great city, close in. as displayed
on Mount Tabor, Council Crest and last,
but more fairly thrilling, my climb up
into wasningion or uity arK, on Sun
day.
All of Central Park, New York, or
Fairmount, Philadelphia, is not sucb
a wonder and delight to the jaded man
from far Southwest as the vista
buena vista, from the roof of Wash
ington Park, encircled, by heights
whose fir-clad summits stand forever
as nature's sentinels over the queen
city of the Pacific.
For the second time I have made The
long Journey in part to gaze on that
chef d'ouvre ln bronze, "The Coming of
tho White Man." It commemorates an
epic in American history almost Ho
merian, eloquent of a romantic past.
prophetic of Portland's assured fu
ture when America's merchant marine
comes to its own and the ships from
Portland will sail the seven seas, lou
will have over 1.000,000 population by
1930, for, as Emerson, with prophetic
vision, wrote, 50 years ago:
r hear the tread of pioneers, of nations yet
to be;
The first low wash of human waves.
Where soon shall roll a human sea.
The Pacific for Portland's commerce
will be an "American lake," as Lewis
Cubs expressed it in 1850. Benton:
There is the East, there is India.
JOHN A. WTT.T.KV,
San Antonio.
Prom The Oregonian of Aurust 10. 1S90.
Washington-Oregon fares better in
the river and harbor bill than ever
before. With Mr. Hermann on the
House committee and Mr. Dolph on the
Senate committee, the state .stands
third in the list.
If anyone wishes to form an idea
of the amount of business carried on
In Portland he should spend an hour
or so on the upper roadway of tha
Steel bridge during the afternoon and
watch the switch engines at work ln
the terminal grounds, and the teams
coming and going with freight. At
least half a dozen engines can be seen
at work as busy as nailers almost any
time. It may be set down for a fact
that there is more business going on
aroupd the railroad sards hero than
ln the yards of all the other cities of
the Northwest.
Teams were passing backward and
forward over the washed gravel on
Front street yesterday and everybody
seemed happy and business flowed like
a river. The clay which raised Cain
when it was wet made plain sailing
for everybody when lt got dry. lt is
devoutly to be wished that nothing
more may be heard of a stoppage of
traffic again and that no more people
.will ask for washed gravel streets..
Narva, Russia. Today being the fes
tival of the patron saint of the Pre
obraskeneky regiment, the Czar and
Emperor William of Germany attended
divine services in camp and afterward
in the church. In the- evening a ban
quet was given in honor of the vis
itors. London. Davis Dalton, an American,
has accomplished the feat of swim
ming the English Channel from Gris
Nez to Folkestone on his back in 23 4
hours. He finished strong. A boat
acted as pilot to the swimmer.
From all sections of Oregon and
Washington come reports of unex
ampled yields of wheat of the very
finest quality. The probability of a
good price for the season's crop and
consequent prosperity have made
farmers correspondingly jubilant.
Half a Century Ago
From The Oregoulan. Aurust 10, 1665.
The rebel ex-Governor Harris, it ap
pears, has escaped to Mexico. Another
seditious villain flying from the knives
which he sharpened against his coun
try and its laws.
City Marshal Hoyt is making a busi
ness of arresting persons for fast driv
ing. It is a violation of a city ordi
nance to drive faster than at a rate of
six miles per hour. Why this ordi
nance has not been enforced ln past
times is only a mystery.
A Drettv little srirl of about five Sum
mers was lost from her ''parents on
Thursday evening In this city. When
missed there was considerable excite
ment following the announcement,
which led to a thorough search for her.
When found she had wandered about a
mile from her parents, who are new
comers to the state.
We are informed that Colonel Curry,
commanding the military department.
has issued orders for the abandonment
of Fort Walla walla by the united
States troops. The troops from Walla
Walla will be sent, lt is said, to points
from whence they can operate more
readily and efficiently against the In
dians.
Masters of vessels inform us that
there is a shoal of about 2i feet in
leneth at the mouth of this river which
should receive the first attentions of
tha dredeer. It is soft bottom and can
easily be removed in a short time.
Fort Laramie For the 16 days end-
ine June 30. 1865, 2227 teams passed
Junction Overland Mail Road bound
West. The number of horses, mules
and oxen and other cattle with these
teams is nearly 18.000. Nearly as many
passed for the 14 days ending June 14.
And during the month of May over
5000 teams and 40,000 head of stock
passed the same point bound West- It
will not take many years at this rate
to erect states on the broad prairies ef
the West and build cities on the slopes
of the Rocky Mountains.
CITY FAILS IN SMALL THINGS
One f the "Little People" Among Vis
itors Points Ont Few.
PORTLAND, Aug. 18. (To the Edi
tor.) An article in your paper of Au
gust 18, entitled "City is Losing Out."
s of especial interest to me because.
as a tourist, I belong to the great mass
of "little people" who stop at the small
hotel3, eat at cafeterias and ride on
streetcars. It is very impolite for a
guest to find fault, but since Mr. H. H.
Haynes has introduced the subject. I
would suggest that It would add to
our convenience if the street signs
were more numerous and uniformly
isplayed. There are also many places
In the city where tree advertising of
parks, public buildings, etc., might be
most profitably distributed.
Portland is indeed a beautiful city.
So far as I know, tourists are favorably
Impressed, except that a few are think
ing that the people are too slow. Some
of them when they go away will carry
this impression with them as a souvenir
of the city.
As a single illustration: I arrived
here on a 3:30 P, M. train from Seattle.
My attention was attracted to a fine,
large sign at the Union Station giving
the direction to the Y. W. C. A. aa
Seventh and Taylor streets. Naturally,
when I looked for Seventh and Taylor
could net find it because a year or
more ago Seventh street was changed
to Broadway, ln order to keep up with
the times, why did not the Y. W. C A.
change their sign?
This is only a little incident, but a
few experiences like this are confusing,
especially to people wno are not es
corted by the Chamber of Commerce.
However, as I leave your city, I shall
try to forKet these little annoyances.
They are as nothing compared to the
pleasure derived from my visit here.
After all, it is infinitely better to be
too slow than to be noisy and bom
bastic in exaggerated praise of Port
land. This spirit, so noticeable in
eisrhboring cities, is absent here. You
are to be congratulated.
MISS CECILS ESTY.
New Hotel Green.
Corroborative Detail.
Washington Post.
It doesn't follow that a man is
serious simply because he Is always
sending a girl sweets and conserves."
"I don't know about that. I should
take such presents aft a candled ex
pression." t
Question For
Manufacturer s
Mr. Manufacturer, what per
centage of your advertising is
going to the places where you
actually have distribution?
Is part of your appropriation
covering places where there is
never even the remotest hope of
distribution?
If so, you have not brought
your campaign to a basis of
highest profit.
Advertising can be directed as
surely as rifle shots by the news
paper route, and by that route
only.