TITE MOIiNTXG OREGONIAN. TnURSDAT, JtTLT 29, 1915
FORTLASD. OBEGOK.
Entered at Portland. Oregon. Postofflc as
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PORTLAND, THURSDAY. JULY 9, 1815.
READY FOR A NATIOX DBYT
There has been much of late to en
courage the prohibition enthusiast
Into belief that "the time nationally to
outlaw the liquor traffic has arrived"
and that the movement may gain even
world-wide momentum. War's neces
sities have abolished or restricted
drinking in several European coun
tries, nineteen states in America have
gone dry, while seven provinces in
Canada either have temperance leg
islation In effect or are facing its
seemingly irresistible progress.
But it Is not always safe to place
reliance on an upward tendency in
prohibition. Possibly no other move
ment can disclose as remarkable a
record of ups and downs. Nor is Its
history wholly modern. The Cartha
ginians barred intoxicants from their
camps. Had wars then been conduct
ed on as national a scope as now, their
prohibition would have been quite as
revolutionary as Russia's inhibition
against vodka. China was the orig
inal prohibition nation, if Oriental
traditions are to be credited, for there
was an energetic Emperor in ancient
times who ordered all the vines in the
flowery kingdom uprooted in an effort
to stamp out drinking. Today Chinese
gin is one of the most potent of
known intoxicants, and some of the
old Carthaginian colonies are en
gaged in nothing but winegrowing.
In modern times a prohibition wave
of even greater comparative propor
tions than the one we are now wit
nessing t swept over America. About
the middle of the last century twelve
stares in all had prohibition laws. But
in some of them the' trial of prohibi
tion was only nominal. In others it
was almost wholly Ineffective. None
clung to the principle without a set
back except Maine. But the states that
adopted prohibition then were among
the most populous in the Union'and
included a much greater proportion
of the entire population than do the
present nineteen dry states.
In testing the permanency of pro
hibition today, however, it cannot be
overlooked that the principle is bet
ter fortified than ever before.
Throughout its experimental stage
various important things have been
learned about its enforcement; the
constitutional errors that invalidated
earlier statutes have been learned or
courts have acquired a different view
of the meaning of liberty; some of.
the loopholes in interstate commerce
have been closed by Congressional
acts, and perhaps of equal importance
is the transition of the prohibition
question from almost' wholly a moral
and sentimental Issue to an economic
one.
The second great prohibition wave
in America, too, has been more firmly
built up on the foundation of local op
tion. True, local option is an older
plan than state prohibition in this
country. , It was first adopted in In
diana in 1832, but as a general force
it did not prevail strongly until the
-recession of the prohibition wave in
the middle of the last century. It is
remarked by the New York Evening
Post that under local option there
grows up a new generation to which
drinking is strange, which knows of it
only by the benefit of its absence. The
new generation is a power to be reck
oned with in a later vote on state pro
hibition. This is undoubtedly a sound conclu
sion as to communities where there
has been effective law enforcement.
But to the new generation In a local
option community the evils of the
open saloon are also strange. If it is
confronted by blind pigs and boot
legging, it is quite as likely to turn to
license and regulation for relief as to
state prohibition. Doubtless the fail
ure of prohibition law enforcement
was mainly responsible for the reces
sion of prohibition in the last century.
The states that have recently adopted
prohibition have quite generally had
fairly effective local option. i
Just as the progress of state prohi
bition has been built up on local op
tion, probably National prohibition
Villi 'become sufficiently popular to
gain approval only when the larger
form, of local option has demonstrated
its effectiveness. The relation of the
Nation to the state is the same as the
relation of the state to the smaller
unit which was permitted to elect
whether it should be dry or wet. The
state had to be made ready for pro
hibition and it had to have a demon
stration that prohibition would pro
hlbit. There is good reason to doubt that
'the country is prepared for National
prohibition. There are actually but
two states that supply a criterion as
to what may be accomplished with
are relatively small in urban popula-
: it ... ,nirA- - - J 1 .1
information which, even when favora-
, ble to enforcement, is not conclusive.
In the South prohibition is tied up
of the state unit3 have applied Na
. tlonal local option. With them as a
whole it is still experimental, and Na-
' tional prohibition, unless established
- upon a solid foundation, will inevita
bly yield to reaction.
In proposing a constitutional amend-
. I IV, 1 1 l I..1 L 1.1 JIVUlUltlVU ClCHIClli AO
abandoning its policy of slower, surer
- progress. There is nothing now to
: Justify the effort except the band
wagon tendency that in the end afflicts
rather than aids every effort, con
structive or otherwise, which acquires
a momentum of respectable propor
tions. And if the unlikely happens
' and it is attained on a wave of sentl
mentalism or as a result of a religious
or moral revival it is likely to .have
no firmer footing than the epidemic
' - AV. T Xfall n't .Mat. t.
viiic i .iu i 1 ...... i ....... . . . . . .
npany that their Chinese crews can
learn English. Two months' experi
ment Is not decisive one way or the
other. The fact that coolies cannot
read their own language proves little.
Chinese is written with many thou
sand distinct characters. None but
erudite specialists have time to learn
them all.
POOR CHAJ.CE.
Senator Kern, of Indiana, Is the
leader of the United States Senate.
Representative Hay, of Virginia, is
chairman of the military committee of
the House. Both are Democrats.
Both" are' in supposed accord with the
purposes and policies of the National
Administration.
Yet Chairman Hay, in opposition to
the sound opinion of the country and
in substantial defiance of the Presi
dent, Secretary of War, chairman of
the Senate committee on military af
fairs (Mr. Chamberlain) and the mil
itary advisers of the Administration,
publicly attacks any adequate policy
of preparedness. Leader Kern repeats
his peace-at-any-price sentiments.
Kern and Hay are mere echoes and
pawns of Bryan.
The people of the United States are
with President Wilson, and not with
ex-Secretary Bryan, in his champion
ship of American rights and in his
leadership of a united Nation. They
are with President Wilson, and not
with ex-Secretary Bryan, in his plan
to strengthen the Army and Navy.
But there is a poor chance for the
President to accomplish anything in
the way of real preparedness through
a Democratic Congress more strongly
attached to Bryan than to Wilson.
CLEAN AND IT RE.
The Portland Evening Journal gives
a certificate of character to the pres
ent city government by testifying that
"it is not probable that any city in
Americd has cleaner or purer govern
ment than has Portland." We can't
think - of any governments that we
should be willing to say are cleaner
or purer; but there are some which
we surmise are better far better.
It is pleasant to be able to agree
with our contemporary that it is a
clean and pure government by clean
and pure men, of whom there are
many in Portland; but not all of them
are City Commissioners, or are fit to
be. Something more is required. If
there has been in the city administra
tion any voice effectively raised for
retrenchment and economy'the public
has so far failed to hear it. If any
Commissioner has devised a plan of
systematic reduction of expenses, in
keeping with the general spirit of the
times and in consonance with the ex
pectations and sore needs of the tax
payers, it has escaped attention in the
general hubbub over the higher cost
of public living.
It is to be noted further that our
virtuous neighbor corrects the Seattle
Post-Intelligencer for saying that the
"expenses of government in Portland
are $950,000 higher than In the two
preceding years under the old sys
tem." We beg to assure the Seattle
Post-Intelligencer that It has not been
found in any substantial error.
THE FLY PEST.
Something like 75 per cent of all
the" flies "born" are brought forth in
stable refuse. This is a statement
indorsed by all scientists who have
made a close study of the subject, and
the observation of inquiring laymen
bears out the accuracy of the figures.
Admitting that the fly is a dangerous
enemy of the' human family and a
great and expensive nuisance as well,
it goes without saying that every per
son who owns or controls a breeding
ground in or around stables should be
active In taking advantage of the
methods laid down by scientists to re
duce the fly output. These methods
are simple and inexpensive.
It has been taught for years that
borax is the best "medicine" to place
upon the breeding grounds of the fly,
but this has the disadvantage of re
ducing the fertilizing value of the
manure. During the past couple of
years science has gone many steps be
yond the borax period and as a re
sult we have the maggot traps which
are very effective where there is a
large amount of manure to handle
Farmers' bulletin No. 679, which may
be had by application to the Depart
ment of Agriculture, gives a full de
scription of it and shows how it can
be cheaply constructed.
For the small stable where from
one to four horses are kept, splendid
results In the prevention of the breed
ing of the fly may be secured by
sprinkling the manure piles with a
solution prepared ,by adding one-half
pound of powdered hellebore to ten
gallons of water. This will destroy
from 88 to 99 per cent of the larvae
from which the flies are hatched. The
solution should be allowed to stand
twenty-four hours after mixing to get
the full strength of the hellebore dis
seminated throughout the water. The
ten gallons of solution will treat about
eight bushels, or ten cubic feet, of ma
nure, without deterrent effects upon
its fertilizing value.
The cost is a mere trifle about 1
cent for every two bushels treated.
The borax treatment is as effective as
the hellebore remedy, and in towns
and cities it can often be used to great
advantage. But for stables of consid
erable size the hellebore treatment is
the best.
FROM 1815 TO 1913.
Has civilization advanced or re
ceded during the last hundred years?
We commonly assume that we are far
ahead of the world of 1815, but do the
facts bear us out in our complacent
self-congratulation? William D. How
ells, writing in Harper's Magazine
finds grounds for the opinion that we
are somewhat better off than our for.
bears of a century ago. Chattel slav
ery has gone and he thinks that "in.
dustrial slavery is greatly tempered."
The latter may be true of some
countries, but hardly of the United
States, since in 1815 we had no Indus
tries on the modern scale where great
armies of workmen .were employed
Mr. Howells stands on .more solid
ground when he says that the century
has witnessed a real advance in "arts
and letters," but in some other mat
ters we feel less confidence in his po
sition. It would be pleasant, for in
stance, to agree with him that "we no
longer have the wild revivals of old
and that we do not use so much
strong drink or chew so much tobacco
as our predecessors did a century ago
Our revivals may have lost some
kinds of wlldness, but they have, ac.
quired others. The Billy Sunday per
formances in Philadelphia and Patter
son present as many aspects of pic
turesque barbarism as any old-time
camp-meeting. Public drunkenness
is not so common as it was in 1815
but statistics show that the per capita
consumption of alcohol Is greater.
This is explained partly-by Its enor
mous use in patent medicines, partly
by the drinking habits of women. In
1815 a woman who drank liquor was
the scandal of her neighbors. Today
she can toss off her grog and excite
no remark.
Mr', Howells Justly remarks that we
have escaped from the bonds of "the
terrible, unscriptural. New England
Sabbath," but we have escaped at the
same time from the New England
church-going, which may not be alto
gether a gain. ' In still other matters
our progress since 1815 is question
able. That year saw the world Just
emerging from the wars of Napoleon.
This year sees Europe well immersed
in the war of the kaisers and It will
hardly be claimed by anybody that
the horrors of the present struggle are
less shocking than those of the Cor
al can conqueror. .
In regard to progress, the truth
probably is that while we have bet
tered matters in some particulars dur
ing the last century we have allowed
them to grow worse in a great many
others.
PRICES OF FARM PBODrCTS.
A bulletin issued by the Agricultu
ral Department shows that the prices
of farm products all over the country
have, as a rule, greatly advanced over
those prevailing a year ago, particu
larly in Oregon. "
Butter, eggs and poultry have slightly
declined, the former a cent a pound,
eggs 3 cents a dozen and chickens
1 3-10 cents per pound. Potatoes
have advanced from' 46 cents to SI. 02
cents; rye from 77 cents to 92 cents;
barley from 53 cents to 57 cents; oats
from 37 cents to 4 3 cents; wheat
from 77 cents to 89 cents, and corn
from 75 cents to 85 rents.
At the prevailing prices our agri
cultural communities ought to be
more than ordinarily prosperous. With
the single exception of potatoes the
prices quoted can, if the bulletin fig
ures are accurate, be realized by the
farmers as quickly as the crops can
be sent to market. For potatoes the
price fluctuates with the demand and
the prices of even a week hence may
be 25 per cent higher or 25 per cent
lower. The potato is like the hop. It
Is hard to find the psychological mo
ment for its marketing.
SELLING MUNITIONS.
Theodore S. Woolsey, formerly pro
fessor of international law at Yale
University, has an article In Leslie's
Weekly explaining and defending the
American trade in munitions of war.
It is in accord with international law,
and it is expressly sanctioned by The
Hague conference (session of 1907).
It is to be noted that Germany, which
is regarded as the chief sufferer from
the general exportation of arms and
munitions to the allies, has made no
protest whatever to the United States.
It would be useless and inconsistent,
for, as Professor Woolsey says:
Professor Oreeorv. In an interesting ar
ticle, aives statistics of the large German
exports of arms to the British forces In
the Boer War after the Boer trade had been
cut off. In the Russo-Japanese war Krupp
notoriously supplied both sides. In the Bal-
ican war tnere was saia to De competition
between Krupp and Creusot in furnishing
cannon. No state in the nature of things
can satisfy its needs lri war completely from
its own resources. fc.very neju-erent has
bought, every neutrsl has allowed Its citi
zens to sell, munitions since modern war
began. England sympathized with the
South in our civil war. yet sold to the
North. She did the same in 1870 to Franca.
It Is clear that the United States
could perform no more markedly un
neutral act than now to forbid the
export of munitions and supplies. Ger
many has withdrawn her navy from
the sea, and has left Great Britain and
her allies in undisputed command, ex
cept as to the submarines. The rea
son Germany has declined a test of
naval strength is confessedly the great
superiority of the allies', fleets. . The
United States is, of course, ready to
sell munitions to Germany and her
allies, but we cannot deliver, since
Germany has abandoned the seas to
her enemies. Shall the United States,
by refusing to sell to Great Britain
or France, seek to equalize an advan
tage that even their enemies concede?
There is complaint, too, that the
United States is seeking to benefit by
trade with the warring powers. Why
not? The United States as a neutral
power was and is vastly hurt by a
war which was not of its making.
If its great trade losses may in part
be recouped through the very condi
tion which has imposed them, the
United States Is but .taking advantage
of a legitimate opportunity.
A PRODIGIOUS PROBLEM.
Word from Washington that
the
Administration nas taken up seriously
the problems of National defense will
be received with general satisfaction
There never has been a time when the
whole people so fully realized the
helpless condition of the country nor
when the public mind was so ready
for the-development of an adequate
military policy. Military pessimists
have long predicted thavthe Ameri
can mind was beyond - hope of an
awakening. A disastrous Invasion
they have contended, would be re
quired to stimulate us to action. The
error of this dire prediction has not
yet been proved, but there are evi
dences that an awakening is well ad
vanced and that military and naval
impotence will be changed anon Into
a considerable degree of potence.
The idea of a board to seek a solu
tion of our military and naval prob
lems strikes The Oregonian as the
proper method of procedure in the
matter. In fact, the idea .was put for
ward by The Oregonian several weeks
ago, when it was urged that the big
gest minds in the country be included
In such a board. Secretary Garri
son has chosen as his advisers some
of the best-equipped men of high rank
in the Army and Navy. The data and
recommendations they present will be
made the basis of his report to the
President, who. In turn, will pass
along his conclusions to Congress.
The unanimous hope will be that
the programme, when completed, will
suffice to meet the requirements of an
effective military and naval policy for
the United States. No definite an
nouncement has been made as yet,
and very little in the way of specula
tion has been offered as to the pro
posed measures. In some circles the
report is out that a standing army of
half a million men will be proposed
in the programme. Reports vary as
to the number of war vessels that are
to be added to our Navy. But. after
all, these are minor details. The big
phase of the problem Is a -modus
operandi of recruiting and maintain
ing whatever new forces may be de
cided upon. Certainly we could not
keep up an Army of half a million
men on the basis of recruitment
that now exists. Difficulty is experi
enced in maintaining the little Na
tional police force which we now dig
nify with the name of Army. Natur
ally there has ijpt to be some entirely
new way of acquiring ann maintain
ing a first-line Army. Whether this
solution will be found by a species o
compulsory service of by an arrange-
ment of short enlistments remains to
be seen.
The mainstay of National defense,
of course, must be our citizen sol
diery. What shall we do with our
National Guard to bring It up to the
highest standard? The National Guard
is sadly in need of encouragement. The
patriotic young men who have been
performing this service of arms for
years with little reward and less pub
lic recognition must be stimulated.
More must be required of them, and
at the same time more must be done
for them. Given adequate Federal
support and public encouragement,
the organized mllltla of the country
offers possibilities of development
which will have to be given full con
sideration in any measure looking
toward a bolstering up of our mili
tary policy.
Nor Is the problem settled when a
substantial first line has been estab
lished on land and sea. Even a stand
ing Army of half a million men would
be of little consequence In a real war.
The problem of reserve forces is big.
At least we must have the nucleus.
At least we must know where the offi
cers and the supplies and the muni
tions are coming from. What mill be
done along these lines? The deeper
the problem of our military inade
quacy is entered into the more hope-
ess it. appears.
It must not be expected that Secre
tary Garrison and his advisers will
solve the problem all at one stroke
of the pen. At present we have only
chaos so far as a military policy Is
concerned. The transition cannot be
effected in the same manner that the
saving of a soul can be consummated
at a revival meeting. We have been
so weak and wobbly and groping in
these matters that regeneration will
have to proceed by degrees. The for
tunate thing about It all is that we
have the opportunity to wrestle with
these problems unembarrased by the
operations of a hostile foe on our
Hanks.
Sentlment at the Eugene church
conference seems to favor the union
of rural churches. One strong church
In a community Is better than half a
dozen weak ones. But before the
rural church can come Into Its own
we must have ministers educated to
solvo its peculiar problems. The vil
lage congregation is hungry for bread,
but too often it Is fed on stones.
Congressman Frank Smith, of Mary
land, has a project for "eugenic
peace." His plan Is an alliance of the
United States, England. France and
Germany. The only difficulty is that
peace must be secured before the al
liance could be formed, like the Irish,
man's boots, which he thought he
would wear a few days before trying
them on.
The aeroplane attacks on Verona
and Ancona proved futile., as they
have everywhere else. The airmen
must Invent some new and more effi
cient missile before they can accom
Plish much. At present they can
scare peaceable citizens and kill
few non-combatant, but anything else
is apparently out of their power.
There were 22.000.000 pupils In the
public schools last year, with 700,000
teachers. The total expense of the
system was 1750,000,000, a little more
than $1000 for each teacher. This
includes Janitors' wages, fuel, appa
ratus and new buildings as well as sal
cries. The cost per pupil is a trifle
l.iore than $34.
Dr. Forester Smith's figures regard
ing the success In life of college ath
letes are not encouraging to "rooters.'
He says a baseball or football hero
has far less chance of distinction than
an ordinary graduate. And common
experience confirms his remark.
Secretary Lansing's interference In
the case" of the Ave Mexicans to be
hanged in Arizona tomorrow is a bit
of officious officialism Their execu
tion can have little effect on the polit
ical situation in Mexico, which cannot
be worse.
The submarine "terror" being con
structed at Los Angeles is somebody's
plaything. ' A 13-foot boat cannot hold
men enough to operate her, not to
mention carrying torpedoes that must
be longer to be effective.
Time for Idaho to organize Borah
for President clubs. The current
issue of Collier's has an extensive his
tory of the Idaho Senator, with side
lights-on the Bill and Billy phases of
his Western career.
Mobilize the Third Oregon! An
Oregonian Is held by Germany for at
tempting to leave without passports.
This is bringing the war situation to
an understandable degree.
In these days of more or less de
pression. It Is pleasant to learn that
man's value Is rising. A Salem woman
wants $45,000 for alleged breach of
promise.
Bryan deprecated the "raw meat"
policy of Roosevelt at Sacramento and
may be expected to repeat here to
morrow night.
There Is a good deal of dry humor
In Arizona. A Tonto Apache has been
hired for official executioner at a dol
lar a drop.
Lowering clouds and gloomy sky
would lead one to think this was hop
picking time and the State Fair In
sight-
Perhaps they don't raise their boys
to be soldiers in Russia, but she Is
calling out the 19-year-olds Just the
same.
Six will be held responsible for the
Eastland horror, which gives all op
portunity to dodge on technicalities.
The Leelanaw ease
about the usual space
cabinet, that's all.
will occupy
in the filing
What the Haltiens need for presi
dent Is a white man who can ahoot
with both hands.
'--
Oil has spread on the troubled
waters at Bayonne and all strikers
are at work.
New horror for England. Germany
Is making Invisible aeroplanes.
Did the grocers mind
Ask the boy this morning.
the rain?
Hereafter a Jag of wood must be
definite fraction of a cord.
Naturally, Becker is a' little; uneasy
today.
Stars and Starmaker
By Ieoas Cava Bssr,
Time was when the Rialto was
located in New York and had ita
habitat right where the Lamb's Club
gambols. But no mora If on Is to
believe the personals in the dally
papers all the actors in the world (with
the exception of Walter Gilbert, who is
camping on North Beach, and J. Forbes
Robertson, who is vacationing In Eng
land with bis family), are gathered
together In California. Those who
aren't being made Into screen dramas
are Just seeing the fair. David War-
field ia in San Franclaco, resting and
visiting his mother, a Summer habit he
has kept up for years. Jesse Lasky
is there. Jesse used to write and pro
duce vaudeville sketches, and still does
when he isn't managing bis big motion
picture concern. Other motion-picture
magnates in fan Francisco are D. W.
Griffith and Mark Sennett- Also In
the fair city Is Morris Gest. some time
since the promoter and owner of a
turgid Russian ballet with great music.
nd now the Impresario of Geraldlne
Farrar. the opera star, temporarily
gathered to the reel Ufa; there la
Geraldlne Farrar herself. Just up
from the Southland between pictures;
there Is William H. Crane, who isn't
veteran actor for nothing and who ia
going to add to hta holdings by a
revival of an old success; there Is
Raymond Hitchcock and his wife Flora
Zabelle there, and so are Jean Sen war ta
and his dancing wife, Rosalka Dolly;
also, Sidney Grant and Charlotte Green
wood. James Buchanan Brady. Fannie
Ward, Blanche Ring. Lou Tellegen.
Donald Brian. Nat Ooodwln and his
latest wife. Marjorle Moreland; Maurice
Farkoa, Melville Ellis. Charles Chap
lin. Douglas Fairbanks and Harry Wil
liams; there is House Peters, a monarch
of the movies; there Is Mabel Normand,
whose pretty countenance has been seen
In the pictures many times, and there
is E. J. Carroll, who controls a string
of 26 theaters in Australia. And Frank
Keenan Is In San Franclaco, and Guy
Bates Post, and Richard- Walton Tuely.
and Alfred Hertz, one of the Nation's
greatest conductors.
And now comes confirmation of the
report circulated montha ago that
Peggy O'Nell Is married. Her hus
band Is Timothy Daniel Frawley, who
used to manage stock and traveling
troupes on the Pacific Coast and who
has in recent years been general stare
manager for Oliver Morosco. It was
Mr. Frawley who gave Peggy O'Nell
her first chance on the stage. "You're
Irish and I'm Irish; haven't ye got
some sort 'of a Job for me with my
funny faceT" Peggy whimsically
pleaded with T. Daniel Just as he had
finished telling her there was nothing
in sight. And T. Daniel looked again
and looking remembered the Peg o' My
Heart companies then, forming and
Oliver Morosco's call for a half dosen
types who could follow Laurette
Taylor's creation of homely, queer
little Peg. So he hesitated and like
all who hesitate, was lost. Or won. It
all depends on one's viewpoint. Any
way Peggy got the role, and now she
has married T. Daniel, who Is over
twice her own age. Upon investigation
it has been disclosed that their mar
riage license and certificate were filed
with County Clerk Swettser in Chicago
on January 28. And how Peggy did
strenuously deny any Ideas of matri
mony when she was In Portland!
see
The first news of a new play for
David Warfleld always an interesting
topic has come from Laurette Taylor
by way of London. According to a
letter Just received from her by a
friend, David Belasco Is importing for
Warfleld the play, "The Laughter of
Fools," which is now current In Lon
don. Hitherto Warfleld haa used plays
written especially for him and under
the supervision of Mr. Belasco himself.
There seems to be no doubt that Mr.
Belasco haa evinced interest in "The
Laughter of Fools." and unless he in
tends the play for Warfleld. Miss Taylor
writes, then everybody concerned in its
production is being sadly misled.
John Hyaras and Leila Mclntyre. who
Just now are In vaudeville, are to be
starred next season In a musical play
called "The Girl From Grand Rapids."
It will open in Chicago, in October, at
the La Salle Theater.
e
John P. Campbell, one of the direc
tors of the Irish Theater of America,
la inviting native playwrights to sub
mit their work to, the newly-formod
organisation, which is planning an
active season In New York.
Max Rablnoff, managing director of
the Pavlowa ballet, has sent out an
nouncements from Chicago giving de
tails of arrangements be la making
for the combination of grand opera
with ballet for the coming season.
Two large organizations will be
brought together for Joint perform
ances: The Pavlowa Company, which
is already complete and has been for
several seasons, and a new grand opera
company which he Is now forming, and
In which grand opera stars of Interna
tional repute will be featured.
For this new grand opera organisa
tion he has obtained from the Boston
Opera-House the complete productions
of "Othello." "L'Amore Del Tre Re,"
"Carmen." "Le Gloconda." "Rlgoletto."
"Cavallerla Rustlcana" and "Pagllaccl."
Some of these equipments were de
signed and made by Urban and others
by Strops- To the productions of these
two famous scenic artists will be added
others upon which Bakst, Urban and
Kim are now working.
The entire Boston Opera-House or
chestra and chorus will be brought to
this new opera company, which, when
combined with. the Pavlowa forces, will
form what Mr. Rablnoff states will be
the largest organisation that has ever
been sent on tour In America.
While Mile. Anna Pavlqwa will be
the star of the choreographic portion
of these presentations, the operatic
portion will present such stars as
Maggie Teyte. Rlccardo Martin, Marie
Nedllzova from the Imperial Opera In
Petrograd, George Baklanoff. formerly
primo baritone of the Boston Opera
Company: Gaudlo Manaueto, said to be
one of the world's greatest bassos, who
haa appeared in the leading opera
houses of Europe and South America,
and Ippollto Laszaro, a young Italian
who has been acclaimed as one of the
world's stellar lyric tenors at La Seals,
Milan, and at the National Opera In
Buenos Aires. These are only a few
of the principal members of th new
organization, and Mr. Rablnoff Is now
negotiating with many other Interna
tional grand opera stars, whose names
will be announced as soon as their en
gagements are completed.
IS L1FR FIRST CONSIDERATION' T
What of Hosier. Vlrtwe, Patriotism T
Asks Deasoerat of Mr. Bryas,
PORTLAND. July 28. (Open letter to
Hon. W. J. Bryan.) Will preface this j
brief note with the statement that I
have aupported you moat loyally In
three Presidential campaigns and have
always been a Democrat politically. 1
am still a loyal supporter of your po
sition aa a Democrat, but the subject
upon which I most respectfully address
you. and In which I cannot support you.
la that of peace, and the price you aeera
willing to pay therefor.
As a student of history, and as a
Just and careful observer of what has
taken place In the records of the
achievements of the human race, you
cannot but admit that many, many
wars. In fact the majority of wars of
which accounts have been chronicled,
have been for Just purposes and have
brought about Improved conditions of
the human race.
Whether providential, or otherwise.
wars seem to have been necessary, both
In the remote and In the rather Imme
diate past. The wars of the Israelites
seem to have had. In Instances, the aid
of the God of the Jewish race.
Pagan history records worthy wars
and highly commends patriotism and
love of country.
To die for one's country was thought
the most noble of deaths, among those
whom Christiana choose to rail the
Pagan peoples. The wars of the Cru
saders were Christian wars and fur
nish most noble examples of love of
country and readiness to die for the
cauae of God and country.
The Prince of I'eace seems to have
been known and understood In the days
or me crusaders and In later years
fully as well aa In the 10th century,
but it seems to have remained for a
type of 20th-century Christians to pro
claim war as unchristian.
To take rare of one'a life seems to
be the highest duty of the modern
Christian who opposes war as war, and
makes no distinction between the Just
and the unjust war.
If war may ever be Just, It behooves
the wise nation to be prepared to carry
on a Just war when necessary. To sub
mit to Injustice, either as individuals
or as a nation, through fear of the
consequences, seems a pitiful condition
of mind, and to reason that we can
avoid trouble by being unprepared
seems a failure to understand human
nature, and a childish faith that noth
ing can Justify, reliance upon which
might result in national disaster.
When wrong has been done and law
violated we do not enter Into lengthy
dlscusslons with the Individual ac
cused of the crime, but according to our
various systems, we puntxh the violator
of law. Why use a different method
when a nation becomes an outlaw and
sets at defiance International law?
When the German submarine sent the
Lusltanla to the bottom of the ocean
with Innocent noncombatanta on board
and without giving them any chance
for life, murder was committed by a
nation and International law violated.
What, then, does It mean to have a
country and what ia citizenship In our
country worth If our Government will
atand by and not resent, with war If
necessary, the murder of its citizens?
If life alone Is the only thing to save,
what do we mean by honor, virtue,
patriotism? What of the Christian mar
tyr who gloried In death for his re
ligion, when by yielding principle he
misht have lived?
What of the noble women who have
died rather than be dishonored, when,
by the sacrifice of virtue, they might
have lived?
What of the heroes of the Civil War
who died that the Union might con
tinue, when by al'.owlng the Union to be
disrupted their Uvea might have been
sps red ?
What of the heroes of the Involu
tion, who died to give tie these United
States, when by taking the easiest way
they could have remained subjects
of King George and saved their lives?
Do you not think that by making
life paramount or superior to all other
things you pay too high a price?
Must honor, patriotism, virtue, even
Christianity itself, all be sacrificed In
order to usher In a philosophy that
would avoid war, no matter what the
cau-e?
After applying the new philosophy
to the nations, would you apply it to
the Individual?
Is the new philosophy not a coward
Philosophy and unworthy of the great
Commoner?
Aa a friend and admirer, I candidly
submit these few observations for such
notice aa you choose to give them,
but Confident that my countrymen will
never follow your views on this subject.
I am for peace, but not at the price
you seem willing to pay.
J. r. HENRY.
crvkltv nivnr.E iNiTF.r rro.v
Preaidest of Ilassaae Soelety Coadesaas
Methods at Iog Poaad.
J'UKTUXD, July 2. (To the Kdi
tor.) The Oregon Humane Society lift
ed the cover from th city dog pound
and found that appalling deeds had
been committed under Mr. Welch's
management. We have sworn state
ments, together with the ax that has
mutilated and killed at Ivast liou poor,
helpless pets. While this brutal slaugh
ter was taking place the gas chamber
was In running order, and this awful
work was uncalled tor. These helpless
creatures were hit one to three times
oeiore aeatn ensued.
Witnesses testified that it was noth
ing unusual for dogs to go from one
to three days without food. Is It any
wonder that these dumb brutea became
so hungry that twice during the month
of March they ate ono another up?
Just to show that Mr. Welch was
lacking In more than one way. w e wish
to state that fat dogs were often sold
for rendering out fat for the use of
consumptives. However, for this pur
pose dogs should be killed In a sanitary
way and the blood drawn from them
Immediately. On several occasions the
dogs wer sold after lying In the gas
fumes all' night and wer no doubt
poisoned through and through.
The Oregon Humane Society Invites
all the people of Portland to come at
any time and watch them put these
animals to sleep without pain or blood.
When the IS doga were killed on March
2S and loaded Into the wagon It waa an
easy matter to trail tlietn from the
barn to the Incinerator by the blood
which flowed from the wagon in which
they were hauled.
Some years ago. the Humane Society
got the city to put In a gas chamber,
so as to put the dogs out of the way In
a humane manner, hut It seems the ax
was preferred to thla method of kill
ing. Several witnesses ststed that It was
nothing unusual to come to the dog
pound In the morning and find three
or four dogs that had been killed dur
ing the night and partly eaten by dogs
that had become famished. On Inci
dent was the putting to death of a
large Newfoundland, at which time Mr.
Welch administered cyanide of potas
sium. This caused extreme pain for an
hour, after which she waa hit with a
pick about ten times. After all of this
the deputy poundmaster waa ordered to
cut her throat with a knife before
death occurred.
With all of the above evidence. Mr.
Welch was found not guilty of cruelty
to animals. Is it any wonder the pub
lic mind is being turned against such
work as the above? If the city treas
ury must be cursed with money taken
for such work aa this. I, for my part,
would rather see the cltv go bankrupt.
A. COWPERTHWAIT.
President Oregon Humane Society.
larasw K.f flcieocr.
Life,
Agnes Marlon has become an effi
ciency expert. She goes about telling
women how to live within their in
comes. Gladys Nothing doing here,
rm looking for some one to teach me
how to live beyond mine.
Twenty-Five Years Ago
From The Or-renla-i of July SO. 190.
A mountain of stone Is reported to
have been found about nine miles from
Grants rasa that will make grind
stones. a
It Is thought it will require the
services of luuO ta 2(H0 men at least
four months to complete the contem
plated changes In the railroad through
the Cow Creek Canyor
The following notice Is posted on
Main street. Athena: "To my neigh
bors: If my Spring chlckena are cis
turbing your garden, kill them and eat
mem. John i.line"lon."
Arthur M. Plato writea the follow
ing note to The Oregonian: "Allow me
to tender the free use of Masonic Hall
ny evening to any organization wish
ing to arrange a benefit for the suf
ferers by the hre In Wallace. Provided
that the entire proceeds be forrded
to be used where the most good can
be accomplished."
Government Census Agent Kruse left
for Minneapolis yesterday morninc to
superintend th work of patching up
census matters there.
The Cxar has l.-sud an edict f or-
bldoing applause in Kussian theaters.
The explosion of bombs In the iclnity
of the Cur has mado him cry sensi
tive to noises of all kinds.
The Archduke Frans of Austria has
a larpe and Interesting collection of
relics or criminals who have been ex
ecuted. Among the relics are por
tions of the ropes used In hanging the
Chicago anarchists.
Montesano VIdette: Monte.ano Is
becoming metropolitan. During the
past few days w have th patent med
icine man on tiie nr-et corner, a me
dium or fortune teller and a street
fakir. Fcrldo this there Is a c:lanl
rumor of an onslaught by the Salva
tion Army.
Philadelphia. July 2. Clayton
French, aged 70 years, founder of the
extensive wholesale drug linn of
French. Richards a; Co.. of this city,
died at his country home near Los an
Station. r. today, of paralysis, lie
left an estate of about is.ouu.000.
Half a Century Ago
From Th Oreconlan of July 2i. le.
Th attention of our city fathers is
called to the process now going on
to convert Hall street, at its Junction
w-tth Front, into a duck pond when
any considerable amount of rain shall
fall. Front street Is being filled,
completely burying even the cultus
wooden culvert placed there when the
fill jaa first commenced, leaving no
exit for the water except over th
"dam" or by the speedy ?) process of
evaporation breeding wigglers. mos
quitoea. galnippers. frogs, lizards, etc
A fine location for a naturalist.
The farmers near Albany are to meet
on Saturday next at the farm of Mr.
Harklcmnn and contest for rrlxes in
plowing. The first prize of 110 is for
the best rlowlng; the second b5t. IS;
the third and fourth prizes will be
awarded for the best and second best
plows. A gang plow for three or five
horses ant some implements from this
city will h exhibited and used and
hereafter It Is expected the "June
plowing match" will be on of the
regularities in Oregon agriculture.
The boys and girls have found out
that strawberries are ripe, but patres
famllias do not care to know it. The
delicious fruit retails from SO to TS
cents per pound. Too extrarrdlnary
for luxury at the present time.
Maine and Missouri, that came Into
the Cnlon together, one a free and the
other a slave state, ratified the con
st, tutlonal amendment abollshlns
slavery on the same day, February 7.
On Saturday, at precisely 10:30 A.
M.. the people of this section hailed
the advent of a pouring down from the
atmosphere of an abundant mass of
aqua not in the shape of vapor, but
the real substance. dlstlnKuishabl
from mint by the size of tue dropa
Soon tli pouring process assumed the
mixed form of rain and hall and came
down much In the manner of the latter.
The concretions continued to fall for
some minutes, when all cleared off.
leaving the sun to shine gloriously
and warmly upon the whole face of
nature. which smiled beautifully,
thankful for the favors.
Way to III as t Masnpa,
CORVALIJS. Or, July 28. (To the
Editor.) After having read an article
on slump blasting by someone who
signs himself "California Cultivator."
I would like to say a few- words which
may be of use to those wifhlug to Mast
not only stumps but rock or anything.
1 like Califormaa suggestions they
are all riht but there are other
things to be considered. A good way to
blast a big slump Is to bore a hole well
J down under
it with an augur: get a
liule past the center if pot-Mble; then
lower about one-fifth of a rtick of
powder on the end of a fuse; be sure
It is well connected In such a way that
it can't tel loose, from the cap and
fuse; then touch it off and spring the.
hole One ran burn out a hole as bl.f
as ono's hat. or in fact, any size to
hold the required amount of powder. In
this way.
In blasting In wet ground put plenty
of soap on the cap; work It in around
th upper end of cap. He sure It is
well connected, as It Is the mlM-ehoot
that is liable to kill someone.
After springing a hole as I have sug
gested never load it until after It haa
had two or three houra In which to
cool. Better let it go half a day, as
there may be a fragment of fuse still
hanging fire In the hole. It Is not
necessary to tamp a hole when spring
ing It. In fact it is not necessary to
tamp giant powder so hard as one
would black powder. Just make It alr
tljht is all that is necessary. Be sure
to Klve it enough powder to turn the
trick the first shot. Kctter spend a
few cents more for powder than to fool
with it a day or two afterwards. L's
stump powder for blasting stumps. It
Is most decidedly the best.
G. G. BOOCO.
Itrltlsk Co In an hi a. Marrlaae Laws.
PORTLAND. July 2S. (To the Kdl
tor.) (11 Kindly publish the charge
of the marrlaa- licenses In Victoria,
B. C. (2) Also If first cousins can
marry In said place.
A CONSTANT READER.
(1) Five dollars Is the license fee.
(2) There is no legal bar to the
marriage of first cousins.
Put the Goods in
the Window
Mr. Retailer, your windows are
worth money to you they are the
periscope by which passersby see
your store.
Put goods In the windows the
people want to see.
For one thing, put in the prod
ucts the manufacturers are adver
tising In this newspaper.
Put them In at the time they are
being advertised.
Swinging your window In tune
with the newspaper advertising puts
your store In the public eye.
People who read the advertising
and see the goods begin to think of
those brands in connection with you.
This is advertising your store.