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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (July 27, 1915)
t THE 3IORXIXG OREG OXI AX. . TUESDAY, JULY 27. 1915. PORTLAND. OREGON. Entered at Portland. Oregon. Postofflce as second-claw matter. EwbsortpUoa liiues invariably la advance: (By Mall.) Sunday Included, one year ...... $ 8.00 Jjally, gunday Included, elx mont'ii 4.V6 pally, (Sunday included, three months.. 2-2 pally. Sunday included, one month,..,. -76 pally, ivttAotu bundar, on yaar 8.00 pally, wUnotit Sunday, aix months.,.. S.iia &ily, without Sunday, three month... 1.76 pally, without Sunday, one month..... -60 Weekly, one year. Low Sunday, one year. 2.50 Sunday Md Weekly, en year.. ........ ., (By Carrier.) Dally. Sunday Included, one year..... .00 I-ily, Bandar Included, one month..... .76 liow o Remit Send Poetof fice money or. der, expreaa order or personal check on your local bank. Stamps, coin or currency are at Sunders risk. Give postoftice address in full. Including county and state. Postage Kate 12 to 19 pases, 1 cent: IS ts 32 pages, 2 cents; 84 to 43 pages, 3 cants; i,u to 00 pages, 4 eents; tti to " pages, '8 cents; 78 to KZ pages, 6 cents. For eign postage, double rates, Earners Business Offices Veree Conk, lin, Brunswick building New York; Verreo Conklln, Steger building, Chicago; San Francisco representative, K. J. BldweU, 742 Market street. rOBTLAND, TUESDAT, JULY. 87, 1915. A 8CHEIIE GONE WROXO. There ia a note of exultation in the report of a committee appointed by the American Bar Association to op pose the judicial recall. This report, just distributed, will be submitted to the Bar Association August 17, It ap pears from the document that the judicial recall has made practically no progress in the last year or two. In deed, the committee perceives a dwindling- interest in the proposition. It is true that Kansas in 1914 adopted a recall amendment submitted by the Legislature of 1913, but a backward, trend is observed by the committee in numerous other states. For exam ple, the Minnesota Legislature in 1913 submitted a recall amendment and an initiative and referendum amendment, both of which were defeated at the polls. In 1915 it renewed the proposi tion for direct legislation, but de feated resubmission of the recall amendment. - The North Dakota Senate in 191J defeated the judicial recall by one vote after it had passed the House by a large majority. This year the for merly favorable House killed it. Sev eral other states are mentioned" in, which the recall had sbme favorable standing two years ago which now seemingly have wholly abandoned the idea. But the Bar Association committee has a confusing way of tying up the recall of judges with the recall of Judi cial decisions. The term "Judicial re call," as the committee uses it, em braces both. We can discern no real similarity between the two doctrines, yet it is quite likely true that the ad vancement by Mr. Roosevelt of the fantastic plan of placing a voter's court of appeal over the Supreme Court has gone far to bring the recall of officials from office into undeserved disrepute. The Roosevelt idea has been adopted in Colorado, and its operation there is held up as a horrible exam ple by the Bar Association committee and has been cited elsewhere. Colorado in adopting the recall of judicial decisions provided in its amendment that certain cities, by a majority vote of their citizens, might overrule a decision by the Supreme Court which declared unconstitutional a provision of a. city charter. The city of Denver enjoys this ad vanced degree of home rule. The ma jority sentiment there is opposed to prohibition, although the state has voted dry. There i3 a provision in the Denver city charter under which the wets are claiming the right to operate in spite of state-wide pro hibition, and they have carried their contention to the Supreme Court. The court will probably hold that the prohibition clause of the constitution prevails over the city charter, where upon the wets will endeavor to recall the decision. As the issue will be sub mitted in Denver alone, there is a strong reason to expect a failure of prohibition so far as that city is con cerned. To such absurd lengths may the recall of Judicial decisions be ap plied. Yet in its underlying principle and in its operation the recall of judicial decisions differs more from recall of judges than it does from the referen dum. In fact, it is based on the as sumption that the courts are exercis ing legislative functions, that in cer tain cases they repeal statutes and that the people should have the power ' to say whether such statutes should be, in fact, repealed. The official re call is personal In its application. In theory it may be used to place a Judge on trial for slight transgression of a popular whim. But in practice it is not. In the seven years the recall has been available in Oregon not only has it never been Invoked against a judge, but it has been demonstrated that an attempt to abuse the principle as it applies to judges fails in its in cipiency. Recall of judges and recall of judi cial decisions have a similarity in sound, but in no other respect. The one similarity makes recall of judicial decisions, with its derogation of con stitutional government, a handy im plement with which to attack a prin ciple that is no more than an enlarge ment of the authority of the people to choose the kind of men who shall lie their servants. If Mr. Roosevelt had started out to kill the recall he could not have devised a more subtle instrument. NOVELIST JAMES THREAT. The alarming news comes from Lon don that Henry James, who for forty six years has lived in England and written so-called American and other novels, is about to follow his physical expatriation by taking out British nat uralization papers. He is Incensed be cause the United States Government is not doing something against Ger many for the allies besides selling the latter war munitions. Mr. James writes stories which no body can understand, but which in ,England are thought to be In the American language and in America the English language. He was born in America in 1843 and w-as educated in France and Switzerland and at the Harvard law school. He moved - to London in 1869. It appears that in the intervening half century or nearly that he has visited his native land once or twice. That is the kind of American he is. Mr. James appears to think that the first duty of the United States was to protest against Germany's invasion of Belgium as a subversion of human rights. There are some Americans not wholly Anglicized who agree with him; but the great body of Americans do not. It has been a difficult task to keep neutral in a war which the United States did not begin, does not approve and in which it has a profound desire to have no part. If Mr. James should sever the slen der tie- between him and America, we should endeavor to survive - the blow. But what will he have accomplished? THAT "GJSVEROCS COJaMtSSIOSf, An extraordinary effort is made) by a Portland journal, avowing a devoted and faithful support of President Wil son, but practicing a bogus and hypo critial Americanism, to show that the latest note to Germany is a "generous concession? to the imperial govern ment. The "generous concession" con sists in an explicit declaration hy the President that Germany can obey In ternational law, but deliberately re fuses. It is recalled that the American note of May 13, . following the L-usl-tania tragedy, asserted that submarine warfare could not Justly be waged against any merchantman, because it "is practically impossible for them the submarines) to make a prize of her, and if they cannot put a prize crew aboard of her, they cannot sink her without leaving all on board of her to the mercy of the sea in small boats." "These facts," declares the Presi dent (May 13)., "the imperial Ger man government frankly admits." Evidently the President, was merely restating Germany's case. But now President Wilson insists that "the events of the past two months have clearly indicated that it is possible and practicable to conduct such submarine operations as have characterized the activities of the im perial German navy within the so called war zone in substantial accord with the accepted practices of regu-J lated warfare. In other words, it is practicable for Germany, in her submarine policy, to obey the public law. But Germany does not. That Is the kernel of the American protest. It is a circumstance of trifling moment that in the begin ning the President thought a breach of international usage and neutral rights Inevitable to submarine attacks on merchantmen. Kow be discovers that it is not. Tet a vigorous and firm insistence by President Wilson that Germany obey the law, and a clear showing that violations of the law which it is practicable to obey, are on that ac count all the more inexcusable, is hailed as a "generous concession" to Germany. There are some sad cowards among President Wilson's own political fol lowers. TOO .Ml'C'II PCBHC 6HRV1CE. Without a doubt the same justifica tion that the secretary to the Mayor presents for the increase in number of employes in his department could be presented with equal force as to al most every other addition to- the city's pay roll. Similar extenuation could be offered by every individual who is living beyond his means. There is hardly a family in Portland which does not know of some household equipment or service that would pro mote comfort, health, security or hap piness, but which must be foregone because of expense entailed. The city of Portland has extended a supervision over private and public affairs that is conducive to health and morality. But it is not impossible to reach the point where worry and ef fort in the quest for money with which to pay for additional inspection may cause a loss in morals and health greater than that gained. A time when practically every busi ness organization is retrenching ought to be an opportune time for a munici pal government at least to hold ex penditures down to the old level. But there has been no organized, system atic effort at the City Hall to obtain economy. Rather the purpose has seemed to be to install ways of tick ling the public fancy never before heard of in Portland. The cost of municipal government in Portland has gone beyond reason able bounds. At the present rate the efficiency and economy" of commis sion government are costing the tax payers about 3450,000 more a year than did the discredited councilmanic government that Just preceded it. Retrenchment to the extent that conditions require cannot be prac ticed without sacrifice of service and activities that are nice to have. But municipal service and activities cannot be maintained in their present scope without entailing a greater sacrifice. Money is not easily made in times like these. The state has found a way to save. The county is retrenching ex cept in the vital matter of roadbuild lng. It is high timg the city followed suit. ROOM AT THE TOP. There has always been an impera tive demand in the world of business for men of urjusual ability and very likely there always will be. Today, as in the past, there is an oversupply of "common material" and a dearth of "preferred stock." This truth is more politely expressed by saying, in the words of the old maxim, that "there is always room at the top" while the foot of the ladder is surrounded by a hungry and clamorous throng. Theo dore Xewton Vail, president of the American Telephone & Telegraph Company, says he wants "half a dozen ten-thousand-dollar men," while he can fill his "thousand-dollar jobs a dozen times over." The big Job hunts the man and often fails to find him, while the little man hunts the job and sometimes does not catch.it. The positions in the industrial world which pay large salaries usually require executive ability and experience. When a man has demonstrated capacity in these departments there is hardly any limit to the salary he can command. The celebrities who draw 350,000 or 3100,000 a year are executive officials. They earn their money by their power of combination, of imposing efficient methods upon armies of workmen. and of adapting processes to condi tions upon a large scale. Their work demands Intelligence, wide knowledge in their particular field and the inborn gift of "handling men." This gift can be improved by cultivation, but, like poetry, it must be inborn or it never will reach its full growth. But there are certain kinds of su preme ability for which there never has been any insistent demand In the world. Jpbody cares , particularly whether a young poet develops his faculty or not. Usually if he under takes to do so he must pusH his way against obstacles and look for but lit tle reward. Our greatest poet, Walt Whitman, had neither wealth nor honor while he was living. Poverty hunted Poe to the grave and slander pursued his memory for half a cen tury. There are many writers of our day who have accumulated comfort able fortunes, but they have not done it by their literary power so much as by their executive, or business, ability Not ,long ago one of the magazines printed a series of portraits of what it was pleased to call "Captains of Industry." The series Included such authors as George Ade, Roy McCar dell and Ruper Hughes, who have made money by exploiting their writ ings to the last penny. Our real men of letters, like Howells, make no more than a comfortable livelihood by their pens. We recur to these matters in order to give point to the reminder that it U only certain kinds of ability that can look for heavy financial re wards. Poets may possibly get rich by courting the Muse, but the chances are against them. They will be lucky if their genius is recognized a century after they are dead and a monument set up over their moldering skeletons. THE EASTLAND MYSTERY. The Eastland disaster has thrown the authorities into such bewilder ment that they are unable to think clearly about it. One proposes one theory to account for this inexcusable calamity; another proposes another theory. And all their theories miss the main point, which is that the pas sengers -on a heavily-loaded boat were permitted- to crowd together at one side. Any boat will list when this is done. All careful authorities avoid it. The Eastland not only listed, but sank, which indicates that she was not sea worthy to begin with. If this is so the local inspectors should have known it. Perhaps if they had been as busy with their duties before the catastrophe as they now are in ex plaining, it would not have happened. The Eastland had taken 2500 pas sengers on board. This means that it had on deck a shifting weight of some 125 tons, enough to disturb the equilibrium of any vessel unless it is well distributed. On the Eastland no effort was made to distribute It, The vessel sat high out of the water, so that at beet it was unstable. When the passengers crowded to one side they created an enormous moment of momentum, as mathematicians call it, about the center of gravity. The ef fect was to overturn the tottering craft like a top-heavy toy. This miserable catastrophe teaches again the old, old lesson which it seems as if we never should learn, "It is better to be Eafe than sorry." Tears following such calamities are Inevi table, but they do not make matters better. Rigorous inspection, faithful and impartial attention to duty by the authorities, adequate policing of the crowd on board the vessel, are pre requisite to safety. Above all It is essential that vessels to which human life is entrusted should be sound and seaworthy. The practice of turning into excursion boats craft which are too badly out of repair to use for goods must be broken up in some -way. Finally let us try to be honest about these matters. When we have mur dered a thousand human beings by greed and carelessness let us not try to cover our guilt by senseless specu lations about the cause, as if It were some deep mystery. PLANNING NATIONAL DEFKNSE. Perturbance Is felt by the Chicago Tribune at the attitude of Chairman Hay, of the military committee -of the House, who Is inclined to be reticent as to whether he will support the Administration's military programme after it has been devised in .the War Department. Mr. Hay is on record as saying he will advocate the programme if it appeals to him as reasonable after being presented. He Intimates that a poorly balanced scheme of military development might be presented, and suggests that in such an event he might not see fit to advocate the War Department plans. Mr. Hay's attitude on this question is worthy of emulation. Mr. Hay In dicates a profound knowledge of War Department temperament. More Regular Army, more rank for more Army officers, appear to be about the limit of the War Department s capac ity to formulate an adequate mili tary policy. Mr. Hay is an avowed advocate of the militia pay bill, which measure he regards, in common with many others, as the final step in the development of the citizen soldiery of the country into an effective auxiliary force. The evolution in the organized militia of the country has been marked since the Spanish-American War, and while It still falls short of being an effective force, that same thing can be said of the Army, which is little more than a National police force, with no larger organization or mobility. The thing needed to bring the Army up to standard is concen tration and enlargement along liberal lines. The thing needed to bring the organized militia up to standard is Federal pay, which may be made the basis of larger ' Federal control and increased efficiency. The War Department officers will And that they have made a serious mistake if they attempt to launch a system of military defense which fails to take into full consideration our citizen soldiery. Doubtless they will attempt nothing of the sort, but until their plan Is on Tecord Mr. Hay and others In Congress do well to with hold Judgment on the War Depart ment's forthcoming programme. A BLIND BOATBCILDER, John B. Herreshoff. the boat builder, is dead. He is everywhere mentioned with respect because, al though he was blind, he built some of the best and fastest boats in the world. The firm of which he was a member consisted of John and his brother Nathaniel, but the former. In spite of hia blindness, made the de signs upon which the race-winning boats sent out by the firm were built. His plan was to let a tentative model slip smoothly through his hands. If It glided with very little resistance he knew that it would do .the same through the water. In thi3 way he made his muscular sense serve the purpose of sight and it gave him bet ter results than most men get from the use of their eyes. Herreshoff came of a boatbuilding and shlpowning ancestry. His original forbears were Prussian, but they set tled in New England before the Revo lution, so that John was as good an American as any child of the Pil grims. The two Herreshoff brothers carried on their work of boatbuilding In unbroken harmony and attained brilliant success. Several cup-winning yachts were constructed by them. John Herreshoffs interesting ca reer contains a lesson for our schools If the muscular senses can be made to replace eyes for the blind it seems as if It might be educated to increase the efficiency of those who can see It has been the custom in our schools to educate the ear and eye. in certain particulars, though not up to their possibilities by any means, and let the other senses deteriorate. So far has this process of neglect been pursued that the human hand, so useful to primitive man, has become almost an aborted member in the modern world among what are called "the educated classes. They are not really educated, for they lack a great many desirable hu man capacities. They would be hap pier and more useful if all their fac ulties had been developed at school. The main reason why our legal proc esses have run so badly to seed in technicalities is the hopelessly ab stract education we give our lawyers. That half of their brains which must be reached through the hand is al ways left untitled, so that many of them seem to think with only half their minds, and of course their think ing is sadly awry. Our public schools received their first directive Impulse and formed their vital traditions under primitive conditions when grinding toil was the common lot and the intellectual voca tions offered the only road to leisure, honor and wealth. They were there fore naturally overrated and the stud- es which led to them pushed every thing else out of the curriculum. Why study the art of manual exertion, when it had nothing to offer but unrelaxing and badly rewarded toil? But conditions are now radically al tered. The callings which depend upon manual skill return rich rewards in honor and comfort. It is found, too. that an exclusively "cultural" educa tion defeats Jts own purpose by pro ducing a sterile type of mind Incapa ble of dealing with practical problems. The kind of mental training which enabled blind John Herreshoff te build the best boats In the world should give an ordinary youth the power to hold his own In the. field of ndustry. The trouble with such hand educa lon as we have is .that it does not begin soon enough or last long enough. Worse still, it is not corre lated with (he culture studies In such a way as to make education a con nected and fruitful whole. What we want In the schools Is, not less cul ture, but a great deal more tying up of culture with muscular skill - and activity. And this educational im provement is no more needed by the 'laboring classes" than by the (wealthy and leisured. In his "School and Society" article on "Athletics by Proxy," president Foster tells of a football coach who protested against students using the college athletic field "merely for fun." That Is what might be ex pected of a coach who makes a busi ness of athletics. As sane observers see it. the athletic field should be used for fun and nothing else the whole some fun that promotes health and study. We have become so hardened by war news that such a report as "Ten thousand slain in half an hour" bare ly stirs our sluggish Interest. Are the American people. In common with the rest of the world, becoming used to such things? Apparently so. And this being true, the peace propa gandists have even less basis for their hope that perpetual and universal peace will follow the present war. Chicago is Issuing "baby bonds" for sums varying from 325 to $125 and offering them directly to the people. As might have been expected, they are eagerly bought. This plan of sell ing bonds has long been practiced In France for government as well as municipal Issues. It gives the people a safe investment for their savings and binds their hearts to their coun try by the strongest of ties. The recent walnut growers' meet ing at McMinnvllle signalizes the rapid development of a promising Oregon industry. They will meet again November 6 to perfect an organization. to which Washington growers may possibly be admitted. This has been a favorable season for walnut groves The trees have made a heavy growth and the crop of nuts is said to be large. Bryan's latest bit of logic proves too much. Ho argues that Teddy must not use the big stick because "it was not mentioned by Christ." But free silver was not mentioned by him either, nor government ownership of railroads. So if the Colonel is obliged to give up his favorite weapon we do not see how Mr. Bryan can keep his favorite hobbles. If the Germans have captured 131,- 250 Rusians In the last ten days, they would better head them east and give them a running start toward home That number of hungry Moujiks will eat a lot of food. Canada lowers the height of re cruits to five feet two inches and dis pels the charm, for one naturally ex pects a Canadian warrior to be a six- footer of the pattern of the fighting Scot- According to a dispatch the Panama Canal is paying expenses. It is weT that we get some of our money back during the time we are allowed to re tain the Canal. American tourists are missed this year at the British resorts; but once the war is over they will flock all over Europe to see the delightful lot of new ruins. Why do we never see a fat "fair swimmer" posing for a dive? Is this form of athletics to be monopolized by the slim creations? Good idea to withdraw American Red Cross people from Europe by October. First aids are needed here and in Mexico. Another American ship Is sunk, and Washington Is "shocked." Washing ton ought to be accustomed to jars by this time. It evervbodv knew, as it seems h did. the Eastland was unsafe. Federal action ia necessary to punish some people. ' German submarines have got the range on the route to Archangel. It might be called Summer target prac tice. Italy purposes to buy meat and grain here to last a year, and we have It for stUe for spot cash f. o. b. Have the elements the nerve to turn a shower loose just now at the regular time for the dry spell? v Better lay in supplies today. The grocer would not open shop tomor row "for a million dollars." Becker is near the chair, but Bourke Cockran's eloquence may push him away. European War Primer By National Geographical Society. Deep In the heart of European Rus sia, more than TOO miles from the German frontier, guarded over the In tervening space by lake country. marsncs and Innumerable rlverways, always certain of reinforcement by the bleakest of Winter weather, with its heavy, blinding drift of snow, is Moscow, the old capital of Russia, the -city against whose walls the craft of .poleon smashed. Moscow seem more secure from war horrors and de vastation than any other metropolis witnin me connnes of the fighting na tions. Moscow belongs alike to the Orient and the Occident, more, however, to no -mt man to the West. It ia fur ther east than Jerusalem, and behind It extends a vast, sparsely settled, half- clvlllzed. limitless, little-known region. weeping trie Arctic b'en to our went and China. Moscow ia the pulse of this vast and undeveloped region, and through It have flowed endless streams of pioneers in peace times, on the mis sion of civilization to the bleak north ern plains and their Asiatlo natives. To the Russian. Moscow Is a sacred city; to the stranger It is a city of sur passing beauty; to both it is the heart and soul of Russia. e Irregularly built, the intricate and uncommonly Involved plan of this mighty city adds to its charm upon acquaintance. Ita streets are one of its most trying experiences to the foreigner, mostly badly paved and filled with "raisins." as the cabdrlvers call the sharp, projecting stones over which tliclr ancient droshkiea lurch. Then, too. the magnificent and the sordid are oddly mingled in the city's architecture. ana beside the wonderful cathedral and the impressive government structure one area the mean buildings of pov erty. Tho peasant, the gentleman and the millionaire are Inextricably mixed up in external Moscow. Moscow Is a city of churches. Their brilliantly colored tower domes, strik ing bulbous affairs, llko upturned beets or onions, or often mottled like a Hol land cheese, give a delightful piquancy to the city's panoramas. First of the Moscow sanctuaries Is the renowned Church of the Savior, one of the most luxurious temples In the world, a tem ple proving the warmth of Imagination and the love of splendor of the North. Built In the form of a Greek cross, perfectly proportioned. Its cream-col ored marble base and bright domes are a feast of beauty, while Its Interior la an awe-lnsplrlng medley of precious atones, metals and marbles. The Kremlin, the heart of Russia's heart, the anrlertt fortress of the cisy. Moscow's Acropolis, la the point of greatest Interest to the visitor. The Kremlin Is the Inner circle of Moscow, wherein are situated the treasury, the araenal. the Imperial palace, sacred temples, and around which are drawn heavy battlements of masonry. Within the confines of the Kremlin, the first city on the alte of Moscow grew; the modern town extends In an outer ring around It. Most of the Kremlin es caped unharmed from Napoleon's vis itation, though Ita towers were scarred by the fires to which the retreating Russians endeavored to sacrifice their cltr. The largest bell In the world Is pre served here In Moscow, with almost enough metal In It to make a modern battleship. There are many hundreds of relics of Napoleon's visit here- abandoned cannon and cannon balls of the French and their allies. Tho fa mous palace In the Kremlin la one of the richest buildings In the world. builded and decorated and filled with a luxury that is oppressive to tnose un accustomed to association In environ ments of boundless wealth. The treas ury of the Kremlin is a marvelous col lection of priceless historic relics and souvenirs of the past. THE LOW BROW. The low brow has not been a thing de- snlsed. Though in the scheme assigned a minor place Creation's plan his variously devised The one his thoughts, the others humbler face. The low brow toils. Is honest or Is not While knowledge feels the burning tears of woe. And miming thus upon the others' lot Would often change his learning for the low. The low brow looks above, a flowless ski- Beholds the sun. the moon, the solemn stars: The high brow decks to know the ret son why. The song of life thus ringing In his ears. The high brow too oft dies a manly death. Reveala a soul enaircled with human love. And reckons not. but freely yields his breath Ton tragic scenes upon old ocean prove. 4 The low brow has as aurely proved hia worth In moments fraught with misery and woe. And Justly claims his right, a manly birth. Although his lot he cast among the low. , And granting that he be a patriot. The word itself Is pliable and nenc When "freedom" droops you will as like as not Find him aligned on cither aide of the fence. From this we find the world la but a stage. The high, the low. Important In the nlav. And as each soul pursues his pilgrim- asre May leave a light for others on the way. Oh, man, arouse thee from thy sleep awake! The kv of love and hope Is over all: Come, grasp the hand of brotherhood and shaka: A common mother speaks; obey the call. GEORGE H. SANDS. The Lead et Opportunity. From Leslie's. Opportunity! Those pessimists who assert that the day of great oppor tunity In this country has passed away should consider the career of the welt known captain of Industry whose com pany haa Just Increased Its capital Block from 12.000,000 to $100,000,000 and declared a atock dividend of $48,000. 000. In 1S91 there was a mechanic In Detroit with apparently no better prospects of advancement than any of his fellows In that calling. But he sought for opportunity and found It. He-devlsed a gasoline engine, and1 later completed his first automobile, making nearly every part or It with nia own hands. Now he and his partners are millionaires several times over, with the best of chances of Increasing their riches Indefinitely. There Is no better proof thai this incident affords of the fact that opportunity exists' today In this country even more abundantly than in tho past for every one who will seize It. For such the bread line and bundle day and pensions for the unemployed have no allurement. Confirmation ef Ills Rights. Louisville Courier-Journal. "I have Just been reading the Consti tution of the United States." "TTeUT "And I was surprised to find out how many rights a fellow really has." N. Nitts on Extremes By Dm Collins. Nesciua Nitts, sage of Puakindorf Sta tion. Paw three gnats disporting In light recreation; Three nicotine Jets caused their ex termination; Then Nesclus roused from hia deep meditation And made on extremes a profound dissertation. "I notes by the papers that Bryan and Teddy Is both lalkin' loud and persistent and ateady. And both. In this talkln persistent, abides. Concern In' the question, on opposite sides; Which same gives a contrast that's truly excltln' As each of them two round the country goes ltltin'. "Fer Bryan Is yearnin' on earth to re lease. By sweet non-resistance, an era of peace: - While Teddy hops in with a blood thirsty roar, A-pawin' the turf and demandin of gore: And thua they continues, without any truce As soon as one pauses, the other busts loose. "Around through the country they dashes and spiels. Almost both a-treadin" on each other's heels. And Brynn no sooner has laid down the dust Along life's rough highway, till It geta II muased And kicked up In war-clouds obscurln" the view When Teddy comes lustily trumpetln through. The popular fancy Is harried and drove From alternate visions of eagle and elove. And Teddy says anyone's chances la slim Who 'Iowa they are goln' to Chinafy mm; And says that a nation don't cut any ice Tbat's yalpln for peace at Jest any old price. Around the whole circuit these two fellera seems To Jest be a-hlttin extremest extremes As Bryan around through the country is chased By Teddy a-lookln' fer things to lam baste; And It 'peara like to me. after tliua I have seen 'am. The real truth must be lyin some where between em. OIR BOY JIM. At the school examination when wa sot back In the crowd Watchin of the hull proceedin's we was goshamlrhty proud. An I noticed that hia mother had a teardrop In her eye. An my own old gray-fringed blinkers wa n t uncomfortably dry. Fur the one that graduated at'the head of all the school Wasn't any goldfish swimmln' in the rlstocratlc pool- No. there wasn't any sky-blue blooded pedigree in him. Fur the boy that tuk tho honor cake was our boy Jim. An' up yonder In the Courthouse when he pleaded his fust case An' the Jury give a verdtck without risin" from their place. An' the lawyers crowded "round him an' the judae come off his seat Fur to compliment his talent. I could scarco control mv feet. Couldn't hardly keep from dancin. an' I wanted fur to whoop At the way he soused tha lawyer fur the plaintiff in the soup. But. although he swum in honor an' they made a heap of him. In the heart of his old daddy he was our boy Jim. Then when me an' his old mother want to hear a famous case An' we saw him there a-aettin' on tha bench with solemn face. An' tho lawyers was a-callln' him "your honor" and "the court," How we felt our bosoms swcllin' an our happy hearts cavort! There he set Jest like a statue, full o' dignity an" law. Jest the very grandest picture of a man we ever saw. An' while our old hearts was awellln" full o' pride clear to the brim I kep whisperin' to mother It waa our boy Jim. But the golden fire o' glory was sot blaxin' In our souls T'other night when I come singin' Yankee Doodle from the polls An' Jest hollered out to mother they'd elected of our ron Fur to go an' set In Congress 'way back there In Washington. Ort to seen us hug each other an' a-kissin' Jeat like kida. An' the tears a-overf lowln' o' the dam beneath their lids. An a-ragrtn' an' a-waltxin' till our heads begun to swim. An' a-tellirV of each other It was our boy Jim. JAMES BARTON ADAMS. , TO sKCIRK .vation.il DF.rE-.src. Let (ietermaaeet Eiekisge f.4 neat toe al Advantages for Military Service. PORTLAND, July (To the Edi tor.) May I offer tho following sug gestion as a possible means to over come the lack of National defense. Why not a National military univer sity? I mean by this a system of uni versities maintained by the Govern ment of the United States, having sta tions distributed throughout the coun try, the qualifications for or.taln.lng a station being based upon the popula tion of a district. These universities, or this system of universities, would furnish a complete courso in any trade or profession any student thereof abould choose, and furnish this course free, and the stu dent In turn obligate himself to devote four to six years of his life or what ever time is necessary to finish his education In conjunction with his mili tary training, and further obligate himself to be in readlnesa aa a reserve citizen soldier to take up arms in de fense of bis country should it be neces sary at any time thereafter. The expense would not be as etc at as that of maintaining a large stand ing army, and would have a very evi dent advantage over the present system In view of the fact that after the student had completed his course he would be better fitted to make a live lihood than the average man. The pres ent system seems to have a tendency to unfit a man to make a livelihood after he has served his time In the Army. All commissioned offices would be filled from the ranks by the merit system, and none receive pay except those furnished by the United States Government as Instructors. I could go Into details and enlarge on thia to considerable extent, but have said enough to give a general idea of the plan suggested, and believe It will bear Investigation. C. VERNON1 MACK. I. ens Ranee Cannen. ABKI1DEEN, Wash.. July 13. (To the Editor.) Haa the I nited Statra built or la It building at present a cannon that will shoot oO miles? KKADCM No, Twenty.Five Years Ago Frem the Ore;ontn of July :7. lttO. Buffalo Bill's Wild West Show is prospering. Mr. Heibctt, French am bassador. Dr. Phelps. American min ister, and a number of other diplomats and Americans were present at a recent performance. The health commissioner Insisted upon a general inspection be fore he would sanction the opening ef the exhibition. An Immense bed of gypsum has been discovered in the viclnitr of Grants rass. Tho Courier calls for experts to como and examine It. John Troy has discovered what he thinka to be an extended bed of asbes tos on the banks of the Rogue River. ome distance below the mouth of the Illinois River. During the fiscal year endintr June 10. Seattle expended nearly a half million dollars on street work. rrofessor L. Lincoln will- deliver a lecture on "Memory" Wednesday even- inc. July 30. at Masonic Hall at S o'clock. You are invited to come and learn how you may acquire the habit of "never forgetting." The cooling apparatus in Corrlray's theater is working now like a charm. The air Is changed every six minutes. Pure, fresh air is pumped into the theater hy a Urge exhaut-t fan revolv ing rapidly, making too revolutions per minute. At the matinee Saturday It waa I'ka stepping cut of a refrigera tor. This Improvement In ventilating la new on the coast and la Mshly appreciated by the lai;i audiences that continually vUu this popular theater. Colonel Keen and staff went yes terday on horseback to Hlllahoro to Inspect Company B, First liegiment. ". N. G. l-at Saturday they went to Oregon City to attend tho inspection and muster of Company F. and next Saturdny they go to Astoria to Inspect Company H. Now Is the time to announce the sise of large fruits. A peach plum waa picked from the orchard In the yard of Mr. V. D. Carter. In the southern part f the city, which meas ured seven and a ven-elRhtha Inches In circumference. Half a Century Ago 1 Krom The Oreaniii of July VT. 1Y A stroll of an hour any day when buolnrhs is In progress aNout tbe me-cl-snical anj laiormir purls of tlie city :il do lit rnot inactive p rit among us good and him in con Incins the dull-hearted that if life la but a span, some may be found in tlia city mho know how to drlxe it. Tle Maxe and keg factory of Burns V lane is well orth some notice. It is a new enter prise ana ts now fully under way. The New Path, a monthly art Jour nal published in New York City. In commenting upon the collection of new painllnars at the Mural Art Associa tion's gallery, speaks with a great deal of fu!lnr on Mr. Kierstailte "Mount Hood." The same Journsl refera to Gignoux's pictures of Mount Jefferson and Mount Adams, late-lv exhibited at Goupll's. and says ef them that they are about as much like the place as they are like the ewita Alps. In company with Mr. Mera we yes terday paid tlie building In wl ich ha sells the patent turbine water-wheel and patent Jacks for raisins buildinits. etc.. s vim. He now has on hand In this city some -o of these marvelously powerful water-wheels, ranging In ca pacity from 10 to -io-horsepow er. It is reported that Captain Len White haa recently returned to t'olvllle. from the tapper Columbia, bringing nes confirming former reports in re gard to the gold dlorovenes there. A town has been laid off at Little Dalles. 20 miles above Fort Colville. which is to be the landing point of Captain White's new boat One of the ship carpenters, son of Captain Clinton, at work in repairing the barkenline J. A. Falkenhurg, waa yesterday badly cut In the hip by an adx in the hand of a fellow workman. The wound was dressed at rnilh &. Davis' drugstore. Dr. Ralph Wilcox has been appointed clerk of the Circuit and District Court of the United States, in the place of Hamilton Uoyd, who resigned. John Mullen, of Cow Creek, lias writ ten a letter to Governor A. C Gibbs. rehearsing die indan troubles in South eastern Oregon. PORTLAND. July Is. (To the Edi tor.) llavimr occasion with others to visit Laurelhurst I'ark Sunday after noon, we found on arrival there the sprinkling system In full operation, some IS or IS double sprinklers scat tered over the beautiful rart of the park and Just on the Ideal spots here visitors usually congregate, .mi rounu tlie bandstand on every side was in a sodsy, wet condition with standing water pools. Kven the scats were being treated to a Sunday bath. This opera tion continued until i I. M. As Sunday Is the only day of leisure for the majority of people to enjoy the parks. what sense is there in having them in such condition? tuae ly sufficient sprinkling can be done throualt the week and If they are ao anxious to sptlnkle on Sunday let them do so on the outlying parts and newly-seeded grass. C1T1ZUN. Baring tor Iter llnbhy. Philadelphia ledger. "I want a pair of panta for my sick husband." exclaimed the young bride. What sixeT" asked the clerk. "I don't know, hut I think he wears a 111 col lar." IteU C'reea and Danrlnc. Tuck. Madxc Po you feel better sir.ee you gave up dancing and devoted yourself to Red Cross work? Marjorie Indeed I do. dear. I've had my name in the paper nine times. flood Bye te a Soldier. Ixiidon Punch. Old Lady lo nephew on leave from the front) Goodbye, my dear boy. and try and rind time to send a poatcard to let ma know you are safely back in the trenches. What Advertisers Say A manufacturer of tea: "Results are obtained by quality and then the usa of the dally newspaper co umns." A manufacturer ef corsets: "It Is within my personal knowledge that the largest corset business in the world has been built up by newspa per advertising alone" A manufacturer of chewing gum: "Newspaper advertising hits the spot we want to reach . .. . car ries our story to the. consumer with his dally news ... does effective team work with the local dealer." An advertising agent: "My motto is, newspapers first." Abk the others who have won success In the dailies and you. too. will say: "X A T T O N A L ADVERTISERS Nr.KD N K WS r A r F. R.S." f