8
TIIE MORNING OREGONIAN. SATURDAY, JULY 17, 1913.
. t rORTLAKD, OREGON.
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Eastern Rndnu. Off l.'A . r, Conk-
Hn. Brunswick building. New York; Verrea i The verdict of the 1urv which nro-
A Conklln, Sieger building, Chicago: San I ' . 1 e Jur w mcn pro
Kramlsco representative, K. J. Bidwell, 7-njjnouncea Harry Thaw sane is more
- ' a ' " c.icc
, rORTUOiD, SATURDAY, JULY 17. 1915.
I IJECISIOX NEAR IN THK BALKANS.
!J The next month promises to bring
J to a head the struggle of the two
jj groups of belligerents to win the three
; remaining Balkan states to their side.
:'The bid by the Teuton powers for the
aid of Roumania, accompanied by a
.warning of what will happen if she
;! turns against them; the agreement of
'.the three Balkan Kings to meet and
'agree on a common policy; the ap
(;pearance of British troops in Serbia;
' and the slow but steady progress of
I the allies on the Gallipoli Peninsula
''all point that way.
I. The central empires have chosen an
! I opportune time for summoning Rou-
mania to decide whether to cast her
i fortunes with them or against them.
'.'They have practically cleared Gallcia
of Russians and have given such
proof of power under the very eyes
of Roumania that that state may well
.pause to consider whether adoption of
the allies' cause might not bring in
vasion upon it, with final loss of ter
ritory. The offer of Bessarabia is a
tempting bait, for the loss of that
province is a greater source of morti
fication to Roumania than are Alsace
and Lorraine to France. The latter
provinces were taken by a successful
foe, but Bessarabia was taken from
Roumania by her ally, Russia, In
1878, and the Dobrudscha, which was
.'taken from Turkey and given as com
pensation,' was scarcely a fair equiva
lent. When to the recovery of the lost
province are offered accessions of ter
ritory in Bukowina and Transylvania,
Roumania may well waver. Bessa
rabia forms the entire boundary of
the kingdom, extends eastward to the
Pniester River and has a stretch of
Black Sea coast reaching -nearly t6
Odessa. The high price offered by
the central empires was due to the
embargo which Roumania placed on
transport of war material through her
territory to Turkey, which is in sore
reed.
The conference of Kings has been
called because a decision must soon
be made as to which caujse Roumania,
Bulgaria and Greece shall espouse, or
whether they shall remain neutral and
forfeit a share of Turkey through
their dissensions or their fear of con
sequences in the event of final Teuton
victory. Each party has made a bid
for Bulgaria's adhesion, but the de
cision really lies with Greece, which
refuses to give up a part of Macedonia
demanded by Bulgaria. The war
party headed by Venezelos was re
ported to have a majority in the new
Greek Parliament, but reports come
from Athens that a cabal is being
formed to defeat Venezelos' candidate
for President of the chamber and to
force a new election, while Venezelist
papers charge the Germans with at
tempting in vain to corrupt some of
their leader's adherents.
The Bending of British troops to
Berbia was no doubt prompted by sev
fral motives, political as well as
strategic. By aiding the Serbians and
Montenegrins in renewing hostilities
on Austria's southeastern frontier,
Britain may force Austria to divert
troops to that quarter and thus may
relieve Russia from the tremendous
pressure on the Polish front. A moral
Influence will also be exerted on the
other Balkan states to- hasten their
decision and to induce a decision in
favor of the allies. Another link la
added to the chain which the allies
have striven to draw around Austria.
If Roumania should join them, Aus
tria would be girdled with enemies
Russia on the northeast, Roumania on
the east, Serbia, Montenegro and Italy
on the south.
In face of determined resistance,
the allies are pushing their advance
a. few hundred yards at a time on the
Gallipoli peninsula. Their immediate
"objective is the forts on the European
'Pide of the Narrows, from which they
hope to bombard the Asiatic forts, but
the Turks and their German military
advisors have placed mobile artillery
on the hills, rendering the advance
slow and costly in men and ammuni
tion. At the present rate of progress
months may be consumed in occupy
3ng the 40-mile stretch from Cape
Helles to the Isthmus of Bulair, un
less large reinforcements are secured
oi a diversion Is made by an attack
from another quarter. The slower the
allies' progress, the less ready will be
; the Balkan states to Join them, but
.. the allies cannot well accelerate their
progress without aid from the Balkan
J armies or from Italy. The latter
j country seems to have centered its
' forces on he invasion of Austria, and
has not even declared war on "Turkey.
Under these circumstances the co
; operation of a British army with Ser-
bia and Montenegro in an invasion of
Austria from the southeast seems a
good stroke of politics as well as strat
i cgy. If a large enough force should
' be sent to undertake a vigorous offen-
slve, it would cause Austria to draw
,some troops from Galicia and leave
to the Germans the weight of the
struggle against Russia, and it might
cause the other Balkan states to throw
In their lot with the allies. It offers
ha nee of an early issue of the Dar
danelles campaign and of a turn of
the tide in favor of Russia.
ATOHTJOX TO THE MERCHANT MARINE.
But for the admission of foreign
built ships to American register, the
additions to the American merchant
marine In the fiscal year ending June
30 would have been the smallest in
any recent year. Only 122 6 vessels of
215,000 gross tons were built, as com
pared with 1291 vessels of 311,000
gross tons in the preceding fiscal year.
The number of foreign-built vessels
registered in the last fiscal year was
147, of 528,000 gross tons. To this
cause alone is due the large increase
In pur merchant, murine of 744,000
gross tons, which exceeds that of
71S.000 tons In 1908.
The fiscal year just opened may
make a better showing ' of American
built ships, as all the shipyards are
fully employed and some are being
enlarged, but a large part of this ac
tivity is due to the war.. Prices of
steel plates are much lower in this
country than in Europe, and cost of
other materials and of labor is. tem
porarily at least, near an equality.
Lid our laws permit ships to be oper
ated under, the American flag as
cheaply as under foreign flags, the
present conditions in regard to ship
building would cause rapid expansion
or our merchant marine. But ob
structive laws frighten capital away
from shipowning under our flag and
we build ships to sail under foreign
flags and to foster the commerce of
other nations.
I THAW FREE TO KIIX AC, A IV.
than a .-.i-..-.. 1 t. .. u. . 1
v . t . . i i j L nit vciuivi ul trie
earlier jury which pronounced him in
sane. The earlier verdict was based
on expert testimony, the entire tenor
of -which was that Thaw was afflicted
with paranoia, which all medical au
thorities hold to be incurable. The
later verdict by implication, therefore,
declares that Thaw never was a para
noiac, for, if he had been, he could
not now be sane.
Unless it can be shown that, when
Thaw shot Stanford White, he was
subject to some curable form of insan
ity, he must at that time have been
sane and legally responsible for his
acts. He should, therefore, have been
executed. But, having once been
placed in jeopardy and held irrespon
sible because insane, he cannot now be
punished.
The fact was brought out at the
trial for murder that paranoia is a
most dangerous, insidious form of in
sanity. It remains dormant and its
victim is to all appearances sane until
some Incident makes his particular
delusion active. Then this delusion.
the product of paranoia, unseats his
reason and he goes out to kill.
By the most extraordinary series of
maneuvers the Thaw millions have
been able to fool the law in a most
shameful manner. They have made
the law an instrument for thwarting
us own purpose. Without unlimited
money no such a parody on justice
would nave been possible. The very
law which should have either brought
White's slayer to the electric chair or
should at least have put him where
it would be impossible for him to kill
another that law turns Thaw loose,
free to kill another person whenever
his insane' rage gains control of his
acts.
Could the people realize the dire
consequences of. this perversion of
law, they would never rest until the
absurd anachronisms which made it
possible were swept away.
THE PIIXJROl 6HRINERS.
The Xobles of the Mystic Shrine,
who have been pouring through Port
land from Seattle for the last two
days, on their way home or to the
San Kranclsco Fair, are an offshoot of
the higher Masonic bodies. Though
their order is not a part of the Ma
sonic organization,- all of them are
Masons.
The Shriners uphold the high prin
ciples of conduct which distinguish
the Masonic order and give generous
aid to Masons in distress and to the
poor at Christmas. They perpetuate
the cultivation of Oriental mysteries,
knowledge of .which was brought
home from a foreign trip by W. J.
Florence, the actor. famous among
the older generation for his rendering
of "Col. Sellers." He revealed these
mysteries to Dr. Walter M. Fleming
at New York in 1871 and on June 16
of that year they established the first
temple with thirteen members. A
temple of eleven members was organ
ized on January 4. 1875, at Rochester,
X. Y., and by 1879 there were thirteen
temples. From that year on the order
spread through the country until
there are now 103 temples in the
United States and Canada.
The Shriners are the most substan
tial men in their several communities
and lay stress on social enjoyment and
good fellowship. They travel in state
and with their red fezzes they spread
a dash of bright color over every city
they visit. By their pilgrimages to
the cities where their Imperial Coun
cil holds its sessions they broaden
their knowledge of the country and
its people and help to knit the Nation
into one.
PRINCETON'S HONOR SVSTEM.
Princeton's honor system Is not so
familiarly known to educators as it
should be. It has been in force at the
university for twenty years and the
Princetonian,' the students' paper,
says that for all that time it has been
"an unqualified success." Naturally
such success has come, not from fac
ulty pressure, but from the free will
of the students which has created in
them a "manly spirit and a high sense
of self-respect." The students' paper
says further that the Princeton meth
od "seems to outsiders too ideal to
exist." The world is skeptical of
everything that rises a little above the
ordinary gross routine of our suspi
cious and peccant life, but happily
such things are not quite extinct.
At Princeton University, as we
learn more in detail from an article
in the Princeton University Press
Club, students virtually conduct their
own examinations. They do every
thing but set the questions. . When
the fixed hour Arrives the men file
into the room 'and choose seats to suit
themselves. Sometimes a student sits
in a corner distant from the others,
sometimes they gather in neighborly
groups. The university makes no reg
ulations upon this point.
At the opening of the examination
there may be two or three professors
in the room, but they soon go out. At
most, one of them remains on the
platform and he spends the time read
ing a book or paper, not in watching
the students. Those who are writing
the examination whisper among them
selves as much as they like. They
often go to their rooms for a little
relaxation and return later to finish
their work. If they wish to do so,
three or four may take a walk to Te
fresh themselves in the middle ofithe
test. It . is all , free, easy and noble.
Each man, when he has done his task,
writes at the end of It, "I pledge my
honor as a gentleman .that I have
neither given nor received assistance
during this examination," and the
pledge is rigorously kept. In Its twen
ty years' experience of the honor sys
tem Princeton has had cases of cheat
ing, but they have been rare and the
students attend to them without fac
ulty intervention.
They have a sort of honor court,
composed of the four class presidents
and two leaders of the student body,
which investigates all charges ot dis-
honesty in examinations. Its proceed
ings are secret a.nd if th
found guilty he Is eliminated from the
university. Nobody but the six Judges
knows why he departs, but his ab
sence is certain to follow upon convic
tion of cheating. This honor court is
so effective that.lt has held but few
sessions of late years. Punishment
for dishonesty is so prompt and cer
tain at Princeton that cases of guilt
seldom occur and such as do come to
light are mainly the faults of new stu
dents. Men who have caught the
spirit of the place are above such
meanness.
We may profitably compare this
Princeton method with that of An
napolis, where cheating, under vigilant
faculty supervision, seems to be the
order of the day at every examination.
The boys at that expensive institution
are not expected to be honorable, and,
if the reports are true, they fully live
up to expectations. Which is the bet
ter way?
VERV CONSERVATIVE.
The Saturday Evening Post says
that the Magna Charta was a reac
tionary document. It won no new
rights, but simply restored those that
had been in existence a century ear
lier. For this reason the Post sees
eminent fitness in the celebration of
the Magna Charta's 700th anniver
sary by the New York Constitutional
Convention.
In truth it docs appear that the
convention will do no more than pol
ish up a few rough edges in the exist
ing constitution and submit to the
voters of New York a document con
taining little not already embraced
In the fundamental law under, which
the state has long operated.
The New York convention's session
of three months has been distin
guished mainly by tho number of pro
posals that have been talked to death.
But even so, according to the New
York Times, "of such doctrines as the
initiative, recall and referendum there
has been scarcely an echo, either In
discussion, debate or proposal before
the convention and the committees.
The Rooseveltian doctrine of recall of
judicial decisions has received no
mention except in disapproval."
Woman suffrage, although discussed,
has been left to the Legislature to
submit and the convention has pro
vided a method by which this can be
done. In other words, the work by
the suffragists at the convention will
have to be started all over again.
The short ballot has failed to
weather the conversational storm.
The proposal provided for the election
only of the Governor and Lieutenant
Governor, all other state officers now
elected to be appointed. While the
Times predicts that the "shorter bal
lot" rather than the "short ballot"
will be embodied in the constitution,
the World correspondent reads in con
vention sentiment the defeat of the
principle.
After six weeks of committee hear
ings the plan to have the present elec
tee Judiciary give way to an appoint
ive system seems to have failed, al
though it may be submitted as an I
alternative proposition and not as an
Integral part of the' new constitution.
The failure is charged to the Influ
ence of politicians.
The exisUng New. York system
which permits the Legislature to en
act laws for the local government of
cities, if modified, w ill probably give
only limited home rule to cities. They
will be permitted to enact charters
and charter amendments, but subject
to the veto of the Legislature. The
bill of rights committee has rejected
an amendment to do away with the
death penalty. . An educational test
for voting -will likely be defeated. Pro
posals to incorporate stock exchanges
and boards of trade have already
been lost.
There Is a possibility that the con
vention will submit amendments en
larging the jurisdiction of inferior
courts and limiting appeals In civil
actions; permitting courts to make
rules of procedure themselves, thus
eliminating much legislative work;
consolidating the court system and
eliminating certain exemptions from
jury duty. It may ateo provide for
consolidation of administrative de
partments and give the Governor
power to initiate the state budget and
limit the Legislature to the right to
reduce, but not to increase any Item
recommended by the Governor. The
latter, like the short ballot proposal,
has the opposition of the politicians.
It is quite plain the New York
electorate will not have opportunity
to adopt anything radical, experi
mental or even any of the doctrines
which many consider progressive.
CANCER TREATMENT.
The death rate' from cancer Is large
and increasing. How to prevent the
suffering and loss of life which are
caused by this disease is a question
which has engaged some of the best
efforts of gifted men. but thus far they
have succeeded only In ascertaining
that it is curable by no other means
than the surgeon's knife. Taken in
time, almost every cancer may be per
fectly extirpated. Neglected too long,
it becomes incurable and leads to in
evitable death. It is a sad fact that
many patients suffering from Incipient
cancers do not know their own con
dition. They do not understand the
symptoms of the disease. Nor is the
public as familiar as it should be
with what is known of the causes
of cancer. Nearly all physicians
agree that persistent irritation is
one of the causes. If not the chief
of all. Dr. George F. Koehler dwells
upon both these points in a paper
published in Northwest Medicine for
July and urges better popular educa
tion in these particulars. Dr. Koehler
argues that If people in general knew
more about the conditions which
probably bring on cancer and about
Its early symptoms the death rate
from that disease might be lowered.
He lays stress upon the "precancer
ous period," during which a lesion
which la not Incurable may pass on
into a true cancer. He sas there Is
probably such a period In every case.
Of course If medical aid ls Invoked
in this preliminary stage it is likely
to be effective. It is therefore extreme
ly important that knowledge of Its
peculiarities should bo widely dif
fused. ' Dr. Koehler pays particular
attention In his article to cancer of
the alimentary tract, since it is in this
vegicn, he tells us. that "two-thirds of
all cancers In the male occur," and
by far the most frequent, of course.
Is cancer of the stomach. ( It seems
thac this terrible malady is more than
likely to begin with an ulcer and. in
some Instances, "the transformation
from uicer to cancer is of alarmln
rapidity." Now an "acid stomach"
occurring persistently is one of the
sure symptoms of ulcer either actual
or nascent. Too much acidity may
set up an ulcer by irritation even in
a well stomach. Where an ulcer has
already begun the arid makes It
worse. It follows clearly enough that
acidity of the stomach is one of the
preliminary symptoms of cancer and
that It should never bo neglected. Dr.
Koehler believes that early operation
upon ulcer of the stomach may per
haps "reduce the mortality of cancer
of the stomach 50 per cent."
As everybody knows by this time,
cancer is more common In mature
persons than In the young. Stomach
troubles which may Indicate the ap
proach of cancer are therefore par
ticularly menacing In men more than
35 years old. Dr. Koehler recom
mends for persons who are thus af
flicted an exploratory Incision to find
our exactly what their condition Is
unless the gastric symptoms yield
promptly to medical treatment. This
Is particulalry Important, he thinks. If
the patient has lost weight, if he
passes blood, or if then Ann hwn oon
cer in his family. It would be well If
Dr. Koehler'a instructive article could
De published In popular form. The
public Is badlv Informed
Important subject and every effort on
the part of competent shriiilann in
spread the light deserves warm
encouragement.
Valdez has the vicissitudes of most
pioneer mining towns. It began with
a fever of activity and with confidence
in . becoming a future metropolis.
When the dead hand of Pinchotlsm
fell on Alaska it settled down to years
oi weary waiting, doubtless with
many buildings empty'and abandoned.
Now fire comes and devours many of
the occupied buildings, together with
some which may have merely cum
bered the ground.
Students of history will sigh to
learn that the sloop-of-war Ports
mouth Is to be broken up. This is
the vessel that took possession of San
Francisco Bay for the United States
in 184 8. and she was AdVniral Farra
gut's flagship on the Mississippi in
the Civil War. In her prime the
Portsmouth was one of the fastest
vessels In the Navy, but ships grow
old and decrepit, like men.
Readers may like to know that the
new Cape Cod Canal has been con
structed by August Belmont, of New
York, and his associates. The canal Is
expected to stimulate commercial en
terprise in Eastern' Massachusetts, but
its chief value may He in the facili
ties It gives the United States Navy
for prompt maneuvers along the coast.
There Is quite a demand for labor
In various parts of the country, ac
cording to the Government employ
ment office. Kansas asks for 35,000
harvesters, Oklahoma 16.000. West
Virginia wants 2000 new coal miners,
and so on. Very likely there Is work
for everybody In the country If the
man and the Job could be brought to
gether. The German spirit is pretty well
shown in the case of the reserve Lleul
tenant who had himself tatooed to fit
the description In another man's pa
pers and shipped before the mast at
San Francisco. He is now on duty,
and a great many neutral people
rather hope he will rise in his beloved
navy.
President Wilson's expostulations
with Germany have already had a
good practical effect, according to
German admissions. Submarines give
crews of doomed ships a chance for
their lives. That encourages hope
that Germany will yet see that the
President's position Is sound.
The word "lashcar" may also be
spelled "lashkar" or "lascar." If one
likes. It means "army" or "camp." as
commonly' used, but it may also sig
nify an individual soldier. It has been
seen In print frequently since the
troops from India have been fighting
England's battles.
What sort of loyalty is it that
prompts the Welsh miners to strike
when their country needs coal for the
ships which carry men and supplies
to the war zone? And what sort of
loyalty Is It that prompts mineowners
to provoke a strike under such cir
cumstances? The Kaiser should know by this
time that It Is risky to make predic
tions that the war will end In October
or any particular month. A certain
dinner In Paris to which he issued In
vitations has not yet been given.
With a deficiency of about thirteen
inches of rainfall and less than seven
weeks to the end of the weather year.
Portland can expect unsettled and
showery weather.
Machinists In a Connecticut arms
factory are waxing so fat they expect
to strike at any moment. Funny a
strike is never pulled off when work Is
slack.
Report of sinking the U-51. the Ger
man submarine that invaded the Dar
danelles, comes In a roundabout way,
but may be true. She has much de
struction to her credit.
Great Britain is treating kindly the
three members of the Sinn Fein by
ordering them to leave Ireland. Any
other time she might have hanged
them.
These are strenuous days for the
entertaining committees, but they
come up to the work fresh every
morning. They think of Portland.
The Turks would better wash the
Christian blood oft their hands before
sending any protest to the United
States.
Train dispatchers are doing the
great -work Just now, moving Shriners"
special and regular trains on single
tracks.
In arming her troops with knives.
France seems to have taken a hint
from the Gurkhas.
The men In fezzes looked too happy
to be mistaken for Turks fleeing from
the allies.
Talk of a strike of the Krupp work
ers Is a joke. The Kaiser will not let
them.
Nobody loves a'censnc. The mov
ing picture mcn are now turning on
him.
The Baltic Is advertising herself as
a target for submarines.
Oregon Is still winning prl.es at
San Francisco. Now it is metals.
Tse-Nc-Gat will soon be a good
Indian.
Mrs. Gcddcs' boy now knows his
father.
Twenty-Five Years Ago
From The Oreconlan ot July 17. ISo.
London. July IS On the arrival of
the steamship Majestic from New Tork
at Queenstown today four of her pas
sengers -were arrested for smuggling.
Those arrested were all women and had
concealed In their bustles parcel of tea.
tobacco, spirits, etc. The contraband
goods were seized and the women
locked up for examination.
Fresh fruit tastes a little of gold In
Crook County. Peaches are old at 20
cents a pound and cherries at 25 cents
a pound, or three cherries for a nickel.
Two sons of S. J. Culby. of Pendleton,
aged 8 and 12, wete knocked down and
severely- trampled by a cow they were
trying to milk.
Jacob Kamm haa decided to name his
new Snake Kiver steamer the Norma.
i-he Is a stern-wheeler. ISO feet long by
.-- xeet Deam. and has a draft of 5V
feet. Her power consists of two 1S
Inch cylinders, with a seven-foot stroke.
wnicn. with her 20-foot wheel, will In
sure considerable speed. She Is built for
both freight and passenger traffic, and
will bo put on the run between Hunt
ington and the Seven Devils mining
district, making a trip each way per
day. Captain Miller will assume com
mand of her.
A singular thing happened in the
naming of a number of tracts southeast
of Eat Portland. Captain William
Kerns named his tract "Waverly." and
one beyond was named "Woodstock."
and another "Kenllworth." and a fourth
"Ivanhoe," all after novels of Sir Wal
ter Scott. This. Captain Kerna claims.
Is evidence of tha fine literary UL?te of
the persons owning the tracts. Then
came Charley llimtol seeking for a
name ( for a tract, and he chose
"Ravenswood." from one of Scott's
novels also. It is rather a gloomy
name, but ravens are scarce In Uiis
country, and Charley owed the birds
something for feeding one of his an
cestors, and as there were neither
ravens nor wood on his land, he named
It "Ravenswood." There are many
tracts adjoining the city with names
which the owners of the property eoulU
give no good reasons for giving them:
Rosa Bonheur is nearing the allotted
threescore-and-ten of human existence,
but she still works vigorously with her
brush. Her last picture, it la said,
added Jlu.vOO to her purse.
James Russell Lowell Is sufficiently
recovered, it is reported, to take short
w-alks around the grounds of his home
in the suburbs of Cambridge.
TOXES OK FREEDOM AUK MISSED
Correspondent Bellevea Liberty Bell
Should De Recast.
PORTLAND. July 16. (To the Ed
itor.) I was one of those who greatly
appreciated the privilege of seeing the
Liberty bell for the first time yester
day. I could not help but think of
the wonderful thrill of the thought of
liberty that thrilled the hearts and
minds of those that heard it peal
forth its vibration of liberty the first
time at Independence Hall and 1 have
wished that 1 might hear its tones of
freedom.
It is a relic, a wonderful relic, but
as it Is In Us cracked and broken con
dition It la not a fitting emblem of
true liberty, unless It typify a broken
National liberty. It Is true our Na
tion Is evolving, we believe, to the
perfect ideal of liberty as waa the
thought of those who named this bell s
home city. Philadelphia, meaning
brotherly love.
I believe that perfect liberty l very
close at hand, not only for our Nation,
but for the whole world, and as the
herald of that perfect liberty 1 feel
that the bell should be recast and the
symbolic crack put away forever. It
would be a grand thing to hear the
old new liberty bell ring again, a newer
and higher freedom. 1 for one vote
that It be recast and its Inipertectness
give place to perfect ness. 1 believe
tills will find a welcome response In all
true American minds.
PERKY JOSEPH GREEN.
Seaman's Bill and Mreetrar Spee4.
PORTLAND. July 1. (To the Edi
tor.! 1. How did Chamberlain and
Lane vote on the seaman's blUT
2. What is the speed limit for street
cars In the congested truffle district
of Portland? 3. Is there any speedom
eter used on the streetcars here, so
the conductor or motorman has any
definite Idea as to how fast thv are
eoing? SUBSCRIBER.
1. Both Senators Une and Cham
berlain voted yes oh the seaman's bill.
2. The only provision In the traffic
ordinance regarding streetcars Is that
they shall be operated at a reasonable
rate of speed. In the main franchises
of the Portland Hallway. Light A
Power Company provision Is made that
cars shall not be operated at a greater
speed than 12 miles an hour, and where
one car passes another which Is letting
off or taking on passengers the speed
shall be limited to four miles an hour.
Where cars pass each other at a street
Intersection the speed Is limited also
to four miles an hour.
3. There are no speedometers on
streetcars.
Household tiooda Exempt.
PORTLAND. July IS. (To the Edi
tor.) My husband keeps ine in a rent
ed houxe. but has not paid rent for
some months. The landlord does not
say anything to my husband, who Is a
drunkard and has gone so far as to
threaten my life and all kinds of harm.
It Is very unpleasant. I am afraid of
him and so nervous 1 cannot rest.
What can I do?
All I have is my household goods.
I've worked hard for these. This man
tells me to go, but says I can't take
my goods. I can't take my children
Into the street without something to
use. Can he prevent my moving? if.
Household goods In actual use to
the value of J300 are exempt from
attachment and execution. Unless the
landlord has obtained a Judgment
against you for the rent without your
having filed a claim of exemption, you
can move out your possessions any
time you see fit. Consult the District
Attorney as to threats on your life.
lnpa for Sale.
II.WACO. Wush.. July 15. (To the
Editor.) Please Inform me where I
ran secure a map of Multnomah
County showing railroads and electric
lines. A SLBSCniHER.
This can bo secured from any map
store (stationery and books) In Port
land. If there is difficulty in finding
what you want, write to R. C. Boiscr,
County Surveyor. Portland.
Pamphlet on lloramlridi.
rsTACADA. Or, July. IS. (To the
Editor.) Where can 1 find out all
about the Oregon hnrnfiifid laws?
ELI FALLOWS.
Write (o Portland Chamber of Com.
mere for circular No. entitled
"Public Lands in Oregon."
Pretentions of One Actor.
Life.
"The pretensions of that fellow
Kurnley olve me an awful pain."
"Kurnlev? Why. he's (he greateft actor
on our Masre today." "rUire! But that's
ht limit. The nerve of him trying to
associate with us movie players:''
MR. PKRKIW K.CO!OMIC I.RRflR
i- esur or I.nrencan nooa of ( heap (iooda
IS Declared Abanra.
PORTLAND. July IS. (To the Ed
itor.) It la rather surprising that so
shrewd a business man a.t cirorge W.
Perkins should be guilty of so egre
gious an economic error as that 1 find
in an editorial of yours in which you
quote hia words. Mr. Perkins is afraid
that after the war Europe will flood
this country with goods at cheap
prices.
He overlooKs a little difficulty that
has to be overcome In connection with
the fiooddlng process, namely, that we
shall have to pay real money for these
goods. But If we have the money to
pay for the goods, then we shall be
prosperous. That would not be a
cause for complaint, but for rejoicing.
Mr. l'crklns ought to be the last man
In the world to complain because peo
ple have money to spend and spend It.
Tno laws of trade are natural laws
rd it is absolutely inevitable tl.at our
capacity to buy depends in the ttnal
an.tlysi upon our rapacity to manu
facture btid sell, which in turn la de
termined by our rapacity to use intelli
gence in the working up of our natural
resources. As long ss we have the
skill. Intelligence and resources we
ned r.cer spend much time worrying
about our power to sell.
What would be a commercial calam
ity would be the failure of our brains
or enterprise In muking the goods
which tt:. international market de
mands. 1 for one refuse to admit that
American inventive genius and Initia
tive are not at least the equal of any
in the world.
If 'Europe sells us much goods after
the war It will mean that they will
have money with which to buy other
things from us. The purchasing
power of Europe thus helps us. be
cause ultimately our prosperity depends
upon the power of foreign markets to
absorb that which we can make and
which other countries do not or can
not supply for themselves. Contrari
wise, our industries suffer by the de
creased purchasing power of a foreign
market. We In the lumber industry
In the Pacific Northwest certainly
ought to have learned that fundamen
tal lesson In trade economics by this
time.
Mr- Perkins seems quite unnecessar
ily alarmed about this country's pros
perity after the war. We have neither
lost our natural resources nor our
brains and skill.
R. DALKY.MI'LE.
Way to tolleet Assessment.
PORTLAND. July IS. (To the Edi
tor.) We notice In the daily papers
that the city is being embarrassed
through failure of property owners to
pay the delinquent street assessments
which have been bonded, and on ac
count of which the city is paying in
terest. If the city authorities will. In
stead of notifying the owners of the
property, notify the parties holding
mortgages against the property they
will ilnd that under the threat of fore
closure the owners of tho property will
promptly pay their delinquent assess
ments as well as their delinquent taxes.
We have for a number ot clients
whose affairs wo are handling fre
quently requested the city authorities
to notify us of delinquent street as
sessments on property on which our
clients have mortgages, and almost in
variably when we threaten to sue If
the delinquencies are not taken care
of. same are promptly paid. We ven
ture the prediction that such a course
will result In collection by tho city of
msny thousands of dollars within a
very few days after the mortgagees
have received said notice.
I5EACH. SIMON A NELSON.
Value of Old Coin.
ASTORIA. Or, July 15. (To the Edi
tor.) Where could I get Information
regarding an old coin that I have. It
has been In my family for years and
handed down from generation to gen
eration. It haa no date on It, and very
much resembles one of the three old
coins pictured In The Oregonlsn a few
days ago that were used In Psleptlne
In Jesus' time. J. KKTREN'OS.
Make a paper Impression with lead
pencil markings and forward with de
scription to Scott Stamp &. Coin Co..
New York.
Dr. Woods Hutchinson
Writes for
The Sunday Oregonian
Beginning: tomorrow The Sunday Oregonian will present a new
series of health stories to its readers from the facile pen of Dr.
Woods Hutchinson, the best known writer -of popular articles on medical
subjects in America. Additional interest is attached to this series
because of Dr. Hutchinson's former residence in Portland.
Dr. Hutchinson is one of the few professional men who can write
on a professional subject in entertaining yet convincing style. He has
a subtle sense of humor that makes his stories readable while they lose
none of their truths. His -writings are delightfully free from techni
calities. His story tomorrow will be on the subject of "Why Good
Teeth Mean a Long Life."
SWISS SOLDIERS READY TO FIGHT Although the possibilities of
Switzerland's ultimate participation in the European war still are
somewhat remote, the Swiss soldiers are trained and ready for
action. Since Mar broke out the Swiss people have taken extra
precautions to strengthen their borders on all sides. The details of
- this preparation will be told with illustrations in The Sunday
Oregonian.
SPIRIT OF FRENCH SOLDIERS A war correspondent recently
passed some time in the field with the French army and learned
something of the spirit of the French soldiers of the tremendous
difficulties under which they are laboring to prevent invasion of
their beloved country. He has written in descriptive detail some
thing of his impressions for The Sunday Oregonian.
CHILDREN OX VACATION Here is a subject that is of interest to
everyone at this season of the year kids in the country. The story
can best be told in pictures and that's what has been done in The
Sunday Oregonian. A whole page of kid pictures, with enough text
to explain them.
FARMER BOYS' BIG POSITION A few brief years ago Herbert C.
Hoover was a hard-working, determined, energetic, bright, con
scientious farmer boy. Today he is at the head of the Belgian
Relief Commission which in less than a year has expended more
than $50,000,000. How he has advanced from obscurity to this high
position is told in entertaining style in The Sunday Oregonian.
A FAMILY OF ARTISTS A man, his daughter and his grand
daughter all talented and accomplished ariists. That is the record
of the Wiles family, of New York, regarding whom an interesting
story has been -written for The Sunday Oregonian.
DEADLY PACIFIER MUST GO War has been declared on the rubber
pacifiers with which mothers for years jave been wont to soothe
their crying babies, and a thorough campaign of eradication will be
carried on throughout the country. How the work of eliminating
them from general use is being conducted will be told with illus
trations in the Sunday paper.
BRITISH CAMP LUXURIOUS Britons on a vacation enjoy many
luxuries in contrast to the simple comfort demanded by the average
American vacationist. A story of these contrasts will be an enter
taining feature for Sunday.
HISTORY-MAKING AUTO TOUR How The Oregonian pathfinding
car circles Mount Hood in a single day the first time this stunt ever
has been done will be told in the Automobile Section.
OTHER SUNDAY ATTRACTIONS A full page of photographs of
the recent Liberty Bell celebration will be another Sunday item of
interest. In addition there will be the usual sport details, and pages
devoted to the drama, society, automobiles, real estate and women's
activities.
Half a Century Age
Krom the Orrsorisn of JuK 17, l r,s
Senator Williams has our thanks for
bound copies of t,ie Congressional
Globe, embracing the whole period of
the SSth Congress. We also acknowledge
the ro-cipt of the other valuable pub
lic documents, sent by the same hand.
A dispatch, dated at Washington June
. says: "Jefferson Davis racra and
tears about his cell at Fortress Monroe
in a state of seml-inanity. real or as
sumed.'" That the plans of the original owners
of the plat of Portland have not been
fully matured is well known. When the
town, of which Portland i now the
city, was laid out. several lols and
(locks were laid out lor the benefit
of the city. The levee, mark, t Mocks,
st-hoolliouse blocks, church Mocks and
others were liberally calculated to
beautify and adorn the place. Tho
levee property was taken possession
i.f and the city front rendered ludeously
nean by "jumpers." together with do
nations of the streets leading to the
liver by subsequent Councils, until to
day there U not one point left, acarctly.
within any reasonable distance of tho
center of the ctly where a cargo can
bo unladen from a. flatboal. scow,
steamer or sailing vessel, for Individual
or city corporation, that Is not subject
to wharfage. The city has no front,
unless the linea are drawn with that
nicety that knowa no discrimination.
The various blocks of the city were
also "jumped." and the individuals thus
taking possession of them undou btedly
IhoitVit. or their assigns may now
think, they have a good thing of It.
But we are pleased to notice, there la
a determination on the part of the
Council to test the validity of all such
titles. Portland has been a noble
goose; she hu stood calmly meditating
affairs and suffered herself to be
fairly and unfairly plucked In order
that such individuals us had nests
might be enabled to leather them, but
let us hope the time fur such picking
Is past and that retribution may follow
fast on Uitt heels of the offenders.
All accounts concur In the statement
that great numbers of people are com
ing over the plains this Summer. This
immigration will be distributed over
the whole country from California and
Nevada to Montana. Kastern Oregon
and the Territories adjoining us will,
no doubt, receive considerable acces
sion to their population during the
coming Autumn. It is probable, too.
that many will come to our western
valleys. Food will, of course, be
cheaper here than In the districts
nearer the mines, and with largo num
bers this circumstance will be a lead
ing Inducement urging them to come
here. Considerable numbers of Immi
grants of last year are now located in
this valley, and their labor the present
seaoon will materially Increase the
amount of produce grown. The val
leys east of the mountains have been
receiving numeroua settlers during the
last two years, and It is likely that
they will be well filled with the new
comers of this Summer and Fall. Tha
rigors of the Winter season afford the
greatest objection to permanent set
tlement there. Still, thoec who are
looking for new locations will often
deem it desirable t, establish them
selves as near to tho mines as possible,
sln.-e agricultural labor in those places
will always secure larcer and readier
returns than can be had elsewhere.
o l.len for Ail lire.
PORTLAND. Or, July 16. (To tho
Kditor.) If a dealer sells an auto
tire to an auto owner and the auto
owner puts the tir on tha machine
and uses It.' but will not pay for it.
can the seller of the tire rile a lien
on the auto and collect It? liow soon
must the lien be filed?
A CONSTANT REAPER.
The bill for a tire would not con
stitute a 1W-n against the automobile.
However. thV dealer could bring suit
and attach the automobile for non
payment of the bill.
Thirty days Is allowed by law in
which to file a lien, but the above is
not an exaniplo of a lien.