8
TTTE MOBXIXG OREGOXIAJT. FRIDAYS JULY 2. 1913.
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PORTLAND, FRIDAY, JULY , 1915.
BORED BV THE WAR STEWS.
There are some people who are sim
ply bored by news of the war. One
of them expressed his wearied dis
gust in the following' letter to the
Philadelphia North American:
When are yoa newspapers going to realize
that the senseless fighting in Europe has
lost Interest for rational beings? I am sick
of news about the war, sick of the monot
onous, meaningless and contradictory re porta,
alck of the nnendlng and futile controversy
about "rights" and "wrongs," sick of the
accounts of aimless slaughter. If you can't
drop It altogether, for pity's sake reduce it
to a minimum, and five more space to news
that means something to those interested in
the practical affairs of life.
This man cannot bend his great
mind to the task of really understand
ing the war. He sees mention of un
familiar places in unfamiliar coun
tries. He sees articles from men of
all nations explaining the causes of
the war and the aims of the belliger
ents. He will not acquaint himself
with the history and geography of the
contending nations nor the diplomatic
controversy leading up to the war,
that he may understand the daily un
folding of a world tragedy. That
would cause' brain fag. Therefore,
assuming that he and his like are the
only "rational bein,Ts," he pronounces
. the reports of war events "monoto
nous, meaningless and. contradictory,"
the controversy "futile," the slaughter
"aimless," and he calls for more news
about what he considers "the practi
cal affairs of life."
It is nothing to such a man that the
governments of 60 per cent of the
world's population are waging this
war with 15,000,000 men under arms
and with nearly 2000 warships in their
service. It is nothing to him that in
Its first year this war will have cost
J25, 000, 000,000, that it Is costing 150.
000,000 a day and that one nation
alone is spending- (15,000,000 a day.
.It is nothing to him that already this
war is estimated to have slain 2,146,
000 men, wounded 5,000.000 and made
2,000,000 captive. He is not Impressed
by the fact that battles are being
fought from Eastern France to the
Euphrates Valley, from the Baltic
Coast to' the southern limits of Africa
and that every sea. has seen a naval
fight.
It is of no moment to him that the
scientific and inventive powers of the
most advanced nations of the world
rave been exerted to conquer the
heights of the air and the depths of
the sea and to invent new engines of
death in the service of war. Not even
the fact that political controversy in
this country is stilled while the Presi
dent and his advisers bend all their
efforts to protect the rights of this
country without being drawn into the
conflict not even that momentous
fact is of consequence to him. He and
his like, being, in their own estima
tion, the only rational beings, the 1.
000,000,000 human beings who are
engaged in this war are fools commit
ting "aimless slaughter."
This war has profoundly disturbed
the relationship of nations, obliterated
treaties, swept aside international law
and arrayed against each other two
rival principles of national rights. It
has influenced the lives and fortunes
of citizens of neutral countries in only
less degree than those of belligerents.
Its influence will extend for centuries
Into the future of the entire human
'race. In this respect It ranks with,
If it does not surpass, the conversion
of Constaatine, the destruction of the
Roman empire by the barbarians, the
fall of Constantinople, the Protestant
reformation, the American and French
revolutions and the Napoleonic wars.
It marks the close of one and the
opening of another great epoch in the
world's history and the character of
the epoch to be opened is taxing the
powers of prescience of the world's
greatest intellects.
"When 1,000.000.000 human beings
stake their lives and fortunes on the
issue of such a struggle fraught with
sucn consequences, it is to be pre
sumed that they know what they are
fighting for and esteem it .worth the
price. Their judgment as to its rela
tion to the "practical affairs of life1
Is entitled to more respect than that
of a man who confessedly will not
exert himself to learn - why. when
where, how and with what result
they fight.
"HOGS, OX WESTERN PASTURES.
In the current number of the
Country Gentleman H. T. Morgan has
an interesting article on hograising
that is particularly applicable to near
ly every portion of Oregon. Indeed
the scene of the story is situated in
Oregon and Oregon facts are its main
spring. While we fully and freely in
dorse every word Mr. Morgan has
written, let it be understood that the
hog should follow the cow. The two
go "hand in hand," so to speak. It
is true the dairyman can succeed
without the hog, but without the hog
hiB profits are curtailed; to raise hogs
without the dairy cow is uphill busi
ness.
Mr. Morgan pays especial attention
to Alfalfa as food for swine. Perhaps
that will be news to many Eastern
readers, for many of them know noth
ing about alfalfa. The best value
from alfalfa comes from wintering
brood sows upon It. But it has
greater value in the Winter when as
hay It Is fed to the brood sows and
stock hogs. If fed on chopped alfalfa,
with about a pound of grain per day
added, the sow will go through the
Winter and up to farrowing time in
prime condition, and the pigs will usu
ally be plump, healthy and in every
way rugged.
So it is not only the cheapest food
the brood sow can have, but, with the
small accompaniment of grain, one of
the best. It must be remembered,
too, that alfalfa is a product grown
almost solely in the West and that it
can be grown to advantage by the
skillful farmer under as scant a rain
fall as ten Inches per annum. Of
course, with so little moisture it must
be drilled in rows and carefully culti
vated. The real meat of the article, how
ever, lies in speculating on what we
can do. It presents concrete facts aa
to what we have done toward produc
tion of our pork supply. In 1910 the
Portland Union Stockyards Company
received and sold 83.323 hogs. 29.999
of "which came from Nebraska; in
1914 the same yards received 2-37.725
head and not one from Nebraska.
One who, six years ago, predicted that
Oregon would within ten years be
able to produce its own pork would
have been called visionary, but today
Oregon is doing that very thing, and
in less than three years from today
will be a heavy exporter.
The cow and the hog are the two
animals destined to revolutionize the
agricultural districts of Oregon. This
revolution -will permeate every artery
of trade and industry In the state, to
the betterment of every citizen.
EXALTING AX IDEAL,
There was a call from San Fran
cisco for Oregon to designate one of
its citizens "especially distinguished
in statesmanship, literature,' art, sci
ence. Invention, etc.," for the honor
of a special day at the Panama-Pacific
Exposition. The committee
named . by Governor Withycombe to
discharge this delicate 'service baa
chosen Simon Benson, who is not dis
tinguished in statesmanship, litera
ture, art, science or invention. .But
wide latitude was wisely given to the
nominating body when the exposition
management added "etc." to the other
classifications. For it has chosen a
private citizen for the great honor,
and there will be no dissent from the
statement that it has performed its
duties in exact' accord with the spirit
of its Instructions.
Obviously, it was desired to exalt
and acclaim the Ideal of American citi
zenship. Here is a modest and quiet
man who has an abundant fortune, de
voting himself and his means to pub
lic service. He not only is generous
with his money, but he is active in
promoting movements for the public
good. It is plain that he wants noth-
ng for himself only the reward that
comes with the consciousness that he
is serving others.
The committee has made a happy
selection. It may be hoped that the
recognition sought to be given to Mr.
Benson while living will be an inspira
tion to others to emulate him.
BACK IN THE OTHER POBTLAXD.
The authority of the Federal census
of 1910 may be given for the fact that
Portland, Me., for which the Oregon
Portland is a namesake, has a popu
lation of 6S.571, while the Portland
n Oregon is about four times as
large, with 207,214 (see census re
ports). Tet the older Portland is a
lively, a very lively city. It is In a
prohibition state, and it has been
there for so long a time that it is
quite used to the restrictions Imposed
upon the public sale of liquor, and
equally familiar with the evasions and
expedients necessary to get rum for
thirsty citizens. The greater Port
land, too, is. or will be soon, under
prohibition rule, so that the experi
ences of its patronymic have just now
a peculiar value here.
For example, there is printed in the
New Tork Sun of recent date a letter
from one James White, at Portland,
Me., under date June 20, 1915, from
which this Interesting information, is
gleaned:
No later than yesterday twelve new bar
rooms opened op and Center. Free and Fore
streets were having a great time. The
kitchen barrooms were doing a great busi
ness, and any time a pint or half pint of
third rail" can be purchased at any of
the local drugstores. There have been days
when we have had aa many as fifty arrests
for Intoxication, and. of course, that Is
not taking into account the ones who "get
by."
But we shall do things better, in the
younger and more lusty Portland, no
doubt. For there are drastic provi
sions in the new law here designed to
cure the bogus drugstore evil, and al
together we have a very fine law.
But we find ourselves wondering.
nevertheless, what form the illicit
sale of liquor will take when our 300-
odd saloons go out of business in our
Portland. We know what is being
done, and has been done for years. In
Maine.
SLUMBERING RAILROAD PROJECTS.
The members of Governor Withy-
combe's party who were so impressed
by the resources of the Klamath coun
try are not pioneers In discovery.
Other Portland citizens have preced
ed them and marveled at the beauty
and wealth of the country. Yet Mr.
Fleischner's remarks on the need for
railroad connection with Portland are
timely. Klamath Falls seemed nearer
realization of that desirable conven
ience several years ago than now.
Then the Great Northern and the
Northern Pacific were building the
Oregon Trunk Railroad southward,
with indications that the line might
reach Klamath Falls, Lake view or
Medford. Perhaps it was the lnten
tion to serve all of them. The South
ern Pacific was apparently endeavor
ing to forestall a northern railroad
invasion of California by working
night and day on the Natron cut-off.
and the O.-W. R. & N.. then directly
allied with the Southern Pacific, was
racing its rival up the Deschutes with
an Impetus that apparently would
carry It to a connection with the
Southern Pacific's projected interior
route.
They were lively days in the rail
road world, and it seemed but a mat
ter of months until Klamath Falls
would be brought into close touch
with Portland. But the promises of
competition have not been fulfilled.
The Oregon Trunk line and the O.-W,
R. & N. branch halted at Bend. The
Southern Pacific ceased work on the
Natron cut-off, with a stub projected
from Eugene toward the mountains
and another stub completed north
ward from Klamath Falls along the
shore of Klamath Lake to a point
near Klamath Agency. Klamath Fall
and Lake View; prosperous centers of
rich, progressive Oregon sections, still
remain, commercially speaking, parts
of California.
As for Klamath Falls, it doubtless
would long ere this have had rail con
nection with Portland were It not for
established rail connection with San
Francisco. From the Southern Pa
cific standpoint the completion of the
Natron cut-off is not so much a mat
ter of building up its traffic as
of reducing operating expenses. It
now enjoys a monopoly of the Klam
ath business, but diverts It to San
Francisco. When the prospect of in
vasion of the California field by the
Northern Pacific and Great Northern
via the low grades of Eastern Oregon
was ended or postponed. Southern
Pacific money available for construc
tion work was appropriated elsewhere.
That railway is building into the vir
gin Coos Bay territory an activity
with which no one will quarrel.
But the condition is one with which
Portland should not be satisfied. In
terior Southern Oregon Is rightly
Portland's trade territory. Interior
Southern Oregon wtll best progress
when It is allied commercially where
it is allied politically. Whatever In
fluence Portland can exert to brlr.g
about resumption of construction on
projected rail lines to that locality
should not slumber. Their comple
tion means additional prosperity and
a greater Oregon.
THE CLARK. WEDDtNO.
Pike County, Missouri, forever fa
mous as the residence of Champ
Clark, was probably named for Gen
eral Zebulon Montgomery Pike, who
explored through those quarters of
the world In 1810. Pike's Peak la an
other monument to his glory. The
exact site of Champ Clark's .dwelling
is Bowling Green. The reader. If he
Is not careful, may confuse it with
Bowling Green. Ky, which acquired
renown in the Civil War. If anybody
wishes to know with still greater pre
cision just where Champ Clark lives
we are in a position to state that his
estate at Bowling Green is called
Honeysuckle, or perhaps more accu
rately, "Honeyshuck," from the odor
ous honey locust which thrives in the
vicinity. s
The region 1s one of languorous
beauty, like a blond opera, queen with
a little too much flesh. Champ Clark's
neighbors are not distinguished for
the energy of their muscles or the
vigor of their minds. They dwell In a
sort of day dream, ever delicately
feasting on coons and sweet potatoes.
Nature produces these epicurean dain
ties In great abundance without aid
from man. If she did not, then Champ
Clark's neighbors would eat some
thing else, or, like the Irishman In
the story, tell the hearse "to drive on."
This celebrated Irishman had been
condemned to be buried alive unless
somebody would give him corn to
keep him from starving, and the
hearse was taking him to the grave
yard. A pitying neighbor said he.
would contribute the corn. "Is it
shelled?" Inquired the condemned
man. "No." replied the neighbor.
Drive on. then," said the Irishman
In a feeble tone. We would not for
a moment be suspected of hinting that
Champ Clark's fellow-cltlzens In Pike
County- are lazy. But it seems to be
undeniable that they lead contempla
tive lives and relish prolonged abxti
nence from severe exertion. He lives
in perhaps the most philosophical
community on earth, where the people
"Lose and neglect the creeping hours
of time" without a ripple from the
turbulent outer world to disturb their
minds. They are like Tennyson's
Lotus Eaters. "It seemeth always
afternoon" in Pike County, a singu
larly golden afternoon with Its slum
berous calm disturbed only by the low
whimper of the noun' dawg or the
pensive drop of an apple to the
ground.
Naturally the whole county flocked
to see Genevieve Clark married. They
had nothing else to do and a wedding
Is Interesting even to a philosopher.
A neighborhood where nobody ever
works or needs to work seems to be
Ideal for tying the sacred knot. By
studying Champ Clark's neighbors we
can readily understand where he de
rived his philosophy of polities and
life. May Genevieve be as happy as
her father is wise.
EXT OF CDONOVAX ROMSA.
The death of O'Donovan Rossa re
moves a typical leader of the physl-
cal force party In Irciand. That party
was composed of men Imbued with an
Irreconcilable hatred of Eng!and. men
who refused to believe that Justice
could be wrung from England by any
means but force. These men would
be content with nothing short of ab
solute Irish Independence. They
scorned any suggestion of home rule
under British supremacy and they
scoffed at constitutional agitation In
Parliament and before the people.
After the unsuccessful rebellion of
Robert Emmet the physical force
party went into eclipse and O'Connell
came to the front with his repeal
movement. He failed and armed re
bellion 'was again attempted by the
young Ireland party In 184 8 and by
the Fenians In 1867. The moderates
then gained the upper hand and sent
the Home Rule party to Parliament,
led by Isaac Butt. Butt's methods
being too mild for the more fiery
Irishmen, Parnell and a few followers
took to filibustering In Parliament
and to agitation in Ireland. The Lund
League was formed and its career was
marked by many crimes, but it
brought Parnell into the leadership
with increased strength in Parliament
Coercion laws were passed in 1881,
Parnell and other leaders were Im
prisoned and the terrorists came to
the front again under the name of
Invincibles. They murdered Cavendish
and Burke-in Dublin and committed
dynamite outrages at many points.
New land reforms only partially pa
cified the people and terrorism In
Ireland accompanied filibustering in
London.
The final abandonment of physical
force by the Nationalists resulted
from Gladstone's declaration in favor
of home rule In 18S5 and the adoption
of the Irish cause by the bulk of the
British Liberal party. Since then the
two parties have been political allies
and force as a means of extorting con
cessions has been definitely discarded.
The great agrarian, governmental and
educational reforms of the last thirty
years have been accomplished by con
stitutional means, the climax being
the home rule law, the operation of
which Is postponed until after the war.
The great migration of Irishmen to
the United States came between the
years 1846 and 1885. It Included
the Irreconcllables who had reject
ed constitutional means and who
would' be satisfied with nothing short
of absolute independence for Ireland
The flame of haired against England
was kept alive by men like Rossa and
was kindled anew In the minds of the
children of Immigrants. Being re
moved from the scene of action, they
underestimated the successes of the
Nationalists and lost touch with the
new spirit of conciliation which had
been created by the Liberal-National
1st alliance. They are a survival from
a bygone, outdated condition of Irish
Nationalist opinion. the basis for
which has been removed by events.
In but one contingency is the Irish
physical force party likely to spring
Into life again. If after the war any
attempt should be made to prevent
realization of home rule or to emas
culate the law. Ireland might again
become the scene of civil war and the
Rossas would be in the saddle. At
present they figure only as an auxil
iary to Germany in the United States
and are without Influence In Ireland.
HAPPY DAYS rOR THE FARMER.
With a bumper wheat crop exceed
ing any in thirty years, the Pacific
Northwest has a good prospect of
making a profit llule. if at all. leas
than that of last year. Farmers are
beginning harvest In Ideal weather for
recovery of the entire crop, which Is
greater in both acreage and yield than
any former crop. The price they will
receive for this heavy yield will be
enhanced by the damage which storms
are doing in Kansas, Oklahoma and
adjoining states.
Although present prices In Chicago
are far below the highest of the war.
there Is evidence In the world situa
tion that they may rule much higher
before the season Is far advanced.
Notwithstanding all Its efforts to
maintain Its crop at normal figures.
Europe's yield Is likely to fall below
that of last year, which was short.
Unless the allies make much more
rapid progress than at present In
forcing the Dardanelles, they will not
release the surplus of either last year's
or this year's Russian crop in time to
prevent prices from soaring. Should
the pendulum of war swing decidedly
he other way, prices may fall below
the present level.
This will be a great year for the
speculator, and the farmers are now
In a good position to speculate. Eu
rope may hold off In the hope that a
favorable turn in events will cheapen
wheat, but an experienced grower Is
quoted by the Wall Street Journal aa
predicting that the farmers will carry
wheat as never before. Being square
with the bank, they can do so on a
scale rarely known. When Liverpool
finds that wheat is not offering Jn
sufficient volume at the price It
quotes, it will raise its figures and the
farmer will at least have a strong
hand In making the price.
There Is much evidence that the
European war has reverted to prime
val savagery. One of the most strik-
ng points is the enslavement of pris
oners. The Syracusans condemned
their Athenian captives to work In the
quarries. Enemies captured by the
Austrians are forced to work in the
fields. By a still more primitive cus
tom prisoners were eaten. Shall we
see Europe coming to this as food
grows scarcer?
A dycd-ln-the-wool pacifist arguing
for her hobby says "animals of any
kind will not hurt us If we do not hurt
them." And this proves to her that
no nation will attack us If we mind
our own business like the Belgians.
Whether some animals, such as tigers
and wolves, will attack us or not de
pends upon how hungry they happen
to be. Had man submitted to the
beasts, he never would have ruled the
earth.
The British censorship keeps quiet
as to the number of submarines
caught in tho big nets that have been
set at river mouths and in the Chan
nel, but It leaks out that the cap
tures are numerous. This Is why the
Iron fish now swim out In the deep
sea. News of the captures Is sup
pressed In order that a feeling of se
curity may lure new victims to de
struction. Running away from home Is no sign
of a boy's depravity. It may Indicate
nothlug worse than a love of adven
ture stimulated by wild stories. The
Haygarth boy who set out for Cali
fornia from his home In Linn County
the other day has probably more
promise in htm than half a dozen mol
lycoddles. But the next time he sal
lies forth we hope he will tell hla par.
pnw.
The return of the cyclone season
brings fresh variety to life In Okla
homa and the regions thereabout.
The Inhabitants naturally dislike to
see their homes wrecked and relatives
killed, but we .doubt if the cyclone as
an institution would be condemned by
a popular vote. It supplies on a mam
moth scale and free the attractions of
the movies, football and war.
Medical Freedom, the organ of the
healer cranks." says medicine is not
a science because the doctors make
mistakes. By the same rule chemis
try is not a science since analysts
sometimes blunder. Medicine seeks
honestly to apply scientific truth to
preserve and prolong human life. He
is no friend to the race who obstructs
its progress.
evening hailstones fell that were said
to be eleven Inches In circumference.
That is nearly four Inches in diam
eter, the size or a rainy Dig apple.
Coming from a hth altitude, the ve
locity must have- been enormous, and
matches the imagination of the man
who reports them.
The various Oregon Chautauquas
are making more than ordinary prep
arations for this Summer's sessions.
Thev will all begin before long. ' The
exercises will include much Instruction
and more entertainment. We know
of hardly any outing more pleasant
than a week in camp at a Chautauqua.
The advice of Dr. Hardy Clark, of
Iowa, to young men to marry oldest
daughters is sound. Having helped to
raise the others, she Is equipped to
bring up her own.
The villain who developed a new
line of wife-murder by drowning
number In a bathtub In London has
been given the rreath sentence.
If man had to cook dinner these
days he would recommend fasting as
conducive to health.
In any other section of the country
this weather would breed a thunder
storm."
Just now Portland babies are fortu
nate In having fhe best milk on earth,
There must be another hot spot on
the sun that nobody has discovered
- Take the babies for a ride on the
river during the warm afternoons.
The German submarine thought a
mulcsklnncr was not worth saving.
There's nothing like Bull Run
water, but do not waste It.
Why Is It the Iceman never has a
bargain day?
Queen Anne Is reigning at Salem.
Becker's agony Is prolonged.
European War Primer
By Nafteaal Ceegrspslrsl Secletr.
Cannon awakening the echoes over
Ilium's plains, where the allies are
trylntc to pound their way beyond the
Dardanelles, stir many legendary mem
ories of this historic battle region and
bring to mind the oddest contrasts.
Here, where now modern ordnance Is
hurllntc Ita messengers of destruction.
Homer's heroes waged their spectacu
lar, single-handed combat, w I. He ad
miring armies grouped themselves
around to watch. It Is a far cry from
the romantic siege of Troy to the ter
ribly Impersonal battla of today. Yet
the old walla of Troy must bring; some
sort of Inspiration to the soldiers fight
ing In their shadows, soldiers of the
allies or of the Turks. Evacuated II
Hum beside the present war's great
battlefield Is described In a communi
cation t the National Geographic So
ciety by Jacob E. Conner. 11a says:
"Th Trojan walla axe atlll In evi
dence; those same walla that defied the
onslaughts of Agamemnon and Men
laua. of AJax. Nestor. Dlomed. Ulysses
and Achillea, to fall at last by strata
gem. They remain as a ruined and
abandoned stage minus Ita parapherna
lia, whereon was played ao many cen
turies ago an Insignificant little drama
compared with modern events: but It
was a drama ao big with human Inter
est divinely told that the world has
never known its equal.
"Wars In these crowded times are
for gain shameless gain but In the
youth of the world. If we take the Il
iad literally, men could afford to fight
for an Ideal. Hence the Homeric war
tare was a beautiful, a poetic pastime,
seriously resulting to some happy few,
who were thenceforth rewarded with
Immortality In song.
"Aa the theater of the world's great
eat epic poem Troy deserves a visit
any year, every year. In the thought
and emotions It revives and stimulates.
In the aroused sense of Indebtedness of
all subsequent literature and art, it
richly repays a visit. The classical
student will leave It In a daxe of
meditation upon things more real to
him than the actual things he has seen
.and touched.
On the site where the German sa
vant, rkblltmann, unearthed Homers
Troy, nine layers of old-time cities
were found, one above the other. They
were builded. destroyed and forgotten
here during the more than 5000 years
that civilisation has lived upon the
products of the fertile valley. The
topmost layer contained the remains
of the Roman city of Ilium: two Hel
lenic villages were found directly be
neath it, which flourished here between
1000 B. C. and the Christian era. The
sixth city from the bottom was deter
mined Homer's Troy. The bottom lay
ers contained the remains of prehis
toric setUements. unimportant villages
that have escaped every memory except
these few uncovered decaying atones. In
the Second or Burnt City, probably (00
years before the time of Troy, was
found a considerable mass of burled
treasure, silver Jars, gold daggers and
wonderfully wrought diadem of gold.
Describing the country around Troy.
Mr. Conner continues:
"Yonder the summit of Mount Ida.
where the god In solemn conclave so
often sat, where 'cloud-compelling
Zeus' sometimes 'thought two it In
his mind at one.' or else ended all da-
bat with a nod that shook high Olym
pus and caused the heavens in rever
berate and glow with the flash of his
thunderbolt.
"Awav over yonder. sklrtlnc I ha
ridge of Ilium, la Slmols' stream, or
should be: but tha bridge across It
shows upon our approach that modern
Slmols la no more than creek. Worse
than that: following Its attenuated
course, leas than a mile downstream,
w dlacover that It enda In a moras
Instead of Joining the Scamander as ot
yore. And the latter stream la scarce,
lv less disappointing, for It Is no more
dignified In size or appearance. In
fact, their sluggish eurrenta united can
acarrely boast of banka except at oc
casional Intervals, for both streams
are now only broad swales merging
with tha adjacent plain, with no con
tinuous current toward the sea except
In season of high water. If such ar
vtr known.
"And such beautiful plslns. they
were well worth fighting for. gently
undulating as they retreat from the
former river courses, and most home
like, cu'.tlvahle places for peaceful
aboae. utile rounded oak treea are
studded about the plain In solitary. In
dependent fashion oak trees resembling-
apple trees In alme and periphery.
"Behold the rutns at laat! A long,
low ridge, some four or Ave miles In
length, enda abruptly like a promontory
projecting Into the sea. above which It
rises about SO feet. The ridge -la the
so-called 'Hill of Ilium.' the sea la
tha flood plain of tha Slmols and tho
Scamander. historically known as the
Plain of Troy, and the promontorv.
with its crown of ruins, la Troy Itself.
1 ou walk around the ruins and make
tha surprising discovery that if tha
walking were good you could easily do
It In 10 minutes. Astonishing! Is this
all there was of Troy, and did this lit
tle stronghold withstand a nine years
siege and still remain uneonquered by
force? Impossible! The whole Hill of
Ilium may have been fortified and to
some extent populated: otherwise how
wa the garrison provisioned? Un
poetlc details like these never troubled
Homer, ao why bother about them?"
Within flftht, almost, of Tenedos. the
laland base of tha attacking allied ar
mies, and wit!. in sound and reach of
the big guns, the old ruins are watch
ing over the present fighting, a greet
ing from the days of the first great
western siege to the greateat siege of
modern times.
Road to Newport.
PORTLAND, July L (To the Ed
itor.) Kindly state the best route to
lake to go to Newport. Or, by auto. Are
the roads good enoujh to go by auto?
A. KLSWOET1I.
Tho best road to Newport from Port
land leads through Nam-berg. McMinn
vllle, Ballston. Dallas and Blodgett.
This road la, for-the most part. In good
condition and can be traveled by auto
without difficulty. Tbe County Courts
of Polk and Lincoln counties have set
aside funds to build a new and shorter
road thst will lead from Dallas through
Falls City and the Slletx Basin. The
promise Is mado that tbla new road
will be completed before the end of the
Summer.
Jaly 4 Nat Netloaal Holiday.
POItTLAND. July 1. (To tha F.d
Itor.l Please state In The Oregonlan
whether July la a National holiday.
liKADEIt
The United Stataa has no National
holiday, not even July 4. Tha day Is
observed as a legal holiday In all
states. District of Columbia, Porto lileo
aud Alaska.
Tae Pewaa "Uks."
ASTORIA Or, June JO. (To tha Ed
itor.) Flaaee say where I can get tha
poem "Lasca, D. E.
The author of 'Lasca" la Frank
Desprea and the poem may be found
In t". U. Potter'a "My Recollections,"
published by Lipplncott Co., East Wash.
Ington rtquare. Philadelphia. I'rlca tl.
A raesa at ttsa 1 akaa.
RAINIER. Or, Juna 20. (To the Ed
itor.) Where can cna obtain a copy
of tha roem "Tha Shooting of Dan Mc
Grew"? A SUBSCRIBER. -
"Spall of the Yukon,'
Service, published by E.
Philadelphia.
' by Robert
Stern tc Co,
TIMBER AM) ALL. TO SETTLERS
Let Meer Ht Crast FrwSt
t Pay Fsr trtwaieerlaug Hardship.
ROSEBURG. Or, June J0(To tha
Editor.) As one of the Oregon dele
gation In Congrasa has suggested
through The Oregonlan that tha dele
gation would Ilka to have augesliona
aa to tha bt methods of disposing of
the Oregon fc California Railroad Com
pany lands under tha decision of tha
Supreme Court of the United Etatea and
aa many people have already and will
continue to make suggestions. X am
also going to offer a suggestion aa to
bow it might ba disposed ot.
In tha first plac Congress when
granting tha lands to the railroad pro
vided In the granting act that the land
ba sold to actual settlers for II 40 per
acre. I would still ba In favor of car
rying out tha suggestion of Congress,
adding only to tb 82 14 a aura suf
ficient to make tha Government (whole
for cost of litigation and Interest ou
tha money.
My plan, roughly. Is to ht Con
gress appropriate a sum sufficient to
pay th railroaJ company 1140 per
acre, aa provided for in tba Supreme
Court decision, then have the land
thrown open to settlement to actual
settlers, and amend tha present home
stead law so aa to provide that the
settler clear and put Into actual culti
vation five acres ot lac at tba end of
three or five years' period, the settler
to make his final proof at the end of
three or five yeara.-and to pay tho Gov
ernment at that time tha aura of SI
per acre. Tta extra 60 cents would
pay for all the litigation and also pay
tha Interest on tha money appropriated
to purchase the land.
In thia way tha land would go to
actual settlers, as Congress intended
It should In the original grant, and
the Government would be made whole.
I know that many people will Imme
diately say that not half tha land la St
for cultivation. In answer to this 1
will say that In Clatsop. Tillamook.
Lincoln. Western Lane. Western Doug-
laa. Coos and Curry there are hundreds
of happy, prosperoua homes where the
cleared area doea not average mora
than from five to 10 acres in actual
cultivation. Added to this they have
from 10 to 20 acres more cleared ot the
brush and timber, tha atumpa left In the
ground, which la aeeded to tame grasa
or clover. fctlll these counties are very
rich In dairying, stock, fruit and ber
ries and they have good roads and
schools and their lands are on the tax
rolls and many of them have nice Utile
bank accounts.
1 undertake to aay without truthful
contradiction that there Is hardly
quarter section of the landa embraced
In the O. & C. land gre.nt but what as
much aa from five to 40 acraa of land.
when cleared of tha timber and brush,
will produce good crops, such aa oats.
various kinds of tame Trass and clo
ver, aa well aa fruit and berries, and
that any honest homebuilder can In
side of five years make a good, corn
fortahln home on ICO acres of this land
and can make more money than ha can
working for wage.
Some may say why give tha valuable
Umber l.-inda to settlers? Why not sell
It at a big prlca and give the Govern
ment the money? Why not put It In tha
forest reserve and conserve tha timber
for future generations? This argument
cornea principally from the forest re
serve people, many of whom. I am
sorry to aay. classify a hoineatetuler
aa a timber thief from the atari, and
hold him -under suspicion and watch
and hound Mm a such until he secures
his patent. If ha la fortunate enough to
ever get it.
I aay then. If you are auspicious of
him. don't try to make a thief ot him.
Sell the timber the same aa tha Gov
er.iment has aoid millions and millions
of acrea of it. and that. too. until only
lately at 1! iO per acre. Now after all
the valuable timber la gone or has
teen taken by speculators and r.aa been
given aa granta to railroad companies.
It la a little lata to bar down on tha
poor, honest settler who la trying to
set the privilege f hewing out a home
in tha a lid woods, where no one with
money will ever go except, hunters of
Mg game. There are thousanda of
good, honest men of families who will
gladly go upon these land If oppor
tunny Is offered and will make good
and Improve and build roads and
schools and place the lands on the tax
rolls and help bear the burden of gov
ernment, cell this land to actual eel
tiers and lu five years 2.000.000 acrea
of wild, wooded lands that are now
nothing but a big game rrcserve will
contain 14.000 nappy homes.
If these lar.da are aold for the tim
ber to the highest bidder, the lands
will go Into the possession of specula
tors, who will hold them probably aa
tha railroad company has for ers-
sr.d there will ba no settlement made on
these lands.
feme will say. why. the settler will
speculate on these lands; he will eel
them for 13 and later on sell them for
twice as touch. Well, let him make
a little on the Umber: It will help him
pay for clearing and Improving tha
lands, building roa2a and schools.
There should be some reward for the
hardships lnriaent to pioneering.
K. L. cliurp has proposed to let tha
settler have tha landa and the Govern
ment hold the timber and aell It In
time and give It to the settler In small
amounts. Simply make a pensioner of
him. If the (government wants to
help the settler, let It give the settler
at least aa fair a chance as It has the
rallroid company. Give hint the tin
to tha lands with the timber after he
has compiled with tha lawa.
R. F. JONES.
WHAT THE WHISTLK SAID.
T have a sweetheart that Uvea on a hill
With a father who guards her with
Iron-strong wIlL
Ha thinks ha has bid her from lovers
away.
But little recks ha of my whistle's lay
For a "Toot, toot-toot" from Its brass
throat will
Bring a flutter ot white from the
guarded hill.
Sometimes I hunger to sea her face:
To gaze on her form of mat-h!eis grace;
To see her fair head o'er tha casement
rise
With a smile for ma In her lovely
eyea.
A lor.g "A-woo-o-o." behold, she atands,
Flinging down klasra with warm, soft
hands.
Soma times I fear she will lonely get.
I feel that her lashes ara ofttlroea wet
That her dear heart long for Joy and
aong.
So I whii.Ua a cheer aa I ride along.
It's "Tools, toot-toota. toot-toot." 1 aay,
And I know that smiles chase the tears
away.
At night aa tha atar their vigil hold
And tha white moon silvea tha casement
cold.
I think of her cuddled up warm Inside.
Breathing our secret that pillows hide:
So a aoft. routed "Woo-o-o" aa the train
glides by.
Sings to my sweet one her lullaby.
Some day I shall chain that guardian
bold.
And snatch my lore from his selfish
hold.
Then awayn my horse o'er tbe shin
ing err!.
With a cllckety-cllck under each whirl
ing wheel.
My whistle shall sing "A-toota-toot.
still.
A glad farewell l the guarded hill.
E. (i.
largest Rallrwad TaaarL
Canadian Pacific la constructing a
five-mile tunnel under Selkirk range.
British Columbia, which will be tha
longest tunnel on the continent and
cost 10.000.000.
Twenty-Five Years Ago
Froa Th Osfjrlan. July 2. I-'.
The Supreme Court again has re
versed tha decision by which Charles
(Sandy) Old was sentenced to death
on tha verdict of a Multnomah County
Jury that his shooting of l.rmo Weber
was murder In Its worst form. As a
result Olds la to be allowed a fourth
trial. ThU ts the second t.me the Su
prema Court has conva to his rescue,
this time on tha grounJs that Weld
ler's testimony waa incompetent arJ
that a change ot venue s.-.ould r.ave
been given. Tha evidence, waa held
Insufficient. Justice Lord, however. di
sentod. Seattle suffered $100,000 los by f.re
last mgM when a whole row of buik:-
Ing on West street, between Columb'a
and Marlon. cr destroyed. The r.te
originated In S. It. Stewart's wholesale
co;n.lsion house.
Indianapolis Tha monument t''
Thomaa A. Hendricks. "Inc. ana a great
son." waa unveiled here yesterday w it n
much ceremony. General flcklea. of
New York; Governors Hiil cf New
ork. Campbell of Ohio and Francis of
Missouri ware among those present.
The terrific explosion which rattled
windows in Portland Sunday night It
developed yesterday occurred Jui-l
above St. Johns. A gang of men w ho
bad been clearing land near there caret
to town, became hilarious and. on their
way home, touched oft 400 pounds cf
powder Just tor tun.
A party cf Portlandera leave over
tha Union I'aclflc today In a special
car for a trip to Geyer's Hot Springs.
Idaho, two miles from Ketchum. Thev
propose being gona about three wwk.
Tha party Includes: 1L L- Flttock. wife
and daughter. Lulu; Colonel Fleischner.
Mxrtln Winch, K. J. r Iljrt, wife and
niece. Samuel Lowenstein. T. A Strow
brldge. W. H- SewalL rr tonneCeU
and H. TU Corbett and wife.
Misa Thllura Murch. of Coburg. ha
been apendlng the last year in Paris
and Berlin, perfecting here'.f In tha
French and German lancmirt. with a
view v( teaching the sair.e in tha Uni
versity of Oregon. She is row in Ber
lin and will return In September. Whila
in I'arls she attended the exposition
and ascended KISel tower. She gives a
graphic account of the tower In a let
ter published June -5 in tha Kugen
Guard.
Kvery boy In Portland will be mad
supremely happy soon, because John
Robinson's big circus Is headed this
way.
The Fourth of July committee last
night telegraphed to the Petaluma.
Cal.. couple to hurry on to Portland li
be married up In the balloon thst will
b aent up on tha big day.
Serseant J. W. Newklrk. Corrpsnv
G. last night won the W. O. Ste I
modal for tha best-drilled non-commissioned
officer.
R. R. Tuttla will be one of the crn1
marshals cf the Kovrth of J.ily parade
and he announced yesterday that the
line would move promptly at S o'clock.
;rat i.ixnr m three ruE
Writer C'awttwaa Agatasl Orerlftsklsx
Mineral Tatars w Rattled.
I'ORTLANl. Ju!y 1. (To te Ed
itor.) Aa wa all know. Concreis meet
about MX months h-nce. at wMch time
th manner of disposal cf some J100 -
000 acrea of railroad grant lands wi'l
ba considered. To all who have
studied the question It is clearly evi
dent that It is .t very d.itlcult an!
complicated problem to handle asd set
tle to the satisfaction of everybody
concerned. Nearly everyone has !".'
own views on th subject, but it Is of
anrprlt to the writer to r.ote thst In
all communications to tha i ress no or.
so itr has touched upon one cf tJ.
most Important phases of s!l iuvelve-1
the mineral resources of oir state.
The land grant read'ly divides Itself
Into three rlimrt t:ia agricultural,
the timber nd the mineral lands.
J. H. Wilson, in l-.ls communication
of June takes it for granted tr-,t all
au-h lands are timber lands, whereas
1 believe a sharp dittlnct'.on should be
mad In thir clsrsilicatlor. First, there
are the purely agricultural !!i4f.
which ar good for fsrrr.:e; purpose
only. In this rase 1 believe actual
settlers should be given preference In
tba disposal of them. Let those who
hae built homes and have livel a
minimum cf one year upon their claim
have the privilege of purchasing 1
or 10 acres at 12 SO or any oter fair
prlc per acre. Mtnv of thes pur
chasera havo paW out tlio or more t
operators In good faith of tfelr rljht
to the land, but would be Hilling to psv
another price to th Government rath
er than loe their home. T! settlers
not timber locators should b given
an opportunity to show their deslr to
retain their homesteads.
The second class, namely, the timber
lands, should. I beiiee. be disposed of
by sale to the highest blower. But th
question arlsea Just what should come
under the classification of timber lan!
and what should not. Let (overnment.
experts be sent out to determine that
for which the lard Is most valuable. If
section of ground is found to b
llchtly timbered, of rio mineral valun
whatever and more adapted for farm
ing ground than anything else, it may
be classed aa such. If It la heavily
timbered, poorly suited for agricultu
ral purposes and does not lie in n
known mineral belt, let it ba placed
In a clasa designated aa timber land.
The only land which I believe shonl.l
be place.! In reserve by te Govern
ment or withheld from immediate aale
is the territory generally known to lio
in mineral belts which run through
southern and eastern portions of tie
state. Of course, compared to the iti
mense amount of land Involved, ti: s
territory would not be lame. but.
nevertheless. I believe Is a most es
sential asset to tha state. After re
viewing each township separately,
these experts could submit a tabulated
statement consisting of the tbreo
classes of land to Congress for appro
val. Tha timber lands could be eoi!
to the highest bidder, the agricultural
landa disposed of to actual set tiers an.:
tbe mineral ground be thrown open to
prospectors.
Of great Importance to tho future
wealth of the state are the mineral
lands Included In this vast area. There
are thousands of acres cf railroad land
In the Stat of Oregon that ara posi
tively known to contain mineral gold,
silver, copper and lead. To be aure.
the ara not being developed, because
tha people ara not assured their rl-t
to the ground in ease of axtenrlv discoveries-
If on will go Into a mining aec
tlon today In Eastern or Southern Ore
gon where our great mineral belt are to
be found, ona will find that the mines
and prospects that ara being worked
are located In every other section of
ground In the township, which simply
goee to show that when th railroad
company w-aa granted every odd sec
tion, a great hindrance was placed in
the way to the development of the
mineral resources of th tt. When
th prospector find a gold prospect
but discovers It to be on railroad
ground, ha cannot afford to put In bis
time and labor In developing ground
on' which he feel he la not secure.
Should tha Government recognise th
Importance of acquiring tr.es land
and throw them open to prosr e tors, as
likewise settlers on agricultural lard
the state wll begin to enjoy an era "f
prosperous development heretofore un
known. Th disposal of these I. "00 Orn
acrea la a great problem. Involving
many phases of Oregon's resources, and
upon Ita proper handling wt'.l depend
the fulur development of our state.
W. VERNON.