6
TIIE MORXIXG OREGOXIAX. TUESDAY, JUXE 29. 19T5.
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tUTI.AD, TUESDAY. JCNB S9, 1915.
T WITHIN A VERY gHORT TIMK.
- I therefore publicly and very solemnly call
,on the leaders of all taction in Mexico to
rfict together and to act promptly lor the
---relivf of their prostrate country. 1 teel it
- to be my duty to tell them that if they can.
r not accommodate their differences and
unite with thia-grcat purpose within a very
short time, this Government will be con
detrained to decide what means should be
4-mployed by the United States to help
Hujktco save herself and save her people.
. ; It Is well enough now to recall the
words of the President of the United
'States, addressed on June 2, 1915,
.to the quarreling Mexican brigadiers
ot loot and lust. They have received
- the formal warning- of their powerful
-neighbor with open scorn or with
tlcontemptuous silence. They have
T.had experience with watchful wait
;'ing, and they believe it is inspired by
feebleness, and riot by patience.
"Within a very short time" does
,not give the Mexicans a great deal of
platitude. It may be assumed that
-the President meant to follow warn
ing with action. There is not now
-the excuso of Bryan'a presence in the
Cabinet to justify flabbiuess -and
'"weakness in our foreign policies.
THE REAL DECIDING FACTORS.
In forming our opinions as to the
"final result of the war, it is necessary
that we do not permit the events of
7- the immediate present, however mo-
mentous they appear, so to fill our
-field of mental vision that we fail to
.observe the development of the far
''"greater a-id ultimately decisive
factors. We must judge the war as a
.-whole. Our conclusions must not be
-based on the present deadlock in the
-west and ora, the Dardanelles, on Teu
;.ton victories in the east nor on Italian
progress in the south. They must be
formed after taking into consideration
not only the number of men, ammu
nition, guns and ships now arrayed
...against each other, but the means of
replacing losses in, and adding to, the
supply of these requisites to success.
..This involves consideration of the
"ability to manufacture an ample sup
's; ply of war material without respite
"5 Until victory is won. It also involves
" ability to command the raw material
1 and the money needed.
; Rece-.it events are important ln this
'2 connection chiefly as showing what
-are the chief .essentials to success. The
Teutons won in Galicia because they
"had overpowering artillery and un-
limited shells. The French and Ger
Jnans are deadlocked in the west be-
cause they a're about equally matched
It In that respect. The British are pay
!"lng a heavy toll of men for keeping
the Germans at a standstill, because
?H they lack enough ammunition to
match the Germans in artillery fire,
much less to assume a general offen
J; elve. The meaning of this situation
.is plain. The chief elements of euc
Xcess are to be found, not on the bat--tlefield
but in the factories at home.
Z - Germany started at her maximum.
She now has under arms practically
"every fighting man, according to the
i New York Sun's review of estimates
from the various fronts. Her industries
were organized and the whole nation
J" "was mobilized to supply the army
i "with war material when the war
began. She cannot increase her out
put and she is possibly using up her
accumulated supply of amr-.unition
J and of materials for its manufacture.
The men killed or permanently dis
abled cannot, be replaced with new
nen drawn from civil life. Austria
too started at her maximum power,
.J! but her generalship and the spirit of
her troops fell far below those of
-Germany. Hence she has suffered
2 disastrous losses and has sunk much
-fanner man . ijermany oeiow ner
maximum.
2 ', France vas the first to see the
'advantage with which Germany had
started, and the German tidal wave
was no sooner turned back at the
llarne than France set to work to
deprive her enemy of it. In Septem
ber she began organizing all her
-workshops for production of war ma
terial under a law placing them and
rail workmen at the disposal of the
"state, the workmen to be moved about
as national interests require. With
-foreign supplies of raw material
available to make up her home defi
ciencies, she now produces as ample
ammunition as her chief enemy. In
material she has reached her maxi-
- mum, while in men she has 1,500,000
in reserve.
" Britain, as usual, entered the war
unprepared. Nearly all her wars can
he divided into three periods the
first of blundering and bungling, with
. deficiencies In both men and materia
&t the front: the second, of keeping
the enemy at bay with such men and
material as she can hastily assemble
.and rush forward, while she really
prepares to fight: the third, of actual
fighting with all the men and ma
terial necessary to success. In this
war the blundering and bungling was
'at home rather than In the field, and
lt imposed upon the army a super
human task. The second stage has
X3ust been entered upon with Lloyd
-George, as minister of munitions,
mobilizing the nation's industrial
forces in a manner peculiarly British.
He has authority to use compulsion,
hut he keeps it in the background
while he does everything possible to
secure voluntary co-operation.
Lloyd George hopes thus to enlist
on his side such an overpowering
sentiment that he will encounter no
opposition to use of compulsion
against the relatively few shirkers and
flackers. He eliminating causes of
discontent and is forming a voluntary
committee in each district to organize
-. -the Industries. The measure of his
success can be Judged rom Lanca
shire's offer to produce 250,000 ex
plosive shells a month, but he prom
ised not to growl if the county started
at that and worked up to a million.'
Red tape, union rules, war pronts, all
are to be cast aside in the supreme
effort to produce eo many guns and
shells that a constant stream will
pour into France and the Dardanelles,
and that Russia's deficiencies may be
made up.
Russia began the war with more
troops available than either of her
allies, but with less means of supply
ing them with material. To her short
comings In this respect are mahily
due her defeats in Galicia.. In the
space of one hour 200,000 shells 'were
fired at the Russians. In the battle
on the San, says the correspondent of
the Novoe Vremja;
At Radyinno alone 700,000 shells were
fired by the oermani within 24 hours. The
wave of high explosives swamped our
trenches, broke among the divisional staffs
and reserves, and even among remote trans
port columns. The curtain of bursting
shells rendered the enemy's trenches in
visible. It became Impossible to bring up
teams to remove the guns.
To meet such storm, Russia In
creased her production of munitions
sevenfold within the first half year of
the war, prohibifion alone having In
creased the productive capacity of the
men 30 per cent. She has now begun
organizing all her factories for war,
seizing those owned by Germans and
calling all specialists and technical
students into service. But she Is so
far behind her allies in manufactur
ing that she must call upon them for
a large proportion of their supply.
Italy, having had ten months within
which to prepare before entering the
fray, was amply supplied. By watch
ing the war she could see and apply
its latest lessons. She started at her
maximum efficiency with her indus
tries already organized for war and
with abundant material accumulated.
These being the essentials to suc
cess, it can be gained by a nation of
inferior resources only by starting at
the maximum efficiency and by gain
ing such rapid and. complete victory!
as to deprive the enemy of his re- j
sources, to acquire them and to turn
them against him. Japan started with
this advantage over Russia, but after
the battle of Mukden she receded
from her maximum while Russia ad
vanced toward hers. Russia at that
stage had only Just begun to use her
resources, while Japan had used near
ly all of hers. . The result was that
Russia practically dictated the terms
of peace.
WHAT OF THE TIMBER?
It is a good deal easier to point
out policies that ought not to be pur
sued in respect to the railraoad land
grant than it is to offer practicable
suggestions for Its best utilization in
conformity with the public interests.
There are the three sections which
have come under the personal obser
vation of Mr. J. T. Wilson, who tells
of them in a letter printed today.
The three sections, he estimates, are
worth $100 per acre for the timber
that is on them.
' Attempt to enforce the actual set
tlers' clause in respect to these sec
tions could only result, as Mr. Wil
son says, in fraudulent settlement or
destruction of wealth. Here are 1920
acres worth in the raw state of the
timber $192,000. The use of the tim
ber would result in the .creation of
wealth many times that value. Nor
will putting the timber to use make
the land less valuable for agricultural
purposes.
The actual settler does not have
$16,000 to pay for a quarter-section
of land. If he were permitted to pur
chase at $400, or $2.50 per acre, for
tunes would either be allotted for a
song to men who would make settle
ment a mere matter of technical resi
dence, or the Umber would be slashed
and burned to make way for cultiva
tion. Yet it is not to our interests to
have the timber rot or stand idle in a
forest reserve.
In short there Is a value In much
of the grant to which the Supreme
Court declares the railroad is not en
titled value which would be per
manently destroyed by "settlement,"
but which can be saved to useful pur
pose. Shall it be turned over by lot
to lucky entrymen,. or appropriated
by the Federal Government or given
to the state?
Certainly the lands should be classi
fied and conservation not reserva
tion of the value in the timber be
assured by appropriate enactment.
WHAT A PEACE I.EAGCE COUI.U DO.
Prof. Hugo Munstenberg has no
hope of success for the plan of a
League of Peace, all members of
which would be bound to combine
their armed forces against any mem
ber which attempted to settle an arbi
trable quarrel by war. He fears that
the treaty binding such a league would
be broken as easily as have been other
treaties in the present conflict. In a
letter to the League of Peace he pre
dicts that "the Interests of strong,
growing nations will lead In the fu
ture as in the past to conflicts," foi
nations will not be "more willing to
give up their chances in such con
flicts" than they now are. He thinks
the world will more willingly go to
war and already foresees a conflict
between Britain and Russia. Agree
ments of the kind proposed, he says,
"would awake a treacherous confi
dence," while "all true protection
would be lacking."
Two lessons are found in the war
by Professor Munsterberg one that
"mere agreements cannot bind any
nation in an hour of vital need"; the
other that "the mere joining of forces
widens and protracts a war, but does
not hinder it." Peace endeavors can
succeed only by positive, not by nega
tive means. Rather than focus atten
tion on' disasters to be "avoided, we
should awaken impulses toward the
right action build up from within.
Doubtless a league of peace com
posed of nations formed by such a
cold-blooded parceling out of terri
tory as was made by the treaty of Vi
enna in 1815 would break down, as
Dr. Munsterberg predicts. A league
composed of nations whose boundaries
closely conformed to racial lines
would, however, be free from the
most fruitful cause of past wars and
from the true inciting cause of the
present war. A league founded on
the principle that no boundary should
be changed without the consent of
the population concerned would have
yielded to one of those right impulses
of which he speaks. There would ,be
a genuine community of interest in
maintaining such established bounda
ries. Other questions should be sus
ceptible of arbitration or conciliation.
An essential part of the plan of a
league of peace would be limitation
of armaments of each nation, that it
might bear a certain ratio to popula
tion, 'wealth and the necessities of
each case. Such a limitation would
prevent any one nation from attaining
so superior a degree of military pre
paredness that It could hold out long
against all other nations combined.
Given these sound fundamental
conditions for maintenance of peace, a
league of peace would have good pros
pects of success. It would insist that
strong, "growing; nations" grow with
in their own bounds or overflow by
emigration to new, undeveloped coun
tries. It would forbid them to grow
by grabbing their neighbors' territory
and by subjugating the inhabitants.
It would prevent any one nation from
acquiring such preponderant military
power that it could commit such ag
gression in defiance of the league.
THK INCREASING DEATH KATE.
For persons whose age is over forty
the annual death rate is increasing.
For younger persons sanitation and
the prevention of the infectious dis
eases have lowered the rate. But for
the diseases of mature life other
measures are required. It is said by
physicians that about 80 per cent of
the deaths of men and women above
the limit of forty years might be
postponed almost indefinitely if prop
er precautions were observed." We
lose from diseases of the kidneys and
circulatory system, including apoplexy
and paralysis, about 410,000 persons
every year. The victims are mostly
men. Comparatively few women die
of these maladies.
The United States Publio Health
Service warns us that the expectation
of life, after forty is less than it
was thirty years ago, and this is "due
largely to t'te prevalence of diseases
of degeneration." And the degenera
tion, as the warning goes on to say,
can be traced back to sedentary oc
cupations and "indulgences" such as
tobacco, liquor and, particularly, over
eating. The overladen dinner table
sends more men to untimely graves
than the winecup.
These diseases of degeneration,
which are 'increasing out of all pro
portion to the population, might be
prevented almost entirely by temper
ate living and by exercise. We mean
by temperate living moderation in
food and drink, rational hours of
work, adequate rest and recreation.
Exercise to be of any value must be
taken regularly and kept up persis
tently. " Any man who wishes to live
long and retain his health must make
up his mind to work his muscles. He
will get more good from outdoot
exercise than from any other kind
and Portland with its lawns and gar
dens offers enviable opportunities for
it.
But bedroom gymnastics are better,
far better, than nothing. It takes
tremendous resolution to continue
them a great while but they are worth
all they cost. There are hundreds or
city roofs that might be transformed
into gymnasiums and recreation
grounds with little cost and they
would be extremely desirable on ac
count of the open air they afford.
There are plenty of ways to get ex
ercise if a man is determined to have
It. The only question is whether he
thinks enough of his Jife to take care
of his body. As matters stand, most
men do not.
OCR COLLEGE MENTORS.
"What should we do without the
baccalaureate sermon with its super
fine wisdom and dreadful warnings?
To have all our faults held up to us
once a year in a hundred college pul
pits is a blessing which we ought to
be thankful for. The healing floods
of the commencement preacher's wis
dom make us all feel like Solomons,
at least for a while. Perhaps this de
lightful effect would last longer if
the wisdom were a little more genuine.
President Hadley's baccalaureate ser
mon was typical. The good man had
to utter a word of warning and advice
to our "democracy."
A democracy unwarned by the an
nual college sage would go headlong
to destruction in - a few weeks. It
might . even fall into some of the
troubles which distress the European
monarchies, from which hitherto we
have been exempt largely, of course,
by following the counsels of the col
lege orators. President Hadley thinks
our worst fault is our proneness to
"hasty speech" and the lack of self
control that naturally accompanies
it. "We indulge In the luxury ot
righteous indignation without full in
formation as to the fact or adequate
calculation of the consequences."
No doubt, no doubt. And the fault
Is one to repent of in sackcloth and
ashes. But we have the consolation
of knowing that other countries are
just as bad or worse. "Hasty speech"
is quite common everywhere, even in
Germany. Occasionally our sister na
tions do even worse than to "feel in
dignation" without full knowledge of
the facts and consequences. They
plunge into war now and then with
out counting the cost. Silly as we
Americans are we have managed to
keep out of the big war thus far. And
if our college advisers are faithful
in dealing with our shortcomings per
haps we shall stay out of it.
Despite the keen sense of our fail
ures which always comes over us at
commencement time w-e are, upon the
whole, peaceful, prosperous and
happy, a good deal more than can be
said of some nations. The United
States is a land of many misdeeds
but with all her faults w love her
still. Like George Eliot's Mrs. Poyser,
she imparts a certain comfort and
security to our lives which Is worth
a good deal of more showy merit.
HONESTY IN ADVERTISING,
The recent convention of the Asso
ciated Advertising Clubs of the World
recorded a marked advance in the
ethics of advertising. Reputable
newspapers are now conducted on the
theory that it pays to tell the truth In
advertising as well a3 in news col
umns. They hold that advertising of
quacks, fakes and swindles d.oes them
an injury far exceeding in money
value the sums they receive therefor.
Their maxim is now the old school
book adage: "Honesty is the best
policy."
The good will of a newspaper con
sists not only in its readers confidence
in the completeness and accuracy of
its news; it consists also in a reputa
tion for the reliability of statements
contained in its advertising columns.
Necessarily the more confidence an
advertisement inspires in a reader,
the more benefit it confers on the
advertiser, for the more it will incline
the reader to buy. If side by side
with an actually truthful advertise
ment there appears another for an ob
vious fraud or one which looks
"fishy," " the doubt raised as to the
newspaper's reliability will extend to
the truthful advertisement and the
firm which has been paid for it loses
part of that for .which he has paid.
Frauds are naturally short-lived,
fly-by-night affairs and are only
transient customers of the newspaper,
while reputable, well established con
cerns which tell the truth and deal
fairly are permanent customers year
in and year. out. The reputable is
unwilling to be placed by the reader
In the same category with the disrepu
table. Hence the newspaper must
choose between the two, and sees its
advantage in the long run to lie in
choosing the reputable ahd casting out
the disreputable.
So firmly fixed has this policy be
come among newspapers of high char
acter and among high-class advertis
ing men generally that they not only
exclude fraudulent advertisements,
but when, in the haste necessarily in
cident to publication of a daily news
paper, a doubtful "ad" is accepted, its
statements are investigated. Each
ad club has a vigilance committee,
which runs down apparent falsehood
and exaggeration, even to the point
of having a chemical analysis of goods
made. These committees in different
cities co-operate, and the composition
of impure goods is exposed on moving
picture films.
By this policy the advertising de
partments of such newspapers as The
Oregonian have become a bulwark of
strength to honest business and are
a powerful means of driving quacks,
fakers and swindlers out of business.
They are thus protecting their readers
against imposition. They are agents
of the square deal between merchants
and consumers and between promoters
and investors.
Thomas Jefferson was prouder of
the University of Virginia than of any
other work of his hand or brain.
Benjamin Franklin laid the founda
tions of Pennsylvania University.
George Washington left an endow
ment for a National university, but
his wishes still hang fire. The point
is that these statesmen saw the con
nection between knowledge and Na
tional success.
A sapient contemporary says "stones
are al.ive" because they contain sili
con, which is a constituent of animals
and vegetables. By the same reasoning-water
is much more alive than
stones since it forms three-fifths of
our bodies. In fact It is common to
speak of "living springs" as well as
"living rocks." By well directed logic
we can prove almost anything.
The Osage Indian tribe has just
sold 680,000 acres of oil land. Need
we say to whom? The chief Ashega
bre signed the deed with his thumb
mark, which is better than any writ
ten signature because t cannot be
counterfeited. The palefaces will
never cease from their wiles until the
last Indian has deeded away his last
acre.
Farmers will read with satisfaction
that the Federal Trade Commission is
going to investigate the marketing of
apples. Investigations are fashionable
and sometimes more or less beneficial.
But the farmers would be still more
pleased should the Government take
some practical measures to help market-
their products.
Serbia has some territory that Bul
garia claims. Bulgaria wants some
territory that Greece holds. If Serbia
and Greece will relax their grip on
these tracts Bulgaria will join the al
lies and march against Constantinople.
The trade is under discussion and may
be effected any day.
Farm mortgages do not always
mean distress. "We've got to mort
gage this farm" was formerly a cry
of woe, but nowadays it may signify
prosperity. A mortgage to raise money
for improvements is often as helpful
to a farmer as a note at the bank to a
merchant.
The instinct to be a cave man is
strong in the healthy boy In midsum
mer and given the bank to tunnel he
cannot resist the call. He knows
nothing of the danger and would
scorn it if he did. This is the period
when parental wisdom must be the
guidance.
t
Organization has reached its limit
in the National Speech Artists' Asso
ciation, which met in annual session
at San Francisco yesterday. Popular
idea confined these things to the asy
lum, but many seem to have escaped.
When the trunk roads radiating
from the city have been paved we
shall find many extensions like that
proposed by County Commissioner
Holman which can be built at mod
erate cost.
It may be nobody loves a fat man,
but 1 he is coming into his own in
France, which has about decided to
enlist him. Now he will show the
"splinters" that he can fight and not
run away.
Oregon's wheat crop is estimated
at 20 per cent greater than last year.
In Washington County the growers
figure on forty-five bushels to the
acre, and "Washington is an average
county.
Middle "Western roads want five
million feet of Oregon lumber to build
into 1500 freight cars. That is only a
start in revival of the times.
The fat men of France may reduce
their weight by guarding communica
tions and thus may qualify for service
at the front.
The fiend who prompted Prinzip to
shoot must be well satisfied with the
result as he surveys the world today.
The Taquis are Indians with the
Indian idea of warfare, and nothing
better can be expected from them.
The time is coming for another gen
eral election, but why think of it until
cold weather is here?
The Indian wedding at Klamath
Falls marks an alliance of the powers
in Southern Oregon.
Turkey is too fully occupied to
move on Italy. Italy is in a better
position to move.
Huerta's intentions may have been
as innocent as he says, but he needs
watching.
Ty Cobb is batting less than .400,
but his spiking average is gaining.
Fortunately for the Russian army,
this is a good season for walking.
1 ' ' '
These rare days in June are crowd
ing" to get into the calendar.
A moral duty lies heavily on every
fan to go out to the park.
Now, Beavers, two of the three se
ries, no less.
The Jitney 'seems to be eliminating
itself.
"Beat It, Huerta!
European War Primer
Br National Geographical Society.
The Great Russians are the first of
Slavonic peopies and the history of
their rise is the history of the growth
of the mighty Slavonic empire. There
are Little Russians, White Russians.
Red Russians, Cossacks and scores of
widely varying peoples within the con
fines of the Muscovite realm, but Great
Russia is the cradle of real Russians
and the-source of Russian progress and
greatness. Of this kennel people of the
vast modern nation a bulletin issued
by the National Geographic Society at
Washington says:
Before all other Slavonic peoples,
those- of Great Russia have succeeded
in building the most powerful, the most
enduring and the most promising of
empires. Great Russia comprehends
that part of the empire which is bound
ed by the Polar Seas upon the north,
by the Ural Mountains upon the east,
Novgorod and Kursk upon the soutn
and the Polish and Baltic provinces
upon the west. Within these confines
has grown up the power that today has
brought into being the mightiest of all
empires welded behind one unbroken
border.
The nucleus of Great Russia in
cluded a narrower region, with Kursk.
Smolensk, Novgorod, Vologda, Nijnl
Novgorod and Tambov as its bound
aries. Moscow is the heart of this re
gion, the inspiration in the development
of the dominant Russian. From this
central region, growing outwards, the
Russian people have developed slowly,
but steadily, through, centuries; much
as in the case of the individual of the
north and in strong contra-dlstinction
to the nations of the south, they have
come to their prime late. Today Russia
has reached a majority that is filled
with unbounded promise.
The Great. Russian has a touch of
Finnish and of Tartar blood, the one
making him a little more phlegmatic,
a little tougher than his other Slavonic
brothers, and the other giving him a
quality of thrift, making him a better
housekeeper, than is the free-handed
Pole, Little Russian and Servian. The
Finns at one time lived all along the
Volga Valley, while the Tartars several
times inundated Muscovy during Rus
sian infancy.
Great Russia numbers about one
third of the empire's people. With the
exception of Petrograd and Odessa, it
includes the more important, more pro
gressive cities of Russia, and all of
the cities whose histories are Russian
history, such as Rostov the Great, Tver,
Moscow. Yaroslav, Vladimir and Tula.
Throughout this land long and bitter
Winters reign, forcing the people to re
main inactive several months each year.
During these cold months the Russian
peasant and his family spend the time
huddled around the great stoves, or, in
very, cold weather, resting on top of
them.
The peasant homo in Great Russia
consists usually of only one room, fif
teen feet square, built with bunks
around Its walls, with, perhaps, a small
loft overhead and a shallow cellar
storeroom. The Great Russian village
Is generally two long lines of 'these
simple homes facing each other across
a broad street. Hermetically sealed
against the stinglnsr Winter weather,
the Russian home In Winter tends to
make its indwellers stogy, for fresh
air only finds admission with the open
ing and closing of the door.
The life of the Great Russian peasant
is something far more simple than that
of the poorest of America's farmers.
Sour cabbage, black bread and cucum
bers are the staples of his table. Sour
cabbage, put up in casks, slightly salted
and fermented, is the first thought of
the hungry Great Russian peasant. This
sour cabbage, cooked in soup, with
black bread, forms many and many a
meal of the Russian family. Meat, ex
cept during the harvest festivals, is
rare at the moujik's table. Despite sim
ple fare he, however, is a remarkable
worker, and also a man of splendid
physique.
A man, woman and a horse form a
Great Russian household. The peasants
marry young. Marriages are simple
ceremonies. The feasts, on the other
hand, last several days, and in the years
before the war they were enlivened with
quantities of vodka. Instead of rice
the Russian showers the bride and
bridegroom with hops. By the rules of
the Orthodox Church a man may marry
three times, but not more, and a widow
may make a second venture. There are
few beautiful peasant girls in Great
Russia. Good looks in a woman there
are more a matter of deep chests, mus
cular arms and powerful shoulders
than one of beauty of face.
A SMALL. BOY'S COMPLAINT.
Oh, gee! I think it's awful mean
The way this world is run
Fourth of July is almost here.
But we can't have no fun.
The guys out here in Oregon
Have said they want it "sane,"
An' so they don't want any noise
Don't, that give you a pain?
Why, who cares if their clothes are
burnt"
Wear old ones like I do
An' what's a banged-up thumb or hand
When you've had fun clear through?
We once could play like soldiers real
An' hear the cannon's roar,
An' shoot the rockets "Zip-boom-ah!"
Oh, gee! I'm awful sore.
Now picnics are the latest stunt.
An' take it straight from me.
Of all the hard-worked boys there is,
I'm "it" just come an' see.
There's always forty thousand kids
That simply tag around.
An" baskets that must be unpacked
An' wood that must be found,
An' water that you tote a mile.
An' tables to be set.
An' just when all gets straightened out
It rains then things gets weL
Then when it's time to start for home
An' you Just rest awhile.
My mother say, "Why, Willie, dear.
Don't look bo sour just smile;
You've really had such lots of fun
With all these children here,
I'd like to have a picnic, say
Six times throughout the year."
It's wasting breath to try an' say
You're mad enough to bust
But if this stunt comes off next year
You won't see Bill for dust.
MABELLE VIRGINIA DRAKE.
Seaside, Or.
Joat a Splash.
PORTLAND, June 28. (To the Edi
tor.) For more than a century the
Ship of State rode majestically on
through the Sea of Prosperity. The
Captain was changed from time to
time and the officers were varied occa
sionally. Troubled waters were en
countered now and then, but the Cap
tain and his officers stayed with the
ship continually . and always brought
it safely to port. The crew was ever
ready to stand back of the Captain,
and all went well.
The good ship rode majestically on,
ever forward, day by day advancing
in the standing of Nations. And then,
when all but she were in troubled wa
ters, a black cloud appeared in the dis
tance. The Captain and his worthy as
sistants held steadily to the course
all save the first mate, who tried to
run the staunch craft on the rocks.
Failing in the attempt, he leaped head
long to oblivion in the Bryany deep.
There was a splash. The lifeboats
were not manned. And the Ship of
State rode majestically on.
MELISSA UVEDALIA.
Center of Population.
BOISE. Idaho. June 27. (To the Edi
tor.) (1) Can you give me list of four
or five correspondence schools which
teach "financing" by mail?
(2) What is the center of population
in the United States as per 1910 census?
H. R. S.
(1) Write to any school which ad
vertises in current periodicals.
(2) In the City of Bloomington, Ind.
WHAT TO I0 ABOUT LAND GRANT
Disposition of Timber and Question of
Taxes Important Isaacs.
CORVALLIS, Or.. June 28. (To the
Editor.) The thing to do now is to
agree upon a plan about the Oregon &
California grant lands and all pull to
gether. Would it be right to agree that
the railroad shall sell to actual set
tlers for a price to be agreed upon and
then let the railroad give the title by
deed and retain $2.50 per acre for the
land sold and balance to go to the Gov
ernment for the benefit of the reclama
tion fund? Let the people who have
paid the railroad more than $2.50 an
acre, within the statutory period of
limitations, recover from the railroad,
if they can, and those outside the stat
utes, let them remain in statu quo.
No doubt the limitation of selling to
actual settlers will produce the same
kind of fraud that Mr. Heney and Mr.
Burns prosecuted. No actual settler
can make a living on 160 acres of tim
ber land. And he cannot use the tim
ber, but he can become the agent of a
man who desires to buy up a large
quantity of timber and make something
out of his birthright. It would be
worse than it is now if the land could
only go to actual settlers, for that
would never induce the establishment
of sawmills, and the running of rail
lines into the timber, which is the only
means the country has of realizing on
the value of the timber. As soon as the
timber is cut off and the sunlight has
a chanco to warm and vivify the earth,
then the lands will become valuable for
grazing until the new growth of tim
ber again shuts out the sun.
I live within about 20 miles of three
sections of this railroad land, upon
which is growing a body of timber
something like 75.000.000 to the section.
Now. it would be absurd to ask the
railroad to sell this to some man for
$2.50 an acre. This land is worth more
than $100 an acre for the timber alone;
It is near a railroad and very accessible.
A policy should be agreed upon which
will enable me or any other man who
knows about this timber to go on the
land and make a settlement, and then
go to the railroad and tender the
amount the railroad and the Govern
ment asks for the laud and timber, and
pay it, and then hold the timber, if
desired, or sell it to some one else, if
that is desired, without any fraud
about it.
Men will not willingly commit fraud,
if they know it is fraud. Most of the
people whom Mr. Heney und Mr. Burns
prosecuted did not know they were
committing fraud, for they were fol
lowing precisely in the footsteps of
many before them, with whom th Gov
ernment had trafficked, and while the
transactions were stopped, and many
persons ruined in their reputation, it
is questionable whether as good results
could not have been obtained without
the fraud prosecutions, and without
these people losing their reputations.
I do not believe it would be right to
require the railroad to refund the ex
cess over $2.50 an acre for which they
have sold some lands. That they did
not sell all of it is their own fault and
thus shift the political aspects of this
mess. The railroad has uncomplain
ingly paid the tribute exacted by coun
ties up and down the grant, and has
built more sehoolhouses and public
highways since the law enabling school
and road districts to make special as
sessments than any one else in Oregon.
They have been grievously treated in
the matter of assessments. In view of
this $2.50 limitation. The railroad may
imagine it can recover a lot of. these
heavy taxes, but that they cannot do.
And that is one good moral reason why
they ought not be required to refund
the excessive money they have charged
for the land over $2.50 an acre.
When I was assisting to fix values in
this county several years ago the rail
road came in for the heaviest raise.
Their tax bill was increased something
like $28,000 a year actual cash paid the
county, and this was continued for sev
eral years. The land was then in liti
gation, and they could not object. They
did not desire to object, if the value
was there, so they said. But with the
value split up between the railroad and
the Government it it is not so easy to
see what is exactly the right thing to
do about these taxes. The counties
will not like to refund the enormous
railroad taxes, nor even the Govern
ment's proportion of them. But it looks
to one up a tree as if that proportion
between $2.50 an acre and the amount
the land was assessed for an acre might
have to be refunded to the railroad.
That would create a howl, let me tell
you. J. H. WILSON.
"REGRETS."
"One evening as I wandered forth
To get a breath of air,
I spied a maiden whose lovely face
Was sweetly young and fair.
Her step was dalntj as the fawn.
And wondrous was her hair.
"Young stranger, whither goeth thou?"
I challenged with my eyes.
"Does quest of love thy steps constrain.
Or other youthful prize?
Or happy art thou hieing
Serenely on thy way
To a chocolate emporium
Or a moving-picture play?
I've seen yon glowing Summer sun
Just thirty years return.
But never till this moment
Have I had cause to mourn
Mourn because I met you not
When I was twenty-three.
Fearing if I woo you now
That you 'will laugh at me.
For time has not been idle.
His marks are on my brow.
The years that I have squandered
Have come to haunt me now.
Full many a time had wisdom
Advised me to wed.
Y'et I heeded not the warning,
And the happy chances fled.
Behold me now thus lonely,
Ambling on my way.
Staring at shop windows
With feelings sad and gray.
Ye Gods! the scornful look of her;
No chance had I to win;
The hay upon my temples
Was faded out and thin.
She saw upon my manly face
The footprints of the crow;
She roze me with a chilling glance
That shook me like a blow.
Oh. man, while in thy early prime
Be warned, alas, by me.
And do not let the chances slip
A benedict to be.
For in your later years you'll meet
Full many a lovely face.
And when you beg a smile she'll look
Far, far away in space
Or slay you with the lightning
Of sweet but hostile eyes.
And all the blue will fade for you
From out the Summer skies.
GEORGE H. SANDS.
Oregon Members of Congress.
GASTON, Or., June 27. (To the Edi
tor.) (1) What are the names of the
United States Representatives from
Oregon and from what districts were
they elected, respectively? (2) What
are the names of the United States
Senators from Oregon? (3) What are
the names of the Oregon State Repre
sentatives and Senators who represent
Washington County in the State Legis
lature? A SUBSCRIBER.
(1) W. C. Hawley. First District; N.
J. Sinnott, Second District; C. N. Mc-
Arthur, Third District. (2) George E.
Chamberlain and Harry Lane. (3)
Senators, W. D. Wood and W. H. Hol
lis; Representatives. William G. Hare,
S. Paisley, Benton Bowman.
No. - ;
ORENCO, Or., June 27. (To the Ed
itor.) Kindly advise me whether I can
legally marry without waiting six
months, my divorce being granted in
the State of Washington. ANXIOUS.
Twenty-Five Year Ago
From The OreKOnlan of June 20, 1SUO.
At half past two yesterday morning
Mr. John Bradt, superintendent of the
Southern Pacific lines in Oregon, died
at the Lick House in San Francisco.
He was on his way home, accompanied
by his wife. Miss Susie Woodard and
Miss Susie Royce. After attending tho
theater Friday night he retired at the
hotel and between 1 and 2 o'clock
awoke with a violent tit of coughing
which lasted until he died.
Washington Secretary Blaine had
another long conference today with thu
Mexican Minister, Romero, regarding
the scheme to capture Lower Cali
fornia. It is understood that Mr.
Romero has been advised by his gov
ernment that no steps would be taken
against the United States for com
plicity of its citizens in the scheme.
London The conflict between Turk
ish soldiers and Armenians at
Uraeroura is viewed with alarm in diplo
matic circles and on the continent. It
is feared that Russia may at last be
compelled to take the initiative step
to protect the long-persecuted Chris
tians of Armenia.
One of the most interesting features
of the Fourth of July celebration will
be the balloon wedding. The commit
tee who have the matter in charge are
making active preparations. Tho
mammoth balloon is here and Professor
Lang, the aeronaut, arrived in the city
yesterday.
Yesterday afternoon a centleman was
out on Fifteenth and Oregon streets,
Ilolladay Addition, when he noticed a
small box on the ground. A card was
attached to it on which was written,
"Care of the Baby Home." On opening
the box he was surprised to find an In
fant only a few hours old, alive and
kicking.
Saturday evening was an eventful
one in the history of Albina, when the
jrraduatlns class gave their entertain
ment at Union Hall. The lare hall
was filled to its utmost capacity by
parents und friends lornr before the ex
ercises began, showing the great in
terest taken in the public schools. The
programme whs very interesting
throughout, consisting of cs.-ays and
orations, interspersed with solos and
mi. sic.
Hlf a Century Ago
From The Oregonian of June 20. ISrt.".
Kditorhi 1 The slanderous caiumn 1a tor
of the Oregon Reporter, whose delight
it Is "to jnake most hellish meals of
good men's names," hays that the late
President Lincoln u as a dissimulating
villain. The false accuser deserves to
be scourged with a whip of scorpions
through the nether regions to all eter
nity. Gas failed in sonic places on Tuesday
evening about the city for a short time.
At this ofiice. at the Council chamber
and other places candles were in active
demand about liy:htint4-tii tlmo, but
before they were lighted saa camo in
the usual quantity.
The people of The Da'ies h:ivo pur
chased a golcl-heucied '.aii3 and con
template awarding it to Senator
Nesmlth upon his return from the
Simcoe Indian ng;ncv .-is a tribute of
their respect for "value received" dur
ing his course as United States Senator
from Oregon on the mint question.
The Portland Water Company is tun
neling Robinson hill, at the Ilea.) of
South street, hoping thereby to s-rcuro
a living spring of pure, wholesome
water sufficient tu supply the city.
The model of a machino to separate
geld from dirt without tl.-. "s of
water was shown to us yo-nciuiiy. it
is a really ingenious contrivance. The
inventor promises that it will save all
the gold and that as much dirt can be
put through it in a day us two men
can handle. It seems to us it wou.d
be a useful machine in districts where
water is scarce.
As an evidence that Portland is
branching out wo refer to the days
fresh in the memory of all here who
have been in the city any length of
time, when no business house was to
Lo teen beyond tV.e prescribed limit jt
First street west. Salmou street south
or B street north. Now a large amount
of business is transacted farther out
than either of the above named points.
Yesterday morning the contractor for
the improvement of Front street, south
of Morrison street, with a gang of 25
or 30 men, commenced the long-neglected
work of giving this city one
passable street. The wyiK wl . be
pi-shed forward vigorcusly to comple
tion. An Interrupted Concert.
PORTLAND, June 2S. (To the Edi
tor.) Last year during the concert
season there could be no concerts in
the evening at Kenilworth Park on ac
count of there not being the necessary
lights In the park. After years of
waiting a system of lights has been
installed. We have a concert in the
evening at last. The city pays for both
the concert and the lights, but right in
the middle of one of the selections at
9:30 the lights are turned off. not giv
ing the band time to finish their selec
tion, not to say anything about the
three selections that were still due. The
band becomes helpless, renders a few
short selections by ear and retires for
the night.
There surely is a great error here.
Was the parkkeeper not instructed,
or did he not have enough sense not
to put out the lights until the concert
was over, or was it that he wanted to
get home early? The band men were
forced to. collect their instruments in
tho dark and the people made to wan
der out of the park in the dark. What
is the logic in having lights in a park,
when they go out at the minute of
9 P. M.. no matter what is going on?
We might as well have no lights at all.
If the city pays for an eight-piece
concert, surely the parkkeeper should
have sense enough to let thern finish
before putting out the lights. mow
about it?
TAXPAYER
I.areest Balldlnor at Chicago Fair.
HOOD RIVER. Or.. June 27. (To the
Editor.) A claims there was one
building covered 40 acres of ground
space at the Chicago World's Fair, all
under one roof. B claims that A had
a "pipe dream." as there was no build
ing that had 40 acres under one roof
all on ground floor.
CONSTANT READER.
The Manufactures and Liberal Arts
building was the largest structure at
the World's Columbian Exposition. It
covered thirty and one-half acres.
Pull ThemJYour Way
Mr. Retailer, when the National
manufacturer advertises his prod
uct in the newspaper he is pushing
business your way.
Add your pull to the newspaper
advertising push.
Put the advertised goods in your
window where they cars say "wel
come." Have your sales force keyed up
to the situation.
Make up your mind you are going
to get your full share of the busi
ness. Both you and the manufacturer
will benefit by this co-operation.