T1TE MOBXIXG OREGOXIAX. WEDNESDAY, MAY 26, 1915.
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FOBTUM1 WEDNESDAY, MAY 26, 1015.
DEMOCRACY A BOON TO CANADA.
British Columbia lumbermen are
preparing: to enter the Atlantic Coast
market of the United States on, a large
scale. One firm will cut between 100,
000,000 and 200,000,000 feet a. year on
Vajicouver Island for shipment to New
York. United States Consul Newcomb,
of Victoria, saya "the shingle lndustrj
is very brisk'' , and some lumbermen
are moving to secure tonnage for ex
port of lumber to France and Bel
gium, where a great demand is ex
pected when the war Is over. A large
mill which has been closed for nearly
a year has resumed operations, though
"excessive transportation rates . effec
tually prevent any export business."
Canada is thus preparing to occupy
the Eastern market, which naturally
belongs to the United States. When
peace is restored. Canada will have
the benefit of abundant British ves
sels at rates lowe" than American
ship-owners can make. American
lumbermen will be precluded by our
laws from using this cheap tonnage
to carry lumber through the Panama
Canal to the Atlantic Coast; they will
be limited to the higher-priced Amer
ican ships. This disadvantage in com
petition will be offset neither by a pro
tective tariff, the Democratic party
having put lumber on the free list,
nor by exemption from canal tolls, the
Democratic party, aided by a few Re
publicans who look at American ques
tions through foreign spectacles, hav
ing repealed the exemption clause.
If the lumber industry of the Pa
cific Coast, the greatest industry in
Oregon, is to thrive, it must do so in
spite of the action of the United
States Government.
UVa TURNED ON KITCHENER.
Under the stress of war criticism is
leveled at men of the highest reputa
tion for efficiency. Thus It happens
that before the war is ten months old,
Lord Kitchener, whose appointment as
War Secretary was unanimously ac
claimed by the British nation, is ac
cused of grievous error. On the au
thority of Colonel Repington, war cor
respondent of the London Times, he is
held responsible for a shortage of ex
plosive shells at the front and conse
quently the failure of the British ad
vance at Neuve Chapelle to reach its
real objective, Lille. The British gov
ernment admits that Colonel Replng-
ton's dispatch was written from Gen
eral French's headquarters and was
read by the headquarters staff before
publication. Hence the criticism had
the implied sanction of the command
ers in the field, who are thus put in
the position of charging Kitchener
with failure to 'provide them with the
means of gaining victory.
Involved with this charge is the be
lief that Kitchener is trying to "do it
all," though the direction of organ
izing, equipping and supplying such an
army as hla country is now putting In
the field must obviously be beyond
the powers of any one man. The Brit
ish nation is awakening to the fact
that in order to achieve success it
must as a whole be organized for war,
as Germany is organized. Hence arises
the proposal to entrust the production
of munitions to. another Minister, who
will undertake to supply Kitchener
with the material for which he makes
requisition. In order that the needed
supplies may be provided, it is neces
sary that every man -work full time
and overtime, but the workmen are
now earning much more than in nor
mal times, and many of them loaf
rather than earn more money than
usual. They strike for higher wages
and war bonuses because cost of living
has risen, as in the coal mines and on
the London carlines, and then devote
more time to loafing, drinking and
betting. This is true only of a frac
tion of the number, but in modern in
dustry the absence of one man may
cause the idleness of ten men or a re
duction of their output.
The consideration of remedies leads
directly to .conscription. Abundant
iwork at high wages has caused re
cruiting to fall off. If conscription
were adopted, every man of military
ege would be taken into the army. The
government could then employ whole
regiments In producing munitions un
der military orders, and shirking or
drinking would bring military penal
ties. This plan has worked success
fully In the organization of the dock
ers' battalions at London and Liver
pool. Men not qualified for service in
the field could be organized under
military Haw for service in the fac
tories, special age limits being pro
vided for that purpose.
-The criticism of Kitchener which
has been mentioned may be presumed
to have been inspired by purely patri
otic motives, but less laudable motives
for attacking him exist. The advocates
of compulsory military training have
been gaining strength, and they con
tend that the war has proved the
necessity of their policy. Against them
stand several Liberal leaders and the
hereditary repugnance of the British
people to compulsory service. Kitch
ener is also opposed by the aristocracy.
which has always bitterly resented his
ruthless sending to the rear of inef
flclent offtcers, without regard to
their social rank and pull. These
critics desire to continue army official
dom as a social caste to which only
the young men of the "upper classes'
may enter. In consequence of the
great fatality among officers and of
the sudden increase in the size of the
army, hosts of men are being raised
from the ranks to commissions. The
aristocratic military caste views with
alarm the possibility that every private
may carry a Marshal's baton in his
knapsack and that the army may be-
come democratized. Tn case of a crisis
like that which arose in Ulster last
ear. such a revolution in the army
might have disastrous political effects
to the Tories.' Although a Tory him
"slf. Kitchener " is held responsible,
through his insistence on efficiency.
for the spread of democracy in.. . the
army. The bombardment which the
Times, Post and other Tory papers
have opened on him may be partly
explained in this way.
DISCREPANCIES.
All that' the city Is voting on June 7 la
shall Commissioner Eraly be authorized to
expend $3l,S50 out of water revenues for
purchase and installation of 50UO meters.
Portland Journal.
If ffcOoo meters are good and certainly tf
they are not good no one ought to be ad
vised to vote for them 25,01)0 meters would
be just five times as good; and with 50,000
meters the benefit of the 50O0 would be
extended tenfold. Evening Telegram.
Unquestionably. we could reduce the
rate for water 33 1-3 per cent, or from 12
cents to 8 centa a thousand gallons. If waste
were eliminated, and by . installing meters
e could collect for the water we serve.
We could do that now. with a change of
service plan.
But If we delay the installation of meters
as long as three years, we could not. . .
The entire city can be metered for $430,000,
Interview with Commissioner Daly.
Installing how many meters? The
Daly plan is for universal meter ex
tension; the present proposal is but a
step in that direction. Commissioner
Daly does not pretend otherwise. The
Evening Telegram honestly faces the
issue. Only the Portland Journal
seeks to hide the truth, by a literal
statement that amounts to falsehood.
Its purpose is to deceive.
The actual question to be decided
is, "Shall the city be water-metered,
or not?" Commissioner Daly says it
will cost $450,000. . The Oregonian
thinks it will be $600,000. The Com
missioner hopes to have the Job done
within three years. . The ' Oregonian
thinks it ought not to be done at all.
Meanwhile, there ought to be better
team-work between the Commissioner
and his two newspaper friends. They
are making one another look foolish.
NO CHANCE FOR DISCORD.
The Oregonian Is Interested to note
that among the topics for discussion
at the coming Commonwealth confer
ence, under the auspices of the State
University, is "Co-operation Between
State and Nation, and Among Neigh
boring States for Attainment of Fuller
and Freer Use of Idle Resources."
. The University, it Is obvious, is alive
to the fact that the paralyzing and
stagnating hand of the United States
Government has been laid upon the
idle resources of the states within the
forest reserves, and that the honest
and industrious settler upon the public1
domain, striving to create a home and
earn a livelihood, has been treated as
an Interloper and an outlaw. For
years the idle resources have been
kept in their native uselessness be
cause the United States, through its
infatuation for a blighting Pinchotism,
has kept them idle.
Within recent months the great
harm wrought by the Government's
hurtful policy of reservation has be
come obvious, and the public, hereto
fore misled by the pleasing theories of
the Pinchotites, has shown a disposi
tion to inquire more closely into facts.
In view of the changed situation and
the growing influence of the real con
servationists, it is a little surprising
to find that the 'programme of the
Eugene meeting is to be monopolized
by the following apostles of Pinchot
ism and semi-Pinchotism:
Hon. J. N. Teal, chairman Oregon Con
servation Commission.
Ex-Governor Oswald West.
Hon. B. F Irvine, member of Oregon Con
servation Commission.
E. C. Finney, member Board of Appeals
(whatever thai is), representative of Frank
lin K. Lane, Secretary of the Interior.
Hon. Harry Lane, United States Senator.
Louts Sharp, chief of field division. De
partment of the Interior.
Members of the Federal Service present
are to make statements relative to co-operation.
A conference on idle resources, or
any other subject among gentlemen
who all think alike will be a most
harmonious affair.
DECATCR AND THE. PIRATES.
Commodore Stephen Decatur sailed
on his famous expedition against the
Barbary pirates era May 2 0, 1815. One
hundred years have passed since that
day but the spirit which animated the
great naval hero has not died out of
the American people. The Barbarj
pirates had limited a "war zone" in
the Mediterranean Sea and warned all
nations that vessels sailing those for
bidden waters must either pay tribute
or go to the bottom. Non-combatants
were not spared. Of the unarmed pas
sengers some were drowned, some
were sold into slavery-
This sort of thing had gone on for
many years and the European powers
had submitted to It. Readers of Don
Quixote will recall the part which
slavery among -the Barbary pirates
played in the life of that day. It was
left to Commodore Decatur acting for
the youngest of the nations, the United
States, to deal with the old evil in a
masterful way and put an end to it.
Decatur reached Gibraltar June 15.
Within the next few days he over
hauled two piratical vessels of the
Barbary powers and so handled them
that their government was glad to
conclude peace with the United States
on terms which destroyed "the system
of blackmail, piracy and murder" that
had so long existed unchecked on the
Mediterranean. When he took the bull
by the horns as he did Commodore
Decatur expressed the genius of the'
United States. It has not been the
policy of this country to shirk dangers
or to sit down patiently under insult.
The example of the rest of the world
which permitted, the Barbary pirates
to ravage commerce unpunished did
not deter our Government from act
ing decisively. And it turned out, as
might have been expected, that such
decisive action was of permanent bene,
fit to this country and all the rest ot
the civilized world.
Much as Americans love peace there
are times when it is impossible with
out the sacrifice of all that makes life
worth living.- War is deplorable but
It is less deplorable than .slavery
or submission to degrading, outrage.
What Decatur did for us a hundred
years ago we have commanders on
land and sea who would do again
should occasion arise.
KiS AND RICHES.
The total annual value of the
United States egg crop Is so huge that
it tempts almost every unattached ad
venturer to go into the chicken busi
ness. It seems as if in such a mon
strous mass of money there ought to
be a share for anybody who stretches
out his hand to seize it. "Last year the
egg crop sold for $700,000,000. No
doubt the proceeds brought comfort
to many a household but it can not be
said that all who try to make fortunes
in the poultry business reach the goal
of their ambition.
Eggs are almost always dear in
these latter times but those who send
them to market do not seem1 to get
the profits. Not always at any rate.
In spite! Of "'its alluring promises
chicken husbandry does not invari
ably lead to wealth. - It is more likely
to lead in the opposite direction. The
truth of the matter is that the mam
moth total returns from poultry are
composed of numberless rills, each
excessively small. There are only a
very few persons who make much
money out of chickens and they get
their results by making big invest
ments in the business and applying to
it an expert skill gained, by years of
experience.
For ordinary people chickens do
not pay in large flocks. It is only the
small, incidental flock that brings
money in forthe farmer. Those ardent
enthusiasts who "go into chickens"
expecting to grow rapidly rich from
the profits of eggs and broilers are
usually disappointed. The matter
figures put wonderfully well on paper
but there Is almost always some fatal
obstacle in practice.
For the weary pilgrims who desire
to "return to the land" and make
their living from it there is a more
stable hope in pigs than in chickens.
A few cows and hogs Judiciously man
aged on a twenty-acre farm should
support a small family in comfort,
particularly if they are reinforced
with a goodly array of fruit both large
and small. In an enterprise of" this
kind a flock of chickens would not
come, amiss, but woe to the hair
brained investor who depends upon
them entirely. He is on his way to
the poorhouse.
BOOT-STRAP IXXIC.
It now appears, in spite of popular
impression, that meters and cheap
water made Milwaukee famous, not a
beverage that comes in kegs and bot
tles. . The Interesting information that
water is not unknown In the Wisconsin
city is brought to light by an esteemed
contemporary which occupies the envi
able post of chief claquer for the Water
Department. Here are some instruc
tive items culled from that newspaper
from time to time:
Milwaukee is thoroughly metered
and the consumer pays -6 cents per
1000 gallons of water.
Portland pays 12 cents per 1000 gal
lons and uses 30,000,000 gallons daily.
.' . If Portland installs meters on all
services the rate can be-cut to Mil
waukee's rate or at least to S cents per
1000 gallons, because' waste will be
eliminated. In other words the peo
ple will use less water and, pay lower
rates. . ' - "
Before going deeper into-these sur
prising statements it may be said that
the 12 cents per 1000 gallons now paid
in Portland is the rate "paid only by
the comparatively few premises al
ready metered. They now pay an ex
orbitant' rate in comparison with that
charged, the flat-rate consumer.
The actual rate per 1000 gallons
now paid in Portlard is not a secret.
The Water Department estimates the
gross revenues for 1915 at $750,000.
Its. handy newspaper supporter esti
mates the total' consumption at 30,000,
000 gallons a day. Anybody with ordi.
nary ability as a mathematician can
calculate the average price paid per
1000 gallons. . It is a little more than
6.8 cents instead of 12 cents.
But it takes a mathematical genius
to figure out how the consumption of
water can be decreased, the rate
placed at 6 or 8 cents, and the cost of
new meters and meter reading be paid
out of the revenues of the department.
At 6 cents per 1000 gallons 30,000,
000 gallons consumed dally produce
a- yearly revenue of $657,000. The
fixed disbursements of the Water De
partment are now $712,600 a year.
Here is. represented a reduction in
rates but no saving of "waste water,"
yet the revenues fall short by $55,000
of meeting the fixed expenses of the
department and there will be nothing
with which to pay for the meters.
If the rate is fixed at 8 cents the
use of 30,000.000 gallons daily will
produce a revenue of $876,000 an
nually. Here a profit is shown ot
$164,000 but out of that an estimated
$100,000 a year for the meters and
meter reading must be paid. No sav
ing of "waste"" is accounted for and
continuance of "waste" according to
Mr. .Daly means that vast sums must
be expended for new pipe lines and
reservoirs.
But let us assume that. 5.000.000
gallons dally is cut off the daily con
sumption of water, by installation of
meters. An 8-cent rate applied to 25.
000,000 gallons daily will produce an
annual revenue of $730,000, leaving
only JIS.OOO for incidentals and pay
ment for the new meters, inspection,
etc. But an S-cent rate is an increase,
not the promised reduction.
Let us assume therefore that the
installation of meters will cut down
consumption to 25,000.000 gallons dally
and apply the present rate of a frac
tion over 6.8 cents per 1000 gallons.
The revenues will be $620,500, and the
department will face an annual deficit
of $91,500, not counting the additional
cost of the meter system.
But an elaborate mathematical cal
culation is not necessary to demon
strate that Portland cannot Use less
water at lower rates than those now
paid, and increase its expenses at the
same time and still make the ledger
balance. When the time comes that
it is possible to jump a fence by pull
ing on one's boot-straps, Mr. Daly's
scheme will work out.
A NEW MEDICINE.
A wonderful new medicine, or dope,
has been invented by a Harvard Pro
fessor. It is called adrenin and the
name unmistakably indicates that it
has some connection with '.the adrenal
glands. There are two of these minute
bodies, situated above the kidneys, to
whose charge has been committed
various important bodily functions.
Among other things' they regulate the
blood pressure by their secretion and
thus postpone or accelerate old age
according to the way they work. Their
secretion is called adrenalin, a word
to, which adrenin, the name of the new
Boston invention, is evidently of close
kinship.
This substance has the marvelous
property of counteracting weariness.
Properly dosed with adrenin a person
can- work-continuously day and night
for an indefinite period and be- as
fresh and lively when he stops as when
he began. To one who avails himself
of the magic virtues of adrenin sleep
is superfluous and Sundays unneces
sary. It will evidently be an ines
timable boon to the Steel Trust, which
with its aid can work its hands for
twenty-four hours on a stretch Instead
of eighteen.
Weariness is' caused by the accumu
lation of toxins in the system. Com
monly these substances are produced
by exertion either -muscular or mental
but it oftens happens that they result
from some abnormal condition. In
that, case they are produced all the
time. The patient generates poisons
when, he is asleep and ought to be
eliminating them. The consequence is
that he never really rests. In other
words the "toxin of weariness" Is never
absent from his system and he is per
petually haunted by a "tired feeling"
that goes far to destroy his usefulness.
In normal sleep the poisons pro
duced by the day's work are evacuated
from the body- but if a person's toil
overtaxes his strength this function is
only partially performed. ' The toxins
accumulate and he finally breaks
down with "weakness of the heart,"
paralysis or some such disorder. If
adrenin can rid mankind of the effects
of overwork and enable us to toil ever
lastingly without rest or sleep It may
be a blessing, and it may not. A
world in which everybody works in
cessantly without a moment for amuse
ment or quiet meditation is not exact
ly beautiful to contemplate. Perhaps,
after all, the Creator designed things
more wisely for us than even a Har
vard professor could have done.
-. The publishers of the Menace,
charged with misuse of the mails, are
not anxious for speedy trial and the
case on their application has been
continued until next January in the
United States Court at Kansas City.
The man who goes into court with
clean hands always wants it over and
done with; the other kind embrace
technicality to defer the day of wrath.
For many centuries northern ene
mies have been crossing the Alps into
Italy. Now the tide flows northward
through the old historic passes at
least for the moment. Will some
modern Caesar win new conquests
from the trans-Alpine tribes or are
the legions of renascent Rome destined
to retire in discomfiture, bringing
disunion and slavery in their train?
Florence Kelley, who speaks in Port
land today is the general secretary of
the National Consumers' League. Her
work for the welfare of children is
known throughout the world. She has
also done great service, in the cause of
minimum wage boards. Her voice is
always raised for humanity and jus
tice. Those who hear her address wrill
be entertained and instructed.
The New York University's Hall of
Fame is holding an election for new
inmates. The voting is done by 100
electors who speak for the whole
country. The country also speaks for
itself now and then and the two ver
dicts do not always coincide. Daniel
Boone and Martha Washington are
expected to be admitted to the sanc
tuary this year.
If the sale of farm land In Marion
County at $73 an acre in a region
where the price has ranged around
$200 means that selling values have
fallen, the reduction is not an evil.
Land at that figure can be made to
pay profits and be a live asset, while
the newcomer looks upon the higher
priced acreage- as more or less of a
liability.
Senatorial "tea" appears to have be
come a favorite beverage at some of
our fashionable resorts. The Yankee
euphemism "teaed up" has become ap
plicable to our elite circles and the
condition does not differ perceptibly
from a plebeian souse. A drunk by any
other name comes to about- the same
eld sordid soak.
Of course the settler must pay the
cost of correcting all the mistakes of
the Reclamation Bureau. Settlers
exist only to pay and to get nothing
in return except a possible chance
that some time they may acquire title
to a piece of Government lxnd. They
are coming to be regarded as rainbow
chasers.
"Not a generation has passed,"
remarks a scholarly contemporary,
since Metternich defeated Italian
hopes of unity," and so forth. Met
ternich died in 1859. Since then 56
years have passed, which is about ten
years short of two generations by the
usual reckoning.
The Salem girl of 14 years who
knows enough to pass the teachers'
examination but is too young to take
it legally, should not be disconsolate.
She is better off than those who are
old enough to take-the examination
but too ignorant to pass it. Time will
remedy her trouble but it will make
theirs worse.
France. is in the market for 20,000
more American horses and Great
Britain has a standing order for 1500
a week at St. Louis. When the war
is over there will be little demand for
fertilizing material In parts of Europe
for half a century.
. The man and . woman waiting for
smooth seas off Yaqulna that they
may go beyond the three-mile limit to
evade the Oregon law may as well seek
relief elsewhere. The seas are running
high to wear them out.
In some particulars buggy riding
and auto riding are alike. A Satsop
man was run down the other evening
by a machine driven by a young
woman, although it was in charge of
a young man.
In providing for the sick and hun
gry Belgians, Serbians and Poles, do
not let us forget the sick and hungry
at home, whom the Associated Chari
ties asks us to aid.
. Some of those Britons aje a joyous
lot, fighting for places in the Cabinet
while' the nation is fighting its battle
for existence.
The seven ages of man might be
measured by the blooming of the ce
reus every twelve years.
The French keep scoring points
against Germany, but what is General
French doing?
Becker has put up a strong fight
and lost and seems to be on the way
to the chair. .
Names of cities in the Italian war
zone have the "advantage of easy pro
nunciation. Something wrong with the Germans.
They captured only 21,000 Russians
Monday.
Lassen Peak will burn itself into a
mudhole If it does not watch out.
By the way, did Germany ever hear
of a steamship named Lusitania?
Candidates for State Warden will
please stand up to be counted.
German hatred will now be divided
between England and Italy.
The Oregon Senators purpose
stand in with the barbers.
to
European War Primer
By National Geographical Society.
The City of Gallipoll, toward which
the allied forces are fighting, guards
the neck of the Gallipoli Peninsula
where the peninsula joins the . main
land, near the elbow formed by the
Dardanelles Strait and the Sea of Mar
mora. Gallipoli is the last bar that locks
the Dardanelles and secures Marmora
Sea as a Turkish lane. It is a power
fully fortified city, its defensive works
having been begun in modern style in
1878, when the Russians threatened to
take possession of Constantinople. The
work of strengthening this port has
been carried on at irregular Intervals
since. When the Bulgarians were at
tacking the lines at Chatalja the Turks,
who felt that they might expect an
endeavor to turn their Hanks by way
of Gallipoli and Marmora Sea, worked
feverishly upon the port's redoubts.
While Gallipoli is not comparable in
strength to the greatest fortresses of
Europe, it, nevertheless, with its mod
ern batteries and extensive outworks,
forms a proper conclusion to the
mightily fortified water lane leading
down to the Aegean Sea.
This "City Beautiful" of the Greeks
(Kallipolis) was the first point in Eu
rope to be won and maintained by the
Ottoman hordes. It is today anything
but a beautiful rity. Its streets are
narrow, immethodical and dirty, while
most of its houses are overworn
wooden structures, in which decay and
untidiness mix to an unpleasing pic
ture. There are few buildings of any
architectural interest. though the
great leaden-domed bazaars appeal to
the imagination of the Westerner.
Some few relics of Eastern Empire and
Grecian times have been left to normal
decay by the Turks.
Gallipoli has two good harbors. Both
harbors have been improved, one of
them serving as the principal roadstead
of the Turkish fleet. Gallipoli is 132
miles west-southwest of Constantino
ple, the city which its guns are meant
to guard, and it is 0 miles south of
Adrianople. the powerful fortress to
ward the Bulgarian frontier. The Dar
danelles at Gallipoll are about two
miles wide, their expanse being com
pletely dominated by the guns of the
port.
Until Turkish occupation and the
putting Into effect of the suspicious, in
tolerant and short-sighted policies of
exclusion and exclusiveness of the
Orient, Gallipoll seemed destined, as a
well-placed port upon one of nature's
natural avenues of water trade, to be
come one of the greatest of all the
comerclal cities of the Near East.
Through the centuries of Turkish rule
it has slept an almost dreamless sleep.
Today, with a population of 25,000,
with few ambitions and little under
standing of its advantages, it has,
however, given, under the Young Turk
regime, some evidence of. reawakening,
A gram.
It is to the vigorous Slavonic move
ment centered in Agram, where many
believe that the heart and mind of the
Serbo-Croat nationalist propaganda
has its home, that one may look to find
as many causes for the present world
war as might be discoverable In Bel
grade, Vienna or Petrograd. Revolu
tionary Agram, intellectual Agram,
fervently national Agram, the capital
city and rallying point for all of the
dual monarchy's Adriatic Slavs. has
caused the statesmen in Vienna and
Budapest more worried thought than
even a Bt grade flushed with victories
over Ottoman and Bulgar.
Agram. the seat of the Ban, or Vice
roy of Croatia-Slavonla. is one of the
main schools of the revival of the
South Slavs. It Is a far more beauti
ful, more up-to-date and more keenly
intellectual city than Belgrade. Agram
has been recognized as the center of
the Serbo-Croat movement rather than
Belgrade by all of the Slavs of Croatia.
rMavonia ana Daimatia. The peonle ot
these Slavonian provinces of Austria
Hungary have felt themselves superior
in education and in outlook to the
Servians and have planned and worked
for the future of their people in Agrarn
rattier than sought it in the Servian
capital.
Situated between the north bank of
the .Save and the Agram Mountains,
141 miles east-northeast of the Hun
garian Adriatic port. Flume, and 187
miles by rail south of Vienna, Agram
Is a town that has few equals In all
Europe among cities of its size for ar
chitectural and municipal works and
for stimulating intellectual life it
a royal free town of Hungary, the meet-
ins piace or me t-rovincial Parliament,
a university town and an educational
center for all of the surrounding coun
try. Its university is called the foyer
of Serbo-Croat nationalism and the
scientific and artistic circles of Agram
are Infectious sources of Slavonic
Ideals and political aspirations.
The little capital has a population of
about 70,000. It is an important rail
way center and has a fair commerce
as a point for the distribution of man
ufactures throughout its province. The
most important articles of its trade are
grain and wine. There Is also a small
industry being developed by Austrian
capital, the principal products being
leather rjoods, linen, carpets and war
materials.
RECOHDS NOT OP "CRIMINALS"
Jndse Oatensi Commended for Destroy
ing Juvenile Court Papers.
PORTLAND, May 25. (To the Ed
itor.) Permit me to answer the letter
signed "An Oregonian." published May
23. criticising Judsre Gatens and two
assistants for destroying the juvenile
records.
First of all. 2500 "cfiminal" records
were not destroyed. These children
are not criminals. If, as the corre
spondent says, "the recqrd often shows
the child was guilty of nothing but be
ing an orphan, etc," of what use would
It be to the judge's successor? As to
the records being a protection to the
Judge, the public and the unfortunates
themselves. I have the permission of
JudKe Gatens to use the following let
ter from a mother who had two daugh
ters before him during his adminis
tration: Dear Mr. Gatens: I have received the tn
forma;lon that you will destroy the Juvenile
Court record which was made when I was
up there, and I cannot thank you enough
for this. Is still in Hla-h School and
is married and has two children and
they are so happy. It was awful to think
that sometime the things I learned for the
first time In your office mlRhi become
known to others. I have worried so much
about this, and It Is such a relief to know
It is all over that T pray that all the bless
ings of heaven will follow vmi forever and
ever. t Signed):
I will not detail what the "crime"
was that these girls were charged
with any rerson who reads that let
ter will know. But I will ask even
if all the rest 2499 were "children
of parents who through Ignorance,
neglect or badness failed in the proper
npbrlnglng of their children." would
it not be better to have all the records
destroyed than to leave .that sinjjfe
case of record? And how may the
records be kept from the public If a
large force of officers is changed with
every chance of administration?
ONE OF THE ASSISTANTS.
Joys ot Town Gardening.
Exchange.
A town gardener is usually willing to
quit after his occupation ceases to be
sport and becomes work.
Kdjse ot Aristocracy.
Atchison Globe.
A woman believes she is edging! un
towards aristocracy when she begins
to call the hired girl a servant.
In Gettlnar Caught.
Exchange.
While a narrow escape may sometime
reform a man, getting caught Is the
strongest influence in that direction.
FISHERMEN NOT ONES TO BLAME
Secretary of I sion Discusses Ground
ing of Ships Inside Bar.
ASTORIA. Or., May 24. (To the Ed
itor.) To the article "Ships' Ground
ing Topic of Inquiry" will say: The
proof of the pudding is the eating
thereof, as he saying goes.
That the two steamers' in question
got stuck must be admitted and the
question is who are to shoulder the
blame for said grounding? Captain
Gundersen blames the giilnet fisher
men and I claim that the pilots in
charge are the guilty parties.
Let us look this over carefuly. The
master of the Santa Cecilia sa'id the"
grounding took place about 3 o'clock
P. M., that he saw tour fish boats, that
there was one net in the water, which
his vessel went around the end of and
got stuck nd that he did not blame
the fishermen. May I ask whom could
he blame, then?
At 3 o'clock P. M.. with clear water
as it was then, anyone having any
knowledge of giilnet fishing knows
that there would be practicallv no fish
ing going on. Why, even if the chan
nel had been full of nets, there would
be absolutely no excuse for that
grounding, because each vessel had her
anchors to fall back on as the last re
sort. This grounding did not take place
on the bar, but some miles inside of
It. ' I make this statement because
persons not knowing this fact may,
when reading the article referred to
above, form the opinion that it hap
pened on the bar.
Put the question to any of the dele
gation who took the trip on the Man
zanlta down the river ,over the bar
and around the lightship on May 8,
1916. How many gillnets did they
see fishing while on that trip? The an
swer will be not one; and that because
the water was too clear for fishing,
same as It was when the steamers got
stuck. That trip lasted from 9 A. M.
to 1 P. M.
In conclusion will say that sorrfe
thlng ought to be done to safeguard
both navigation and the fisheries. They
are both very essential to the ataMj,
therefore the two parties should come
together and agree on somo rules and
regulations equitable to both parties.
. H. M. LORNTSEN,
Secretary C. R. F. P. Union.
ONI.V INVASION WARRANTS WAII
President Inexcusable If He Does Not
Exert It moat to Prevent It.
LEBANON. Or.. May 24. (To the Ed
itor.) If it is possible I should like to
have space in your paper to air my
views on the war question:
Ez for war. I call It murder,
There you hev It plain and flat;
I don't want to go no furder
Than my Testyment for that.'
We as a Christian Nation should not
go to war even for the sake of our Na
tional pride or to avenge the loss f
American lives on board the Lusitania,
Throughout the ages our Christianity
has been purchased with the blood of
martyrs and if it is to eventually unite
all nations and establish the universal
brotherhood of man, we must not undo
the work already accomplished and
sacrifice the lives of our sons and
brothers.
The indescribable horrors awaiting
the women and children who are left
at the mercy of the enemy are excuse
enough for our not going to war. In
training my boys I did not teach them
to shed blood, but to be merciful and
kind and to be the friend to man the
world over. I want no nation to call
them to the battlefield. He who takes
up the sword ehal sIho die by the
sword. Many who are crying for war
are not expecting to do any of the
fighting themselves and could not
qualify as soldiers if the life of the
Nation depended upon it.
f As for our President, I think that
ne would be Inexcusable If he did not
exert his utmost powers to prevent war
with any nation. The younKer gen
eration of Americans have learned that
which their forefathers did not know:
that war never pays and that nothing
short of actual invasion can justify the
horrors of war. If the United States
is insulted and injured, let the Nation
meet the Issue as Christians and not
as bloodthirsty savages.
MRS. JENNIE THOM.
A STRING AI.MAM K
'Tis Spring time
How our dear old valley gleams
Beneath Its dome of azure blue!
How the hidden brooks and streams
In. laughing- freedom, leap to view.
Or tumble down through checkered
beams
Of sunshine, flecked with every hue.
'Tis June time
Hear the sudden bursts of souk
From yonder field of beaten gold:
Where butter-cups and daisies throng
And poppies to the breeze unfold
Their yellow banners all day long.
'Tis rose time
Every hedge and lawn is sweet
With perfume from the lovely bowers
Of roses. Every boulevard and street
Has grown into a lane of flowers
Too heavently for human feet.
Spring time, June time, rose time;
Three fairy times in one.
Joined for you, dear friend of mine.
At Portland Oregon.
Gene Ryley.
Salem, Or.
I.lfe of Congressman.
Exchange.
A Congressman's life would be bliss
ful if more constituents wanted earden
seeds and fewer were seeking Jobs.
Measures on Ballot
ESTABLISHMENT of a system where
by the city can install fire stops on
the waterfront at the cost of the
property benefited, is the proposal
made In a charter amendment which
will be on the ballot June 7. under the
number "118 yes. 119 no."
It Is proposed, to give the Council
power to start proceedings similar to
those followed for sewer construction,
to erect such structures as may be
needed to stop fires on the waterfront
and to create assessment districts
wherein property will be assessed
benefits for the construction of the
stops on the basis of the benefits de
rived. The measure has been prepared by
the Docks Commission to provide
a means of protecting property along
the waterfront. It is declared that
under present conditions a tiro might
sweep out the entire waterfront. It is
proposed to erect barriers to the fire
which would keep a fire within a cer
tain district. The fire stops miirht be
concrete walls ' beyond which the flre
could not spread.
Following Is the text of the measure
as submitted:
Section I. The Council shall have power
and authority to acquire by agreement or Dy
condemnation such property, easements or
rights as may be needed for the construc
tion of fire stops: to perform the work of
erecting; fire stops either by the direct em
ployment of labor or by awarding; contracts
therefor and to. provide for the payment of
the costs thereof by the levv and collection
of local assessments for benefits. Before any
such fire stops shall be constructed an es
timate shall be made of the probable cost
and of the probable esving in fire rirks and
insurance expenses. Where any such fire
stop or fire stops are to be constructed at
the expense of property benefited and to be
assessed therefor, the Council shall take pro
ceeding" similar to those required for con
structing sewers and the method of making
assessments and collecting the same shall
be the same as Is or may be provided in
the local improvement code, relative to sew
ers. Tho cost of acquiring the necessary
property, easements or rights shall be in
cluded in the coat of such fire stop or fire
stops.
The term "fire stop" shall be deemed to
Include any fireproof wall or other device
to prevent the spread of fire.
Twenty-Five Years Ago
From The Oregonian of May 2, HPn.
The open-air labor meeting on the
plaza last evening was attended by ful
ly 3000 people, and if cheers and en
thusiasm is any indication of the suc
cess of the eight-hour movement the
union laboring men will win the fight.
The appearance on the staj;e of George
H. Williams was greeted by a storm
of applause.
The first speaker at the republican
rally last night was the E. W. Ncvius.
who was introduced by Mayor J. T.
Stewart. P. L. Willis vpoke on the' lo
cal questions of Consolidation. Pull
Run water and a free bridge. The
meeting closed with a rousing sddres.i
from John F. Caples.
When Senator Allen's amendment to
the naval appropriation bill came up
for consideration it precipitated a hot
fight between the Washington and Ore
gon senators. The amendment pro
vides that the commission shall select
a place for the dry dock on the wnter
of the Pacific Ocean north of the Cal
ifornia line. Including the Columbia
River and Fuget Sound.
Senator Mitchell In relating hi earlv
legal experiences in Oresron tells how
he first appeared in Portland with only
$5 In his pocket and registered at tho
best hotel as thoueh he were a million
aire, engiisring rooms that cost him
ISO a week. He rented a desk In an
office and spent the 15 for a vol umo
I of the statutes of Oreeon. He was
trusted for board and room. He hung
out his shingle and at the end of a
year had handled over one half the
cases before the court. In a short
time his practice brought him $40,000
a year.
Half a Century Ago
from The Oregonian of May '!, lfcf,:..
Messrs. Higgins and Stone. just ar
rived from the Hitter Rout Valley, re
port that considerable excitement ex
isted there at the time, of their depar
ture in regard to tho discovery of gold
mines on the head of Deer Lodge Creek,
and In the vicinity of Fort Owen. The
diggings in both localities are said to
be rich.
A. Frank and Company, nf this city,
have shipped below of this springs
clip, 15,000 pounds of wool. Mr. Frank
informs us that the firms are ronfttnnt
ly shipping wool below, and that- there
is a considerable quantity et In the
county for shipment.
The men enlisted for t lie cavalry in
Southern Oregon will be bioueht from
Cump Baker to this place, uiul he -on-solidated
with those now stationed
here. A number sufficient to form a
new company will then be mustered in
and sent east of the mountains along
the route of the Central Military Road
to prevent Indian depredations. .
We lately had a call from Dr. R.
Browne, a member of the Geographical
Society of Kdinburt;. The doctor has
spent about two years on this coast,
collecting Interesting specimens of all
kinds for the society above mentioned.
He returns to Edinburg the coming
Fall.
,Mr. Pugan. of Walla Walls, hns ac
cepted an invitation from the Demo
crats of that place to meet Mr. Oar
field in debate when the latter arrives
here.
A large Union meeting was held at
Waeonda, Marlon County, on the twen
tieth. Oovernor Gibbs and VV". K. Boy
akin were in attendance. At the open
ing of the meeting the Governor de
livered an address. At one o'clock
W. F. Boyakln responded to a cull from
the people In a speech of some length.
WHEN TELETHON Y WAS VOUSr.
Project for Two-Mile Mate l ine De
nounced In Legislature aa Waste.
DEE. Or., May 24. (To the Editor.)
Your recent editorial wherein you
quoted Chauncey Depew's statement
that in 1877 he had an option on one
sixth of the Bell Telephone stock for
$10,000, but refused It. as It was con
sidered a toy and of no commercial
value, brings to my mind the fact that
In 1878, a year later. William Gallo
way, a Representative in the Houso
from Yamhill County, introduced a
resolution in the Oreuon I.cpislaturo
and worked hard for its passnare fa
voring the State of Oreeon's building
a telephone line from the State Capitol
to the Penitentiary, a distance, of two
miles.
Colonel Robert A. Miller, a member
from Jackson t'ounty, urged the pas
sage of the measure, hut he and Gal
loway were called visionary and the
state refused to attempt to construct
the line, considering the sitme a "use
less waste of the people's money on
so bis; an undertaking." .
Some prominent Portland business
men denounced the. project as a graft,
they joining the. farmer element in. the
Legislature in lambasting Gallows v.
' ALBERT TOZIEK.
Annoylnsf Mr. Bryan.
From l-sllo s.
Itealgn! Postcards addressed to fec
retary of State Bryan at Washington
and containing the printed worde: ' for
tho benefit of the country, re.-ign!"
were held up by the 1'ostinaster 'f
Brooklyn under the postal rule exclud
ing matter on postcards Ihst seems to
reflect on the character of tho person
addressed. It is an Innovation to re
gard R request for a resi irn t inn as a
reflection on a man's character, thouah
It may he regarded as a criticism of
his fitness and capacity. It Is said that
the intercepted cards In Brooklyn were
Intended to signalize a general de
mand throughout the country for Mr.
Uri-n,,-. r.slo nmllnn hut thin In noth
ing new because numerous newspapers
and magazines have made the same de
mand, and have gone through the mails
without delay. Altogether the Incident
is so trifling that It Is not worth
noticing, and this, no doubt, will be Mr.
Bryan's judgment.
Baseball Player's Head.
Atchison Globe..
Bone is a durable substance and a
baseball player's head frequently out
lasts his arm.
All In Smoke.
Exchange.
The most futile search is that for a
5-cent cigar as good as the dime va
riety. Influence With One's 'Wife.
Atchison Globe.
There are times when a man wishes
he had as much lrfluenco with his wife
as an aarent seems to have.
Figures That Tell the
Story
In 1514 sixteen Chicago stores
spent $2,944,250.13 In newspaper ad
vertising. Their combined gross business ex
ceeded $150,000,000.
On this basis the productiveness
ot newspaper advertising is appar
ent. Its cost of 2 per rnt is nffyef. by
the very ureal reduction of the per
cent for rent, due to increased busi
ness. -
The year these figures were, re
corded was not supposed to be a
good business year.
Newspaper advertising rlsrhtlv
done is the surest promoter of good
times we have anywhere.
S