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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (May 20, 1915)
THE MORNING OREGOXrAN. TITLTRSDAT. MAT 20, 1915. HONOR FIRST, THEN PEACE, ADVOCATED Princeton President Urges Preparedness "Against," but Not "For" Hostilities. SPEECH STIRS CONFERENCE American Situation Is Intimated (o Be Not Impossible of Catas trophe .lolui Barrett Outlines Pan-America's Fart. MOHON'K UKK, N. Y.. May 19. Dr. John drier Hibhen, president of Prince ton University, stirred the Lake" Mo honk PoacR Conference on Interna tional Arbitration today by taktnfc is sue with pacificists who favor disarm ament and by advocating "a wise pre paredness of our military forces in the United States." "I do not advocate preparedness for war." he said, "but a preparedness nsainst war h preparedness which in the event of the catastrophe of war itself will prevent the enormous initial sacrifice of human lives which has characterized every war in which the United States has been encaged. "No one can be so blind rc carding the significance of present conditions as to take the position that a crave National emergency is not at least a possibility." Honor I'ut .bovf Peace. Without naming any of the belliger ents Dr. Hibben asserted that the fal lacy tending to obstruct the progress of pence whs that "this present terrible war has developed certain practices and usaces which will revolutionize the accepted restrictions of internation al law so that hereafter all immemo rial obligations of nation to nation in a. state of war will be swept away. "In the high tension of international hate -and international suspicion the most insignificant accident may chance to precipitate for us a National catas trophe. And in the great emergency, if it should come, what shall we say? Peace? Peace at any price? Ky all means let us pay any price which ean buy peacerestraint of passion, long sufferance, sacrifice of material wealth or of every personal convenience and comfort. I-et us sacrifice it all, every thing which can buy peace. Hut let us not forget that there are some things which cannot buy peace. If we sacri fice them in order to secure peace, the peace thus sought becomes for us the veriest torment of a living hell. We dare not trade honor for peace." IVever Kqualcd. Never in the 21 years of its existence had the Lake Mohonk Conference heard such a call to arms. The Prince ton president's appeal aroused intense interest and discussion among more than 200 delegates here from all parts of the country. , The conference was opened by Daniel -Smiley, who, as usual, was host to ail the members of the conference and their wives. The president's address was delivered by John Basset t Moore, professor of international law and di plomacy at Columbia University and ex. -counselor of the State Department. Other speakers at the. opening ses sion were Theodore Marburg, of Balti more, ex-Minister to Belgium, and John Barrett, director-general of the Pan-American Union, "The war has done more than" any other political influence, since the dec laration of the Monroe Doctrine in 1823, to promote Pan-American solidarity and emphasize the importance of the common interests of the Western lie public." said Mr. Barrett. I'nn-American May Aid 1'race. "In this growth of Pan-A niericanisn mere looms nign tne possibilities of a united America, using its influence for peace in L-urope. The nations of the oh! world cannot fail to he impresses with the fact that all of the republics or tne new world are at peace with one another and are doing evcryhing in ineir power to preserve that condition. " "cn one group oe men is engaged in a bitter quarrel in contrast to another group which is characterized by most peaceful and friendly relations. It is almost inevitable that the former shall appeal to the latter for the settlement of a serious dispute. Tt is. therefore, altogether possible and feasible that not alone the United States, but the i mted f-tates having the co-operation of the other -'0 American republics, or a group of them, shall be able yet to reeuond favorably to an appeal that rnisrht he made from the old world to ai'Kitrato or settle its differences. 'uch a situation is far from beins ho remote as many persons might think hecauso t.urope of late years has been recognizing, as never before, the im portanco f the Latin-American gov crnnients in international affairs, and might feel a surer confidence of abso lute impartiality of treatment if the great statesmen of the leading Latin -nicrican governments were to join wiin inose or the I nlted States fiov eminent in responding to an Kuropean or old-world appeal for adjustment ot its difficulties, or in placing themselves In a receptive mood to hold the 'olive branch.' ' The individual defendants named in the indictments, which charge that obscene matter was sent through the mall, are Wilbur F Phelps, Bruce M. Phelps. Theodore C. Walker and Mar vin Brown. Attorneys for the defense today asked delay In the trial, set for tho June term of court in Joplin, Mo., on the grounds that it was necessary for them to go to Rome to obtain deposi tions of the Pope, his secretary and the keeper of tne Vatican records. By them, the attorneys asserted, they would attempt to prove "that Roman Catholic priests were required to take an oath traitorous to the United States Government and requiring them to teach against the doctrine of American liberty." In his ruling Judge Van Valken burgh held that "the Roman Catholic Church is not on trial in this case" and that "the question is whether the defendants have violated the penal code. "Were they able to secure testimony on the points they have raised," he said, "it would not be admissible as evidence." BARNES PLOT CHARGED ATTORNEY SEES PURPOSE TO DESTROY INFLUENCE. Jurors I need to Have No Part in Pli to Break Down Defendant Ver dict Today la Possible. ' SYRACUSE. X. y.. May 19. John M. Bowers, ' chief counsel for Theodore Roosevelt in the trial, of William Barnes suit for libel, spent three hours today in summing up the case of the defense. Near his conclusion he as serted lhat the action brought by the ex-chairman of the Republican state committee was "a proposed act of the machine to destroy Colonel Roosevelt's usefulness." William M. Ivins, chief counsel for Mr. Barnes, who will argue tomorrow, said he might conclude within an hour. Supreme Justice Andrews, presiding, will then deliver his charge to the Jury. That completed, the jury will retire and begin deliberations. A verdict may be returned late tomorrow. In his address, Mr. Bowers urged that the jury consider "the evasions, and, in a sense, the denials" of Mr. Barnes. lie urged a comparison be tween the two principals. Mr. Bowers questioned the truth of many of the sta.terma.its made by Mr. Barnes and presented arguments designed to con vince the jury that" his client was justi fied in saying the things he did about Mr. Barnes. In concluding hie address Mr. Bow ers described Colonel Roosevelt as closely following President Wilson as "guide of the Nation." Then he referred to his client and his ease in this manner: "Ex-President, ex-Governor, the peo ple's true representative. Jurors, wii; you let him be broken down and de stroyed? tand for him; stand for the people. Give no vote to accomplish the purpose sought by this action. Meet the responsibility that rests upon you with a clear conscience, and Theodore Roosevelt will rmain a power for good." COMPLETE DEFEAT OF VILLA FIRST AIM General Carranza Announces Part of Constitutionalists' Military Programme. FEAR FOR SELF DENIED PARCEL POST IS SCORED COUNTRY MERCHANTS WILL BE RUINED, SAY WHOLESALERS. Mexico City Not Held Because Large Garrison Would lie Required and It Is Also Declared Val ueless as War Base. GALVESTON", Tex., May 19. A reli able statement of some of General Car ranza's military plans, coming from Carranza himself, was given out here today by an American who has just returned from Vera Cruz. Reports are frequent in Vera Cruz that Carranza intends soon to remove his capital to Puebla, then to retake Mexico City and there permanently establish the con stitutional government. General Carranza frankly says he haa no immediate intention of returning to Mexico City, notwithstanding the moral effect the return might have among other nations. Carranza's reasons for this, he says, are: That the people of Mexico City are antagonistic to him; that the city would require a large garrison, which necessarily Vvould take thousands of his soldiers from active field work; that Mexico City has no military ad vantage; that at Vera Cruz supplies are available from foreign countries and communication with the outside cannot be interrupted. This q-uestion recently was put to Carranza: The conclusion is drawn in some quarters in the United States that your being in vera Cruz is an admission that you are not strong enough to hold the capital: that you sought a port as a means of personal safety in case, of defeat, is that true?' "I am not conducting my campaign according to the views of foreigners," replied Ueneral Carranza. "The hold- ng of Mexico City is an empty honor. It has no value from a military stand point. We could take It with little ef fort if we wanted it. This is shown by the fact that our army under Gen eral Obregon is fighting northward of he capital after havlnc cone around It When General Villa is crushed in the north Mexico City will fall into our hands without our fighting for it." General Carranza rarely appears in public. Fortified in a lighthouse 3(1(1 fet from the bay and within sight of the American cruiser and gunboat usu ally lying off the harbor, the first con stitutional chief remains secluded with cabinet members. Increase of Pontage Rates and Limit of 40 Pouada on Packages Are Sni iceated m . Remedies. SAX FRANCISCO, May 19. The par cel post was condemned today as the threatening destroyer of rural com munities and the small business men by officers of the National Wholesale Grocers' Association, at the opening session of the ninth annual conven tion. Increased postal rates and lim ited weight were offered as remedies. President Oscar B. McGlasson. of Chicago, and F"ifth Vice-President O. J. Moore, of Sioux City, la., discussed the subject. "It is the dream of the Government to bring the prpducer and the consumer together," Mr. McGlasson said of the parcel post. "It will be the ruination of the country merchant. All small commercial interests are threatened by its perniciousness. It is an enor mous octopus slowly but surely drain ing the life of the little business man. It is' threatening the small towns by centralization of business in big cities. As remedies for some of the evils charged to the parcel post, Mr. Moore suggested an Increase of 20 per cent in postal rates and a 40-pound limit on parcel post packages. He said "graft tainted the postal service for years in second-class, and now it is creeping into the parcel post. The present regulations of the parcel post are a great menace which will sound the doom of the rural communities If not curbed immediately. In five years it will have destroyed individual businesses. CHINA CAPABLE OF POWER Senator Stone Tells Pekin Coiiimis-i-ion or Nation's Strength. ST. LOUIS. May 19. "Why should China stand in need or help?" declared United States Senator Stone here to night in an address to a banquet in honor of a party of Chinese trade com missioners, who are touring the coun try. "China needs only to become fully conscious of her stupendous strength and power to enable her to shake off every grip of unjust restraint, to di vest herself of every encumbering en tanglement and to assert and uphold her independence with her own hands," he continued. Before referring to China's latent strength, Senator Stone said: "The American people would aid and encourage the people of China In every way possible to build their new gov ernment on a sound foundation." He continued: "Aside from its purely business aspect. T can see a means through commerce whereby Republican Amer ica might add impetus and strength to those who struggle for freedom and popular government in China." EDITORS FACE EARLY TRIAL Court. Kcfiiscs to Continue Case for Orpositiou l'roni Pope. KANSAS CITY. May IP. A motion to continue the trial of the Govern ment's ease against the publishers of tho Menace, an anti-Catholic weekly newspaper published In Aurora. Mo, was overruled by Judge Van Valken burgh in tho Federal Court here today. MORGAN HAS NO MONOPOLY Financial Contract With Great Brit ain Is Xot Exclusive One. LONDON. May 19. It was revealed in the .House of Commons todav bv Harold Baker, financial secretary of the War Office, that the existing con tract between the British government andthe firm of J. P. Morgan & Co.. of New York, docs not debar the giving or pusineas to otner ilrms in the Unit ed States should circumstances make such a course advisable. Mr. Baker made this announcement in answer to a question asked by Sir Richard A. Cooper, Unionist, who wanted to know if firms in America which declined to negotiate with or through the Morgans were still able to supply Great Britain with munitions of - war. BRITISH PERMIT EXTENDED Americans May Tteccivc German Goods via Neutrals Until June 15 WASHINGTON, May 19. The British government today gave notice to the State Department that it had extended to June 15 tho time within which Gor man goods may be shipped to America from neutral ports, provided tliey were bought before March 1 last. The for mer limit was June 1. Soon after the issue of the- order-in-council the British government under took to allow tho export of German and Austrian goods which had been bought by Americans through ncutra ports on the issue of a special permit in each case. Hodmen Offer (CO, 000 for War. MAT TOON. Til.. May 19. Indorsemen of President Wilson's note to Germany and an offer of 20.000 men for the United States Army in the event of war with Germany were voted today by the great council of the Illinois Im proved Order of Redmen. The council and delegates manifested enthusiasm. hla VALOR EXCEEDS ALL WARS iContinued From First Page. Join the Ukulele Club Afternoon and Evening Classes We have secured the services of Prof. Chas. A. Padeken and Miss Eunice Aweau to instruct our Ukulele Clubs. We WiU Give Free Instructions on this wonderful Hawaiian mu sical instrument. , Prof. Padeken and Miss Aweau will demonstrate the Ukulele and dance' the Hawaiian dances at our store every day for two weeks be tween 11 A. M. and 5 P. M. Big Sale of Ukuleles Now On. Graves Music Co. 151 Fourth Street. Buy a Ukulele for your vacation trip. Men may be as big cowards as wom en, but tb.oy .ha.te to admit it- ever even approached battle in these little wars. Otherwise. France has been peaceful and committed to the cult of peace. Her prejudiced enemy to the rvorth, who caricatures the French soldier with lace edgings on his uni form, has made this a count in his in dictment of "degeneracy" the French have grown "degenerate through peace. Desperate Deeds Are Common. The war broke, and the French. In fighting quality, have proved about as degenerate as Bombardier Wells or jess w niard. Americans, Irishmen and students ot military affairs remember -with a thrill the charge of Meagher's Irish Briirade at the foot of Mayre's Heights in the battle of Fredericksburg. They were inninuated; nearly ever-.- man of them was dead or wounded wnen the guns stopped, put not a man ran awarv. Xow wnai lr tne comrades of the Irish Bri gade, having seen this work, had fol lowea- witn another charge, equally desperate and equally fatal, and still anotner charge, until the last desne: --- "x. n tainca inem over tne reaouts ana among the guns? Now such a feat as this the French have per- lormea again ana again. These deeds are not recorded in journalism, as were the deeds of Meagher's men at Fred ericksburg. They lie hidden under Dnei summaries in official reports: We gained a height near this-villasre or-that yesterday" "We gained yes- teraay in tne Argonne. Brit Ink Win Xevr Laurels. Britain has virtually known peace in all this generation. The South Afri can war called out, in all, about a quar ter or a minion men. But the real fight ing was done, mainly bv the profes slonal army, which is a class a little apart rrom the currents of British na tional lite. It affected the fibre of the people but little. I take it that war, in order to "regenerate" a neonle. to harden" them, to create the "manlv virtues," must affect the whole peo ple, or a majority of them. If they are not actually fighting, they must know the reduction of standards of living or want or grief or fear of the invader, nobly resisted. By such stand ards Britain has known no war since she finished with Napoleon. let nearly every Briton on that Flemish line deserves at least "mention in dispatches" If we go by the stand ards of old wars. The Charge of the S'x Hundred, the stand of the Guards at Waterloo they arc dimmed by the deeds of the British in early stages of this war. The honors of war go now only to men who have done superhu man things, or to men whose bravery has had exceptional results as when Lieutenant Dimmer, wounded. kept to his machine gun and saved a bri gade. The old professional army has no monopoly on such deeds. Hw Recruit Save England. The naval brigade went into Ant werp in late September unseasoned men. Most of them had, up to August, sat at city desks. They held against all the improved and cruel devices ot modern warfare and against . over whelming odds until their superiors ordered the hopeless position aban doned. In the first battle of Ypres the units were filled out by men recruited in August. Few of them had ever faced bullets until the day they went to the line to face a million bullets. Not a man of them "funked" or ran if they had behaved as raw troops are supposed to behave the British might now be preparing to resist invasion. In August they were all men of peace, with three generations of peace behind them. In October they saved Kngland oy sucn a trial as isrnisn valor never knew before. We may dismiss the Germans. Since 18 1 0 they have known less of war than any other of the Continental nations. But they have kept ever in mind the thought of war. have cultivated the re ligion of valor, have encouraged the little children to play war games in the streets. This state of mind makes them quite exceptional to all rules: they will not do for an exemplar to prove the case. But, of course, they i nave been as .brave as me rest if any thing, braver. The German is cruel in war. Try as one may to make allow-1 ances and to dismiss imperfect and J prejudiced judgment, he is forced to that conclusion. i l.ernui Valor Wonderful. But he is also wonderfully valiant. Where has history a parallel for those repeated massed charges, four, six and eight ranks deep, wherein the first rank was sent up to die to the last mam? At the first battle of Ypres the Prussian Guard came on In such for mation: it was piled up eight ranks deep in the forest; hut it did not run. The British tell me that the first-rank men came or with their left elbows over their eyes. They knew they were dead men; and. knowing it, they fell back on that instinct by which a man guards his face. But they came on. nevertheless, without slackening their pace; and they all died. Finally, there are the Canadians. Since the affair which the United States calls the War of 1812 Canada has known no war. save, minor en gagements with red Indians and the war against nature. The rest has been peace and nation building and pros perity. Now, the Canadian contingent was scarcely upon the line before they behaved heroically at Hill 60. A. fort night later, and while they still ranked as "raw troops," the fortunes of war brought them a supreme test of valor. The poisonous cloud of noxious gas had driven the French to their left. Their line was "dangling in the air." They were bombarded ini front, they were enfiladed, they were bombarded from the rear, they were shrouded in poisonous fumes. They held on, they even advanced: they did the Im possible by rescuing their guns. They stuck until ordered back to join up the new line. With them, as with the others, no militany decorations can possibly re ward all . the deeds of valor. There is the boy I saw going under the X-ray. His hands were in bags; they had been shot through. His leg was in a splint; the bone was shattered. He was going to be "X-rayed," how ever, that the surgeons might find exactly what had happened to a splin tered skull. He managed to tell the attendants that he had received his "crack on the head" last of all, and that machine gun tire at close range did it. What a story underlies that statement! Shot in one hand he kept on. Shot in the other he kept on. His leg shattered he kept, -on, until be fell unconscious from the "crack on the head"! Then there were the five men in a certain Canadian company and the unrecorded rest of that company. They had charged, they had won. they Women's and Misses' Spring Suits Sacrificed This week I offer all my new models in fancy Suits, Sport Suits and Stroller Suits, regularly priced $32.50 and $29.50, at 819.85 Tweeds, navy serges, gabardines, shepherd's checks. Stunning new garments, genuinely reduced from normal prices. Third Floor BEN SELLING Morrison at Fourth iiitj! started to secure their position. Along came a surprisingly heavy counter attack. But- they held and held and held, until, when the recall sounded, only five men leaped up and ran back to the retired trenches and two of them were wounded. Was Balaklava finer than this? Yet it is lost among the mighty deeds of this war. After this war let no worshipper of bleeding gods put in his sermons of valor the statement that peace breeds degeneracy. It is not peace which does this; it is too much war. DACIA LOSS REIMBURSED I.aiv Opening Credit for Payment for Cargo Promulgated in Paris. PARIS. May 19. A law was promul gated today, according to the Temps, opening a credit for the payment of the cargo of the steamship I'acla, formerly of the Hamburg-American line, but later under American registry, which was seized by a French war ship on February 27. "The law proposes." says the Temps, "that the value of the cargo be reim bursed to the American owners, who demand 3.820.756 francs ($764,151). Whether this amount or a lesser sum will be paid will be determined by a committee of assessors, who will use the cotton market- at Rotterdam as a basis of calculation. It was to this port that the vessel was bound. The cargo will then be the property of the French government, which will be able either to dispose of it at the most advantageous price or keep It for tho needs of France." CONSCRIPT TALK RENEWED Britain Alive to Serious Situation, Says War Department Official. LONDON". May 19. Replying to a demand from several members that Money! Money! But it isn't everything- There's far more satisfaction in bounding health and the ability to be comfortable. When health has slipped away through wrong habits of diet, the only way to get it back is to change food. brape -Nuts is scientifically prepared food, and contains all the rich nutriment of wheat and barley including their invaluable mineral content necessary for sound nourishment of one's mental and physical forces. With a clear head to steer a strong body you can do things and win. Both can be built by proper food, and turned to money and comfort.- Grape-Nuts food is delicious, richly nourishing, and easily digestible undisputedly the most scientific food in the world. "There's a Reason" think it over! compulsory military service should be adopted. Harold J. Tennant, under secretary of state for war, said in the House of Commons tonight lhat the British government was fully alive to the necessity of mobilizing all re sources for the successful conduct of tho war. There were some persons, he added, who did not realize the gravity of the situation, but the House should weigh well all considerations before it made any attempt to embark on a system of compulsory service. It would be only with reluctance that the govern ment would embark upon such a policy. The government, however, Mr. Ten nant said in conclusion, realized that such a step might become necessary. He appealed to the House not to press him to eay more than that. Moscow Sunday School Session t;iiils MOSCOW, Idaho. May 13. fSpecial.) The Inland Empire Sunday School convention closed here Sunday, after having the largest attendance of any Sunday school convention ever held in the Inland Empire. Eighteen counties of Idaho and Eastern Washington had -100 registered delegates and several hundred visitors. Dean J. V,. Eldrldgc. of the University of Idaho, was elected president for the ensuing year, and I'rank .Morris, of I.-wi5ton: .lohn M. Emerson, of I'ullman: l)r. 11. A. Ixive lace and Senator II. 1 1. I'hipps and Ir. W. II. Iiavis, of Spokane, were elerrci directors. Be Suro You Get C-SGRLGCIi'S THE OniGWAL MALTED VI ILK The Food-drink for all Ages For Infants, Invalids and Growing children. Pure nutrition, upbuilding the whole body. Invigorates thenursingmother and the aged. Rich millc, malted pain in powder form. A quick lunch prepared in a minute. Take a Package Home Unl'aam you say "HORLtOK'S' ' you may get a muaatltuto Round Trip Portland to Roseburg account Roseburg Strawberry Carnival May 21 and 22 Tickets on sale from all stations in Orepron. main line and branches, Mhv 21-22, final return limit May 24th full particulars at City Ticket Office, 80 Sixth St., cor. oak, Union Depot or K. Morrison St., or from any agi-nt of the SOUTHERN PACIFIC John 31. Scott, Gen. Pass. Agent, Portland, Oregon. 1 Is the best too good for you? n Van Dvck ciffars j p are of precious Havana leaf. Havana all Havana Spanish made Two for a quarter and tip L A. Gunst & Co., Inc., Distributor