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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (May 10, 1915)
0 THE MORXIXG OREGOMAX. MONDAY, MAY 10, 1915. i: Is 1! r nratt PORTLAND, OREGON. Entered at Portland. Oregon. Foatolflcs aa ftecouu-cilBS ill L Lor. Subscription Rates Invariably In advance: By Mall.) lialty. Sunday Included, one year . .SS.t'O Iaily. Sunday Inclurled, six monthi ..... 4.25 ?aiy. Sunday inclutled, three months ... li.'A& Jially, bunday Included, one month o ZjMily, without Sunday, one year ........ O.uO Xaiiy. without Sunday, six months B.-3 liatly, without Sunday, three montba ... 1.15 Dully, without Sunday, on month ttu Weekly, one year ......... ......... l.Ou fiur.day, one yea.r 3i.o0 Sunday and Weekly, one year a.iU (By Carrier.) tlly, Sunday Included, one year 9.00 lially, Sunday Included, one month 'o How to Kemlt Send Poatofflce money or ler. expresa order or personal check on your local bank. Stamps, coin or currency are at sender's risk. Give poatofflce address In iuil. Including county and atate. ! Postage Rates 12 to 16 pages, 1 cent: 1M to 3 page. 'J cents; li4 to 43 pages, 3 cents ov 10 mi pases, 4 cents; tt to 7o pages, cents; 78 to 62 pages, 6 cents. .b'orelff postage, aouoia rates. Kastern Business Office Veree & Conk Tcw ork, ijruuswlck building; .Clilcas emnger bullulug-. San l-rsBdMs Office It. J. Bldwell Com pany, Market street. PORTLAND. MONDAY,' MAY 10, 1915. THE ISSUE WITH GKRMANY. Although the sinking of the Lus tania -with the sacrifice of hundred of lives grips the imagination, the torpedoing: of the tank steamer Gulf light is a, clearer case of violation by Germany of American rights. Th Gulf light Is an American ship, whic was carrying oil to France. She was disabled by a torpedo and the cap tain and two of his crew were killed The only points lacking to complete our case are proof that a German submarine fired the torpedo and th German government's assumption of responsibility for the act. This is a situation regarding which the United States and Germany had taken directly antagonistic positions before the event. Germany had pro claimed .British waters a war zone which neutral ships would enter a their peril, being exposed to the risk of destruction by her warships. Th United States flatly denied the right of Germany to establish a war zon or to destroy ships without examina tion, declaring such action an "inde xensible violation of neutral rights which it would be very hard indeed to reconcile with the friendly relations now happily subsisting between th two governments." Only by denying that a German ship nred the torpedo can Germany evad the alternative between making amends and engaging in a serious dis pute with the United States. If amends are made, that will in effect be admission that the establishment of a war zone was usurpation o power. If amends are refused, the United States must hold Germany to "strict accountability" or back down from the position taken in the dis- patch of February 10. The case of the Lusltanla differs In many respects from that of the Gulflight. The Lusitania was a Brit ish vessel carrying war munitions to Germany's enemy. Germany says the ship was armed and was therefore war vessel, subject to be sunk a sight. If this had been true, the United States would have been guilty of a gross breach of neutrality in per muting tne Lusitania to leave an American port, but the United States denies that the vessel was armed Here arises a' question of veracity between the two nations. Germany cannot disclaim responsi bility for the Lusltanla affair, for the official warning given in advance fixes It upon her. She will doubtless gladly accept responsibility. The issue be tvveen Germany and the United States in that regard will then be, after it has been proved, as it will be, that the ship was unarmed, whether Germany can with impunity sink a vessel car rying American passengers. The United States lias warned Germany that to destroy th lives of American citizens, presumably whether they are on a neutral or a belligerent ship, is an indefensible violation of neutral rights." When called to account for drowning and mangling hundreds of Americans, Germany will reply that even if unarmed, the Lusltania was carrying war munitions to her ene mles; that it was incumbent upon Germany, for her own defense, to pre vent these munitions from reaching England: that submarines are the only means available for this purpose that their use precludes rescue of passengers and crew; and that the warning not to go on the ship clears Germany of blame. Germany chose a terrible and spectacular means of no tifying the neutral world that, if it wishes to travel the seas in safety, it must sell no arms to her enemies and must not travel on ships which carry arms to them; further, that it must riot trade with her enemies in any manner. The United States Is already com mitted to a directly contrary definition of our duty in the matter of traffic : in arms. The President's proclama tion of August 4 defining our duties as a neutral declared that the laws of the United States do not interfere "with the commercial manufacture or Bale of arms or munitions of war," and provide that "all persons may lawfully and without restriction man ufacture and sell within the United States arms and munitions of war and other articles ordinarily known as contraband of war." This is the prin ciple on which Germany herself acted In selling arms to Japan and Russia In 1904-5 and to Turkey and the Bal kan states, and which she has specifi cally Indorsed since the present war began. In a note handed to Secretary Bryan on December 15 the German Ambassador said: The Imperial German government agrees that under the general principles of Inter national law no exception can be taken to neutral states lettlnc war material go to Oermany'a enemies from or through neutral territory, and that the adversaries of Ger many are authorized to draw from the 1'nfted States contraband of war. and espe cially arms. , If the United States were now to reverse the position It took last Au gust and the position which Germany approved, it would violate the follow ing provision of one of The Hague treaties: The rules Impartially adopter by the neu tral powers shall not be altered in principle during the course of the war by one of the neutral powers, except In the case where experience shows the necessity for such action In order to safeguard a nations rights. Thus Germany by her present de mand violates this provision by adopt ing a new definition of neutrality and calls upon the United States also to violate the same provision and to adopt the same new definition of neu trality. Th's Nation cannot remain neutral, as C-ermany understands the term, withe- . ceasing to be neutral as not only -j and the allies now un derstand Jt, but as Germany, .under-; stood tt no longer ago1 than last De cember. That compliance with Germany's demands would be a gross breach of neutrality exposing us to attack by the allies Is proved by this statement of the Fatherland, the pro-German or gan in this country: Were the war material from the United States withheld, the war would come to an end in sixty days or less. The size of the contracts placed by the allies In this country Is proof that they are without facilities for carrying on a content on such a large scale England finds herself in a difficult position! and could not go on enlarging her forces without the munitions being shipped to hei from the United States. As for Kussla she would be- Immediately at the end of her re sources were the American markets closed. This is an admission that the ces sation of exports of war material from this country to the allies would en able Germany to overpower her ene mies in sixty days, yet we are asked in the name of neutrality to cease export ing war material. The exclusive op portunity to import this material was secured by the allies in open war by superior naval power. They are fairly entitled to its benefits. Were the United States to forbid trade in war supplies, our action . would be equivalent to placing a fleet on the At lantic Ocean in the service of Ger many. That country has taken the profits of its victories on land by using the. arms factories of Liege and all the resources of occupied territory for military purposes, but it calls upon us to deprive Its enemies of the fruits of their victories at sea. Because we do not comply, it sinks our ships and drowns our sailors 'and travelers when they enter British waters. This country has a more vital in terest than that of trade In maintain ing the right of a neutral to sell arms to a belligerent. Ivike Britain, France, Belgium and Russia, we have not the facilities within our own borders to manufacture arms for a war on the twenteth century scale. If we should engage in war, we should be com pelled to import arms and munitions or to go under. Germany and Aus trla alone have factories sufficient to supply their armies and navies. Were we to accept Germany's theorv. we snould be compelled In self-defense to erect great arms factories. Other nations would do the same, and the waste of money on armaments would be vastly increased, while the Krupps wouia lose many good customers. MAKE IT EFFECTIVE. It would be a waste of voters' en ergy and taxpayers' money if the new jitney ordinance it is proposed to sub mit by resolution at the election is no more than technically different from the one held up by referendum for two years. The referended ordinance does not fill the bill. It Is drawn, apparently, on the theory that the jitney presents less a problem of public safety than one of traffic convenience. It does not appeal to those who have the public welfare at heart and it is not pleas ing to those who are in sympathy with or derive profit from piratical competition in transportation. It is a timid sort of measure that may seem safely sufficient to an elected legisla tive body, but it is not equare-toed enough to submit to an Independent electorate. A prime need in jitney regulation is insurance against injury to Jitney patrons, pedestrians, . occupants of other vehicles and property. If the jitney cannot afford to provide such protectiton It does not deserve to live. The ordinance ought to contain a rea sonable bonding requirement. NOT A PARTISAX AFFAIR. The Oregonian assumes that the Multnomah Republican County Cen tral Committee, which, after an appro priate period of desuetude, is to have a meeting tonight, will confine its pro ceedings to the business for which it was organized. The surprising report is being circulated that there are some enthusiastic, not to say misguided, members of the organization who will seek to have it Indorse certain candi dates for City Commissioner who are Republicans perhaps two, perhaps all who are known to belong to the Grand Old Party. It Is quite under standable that in the present situation throughout state and Nation, where there is pretty nearly unanimous sen timent that Democratic policies have wrought widespread mischief, the opinion should prevail that the way to relief is through a party holding tenets just as far as possible removed from" anything and everything Democratic. Yet it is proper to Inquire what the City Commistsoners have to do with party politics? The people of Portland, by the.adop- tion of the commission charter, de cided for non-partisanship in munici pal affairs. The candidates are per mitted to have no party designations. The policy of the charter is declared in a distinct and clearly defined way, so that even the most ardent partisan cannot make a mistake about it. It is not the function of the Repub lican committee to indorse candidates, even in a campaign between the parr ties; and It is even less justifiable to introduce purely "partisan concerns in municipal contest.' The candidates who may be indorsed may be sure that they will get no benefit in the lection. It may be hoped that the committee ill not be misled by the stiff-necked and hidebound partisans, but will at tend to Its own business and let the city's alone. WHY THERE nA8 NO CONVOY. Many persons ask why the British navy did not furnish a convoy to the Lusitania after the whole world had been warned of Germany's purpose sink her. That question raises points of military policy which are fully known only to Britain and her allies, but which are partly apparent to any observer of the war. The prime necessity is to guard the coast of the British Isles from attack and to protect the vast fleet of trans ports which la constantly crossing the sea between England and France, be tween England and Ireland, and also between Canada, Australia, New Zea land and India and the mother coun- ry. While the clearing of hostile ships from the ocean has diminished the need of armed convoy for trans ports in remote waters, they no sooner reach home waters than this need arises. All other considerations yield to that of bringing safely to the bat- e front the troops and their equip ment. Although the size, number of lives danger and importance of the munitions carried may seem to justify an expectation that the Lusitania would have been convoyed, the British avy could not thus guard one ship ltnout caning forth demands that all ave like protection. There is an average of 200 arrivals and departures of ehips daily from British ports. It ould be beyond the power even of the British navy to escort each, vessel i through the zone of danger without neglecting the far more important duty of safeguarding the ships with out which the war could not be car ried on. The great number of vessels adapted to combat submarines which Britain and France possess, when taken in conjunction with the limited amount of protection they are able to afford merchant ships, gives some idea of the herculean task which protection of the coasts and of the transports imposes on the navy. Of all kinds of cruisers Britain had at the outbreak of war 135 built and twelve building, while France had thirty-four built. Of torpedo-boats and destroyers Britain had 300 built and thirty-eight build ing, France 238 built and eleven build ing. The two nations combined had 768 cruisers and torpedo craft. With all these hundreds of vessels available, the allies seemingly can spare none to guard commerce against subma rines. QUEER FIGURING. Mr. Daly's letter today illuminates the peculiarity of his reasoning on a business proposition. He maintains iv;i ui mcifio um oeeii ex- aS sera. Lea ana to prove nis point cites an instance where the city bought 385 lere the city bought 38S needed and when it counts for most. 'nfamous rebellion was Just opening, der was divided among three corn he purchase prlco of It enables them to give their plastic I 0 spok,e iromTth l?sk, adjoining that panics, one being awarded a contract ,2t,S." rrD Th6"3 t0 fdUCaV" f -Hakhfsir fnatrh-trTit! X XiSl&'lX 55.'. 'X at 3 each. Mr. Daly this precious time in a struggle for or's face, he said: J5.89 each. 1 meters, on th which it turne of old meters seems to consider the old meters of no value for he deducts the allow- ance made for them to determine the net cost of the new equipment. But in buying 43,000 new meters to supply the 43,000 consumers not now supplied, will the city have an equal number of old meters to turn in on me purcna.se pricer if so where are tney ana what use is the city now maaing ot them : it not, the so-called "net price" paid for the 385 meters Is not a criterion of the cost of the 43,000 But the issue in the meter ordi nance is not whether they will cost J300.000 or J500.000. It commits the city definitely to the universal meter the ordinance? The estimated excess of receipts over operating expenses of the system is about $38,000 a year at present. If this be all expended for meters In small lots, taking into consideration the growth in number of services, twenty-five to thirty years will elapse before all places are metered. If the surplus is all ex pended for meters, bonds will neces sarily be issued for new mains, new installations and other incidents out side of mere operating expenses. It is obvious that new bonds must be issued for one purpose or the other if the meter scheme goes through. PACIFIC HIGHWAY IS OPEX. Any persons who have been led to Believe that the Pacific Highway through Oregon is impassable for au tomoblles can take courage afler read ing the article of C. A. McGee in The Oregonian Sunday. Contrary to the statements of Major Bowlby, Mr. Mc Oee fn.i the -o thnn.-o-V. , . v.ouucii "ic mi- lamette Valley in good conditoin, and struck no difficulties until he reached two short stretches in Southern Ore gon, but he predicts that after July 15 the trip to San Francisco will be pleasure. Oregon has made a good start at building good roads, particularly along tho Columbia and in Southern Oree-nn When Multnomah County has paved the seventy miles now about to be con- tracted, the pace will have been set for other counties, and there is every reason to expect that they will fall into step. We have not yet reached perfection, but at this season a car can bowl along merrily through the I Willamette, Rogue and Umpqua Val- leys. The examnle set hv nr neighbor states on the north and south, and the Denents tney win surely derive, will stimulate our people to more vigorous action, me new worK near Jvaiama ana in the Siskiyous which Mr. McGee found to be obstacles will soon be completed and will then be a delight to travelers. The Journey from Vancou- ver, B. C, to the Mexican line can be made In comfort this Summer. HELP FOR AMB1TIOIS YCl'TH. It Is a. common complaint by college faculties that their classrooms are in fested with loafers. Many sons of rich men, and some sons of poor ones, go to college to have a good time, to in sinuate themselves into the right so- ciai act, to cultivate amieucs, to do ""l,u,, UUI- mu. ineir laieness ana languid inainerence worry the lives out oi ineir teacners ana orten '""l c fc, o.uua.Lcu iui Li,e eaino rea- v,.i Kiw ,1, me story marnea ;.r. Huyuituiiate lover, to get na oi II 1 1 II . 1 T , . . iiaa oilcii oeen remarKea tnat tne colleges would be a great deal better off without these loafers than with them, but no effectual way has been found to eliminate them, Stanford University has tried one plan and an other, probably with some success, lne Eastern universities have dis cussed the question, but done little more. Too many of the undesirables are sons of wealthy alumni, from whom the universities have expecta tions, to make severe measures expe dient. So the loafers continue to loaf their way through the curricula while boys and girls who would really like to learn something at colles-e strain and tug to Day their wav and often have to give up the struggle for sheer lack of money. In recognition of this disagreeable fact the Northwestern Educational oundation has been organized ith nt h' H. C. Henry, of Seattle, as preslden Its purpose is to raise a fund to be loaned to worthy students at six per cent Interest. The idefe. Is said to have I originated with an Aberdeen banker. W. J. Patterson hut Whoever l-i 1-e I cnnnaihie tny it nnthin h,,t i should be awarded to him. . siiiy stuuoni ui buuu ameceuents may borrow from the fund. 5'ear by 1 year, enough to pay his way through I college. His self-respect Is preserved by the feeling that the money is loaned, not given to him. .The plan! has all the aspects of a sound business I enterprise with no taint of charity or patronage about it: As far as the choice of institutions is concerned the plan is as liberal as possible. A stu- I dent may go to a classical university to a denominational college, or to a technical school of the proper stand ing. Apparently there is no discrimi nation whatever. The founders seem to be completely free from doctrinaire prejudices and pedantic whims. This win make the foundation immensely ucciui. it win ciear tne patn to an policy which is an expensive policy . . ""-" uiunuc, president or tne uregon pald. n will also be noted that me at either figure in a city supplied by L secret bases of supply may have Steam Navigation Company, has fur- ters of four different companies were eravltv with rnrh Jo tjJVe bee" established in British waters, thered the interests of the artist by purchased. Instead of a particular type ft ran Ik, er tha There than 18,000 Germans he boats of his company at being "favored.- Particular type fr n, tv I " ' tn ,t , t at liberty ln Great Britain, and some Mn Woodard s service. Meter ar now being installed at a lnV;ic!l enThUfh orwhatt0useU ----- VZ "UrSe0n r?Vh. meterareuased n education for a host of worthy young people. Its benefits iwill be social as well as individual, for the most pre cious treasures of the country are am bitious youth who are willing to make sacrifices for the sake of self-improve ment. We gather from the account of the foundation which has been given to the public that the only security re quired of borrowers is their personal notes. This is indeed the onlv secur- ity that many of them could give in u Til' . . n .1 T. -1 I V. . 1 ever that nothing could be more, re- liable. The project of making loans iu conege students is not new. it nas been tried under manv and varlrcl conditions and the fact has always stood out conspicuously that these young people are reliably honest. They pay their debts, so that loans to them are eoorl investments This h heen ernw.. ;i.r,"o7 iitv,,.v jL me M.uuom luan lunos at tjorvauis and Eugene, as well as by the loans of the Student Brotherhood organized by R. C. French under the auspices ot the Portland Young Men's Christian Association. All well-devised projects of this na ture deserve commendation. Thev anora neip to promising young people at tho precise time when help is most needed and when it counts for most. money. It places the poor student, at least in many Important particulars, on a level with the rich and tends to make college education truly demo- cratic. The Northwestern Educational Foundation purposes to increase its fund as circumstances permit, so that in the course of years it is likely to play a significant part In the educa- tional history of the country. Submarines have gradually extended their radius of action until they have occasionally appeared off the west coast of Ireland. Sinking of several vessels in close succession In the Irish Sea, the Bristol Channel and to signal submarines when they can safely enter. There may be in the south or west of Ireland a few Irish men so irreconcilably anti-English that they help the Germans in this manner. It is also possible that sup ply ships sailing under neutral flags have sunk food and fuel in shallow waters at designated spots, where sub marines can submerge' .and pick up what they need. Surveys made a few years ago for a tunnel between England and Ireland revealed the existence of a great dike over which the water is shallow and which might De a iavoraoie location ror a under the sea. store In its orobable effect on the in.,,, oi the war the attni-lt on Turlreu- 1 more Important than any of the pres- snt engagements on the western front ana is of equal importance with the fighting in the Carpathian Mountains Its success would deprive Germany of one ally while the success of the Rus- sians in the latter quarter would Dlace - - Hungary at their mercy. The doom or lursey wouia no sooner appear sealed than Italy and the Balkan states wouia leap into the arena of the spoils would have come. no., ivi incu' icui juu.uce ot snaruiK -,v uucmr explains to me a x -i - , . . world that insomnia is always caused by some trouble. Wear the right nl"u ui ueciacies ana sweet sieep win regularly visit your pillow. Is it neces Bary lo aaa tnat tnls floctor manurac lu,ra me umy ngm una Jagat Jit Singh Bahadur, Maharajah of Kapurthala, a section of India SIIaller in size than an Oregon county, is obeying the mandate to "see Amer- lea first." He must be a decent sort of chap, for he brings only No. 4 with "cvpciu tvuiu imvn nuia mat srouna containing me DOSKi aeil on the Columbia Highway for big money, but preferred to give It to the city Mr. Shepperd la a good man and citizen. In the advice of the Health Bureau concerning filth and flies is the sug- I wn.lt.. thnt . . . . II. A n I 1 V. I scwuuu Liin.v uiib iu a, imi&iiurn i nrhn 1. nnt nloonl,- If.-.. ,1 ni- ....v, wica.nj. .m s"UU, I do so from your side of the fence. it win be observed there is no com plaint of the conduct of the Lusi- tania's crew. Thev were "RriHshena as they must be in time of war, and they acted as Britishers should. Desnlte miblished warnlmr neonle ar nnrln kl np- eon tra rv to tho. nM unH even - numbered rule and may be sur- prised by a visit of a hard-hearted The Maharajah of Kapurthala must be a past master in matrimony, being able to rule over four wives. Most Americans cannot rule over one. If Captain Turner could recover that armqhair which supported him after the luusitanla wreck, he would probably preserve it as a relic. There is more than standing room left on the city ticket. Only seven men are out for two Jobs, and but two for the other. The single-taxers are not men of 81 Eie laea- ineJ lry lo auvance Dy so many different routes that they maKe no progress. On the Columbia Highway at Mitch- ell's Point Oregon will have the first tunnel with windows. It will be the talk of the country. I The war college has become ram- Dant SlllCe the Lusitania Wreck. All i it memhern talk ri m n Ha n eonsi v a n it I nobody listens; , Everybody has the right of travel, to be sure, but the American liners are the safe boats. A secret marriage, like murder, Is bound to out, though not for the same reasons. Alfred Vanderbilt died as a man should die, giving woman precedence. Bryan does not want to "rock the boat." A cradle Is about his measure. Swiss hotels are open for the seai son Take an airship. The lazy husband gets his in Idaho now. neon tne p Ti--j . ' . , 7 " , , 1 V . . me aciuai averaa-e price Half a Century Ago I From The Oregonian of May 10. 1880. Canyon City The Winter has been severe this year. There is too much of "the elements" in the weather. The stage has Just arrived loaded dow In fact, Jim Wheeler"s stages are al ways full. He makes regular eemi- weekly trips, notwithstanding the high water ena tne Indians' depredations. I . exressy S,: the fall of Richmond is that the Franco-Austrian empire in Mexico is I inevitablv a failure.. We n re in,'itnH to coincide with that view of the case, but tho entrance of the French fleet lnto Guayma and the capture of that ??&tSw 2? JlZ " to 7. ,TT " , l""' . ana "aaenly ana I ms AiejLicun empire may need some ot tne same experience trie Confederacy nad to induce it to dry up, as the Con- 'ederacy did. The Generals of Jeff ?,avi,8 seem, willing, however, to go to ... .v-n taiiy un me uproar. .o mi c-iikui in. in . tpwcii .i.e., u .-luuiew j ai k moii in me tTnlteH lo l.a C! a-, a a In 1C1 V. 1. . " 1 1 v ' " 1 " aox, wucu uc ,lu mai men traitor, jerr uavis, un- , r n,a immeaiaie eye ana wnen tne Z. repeuion was just opening, If I were President of the United otitica x wouia arrest: you as traitors, x wouia try you as traitors, and. if convicted, by the eternal, hang you as traitors." ui obi uruve non. It. r . noise ae- livered a stirring address at the com- mencement of Pacific University last n rr. a ri o university is iiounsning .sco iu ucuiuo nU iiunui auu blessing to the state. A. B. Woodard. Esq.. of this cits- leaves today by the steamer Wilson G. Hunt on lila tirst trio, with Instru ments, fluids, etc., for taking views of the scenery of Oregon. ' He goes as far as Celllo, when he will return and prepare for a trip with S. B. Farnham. The London Times .calls our Civil War a ghastly duel. General Sherman once taught the people of the South the art of war as professor of a military school ln New Orleans. Now he is teaching it to them with practical illustrations. - ' "ic lliailucillQUL Ul HID subscription aencv fo? the , notes for the noo..in T.an in we ?Sr d."". t he i" v. the loan. Every cltTzVn ought make quainted with thla new sys- tern. It is a novelty ln finance in that ...... f . . .i . uui ii Li..j nun lllllf 1 1 1 W VH not onlv canltaliati but all fI.h.. m.v I participate, MAthinre -v 9 tk. ever before been known of. OLD FRIENDS OF CAXAL RECALLED Senator Mitchell and Senator Polpta De serve Mention for Celllo Kfforts. mMftu' May tio the tdiitor.) uurii ing the past week I have read all l could find in the papers about the onenina- nr the feiiin -.n.i- h. j all the speeches which have' been made I ty the several distinguished renre D..ie.. vi i n o un i 1 1 1 L aiaiea wnose pePJ".e have ""ally begun to realize the ..... .... . I.. . ..... .na. iieu iibi i . : . , I i ii i r 1 1 1 rutin r r.r a 4vaot ...... t. i i . I i 'iv r ii li u ii a Keneration &ko. and navel heen .mj.ji., . ...j ' pointed that neither the name of John H. Mitchell nor that of .Tonenh tm rininhl has been mentionrl hv nv sneaker n- newspaper reporter. And. aa I etoori on the henV. nr the Wlllamettn unn w!in.,,il the he..,ti ful pageant presented by the river craft. some of which had been to Lewiston and return within a week, and listened to the whistles as thev reverberated across the adjacent hills, sweeping over the graves of our two lamented United States Senators, who gave su ?r'S Sl tK cent wnrv the - , ' ..." T again marveled that in all the festl'vi- ties of the occasion no word of gratl tude for their contribution at a time when progress was indeed difficult was uttered, but all the praise was show- ered on those who came later, who, to be sure, have performed noble work. but at a time when it has been com paratively easy to enlist Government I support of a project that had already been undertaken r , , 1 . I l , . . I v.wuiee 1L 11 us uctu an oversiKllI, hilt It ia YWt tnn 1 fl te tn rl I , nkliA " r, ' -"r "") w " earnor ""-11 iiiuiiv.niuii lu cunmrun a canal and locks at Celilo was first suggested. It loomed as large and for- WII4UHIH a o iub iifeauia mts Manama i -anai aid in more recent years. And mutoou nun uuipn urn yeuinail wora at a time When the going was not good! when it required courage and perse- verance to mane any progress at ail. At the celebration here on Thurs- aay, won. tsinger nermann snouia nave Deen a specially Invited guest as a recognition of his splendid services, too, when Oregon was said to have had the most influential delegation In Congress for its population of all the states. But It is a busy world atd we forget, l. T. ubbtt. Matter of Construction. PORTLAND. May 8. (To the Ed- nor.) In your answer to "Mormon Ba- sin" in the case of a man who laid off a day on a $3.50-job and still paid the $1 -a. day board bill, you said he would be out $4.60 for the day. By figuring, I maintain he would be out only $3.50. My method is: By working 30 days at $3.50 a day he would make $105. His board costs $1 a day. or $30 for the month. Therefore, $105 less $80 is $75. If ho worked one day less, or 29 days, he would make $101.50; and paying for the full 30 days' board, he would have at the end of tne 29 days $101.60 less $30, or $71.50 coming. And $75 less $71.50, or $3.50, represents what I he would bo out. Or, In other words. his labor would net him only $3.50 per day, which he would lose beside the l for board, or SS0 MATHEMATICIAN. Tho Oregonian answered the question literally, and so stated. It may be ad- mlU,il that the nT-lc-inal nni-recnnnent j i j , i - ji l . the pay check of a man who works 80 aays ana one wno worxs as nays after each has been charged $30 for board,! hut he did not state the query that way. Literally, the workman la "out" . , , j , ... .. ' " " lays off 30 days, thereby surrendering his $3.60 a day, or $105 a month, and It is well known that Jay Cooke, of Hft-n 'i TIVT an uN Phlladelphla. some time ago. by au- " 'l.r""rV i 1'?,00'000- , thority of the Secretary of the Treas- .tTmmn?, ?t T ny h" "'P'""" iifv ...,,.n,,i i. .w- stated that it Is not proposed to Issue pays $30 for board, he Is out $135 for bear. If low freight rates are made the month. This figures $4.60 a day by the steamer lines along the Colum for each day he loafs and pays board. bi an1 Snake rivers It will result ln Usually Get What Tney Cio After. Moro Observer. The Dalles Business Men's Associa tion Is trying to secure the state port age dock at The Dalles and use it as a I municipal oock at wnicn an boats can land. The dock was built by the state I and will soon bo sold, no longer being! needed, being part of the state portage I roaa arouna ceiuo. i a MR. DALY'S METER CALCULATIONS Price Heretofore Paid Reduced by Turning: la Old Meter. PORTLAND, May 8. (To the Ed itor.) Permit me to call your atten tion to a number of inaccuracies and misleading statements that appeared in an article on the meter referendum published in The Oregonian on May , and to request that you give this let ter due publicity in order that your readers may be set aright. It is the earnest wish of the De partment of Public Utilities that the meter question be fully discussed in the public-press, so that the electorate may hav" a clear perception of the proposl- tlon, and such misstatements, even unintentional, sometimes have the same "Sfl . Wf d"b"at i" me average ioi meters or tne type favored by commissioner ialy Is $8.40 each and I tne average cost or Installation of each I meter is 13." The insinuation that any particular type of meter is "favored" by me is , iiusicduui ana me statement that the I average price paid for meters during iny nuministration Is $8.40 Is Incorrect. i uniy two purchases of five-eighth I I . . 1 j ... . . . mtii meters in quantity lots nave been I made since my advent to office. One or these was for 750 meters. This or eer was divided among three com The second niirrhaaa tnr r i etui another type. In payment for t these the citv turner! in an ennui m, re ber of used meters, many of which had I heen In T,e ......I OS . ' rr. - v. , j der allrtwer? the .itu 1 v. ... o., , i--1 cm n. j 1 1 r". 11 1 11 I tnese nU Instrument A ( - gave tl worth of extra parts with each new one, making- the net cost to the l citv onlv 54.40 each. i ne total numDer of meters nnr chased by the city in these two lota v mo ana tne total cont w $6080.60, or an average cost cer meter or 5.13 From these figures it will be annar tnat tne statement In The orego nian that $8.40 is the average price o meters is $3.27. or about S ne- oen nigner tnan the actual average prfc larnrer quantities. The statement is also made in Th Oregonian article that the "real Isau will be whether or not Commlsslone Daly will be authorized to Issue no less than laOO.Ono In 25-year 4 rer cen oonos to raise money to Install th clty-wlde meter system. The $500.00 will be the Initial expenditure. Th I lnl . . - . " a single bond for the purchase of me 'era His plan, which he has outlined n- l?rirth: m-tS out of TlTr,! o" th "T " Cln -PJ?S'nt a im.alIer "c'- I . . ... ... i "e .nly .?DJe T the ordinance pro .,lums .,or lne Prcnase or auou metera I " - " w ' """It 1MB IIT 'J K r- . . w it, v. cuut.ru in it .r-n i nil i m i e- obtainable only when meters are bought in wholesale quantities. WILL H. DALY, Commislsoner of Public Utilities. NOTHING TO BE GAINED BV WAR Lives anil Treasure Would Be Loat an fcarety at Sen Would Not Bo Assured. PORTLAND. May 9. (To the Edl tor.) Tire comments of Theodore nnn,an,H t t A ... i , i,x . Luitanla are .omewh.t .,,f V.'" i - . v. . the ff-entleman me.n thot i . . irni..j States shall cro in ,.- -.ih l..,., 1 If that ,s hlB ldea. h would appea to " suffering with a surdua o Shakespearean east wind and to be tak I ,n hls usual conversational method o relieving himself. The gentleman seems to forget that amDle warnlmr " '"" uermany as to tne dan- "' "ler"1 me war zone arouna Gr., B5'tain;, . . . ino uuien. or tnaunitea mild ?,unte1 thP""lbl coat of engaging ln K, war The United States Navy would lAupAmr.' .Iec.11". lln4 ac'ce.Vto !hT ... .UT W are now supplying all the arms and ammunition that the allies are willing to buy from us. The only service this country could render the enemies of Germany would be to organize and transport to the continent of Europe an army of 250,000 or 600,000 men or mora. That is tremendous task for a nation like this which is not particularly prepared to carry on a war. It woudl cost at least between $5,000,000 and $10,000,000 " day. and probably mora, to maintain Kni-h sn firn-o niT.tfnn irm .,,nnl . - gratters would again reap a harvest thousands of United States cltiiena would lose their lives, tho pension roll would be augmented nr-.iniv .n.i the public debt be enormously in- rrpflsnil What would be gained by all this sacrlf ce? Nnth nr en tar a the ne- manent Interenta n the 1'niten1 Rt.te. are concerned. American citizens would not be one whit safer on the sea than thev are today. If tho mla-hty British navy cannot safeguard British ship ping, the United States Navy would hardly be able to do It. Besides, we bhould only ba pulling the chestnuts out of the fire for the Enallsh imrie rial 1st- What could we demand at tho close of the war that victorious Eng- land would give ua Meanwhile, what would Japan be doing? With the United States taking the part of the allies. Japan could grab the reins of power in China and dtimi nate Asia, which she has the ambition to do and which she has already made a good beginning at accomplishing since the war began. No eventuality could fall in more completely with Japanese plans for Asiatic supremacy and practical monopoly of the yaat re sources of China than the entrance of the United States into the war as the lly of England and Russia. Also now that transatlantic voy ages are rather hazardous and can be made only at the assumption of great personal risk, it would he a good time for United States citizens to "see America first" and not fail, among other things, to visit the famous Co- iumbla Highway which equala any thing that can be seen in Europe. WILLIAM DONNIGES. 865 Halsey street. Low Steamer Rote Kaaenttal. PORTLAND. May (. (To tho Edl- tor.) I have noticed your editorial In Su th " Cellle ' Canal and up th. Columbia and Snake rivers. we now have an open river. The steamer - lines are starting out to do "T mite m uou. They seem to be satisfied to get a 1, ..1 h.,.n... et hio-h rote. I - nrf their basis of rate-maklna: is on the theory of all that the traffic will ouiluing up a. uia uutinoBB 111 iiiai ter ritory and opening up a system of feeders from various points along the river to the larger cities and towns in the interior. There is nothing more essential t this time to develop the river traffic than low rates, not rates that will not be remunerative, -but rates that will be an attraction to brinor a volume of bus iness which will pay the steamer lines fair profit. WHOLESALER, Twenty-Five Years Ago From Tha Orsgonlsn of May 10, l00. The men from the Pacific Nortbwert who are specially interested In lead and the duty fixed by the ways and means committee on mixed ores are Just now very much alarmed. It is moro than probable that enough Republican can vote with Democrats to take oft the duty. The Kansas Republicans are working hard and are reinforced by the smelters, who are furnishing any amount of information. The owners of the lead minea who would be benefited have been singularly silent. Spokane Falls A meeting was held here last night to take steps prelimi nary to organizing a stock exchange. John L. Sullivan comes forth with a statement and saya that James Corbett t&iKs too much for a prizefighter. By the time snow files this year there will be rail connection between Port land and Port Towneend. Ex-Oovernor Eugene Semple has con nected himself with the I II. (Jrifllil. Realty & Banking Company, of Seattle. Colonel E. L. Corthell, who was chief assistant to Captain Ends at the Mis sissippi Jetty work, writes to the As torian, which asked his opinion as to tho Columbia River improvements, that the work now mapped out by the Gov ernment at tho mouth would give a channel depth of 3t) feet. Professor Lucian Marc Chrtatol. the noted wrestler, called at The Oregonian office yesterday to announce that ho waa willing to meet any lightweight wrestler ln the world. Chrlstol any a even that he will wrestle tho bear that is being exhibited on Front atreet. On account of the uncertainty of tha weather the picnic to be held by Mrs. Cox' Sunday school class of First Con gregational Church has been postponed inaennitciy. The German Empress, like her hus band, is going to be a reformer. She is organizing a league for the preserva tion of good habits among ladles of Prussia. The San Francisco Chronicle of a re cent date says: "Henry VI Hard has waited several years to see the realiza tion of his dream for a railroad from ocean to ocean, but It ha come now by the purchase of tho Chicago &. ;reat Western by the Northern Pacific. If anyone had predicted when the cr-h came that unseated Vlllard that ho would ba ln power again In six years and stronger than ever, the prophet would have been laughed at. Such re cuperation Is common in fiction, but rare In real life." Dr. C. C. Strstton. formerly of Ore gon, has resigned t!ij presidency of Mills Seminary at OakWnd. Cal. Three trustees resigned Mmultsneously. Tho cause is given as friction with Mrs. Mills. D. Solis Cohen delivered an eloquent address before the annual meeting of the Boys and Girls Aid Society last night. E. P. Holbrnok and J. o. Koehler. among others, have gone to Baker City to make Investments. Michel Bullut, the cigar dealer on Ftrst street, waa swindled out of about $3500 by a pair of clever swindlers and confidence men who worked on him for about a week. I'HACTICU CARHOF WAR BABIES France and ;-rmanr Are JVot Adtted to England's Prudery. PORTLAND. Mav 9 cTn n,. vh, tor.) lour editorial on 'war babies" In England and the PrudUli attitude the government and many urivale oer- sons are taking toward them calla at tention to ,h . ... . .. fcw ""icij uiiiri eui, cuurao pursued in France and Germany. in l-ranee, the Chamber of Deputies, wise with the wlKdoni of French irenlu. which always sees things as thoy are, many months ago panned a law making all babies born in La Patne legitimate. War benefits are provided unmarried mothers on exactly the same 1h aa married mothers. The French lawmak ers have realized that nature nays no attention to statutes regarding legit imacy wnen It comes to procreation. Iiermany. with characteristic Teu tonic thoroughness, has gone even fur ther than France in caring for "war babies." The imperial government has arranged to look after the health and education of all the children of its aol- Ulero everywhere. These children will ultimately be German subjecta with an equal chance In the world with those born of a married union. Tho German government has organ ized a corps of trained mldwives and nurses, whoso services will bo avail able to all women who become mothers. Attempts will be made as far as pos sible to ascertain the paternity of tho child, but no discrimination will be practiced against a mother because sho s not married. Is not this the humane and enlight ened course to follow? Whatever wrong attaches to the parents of children horn out of wedlock, certainly the child Is not to blame and ought not to be made the Innocent victim of a harsh and in flexible social code, In the making of which tho child's interests were largely overlooked. The Continental treatment of the sit uation and the British attitude are characteristic. Anglo-Saxon countries have more than their share of prudlsh ness, and we In the United Htates In herit our full part of It. In the face of such a situation, the Ariflo-Paxon Is morally outraged and preacries rr- mona. In continental r.urope tney ake steps to see that the child de velops into a healthy and useful nil. man being. That the Anglo-Saxon meth od Is tho wieest In the end may be se riously questioned. C. JI. W. What Make of Machine Waa Itt Mitchell Sentinel. A man who owned a blank automobile nvited some friends to take a ride. Tha car ran well until the town was left far behind, then it stopped. The river pulled on the doo dad. but the machine did not move. He tried the whingwhan, and still it stood. Then h got out. went to the front and raised tho hood- "By George!" he exclaimed. those fellows at the repair shop forgot o put the engine back In. She's trav eled 12 miles on her reputation." Better Let the Matter Drop. Huntington News. The public never forgets a scandal. Lately attention has again been directed to the fact that Adam and Eva wero ever married. Business Is Getting Better You see the signs on all sides. It is written in the trade balance. In the bank deposits. In tho more cheer ful attitude of workers. These are not boom times to be sure but they ave good times to go after business, to try harder, to push harder, to Je moro optimistic. And, above all else, they are tlmet to advertise. For, as prosperity increases, the returns from newspaper advertising will be greater and greater, will be greater and greater. i