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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (May 4, 1915)
6 TTIE 3IORXING OREGOXIAN. TUESDAY, MAY 4. 1015 tmron ; roar land, or:oos. Jint.-red at Portland. Oregon, Postoffic " second-class matter. Subscription Kates Invariably in advance: (By Hall.) y Iaiiy, Sunday included, on yi '" Dally, Sunday lucludud, six ui vear JS.ou month 4. Xuily, Sunday included, three mouths. ... 2.-5 liaily, Sunuay included, one munlh. . . . . . . lJwily. without Suuda, ou year ........ 0.1H Jaily, without Sunday, six monttil Jii!y. without Sunday, tt.reo months.-.- J.Vi Tially. without Sunday, uue month. ..... -o , "Weekly, one year 1.50 Sunday, one year 2.00 Sunday and Weekly, ono year 3.50 . , ... (By Carrier.) raily, Sunday Included, one year 59.00 J.iiily. Sunday included, one month...... -S3 " ' " How to Keralt Send I'osluCllce money or. lci, express order or personal check on your . local bank. Stamps, coin or currency are at -sender's risk. Give postoffice address In Ull. lr.cludins county and slate. I'oalnae Kutes 12 to lit pases. 1 cent; 18 -T- w- ):ae. - cents; 34 to 4ti pases, 3 cents; ; 00 to t panes, 4 cents; M to 7t pages. & ,4.1. nts; TS to U- pages, cents. Foreign post c, doublo rates. - ' Kastcro Bunlneaa Office Veree z Conklin, tNew York, liruoswivk building; Chicago, -altonger building- T ;. tan Francisco Office R. J. Bldwell Com puny, 74- Market street. IXOKTLAND, TIEWOAY. MAY 4, 1915. FAIR WARNING. J.T, The Springfield Republican, which 3s not a. Republican newspaper, thinks "tno much is being taken for granted titbout a Republican victory next year Xaud issues a warning that if the re arUonarics control the organization laud the nomination, the Democrats XJi'Hl win easily. The Republican notes -"hat a definito recession from pro Ziixessivism has taken place in the leg islation of "various states New York, Iowa, Wisconsin, Minnesota, Colorado, "Ohio and Connecticut and suggests Jfhat the party which feels sure of suc cess too soon forgets the people. IV Senator Borah has issued the same warning, and Theodore Roosevelt has ; made it clear that the Republican ,;H&j-ty need not expect his support if tt follows the leadership of the old atiine bosses. "'' The great error made by Mr. Roose velt and his followers in 1912 was in abandoning the struggle then all but won to make the Republican party progressive, and in. trying to kill it, and form a new party on its ruius. II Roosevelt had remained in the party even while protesting against its ac tions, who can doubt that today he would have been invincible within the party and before the Nation? " '- The Republican overlooked Indiana In its accounting of backward and boss-ridden Legislatures. Can a Leg islnture dominated by Boss Taggart S ibe any more progressive than a Legis- Mature, such as New York's, controlled I Tby Charles S. "Whitman, or Wiscon- Rein's, controlled by heaven knows whom ? Where the Republican party stands I rill be shown by the platform and "the candidate in 1916. We fancy that I iBoss Penrose and Boss Barnes "Will "have as little to say in the Republican icational Convention as Boss Murphy, i '.Boss Taggart and Boss Sullivan will J tiave in the National Democratic con r vention. Or less. i THE COLONEL AND THE BOSS. f l In his effort to discredit Colonel Roosevelt, William Barnes has merely t proved what close observers of the j Colonel's career have believed all along that the Colonel deferred to bosses ' o far as was necessary to accomplish ' Ills main purpose. He desired enact- inent of certain laws In the interest of the people. Senator Piatt was loath to have those laws enacted, but in '.' 'order to maintain his organization he ; must obtain certain offices for his satellities and must avoid an open Jyreach In his party. The Colonel, as i Governor of New York, gave the Sen--( ator the offices, provided they were ; Jiot filled by men of too objectionable 1 character, and the Senator aided him o procure the laws which were to tuild up. his reputation as a zealous , public servant and thus to promote ' iiia ambition for yet higher office. As time went on and as Colonel . Koosevelt acquired political power in ; Bependent of the bosses, he gradually - thook himself free from them. To him . they were mere means to an end. ; When they had served that end and when they were not only unnecessary but were a positive hindrance in gain J Jng his further ends, he threw them aside. When he could better gain his I ends by fighting them, he fought and denounced them. It is the old story ;f a man kicking away the ladder by hich he has climbed. J This view of Roosevelt's relations J Ti ith the bosses goes far to explain Jfcoosevelt's opinion that Hughes had l'wantonly behaved badly to the very -men who did most in securing his 5,aIection." Their methods were dif' Terent. Roosevelt placated the bosses rwith offices, desiring to use them In furthering his, ambition. Hughes Jgave them nothing, but organized a popular revolt against them, thereby learning their enmity and forfeiting JTheir aid in winning further honors. The difference between, the men prob (ably was that Roosevelt desired ;j'tirther honors, but Hughes did not. Hughes sought and accepted a second 'term only to complete the work of his llvst term. He did not desire to be i (jovernor again on terms which would prevent his completing that work. As for further honors he seems not to Diave thought of them. If they came without a string hold by a boss, well 8iid good, but he did not seek them. Colonel Roosevelt traded with the bosses not because he was willing to the their man, but from political ex pediency. His temperament is such tliat he chafed at the restraint he j.iua put upon himself, he drove hard bargains, kept Piatt on the anxious eat and occasionally "blew up." "Hence Piatt's desire to sidetrack him ; into the Vioe-presidency. Even had - McKinley lived, it Is doubtful whether ) the ' Colonel would have remained on I the sidetrack. We might have had the exhilarating spectacle of a sidetracked train passing, of its own momentum, onto the mainA track and running '. away eight years . sooner than an 't event of that kind actually happened. Sir. Barnes has not materially in- Jurcd the Colonel's reputation, for he ( lias only proved what was. In general, , known already, and the Colonel's polit I leal life Is all behind him. Colonel Roosevelt, however, has proved in i court damning facts which had been ' regarded only as campaign charges, i Mr. Barnes may be presumed to have ' ambition to remain a boss, and the - proof furnished b.V the Colonel may bo far to destroy his power, for fol lowers drop away from a discredited boss. Thus Mr. Barnes has seriously injured himself, but has done little in Jury to the Colonel. Lord Haldane foretells the speedy reorganization of the world so that "no nation will be permitted to go to war." An individual who feels him self -wronged must peek his remedy in .court. He is not allowed to fight for It. Lord Haldane thinks nations will soon be brought under the same rule. Sensible people the , world over ex claim "the sooner the better." THK MORAL OF A Ml'RDER. Had not misguided mercy pardoned George M. Myers, when he was con fined to the Oregon penitentiary for the murder of Policeman Eckhart at Salem, he would not have had the op portunity to murder Mrs. Thorn at San Francisco, and Mrs. Thorn would In all human probability have been alive today. Laxity of Oregon in en forcing laws for the punishment of crime really murdered Mrs. Thorn. Herein lies the most convincing ar gument ' against abolition of capital punishment for willful murderers. Advocates of the death penalty are met with the plea that life imprison ment is as effectual as hanging in pre venting a murderer from committing another murder, but In practice there is no such penalty In Oregon as life imprisonment. Even the formality of fixing such a sentence is rare, and hardly docs a term of imprisonment begin before a criminal's friends begin pleading with the Gov ernor for pardon and sooner or later they prevail. His sentence, really means imprisonment until he is par doned. He is then set free, with the thought in his mind that murder is after all regarded as a mild crime. Like a tiger which, having tasted hu man blood, becomes a man-cater, such a man has acquired an appetite for murder. From having killed once, he is the more likely to kill again and the probability is increased by len iency. That is the explanation of Myers" second crime. The sole source of sat isfaction is that by committing sui cide he deprived California of the op portunity to repeat Oregon's blunder. THE LAXI FOB THE PEOl-I.E. The sole plea of the Government in the railroad land grant litigation is now for complete forfeiture, although at one time it suggested alternative measures of relief. Complete forfeit ure means that the 4,000.000 acres would not be subject to entry or sale or use unless Congress so ordered. In all likelihood it-would be established as part of the permanent reserves. The sole plea of the railroad com pany is for confirmation of its title. which means liberty to administer the lands as it sees fit. Assuming that it had full authority over the lands, the railroad company in the past has re fused to dispose of them. The decree asked by the Govern ment "would mean the indefinite re moval from the tax rolls of the entire grant and refusal to permit its settle ment arid development. The decree asked by the railroad would permit taxation, but would in definitely withhold the grant from use. Because the land lies in alternate sections its reservation by either Gov ernment or railroad would deny to the alternate ..sections not in the grant their fullest development, for no town ship can properly grow when every other section therein is maintained as. a wilderness. Roughly speaking there are 20,000, 000 acres of land in Western Oregon. The reservation of the railroad grant would mean actual disuse of 4,000,000 acres and partial disuse of as much more. The case thus involves 40 per cent of Western Oregon, a half mil lion dollars a year in immediate taxes and the welfare of the entire state. The desire of the State of Oregon as expressed through its Legislature 13 that the grant be thrown open on terms that will insure its settlement. That is the best interest of the State of Oregon which the Attorney-General was Instructed to -serve. It matters little whether the J2.50 per acre charged actual settlers for the land goes to railroad or Government. The land for the people is our need. The Legislature did right. ONE WHO APPRECIATES NIETZSCHE. An essay on Nietzsche published in Life for April 29 has one shining merit if not more. The author con fesses to start with that he knows nothing about the philosopher whom he has undertaken to discuss. If other writers on. similar topics would be as frank the gain for morality would be considerable. "We haven't read any thing of Nietzsche's and we never mean to," says this engaging student of philosophy. "But we thoroughly believe in him," he adds still more engagingly. This gentleman does not differ much from the rest of us at bottom. Comparatively few people have ever read the articles of faith which they believe In most profoundly and the less they understand of them the bet ter for their peace of mind. Ecclesi astical authorities have seldom en couraged much prying into the mys teries which they preside over. A modest ignorance such as the writer in Life professes concerning his hero and the hero's doctrines is far pref erable to overmuch understanding. Perhaps if Life's contributor knew a little about Nietzsche his trust in the philosopher would diminish. At present his trust is admirably in elusive. He believes that Nietzsche "brought on the war, invented earth quakes, paved the way for the Berg son cult and invented the gyroscope. the shoot the shoots, Mary Pickford Lloyd George and the superman." It would be a pity if increased knowl edge should diminish his childlike and beautiful faith, as it is so apt to do in other cases. "LENA BIVERS." "Lena Rivers" was probably Mrs Mary J. Holmes' best story, though "Tempest and Sunshine" made a good second to it. Her favorite ground for fiction was Kentucky before the war, when the negroes flourished on the estates of mint-julep-loving masters and everybody was happy but the heroine of the novel. Her griefs were poignant while they lasted, but, hap pily, they were transient. Mrs. Holmes never allowed a story to close with out bringing her suffering heroine to the summit of terrestrial bliss and sending the villain where he richb1 deserved to go. Her villains were of the thorough-going sort, black through and through, with not a-ray of virtue to lighten their gloomy de" pravlty. There was a time, forty years ago or so, when Mary J. Holmes was one of tho best-beloved story writers in the country. She ranked with Augusta J. Evans in popular favor, but her. audience may have been a trifle less intellectual than that ol the author of "Beulah" and "St, Elmo." The latter took a good deal of pride In her learning, or what passed for learning with her readers. The truth-seeking hero of "St. Elmo" made himself, and incidentally the readers of the story, deeply fa miliar with the Talmud, Spinoza's writings and most of the other great philosophical works of the world be fore he finally settled the question of Christian evidences and decided to be come a minister. There never was a time, probably, when so many cooks and milliners' were adepts in philos ophy as during the vogue of "St. Elmo" and Mrs. Evans' other erudite novels. Mrs. Holmes, on the other hand. was frankly romantic and made small pretenses to erudition of any sort. Her tales are simple, pathetic and cheer ful. They invariably end Just as sym pathetic readers desire, distributing poetic justice with a liberal hand to all the characters, good and bad alike. They are still liked by large numbers of people and the revival of "Lena Rivers" as a play will pleasantly re call to multitudes who have not opened one of Mrs. Holmes books for years a story which is wholly innocent and more than commonly interesting. ONE FAVORITE SON ELIMINATED Governor 'Whitman, of New' York, has proved not big enough for his job. At the time of his election he was the hope of the progressives, both within and without the Republican party. He could have made such a fight against reactionary control of the Legislature as Governor Hughes made and could have rallied the peo ple to him as Governor Hughes did. He might and could have become a strong contender for the Presidential nomination next year. But he was not equal to the occa sion. The Legislature has dashed all the high hopes that were entertained of it, and he has said and done noth- ng to restrain it. It is taken by many to express the spirit, of the Repub lican party, not only In New York but n the whole Nation. Mr. Whitman s now rejected by progressives as a reactionary and by reactionaries as a leader who has lost his popularity. How he failed the New York Tribune tells in this fashion: All over the state thousands of vounc men. Republicans and Progressives alike, careless of party ties and party leadership, were ready and eaer to rally to a man who would utter one word of command, stive one sign or the power to lead, of tlio will to fieht. From the executive mansion to the Vvhtle House the path on January 1 ran clear and straight. But to all this Governor Whitman was blind. When the situation required courage he could only resort to cunning:. When his party criea out tor leadership ne could not make up his mind whom to follow. When the state demanded an executive he could only be a candidate. That is not the kind of man the Re publican party seeks for a leader in 1916. He was big enough to be a good prosecutor of criminals, but is not big enough to be Governor of New York. Hence he is of far too small caliber to be President of the United States. Ol'R INEFKICJuE'NT NAVY. Ex-Secretary of the Navy Meyer abundantly proves that Secretary Daniels' self-congratulations on the condition of the Navy are without cause. He shows that we ' not only fail to build new ships fast enough to bring our battle fleet up to the re quired standard of safety, but we also fail to replace outdated ships with new ships. Thus our Navy is actually going backward In strength. We also fail to build ships which are proved necessary by the latest developments In naval warfare. Our fastest ship could have been run down by the Bluecher, which was overtaken and sunk by faster British ships. The fundamental vice in the man agement of our Navy is that we have no defined policy of naval construc tion, to which Congress adheres year after year without regard to changes of Administration and from which Congress varies only in accordance with new developments and new dis coveries. The Navy has to be content with what it can squeeze out of Con gress, which doles out money with a niggard hand and imagines it is prac ticing economy. Great Britain and Germany map out a programme cov ering several years and follow it out. When a sh,ip reaches the age limit. It is no longer counted as an effective unit, and a new ship is built to replace it. Thus their navies are kept up to the standard of strength which has been adopted as necessary to the Na tion's safety. Congress no sooner receives the recommendations of the Secretary than it proceeds to pare them down. though that official has already pared down the recommendations of the General Board, which is the best judge of the Navy's needs and which is swayed by no other consideration, po litical or otherwise. When It has voted money for two or three battle ships, a few submarines and destroy ers', it thinks it has been generous, and it Ignores all requests for cruis ers, gunboats, transports, supply ships, fuel ships and tenders. Yet a navy, in order to be efficient, must be well proportioned in all its parts. A bat tleship is no use . without men to op erate it. but Congress does not in crease personnel when it adds ships. Battleships are handicapped without scout cruisers 'to seek out the enemy and report his whereabouts, and to clear the sea of small hostile craft, but no cruisers have been provided for eleven years, and we are, accord ing to the General Board, "peculiarly lacking in this element." Thanks to the efficiency of the Ger man submarines, mine-layers, destroy ers, gunboats and monitors, the Ger man coast has enjoyed immunity from attack, notwithstanding the over whelming naval superiority of the allies. Yet we have only one mine layer, . many of our submarines are- antiquated and the same statement is true of our gunboats. Congress awak ened to our need of submarines, but it cut down the number of destroyers and allowed no gunboats. With sev eral times as much coast line to de fend, we have far less facilities for its defense than has Germany. When Congress is asked for auxil iaries, such as tenders, transports. hospital, supply and fuel ships, it acts as though these were the greatest lux uries. Yet a fleet is powerless with out them. Submarines and destroyers cannot operate without tenders to sup ply them with fuel, food and ammuni tion. Much discussion has arisen as to how German submarines are sup plied In British waters, and it has been suggested that tenders flying neutral flags sink supplies to the feed of the sea in shallow waters, where EiibmS rines submerge and pick them up-. Destroyers cannot navigate for any length of time at a distance from their base unless they have a tender. A battleship without fuel is as useless as an automobile without gasoline, nor can it fight unless supplied with food for its crew and ammunition for its guns. 'Yet Congress continues to vote battleships without voting ships to carry the wherewithal for feeding the crew, the fires or the guns. Mr. Dan iels did squeeze money for one fuel ship out of its tight fist, though the General Board asked for two, but it ignored all other recommendations for auxiliaries. Whatever excuse may be made for leaving deficiencies in our land forces to be made up after hostilities begin, there is absolutely no excuse for such remissness with the Navy. The Navy is our first line of defense. It would be called upon to strike and to re ceive the first blows immediately after a declaration of war. There would be no time to prepare; the Navy must be ready . to act on the instant. Cruisers and destroyers must go out to discover the enemy's fleet, and must be closely followed by tenders and supply ships, that they may re main at sea for a long period.. The battle fleet must have its full comple ment of trained men, its bunkers full of coal or its tanks full of oil, its holds full of supplies and ammunition. Sup ply, fuel and hospital ships must be ready to accompany it, for it cannot suspend hostilities to return to its base. When the word comes to strike, it must go to sea and strike. If the enemy strikes first, it must be ready to strike back instantly, but we should strike first, for we then have the choice of time, place and circum stance, an axiom of war being that an offensive Is the best defensive move. It has been abundantly revealed that not even our first line of defense our Navy is adequate or efficient. Our Army, which is our second line, is still more inadequate, as has also been proved, and, having no Army reserve, we have nq third line. The deficien cies' of our land forces render it the more imperatively necessary that our sea forces be brought up to the high est state of strength and efficiency. That done, we might, in case of threat ened Invasion, gain time to organize our land forces by a vigorous defense at sea. Since the new Danish constitution gives women full national suffrage we nay expect to see "the home" speed ly broken up in that unhappy coun try. The women will all become homely, masculine and forward and the men will lose their chivalry. Such are the inescapable consequences of woman suffrage according to the antis. It is well known that not a solitary home, survives the deluge in either Oregon or Washington. The Canadian troops are said to have fought with incredible heroism at the battle of Ypres. The Independ ent recounts their valor jubilantly and exclaims with pride that they "are our near relatives." Everybody likes to be first cousin to a good fighter. especially if he is amicably disposed. The 3000-mile frontier without forts or soldiers speaks very well for the peaceable qualities both of our neigh bors and ourselves. "Farmer" Smith, of the O.-W. R. & N., says the country home should have all the comforts and conveniences of the city home. Granted; but by the time the farmer is able to have all these, or thinks he is able, the chil dren are grown and gone and the old folks sell and move into town. The comforts and conveniences", are for field and barn first and the home suffers. The "war" between the wood deal ers and the city will draw no tears from neutrals. The longer it continues the lower prices will fall and the more householders will smile. This war means blazing fires next Winter, com fort for grandma and warm feet for the children. We hope no Peace So ciety will interfere' with it. Omaha has a city election today to choose a Mayor and Commissioners. Mayor Dahlman, has served three terms, nine years, and it is expected will be re-elected. Omaha is one of the few large cities that believe in keeping a good man in office. The idea is well-founded and all needed is to get the right man. Tammany is making arrangements to move Into a new building farther up town. Its present quarters are on Fourteenth street. The new ones will be above Forty-second street. Quite a jump. If the society Improves in morals a degree for every block it moves it will become fairly saintly in its new home. Those 68 German warships which were seen by a merchant captain in the North Sea must have been the mosquito fleet, two units of which were . sunk by British destroyers to avenge one of their number sunk by a submarine. The gillnet fishermen cannot work every night in the year, but when he does he makes money too big to be classed as wages or salary. The man who took in seven tons of salmon the other night is an instance. One of the newest patrolmen neg lected to put on his nasal silencer and the sergeant trailed the scent of the snore to a garage. That is where the officer on a suburban beat has the advantage. One does not have to believe that hailstones as big as baseballs fell in Missouri Sunday. The Missourians might leave a little to the Imagina tion. When the Queen of England enter tains a couple of card sharpers un awares, we can conceive how the war has mixed the classes in Europe. The story of how the English flirt settled matters with the survivors of the six Tommies she sent to the front would make an interesting sequel. The passage of the navy of peace up the Columbia River is the only kind of naval victory the Pacific Northwest desires. An American flag seems to be in distinguishable from the Union Jack when seen by a German submarine in British waters. Germany holds more than a mil lion prisoners and would be glad of a million more. Young Sayre cried at his christen ing and that will offset the hoodoo ,n the name. Portland has queens who for charm will match any in the old world. The Iron ring stands for patriotism and humanity. Did you have a clean-up shave this morning? Get your flytrap at once. Twenty-Five Years Ago From The Oresonian, May 4, .1890. Washington Senator James R. Beck, of Jventutcky, dropped dead at the Bal- I timore and Potomac station yesterday. He had just arrived from New York, accompanied by his daughter, rs. Uoodloe. London Mr. McAllister. of Dumbar ton, is building; for Robert Wylie, of the Clyde Yacht Club, a 23-foot yacht to be called the Volunteer. It is to be fitted with a centerboard. It is not designed especially for racing, but may go to New York for the races. Washington Representative Her mann, of Oregon, in a controversy with Representative Cannon, of the appro priations committee, over the appro priation for Oregon, scored the Admin istration for its system of. false econ omy. The Northwest postoffice facili ties were held to be far short of the public demand. The Oregonian this morning has a front-page illustrated article on tho growth of one of Portland's important industries, the Hogan & Speddy har ness and saddlery factory, tffe most complete establishment of its kind on the Coast. Salem John A. Goier. of Pendleton, A. I. Gates, of Oreton, and H. W. Hicks, of Portland, were appointed notaries public yesterday. Thomas W. Folsom, of New York, was named Commissioner of Deeds for Oregon. It has been three or four years since R. S. Perkins assumed charge of the Holton House, and, although in that time Mr. Holton has had no connection with the house, Mr. Perkins has re tained the name as the Holton House. A reporter discovered yesterday that just now steps are being taken to change the name of the Hotel Perkins Arthur Perkins will continue as man ager. James Stevenson, the Colorado min ing expert who is associated with E. Quackenbush, A. M. Cornelius and oth ers in mines in Grant County, is in the city for a few tlays. MAIL. SERVICE! ROT SATISFACTORY Eagle Valley and Sparta IMntrlct to Send la w Petition. RICHLAND. Or., May 1. (To the Editor.) For over B0 years a mail service was operated between Eagle Valley and Baker, serving Sparta and other small places along the line, a distance of 45 miles. About a year ago the line was shortened so that it ex tends from Baker to Sparta only. An Sparta is but ten milea from Eagle Valley, nearly all the trading up to that time was done at New Bridge and Richland; since the mail route was changed the greater portion is done at Baker and through the mail order houses. The mail service, as now established. means that a letter mailed from Eagle Valley addressed to Sparta must first go to Robinette, a distance of It miles thence to Huntington, over 45 miles; thence to Baker, another 45 miles; then to hparta,- over 30 miles farther. Numerous petitions have been sent to the Postoffice Department asking that the old service be established, but no attention has been paid to them, in spite of the fact that the Government is paying more for the new service than for the old. The Eagle Valley News, published at Richland, in Eagle Valley, recently ran a series of articles in its columns set ting forth facts and figures as to why the present service is a detriment to the country and works a hardship on the settlers in the Sparta district, and I herewith give a synopsis of some of the facts set forth therein: , Fifty years ago Eagle Valley could boast of only one postoffice, now there are two. Sparta then was only a small mining camp, but at present, besides its mining interests, has -become the center of one of the moat rapidly growing agricultural communities in Baker Kounty. The Government sent a representative out to investigate the star route service between Baker, Keating, Sparta, New Bridge, Richland and Robinette, but the report must have been very perfunctory and diametrically at variance with indus trial conditions and the petitions sub mitted to the department. It is raid that the "investigation report" stated that there was not "more than three families between Sparta and New Bridge who would be benefited: the roads rough, rocky and difficult to travel.' As a matter of fact there are 20 to 25 families on and near the mail route as traveled between these two points, and new settlers are locating on vacant land rapidly. As to the roads, automobiles have traveled them every month the present year, though, of course, not as common in January as in- other months. The contract for the service between Sparta and Eagle Val ley can be let for J1000 per annum, which is very reasonable anu less per mile than for other contracts in this county. Another petition is being circulated which will be sent to the Honorable Fourth Assistant Postmaster-General, M. M. McLain, which department has the letting of all postal routes, their extensions, etc.,. and it is hoped that the citizens will be more fortunate this time and the old route will be re-estab lished. T. Ithlnehart Family Reunion. JACKSONVILLE. Or., April 2T. (To the Editor.) 1 understand there ia a gathering of Rhinebarts each year in Oregon. W ill you kindly publish some information about them and where they meet this summer and to whom to report. I think Mrs. Rhine hart and I are entitled to be among them as we landed in San Francisco, Cal., May 27. 1860. via the Isthmus, We left New York May 5, 1860, and were twenty-two and a half days on the way, on the Northern Light on the Atlantic and the John L. btevens on this side. .1. B. RHINEHART The meeting of the members of the Rhinehart Family, which Is an annual eventamong the people of that name in the Northwest, wfll be held this year at Salem in June. The gather ing will start about the fifteenth of that month and last for five days, those attending camping out together during that period. T. A. Rhinehart, of Salem. pronI nent member of the family, will have charge of the entertainment. This will consist of addresses, and pro grammes of a varied character. It is expected that about 73 members of the family from Oregon, Washington and Idaho will be present. Hu Irr Are Covslas. PORTLAND, May S. (To the Ed Itor.) Kindly inform me if King George of England is any relation to the Emperor of Germany and if so what? IS. C. r l'LTZ, They are cousins. Emperor Will iam's mother. Princess Victoria, was Queen Victoria's daughter. Queen Vic toria was the mother of King George's father, Edward VII. V-n With Tiro Trade. Tuck. Willis How is your son dolnu thei-e days? Gillls Fine! He goes over to Swampburs: two evening a week and pulls out $150 for teaching the new dances. Then, rt course, he gets hi $1.!5 every day from the street clean ing department. JUST POWER! OF (iOVEHA.MEST America Aeruea of Not' Almn Gain lux Comseat of Governed. PORTLAND. May 3. (To the Edi tor.) In an editorial comment upon the women's peace conference you have had occasion, again to refer to what you are pleased to term the American prin ciple that governments derive their just powers from the consent of the governed, etc. I suppose that this is so, since Thomas Jefferson inserted it in the Declaration of Independence, but, nevertheless. It is a statement that calls for explanation when applied to prac tical American affairs. Did the white races of Europe aslc the consent of the native inhabitants of America when they took possession of their country and proceeded to ex terminate them" Did the American colonies ask con sent of the French inhabitants of Canada when they aided Orcat Britain in tho conquest of that country? Did the United states consult the wishes of the French inhabitants of Ixjulsiana when they took possession of that territory, or did they not trade for it and Its people with Napoleon an settle upon a cash basis? Did the United States obtain the consent of the native inhabitants when they annexed what now are Oklalioma, New Mexico, Arizona. Nevada and Cali fornia after a successful war of con quest? What about our Civil War? Did not the Southern people unanimously voice their wishes as to Government in leg islative assembly and on battlefield and were not their wishes ignored when they were beaten prostrate and forced to submit to a Government most hu miliating to them? The people of the United States are hardly in a position to cry out in righteous indignation at the treatment accorded to Alsace and Lorraine or any similar foreign episode. Like every other nation known to history, the United States came into being through the medium of war amid the din and tumult of battle. American independ ence was won not by the ballot-box but by the Army. Like every other na. tion of size and consequence, the United States has nourished its growth upon the spoils of combat and therefore. when we are disposed to speak of the "consent of the governed"' as an American principle, we would do well to remember that in all our land then is scarcely an acre that has not. at one time or another, in one way or another, been wrested by force of arms from an unwilling people. lour Intimation that democracy Is a cure of war is not borne out by recorded history. Your support of the criticism directed against professional diplomacy speaks its own condemnation. for, if the editor of a great newspaper can so far overlook the basl funda mental forces that brought about the present war as to consider it merely the result of the machinations of designing statesmen, it is hardly probable that a popular referendum would furnish a satisfactory solution to the deep and complex problems of in ternational relationship. As lor the foolish women now as sembled at The Haeue, they have already received more notice than they deserve. However worthy their motives, they can accomplish nothing and they are only less ridiculous than the men and newspapers who accord to their hysteria serious consideration.- DENNIS C. PILLSBCRY. The principle of the consent of the governed ia an ideal at which the American people have aimed and to the realization of which they have mad a closer approach than any other na tion. They never professed to apply it to savages like the Indians, nor did they admit the right of a few wander ing bands of savages to keep a whole continent as a preserve in which to hunt wild beasts and. each other. There is a higher right that of the human race to cultivate the earth and enjoy its fruits. The same right Justifies our other acquisitions. Consent of the governed must neces sarily be the decision of the majority, which was disputed by the South in tho Civil War. The South disputed that decision and the North upheld the principle by up holding the decision. . Secret diplomacy certainly was the immediate cause of the war, though the primary cause must be sought for deeper. We never proposed such an absurdity as a popular referendum on diplomatic questions. In his haste to criticise, Mr. Pillsbury has not read our. article correctly. It ill becomes any man to speak with flippant contempt of a body of women at whose head stands so noble and so wise a woman as Jane Addams. If all their words and acta thould not be wise, their sorrows should exempt them from the flings of one who assumes that news which falls to meet his ap proval will interest nobody. Auto Drivers To Care Iran. PORTLAND, May 3. (To the Ed itor.) In The Oregonian Monday you gave account of several being killed outright and many maimed for life by automobiles running wild on the streets of the city. It is time that a halt wan called on tho average driver. As I understand it the highest courts of the land have decided that the pedestrian has first rights on all street crossings. If this is correct, why are not the great host of men, women and children protected in that rlsht? This morning, at Third and Morrison, a streetcar came around the corner and directly behind it came three auto close up, blocking all foot travel. I am not a kicker against autos, as I have owned one. but they must be ker within their rights and the persons who are walking must not he slaugh tered right and left by some driver who thinks lie is the whole thing and is backed up by supposed law. One thing is certain: If the larcre clas.4 of citizens tiiat walk the streets are not shown more consideration In the near future, tbere will be n inw passed to compel these auto drivers to keep within five miles per hour. MRS. ED CRAIO. War Hops In Re-erf PORTLAND, May 2. (To the Editor.) Kindly inform me of the different elements contained in hops, which are used in connection with beer brewing. J. HANSTEDT. Lupulln and tannin, but lupulin Ir the more necessary beer ingredient. It is a yellowish, resinous, aromatic sub stance, which not only imparts most of the bitter flavor to beer, but contains preservative resins which are unfavor able to the growth of lactic ferments but not to the true yeast of beer. Hops both flavor and preserve beer. Free Medical Advler. PORTLAND. May t. (To the Editor.) I am a widow trying to rear two small children and as the youngest has enlarged tonsils and coughs all tho time I would like to ask if there is any place to have his throat treated. I sm not able to pay a doctor bill. I fear this little one has adepoids. but h.ive no wsy of finding out. He is 4. AN ANXIOUS MOTHER. Yes. Apply to County Physician Dr. E. F. Geary, Selling building, city, or direct to Multnomah County Hospital. They Most Keen Domestics. Houston (Texas) Post. "Do you keep any servants'.'" "No. of course not." "Hut I thought I saw one in your kitchen?" "Oh, we have servants on the premises a day or two at a time; but we don't keep them." Half a Century Ago From The Oregon. an. May 4. H65. We have become so ui-cd to hearing croakers announce that the National debt amounts to 4..u(MiOU.n'0 that wo are surprised to read tho figures fur nished by Secretary Feesendcil to tho committee on wad and mentis bringing matters down to .late. Tho whole amount of debt and olliCHtton out standing footed up at les than f2.20 -000.000. of which les timil S 1. TOO. 000, 000 is bearing Interest, tne wnoie intrrcM. amounting to about 9;:,ooo.ooo per an num. This is a statement in brief of the National finance from which there cannot be much variation at tmx time. The present- amount of our debt is scarce more than half the sum of tho National debt of Great Britain, wh'lo the ultimate resources and recuperativ.j powers of the United Slates will niaitu Its prosperity and ability to cxtinBTUisli tills incumbrance a thing of caster ac complishment than with any other na tion on earth. victoria. i. i ii e mirt in w seinbiy of Vancouver Island adopted tl.e Following resolution on jiiuibu.ij, "i"" 20 : "Resolved, That tliiH house, taking into consideration tlie 3 real calamity wnn-n nan neianen tne tniie riaira and tho rest of the world in the aas- siiia-Lion ot juraiiaiu i.i.it:.iii, uven - Journ until tomorrow as a mark of re spect to the memory of the great de parted, the thief of a Nation connected by the nearest ties with our own and glorying in tho same orlKln, the same . traditions and the same freedom." Washington For reducing expensea of the military establishment the War Department has ordered cifiefs of the respect ive busines.-es of the department to proceed immediately to reduce tho cost of operation in their respective bu reaus to what Is absolutely necessary, in view of the immediate reduction of the forces in the Held and Garrisons and the speedy termination of hostilities. James N. Oillman and family, of this city, take their departure for the Eat this evening by the steamer Oregon, In tending to be absent in Massachusetts and other parts of New England for a few monthw. Mr. Gillman Is what may be denominated a Forty-niner, and one of the original steamboat men of tho raclflo side. On Saturday we leisurely took a stroll into on of our favorite resorts n,nd found Mr. Dalton had quite improved the place since our last visit by bepa rating the geese and birds of the mu seum from his gentlemen and ladles of the gallery. Hay & Wallaco yesterday shipped r. number of very large wagons for the milling freight trade from their manu factory on Front street, which were attached in one train, makinir a very handsome appearance and speaking vol umes in favor of our home tucchaiiH-ji. Wells, Fargo & Co. have recently Im ported a line truck from San Francisco, which made its first appearance on the street yesterday. It is well finished, with four wheels, and is calculated for one horse. It is capable of hearing two and a half tons, and cost J460. The little hearts of scholars In tho East Portland schools hounded with Joy as they disported themselves in May day festivities. A proclamation has been issued by the War Department declaring that all persons who have deserted tho military or naval service of the United States who have not returned to service within CO . days shall have relinquished all rights to citizenship. Oregon City The following were elected to city offices last Monday: Forbes Barclay, Mayor; J. D. Locey, Re corder; W. V. Buck. A. L. Lovejoy. Chris Taylor. AVilliani Barlow, C T, Ixicey, Thomas Churiuan, 'ouncl 1 men r W. C Johnson, Treasurer; W. 1'. Burns. , Assessor and Collector. Forbes Bar clay, the Mayor, was elected Superin tendent of Schools also. Thomas Miller was named Material. W. JJ. Johnson was chosen City Attorney and John Mel burn Street Commissioner. German Frontier Defenses Necessary. PORTLAND. May 3. (To the Edi tor.) It is to laugh, to read in the newspapers articles of wise men in which they try to explain that the United States has practically no de fensive works along the Canadian bor der and then denounce Germany for its defensive works. These men either don't know what they aro talking about or else they do not want to tell the truth. lo you think it possible that Germany would be the Germany of today If It wasn't for its defensive works? Th little) Ger many, with Its 70.0oo.000 population crowded in between France and Rus sia, could have never existed without its defenses and militarism. Then talk about the United States, a country about 20 times as his in area as Germany, with only 100.000.000 population. Now suppose the t'nitrd States would have as many people per square mile as Germany, why. good bye Canada there would be no Can ada. Or Is the United States afraid of Canada ever attacking us or. for that matter. Mexico. It Is Just like a giant between a couple of dwarfs. KARL. WERNER. 1167 East Washington street. t'tlllty Companies niamra. PORTLAND, May '2. (To the fcJditor.) Public utility companies have been tearing up hard-surface pavements in the business section of this city for th last threo years or more. Just as they deem lit. without the consent of the property owners, who have nothing to say. Some blocks have been cut up as many as three times in one year. Now. owing to poor work, they are full of bad holes and depressions, where the cuts were made, and the city naturally wants, them repaired, and put In thu same condition as they were previous to being cut up. Why should the property owners have to stand this extra expense. a; I undc.r atand will be the case on Hroadway, be tween Morrison and Stark, which is in a bad condition in places, and for which improvement is now asked? lias the city no protection for the owners in the way of a bond or maintenance con tract similar to that given by the pav ing companies, which provide for a number of years' protection? If there Is any redress, why not enforce it? Such proceedins or toiid it Ions art! certainly not benctiiial as an Induce ment for investments In Portland real estate by outside capita! a well as local. F. O. NO I'. Till: CP. Friend ever on Time. Baltimore American. "Why did you say 'the late Mr. Bims'? Hiraa Isn't dead." "t know lie. isn't." "Then why did you speak of him as your late friend'.'" "Beriusu he's never on time" Summer Drese Already the light dresses of Sum mer are in demand the linens and lingeries, the dainty voiles and cot tons. One must dress in tunc with the acaflon. Fashion and comfort must both be served. The t-torcs are now showing the advance Summer stylos. They arc most Interesting places to visit. The best guide ax to where to eo to see the new styles the adver tising in The Oredonian.