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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (April 22, 1915)
VOL,. LV.-NO. 10,976. PORTLrAND, OREGON, THURSDAY, APRIL. 22, 1915. PRICE FIVE CEXTS. WILSON ANSWERS GERMAN PROTEST Unneutrality of Embar go Reasserted. NO RIGHT IS SURRENDERED Suggestion Made That Ambas sador Impugns Motive. ISSUE, HOWEVER, WAIVED Keply Assumes Von Bernstorff Is Laboring Vndcr "Certain False Impressions" rrcsident Pens "ote, Bryan Signs It. WASHINGTON. April 21. The United States Government replied today to the recent memorandum in which Count von Bernstorff. the German Ambas sador, declared, that "if the American people, desire to observe true neutral ity, they will find means to stop the exclusive importation of arms to one ride, or at least to use this export trade as a means to uphold the legitimate trade with Germany, especially the trade in foodstuffs." The American Note, which is signed by Secretary Bryan, was drafted at the State Department, but was finally penned by President Wilson himself. Falie ImpresMlon . Sugareated. After pointing out that the language used by Count von Bernstorff is suscep tible of being: construed as impugning the good faith of the United States in the performance of its duties as a neutral," the note "takes it for granted that no such implication was intended" and suggests that evidently the Ger man ambassador "is laboring under certain false impressions." It is then declared that while the relations of the United States with any one of the belligerents "cannot wisely be made a subject of discussion with & third government." such correspond ence between the United States and the allies as has been published shows "the steadfast refusal" of the govern ment "to acknowledge the right of any belligerent to alter the accepted rules of war at sea insofar as they affect the rights and interests of neutrals." Emfeirct Held Unmenrral. The attitude of the United States on the question of exportations of arms is restated namely, that to place any embargo on arms during the progress of a war would be "a direct violation of the neutrality of the United States." The note refers to the spirit of friend ship which the United States desires always to manifest toward Germany and its people, and concludes with the declaration that the neutrality of the United States is founded upon the firm basis of conscience and good will." The communication was delivered by messenger to Count von Bernstorff late today and by mutual arrangement with the German Embassy, the State Depart ment made it public tonight. Omission In Noie rotated Out. The text of the note follows: "Excellency: I have given thought ful consideration to your excellency's note of the fourth of April, 1915, enclos ing a memorandum of the same date, in which your excellency discusses the ac tion of this Government with regard to trade between the United States and Germany, and the attitude of this Gov. ernment with regard to the exportation of arms from the United States to the nations now at war with Germany. "I must admit that I am somewhat at a loss how to interpret your excel lency's treatment of these matters. There are many circumstances connect ed with these Important subjects to which I would have expected your ex cellency to advert, but of which you make no mention, and there are other circumstances to which you refer which 1 would have supposed hardly appro priate for discussion between the Gov ernment of the United States and the Government of Germany. Language' Assumed to Be Illustrative. "I shall take the liberty, therefore, of regarding your excellency's references to the course pursued by the Govern ment of the United States with regard to interferences with trade from this country, such as the government of Great Britain has attempted, as Intend ed merely to illustrate more fully the situation to which you desire to call our attention and not as an invitation to discuss that course. Tour excel lency's long experience in Internation al affairs will have suggested to you that the relations of the two govern ments with one another cannot wisely be made a subject of discussion with a third government, which cannot be fully informed as to the facts and which cannot be fully cognizant of the reasons for the course pursued. "I believe, however. I am Justified in assuming that what you desire to call forth is a frank statement of the posi tion of this Government in regard to its obligations as a neutral power. The general attitude and course of policy of this Government, in the maintenance of its neutrality, I am particularly anxious that Tour Excellency should see in their true light. American Position Already Clear. "I had hoped that this Government's position in these respects had been made abundantly clear, but I am, of course, perfectly willing to state it again. This seems to me the more necessary and desirable because, I re (Concluded on I'age J. Column a.) RUMOR IS BUELOW ADMITS FAILURE KOJEE INTERVENTION REPORT ED FORECAST BY GERMAN. Kaiser's Ambassador and - Italian Premier Quoted as Saying Re spective Nations Will Do Duty. ROME, via Paris, April 21. The Messaggero toaay publishes an inter view with Senator Riccardo Carafa, which gives a pessimistic forecast of the outcome of the negotiations be tween Italy and Austria. ' The newspaper says the Senator, who is a frequent caller at the house of Prince von Buelow, the German Am bassador to Rome, makes the state ment that he heard from the Prince, "a confession" which was substantially as follows: "Unfortunately the Italian-Austrian conversations are not proceeding sat isfactorily. Their failure will be fol lowed by a rupture between Rome and Vienna. This will be regretted in Ger many. I am sorry to affirm that in this sad eventuality Germany will do her duty to the end by the side of Austria." Continuing, Senator Carafa declared that he repeated his conversation to Premier Salandra. who did not seem surprised at it- On the contrary, he said to the Senator: "Impelled by the paramount interests of our country, we will proceed vith our duty against all our -antagonists." BRITON PATROLS PACIFIC Darkened Warship Throws Lights on Two Vessels, Trails Another. EUREKA. Cal.. April 21. The steamers I". A. Kilburn and W. H. Murphy, which arrived today from San Francisco, reported that a vessel with four smoke stacks, all lights ex tinguished, threw its searchlight on them late Tuesday night off Point Arena. The steamers' captains were unable to discover the nationality of the vessel. SAN FRANCISCO, April 21. A British cruiser is reported outside the Golden Gate by Captain Brennan of the coast steamer Admiral Farragut, which ar rived in port early today. Captain Brennan says the cruiser trailed his vessel down the coast from midnight until he was off Point Bonita early today. The cruiser maintained a distance of between 10 and 15 miles from the Admiral Farragut, which .made It impossible to make out her name. MRS. STORY IS ELECTED Daughters of Revolution Give President-General Big Majority. WASHINGTON, April 21. Mrs. Wil liam Cumming Story, of New York, was tonight re-elected president-general of the Daughters of the American Revo lution over Mrs. George Thatcher Guernsey, of Kansas, by a vote of 695 to 461. Balloting continued .until near mid night. From early morning the 1203 members of the congress filed through the 'polling place, where voting ma chines had been installed. Supporters of Mrs. Story and Mrs. Guernsey elec tioneered vigorously until the last mo ment. FINES. END PUPILS' STRIKE One Thousand Quit School When Principal Is Let Out. TONKERS, N. T., April 21. The strike among the 1000 pupils of public school No. 20, who refused to attend school because William S. Maxon, their former principal, failed to be reappoint ed, collapsed today, when 13 of the boy strikers were fined $2 each by City Judge Bcall. Seven of the lads had spent a night of reflection in Jail and promised today to go back to school. Mr. Maxson himself was partly re sponsible for ending the trouble. He went among the pupils urging them to go back to their desks. MINES BLOW UP TARGETS Practice by Troops at Eort Stevens Shows Deadly Precision. ASTORIA, Or.. April 21. (Special.) The submarine mine-flrtng practice by the troops at Fort Stevens was held this afternoon and -was a success in every way. Two mines, each loaded with 120 pounds of guncotton, were fired, j The targets which were only two by six feet, were towed through the nine field while the firing was done from the observation tower ashore. The first mine wrecked the target while the second one blew the target to fragments, pieces of it being blown fully 200 feet in the air. MILITARY CREDIT REFUSED Hungarian Chamber's Sitting De scribed as Gloomy One. LONDON. April 22. A Paris dis- dispatch to the Central News says that the opening session of the Hungarian chamber was a gloomy sitting. Thej cnamDer reiusea to vote the new mill tary credits demanded by the general staff. The attempt of Count Tisza, the premier, to break down the opposition was futile. German Potash Cargo Arrives. WILMINGTON, N. C. April 21. The American steamer L. V. Stoddard is here today from Rotterdam with 2200 tons of muriate of potash. This la tne first cargo of German potash received here since the European war began, COLONEL TELLS OF POLITICAL DEALS Free Hand Given Mur phy by Barnes. BI-PARTY ALLIANCE CHARGED Barnes Admitted Conceding Senatorship, Witness Says. ALL MALICE IS DENIED Ex-President Adds That Piatt Also Sought Control and That Plaintiff in Suit Justi fied His Action. SYRACUSE, N. T April 21. Theo dore Roosevelt spent five hours on the witness stand in the Supreme Court here today in telling of what he said he believed to be the inside story of machine politics and boss rule in New York State. By so doing the ex-President hoped to convey to the jury which is trying the suit William Barnes brought against him for alleged libel, the im pression that he was entirely justified in criticising Mr. Barnes as he did. Reliable Information Asserted. He swore that he had been reliably informed that the "Murphy Democrats" and the "Barnes Republicans," the lat ter under the leadership of Mr. Barnes, united on more than one occasion to defeat the plans of Independent men of both parties in the State Legislature. Mr. Barnes told William Loeb, Jr., the witness emphatically declared, that he had an ironclad agreement with Charles F. Murphy, of Tammany Hall, to aUow the latter a free hand to se lect a United States Senator. Mr. Loeb was private secretary to Colonel Roosevelt when he was Presi dent and later he was Collector of the Port of New York. . Barnes. SMe With Piatt.' The witness told in great detail of his dealings with the late Senator Piatt, the man he had described as the "easy boss." Piatt, the Colonel assert ed, attempted to dictate the man he, as Governor of the state of New York, should appoint to be superintendent of public works. But, said Colonel Roose velt, with a considerable display of pride, when he told Mr. Barnes of the conversation, he added that he didn't intend (any man should say who he should appoint to office. Mr. Barnes, however, sided with Mr. Piatt, saying that the leader of the organization should have complete control of it, the witness swore. Malice Toward Barnes Denied. The Colonel gave what he repre sented to be the details of his con versations with and what he had been Informed were the actions of Mr. Barnes in regard to direct primaries legisla tion, race track legislation and opposi- (Concluded on Page 2, Column 2.) JfcKA;s?n . ' (fiance, now - , " J?CLS ' VA"SZ) A ( IT MIX ON k cmo. HE) I OUT OP BELGIUM. rJ) (THIS PtEVEMGE. I is Supreme f FRANCIS CTOSEPH A ( AS FO(? YOU CTOHV BULL . -"Tl J ALBERT i ) I yOU'RF TOO I JHOGOPWrW'5 iffT fSOIAYOU GlT ? OJ.O TO MIX IMTH LCVUST, CUT OUY THS J f j Ij ' UP AHO MOW THIS KUSJlAti tf?rrWA kui.S f , .7 I STOP IT' ' I THE WAVS ,1) JATLAAM U-to i vA18"rr V "r'E I L'Stl it ussmnw j INDEX OF TODAY'S NEWS The Weather. YESTERDAY'S Maximum temperature. 63.2 degrees; minimum, 37 degrees. TODAY'S Fair; northeasterly winds. War Allies win victories over Germans In Equa torial colony of Kamerun. Page 2. Ammunition used - by British at Keuve Chapelle equals total expended In Boer war. Pace S. Slight advantage of day's fighting on west ern front rests with Germans. Page 2. Three thousand Russians captured by Aus trians. Page 3. German Ambassador at Rome reported to have admitted failure. Page 1. European air thick with diplomatic rumors, while battles in France are delayed, says Will Irwin. Page 1. National. Wilson replies to German protest in which embargo against allies was suggested Page 1. President Wilson pictures 'China awakened by voice of Christ. Page 4. lomeetlc. Colonel Roosevelt says Barnes admitted promising Murphy free hand in naming Senator. Page 1. Southern beauty who, until recently, was blind, works hard to aid sightless. Page 3. Sport. Pacific Coast League results Salt Lake 5. Portland 8 (14 Innings); Oakland 5, I-os Angeles 1 ; Venice-San Kranclsco game postponed, rain. Page 12. Oregon track athletes to have Interclass meet Saturday. Page 13. Phillies win sixth straight game. Page 12. Pacific Northwest. Heads of schools of journalism to meet at Oregon May 21-22. Page 7. McMlnnville couple celebrates sixtieth wed ding anniversary. Page 4. Commercial and Marine. Eastern buyers may drain Northwest of wheat surplus. Page 17., Chicago wheat market unsettled, by foreign developments. Page 17. Coppers are strongest features of Wall street market. Page 17. Hawaiian late In arriving, due to heavy weather. Page 14. Portland and Vicinity. Sir Thomas G. Shaughneesy, president of Canadian pacific, duo here tomorrow. Page iy. Miss Wilberta Babbidge to represent Wil lamette River at canal celebration. Page 11. Roosevelt to confine efforts to defeat "Presi dent Wilson, says Oregon Republican committeeman. Page 7. City Council takes up other work as pe titioner pleads for relief from water rent system. Page 18. New films offered. Page.lt. County is urged to do own paving at cost of 60 cents. Page 17. OREGON HAS 17,000 CARS Licenses to Date in 1915 Exceed Total Issue for 1911. SALEM, Or., April 21. (Special.) Secretary of State Olcott announced today that approximately 17,000 auto mobiles, more than 2400 motorcycles and 2300 chauffeurs had been furnished licenses this year, and he believed that motor vehicle registrations for the en tire year would reach 22,000. There were 18,547 motor vehicles, 2898 motor cycles and 1800 chauffeurs registered last year. Mr. Olcott thinks the increase in chauffeur licenses is a result of the Jitney bus. BISHOP SUMNER HONORED 111 Prelate Attends Reception, Then Returns to Hospital. Bishop Walter Taylor Sumner was honored last night at a reception given by the Episcopal Social Service League, who received the social workers of the city in Trinity parish-house. This was the bishop's first appearance in pub lic since his recent illnesB. Immediately after the gathering he returned to Good Samaritan Hospital. He will keep all the appointments he has made, refraining, however, from preaching until his throat is better. A DREAM OF PEACE. PROFIT TO RAILWAY IN GRAKtfRTED Statistician Says Aver age Is 66 Per Cent. FARMERS YOICE OBJECTIONS Proposed Advance of Cent Per 100 Pounds Protested. 4 ROADS TAKEN AS BASIS Traffic Estimated as Worth More to Companies Than Average of AH Other Cost of Moving Car Virtually Uniform. CHICAGO, April 21. Statistics of operating expense and freight revenue on four leading Western railroads were presented today before W. M. Daniels, Interstate Commerce Commissioner, to support the objections of the National Council Farmers' Co-Operatlve Associa tion to a proposed, advance of 1 cent a hundred pounds in the grain and grain product freight rates, which are among the increases asked by 41 West ern railroad systems on certain com modities. The tabulated figures were compiled by Jean Paul Muller. an expert rate case statistician, formerly connected, with the statistical department of the Interstate Commerce Commission. Grain Traffic Profitable. After reviewing In detail the meth ods he used in assembling the figures showing gross profilt and operating ex penses of railroads, Mr, Muller said: "It is my opinion that grain traffic is more profitable to these four carriers, the Rock Island, the Santa Fe, the Bur lington and tha St. Taul roads, than the average of all other traffic carried by them." His deductions were made from re ports and statistics furnished him by the railroad officials. In the review of the Chicago, Rock iBland ' & Pacific operating expenses and revenue, Mr. Muller declared. "The total road cost divided by the reported number of loaded freight car miles, with an allowance for the cost of empty return haul figured at 40 per cent of the loaded gives a road move ment cost per loaded car per mile of 59.28 cents. Cost 35, Ilevenae 58.32 per Car. "The average haul, as determined by the examination of the movement of 8731 cars between various Western states, was 359 miles. This mileage. multiplied by the road haul cost per mile, gives a total average road haul cost on grain and grain products of $24.87 per car. Adding to this a total terminal movement cost of 110.13 per car, gives a total expense of $35 a car. The average revenue Is $58.32 per car. "The net operating revenue Is, there fore, equivalent to a gross prorit of 66.66 per cent at an operating ratio of 60.01 per cent, as compared with (Concluded on Page 3, Column 4.) Wednesdays War Moves THE British expeditionary force in France, which at the beginning of the war consisted of six divisions, has been increased to more than 36 divi sions, or, roughly speaking, 750,000 men, according to a statement made by David Lloyd-George, Chancellor of the Exchequer, in the House of Com mons today. The Chancellor added that the place of every man who had fallen in battle had been filled and that the army was adequately equipped. He reiterated the need for a greater supply of munitions, declaring that during the battle of Neuve Chapelle more ammunition was used than in the whole of the South African war, which lasted nearly three years. The interesting information afso was given that the output of the munition factories had been increased more than 19-fold since the outbreak of the war, but the call was still for more, and as Mr. Lloyd -George continues to hold the opinion that consumption of liquor is interfering with the work, he prom ised legislation to deal with this ques tion. The figures made public by the Chan cellor as to the size of the British army in France and the expenditure of ammunition has caused a great sur prise in England, where the opinion has been general that about half that number of men had reached the front, especially as there has been no sign of any decrease in the number of khaki-clad men training in this coun try. It is likely that many of the new men have already been under fire, as the Germans are making repeated attempts to recapture hill 60, near Ypres, which the British took on Sunday, and have, according to Field Marshal French's report, been repulsed with great loss. There has been activity at many other points along the western front and Berlin, which is more communi cative than Paris, says that the Ger mans have made progress in the forest of Le Petre, near St. Mihiel, and reports the repulse of French attacks in other sections from Champagne to Alsace. The Russian advance in the Carpa thians has now apparently come to a full stop, for reports from that region Bpeak only of attempted attacks, whlcfc were repulsed both in the mountains and In the direction of Stry. The Aus-tro-Germans have made an outflanking effort to offtet this latter movement It is stated from ot.'ier sources tr-at the Austrian; have virtually evacuated Bukowina. Berlin supplies details, heretofore lacking, of a British reverse in German East Africa in January, when a Brit ish force was defeated near Jassini and lost heavily in men and . ammunition. Tne other colonial wars are reported to be going well for the allies, prog ress being steadily maintained in Kamerun and German Southwest Af rica. The British have also had to deal with a raid against Indian territory, on the northern border of the Peshawur Valley, undertaken by 000 men in command of a fanatical Mullah. After a few hours' fighting, in which the British suffered 70 casualties, the raid ers were dispersed. In Mesopotamia the British are pur suing the defeated Turks and have oc cupied Kakhailah, from which place the Turks fled last week. The Turks also are being attacked from the Black iea, the Russian fleet having again been out and dt-stroyed 10 Turkish supply vessels ar.d bombarded Arhava. From every side comes news of the activity of the air fleets, which have been busy bombarding towns and mili tary rtations behind the lines of the armies. The British claim to have dam aged a German airship harbor at Ghent. ASTRONOMER IS REWARDED University' of California Professor Gets Watson Medal. BERKELEY, Cal., April 21. Pro fessor Armia O. Leuschner, director of the astronomical observatory of the University of California, was notified in a telegram received today that the Watson medal for astronomical re search work has been awarded to him by the National Academy of Sciences now in session at Washington, I). C. Professor Leuschner is the seventh re cipient of the honor within 35 years and Is said to be the second American to receive the medal. S. p. Chandler, editor of the Astro nomical Journal, is the other American possessor of the medal. GIRL BRANDED BY WOMEN Assailants Attack. 15-Year-Old Child After $1000 Is Demanded. CONNELSV1LLE. Pa., April 21. Martha Schultz. 13-year-old daughter of a well-to-do farmer, was last night attacked by two masked women in the outskirts of Connellsvillc. One of the. women held Miss Suhultz while the other pressed on each cheek the un corked neck of a bottle filled with acid. Several weeks ago Miss Schultz re ceived a letter ordering her to place $1000 and a gold watch in a secluded spot. She Ignored the letter. AIRMEN RAID EAST PRUSSIA Bombs Drop In Three Towns; Ger mans Retaliate in Poland. LONDON'. April 21. Soldau, Gum blnnen and Insterburg, all East Prus sian towns, have been bombarded dur ing the last two days by Itusvt&n avi ators. The extent of the damage has not been reported. German aerial warriors retaliated by dropping 150 bombs on Bialystok and Ciechanow, Russian Poland, "killing and wounding civilians," according to a. Petrograd dispatch. SOMETHING DELAYS BATTLES IN FRANCE Air Thick With Diplo matic Rumors. STATESMEN MOVING DARKLY Allies' Attack on Dardanelles Is Among Mysteries. RUSSIA IS FORESTALLED Germany Said to Ilac Olfcrod Mrait to Cur lor Peace llcrlin lie ported to Consent to beparalo Peace for Austria. BY WILL IRWIN. fCopyrlKht. 191.".. by h New York Trib une. 1'ubliHhud by arrangement. PARIS, April 2 There is a kind of ominous lull along the line. The offi cial communiques, both French and English, report nothing except a linle trench-stealing here and thrre. livi-n the dead of Winter saw more action than this. When, a fortnight ago. the British made their not wholly success ful attack at N'euve Chapelle, everyone thought that the Spring drive, or t least a German counter attack antici pating that drive, wns about to com mence. Something has delayed these movements. Perhaps each side is wait ing for the other to start a costly of fensive. Meantime, the air. both here and In London, is thick with diplomatic ru mors and "inside stories." The diplo mats Siave been buy of late, as the armies have been quiet. There are vis itings back and forth between the cap itals of the allies, and possibly between the capitals of the belligerents. Diplomat .Mote In Darkness. More things are done in war than the preps dreams on. If the military movements of Europe are veiled In tho m1it of censorship, the diplomatic moveii-eiits are covered with an im penetrable black curtain. There will be tales to tell of that when the war is over; but the full tale will never be told. These diplomatic maneuvers have crystallized into two reports which may be considered, perhaps, a little more respectable than rumors. The first and most alarming is by way of explaining a mystery. Everyone hits been wondering why. at this time, France and England have sent large forces, both military and naval, for the Job of forcing the Dardanelles. It is obvious that Russia needs the straits both to get out her wheat crop and to get in supplies of munitions. But why have France and England, instead of Russia, taken tiie initiative? Offer y CWrrmany Humored. Now, according to this rumor wlil'-il Is, as I have haiii. a little better than a rumor Germany has been offering Russia the Dardanelles as the price Of a separate peace. Turkey is only a pawn of Germany in this game, but she la a pawn on a most valuable squat e. it is in Germany's power to withdraw all her officers and auxiliary troops from Turkey and to withhold all am munition and munitions of war. and, in short, leave Turkey, her weak ally. In such condition that a mere slap would topplo her over. Tho Germans, according to rumor, have been offering this price, and It may have tempted Russia, whose chief national ambition for a century has been the great warm water port. Hence the haste of France and Eng land to clear and seize the Dardanelles on behalf of tho alliance. This report may be a German invention; after hear ing all the rumors which float about Europe these days one needs to see with his own eyes before ho believes anything. Still, It is worth recording. Anfttrlan Trace Mooted, Too. The other report, which circulate persistently. Is almost equally inter esting. It Is that Austria, with tho fu'.l consent and backing of Germany, will sue for separate peace. This Is not t-o foolish as it sounds. Austria, "the mil itary corpse around Germany's neck," has proved to be the bu.li leaguer of this war I except Turkey, which can not play ball at all. It has cost Ger many much force and planning to bolster up an ally who seems for all that on the verge of defeat. Let Aus tria withdraw from this war and Ger many shortens her line of defence against Russia by one-half. Germany need have no further concern for her own southern border. Become suddenly a friendly neutral, Austria could supply Germany with the materials and munitions of war which she is now using herHclf. The release of a horde of Russians who have been attacking Austria might not be so harmful to Germany. After all, a Gen eral can use only Just so many men on one line, and the line of the German eastern frontier is comparatively short and strongly fortified. Trend of Developments Indicated. These are but reports, chosen for their persistence among the many ru mores, some bizarre enough, which tun about Europe. They probably indicate the direction of German diplomacy at the present moment. They indicate doubtless another thing. A matters stand at present Germany faces defeat or a drawn battle. The army havlnx failed In that splendidly desperate at tempt to overrun Europe, Germany falls back upon diplomacy and tries to on i',; 3. column L)