THE MORNING OREGONIAW, FRIDAY, MARCH 19, 1915.
10
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l-ORTI,AD, 1TUDAY, MARCH 19, WIS.
BIXXK.tE AGAIXST GESXAX
Great Britain and France have skil
fully dodged when the United States
seemed to nave put them in a corner
on the question of shutting off Ger
many's food supply. They bring their
naval policy within the limits of in
ternational law by calling It a block
ade. They .then take credit for studied
moderation by renouncing some of
the rights they might have exercised
under the rules of blockade. They
seek to calm the irritation of neutrals
by recalling how much more they
might have done
Germany at first scored a point by
apparently accepting the American
suggestion that the submarine cam
paign and the planting or mines ipe
abandoned on condition that food be
abandoned on condition that food be
permitted to enter Germany for dis-
trihution am on it the civil populatio
under American direction. But Ger
under American direction. But Ger-
many declines to forego the use of
anchored mines for offensive purposes I
and stipulates that enemy ""chant
ships abstain from using neutral flags,
, I
from arming themselves ana irom re
distance. She also asks that condi
sistance. She also asks inat conai-
tional contraband raw materials be
admitted to Germany on the same
terms as food.
These conditions are not acceptable
to Great Britain and France, and are
seized upon as a cause for declining
the' American compromise. These
countries, however, apparently realize
that they cannot persist in their origi
nal plan of shutting off Germany's
food supply without either giving of
fense to the United States, by ques
tioning the value of our guaranty, or
revealing a direct purpose to starve
Germany's civil population in violation
of international law.
Britain and France therefore shift
their ground. They no longer propose
to cut off Germany's food as condi
tional contraband on the plea that
food is a government monopoly. They
propose a formal blockade of all Ger
man ports for the purpose of cutting
off supplies of all kinds from Ger
many and of destroying German com
merce by preventing sale of any Ger
man goods abroad. To quote the say
ing of Bismarck in regard to Paris:
"Germany is to be left to stew in her
own juice." This purpose is justified
by quotations from Bismarck and Von
Caprivi.
Modern warfare prevents a block
ade from being conducted as in for
mer times. If warships were an
chored In close proximity to a German
port, they would be quickly blown up
by mines or torpedoes.. It would also
be possible for vessels to slip through
at night. The allies therefore propose
to extend the patrol radius of the
blockading cruisers to the outer ap
proaches to Germany. Hence the ex
tension of the limits to all European
seas, the Mediterranean.belng included
doubtless with a view of shutting in
Austria and of holding up at Gibraltar
exports from Mediterranean countries
to Germany. These limits are rather
indefinite and include waters far re
mote from the German coast, but our
Civil War furnishes a precedent.
American warships condemned vessels
bound for West Indian or Mexican
ports on the ground that their cargoes
were destined ultimately for blockad
ed Confederate ports.
Since no German merchant ships
are abroad, neutral vessels are the only
ones which will be affected by the
blockade. Were the allies to exercise
all the rights given them by the rules
nf hinckade. thev could condemn all
ships and cargoes bound to or from tilert would have been peace in Mex
Germany. They doubtless realize that , and the consciousness of duty
this would raise a storm of protest
H II (I M X LUC uruinu imuvuo. wcj
th neutral
therefore agree to confiscate only con
traband goods and the ships carrying
those goods. Non-contraband goods
those gooas. ion-conirauana guuua
which are the property of neutrals
w -.-13 1. n mi-n .-' c- hnnftfit !
mav oe sola ior tne owners utueni. i
If the property of Germans, they are
to be sequestrated till the close of the
war. Prize courts are to render de-
CltHOIia Wlllllii CJiti uc&js auu oiiih " '
to be set free unless they carry con
traband.
This blockade is designed to cripple
Germany and as reprisals for cruelty
to Belgium, for sowing of mines, sink
ing of merchant ships, bombardment
of unfortified towns and ill-treatment
of British prisoners of war. In fact,
it will injure neutrals as much as it
will injure Germany. It practically
cuts the world in two and permits the
American hemisphere to have com
mercial intercourse only with such na
tions as the allies choose to designate.
It puts Holland and the Scandinavian
nations in the same position as Amer
ican nations. The entire supply of
goods which is destined for or shipped
from Germany is to be dumped on the
British and French markets. An over
supply on those markets will certainly
result and the surplus will surely be
sold at a loss. American cotton
growers, who are just recovering from
the initial consequences of the war,
are again to be -deprived of the Ger
man market. Two nations, because
they, combined, have the strongest
navy, assumethe right to dictate with
whom each other nation shall trade.
Notwithstanding all the allies' at
tempts to sweeten the pill, we greatly
mistake the temper of the neutrals
if they do not refuse to swallow it.
No one or two nations have the moral
right to make laws governing the sea
Only by the common consent of all
nations can laws be made for the
world. The allies rely on might, but
the neutrals can bring to bear other
pressure than that of might. They
can stop commercial intercourse with
the blockading powers. They would
thereby add to the injury which the
blockade Inflicts upon them, but the
Injury to the allies would be so much
greater that they would soon listen to
reason. The allies are to such a de
gree dependent on neutrals for the
necessaries of life for raw materials
cf manufacture and for munitions of
wai that thav mirht find
the raising of the blockade in order
to
renew the biiddIv of these com modi
tiAR An rnihnrm on exports to the
belligerents would paralyze American
commerce, but it would cause great
injury, for a short time in oraer xo
Drevent less injury extending through
out the duration of the war. The
American people look to the State De
partment for unflinching maintenance
of their rights against the arrogance of
nations whose mental vision is per
verted by the maanesa oi war.
PASSABLE? OB IMPASSABLE?
The Oregonian is informed by
contemporary which has heretofore
iHvaii nhnndflnt fvi d mra of its conn
dential relations with State Highway
CnmrnTctiinrcr "Rowlhv that it has mis-
auoted the letter written Dy mat om-
cial to the Seattle Automobile Club in
an important particular. The correct
reading of the paragraph in question
is said to be:
Replying to your letter of March 3. ret
ative to the Pacific Highway in Oregon,
will state that the route through the Wil
lamette Valley via Grants. Pass to Med-
X I 1 1 . V.. wwnrxii HiniHrffln anv tlmi
this year. It will be passable after tba first
OI June.
The final sentence, as printed in
ThA Oreeonian vesterday. had the
tt-nrl "unt" insartor between "will'
and "be passable," so that Major
Bowlby was made to say that tne roaa
through the Willamette Valley would
nnt Via nassahlA n ft fir June 1.
The text of the extraordinary
Ttnwlhv tetter was taken by The Ore
gonian from the Salem Capital Jour
nal which entprDrlsine- newspaper
inratufi it tha at of irovcrnment had
onorinl AnnfirtllTlit- to Obtain a CODY
of the original document. The Orego
nian regrets that it has, tnrougn wo
great trust in the accuracy of a con-
tamvwii-at-v'a itAliimnit hfun led into anv
kind of misrepresentation of Major
-Rnwlbv's strane-e outgiving to me
club itstands ne jg on rec
saying that the road to Califor
nia south through the Willamette
VaU passable after June 1,
hofore. The Oregonian dis-
ernphatIciUjy from the Bowlby
an(J affirms that the road
OLftUHUCUS ' V. 1. . ' . . . . . . . .
will be better than passable after June
1. and will oe passaDie long Deture
passable now.
another at
T tit ns maka another nuotation from
State Highway Commissioner Bowlby:
to Portland, yon can cross Snoqualmie Pass
and go mence to xiuiua, uicmu
Brlckieton and Goldendale, across the ferry
at Maryhill, up to the state road at Wasco;
thence south as before. This road Is open
today and at ail times of the year, except
perhaps Snoqualmie Pass.
rfcVtvinuciv state. TTie-hwav Commis
sioner Bowlby desires to have the
traveling public think there is a fine
route from Seattle to Kan trancisco
via MaryhiH and Eastern Oregon at
all times of the year ("except perhaps
Snoqualmie Pass"). Be seeks, too.
to have it understood that the Willam
ette Valley route is impassable be
fore June 1 and merely passable after
that. It is a deliberate effort to
divert travel to the eastern route. It
I c not Kll rnrisinir that the Willamette
Valley counties and towns are up In
arms.
THE DIFFERENCE.
PORTLAND, Or., March 18. (To the Ed
itor.) The Oregonian says that it approves
President Wilson's policy of neutrality to
wards all the warring nations of Europe;
but it finds bitter fault with the President
for his similar policy of neutrality, or non
interference, with Mexico. It would seem
that an attitude which in correct toward
n.is-ht allit tfl H IVimct fOT MeXiCO.
What is the difference?
ThA difference is that we have a
ninin dnrv to keen out of European
quarrels, and we have an equally
plain duty to keep the peace on ine
North American continent. We have
imoil to the world our adherence
to the Monroe Doctrine, which warns
Europe to keep its hands off all Amer
ica, and iwe have necessarily assumed a
benevolent protectorate over the
weaker nations to the south of us.
So we have definitely -accepted our
rAannnclhilltv for MEXICO before the
world; we have more than once laid
down the doctrine that there be no
Interference with Mexico by any for
Tet we have attempted
to satisfy the reasonable demands of
the world s opinion and expectation
by "moral suasion." It has failed,
miserably so miserably that our di
plomacy has come to be lightly re
garded everywhere and our threats
are openly scorned In Mexico.
Tha mnst effective WAV tO DrOVOke
trouble with another nation is to make
it r-lnar that yon fear trouble, if tne
m , nattia had hMn firmlv seized
done n tne united states.
XE1V LAWS FOB THE WEST.
xne most imiiui wit icswmuuu w.
the Sixty-third Congress for the West
! AlocL-a R'lil.OU laiW and the
was tne aiusho. jvhu ij "
Alaska coal leasing law, but several
minor laws have been passed, making
concessions to homesteaders and in
-i i nf a t-T-irlil tnre
The reclamation fund is no longer
apportioned by the Secretary of the
Interior. Congress makes direct ap
propriations from the fund for each
project on the Secretary's recommend
ation. For the next fiscal year J14,
000,000 has been appropriated.
A board of review in the Interior
Department has been created to decide
land cases and will greatly hasten de
cision of contests.
Changes in the homestead laws in
clude acts allowing the husband to se
lect the residence in case homestead
ers marry; allowing division into two
parts of the five months absence each
year allowed under the three-year
homestead law; allowing a female
homesteader to perfect her claim, al
though she loses her citizenship by
marrying an alien; allowing a home
steader's deserted wife to prove up on
his claim and obtain patent; allowing
a person who has partly exhausted his
rights under the 160-acre homestead
law to make a further entry under
the enlarged homestead law.'
The President has been authorized
to provide a method for opening land
restored from reservation or with
drawal. Rocky Mountain National
Park near Denver has been created,
and land for public parks has been
granted to Denver. The Secretary of
the Interior is now authorized to with
draw land in reclamation projects for
public parks, playgrounds and com
munity centers.
Locations of phosphate rock hith
erto made in good faith tinder the
placer mining laws have been vali
dated. Appropriations have been made of
$80,000 for investigation of Western
irrigation agriculture, partly on rec
lamation projects; J40.000 to aid agri
cultural development of Government
reclamation projects; $35,000 to per
mit Dr. Rittman to continue research
and experiment with petroleum and
natural gas; $135,000 io provide a free
water supply to Indians on the Yakima
reservation.
The really important measures have
been held over until the new Congress
meets. These are the Ferris water
power bill, the Adamson dam bill, the
general land leasing bill and the plan
of Secretary Lane to entrust develop
ment of Alaska to a commission. Con
sideration of these measures promises
to make the next session extremely
important to the West. '
tTNGBATEFCI
"Why." asks the Portland Oregonian. "do
the Southern Oregon papers talk of the
Southern Oregon counties seceding from
Oregon to Join California? Is it to rob Ore
gon or to enrich California?" Neither. It
is to benefit themselves. It is to get out
of a state, wnere they are evidently not
wanted, a state without a development pro
gramme, a state that denies a square deal,
a state where co-operation is denied, a
state where the knocker is always swinging
the hammer against progress, into a state
that does things, that co-operates, constructs
and upbuilds. Medford Mail-Tribune.
The Oregonian cannot subscribe, to
a doctrine that the counties of a state
have no duty but to benefit them
selves. Notwithstanding the harsh
and false Impeachment of Oregon by
this ugly little Medford cry-baby, the
state has done well, considering its
limited financial resources, in its plan
of development- It is not so rich as
either California or Washington, yet
its public institutions, supported by
state taxation, compare favorably with
its neighbors, and the march of prog
ress and development by the whole
Coast has not left Oregon behind.
We shall probably hear from Med
ford that the state has spent little for
good roads. Yet the recent Legisla
ture, in its desire to favor Jackson
County, passed a bill instructing the
State Highway Commissioner to ex
pend 20 per cent of the state highway
fund in that county. Neither Multno
mail, nor Clatsop, nor Columbia, nor
Hood River, where active road work
has been done, was similarly favored.
It would appear that the Legislature
had given Jackson County a "square
deal," and had not denied co-operation,
nor swung the hammer.
WILLAMETTE'S NEW PRESIDENT,
Dr. Carl Gregg Doney, the new pres
ident of Willamette University, is a
man of broad scholarship and varied
experience in the affairs of education
and life. Before entering the ministry
he prepared for the bar, and doubtless
he has found his reading for that
purpose of great value in his later ac
tivitles. His success as a pastor was
exemplary. Among the pulpits where
he preached to great congregations was
that of the Hamline Church In Wash
ington City. It was from this church
that he was called to the head of the
Wesleyan University in West Virginia,
where he won distinguished success
as an administrator.
It is believed that a man of Dr.
Doneys capacity will bring Willamette
University rapidly forward to the posi
tion which it should occupy among
the educational institutipns of Oregon.
The endowment which it has recently
acquired, together with other sums
likely to be raised before long, make
its financial condition promising. But in
order to compete with the flourishing
state institutions it needs a strong
faculty.
This, of course, implies careful se
lection and advancing salaries. It is
far more important to a successful col
lege that its professors should be men
of distinguished ability than that it
should have a great many depart
ments. Williams College has Deen
rather disposed of ' late to de
crease the numDer oi its depart
ments and strengthen those that re
main. The Dest college worx is in
tensive. Developing along the lines of
broad scholarship and thorough work,
without too much attention to denomi
national limitations. Willamette Uni
versity will find that there is a noble
place for it to fill In the luture de
velopment of Oregon. We can no
more spare it than Massachusetts
could spare Amherst and Smith, or
New Hampshire could spare Dart
mouth, or Maine Bowdoin. None of
these institutions rival the great uni
versities in the number of teachers or
students, but the departments . they
have are adequately filled by men of
high standing, and their graduates
take rank with the leaders of our
National life. So it will ultimately be
with the small colleges of Oregon.
THE OCTSIDK OF THE CHILD.
onv -m-othArs care more for their
htldiAn a clothes than for the children
themselves. As long as the frock or
cloak looks pretty all is well, no mat
ter whether the poor infant inside it is
mtoonhu hannv. Little Tommy is
gaily decked out in frills and em
broidery when he should, Dy gooa
nvhte hA wAa.rinfir a blue denim blouse
and bib overalls. If he tries to frolic
about as a boy must in order to grow
up properly he is beset and harassed
by a hundred maternal "don'ts." He
mustn't run and Jump lest he rumple
his nicely starched frock, ne mustn t
play in the dirt, for fear he will soil
hie whitA -farket. He must wear a
heavy, unhygienic hat, for without its
protection the wind will tousie nis
lovely curls and bleach them. Thus
Tommy never learns how to use his
limbs. He passes his babyhood in
flabbiness and his young boyhood In
Weeping out of the dirt. --He cannot
throw a pebble into the brook without
falling in after it He cannot run
along the path without stumbling and
barking his precious little nose. He
never learns to swim, play ball, fight,
or any other accomplishment suitable
to his age and sex.
Miserable is the boy whose mother
is unwisely affectionate. Better were
it for him if he had no mother and
n-Anr nn In the street, for then he
would at least learn to use his muscles
and his wits. "Mother love" is an
expression that should sometimes be
translated ignorance and vanity.
rominino fondness for silly adornment
frequently overflows upon helpless
children. The poor little creatures
are beautiful to look upon Dut mis
erably unhappy. I
Occasionally a woman may be seen
fondling an infant in the streetcar.
It is clad like the lilies of the field
in glorious attire, but an Inquisitive
glance will reveal that its legs are
bare and shivering. When will
nthAT-o km that children's lees are
sensitive to cold?. The spectacle of a
child with its head wrapped in a nuge
bundle of finery and its lower limbs
like Icicles from exposure is enough
to make one despair of the human
race. Shall we ever be governed by
common sense instead of vanity?
It Is said that active efforts are un
der way to provide for South America
a better news service from the United
States. South Americans' ignorance of
our affairs Is only equaled by our
ignorance of theirs. The most we
know of. them is their revolutions,
which are not half so common as we
imagine. The most they know of us
is our trusts, which are not half so
evil as they are pictured. More
knowledge will probably generate
more friendship and trade.
A neighboring journalist, comment
ing .facetiously on the no-breakfast
idea, says he has cut down his own
breakfast to " a slice of ham, two
fried eggs, three slices of toast, pota
toes, wheat cakes and'a glass of milk."
We are surprised .at his moderation,
We had supposed, from reading his
"colyum," that he was in the habit of
eating rather heavily and writing im
mediately afterward. His wit seems
to flow from a full stomach.
Prohibition and war advance step
by step across the map of Europe.
After Russia, France takes up the
fisrht atrainst the demon rum. The
French Chamber has voted, 481 to 52
to forbid the sale of absinthe. It is
pitiable to Imagine what the habitues
of the boulevards will do without their
favorite tipple. But there is a still
more hideous thought. Paris will lose
most of its charm to visiting American
gentlemen of culture.
The pause in the attack on the
Dardanelles fortresses does not neces
sarily imply that the allies are dis
couraged. When the ships have done
their work something no doubt will
remain for a land force to complete.
Nor is it likely, in view of the perva
sive submarine, that the time and
place of shipping the land force would
be widely published.
' Those Americans living in Austria
who want a shipload of provisions
from this country, to be carried In an
American vessel,' will get what they
want, convoyed If necessary, or - the
nannla nf thlw .Pniltirh Will make
j. ........ i - '
things very interesting for somebody
at the National capital. Americans
abroad are not going hungry, with a
plenitude at home.
From time to time the world is
soothed by denials that there is such
a thing as the white slave traffic.
Such denials come from quarters so
authoritative that they almost compel
belief. And yet the news has just
been published that young girls can
be bought in New York for $25 apiece.
The two stories do not seem to jibe in
every particular.
Out of three columns of editorial
matter in one of our esteemed con
temporaries all but about half a col
umn discuss military matters. Is It
to be believed that war fills our
thoughts as completely as this would
Indicate? Have we no business of our
own to mind that we can think of
nothing but the insane squabbles of
Europe?
The Briton's reputation for bravery
stands .unchallenged now as always,
confirmed by the report that 305 offi
cers fell in the four (Jays' battle at
Neuve Chapelle. The British officer
may be somebody's dawdling darling
when in drawing-room and palace, but
he never shirks danger on the firing
line.
ViAwins- the multiollcity of candi-
datpo for other offices, it is refreshing
to note the confidence voters generally
are placing in city Auotior .uarour tor
business administration of an impor
tant branch of 'city government. All
seem to refrain from running against
him for re-election. ,
The blockade causes the Govern
ment to lose $100,000 a day in customs,
according to report in official quarter
More proof of spineless diplomacy.
The powers have learned from recent
experience that it is perfectly safe to
trifle with us.
The 3-year-old chap found sitting
on a curbstone at 7:30 the other night.
'just waiting for mamma," was a phi
losopher. "Mamma and home might
be lost; not he. That is the kind of
lad that grows up to help run his
country.
rVTnsAa Alexander, of Idaho, was a
business man before he became Gov
ernor, and the manner in which he is
trimming the appropriations shows his
knowledge of the value of the dollar.
ThA Admirals of the allies are to be
commended for their intention to use
prudence in forcing passage of the
nnrdanAllAS- The land batteries de
serve a dose of absent treatment.
ThA Anchor liner that got into Liv
erpool by escaping three submarines
was In luck. If the "larboard watch,
ahoy" did not mistake porpoises-for
the real thing.
California will grin to find the Fed
eral Government in a tangle with
Japan, recalling the' time when Wash
ington put a crimp in legislation at
Sacramento.
Ttnvhal mcnfritct nrf harometric sism
Of rising tide in business, and the Feb
ruary tain over last year is assurance
that Portland is all right
Japan announces that an early ad
justment of all differences with China
is in prospect. No doubt China has
given in completely.
In the matter of the arrest of the
German Consul at Seattle, King Coun
ty may learn the Department of State
is somewhat bigger.
A German submarine made an at
tack off the coast of Ireland. Prob
ably in celebration of St Patrick's day.
The Portland girl just awarded
$150,000 by a Montana court would
better get a larger mail box.
The suit of the Government to dis
solve the Shoe Machinery Corporation
has run down at the heel.
As a reminder, how are you getting
on with that savings fund for the fair
trip this Summer?
Reports that foreigners are fleeing
en masse from Mexico must be music
to Bryan's ear.
Foreigners are fleeing from Mexico
City, realizing that hope of protection
is futile.
"Painless" Parker received his ver
dict of $1 without taking an anes
thetic.
The real attraction in a Jitney ride
is speed, and that element displaces
safety.
The Sick Man, noting passage of
events, is convalescing.
About season now for a real big
battle.
ALASKA TO PAT AGON I A BY RAIL.
Writer Says Romantic Project Xot
Dream, but Kear-Reallty.
Ernest Pelxotto in the World Outlook.
Alaska to Patagonia by railroad
Dawson to Puerto Montt in a sleep
ing car! Does it seem like a dream?
Can you realize that in our own gener
ation it may well come true?
I have traveled over thousands of
miles of this so'-called Pan-American
railway and I do not find the scheme
at all chimerical.
What a trip it will be from the fro
zen Arctic through the tropics to the
frozen Antarctic; from the ice and
snow of Alaska through the wonder
land of our own great West, to the
emerald palms of Panama, then on over
the vast Andean tablelands to temper
ate Chile and frigid Patagonia!
We shall see every kind of vegeta
tion, sparse, rich and rank; experience
every variety of climate; see primitive
peoples just waking to the call of civ
ilization and cities where civilization
reaches its height; see nature's treas
ures silver, copper, gold being
forced from her by giant machines and
In other regions lying dormant in tin
touched mines; rush through vast
plains of waving grain and through
others, just as fertile, awaiting the
touch of the agriculturist. All these
will be along the gigantic railway
which has been, and is today, the
dream of many a sober-minded, prac
tical man. The dream has in part ma
terialized. More than half of this ro
mantic route joining the ends of the
earth Is already a fact.
Of the Pan-American 12,000 or 13,
000 miles, more than 7000 are now in
operation, and, if we leave out the long
stretch through British Columbia, only
a few thousand miles remain to be
built in order to connect the great
cities of the United States directly with
the railway systems of South America.
We may ourselves some day buy a
through ticket by rail from New York
or Seattle or Chicago to Valparaiso!
MISS JAH5TS DREAM "UNDERSTOOD
Student Says It May Seem Wonderful
but He Believes in Visions.
PORTLAND. Mar. 16. (To the Edi
tor.) With reference to the story of
Miss Jabn's dream mentioned in The
Oregonian, it was a very clear vision,
instead of a dream. As she said It
seemed different from any other dream.
They are very, different. One is real
and the other a delusion, because they
are not seen by the same mind the
dream from the objective mind and
the vision from the subjective mind
At this time it might be in line to call
this subjective mind the periscope
mind, as it is the sub-mind and has to
come to the surface to see. I have
been a long ways in this line and have
had some valuable information that I
trained to get. both in visions and
through the line of telepathy, not at
all times when asleep.
I made it my business for years ana
am coins: into it again. You may asK
what has training the body got to do
with it? Everything. One most Im
portant thine: is to DUt the objective
mind in subjection. In a passive condi
tion, and that is one of the essential
things work is for.
This seems wonderful to a person
that has not seen, but it is true.
C. E. B.
Property Rights.
BORING. Or.. Mar. 16. (To the Edi
tor.) 1. Is a deed legal that has
been properly made and signed before
witnesse, but has not Deen recoraea
within ten days after signing?
2. What right does the Oregon law
e-lve the husband in the wife's property
at her death when there are children?
3. What right when there are no
children?
4. What rieht does the Oregon law
eive the wife in the huaband's prop
erty when there are children?
5. What right wnen tnere are no
children?
6. What disposition does the law
make of an unmarried person's prop
erty? OLD SUBSCRIBER.,
1. Yes. There is no requirement,
that a deed be recorded at all.
2. All of the property during his
life.
3, 4 and 5. Same answer.
6. It goes to the parents or, if there
are none, then to members of the Im
mediate family of the deceased.
Wreck of the Olympian.
PORTLAND, Mar. 16. (To the Edi-
Turn vnM VinHlv inform me
through the columns of ypur paper as
to the location or tne wrecK ut me ui
sidewheel steamer Olympian, which left
Portland some years ago for New Tork,
in tow of another steamer?
G. E. HALL.
Masters of vessels that used the
Straits of Magellan previous to the
opening of the Panama Canal say that
the wreck of the Olympian is In plain
sight In Possession Bay, just through
the narrows or near the eastern end of
the Straits. The Olympian was in tow
of the steamer Zealandia and. as the
story goes, they anchored in Possession
Bay one night. A smaller line than
the towing hawser that had been used
was made fast to the Olympian and
that parted during the night when a
blow came .up, so the sidewheeler
brought up on the beach.
Use of Poatoffice Box.
KELSO. Wash.. Mar. 16. (To the
Editor.) Will you please answer the
following question through The Daily
Oregonian:
Two parties living In the same town
rent a lock box at the postoffice, can
they exchange small articles through
that box without paying postage or
violating any Federal law, rule or
regulation? SUBSCRIBER.
It' is forbidden by the postal regula
tions for a postmaster to rent a post
office box to any two individuals, save
business partners or members of the
same family. It is stated by local
postal officials that the department
would, undoubtedly, prohibit the inter
change of unstamped parcels or arti
cles as suggested by the correspondent
provided It was found out, as it is in
violation of a regulation that only
properly stamped articles may be
handled through the mails.
. Yamhlll-Strect Dock.
PORTLAND, Mar. 16. (To the Edi
tor.) Is the dock at the foot of Yam
hill street public?
JOHN HASLETT.
The Commission of Public Docks has
jurisdiction over all street ends and
is privileged to collect wharfage. As
no regulation' has been placed in effect
regarding Yamhill street, the public
would probably be permitted to use
that as a landing until a schedule of
charges is adopted, but persons intend
ing to land small boats there should
first take up the matter with the Com
mission. Unsightly Spot Pointed Out.
PORTLAND, Mar. 18 (To the Edi
tor.) While the powers that be are
looking to the cleanliness and "city
beautiful" of our surroundings,. I should
like to call the attention of the health
officer to a spot right in the heart of
the city, and that spot is located bounded
by Fifth and Sixth, Pine and Ankeny
streets; it is ornamented with bill
boards but they do not fully hide the
filth, trash and putrid water from the
accumulation of rains. I have notloea
this spot for many moons and it still
remains tb same dirty ppot.
CITY BEAUTIFUL.
HOOS1KR HEALTH INSTRlCTlOSiS.
t'nlon County Commissioner Starts la
ta Educate the People,
From the Journal of the American Medical
Association.
Common sens is an uncommon qual
ity. Those who, in their early youth,
read and enjoyed the William Henry
Letters, will recall that this was a re
freshing characteristic of that young
hero. When sent away to a boarding
school, he was told that he would have
to take dancing lessons In order to
learn how to enter a room. He could
not see the need oi taking lessons
for this purpose. He said, "Just walk
right in."
One of the most difficult lessons to
learn Is that the way to do a thing
is to do it The County Health Com
missioner of Union County. Indiana,
feels that one of his duties is to teach
the people of the county how to keep
well. He has accordingly prepared a
little 75-page pamphlet, made up
largely of material published by the
various state boards of health. The
board of County Commissioners mads
an appropriation to Bend a complimen
tary copy to every home in the county.
The pamphlet is pimply but forcibly
written, and contains chapters on the
home, contagious diseases and the
baby. In the first chapter, the peo
ple are told how to keep their homes
clean and healthful, how to dispose of
their garbage, how to care for their
food and how to take care of their
bodies. Directions for disinfection and
especially directions for various con
tagious diseases make up the second
chapter, while the third and most im
portant contains directions to mothers
for the care of hemselves and their
children.
We have been a long time In learn
ing that if the teacher of good health
would compete with the patent medi
cine man, he must meet him on nti
own crround. Instruction of the peo
pie on health topics is a public duty.
It should not be left to professional
seal or to philanthropy. The publica
tion and distribution of such pamphlets
as the Union County Health Book are
directly and solely for the public good
and will yield large dividends in the
form of better health and prosperity for
the people. If each county in the Nation
had a health officer as wide-awake
and a board of commissioners as broad
minded as those of Union County, Indi
ana, the problems of the prevention of
disease and the prolongation of life
would be immensely simplified.
BEDDY PROBABLY JAMES MACKEY
Veteran of Firat Infantry Seek ta
Identify Scout of 50 Years Ago.
COSMOPOLIS. Wash.. Mar. 16. (To
the Editor.) I saw an Inquiry in The
Oregonian, March 6 about one ' Reddy.'
of Company F Cavalry. W. M. Hilery
was the inquirer, having read r.ome
mention of "Reddy" in the Half a
Century Ago column.
I was on the scout with "Reddy"
when he was shot, but he was shot in
February and not in October. I think
his real name was James Mackey. but
of that I am not sure. I heard it often
but it has been a long time ago. He
was not shot while on guard but as
he was going to relieve the guard.
There were two Indians right close to
gether One of the Indians shot at
"Reddy" and hit him in the elbow.
"Reddy" then shot at that Indian and
the other on-5 then shot "Reddy" In the
sidj.
I doubt If "Retldy's" grave could be
found as all signs of it were destroyed.
GEORGE W. MOORE. Member Com
pany H, First Oregon Infantry.
Council Crest Line.
PORTLAND, Mar. 18. (To the Edi
tor.) 1. When was Council Crest
streetcar track completed for use?
2. What is most perpendicular
grade?
3. What Is the name of the high
bridge about half way up?
4. What Is-length of track to Crest
from Twenty-third and Washington.
5. How many mountains can be
seen on a clear day, and what are
their names in order from Mount
Hood? MRS. E. H. MEYER.
1. Council Crest streetcar line was
completed and put in operation In the
late Summer or early Fall of 1906.
2. The steepest grade on the carline
gives about 12 feet rise In 100 feet dis
tance; or a grade of about 12 per cent.
3. The name of the high bridge
crossed part way up the line is Ford
Street bridge and it is the crossing
over Canyon road.
4. The length of the carline from
Twenty-third and Washington streets
to the entrance of the park is 2 3-8
miles.
5. On a clear day may be seen the
tip top of Mount Jefferson far to the
right of Mount Hood, being in a south
westerly direction. To the left of
Mount Hood may be seen Mount Adams,
then Mount St. Helens (which shows
more prominently than the others) and
to the left of it is a double peak in the
far distance which Is Mount Ranier, it
showing Just over the shoulder of
Mount St. Helens.
IS'umher of Cards te Leave
PORTLAND, Mar. 16. (To the Edi
tor.) Wiil you kindly answer the fol
lowing questions in the columns of
your publication?
When a married woman calls on a
new resident in the neighborhood and
finds no one at home what cards should
she leave? If she finds her new neigh
bor at home, what cards should be left?
Thanking you In anticipation for
your attention. A. E. B.
If the woman you call on is married,
leave your own card, and two of your
husband's. If she Is single, leave your
own card only. The same rule holds
good whether she is In or out.
Fourth-Clams Poshaaiter'i Salary,
PORTLAND, Mar. 17. (To the Edi
tor.) Please Inform me through your
paper the salary for postmaster of
fourth-class postoffice.
A SUBSCRIBER.
The salary of postmasters of the
fourth class varies with the office. In
lieu of a fixed salary, each Is allowed
the value of the stamps cancelled at
the office. In no case is this to ex
ceed $1000 a year.
Academy of Science Secretary.
ROCHESTER, Wash., March 45. (To
the Editor.) What is the address of
the secretary of the Portland branch
o the American Academy of Science?
C. L. DRAKE
W. T. Foster, president of Reed Col
lege, Portland, acts as Pacific Coast
director of the American Academy of
Advanced Science.
Audubon Society.
DEE, Or., Mar. 16. (To the Editor.)
Please inform me how I can get In
touch with "Our Audubon Circle of
Bird Lovers." I am on ornithologist
and think I can reveal wonders in
bird life. EDGAR W. WINAXS.
Write to Dr. Emma J. Welty, 311
Montgomery street.' Portland.
13 and 21 Problems. -ONTARIO,
Or., Mar. 16. (To the Edi
tor.) Here is a modified "How old is
Ann?" that perhaps mathematical ex
perts would like to work out: wnen
Mary was Ann's age Ann's age was 1-7
of what Mary s Is now; when Ann
reaches Mary's present age, the sum
of their ages will be 61 years. How old
are the girls? W. P. L.
Twenty-Five Years Ago
From The Oreitonlan of alarrh 20. IRftrt.
The residence of F. Augustus Carll
and wife at Austin. Minn., early set
tlers In tha county, waa burned Satur
day night and the old folks perished,,
according to dispatches from Minneap
olis. E. H. Lohman, one of the owners nt
general manager of the Ourney Cab
Co., left Inst evening for Oakland. Ctl.,
where be is to be married.
It is definitely announced that Bill
Nye and hi musical stars. Including
Ollie Torbctt, the young vloIUnlst. will
appear here at the New Park March 2
and 28.
The confirmation of John M. Lewis
aa postmaster of East Portland has
been received.
Charles N. Walte. who for some time
as Deputy United States Marshal has
been a terror to evildoer, having re
tired with Marshal My era, waa attacked
Saturday night by two footpads on
Clay street, between Sixth and Seventh
streets. In the shade of W. K. Ladd'a
hedge. Mr. Waits put them both to
flight.
Berlin. Prince Bismarck tendered
bis resignation last night and the
young Emperor ha decided to accept
lu The ruptura has created a veritable
earthquake and . every one I asklnic
what will becomo of the German em
pire without Bismarck. The Chancel
lor and his master disagreed on every
point. Tha difficulties began with the
Chancellor's refusal to ncccdo to the
request by Dr. Windlhorst, leader of
the clerical party in Uormany, to re
store to the Duke of Cumberland,
claimant to the throne of Hanover, the
larger portion of the Guelph fund. The
Emperor opposed Bismarrk In the mat
ter and soon after Bismarck's resigna
tion the entire 'Prussian ministry ten
dered their resignations also.
P. B. Cornwall, one of the owner In
the Black Diamond coal mine In
Washington, Is at the Esmond.
About 2 o'clock yesterday aflernoon
some kind of a missile, probably a bul
let, struck the window of the office
of C. W. Johnson, superintendent of
the Union Pacific, in the third story of
the Ainsworth block. Ed Norton, as
sistant superintendent, whose desk Is
near the window, showered with
the fragment.
Mrs. T. F. Kane slipped on the tep
at her Mount Tabor home Monday aft
ernoon and the fall resulted In break
ing her right arm near the wrlnU
C. B. Bartel, the former street com
missioner, probably will sue the city
for $2200 back pay unless he csn se
cure an adjustment.
PROCKS9 XOT NEW Ii PIUtCIPLK
Cheap Method of Halting Gnaollne Now
I aed in Weat lo Make On.
CORVALL1S, Or.. March 1. (To the
Editor.) Last Sunday The Oregonian
gave a meager description ot the pro
cess used to produce "cheaper gaso
line." If this he uthentlc there t
nothing new In the proi-ess. at least In
principle, and it cannot proporly be
classed a a new discovery.
Such a process as described has been
in use for at least four years In the
production of illuminating gas from
crude oil, and without rtouht It has
been known for some year hefor
that. A number of gas-making plant
are using the same process, especially
plants located on th Western coast.
In It essentials the proccs for mak
ing g'ts Is this: The crude oil. which I
of the variety known as "asphalt baa."
Is forced under heavy pressure Into
the generator. In th form ot a fine
sprav. Thl generator, previously
heated to an almost white beat, I lined
with firebrick and contains several
baffles around which th sprayed oil
must pas before eecaplng from th
generator as a gas. in Its pasac
from the nozzl of the Injector to the
exit valve the oil Is o highly heated
that It becomes wht 1 technically
known as "cracked," I. e. the large
complicated molecules re disintegrated
Into smaller and simpler molecules,
though th smaller molecule ar suf
ficiently compound. Of roure. this
must tako place In sbsence of air.
When the generator ha cooled to a
certain point and It can no Inniter suf
ficiently "crack" the oil, the Injector
Is shut off, the generator emptied and
again heated. The gas from th gen
erator is washed fre from the great
quantities of porous graphite that I"
produced by the "crcking" of th
compound molecules of the oil, led Into
the "desulphureter." where th gaseous
sulphides are removed by the action of
sulphate of copper, anil irom tnenco
to the gas reservoir. The product I
generally known as lllunilnants.
A you ee. this procs is identical
with that described In Th Oregonian.
with the exception Ihnt Instead of tha
gas going straight to"he reservoir
a gas. In the Rittman process. It
stooped after being cracked, and con
densed Into some form of liquid. Even
thl liquid gasoline of the e-aegre
varietv is extensively used for th pro
duction of gas. Any gas-muklng plant
using the process known h the "crack
ing process undouoteuiy couin n
used for the production of gaaolln
with but very little addition to It
equipment. It would simply be a mai
ler of Installing a condenser and draw
ing off a portion of the "cracKeo on
in the form of a vapor.
This Is purely and simply a Western
Idea and one developed through neces
sity and so much so that even the most
modern of tho Eastern books on In
dustrial Chemistry conlsin no mention
of It.
But In spite of all present Known
methods, or others to be Invented, for
making gasoline, ' this product will
nrnhahlv be very little cheaper than
at present, as the sources must be con
sidered, as well as tho hands Into
which these sources fall.
JOHN KUlniM,
Professor Department of Chemistry,
Oregon Agricultural college.
Paring Phone War Ta.
PORTLAND. Mar. 16. (To th Edi
tor.) Our firm being a subscriber of
hoth phones has noticed that the
monthly statement of the Horn phone
carry no internal revenue of one cent,
while the Pacific States does. Who
hould pay this revenue, th phone
company or the subscriber?
r . c r..
The public Is supposed to pay. II
the Home Company want to absorb It.
that is Its business. The law only de-
Htiiis that It be paid.
The Wise Merchant
Believes in Service
Service consists In giving people
what they want at thfl time they
Want it
Retailers recognize this, and when
a customer asks for a well-known
article by name, they do not try to
substitute something else.
Substitution as a "trad practice"
Is happily passing;
Manufacturers and retailer find
the advertising columns of the dally
newapaperacommon meeting
ground.
The retailer Is glad to push the
goods the manufacturer advertises
in the newspaper because ha know
this advertising will send customers
to hi store.
It Is hi business to please these
customers, so "he give them what
they ask for."