TTTE MORNING OHEGOXIATT, THURSDAT, MABCH 18. 1915.
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rRTI.ANt TBXBiiUAY, MAR.. 1. 81-
XEE bjubtobic.
Secretary Bryan notifies. General
Carranza and General Obregon that
the United States will hold them "per
sonally responsible for the murder or
Injury of aqy American citizen and for
their future conduct." Tgeft la fight
ing language. It ought no"t to be used
unless its author means what he, says.
But he doesn't. It will have no effect
whatever upon the person or persons
to whom it is addressed, for they know
It is merely words, and nothing more.
Whon Americans are killed, we
.suggest to other Americans to leave
JMexico. What are they doing there.
. anyway?
When an appeal Is made to the
-Preulrionr tr rnmnfl order in Mexico,
Jie calmly says that Mexico has as-
much right as Europe to -.spin as
much blood as she pleases in settling
her own affairs."
When protest is made that we have
meddlesomely intervened the Presi
dent solemnly denies It, and sends
warships to Vera Cruz "to serve
mankind."
When an Englishman is killed, we
re frightened into a semblance of ac
tion, and notify Villa and his fellow
murderers that they must give an ac
counting: which they have never done.
The President talks nobly about the
"liberty" and "democracy" of the
"eighty per cent" in Mexico; but ac
tion, not maxims, Is wanted, and Is
r.ot forthcoming.
We have never had a defined Mexi
can policy, under President Wilson, or
a foreign policy of any kind except
of driftinfj and negation-. Your rhetor
ician is never a statesman.
a -a
rCTTlNti THB PRESS UNDER Pl'RESS.
inhere is good cause for the protest
of" Mr. Miller, editor of the New York
Tillies, against the increasing "ten
dJhl:y of Government Investigations to
plaee the newspapers of the country
ii&ier a sort of duress." He spoke the
trfcth when he said that the tendency
of such inquiries would be "to reduce
thj; press of the United States to the
r-jtulition of the press of some of the
ciiltuls of Central Europe, where it is
liijrhvn as the reptile press."
It has come to the pass in this coun
trC particularly under Presidents of
dijjnineering character such as Colonel
Ksevelt and Mr. Wilson, that a
mjjvspaper cannot make legitimate
criticism of the Administration without-being-
accused of ignoble, corrupt
motives: without being accused of
ownership by, subservience to, or brib
er? . by, selfish interests. Whenever
string opposition to some Administra
tif measure develops.' the Adminis
tration's most devoted adherents
chjkj-ge that the newspapers voicing
the opposition are actuated by some
uljtirior mtive. and they procure the
ifuointment of a "smelling commit
tee' to discover the supposed power
bnnd the editor. These inquiries
rarely discover anything but a cloud
ofl jrague suspicion, without a scin
tilla of fact to substantiate it.
Cases where such suspicion has
snisen contain ample scope for honest
difference of opinion and for honest
criticism of administrative policy.
President Roosevelt prosecuted the
Xtw York World and Indianapolis
X-ws for their attacks on his Panama
Canal deal, although those attacks
served a useful purpose in elucidating
tire facts and although there was room
for honest difference of opinion. The
circumstances of the Panama revolu
tion were such that there was opportu
nity for two perfectly honest but oppo
site views. Discussion threw- light on
th facts which could have developed
injno other way. So also with the ship
purchase bill. That measure proposed
a iradical innovation in Governmental
policy on jisiAbject which was upper
most in tliciuiWic mind.
JLhad been proposed that the Gov
ernment pay ship subsidies, but never
that tire Government should buy. build
rid operate ships. Among a people
who are in the habit of reading, writ
ing; and talking freely about public
affairs, it was most natural that a
conflict of opinion should arise and
should be voiced in the newspapers.
Then what cause should there be for
suspicion among supporters of the bill
that its opponents among the news
papers were corruptly induced to con
demn so startling an innovation? The
atiempt on mere suspicion to prove
sufh to be the fact springs from an
intolerance alike in character to that
of'-the Spanish Inquisition and the
Russian autocracy. It Is a direct blow
nt'that freedom of discussion by which
the American people decide their
public problems.
Any newspaper which sells its in
fluence to any sordid interest commits
suicide. It has been done in this
country, but the guilty newspaper
Krfadually shivered into bankruptcy.
The material property of a newspaper
machinery, paper, ink. furniture
represents a small fraction of its
value. The bulk of that value is good
will, the Investment in which is the
heavy losses ordinarily suffered while
the paper is being established. Good
will consists of publie confidence that
the" news will be fully and truthfully
published and that comment upon it
will be fair and intelligent. No sooner
does it become known that some self
ish interest influences the news and
editorial policy than subscribers and
advertisers drop off and in time the
newspaper is reduced to the bare
bones of a second-hand plant.
A necessary quality in a public of
ficial is ability to stand his ground
unmoved by criticism. He who loses
his" temper, attributes base motives to
his critics and Invokes the law to dis
credit and silence them, lacks the
rierve 'to stand fire. The present Ad
ministration has shown a remarkable
lack of that quality. Taking office
with profuse promises to do business
In the open, it has been strangely se
cretive. Having gained office by un
restrained criticism of the opposite
party, it is no sooner subjected to any
critieism. than it fills th air with
charges of moral depravity and starts
an investigation. It poses as the de
pository of all the virtues and it holds
the mere fact of criticism to be prima
facie evidence of inherent vtciousness.
The attacks of officials and politi
cians on the newspapers in general
have been given some color of excuse
by the charges which, some newspa
pers have made that the Associated
press is trust operated in sympathy
with other trusts. That charge, as
made by the New York Sun, is dis
posed or most effectually by Attorney
General Gregory, who finds after
searching inquiry that the Associated
Press la not a trust, but a co-operative
association for gathering and distrib
uting news.
Newspapers are not in a trust, for
to organize one would impair the good
will of every member, and that is
their most valuable asset.' Newspapers
do not "sell out" to shipowners, ship
builders, trusts, railroads or financial
magnates, for by doing so they -would
destroy themselves.
WHAT IS BEST ROUTE?
State Highway Commissioner Bowl
by's letter to the Seattle Automobile
Club about roads in Oregon was a Bin
gularly strange and tactless document.
For the general benefit, it is here re
produced:.
Replying -to your letter of March 3, rela
tive to the Pacitic Highway in Oregon, I
will state that the route tnrougn tne Wil
lamette Valley via Grant Pass to Medford:
win not be In goad condition any time this
year. Jt will net oe pasaauio azi.ee ine
first of June.
The beat route through Oregon is aa fol
lows: From Portland, ship the car to The
Dalles, thence to Wasco and south through
Central Oregon, through Prlneville to Cra
ter Lake and en to Medlora, or airectiy
south to Lakevtew. thence down the Pitt
River to Redding, where you will strike the
Pacitic Highway again.
Leaving Seattle, if you do not care to go
to Portland, you can cross Snoqualraie Pass
and go thence to Mabton; thence over to
Brickleton and Goldendale, aerosa the ferry
at Maryhill, up to the alata road at- Wasco;
thence south aa before, Thi road la open
today and at all times of the year, except
perhaps Snoqualmia Pasa.
What does Major Bowlby mean by
saying, for example, that the route
through the Willamette Valley, via
Grants Pass to Medford, will not be
passable after the first of June? There
are "excellent roads in the Willamette
Valley, and they are passable, or most
of them are, at any time of the year.
The Oregonian would advise all
prospective travelers by automobile to
the San Francisco exposition that
there is no "best, route" through Ore
gon. But there are several excellent
routes, with stretches of good road,
fair road and poor road.
The sagacious automobilist who
wants to see a wide variety of country
will ake one route from Portland
to San Francisco and the other for
his return. He will go, for example,
by way of the Willamette Valley,
Grants Pass and Medford, and return
by way of Klamath' Falls, Bend and
The Dalles, with a side trip to Crater
Lake. The Columbia highway will
doubtless be open for Summer travel,
and the automobilist who declines the
opportunity to - go over it from The
Dalles or Hood River to Portland will
miss a glorious part of a magnificent
trip.
THE FETISH OF FORM.
There is talk in Indianapolis of a
change in that city's farm of munici
pal government, and the Indianapolis
Star approves a preliminary munici
pal survey in the following words:
Distrust with the present form of gov
ernment is widespread. But it would not da
to fasten dogmatically upon one or 'another
of the newer forms because they happen to
be the academic fashion. Rather let the
city proceed to nnalyze its governmental
functions in an orderly way, and then bring
the creative genius of Indianapolis minds to
the task of framing a law oompletely suited
to the city. It may t a combination of
city manager and commission, or it may be
something different from either.
We doubt that there is particular
advantage in a survey preliminary to
a change in form of government. A
survey merely confirms previous con
victions. An expert in municipal re
search can always find something
wrong. Otherwise he would not be
in the business. Fancy paying out
several thousand dollars to be told
that the conduct of city affairs is of
a high standard. The issuance of
warrants to pay an expert who brought
in such a report would be promptly
enjoined by the indignant taxpayers.
Reform in municipal government
can be attained under the council
manic form of government as well
as under the managerial or commis
sion form or a combination of both
the latter. There is one simple re
auirement elect good men to office.
The advantage in discarding the old
form for something more fashionable
exists chiefly in the fact that the
movement in itself arouses the pub
lic to a sense of abuses in city govern,
ment. It is not the new form that
insures the good results. The better
character of officials produced by the
upheaval does the work.
If Portland's experience is a crite
rion, a municipal'survey supplies a city
with a number of bewildering dia
grams, a mass of information already
possessed and theories of administra
tion that don't work out Honest offi
cials, equipped with common sense,
get along Just as well without the
advice of book-fed political economists.
SHERMAN 1" THE CAROllNAS.
set out northward through the heart
of South Carolina and the anxious
Knrth heard no more of his move
ments for a time, though his plans
were not entirely dam to some or ir.e
newspapers. He designed to make
rinirlshorn- T. C. his next objective
point, and the New York Tribune,
learning of his plans, exposed tnem in
an editorial article. When Sherman
raarherl th little town of Cheraw he
found a copy of this paper in Hardee's
deserted quarters ana interred mat
the Confederate commander had
availed himself of the Tribune's
information.
This led Sherman to concentrate
his forces and move more expeditious
ly to his goal than he otherwise would
have done. Incidents or this Kina, oc
curing time and again in modern war
far, hum finallv caused the govern
ments of the world to establish a close
censorship on military news ano 10
innlr with something less than warm
favor on war correspondents. Sher-S
man stayed a week at tjneraw resuiis
his men and for all that time nis
whereabouts were unknown in the
North.
It was only after he had reached
Fayetteville that his communications
,-t-d r.iitjLrliKrier1. Thin dace is only
eighty miles from Wilmington on an
arm of the sea where there was a r ea-
eral force under General Terry, who
forthwith sent a tugboat un the Cape
Fear River to Sherman with mail and
dispatches. He naturally loaded the
return trip with mail from his army,
vr. -to i-mA at Favettevilla only long
enough to destroy the Confederate
arsenal and then set out for Goldsboro,
where he-had ordered Terry and Scho
field to Join him.
During the march through North
Carolina Sherman's troops conducted
themselves much, more moderately
than they bad In South Carolina,
which they regarded as the hotbed o(
"secessionism" and thought proper to
punish. Their pathway was accord
ingly marked with arson and plunder,
but in North Carolina nothing was de
stroyed except military property. Be
fore the war South Carolina was per
haps the most prosperous of the slave
states. Its . society was wealthy and
highly cultivated. Since the war it has
probably been the most backward and
reactionary of all the Confederate sis
terhood. No doubt it has not yet fully
recovered from the devastations of
Sherman's men.
THE ART OF CASTUfa A WAT.
A writer in an Eastern magazine
discourses wisely upon "Journeys of
eradication" as he ingeniously calls
them. Such a journey is performed
by a thrifty housewife when she
marches through her domain armed
with hatchet and waste basket and
weeds out the things she knows she
will never use. Every dwelling abounds
with such articles. Some of them are
heirlooms from revered ancestors.
They began their careers in the best
parlor, were thence translated to the
stairway, gradually proceeded to the
back bedroom on the second floor and
ended ingloriously in the garret, where
they have reposed for a dozen years,
good for nothing, always in the vay
and clamoring loudly to be burned up.
Misplaced respect for their antiquity
has preserved them far too long. They
should be eradicated without reprieve.
- In every living-room there are doz
ens of objects which are neither use
ful nor beautiful. They are tolerated
because dear uncle gave them to
Johnny before he left on his last fatal
voyage, or because Angeline, now in
heaven, liked to look at them, or be
cause they have always stood where
they stand now. The fact that a hide
ous object has been tolerated for
twenty years is the best reason in the
world for throwing it into the fire
this morning.
All through the house there is work
for the "eradicator." Rubbish should
be haled forth ruthlessly from all its
lurking places and subjected to pitiless
scrutiny. If it is worthless then it
should go to the flames or to the
neighbors. It is often more conven
ient to cast useless articles over the
boundary fence 'than to burn them,
though some question the morality of
such disposals.
The art of cr-sting away the useless
is insufficiently understood or prac
ticed. There are office desks vpiled
mountain high with rubbish which
should be swept into the waste bas
ket. It is kept on and on in the faint
expectation that "some day it will be
needed." That day never comes. If
it did come the needed article could
not be found in the heap. He lives
happiest who can slough off the worth
less past completely and begin Ufa
anew every morning.
BRATXS AXI STATURE.
Quarrymen in Western Pennsylvania
have lately dug up a pair of human
skeletons which some believe to be
prehistoric. One of the skeletons is of
giant size, which may indicate that it
belonged to the body of a man. The
other one, much smaller, may, with
the help of some imagination, be
supposed to have belonged to his wife.
It pleases the poetic fancy to picture
the prehistoric man as huge in his
proportions, while his spouse was little,
meek and clinging, but there is not an
atom of evidence that such was the
fact It is quite as likely that the lit
tle skeleton belonged to the giant's son
or nephew.
Tradition represents our primitive
ancestors as giants. Even the Scrip
tures lend some support to such a
theory. If it is true, we are obliged to
infer that as the human race has de
creased in stature it has gained in
mental power. Prehistoric man may
have been of great physical prowess,
but he had not much intelligence.
Brain power was evolved far more
slowly than muscle power in our fore
fathers.
According to some theorists, our
muscular strength and bodily stature
are likely to go on diminishing for
ages to come, while our intelligence
expands. They think they find evi
dence for their belief in the curiou5
fact that short men are quicker-wi-
ted and more energetic than tall ones.
The big, flabby simpleton who has
hardly energy enough to drag his huge
carcass from one leaning-post to an
other is familiar to all observers.
Rarely do we see a short man thus
lackadaisical and indolent." On the
contrary, men of small stature usually
overflow with energy. They are pug
nacious, daring and active. .
No General of the first rank nas
been of more than middle size. Fred
erick the Great was inordinately fond
of tall soldiers, but he himself was of
middle height Napoleon was short.
Grant was not very tall. Not only
does moderate size speak well for a
man's energy and ability, but it often
happens that the rule goes farther. It
seems as if physical debility were the
normal accompaniment of mental
power. To prove some such theory
we might cite Spinoza, Herbert Spen
cer, Newton, Pope, William III., Cow-
per, Darwin and a host like tnem. as
the brain waxes the body wanes. Per
haps some day we shall be all brain
with nothing but a shell of bone to
enclose and protect it
ITALY'S RELATION TO THE WAR.
Th. mnoi in t .rtt1 n or nhase of the
,-arar at nrpsniit is not the alternative
swaying to and fro of the battle lines
i the east and west nor the torpedo-iir-
of British and neutral ships by
German submarines, nor the naval
British blockade, nor even the attack
on the Dardanelles: it is the part
Italy is to play in the war. While
other nations have been fighting, Italy
has been arming and negotiating. She
is now fully armed, ana ner aipiomau
have learned how much she can gain
without fighting and how she can gain
e most by ngnung.
Rv diplomacy alone Italy can surely
gain only part of Trent. Germany
promises to secure Trieste and other
territorial concessions from Austria,
with a" free hand in Southern Albania,
but Germany's ability to keep this
promise is contingent on her final suc
K in the war. If Italv stayed out
of the war and the allies won, Austria
would be partitioned and the German
provinces of Austria would be joined
to the German empire. Trieste would
go with them and Italy would have
for a neighbor a powerful empire
embittered by her desertion in the
time of trial. France, on her other
border, vould be no more cordial in
such a contingency.
Should Italy Join the allies, the
scales would be turned so strongly
against Germany and her allies that
the latter might sue for peace with
out great loss of prestige. Germany
might then accept the principle of
nationality as the guide in defining
boundaries, which has been put for
ward by Great Britain. That would
Involve the partition of Austria, the
independence of Hungary, the restora
tion of Poland and the annexation of
the Teutonic provinces to Germany.
In that way JSermany. would come out
of the war with more territory than
she went Jn with, even if she lost
Alsace-Lorraine, East Prussia, Fosen
and Schleswig-Holsteln.
Britain, France and Russia might
feel eo confident of Germany's com
plete overthrow, especially if Italy and
the Balkan states Joined them, that
they would not consider such terms
as . Germany was willing to accept
upon Italy's entrance into the war.
But Italy's quarrel Is with Austria,
not with Germany, and, having got
what she--wants from Austria, she
might refuse to fight Germany. Italy
might even force a settlement by
threatening to make common cause
with Germany.
Against this possible course are to
be set the great gains to be made by
Italy if she were to throw in her lot
with the Anglo-French-Russian alli
ance and stay with it to the end
Those nations can, if victorious, give
her practically the entire east coast
of the Adriatic 6ea, making that sea
an Italian lake, as well as Trent and
Trieste. They can give her perma-
nently the Aegean Islands she now
holds and can add a share in tne
division of Turkey.
A consideration of the several al
ternative courses open to Italy and of
the opposing bids made for her aid will
explain her long delay in declaring
herself and the extraordinary efforts
of her statesmen to hold in check the
popular sentiment which would have
thrown the kingdom headlong into the
war.
Mrs. Zenas F. Moody lived a long
life of good works. She was for more
than a half century the wife of one
of Oregon's prominent citizens and
she was the mother of active and
worthy sons. Not many women had
her capacity or zeal in generous deeds
for the helpless or the poor, and no
family ever had a better wife or
mother. " For many years she lived
with her husband at The Dalles, where
she is fondly remembered, and for
more than thirty later years Mr. and
Mrs. Moody were residents of Salem.
They moved to that city, when Mr,
Moody became Governor. No one who
has been a beneficiary of the gracious
hospitality and kind thoughtfulness of
the Moodys at Salem can ever forget
it .or fall to be grateful for it. Mrs.
Moody lived to see honors bestowed
upon her sons as well as her husband;
but they were In no way more worthy
or sincere or heartfelt than the respect
and admiration in which all who knew
her held her. She lived a full life
and was prepared to' go.
Both Seattle and Spokane are in
fnrminir travelers to the San Francisco
exposition of their wonders and at
tractions. Both are using the adver-
tisins- columns of Eastern magazines.
But we have failed to observe any
word therein about Portland. The
tourist who visits San Francisco and
also Spokane or Seattle cannot avoid
nasslnt? throueh Portland. But snail
we be content with a mere strategic
nnsition that may bring us little more
than the privilege of watching laden
passenger trains go byr
Tr ; nnt nn'itK clear how the admin
istration of justice can be assisted
by an army of Greeks and Italians in
the courtroom. The law provides a
remedy for ail its own blunders and
stupidities if one has the perseverance
to pursue it. If anybody should ever
h "railroaded" to the insane asylum
on false "testimony the writ of
habeas corpus would be avauame to
give the victim freedom and a fair
trial unless all the Judges in the state
were corrupt.
Th RnvBtnor of Illinois proposed to
make the canal from Chicago to the
Mississippi pay for its own comple
tion. It can be made, he says, to
reclaim ereat areas of cultivable land
which can be sold at good figures.
The state has tnereiore oniy w step
in and buy the land before prices are
enhanced by the improvement in or
der to reap a heavy profit an.d thus
finance the canal.
TWrnir'ta nvnerimentinff with mu
nicipally-owned street railroads. It
has offered the company operating
thor-A 124.900.000. for its ris-hts. The
company asks J5, 000, 000 more. With
tho atnrmv outlook for city transpor
tation companies it is likely enough
that a compromise will be reached.
The experiment, should It be tried, will
solve many a disputed problem, s
Tf nil accounts are true the "actors"
in th mnviner-nicture drama are
lucky if they preserve their lives aa
the plays proceed. The Saturday
Evening post nas puonsnea aiuimu m
their hair-breadth escapes that seemed
tMiMa on ,t nnA. of thA aviators
for the movit has Just lost his life
at Los Angeles. This is carrying
dramatic realism rather far.
Thno Ttritish vessels that fly the
Stars and Stripes will not long fool
h. man hehinrl the Deriscope. but
may lead to unintentional disaster to
a ship -that has the right to ny om
Glory. '
a jinfHR-tn v advocate having dis
covered that single tax would end
war, it is now up to some doctor to
announce a serum that will accom
plish the same end. '
The Jacs are squeezing China -too
hard to suit Great Britain and Rus
sia, which portends that friction may
continue when the present war is ove.
Th uimrnth Indians must be read
ing automobile literature. They are
asking for a million dollars to help
in agricultural pursuits
Tn HntA l pr fnr the hard-surfac-
ing bond election and all now needed
is to count the vote and begin work.
If St Patrick had come to Port
land, yesterday he would have felt
wonderfully at home.
Bob Fitzsimmons is taking the
count He has a license for No. 4.
All a man needs to be convinced
is to be hit by a jitney.
Wait until the Jitneys begin racing
to the ball grounds.
The Bowlby letter must be a fake.
April showers ahead of schedule.
Stars and Starmakers
BV I.EONE CASS BACK.
So much newspaper space is given
the little new twilight babies that they
might appropriately be designated
spotlight babies.
e a
Dorothy Shoeraaker, of the Baker
Players, pauses td opine that Solomon
seems to be the only man who ever kept
his matrimonial messes out of the news
papers until after his death.
mm
Read where an actress committed sui
cide because her husband deserted ber.
Some women never know their luck.
Joe Knowles, the back-to-nature man,
sometimes of the Oregon plney woods
but more lately of vaudeville has a
partner in his act now. It's a bear!
Its contribution to the drayma is a
wrestling exhibition. It wrestles with
Joe,
Cyril Scott is playingt the principal
role In fBeven Keys to Baldpate," a
comedy on Its way to Portland.
we
Billle Burke" Zlegfeld Is beaded for
the Pacific Coast and will soon be seen
at the Heilig-. John Drew is coming
also in a revival ef "Rosemary."
I can't help thinking of the stunning
effect if the return of big bustles fol
lows the threatened adoption of
knickerbockers by women.
a
Edgar Selwyn, accompanied by his
wife, Margaret Mayo, and Irving Cobb,
the war correspondent and lecturer, ac
companied by his wife and kiddles, are
on their way from New York for Cali
fornia. While in California, Edgar
Selwyn will appear in the Lasky photo
play production of "The Arab," in
which he will play the title role. Their
trip out here will take them through
the Grand Canyon of the Colorado,
where they will meet Mr. and Mrs.
James Forbes. They plan to traverse
the "painted desert" in Utah. The lat
ter part of the trip will be attempted
in an automobile, and It is said that
this will be the flrst time this attempt
has been made.
a e
Afror rni1ina- m. lint of the contents
in a pocketbook advertised as lost by a
woman shopper, I am Inclined more
than ever to believe that it was Mrs.
Shakespeare who wrote: "Who steals
my purse steals trash."
e a
Edna Archer Crawford is going Into
vaudeville with a sketch. Edna iirad to
be a Baker player,
a
Xo woman minds how disreputable
or uninteresting a man's past may be,
provided his present is presentable.
a a
Hallett Thompson has arrived in
Portland, coming directly out from New
York to take the place ef Arthur Byroa
in "Today," Mr. and Mrs. Byron leav
ing for New York. Mr. Byron is to be
gin rehearsals Immediately under David
Belasco in a new comedy by Wlnchell
Smith, with Martha Hodman as the
leading woman.
see
William Fullwood, who has been
with Wagenhals ft Kemper for 41 years,
is In Portland on his way home from
the exposition.
e
Other theatrical guests In our midst
are the Corslcan brothers,- White and
Wright who are here ahead of "Peg
o' My Heart."
Tristan Bernard, the French drama
tist, in an article in Paris Temps, se
verely criticises the conduct of the war
and compares the tactics of the Gen
erals to those of poker players. Prob
ably he thinks the allies are bluffing
with a pair of kings.
"Every time I come to. Portland 1
change my name from 'Mary' to
'Merry,' " said Mary Carr, the Junoesque
actress presenting "Back to Buffalo" at
the Empress. The fact that Miss Carr's
mother. Mrs. Mary Leo, and her younger
sister, Gertrude, are located on a home
stead at Fossil, Or., is the reason for
the actress' delight. Gertrude Leo ar
rived from Fossil yesterday and will
pass the remainder of the week with
her sister here. The Leo homestead
contains 640 acres and the mother and
sister of the Empress actress "work"
the land by themselves, devoting their,
efforts particularly to raising of hogs.
In which venture they have met great
success. Miss Carr's main ambition now
is to join her relatives in Oregon. She
is a graduate of the University of
Washington and gained her first stage
experience in Portland, where, eight
years ago, she was a member of the
stock company headed by T. Daniel
Frawley, which held forth at the old
Marquam Grand for several weeks in a
repertoire of popular plays. William
Leo,, of Portland, Ib Miss Carr's uncle.
e -.
An altogether fine and unusual trib
ute was that paid to the late George
("Honey Boy") Evans In Alton, III., last
Sunday afternoon by his colleague, At
G, Field, and the members of the tat
ter's company.
The Field Minstrels were giving a
performance in the local theater, and
In the midst of the first part Field
raised his hand and announced that
the hour for George Evan's funeral in
Streator had arrived. He asked the in
dulgence of the audience while the
regular performance be suspended for
brief religious services.
Of course, the audience acquiesced.
and a hush fell over the assemblage.
Then the merry minstrel men laid aside
their gaiety and the entire companf
solemnly sang '-Nearer, My God ,to
Thee." There followed then a brief
address and a short prayer.
The minstrels bowed their beads low
for a moment or two after the conclu
sion of the services, and then at a sig
nal bone rattled, tambourines jingled
and the dances went on as merrily as
before.
Speaking of the late "Honey Boy"
Evans recalls that he was Blanch
Ring's flrst'rtusband. He was succeeded
by Frederick McKay, who is now only
her business manager, having been suc
ceeded matrimonially by her nrejent
husband, Charles Wininger.
Ethel von Waldron. a Portland girl,
is appearing with Fiske O'Hara in
'Jack's Romance, a song comedy.
Madame Critic, in the Dramatic Mirror,
says: "Miss von waiaron is cnirimns
a replica of Maude Adams at the first
time she won our hearts as a young
girl."
-V NeaTlect of Hemtj
Washington (D. C.) Star.
"Does your wife neglect her home in
making speeches?"
"Not a bit of it," replied Mr. Meekton.
She always lets me hear the speeches
first" I
1 FRIEND'S NAME tilVES TO LAKE.
(nterratlns Incidents of 1'rrmosl'i Ilia,
eaveriea In Central Oregoa.
SALEM, Or., March 16. (To the Ed
itor.) I read a controversy recently In
The Oregonian as to the correct name
of the lake located in Lake County, re
cently leased by the state to Eastern
capitalists to be mined or the minerals
extracted from Its waters, together
with that of Summer Lake, which Is a
body of water about two in ilea wide
and 12 miles long, located 15 or J'
miles northwest of Lake Abert "Aberl"
is the correct nnjne for the lake. My
authority for thia statement Is based
on these facts:
The original Government maps hav
it so named, and about 60 years ego 1
read a small book which purported tu
be the printed journal of Colonel John
C. Fremont, who, while in the employ
of the Government, crossed the plain
In 1842 and afterward attempted to lo
cate a trail to California. He with hla
escort and guides lft The Dalles in
the late Full and traveled aouth up th
Deschutes River and over the divide
into the Klamath Uusin naar the head
of th Klamath Marsh. From thia point
his guidos, for what reason I have for
gotten, turned and led him easterly
over- some high and rugged mountain
covered with snow, through which they
floundered for several days. Descend
ing the steep eastern slop of thia
mountain they suddenly came In sight
of a placid lake upon which the aun
was shining brightly. The temperature
was mild and the valley was covered
with an abundance of green pasturage,
therefore he wrote in his journal,
"Summer Lake."
Continuing southerly and easterly for
a couple of days ha camped on th
south border of another pretty body of
water. This he named Abert in honor
of Colonel J. J. Abert, a friend of his
in charge of the topographical bureau
of the United States. Fremont and hla
party continued east and a couple of
days later reached the western shore
of another lake, which was on Christ
mas day. Therefore he called it Christ
mas Lake. They then turned south, and
passing over some low hills came to
the lake again at its southern border,
but not knowing it was the same lake
and having been attacked by Indiana,
who wounded hla lieutenant, Warner,
unto death, the lake here waa given
that officer's name. This name now
covers the entire group of lakes.
In the mountains Immediately south
of this lake Fremont "cached" or hid
his small cannon and hid It ao well that
it has never been found. This was the
historical cannon that nearly prevented
him making the trip. He was loath to
undertake the expedition without this
gun. He therefore requested It from
the arsenal at St Louis and the request
was granted by the officer In charge,
but when the department at Washing
ton was apprised of the fact that h
had secured the gun and a supply of
ammunition orders were given and a
rne?aenger sent ordering Fremont to
apoear before the department and ex
plain his authority ror making tne re
quest. Fremont having already trav
eled some distance on hla way his wife
opened and read the order, and know
ing it would rob her husband of one of
his fondest ambitions withheld the or
der but dispatched a not to him by a
private messenger urging him to
greater speed. to get beyond usual com
munication and the possibility of a re
call. As the boundary line between Eng
land and the United State west of thu
Rocky Mountaina waa very indefinite
It waa feared that this expedition, ao
armed, might be taken as a casus belli.
Being thus warned Fremont pushed
rapidly to the west hauling his little
gun along, and kept It with hia command
until they reached the mountain be
tween Warner Lake and Surprise Val
ley. There la a email river called Ana,
flowing Into Summer Lake from the
north, which is erroneously spelled
Anna upon some of the late mapa of
the state.
I surveyed the lands bordering on
the north and- east shore of thia lake
and finding said stream without a
name called it Ana River in my note
in honor of my baby irirl, now Mrs. S.
W. Thompson, of Salem. Or.
W. H. BYARS.
REST ROOM FOR PUBLIC IX BANK
Correspondent Offers Suggestion fer
Adjunct to Ncrv Building.
PORTLAND, Mar. 17. (To the Edi
tor.) Our great financial inatltutjon,
the First National Bank, will shortly
erect at the corner of Fifth end Stark
streets, in the very heart of our busi
ness district, a great and exclusive
home, which all maintain will be a
monument to our great city and state,
and one to be oked upon with pride
and respect for a long time to come.
No doubt every person is or should
bo an optimist with reference to th
future of our city, when they read and
hear about this move of the First Na
tional Hank. One cannot help but think
that our city has a future when such
nien aa control this successful financial
Institution have faith enough in our
city and state to think themaelve
duly Justified In making an Investment
of this kind.
As a suggestion and one that I be
lieve will win and substantiate much
further respeet and pride for th First
National Bank, and at the same time
raise ita efficiency unit to ope of greater
usefulness to the publlo aa well a
beauty. I would suggest that they em
body in their building plans specifica
tions public rest rooms on the Fifth
street sid of the building;, for both
women and men and present them to
the city for equipment, maintenance
and operation, which no doubt would
be accepted with pleasure and thank
I'm sure.
This should not affect the architec
tural beauty of the building, as by
their having already adopted the
Parthenon type of building, the building
proper will not extend lo or be built
flush with the street; which will make
this a much more feasible location than
probably could b found anywhere else
without great expense, considering
Portland' narrow walks and street
and other traffic conditions.
While I am not an architect, nor have
I viowod the building plans of this
structure, and cannot say Just what th
expense would be in connection with
this proposition, I am of the opinion
that it would not be a very largo
amount
This ia something that ia surely
needed In this part of the city, espe
cially for the women, and will also b
needed very much by the men whn
the city goes dry.
I believe this is an asset well worthy
of consideration.
I trust that this will be read and
understood with the spirit in which It
is written, for the mutual benefit of all.
CARL W. WIRTZ.
Character or John Day River.
PORTLAND, Or.. March 17. (To the
Editor.) (1) How long is the John
Day River from Canyon City to the
Columbia River?
(2) 1 the river navigable by a small
canoe?
(S) Or is the water swift and full of
rapids? r- G-
(1) Probably 175 to 500 miles.
(2) Only for comparatively short
distances.
(3) Yes.
No.
pnnn ivn Aiarch 17. (To the Ed
itor.) A widow having property in her
icrw m,rrim nsrain. Can she sell
her property without using her present
husband s name wnen no naa iu cwnu
on it whatever and the till has not
been changed lnc her marriage?
- . . . v - , - i ' - T , T . ! I - T,
Twenty-Five Year Ago
From Th Oregonian of VarcH 1. lsWV
It is reported that 100 Iioumc ill
b rctd in Lebanon during th com
ing year to meet actual needs.
Fucna Vl.t firms which made a ship
ment of hoi' to an Eastern firm lni
Kali are delighted to learn that their
hop were th finest received n Lon
don, England.
Masonic .Hall Is being thoroughly
refitted, painted, decorated and a new
dancing floor has been added.
Frank Hobln. proprietor ot the Of
fice Saloon, North First street, had his
till robbed last night while shaving In
the rear ot th building.
The Oregon" City locks are expected
to be finished without fall by th end
of the present week. A Intire M inl
craw of men I at work completing th
work, which Is now overdue,
Fred Bullock, an electric streetcar
driver, was everely shocked when he
took hold of a rhargnl wire on the
top of his car while trying- to muk"
repairs. Mr. Bullock 4ook eeveral
backward somersaults In hla angle.lv
to hurry awny from the trouble he had
Incurred.
Th shed for a patrol waon In th"
rear of the City Jail la neaniiK comple
tion and soon obstreperous drunk will
enjoy a ride to th Jail. The patrol
has hen ordered by the l'lie Comnilh
sloner and the matter of call box Ik
coming up at th nest nievlinK. with
probability of obtaining tlirm for the
city. The next urgent need I an ei
flcient police force.
George A. Snyder, a grocer, whos
place of business wa at Fifteenth nl
B streets, was burled yesterday from
the German Catholic Church.
Th Portland Hibernian Itenevolent
Society gave Its 31st annual ball at
Turner Hall last evening. There were
300 couples present end the decorations
were suitable for the day. Con O'Brien
acted aa floor manager and the re
ception commute conslnted of n. It.
Murphy, J. M. Gearln, James Gleason
and William Foley.
Half a Century Ago
From Th Oreenlan of Match It. IRC.
In the Recorder Court yesterday
Jeremiah Buckley waa fined 1 10 ami
costs for bolateroua conduct. Jatnus
MulKoon was also mulcted In the aim
amount for a similar offense, but not
having the needful, he was sentenced
to languish for four day In durance
vile.
Th regular meeting of th Common
Council wa held last nlsht. Mayor
Falling presided and othara present
were: Councilman Cook, Bennett, Slarr,
Brayden, Fraaer, Robinson and Hoff
man. The petition of J. E. Sedlak was
read, asking for th purchaae of a por
tion ot Market block, but no action wax
taken.
Yesterday being th anniversary of
St Patrick's canonization, our Irish so
cieties celebrated it with thtilr usual
good taste. At 11 o'clock in Ihe morn
lug a deputation of Portland Hibernian
Society and the Feulun Urotliei hood,
headed by the Tortiand brass hand,
proceeded to Vaughn whaif and re
ceived the Vancouver Hibernian So- .
clety and escorted them to their hall to
the tune of St. Patrick. They then pro
ceeded to the Catholic Church, wher
mass was said, after which they re
turned to the hall gild wr addressed
by S. J. McCormlck. A dinner followed.
The commissioner appointed by the
last Legislature have purchased 147
acres of ground of M. L. SuvaK. at
Salem, for the erection of a atate peni
tentiary and insane asylum. Th land
is about one mile and a half east of
Salem, on Mill Creek. The land Is
covered with oak trees, but th aoll Is
fertile. The price paid wa fsoon.
Sheriff Stltzel informs ua that any
body who wants any of th tre or
shrubbery from John Prltchard'' pl-
which were not old at th sale yester
day may have them If they call at
Courthouse block and carry (hem away
before Wednesday evening.
Another Origin of JHnr.
PORTLAND. March 17. (To th Ed
itor.) Since th advent of th JUney
lo this city I hav noticed both In Th
Oregonian and other publications
arioua conjecture as to the origin of
this word. 8om of theso sound viy
well and ar amusing. I don't think
that it will b possible to discover th
true origin of thia word, llowaver, 1
heard not very long ago an amusing
lory about the origin of th Word JH
ney, so will pas It on for th benefit
of your readers, not saying that 1 be
lieve this version.
About If year ago when Chatta
nooga, Tenn., had tho "Jim crow" ears
a negro started a coach for carrying
colored folks, charging i crtiita for this
service. Later the auto bus waa substi
tuted for the coach. In a short while
th railway company discontinued run
ning "Jim crow" oars. Th bus which
took the place was called the "black
leg." bcaus people having tht color
of limb wer the only kind who rod In
the bu. Finally, for a Jok. instead of
calling It the "black-leg" peopU railed
it the "Jet knee." This was corrupt'!
Into jitney and sine then n ulo bus
is known by this nam.
.JACK srKK.
tme af the fid f Wmt.
Indianapolis Journal.
Bix By tho way, w ho is. or rather
was, the god of war?
Dlx I've forgotten th duffer's
nam, but I think It vns Ananias.
Keeping l p With lb Proecln.
Chicago New.
Kind Stranger How old I your baby
brother, llttl girl?
Llttl Girl H's this year' model.
Another IVeutral 7,ne.
Judge.
"There goes another poor devil
launched upon the sea of matrimony."
"Yea; and he looks as If he expected
to strike a mine anv minute. 'S
Small Ideas
And Large Resultg
Large hope com from small
Idea and large result from hope
wedded to puahahaad.
The man with an Idea is natural
advertiser.
II is an enthusiast he wants
every one to know what h hs.
He proceeds to make hi dream a
reality.
He drawa buslnes by his very
enthusiasm and elf reliance.
Look over the dvertlnlne columns
in this newspaper and ou sc the
men with Ideas.
Some of them have ceased to be
small Ideas, they . have trow a to
business grants.
The advertising -tell a mljhty
slsnllicant story from day to dy.