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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (March 15, 1915)
THE MORXTXG OR EGO XI AM", MONDAY. MARCH 13. 1915. 6 a i a i PORTLAND. OREGON. Entered at Portland, Oregon, Poton71c second-claas matter. -Subscription Kates Invariably la advaoc Rw XI U rall. Sunday Included, on year. ? H? all. Sunday Included, alx month...... Daily. Sunday Included, three montha.... 6.0U Jjatly. Sunday Included, one raontn.. WllllUUl .1 J""-f , wmw - ... L.tlv wlfhil ltinf1.V. IK BlOOtU ral!y! without Sunday, three month... 1.75 00 Inuiy. without Sunday, on month - Weekly, one year KunHav nn. a F fcunday and Weekly, one year. 2.40 nv rirHir l Daily, Tnnday Included, ona yer. ....... Daily. Sunday Included, one month ' How to Remit Send Postofflce ony,r: l-r. expresa order or personal check on your i. i n r .urreocv T t cnCer risk. Give postoStc addrea In tulU Including county and state. Peetace Ktc 1. to 1 page. 1 e-,,l. lo paea. i cents; st to o p---. " " . mi - ? . ...... ta Tfl De. tents; 7S to 2 paxea, cent. Forin poet- ate. oouoie raiea. nH.;nM. nrlM Veree ft Conk lln. New York. Brunswick building; Chicago, blencer building. Ma rraacixv Office R J. Bidwell Com r-n. 74:.' Market street. roRTl4.NI. MONDAY. MARCH 1. ! lltttO CASiL CELEBRATION. When this country was crude, raw and wild, the Columbia was the high way by which sold seekers went to the mines of Idaho and Montana, but it was used as nature had made it. Steamers which earned their cost in a tingle season have become famous in Pacific Coast history, and their profits formed the foundation of several great fortunes. Passengers and freight were transferred around the Cascades, Ce lilo Kalis and the rapids by stage and wagon. Those were Doom nays wnen cost was not counted in the feverish haste to reach the gold mines. Finally the development of the Columbia basin, which Includes the greater parts of Oregon, Washington and Idaho and a large part of Montana and British Columbia. It is a long step in the work of converting the Columbia river into a water highway from the Pacific ocean to its source in the Canal lakes of British Columbia. What the Mis hissippi, Missouri and Ohio are to the Middle West and South, what the Amazon is to Brazil, the Nile to Egypt, the Rhine and Elbe to Germany, the Columbia Is destined to become to the Pacific Northwest. THE TWILIGHT OF THE HORSE. Man, the horse, the cow and the dog have been closely associated through the entire progress of human evolution. The pig has also been our evolutionary brother but he has not enjoyed the same intimate affection as the horse and Hog. When Darwin was visiting the cow regions of the Argen tine he remarked some naked gauchos crossing a river on horseback and re flected with his usual sagacity that the two races had evidently been adapted to one another by ages of -simultaneous variation. But now man parts both charging fares in excess of cents. It may be doubted that the stree railway companies, after due consider ation, will attempt to establish the zone rate plan. Moreover, if they did attempt to do so, it is likely that vot ers would be governed by considera- tions other than an immediate reduc tlon in car fares. The tendency of the zone rate in Europe is to cause con gestlon in tenements within the cheap fare limits. Clearly it would ulti mately result in the close-in resident paying higher rent. Likewise it would ultimately cheapen property values farther out, where a greater percent age of people own their 'own homes. With them the prospective increase in values, if transportation facilities re main as they are, would weigh heavier than a prospective reduction in taxes through the cheapening effect upon their holdings of a change in trans portation rates. Inauguration of the zone system is a fanciful solution of the Jitney problem. In fact, the equitable course is not to seek a method to put the Jitney out of business, but to see that the public is as well protected when traveling by auto-bus as by streetcar, and that auto transportation property pays its company with his old companion and slave. The horse is at last gaining his proportionate share of taxes. The Jit ireeaom tnrougn tne goou u.ncra neyis entitled to a fair field, but notn the gas engine, but if he loses his ex- in more. If lt can exist under such istence at the same time he may per- terrnS( it is a legitimate growth in haps not value the favor very highly. pubnc service. If it cannot, the sooner Altogether lovely as the horse Is on that fact ,s established the better it the farm and the country road he I wm be for the Jitney operators and the a nuisance in town. He befouls the streets, attracts flies and disseminates disease. Now that he has become un- economical in addition to his other dis qualifications, sentence has been passed upon him and he must go. general public. WEAK CASE FOB PRINZ EITEL. Captain Thlericheu's defense of the The dog sinking of the American ship William ought to go to the country with him. P. Frye serves only to draw attention It is a great pity that some genius to the weakness of his own case, tie does not Invent a machine that will says that his only guide In treating a portage railroad wad built past the howl at night, snap at passers by and neutral ships after the Eitel Friedrich obstructions and was the first step in dj. ut tBe neighbors' flower beds and lost communication with tne uerman the transition from steamer to rail intnu- take the place of the dog. If I government was the London declara- such a thin- should ever happen our tion. That agreement permits the cities might become reasonably clean sinking of a ship, more thaTl half of pioneer transportation. With the ale of the Oregon Rail wav & Navigation company to inter ests which completed a through line of railroad from Portland to a con nection with the Union Pacific, the glory of steamboating on the Colum and fairly healthy places to live in. the cargo of which is contraband. when the safety of tfie captor would be endangered by taking it to a port of the captor's country. The London declaration includes foodstuffs among conditional contra band and contains the following stipu- IMSPVTING THE RECORD. The effort of the Democratic press bia bftan to fade, but the people have I to make it appear that the late Ore nerslstently clung to the river as a Icon Senate was controlled by politi- competitor with the railroad. Theylcians traveling every avenue toward nations have realized that the first requisite spoilsmanship is rounded upon sucn Article as. ' Conditional contraband is lia to genuine, successful competition was misstatements as the following, which ble to capture if it is shown to be destined removal or circumvention of the ob-ns taken from a, Portland newspaper: ..l"- "7 deoar m en7 of thTenemv state, f tructions to continuous voyage from Then the recent Legislature passed a law I unless In this latter case the circumstances the source of production in the interior I transferring the tax collection to the Sher- show that the goods cannot in fact be used III oilier, .-iii.ic imnac, .ck". iur iiie iiurpu.es ui, mu .i 111 jiii.&imo. ently so anxious for more spolla In that of- Artlclo 3. The destination referred to fico that thev hooked the emergency clause in article a.1 Is rjresumed to exist If the tnto the measure, but ths House refused to I goods are consigned to enemy authorities or to a contractor established in tne enemy country who, as a matter of common knowl- to the markets at the head of naviga tion for ocean vessels. To accomplish this end. their united efforts have been ppplied for thirty years. The first fruits were seen in the opening of the Cascade locks twenty sears ago. but that by itself was a small help, for the rapids and Celilo Kails were only a few miles above to divide the upper from the lower river. The delay in obtaining an appropria tion from Congress was so heart breaking that Oregon resorted to a makeshift by building a portage rail road. At last an Initial appropriation was made in 1905 and work was be- sun on the canal and locks which . have been completed ten years later. The Columbia Is now navigable without trans-shipment of cargo from the sea to Priest Rapids and the Co lumbia and Snake are navigable to Lewiston. a distance in each case of stand for it. The statement disputes the official record of the proceedings on this measure. The House did "stana tor the emergency clause on the bill. The sound reason was offered for the emergency that without it tax collec- tions would this year be made in part by one office and in part by another, resulting in possible confusion. The bill reached the executive oftlce with the emergency clause! attached, but upon advice of the Attorney-General Governor Withycombe called the attention of House members to a pro vision of the constitution which for bids the attachment of .emergency clauses to tax measures. The House thereupon, because of the bill's doubt ful constitutionality. recalled it. i t A, I more than 400 miles. Steamers can struck out the emergency clause and the Senate concurred m tne cnange. The habit some newspapers have of looking with cross-eyed suspicion make uninterrupted voyages to the heart of the grain, fruit, wool and stock-growing country- They can take from Portland on their upward voy age the products of Western Oergon and Washington and of the whole world, and can bring back all the products of the interior for shipment to the Atlantic Coast and the whole world. Goods brought down the river need never leave the water until they reach a foreign port across the ocean for thev can be transferred from river vessels to ocean vessels at Portland Completion of the Celilo Canal comes at a propitious time for devel opment of river transportation. Hither- edge, supplies articles of this kind to the enemy. A similar presumption arises if the goods are consigned to a fortified place be longing to the enemy or other place serving as a base for the armed forces of the enemy. No such presumption, however, arises In the case of a merchant vessel bound for one of these places if it Is sought to prove that she herself. Is contraband. In cases where the above presumptions ao not arise, the destination is presumed to be innocent. The presumptions set up by this article may be rebutted. The Frye's cargo was not consigned to enemy authorities or contractors, but to a merchant. It was not con signed to a fortified place, for the ship was bound to Queenstown for orders to proceed to some port in the United Kingdom, which might or might not be fortified or a base for the British armed forces. According to article S4,' the destination must be positively such a place, not merely possibly, in nrrlpr tn liistifv n nresnmnMnn that upon every Legislature seems to breed ,hH . is contraband. Therefore a careless veracity. th destination should have been pre sumed to be innocent. Even had there CAl'SE OF the DEFICIT. been grounds for adverse presump- Representative Steenerson, who ex- tions, they might have been rebutted, posed the fallacy of the Administra- out no opportunity to reDut was given tion's plea that the decrease in revenue Although the London declaration was due to the war. returned to the am not Decome operative, tne Jiiei charge last month and furnished addi- Friedrich chose to be governed by it tlonal proof that it was due to the ana oy tnat stanaara ine cnuser s con Underwood tariff. duct must, therefore, be judged. By Taking official statements as a ba- that standard lt Is condemned as a violation or tne rignis or a armies and navies already in the field and fully equipped with the latest Implements of war. The peace trea ties would have had the effect of en forcing neutrality upon us until the allies were ready to fight us and of causing us then to go into war under atremendous, self-imposed handicap. This use of the Bryan treaties as a means of "standing off"-" the United States until a more convenient time has been suggested by a writer in the London Spectator, jvho says: Although there may well be nothing to arbitrate, lt would yet seem not unwise for some- court of arbitration Jo' be designated at the present time. . less with any idea of Its direot utility than lor tne purpose oi convincing opinion that whatever occurred no possible fear of collision existed. If even by chance matters should come before this court which could be regarded as of capital interest to England, It would not be -difficult to find reasons for delaying Judgment until after the war. Recourse might even be had to Mr. - Bryan's latest "cooling-off scheme, which, in treaty form, provided for year's delay, pending which a commission of inquiry should have time to report to a court of arbitration. England has only to put this forward In order completely to silence any pressing remonstrance of Mr. Wilson's Adminlbtration, which might find itself caught a not unwilling victim in its own meshes. There we see a frankly admitted desire- to "delay Judgment until after the war" and to "silence any pressing remonstrances of Mr. Wilson's Admin istration," by resort to arbitration, and, if the nature of the case forblds that, by resort to a commission of inquiry. Solely through the neglect or refusal of Germany to enter Into a Bryan treaty, we are free to defend our rights against encroachments by that country. If a German submarine should sink an American ship with all hands, the United States- is at liberty to demand instant satisfaction, and. If I that is not forthcoming, to begin hos tilities at a time when Germany is not seeking more enemies. This is prob ably one of the reasons why Germany- made so conciliatory a reply to our protest against her proclamation of a war area. That reply contrasts strong- y with the firm stand taken by Brit ain and France in defense of their em bargo on German commerce. Since the United States sent its protest these powers have gone to greater extremes. Knowledge that we have voluntarily locked up our gun and cannot get it without burglarizing our own safe explains the Anglo-French attitude. This analysis, of the position In which the Bryan treaties have placed the United States toward the belliger ents is not intended as a suggestion that we should Intervene in the warj on either side. It is Intended to dem onstrate that this Nation should not bind Itself to arbitrate or to submit to commissions of inquiry every dispute which may arise. Our present experi ence' has shown that emergencies may arise which require, 'prompt, firm treatment with a "big stick" at hand and with no treaty veto on its use. Then we can protect our interests without breach of faith, and other nations, knowing we are free to use the big stick, will not provoke us to use it. The Bryan treaties are a direct Incitement to encroachment on our rights by other nations, for they may at any time offer us the alternative between sacrifice of our interests and breach of our plighted word. Twenty-Five Years Ago Granting of a new trial to the Na tional Cash Register officials defers Secretary Bryan's hope of seeing a trust magnate in jail. Even had the sentence been confirmed, Mr. Bryan's satisfaction would have been dimin ished by the thought that a Repub lican Administration began the prosecution. From The Oregonlan of March 15, 1S30. Seattle. Andrew A. Holt, alias An drew A. Anderson, a famous smuggler and pirate of Puget Sound for years, was fatally shot at Salmon Bay, Just north of this city, late last night while resisting arrest by Federal officers. Port Townsend. H. W. McNeill, man ager of the Oregon Improvement Com pany, has signed contracts with the Port Townsend Southern Railroad Com pany to construct a line between this city and Portland. Police Commissioners Frank and Si mon and Chief of Police Parrish yes terday took a stroll through the County Jail to see how the prisoners are kpt in the new iron cages. Their Idea was observation to get pointers to be used when a new jail is built. Horse cars will soon be a thing of the past in Portland. The Third-street system and the Morrison bridge line are to be electrified. Manager William H. Lee, of the Ta coma Hotel, was in the city yesterday examining the new Portland HoteL The Portland Hotel Pharmacy, owned by Frank Nau, formerly prescription clerk for Woodard, Clarke & Co., will open to the public today. Tacoma. George Francis .Train re- coivert a. a-reat ovation on arrival from the East yesterday. The militia, bands and the public were out to greet Mr. Train on his first visit to Tacoma since he helped lay out the city. George W. Brown, whose leg was broken a short time ago while he was superintending the work on the Madison-street bridge, was able to visit his office yesterday. Mayor De Lashmutt has purchased the old Thomas Stewart farm, now known as the Neep place in Washington County, adjoining his Witch Hazel stud farm. Xne Place contains 217 acres and the price was $10,000. The Witch Hazel ranch contains 2000 acres. C. H. Dodd, who has been in the East the last three months, has returned. The partnership between Drs. Royal & Drake has been dissolved by mutual consent. A. D. Charlton, of the Southern Pa clfiCr left yesterday for the Puget Soulld. James Russell Lowell's physicians re port he is slowly improving. The prob ability is the distinguished author has been more seriously ill than any but his physicians have knowm- Ex-President Cleveland, it is said, has been offered the presidency of a $20, 000.000 English syndicate, with a salary of $50,000 yearly. An interesting article on "The Schools of Germany" appears in the March num. I ber of the Student, edited By Master w B. Wells, of the high school. FREIGHT RATES CHIEF OBSTACLE Farmers Could iirt Lime at I'ropcr Fricea but for Transportation. GRANTS PASS. Or.. March 13. (To the Editor.) I wag much interested in the letter from "Rural Life," published in The Oregonian March Hi. reparding the need of pulverized limestone for use as fertilizer on the soils of West ern Oregon. This Is a subject to which I have given considerable study and. in my opinion, what is most needed to secure this limestone for the soils that re quire it in this state is not legislation, but transportation and lower freight rates. "iiural Life" mentions that, in Illi nois, the state sells crushed limestone to the farmers as low as 50 cents a ton. I would like to add to this statement by quoting from correspondence from the warden of the Southern Illinois Penitentiary, Menard, III., regarding ground limestone and with reference to prices and freight rates, as follows: The price of this fertilizer is 60 centa per ton in carload lots, shipped In bulk, or $1 per ton in carloads lots, shipped in loo pound sacks free on board cars at Uie prison. When the fertilizer Is shippad In sacks an additional charge of 10 cents i made for each sack, but a credit of 10 centa Is allowed for each sack returned within a reasonable time. If the freight for the return of the same is fuly prepaid. We ship almost entirely In bulk, In boxcar, and we are contemplating doing away with sack shipments except In lens than carload lots. Our prices are all f. o. b. tiack Half a Century Ago LACK OF STRAW MAIJT TROUBLE h finds that riurlns- 1914 the wanton Hnti i-niwtnil under the Underwood neutral state, and tlie cruiser should to the unwillingness of railroads to ,....- nrnolirifpli to 13.62 per cent of not be permitted to leave the United i co-operate with water lines or to the totaj jmpbrts. In 1912 under the State until full satisfaction has been puna iceaers to mem na ucr.i payne.Aidrlch tariff the collections I given, not only to tne owners or snip serious obstacle to use of the river. 18 14 per cent. During the Ave I and cargo for their monetary loss, ii.e amoinuuiiB nw uw n;iiuii:u "'" months endinjr December 31, which but to the United states lor tne arrront stage where it is becoming a useful t- flrst fl months of the war. to the American flag. imports were $134,936,427 less than Germany s announced readiness to in the same period of 1913. If those give tnis satisfaction is promise mat eoods had come In. the additional a serious cause of friction will be re- duty at 13.82 per cent would have moved. In view of her own conten been $17,892,570. The decrease of im- tion, as against Britain, .that food ports for the whole calendar year 1914 stuffs must be proved beyond doubt to i-tibstitute for the railroad. Construc tion of good highways -with a hard surface will enable auto trucks to haul heavy loads direct from the farms and towns in the back country to the steamer. Completion of the canal and the possibilities which it opens "P was oniy about $3,000,000. Hence the be bound actually to a belligerent should give a great Impetus to the good roads movement in the Interior, for good roads will be valuable feed ers to the river and will render it in dependent of the railroads. That the people of the Columbia river basin may have the full bene fit of an open river, it Is necessary that every' river town be equipped w ith modern ,wharves and machinery for handling freight and that up-to- date vessels for carrying freight be decrease of imports does not explain force of an enemy in order to justify the deficit. I seizure, she could not do otherwise The chief cause of the deficit was without conceding that her enemy is the reduction of duties and the addi- free to starve out her whole popula tions to the free list. This cut the tion. Irrespective of the merits of the customs revenue $69,167,342 lower in case, Germany will find the better 1914 than In 1913. But that was not policy to be to make full amends for all. for Mr. Steenerson showed that destruction or tne Tye. the Treasury balance had shrunk from nearly $150,000,000 when President Wilson was Inaugurated to $45,433,746 on February 15, 1915. The expendi- "STAND1NO OFF" INCT.E SAM. The great injury which would be done to American commerce by the provided. The old type of steamboat . . i. .i PJ""" "? ' aruan- 18 exceeded receipt, by $100.- - -n towing a string of steel barges. At Portland there should be barges and lighters for transfer of cargo between river and ocean vessels. When these facilities are provided the Columbia will become a crowded highway and a good case will have been established for asking the government to extend the open river to the Canadian boun dary, where it should meet an open river through British Columbia, the work of the Canadian government. 757,386 and the deficit is growing from day to day. The deficit is not due to the decrease in imports caused by the war. It is due to the decrease in duties collected on imports, to miscalculation of the revenue to be derived from income and corporation taxes, but, above all, to lavish spending by Congress. That body knew that revenue was falling short of estimates, but lt proceeded I rt cn.nH rtt nrn mnnl- than it had the The task of opening the upper tfver 'i" .nnroDr,atlonjl " ade at the last session being $1,128,000,000. It would to navigation goes hand in hand with that of opening the lower river to deep- sea vessels, for one is the complement of the other. Portland has divided with the government the cost of mak ing a 30-foot channel to the sea. which is now an accomplished fact. The government by building jetties arid by dredging, with the aid of Port land and Astoria, has made a broad channel 33 feet deep across the Colum- be hardly possible for the most ex pert revenue-producer to keep pace with the capacity of the recently ex pired Congress for spending money. of all goods destined to Germany and Austria furnishes an example of the contingencies to which Colonel Roose velt referred when he denounced the Bryan peace treaties. By those treaties Britain and France are relieved of all anxiety as to the consequences of vio lating the rights of American com merce. The treaties bind the United States and each of the nations mentioned to devote a year to inquiry by a commis sion into the merits of any controversy and during that year to make no ad dition to their armed forces in prepar ation for war, but they leave each nation free to arm against other na tions. If an inquiry by a commission into the Wipielmina case were or dered, our hands would be tied for a year. We should be barred from ex acting prompt satisfaction not only The late Samuel Bowles was handi happed at the start by the reputation of his father, who had made the Springfield Republican one of the great newspapers of the country; bu,t he overcame that and kept the paper at its high standard in the front rank of New England journalism. installed. Italy is hesitating on the brink fearing what may happen if she goes Into the war, yet fearing to lose share of the plunder if she stays out Either that is the case or she is play ing a very foxy game to gain all that Is to be gained by fighting without having a fight. Had the British patrol boats which put out from Hughtown in pursuit of a German submarine continued the chase instead of stopping to pick up the Indian City's crew, they might have saved the Headlands. Their com manders' hearts got the better of their heads. vThe gift of a wealthy New Torker of $30,000 worth of radium to use on inmates of Sing Sing is an estimable deed, to be sure; yet there are many outside that institution to be saved and one cannot but think -the money could be put to more profitable use. The British having begun to gain ground from the Germans by miles in stead of yards, they may possibly reach Berlin before they are old men. If they hold their gains. The merger of the Southern and Central Paclflo roads may be a good thing for California, but how about Oregon? We should not object to an other competing road. Practicability of Flax Scutching Plant at Penitentiary Doubted. ' OREGON CITY. Or., March 12. (To the Editor.) In a recent article on flax fiber there was no intention to discourage the cultivation of flax straw, but to call attention to the use less expense of erecting a- scutching plant at the Penitentiary at a cost of $25,000, with a view of promoting the industry and of furnishing labt-r to convicts, unless the farmers would sup ply material. It is evident the farm era have not responded to the invita tion, as the Governor has a, plan to have the state furnish 200 acres of land for the purpose. In the interest of the taxpayers it would be advisable to ascertain why the Salem plant suspended operations; also the Scio of later date, well equipped with modern machinery, and Chehalis. that was to be the forerunner of all kinds of mills for the purpose of working up the fiber locally. The fact is evident that the farmers are averse to supplying material. The Albany plant, in operation in 1873, came -nearer being a success than any. It not only scutched the straw, but made it into sack twine, making an article equal to the Eastern twine. Though having a home market, it was a failure for lack of straw, with the result of a loss of capital invested in the plant. The Scio mill could not obtain a figure for their fiber to justify opera tion. It was evident that some mo tive was in view by the Eastern pur chasers to discriminate against Valley fiber, as to all appearances it was equal to a bale of Belgium purchased for a sample to test the matter. The bale was consigned with a shipment, call ing attention to it as selected Valley fiber, and yet it was turned down as not eciual to the imported Belgium. What assurance have we that an -article manufactured by convict labor would have any market whatever un der such circumstances? I contend it is only by individual la bor with a small flax scutching ma chine that the fiber can be successfully produced. Let a bonus be given by the state for 50 bales of flax fiber as an inducement. There is a wide mar gin in value and there is no positive loss in the handling. A scutching ma chine and fiber dresser can be had In Naw Vnrk Citv for $300. that will dress PSO pounds In 10 hours. As -the value ranges rrom cento iu j. pci v""""- enemy. some or our icue youus uiou wtuuiu noat themselves in this line of busi ness. A Government bulletin will give them information. Respectfully. A. J. M. NO CHANCE FOR ZONE RATES. Prediction comes from the general manager of the United Railways in for that wrong, but for all the many I San Francisco that the Jitney, if lt 1 other seizures which would surely fol bia river bar and is continuing work continues in the field, will cause a low. The allies could continue to gain with a view of attaining a depth of 40 revolution in streetcar fares by com- all the benefits of throttling Germany feet. By means of this channel the vol- I pelllng adoption of zone rates. He I and could "stand us off for a year ume of traffic which the upper river I estimates that In the congested part I on any demand for the abandonment can exchange with the outer world will I of San Francisco his company could of a policy which might do Irrepar be vastly increased. -Thus the Inland haul passengers profitably for 2 able injury to our commerce. They Empire gains by every yard of sand I cents each, but that patrons in the might know that an arbitration court that is dredged from the channel and I outlying districts would have to pay would finally award the United States by every ton of rock that Is dumped I considerably more. heavy damages, but in the meantime on the Jetty. Naturally the question arises as to they might gain their end the defeat The Celilo Canal forms a link in how the street railways could adopt of Germany and might consider that a great chain by which every town I the zone plan in view of the 5-cent I by shortening the war they would on the upper Columbia and the Snake I fare limit usually contained in fran-I save enough in the cost of actual hos- as far as Lewiston and Priest Rapids chises. In reply it is suggested that unties to counterbalance the sum they is brought Into close intercourse- with If the change were submitted to vote would pay this Nation. the entire world Intercourse all the I so many persons would profit by re-1 Should this country resolve to fight closer because that greatest of all I duced fares that an amendment of the waterways, the Panama Canal, is now j kind would be approved by the peo open. It is also an earnest of like pie. good things in store for the country It Is the idea that zone rates estab- . farther up the Columbia. The more I lished by the streetcars would elimin- use we make of our great waterway, late the jitney as a short-haul carrier. I army of about 25,000 men and to a the more rapldy will its improvement But what would prevent the -jitneys Navy which in two years will be be extended. I from establishing a zone rate, or bar I equaled by that of France alone. Be Every citizen of the entire Colum- I them from abandoning the short hauls I ing already at war, Britain and France .bia river watershed who can possibly I and competing with the streetcars on I are left free by the treaties to arm attend should be present at the cere- the long hauls at the higher rate? I without limit. Were the present war monies May 3 to 8. which are to mark I Some Jitneys are now running In Port-I to end before the year of delay ex- the opening of the canal. Thi will iand to points outside the city limits in I pired, they would be abundantly ready be one of the great events in I competition with the street railways, J to fight us. They would nave veteran The Chinese method of roasting pig, as described by Charles Lamb, was tried at the packing-house fire, it may be efficient, but it is too costly for frequent use. The Roseburg heiress beseeched by many in marriage says she had no idea there were so many fool men." That's because she is young. i What bargains there will be in a Are sale of the thousand dressed hogs slightly damaged by flame, smoke and water the other 'night! rather than yield after the commis sion had reported, it would be forbid den by the treaty to make any mili tary preparations during the year. We should still be limited to a mobile If Italy delays much longer, her sen trance will be considered result of a cold-blooded bargain and not inspired by hot desire to kill. Only nine candidates for city com missioner and two to elect! Wake up, gentlemen! The Turk has faith in Mohammed, but is placing his real dependence on Germany.. Thaw no sooner escapes one of the law's traps than: he falls into another. The pressure on Governor Spry, of Utah, Just now is tremendous. orison yards. Menard, 111. The railroads have made a very low rate on this fertilizer. Each road over which the dust Is shipped charges ss cents per ton if the distance hauled Is less than .10 miles. If over 60 miles, the charge of each road is one-half cent per ton per mile, 'i'o get advantage of above rates, a car of not less than 80 tons must be ordered. The freight rates named apply to Illinois points only. In Southern Oregon there is an al most unlimited supply of suitable lime stone tro-.n which this fertilizer can be cheaply produced, but the freight rates to Willamette Valley points. where the greatest need of this fer tilizer exists, are prohibitive. The present freight rates per ton from Grants Pass to eome of tnese points are: Portland. $3.60; Salem, $3.20; Corvalils, $3.40; Albany, $3; Eu- cene. S2.60. The following quotations are rrom correspondence received from a promi nent agronomist of this state, referring to erround limestone fertilizer If it could be laid down here in tne wniamptiA Vaiiev. at maln-llne points, 13 Der ton in carload lots, mere woum h cl Inrtrft demand for Iff I know that when limestone can be nau at from 2 to (3 per ton at wiiiamono Valley points there will be a very heavy nnnBiimnllnn nf It. If S3 per ton tne maximum price which the Willamette Valley farmer can afford to pay for his fertilizer, de livered at his nearest railroad siding the foregoing freight rates are prohib- tive. If the freight rate on this fertiliser was similar to thak made by Illtnols railroads, the approximate cost of freight per ton from Grants Pass to the same Willamette vaney points would be: Portland. $1.48 4; Salem. $1.22; Corvallis, $1,145; Albany, $1.0S5; Eugene. 86V cents. Under tnese con ditions the Will.tmette Valley farmer would be able to secure ground lime stone at a figure that would bo profits ble to him But even if this fertilizer was availa ble at a reasonable -price, is the OreKon farmer readv to make use of it? The writer has for some time contemplated the installation of a plant for the pro duction of pulverized limestone for such use and a short time ago, In an attempt to arri '0 at the probable size of the local market, inserted an ad vertisement in the local papers, both daily and weekly, requesting that all thi se desiring to secure sucn fertilizer, if the same could be obtained u a rea sonabie cost, communicate with him. Onlv one reply was received. Howeve--. a small crusher, to supply the local demand, is at present being i ...IT I ' From The Oregonlan of March IS. 1V The latest uilvlci-s from .h rmn t army Indiraied that a portion of It hn-1 reached Capo Fear lat er, s-'tne iltr-taro above Wilmington. After i ffi-ci n n a Junction with Si-hof ii-l-l. Sliiiinnn will probably mov toward i;!iKh. From Fayettcville. tin- point oil t'aiu- lr lilver which it Is i-uppoh.-u Mii-nimn n alining at. it Is 60 mlUs to I:1-IkIi 'I I .. distance from TIaleiKh to IVWrr.-irott 12 . UO miles. The rebel have luth.-rio been unable to offi-r any ronslil.-r.il. u opposition to Sherniun'H nilvain .-. If they cannot prevent him from pi ...-..-. i. Ing north lie may compel evaluation of Kiohnionil before his army conns n-.ir that place. At the election lately held In l'tntl!l. County, Umatilla City was clio.-.-n iho permanent county seat of that count;.. Chief Justice Chase in his flri-t offi cial action announces tliat WcM ir- ginla is a state. Juilo Catron, of t;. .Supreme Court, not long (Itice jj.ivp a reverse opinion. It Is said flint all t i . Justices concur with C'hasa In the opin ion that West Virginia l.i a slate i i-.--t Judge Catron. City Marshal 11. I- lloyt announce that the dellntiuent tax lit ha l.-en placed ill ills hands for t-otlectiuiia. A rumor was circulated last Mimmcr to the effect that petroleum had been discovered near Astoria. The reports are being revived gently once nunc. Leopold Wolf will lecture at the Pres byterian Church this evening for the benefit of the Ladles' Christian Com mission. Alex T. Stewart, the great dry good dealer of New York, paid 1:10,000 In come tax last year. His tncumo return was $3,uuu,Uu0 that year. His holiness, the 1'ope, has demandej of Emperor Maximilian, of Mexico, that all the church property be restored to the bishops. It is expected the Lm peror will forget to comply. A purse of $500 went by steamer yes. terday, contributed to relieve the dis tress and poverty of John Gllroy, the pioneer of pioneers of California, titl roy once was rich. Three old friends, two living at The Dallas and one at Portland, made up tho purse. S. B. GORBUTT. LET NATIONS AT WAR TAKE RISK Porta MAMMAS AIE Till XT FOKUIVEX Palmer Uachclore, Oace Annoyed, Take Trail and Find Sccnle Marvels. PALMER. Or., March 8. (To he Editor.) I notice in your paper that you frequently publish articles con cerning the Mazamas. Well, we used to have lt In. for them because thev came through our little town at all hours of the night, maklnsT all kind of noises, from that of the lunty cow boys' yip-ylp to tho hoot owl's mourn ful hoo-hoo. 1 romember on one oc casion they lost "Bob" and from tlm way they were shouting for htm you would have thought that he was the most popular man on earth. Do you blame us? Well, some of us old bachelor de cided to follow the trail March 7 In hope of corrallng a cripple. Hut ws were out of luck, for thooo Mazamas are sure some hlke.s. When lt cornea to tramping they are there more than a Missouri farmer can whip mule. Well, we lost the trail at An gel's Rest and right there Is where we took a vote and forgave them. appreciate that It Is some hard on the wind to climb mountains. Hut we lost ours 'when we saw that great pano rama open out before us. Tnlk about your Hudson and your AnironuacuM But you cannot compare them with what spread out before us. We talked over all of the descrip tions we had ever oen printed of ore- gon scenery and aecmca mat nicy were wanting. The Columbia makm one long silvery stresa; tne snow raps rearing their majeslio heads ta heaven; tho quiet little farmsteads with their fields all ready for the the highway of Columbia' fame, and then, high up in the rm ks. a giant spring wnose water come tumbling down the mountains side in one streak or silvery spray, i nen it came to u that the heart of the Ms zama was next to nature; that th Wheat Available Only nt V. S. I Sugrgestlon Offered. PORTLAND, March 14 (To the Ed- sowing; itor.) The United States has wheat and other commodities needed by Kng land und Germany, but the delivery of wheat to Germany is opposed by Eng land and the delivery of wheat to Eng- InH ia nnnnxpH hv OermAnV. The only element in the sales to pleasure of witnessing the handiwork either country which involves poten- of God was remuneration enough for tial difficulty for this country is the the loss of sleep mgitap of h t-i i vprv it seems to me that I caused the body. the. various purchasers should assume I As we stole the pleasure of Insrrlh a. deserved responsibility by undertak- Ing our names In the little leather ing the delivery of their own purchases, covered book, we torgave mrm This country Has tne ngni to sen anything to anybody, and no foreign nation can assume to nictate wnaL, TIII-3 SW FRANCISCO FA III, ...ha, n Vinnr W enn linrlprstnnd the 1 h ratification enjoyed by resident I'm off for California and the Pan Fran agents of any of the warring nations SAM M OliK. when their plans result In embarrass ment for this country to tne aovan tage of the nation for which they act. We have no important merchant ma rine, and such merchant ships as may now sail under our flag can find pay Ing cargoes, consigned to neutral coun tries. In various United states ports. Therefore, why not fill the seaports of this country with wheat or any cisco Fair; I'm going to leave tomorrow on the Beaver or the Bear; I long to see the glories of the good oil Golden State; I long to view the sunset on the olden, Golden Gate; I want to sail right through it till I glide upon the bay: I want to watch the bustle when I anchor at the quay; wondrou wonders there. Hurrah for California and the Francisco Fair! other merchandise desired by the war- I'm off, my friend, to wltne all th ring nations and sell for casn to an comer, with the understanding that carcoes shall be carried In foreign ships and that no delivery risks shall be assumed by the United States of America? If Germany needs our wheat, she is r iihertv to come and get it. if she I'll ee the Fair Ground' marvel, toe; but first I want to ae The building of old Oregon Exhibit A for me. can pay for it, provided her merchant -with one big tree for every state, which ships can elude tne war vessel u SIMPLEX. Selection of Committee. PORTLAND, March 13. (To the Ed- itor.l Kindlv advise us whether tne committees in the National House of Representatives are elected by the House or by the Speaker of the House. ELIZABETH WATERS. In the last Congress a caucus of Democratic members of the House se lected the ways and means committee, which reported back to the caucus the Democratic committee assignments. Re publicans selected the minority mem bers of committees by caucus. Caucus reports were thereafter approved by the House. When Husband Disappears. ASHLAND. OR., March 12. (To the Editor) Some years ago in London, England, I read In a paper of a presid ing magistrate giving his decision to n,o offoct that it wa legal for a woman to marry again after a separa linn vilthnnt divorre. for 8 years. also' have heard that the same thing is legal in this country after a period of 7 years. Please advise mo on ui ouu 1ect ' ' R. II. STANLEY. means that we are bleared With trees enough for all tho land from far. fur East to West; In fact, we'll let them see that w could build a wooden chain From Maine to California and from Texas back to .Maine. Hurrah for Oregonlans, for they will all he there. To see that things keep humming t th San Francisco Fair: 111 see the new Invention and th things of long ago: I'll see the freaks of Nature and th tricks they have to show; I'll hear tho hand play "Dixie" and I'll . 1. .....nH-mt- llrl.l Disappearance of the husband for That nj umlncK all the heaven and HP- plants the dark of tvlgiit; I'll see the Nation's champions in all th lines of sport: In fact, I'll be In Eden 'till my pookrt- licjoif runs short. Hurrah! I'm off tomorrow on th Beaver or the Bear; period of seven years raises tno legal presumption that he Is dead. Oidin ary separation, when whereabouts are known, however, does not, under ioi mer circumstances If the wife remar rles after seven years and the mlBsing Dl-rtalon of Profit. PORTLAND. March 13 (To the Ed itor.) Please solve the following prob- em: A and B made 5800,-a pays ii.iu expenses: B pays $3.90 expenses; A and B together pay more expenses, which amount to $50 they pay equal amounts of this $50. How much do each receive of the $S00 after the expenses are ta ken out? - B. M. If it is meant that each has paid the indicated expenses out of his own pock et and there Is thereafter $800 to di vide on an equal basis, A should re ceive $403.60; B $396.40. Swat the early fly. Do not wait for the ojiening o"f the campaign. The real jitney peril seems to have developed. Ball soon. Attachment for Saloon BUI. PORTLAND, March 13. (To the Ed itor.) Can a saloon-keeper attach a man's wages for a liquor bill? I got a Job now and because I owe this man some money he hounds me to death. I am willing to pay. but can't right away. He threatens to sue me and I have no money to consult a lawyer with. ARTHUR M. POPE. Your earnings are exempt up to $75 per month from attachment for liquor bill. Francisco 1' alri T.ol'IS .T. P f.WAi-ir. husband returns, she Is not criminally Hurrah! for California and the San liable, but the second marriage is void. Proper procedure Is to sue the missing huband for divorce on the. ground of desertion. Neutrality and Wr I.oen. pAPTT.A vn March 13. (To the Edi tor) Is Flora Finch of the Vitagraph players married to John Bunny of the same company, put, wuo - "-j.-o .-loerlUmatll?" f 7. thr nr International agree ment to prevent private partie in the United States from loaning money to the belligerents? in omer -oru, would it violate our neutrality to ex tend a belligerent a loan . m No. () War loans by United States citi zens would not violate neutrality, but President Wilson has urged Americans not to lend money to belligerent, and v,t advice has been heeded. Some or the warring countries, however, have established credits In American banks, by borrowing money which is retained by the banks and paid out In thl coun try for supplies. March Winds The month of winds has come, This means extra care of th skin on the part of mlliidv, for, unless great precaution Is taken. she will he much distress! Ith chapped lips, hands and fce. Cleansing creams. hlng cream, softening c r a tn and nourishing cream. c-reHm to b used before facing stern March winds, and creams to be used after facing them all of these necessary and delightful acces sories will play an Important pa it in the toilet of the fastldlou woman-during thlj month. Articles of thl description are now being shown on th counters of department and drug store whose advertisements w carry. The wise woman will take advan tage of this opportunity now be Ing offered in t h I particular line.